CA2876092C - Quaxial geogrid - Google Patents
Quaxial geogrid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2876092C CA2876092C CA2876092A CA2876092A CA2876092C CA 2876092 C CA2876092 C CA 2876092C CA 2876092 A CA2876092 A CA 2876092A CA 2876092 A CA2876092 A CA 2876092A CA 2876092 C CA2876092 C CA 2876092C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- node
- nodes
- ribs
- geogrid
- rib
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
Abstract
The invention provides a quaxial geogrid comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of ribs, the nodes and the ribs are connected to form a plurality of rectangular units, each of the rectangular units comprises four first nodes located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and a second node located at a diagonal intersection of the rectangle, wherein each of the rectangular units further comprises a first rib located in the direction of a side of the rectangle to connect two adjacent first nodes, a third node located at a midpoint of each side of the rectangle, a second rib located at a diagonal of the rectangle, and a third rib passing through the second node and connecting the third nodes; wherein the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs. The invention increases the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler, and improves the shear resistance of the geogrid to the filler.
Description
QUA.XIAL GEOGRID
Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reticular plastic tensile structure, and particularly, to a quaxial geogrid.
Background of the Invention In the civil engineering, the geogrid or ground grid is used as reinforcing and strengthening material, or protection and isolation material.
l 0 Internationally, there are many types of plastic reticular structure materials used as the reinforcing and strengthening material in the civil engineering. For example, a reticular material directly molded by extruding thermoplastic plastics generally has a low tensile strength and a large elongation, thus it is difficult to meet the engineering requirement. A
plastic sheet is punched to produce rows of square or rectangular holes (the shape of the hole may be various, such as circle, ellipse, square, rectangle, etc.), and undergoes a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension to obtain a tensile reticular material having square or rectangular holes. This material has a good integrality, a high strength and a low elongation, thus well meeting the requirement of the overall strength in the engineering. But in the engineering application, it is found that the actual load is applied often not only in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, while the above various reticular materials usually only provide reinforcement and support in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, and they are weak in supporting the load coming from a slanted direction, and have to transfer and disperse the load through a right angle shear resistance of the nodes, thus the nodes are also easily to be destroyed.
The current tensile reticular structure materials at least have the following problem: the nodes of the geogrid are easy to be destroyed, and the geogrid is not resistant to the tangential force of the solum.
Summary of the Invention The invention provides a quaxial geogrid, so as to solve the problem that the nodes of the existing geogrid are easily to be destroyed and the geogrid is not resistant to the tangential force of the solum.
Thus, the invention proposes a quaxial geogrid comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of ribs, the nodes and the ribs are connected to form a plurality of rectangular units, each of the rectangular units comprises four first nodes located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and a second node located at a diagonal intersection of the rectangle, wherein a line connecting two adjacent first nodes of the rectangle is a side of the rectangle, and each of the rectangular units further comprises a first rib located in the direction of a side of the rectangle to connect two adjacent first nodes, a third node located at a midpoint of each side of the rectangle, a second rib located at a diagonal of the rectangle, and a third rib passing through the second node and connecting the third nodes;
the nodes comprise the first node, the second node and the third node;
the ribs comprise the first rib, the second rib and the third rib;
wherein the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs.
Further, the first node and the second node have the same size and thickness.
Further, either of the areas of the first node and the second node is larger than that of the third node.
Further, the first node, the second node and the third node have the same thickness, and the side of each of the rectangles is parallel with or perpendicular to the length direction of the quaxial geogrid.
Further, the second rib is twisted, and the rectangular unit is square.
Further, the first node and the second node are provided with a mounting hole.
Further, an area ratio of the first node to the third node is from 2.1:1 to
Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reticular plastic tensile structure, and particularly, to a quaxial geogrid.
Background of the Invention In the civil engineering, the geogrid or ground grid is used as reinforcing and strengthening material, or protection and isolation material.
l 0 Internationally, there are many types of plastic reticular structure materials used as the reinforcing and strengthening material in the civil engineering. For example, a reticular material directly molded by extruding thermoplastic plastics generally has a low tensile strength and a large elongation, thus it is difficult to meet the engineering requirement. A
plastic sheet is punched to produce rows of square or rectangular holes (the shape of the hole may be various, such as circle, ellipse, square, rectangle, etc.), and undergoes a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension to obtain a tensile reticular material having square or rectangular holes. This material has a good integrality, a high strength and a low elongation, thus well meeting the requirement of the overall strength in the engineering. But in the engineering application, it is found that the actual load is applied often not only in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, while the above various reticular materials usually only provide reinforcement and support in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, and they are weak in supporting the load coming from a slanted direction, and have to transfer and disperse the load through a right angle shear resistance of the nodes, thus the nodes are also easily to be destroyed.
The current tensile reticular structure materials at least have the following problem: the nodes of the geogrid are easy to be destroyed, and the geogrid is not resistant to the tangential force of the solum.
Summary of the Invention The invention provides a quaxial geogrid, so as to solve the problem that the nodes of the existing geogrid are easily to be destroyed and the geogrid is not resistant to the tangential force of the solum.
Thus, the invention proposes a quaxial geogrid comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of ribs, the nodes and the ribs are connected to form a plurality of rectangular units, each of the rectangular units comprises four first nodes located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and a second node located at a diagonal intersection of the rectangle, wherein a line connecting two adjacent first nodes of the rectangle is a side of the rectangle, and each of the rectangular units further comprises a first rib located in the direction of a side of the rectangle to connect two adjacent first nodes, a third node located at a midpoint of each side of the rectangle, a second rib located at a diagonal of the rectangle, and a third rib passing through the second node and connecting the third nodes;
the nodes comprise the first node, the second node and the third node;
the ribs comprise the first rib, the second rib and the third rib;
wherein the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs.
Further, the first node and the second node have the same size and thickness.
Further, either of the areas of the first node and the second node is larger than that of the third node.
Further, the first node, the second node and the third node have the same thickness, and the side of each of the rectangles is parallel with or perpendicular to the length direction of the quaxial geogrid.
Further, the second rib is twisted, and the rectangular unit is square.
Further, the first node and the second node are provided with a mounting hole.
Further, an area ratio of the first node to the third node is from 2.1:1 to
2.9:1, a top surface of each of the nodes is higher than a highest point of a top surface of each of the ribs, and a bottom surface of each of the nodes is lower than a lowest point of a bottom surface of each of the ribs.
Further, there is a separation transition area with an increased thickness at an intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node, each of the separation transition areas is sectorial, which separates the connection of each of the adjacent ribs, and has a larger thickness than each of the ribs.
Further, each of the separation transition areas does not cross a separation transition area at an end of an adjacent rib.
Further, the adjacent separation transition areas cross each other, and the ribs do not cross each other.
Since the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs, when the geogrid is buried in the solum or soil, the thickness of each of the nodes causes a tensile or fixed structure to be formed in the horizontal direction between the geogrid and the filler, and when the filler tends to slide horizontally, each of the ribs generates a plane frictional force, and each of the nodes generates a vertical resistance and a plane frictional force, thus the frictional force and the resistance between the geogrid and the filler are increased, the pulling force that makes the geogrid drop off is offset, and the geogrid is more difficult to drop off.
Further, the first node and the second node are larger than the third node.
Thus, since the large and small nodes have different frictional forces, when the filler tends to slide or subside, the geogrid bears unbalanced forces to offset a part of micro-deformation and improve the stability of the entire geogrid.
Further, the first node and the second node are provided with a mounting hole to mount a counter weight or other functional element, so that the geogrid sinks underwater in the reclamation works; and a stereo geogrid effect is achieved so that the mounting and usage are more convenient.
Further, the second rib is twisted, which also obviously increases the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler, and improves the shear resistance of the geogrid to the filler.
Further, there is a separation transition area with an increased thickness at an intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node. The separation transition area separates the connection of each of the adjacent ribs, thereby ensuring the thickness increase of each of the nodes during the manufacturing.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a thermoplastic plastic sheet of a first embodiment of the invention before drawing;
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the first embodiment of the invention during a drawing;
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a quaxial geogrid formed by the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the first embodiment of the invention after drawing;
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a thermoplastic plastic sheet of a second embodiment of the invention before drawing;
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the second embodiment of the invention during drawing;
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a quaxial geogrid formed by the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the second embodiment of the invention after drawing; and Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a transition area of the quaxial geogrid of the first
Further, there is a separation transition area with an increased thickness at an intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node, each of the separation transition areas is sectorial, which separates the connection of each of the adjacent ribs, and has a larger thickness than each of the ribs.
Further, each of the separation transition areas does not cross a separation transition area at an end of an adjacent rib.
Further, the adjacent separation transition areas cross each other, and the ribs do not cross each other.
Since the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs, when the geogrid is buried in the solum or soil, the thickness of each of the nodes causes a tensile or fixed structure to be formed in the horizontal direction between the geogrid and the filler, and when the filler tends to slide horizontally, each of the ribs generates a plane frictional force, and each of the nodes generates a vertical resistance and a plane frictional force, thus the frictional force and the resistance between the geogrid and the filler are increased, the pulling force that makes the geogrid drop off is offset, and the geogrid is more difficult to drop off.
Further, the first node and the second node are larger than the third node.
Thus, since the large and small nodes have different frictional forces, when the filler tends to slide or subside, the geogrid bears unbalanced forces to offset a part of micro-deformation and improve the stability of the entire geogrid.
Further, the first node and the second node are provided with a mounting hole to mount a counter weight or other functional element, so that the geogrid sinks underwater in the reclamation works; and a stereo geogrid effect is achieved so that the mounting and usage are more convenient.
Further, the second rib is twisted, which also obviously increases the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler, and improves the shear resistance of the geogrid to the filler.
Further, there is a separation transition area with an increased thickness at an intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node. The separation transition area separates the connection of each of the adjacent ribs, thereby ensuring the thickness increase of each of the nodes during the manufacturing.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a thermoplastic plastic sheet of a first embodiment of the invention before drawing;
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the first embodiment of the invention during a drawing;
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a quaxial geogrid formed by the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the first embodiment of the invention after drawing;
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a thermoplastic plastic sheet of a second embodiment of the invention before drawing;
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the second embodiment of the invention during drawing;
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a quaxial geogrid formed by the thermoplastic plastic sheet of the second embodiment of the invention after drawing; and Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a transition area of the quaxial geogrid of the first
3 embodiment of the invention.
In which:
11: first node 12: first node 13: first node 14: first node 21: second node 211: separation transition area 31: third node 32: third node 33: third node 34: third node 41: first rib 42: first rib 43: first rib 44: first rib 51: second rib 52: second rib 61: third rib 62: third rib 81: tensile hole Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments In order that the technical features, objects and effects of the invention can be more clearly understood, the invention is described with reference to the accompanied drawings.
Figs. 3 and 6 illustrate two quaxial geogrids respectively, and the main difference between them is that the angle of the rib is changed by 45 degrees, i.e., the quaxial geogrid unit of Fig. 6 is formed by rotating the quaxial geogrid unit of Fig. 3 by 45 degrees on the plane. The two quaxial geogrid units of different angles have the same or similar structures, but in the actual laying, the geogrid laying direction causes the quaxial geogrid units of different angles to form certain positional correspondences with the entire length direction or width direction of the geogrids after the quaxial geogrid units are connected, thus the two quaxial geogrids of Figs. 3 and 6 have different directions of tensile forces or forces acting on the filler.
As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 6, the quaxial geogrid according to the embodiment of the
In which:
11: first node 12: first node 13: first node 14: first node 21: second node 211: separation transition area 31: third node 32: third node 33: third node 34: third node 41: first rib 42: first rib 43: first rib 44: first rib 51: second rib 52: second rib 61: third rib 62: third rib 81: tensile hole Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments In order that the technical features, objects and effects of the invention can be more clearly understood, the invention is described with reference to the accompanied drawings.
Figs. 3 and 6 illustrate two quaxial geogrids respectively, and the main difference between them is that the angle of the rib is changed by 45 degrees, i.e., the quaxial geogrid unit of Fig. 6 is formed by rotating the quaxial geogrid unit of Fig. 3 by 45 degrees on the plane. The two quaxial geogrid units of different angles have the same or similar structures, but in the actual laying, the geogrid laying direction causes the quaxial geogrid units of different angles to form certain positional correspondences with the entire length direction or width direction of the geogrids after the quaxial geogrid units are connected, thus the two quaxial geogrids of Figs. 3 and 6 have different directions of tensile forces or forces acting on the filler.
As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 6, the quaxial geogrid according to the embodiment of the
4 invention comprises a plurality of nodes and a plurality of ribs.
The nodes and the ribs are connected to form a plurality of rectangular units;
the nodes comprise the first node, the second node and the third node; the ribs comprise the first rib, the second rib and the third rib.
Each of the rectangular units comprises four first nodes located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and a second node 21 located at a diagonal intersection of the rectangle, wherein the four first nodes comprise a first node 11, a first node 12, a first node 13 and a first node 14, and the number of the second node is one.
A line connecting two adjacent first nodes of the rectangle is a side of the rectangle, and each of the rectangular units further comprises a first rib located in the direction of a side of the rectangle to connect two adjacent first nodes, a third node located at a midpoint of each side of the rectangle, a second rib located at a diagonal of the rectangle, and a third rib passing through the second node and connecting the third nodes;
There are four third nodes, i.e., a third node 31, a third node 32, a third node 33 and a third node 34; there are four first ribs, i.e., a first rib 41, a first rib 42, a first rib 43 and a first rib 44, and the length of the first rib is the side length of the rectangle; there are two second ribs, i.e., a second rib 51 and a second rib 52, and the length of the second rib is the diagonal length of the rectangle; there are two third ribs, i.e., a third rib 61 and a third rib 62, and the length of the third rib is the side length of the rectangle; the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs.
Since the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs, when the geogrid is buried in the solum or soil, the thickness of each of the nodes causes a tensile or fixed structure to be formed in the horizontal direction between the geogrid and the filler, and when the filler tends to slide horizontally, each of the ribs generates a plane frictional force, and each of the nodes generates a vertical resistance and a plane frictional force, thus the frictional force and the resistance between the geogrid and the filler are increased, the pulling force that makes the geogrid drop off is offset, and the geogrid is more difficult to drop off.
The rectangular unit is square, thus the nodes and ribs inside the quaxial geogrid are regularly arranged, thereby facilitating the manufacturing. Further, the first node 11 and the second node 21 have the same size and thickness, thereby facilitating the manufacturing.
Further, the first node 11 and the second node 21 are larger than the third node 31. That is, the vertex node and the center node of the rectangle have a larger area than the midpoint node of each side of the rectangle. The large node (the first node and the second node) connects 8 ribs, while the small node (the third node) only connects 4 ribs. The ribs at the large node form a
The nodes and the ribs are connected to form a plurality of rectangular units;
the nodes comprise the first node, the second node and the third node; the ribs comprise the first rib, the second rib and the third rib.
Each of the rectangular units comprises four first nodes located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and a second node 21 located at a diagonal intersection of the rectangle, wherein the four first nodes comprise a first node 11, a first node 12, a first node 13 and a first node 14, and the number of the second node is one.
A line connecting two adjacent first nodes of the rectangle is a side of the rectangle, and each of the rectangular units further comprises a first rib located in the direction of a side of the rectangle to connect two adjacent first nodes, a third node located at a midpoint of each side of the rectangle, a second rib located at a diagonal of the rectangle, and a third rib passing through the second node and connecting the third nodes;
There are four third nodes, i.e., a third node 31, a third node 32, a third node 33 and a third node 34; there are four first ribs, i.e., a first rib 41, a first rib 42, a first rib 43 and a first rib 44, and the length of the first rib is the side length of the rectangle; there are two second ribs, i.e., a second rib 51 and a second rib 52, and the length of the second rib is the diagonal length of the rectangle; there are two third ribs, i.e., a third rib 61 and a third rib 62, and the length of the third rib is the side length of the rectangle; the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs.
Since the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs, when the geogrid is buried in the solum or soil, the thickness of each of the nodes causes a tensile or fixed structure to be formed in the horizontal direction between the geogrid and the filler, and when the filler tends to slide horizontally, each of the ribs generates a plane frictional force, and each of the nodes generates a vertical resistance and a plane frictional force, thus the frictional force and the resistance between the geogrid and the filler are increased, the pulling force that makes the geogrid drop off is offset, and the geogrid is more difficult to drop off.
The rectangular unit is square, thus the nodes and ribs inside the quaxial geogrid are regularly arranged, thereby facilitating the manufacturing. Further, the first node 11 and the second node 21 have the same size and thickness, thereby facilitating the manufacturing.
Further, the first node 11 and the second node 21 are larger than the third node 31. That is, the vertex node and the center node of the rectangle have a larger area than the midpoint node of each side of the rectangle. The large node (the first node and the second node) connects 8 ribs, while the small node (the third node) only connects 4 ribs. The ribs at the large node form a
5 shape of "Union Jack", and the ribs at the small node form a shape of cross.
In the reinforced soil practice, the large and small nodes have different frictional forces. When the filler tends to slide or subside, the geogrid bears unbalanced forces to offset a part of micro-deformation and improve the stability of the entire geogrid.
Further, the first node, the second node and the third node have the same thickness, and the side of each of the rectangles is parallel with or perpendicular to the length direction of the quaxial geogrid. In Fig. 3, the side of the rectangle is parallel with or perpendicular to the length direction of the quaxial geogrid. In Fig. 6, the side of the rectangle forms an angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the quaxial geogrid. So the two quaxial geogrids of Figs. 3 and 6 have different directions of tensile forces or forces acting on the filler.
Further, the second rib 51 is twisted, which also obviously increases the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler, and improves the shear resistance of the geogrid to the filler.
Further, the first node and the second node are provided with a mounting hole, i.e., the large node is provided with a mounting hole, to mount a counter weight or other functional element, so that the geogrid sinks underwater in the reclamation works; and a stereo geogrid effect is achieved so that the mounting and usage are more convenient.
Further, the first node and the second node have a larger area than the third node, the first node and the second node have the same area, and an area ratio of the first node to the third node is from 2.1:1 to 2.9:1 (e.g., 2.5:1). The top surface of each of the nodes is higher than the highest point of the top surface of each of the ribs, and the bottom surface of each of the nodes is lower than the lowest point of the bottom surface of each of the ribs. That is, each of the nodes protrudes from corresponding rib at either the top or the bottom. Thus the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler is increased from both the top and the bottom, thereby realizing a dual anti-sliding.
Further, as illustrated in Fig. 7, there is a separation transition area 211 with an increased thickness at the intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node.
Each of the separation transition areas is sectorial, which separates the connection of each of the adjacent ribs, and has a larger thickness than each of the ribs. The thickness suddenly increases at the separation transition area 211, and each of the separation transition areas has a larger thickness than each of the ribs. In the invention, each of the ribs is a tensile portion of the geogrid, and each of the nodes is a non-tensile or less-tensile portion of the geogrid. The separation transition area is formed at the intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node, i.e., the tensile portion and the non-tensile portion. The separation transition area of the invention ensures the tension of the rib, as well as the non-tension and the thickness of the node, thereby
In the reinforced soil practice, the large and small nodes have different frictional forces. When the filler tends to slide or subside, the geogrid bears unbalanced forces to offset a part of micro-deformation and improve the stability of the entire geogrid.
Further, the first node, the second node and the third node have the same thickness, and the side of each of the rectangles is parallel with or perpendicular to the length direction of the quaxial geogrid. In Fig. 3, the side of the rectangle is parallel with or perpendicular to the length direction of the quaxial geogrid. In Fig. 6, the side of the rectangle forms an angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the quaxial geogrid. So the two quaxial geogrids of Figs. 3 and 6 have different directions of tensile forces or forces acting on the filler.
Further, the second rib 51 is twisted, which also obviously increases the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler, and improves the shear resistance of the geogrid to the filler.
Further, the first node and the second node are provided with a mounting hole, i.e., the large node is provided with a mounting hole, to mount a counter weight or other functional element, so that the geogrid sinks underwater in the reclamation works; and a stereo geogrid effect is achieved so that the mounting and usage are more convenient.
Further, the first node and the second node have a larger area than the third node, the first node and the second node have the same area, and an area ratio of the first node to the third node is from 2.1:1 to 2.9:1 (e.g., 2.5:1). The top surface of each of the nodes is higher than the highest point of the top surface of each of the ribs, and the bottom surface of each of the nodes is lower than the lowest point of the bottom surface of each of the ribs. That is, each of the nodes protrudes from corresponding rib at either the top or the bottom. Thus the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler is increased from both the top and the bottom, thereby realizing a dual anti-sliding.
Further, as illustrated in Fig. 7, there is a separation transition area 211 with an increased thickness at the intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node.
Each of the separation transition areas is sectorial, which separates the connection of each of the adjacent ribs, and has a larger thickness than each of the ribs. The thickness suddenly increases at the separation transition area 211, and each of the separation transition areas has a larger thickness than each of the ribs. In the invention, each of the ribs is a tensile portion of the geogrid, and each of the nodes is a non-tensile or less-tensile portion of the geogrid. The separation transition area is formed at the intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node, i.e., the tensile portion and the non-tensile portion. The separation transition area of the invention ensures the tension of the rib, as well as the non-tension and the thickness of the node, thereby
6 coordinating the relation between the tensile portion and the non-tensile portion.
Further, each of the separation transition areas does not cross the separation transition area at the end of any adjacent rib, thus the non-tension of the node can be well controlled. Further, the adjacent separation transition areas cross each other, while the ribs do not cross each other.
As long as adjacent ribs do not cross each other, each of the nodes will not be drawn, thus enough tension of the rib can be ensured.
The invention can be made in the following method:
punching elliptical holes on a thermoplastic plastic sheet with a certain thickness so that the holes form a regular octagonal hole array (as shown in Fig. 4); drawing the material of a weekend area formed between the holes through a longitudinal tension, a horizontal tension or both of them; while the material of a relatively strengthened area formed among multiple holes can only be partially drawn, thereby finally forming the node. The tensile holes 81 opened in the invention are elliptical holes, which are arranged into a regular octagonal hole array and undergo a gradual longitudinal tension or horizontal tension, or both of them, thereby forming a material different from the existed plastic tensile reticulate structure, wherein each of the nodes has a larger thickness than each of the ribs.
The thickness of the thermoplastic plastic sheet is usually not less than 1 mm, but not more than 20 mm. The diameters of the major and minor axes of all the elliptical holes in the sheet usually range from 1 mm to 20 mm, and the distance between any two adjacent rows of holes shall be 0.1-5.0 times of the hole diameter. In consideration of the multiple relation between the longitudinal, horizontal and slanting tensions, elliptical holes are used and arranged at substantially 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction, so that the length of the slanted rib is equal or close to 1.414 times of the length of the longitudinal and horizontal ribs.
The above sheets form the reticular material as shown in Fig. 5 through a longitudinal tension, and then undergo a horizontal tension, or both a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, wherein the tensile multiple depends on the material (e.g., 6.0-10 times for polypropylene, and 4-8 times for polyethylene), but the tensile multiples in the two directions shall be substantially consistent with each other, or the tensile multiple in the longitudinal direction (the direction in which the tension is initially performed) is slightly larger so that a degree of loose resilience is available in the horizontal tension, thereby forming the reticular structure material having a substantially right triangle structure as shown in Fig. 6.
When the conventional square geogrid bears a slanted load, it shall transfer the load to the ribs through the node in two directions forming an angle of 90 , and the node will bear a very large torque, thus the node probably may be torn. In the invention, the reticular material having
Further, each of the separation transition areas does not cross the separation transition area at the end of any adjacent rib, thus the non-tension of the node can be well controlled. Further, the adjacent separation transition areas cross each other, while the ribs do not cross each other.
As long as adjacent ribs do not cross each other, each of the nodes will not be drawn, thus enough tension of the rib can be ensured.
The invention can be made in the following method:
punching elliptical holes on a thermoplastic plastic sheet with a certain thickness so that the holes form a regular octagonal hole array (as shown in Fig. 4); drawing the material of a weekend area formed between the holes through a longitudinal tension, a horizontal tension or both of them; while the material of a relatively strengthened area formed among multiple holes can only be partially drawn, thereby finally forming the node. The tensile holes 81 opened in the invention are elliptical holes, which are arranged into a regular octagonal hole array and undergo a gradual longitudinal tension or horizontal tension, or both of them, thereby forming a material different from the existed plastic tensile reticulate structure, wherein each of the nodes has a larger thickness than each of the ribs.
The thickness of the thermoplastic plastic sheet is usually not less than 1 mm, but not more than 20 mm. The diameters of the major and minor axes of all the elliptical holes in the sheet usually range from 1 mm to 20 mm, and the distance between any two adjacent rows of holes shall be 0.1-5.0 times of the hole diameter. In consideration of the multiple relation between the longitudinal, horizontal and slanting tensions, elliptical holes are used and arranged at substantially 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction, so that the length of the slanted rib is equal or close to 1.414 times of the length of the longitudinal and horizontal ribs.
The above sheets form the reticular material as shown in Fig. 5 through a longitudinal tension, and then undergo a horizontal tension, or both a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, wherein the tensile multiple depends on the material (e.g., 6.0-10 times for polypropylene, and 4-8 times for polyethylene), but the tensile multiples in the two directions shall be substantially consistent with each other, or the tensile multiple in the longitudinal direction (the direction in which the tension is initially performed) is slightly larger so that a degree of loose resilience is available in the horizontal tension, thereby forming the reticular structure material having a substantially right triangle structure as shown in Fig. 6.
When the conventional square geogrid bears a slanted load, it shall transfer the load to the ribs through the node in two directions forming an angle of 90 , and the node will bear a very large torque, thus the node probably may be torn. In the invention, the reticular material having
7 an approximate right triangle structure can directly transfer the load in more than three directions along the horizontal direction, the longitudinal direction and the 45 angle direction, respectively, and the angle is small, thus the node is not easy to be torn, and isotropy is nearly achieved.
Therefore, the force bearing structure of the invention is more reasonable.
The reticular structure materials of the invention formed by the sheet having the hole array through a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, or the reticular structure materials similar to those of the invention, vary due to different tensile multiples in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction. As for the hole of certain geometrical shape, the hole size and the hole array, hole distance variations in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction also influence the final shape of the reticular multi-direction structure material.
Thus, the reticular structure material of the invention includes, but not limited to, the plastic tensile reticular structure material corresponding to the hole type and the array illustrated herein.
The product as shown in Fig. 3 of the invention uses the regular octagonal hole array as shown in Fig. 1, the tensile process and principle are the same as or similar to those for manufacturing the product as showing in Fig. 6. The elliptical tensile holes 81 are also used, and the difference only lies in the tensile direction or the tensile parameter, and the hole type. For example, the thickness of the thermoplastic plastic sheet is usually not less than 1 mm, but not more than 20 mm. The diameters of the major and minor axes of all the elliptical holes in the sheet usually range from 1 mm to 20 mm, and the distance between any two adjacent rows of holes shall be 0.1-5.0 times of the hole diameter. In consideration of the multiple relation between the longitudinal, horizontal and slanting tensions, elliptical holes are used and arranged at substantially 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction, so that the length of the slanted rib is equal or close to 0.707 times of the length of the longitudinal and horizontal ribs.
The above sheets form the reticular material as shown in Fig. 2 through a longitudinal tension, and then undergo a horizontal tension, or both a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, wherein the tensile multiple depends on the material (e.g., 6.0-10 times for polypropylene, and 4-8 times for polyethylene), but the tensile multiples in the two directions shall be substantially consistent with each other, or the tensile multiple in the longitudinal direction (the direction in which the tension is initially performed) is slightly larger so that a degree of loose resilience is available in the horizontal tension, thereby forming the reticular structure material having a substantially right triangle structure as shown in Fig. 3 In the invention, the elliptical array is designed to adjust the longitudinal, horizontal and slanted ribs so as to generate similar or same tensile multiples in the tensile process. The invention uses the elliptical holes distributed in the slanted direction, thus solving the problem of
Therefore, the force bearing structure of the invention is more reasonable.
The reticular structure materials of the invention formed by the sheet having the hole array through a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, or the reticular structure materials similar to those of the invention, vary due to different tensile multiples in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction. As for the hole of certain geometrical shape, the hole size and the hole array, hole distance variations in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction also influence the final shape of the reticular multi-direction structure material.
Thus, the reticular structure material of the invention includes, but not limited to, the plastic tensile reticular structure material corresponding to the hole type and the array illustrated herein.
The product as shown in Fig. 3 of the invention uses the regular octagonal hole array as shown in Fig. 1, the tensile process and principle are the same as or similar to those for manufacturing the product as showing in Fig. 6. The elliptical tensile holes 81 are also used, and the difference only lies in the tensile direction or the tensile parameter, and the hole type. For example, the thickness of the thermoplastic plastic sheet is usually not less than 1 mm, but not more than 20 mm. The diameters of the major and minor axes of all the elliptical holes in the sheet usually range from 1 mm to 20 mm, and the distance between any two adjacent rows of holes shall be 0.1-5.0 times of the hole diameter. In consideration of the multiple relation between the longitudinal, horizontal and slanting tensions, elliptical holes are used and arranged at substantially 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction, so that the length of the slanted rib is equal or close to 0.707 times of the length of the longitudinal and horizontal ribs.
The above sheets form the reticular material as shown in Fig. 2 through a longitudinal tension, and then undergo a horizontal tension, or both a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, wherein the tensile multiple depends on the material (e.g., 6.0-10 times for polypropylene, and 4-8 times for polyethylene), but the tensile multiples in the two directions shall be substantially consistent with each other, or the tensile multiple in the longitudinal direction (the direction in which the tension is initially performed) is slightly larger so that a degree of loose resilience is available in the horizontal tension, thereby forming the reticular structure material having a substantially right triangle structure as shown in Fig. 3 In the invention, the elliptical array is designed to adjust the longitudinal, horizontal and slanted ribs so as to generate similar or same tensile multiples in the tensile process. The invention uses the elliptical holes distributed in the slanted direction, thus solving the problem of
8 the tensile ratio between the longitudinal, horizontal and slanted directions.
According to the above descriptions, the reticular structure materials of the invention formed by the sheet having the hole array through a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, or the reticular structure materials similar to those of the invention, vary due to different tensile multiples in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction. As for the hole of certain geometrical shape, the hole size and the hole array, hole distance variations in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction also influence the final shape of the reticular multi-direction structure material. Thus, the reticular structure material of the invention includes, but not limited to, the plastic tensile reticular structure material corresponding to the hole type and the array illustrated herein.
In the invention, the force bearing performance of the geogrid can be improved through the rib twist, the sudden change of the node thickness and non-tension, and the setting of the separation transition area. In the engineering practice of reinforced soil, a nearly stereo structure may be formed between the geogrid and the filler, and when the filler tends to slide, not only a plane frictional force but also a vertical resistance are generated, thus the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler is increased, the pulling force that makes the geogrid drop off is offset, and the geogrid is more difficult to drop off. As a result, the whole force bearing effect of the reinforced soil is improved, and the stability is increased.
The above descriptions are just exemplary embodiments of the invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention. The constituent parts of the invention can be combined once they are not conflicted to each other. Any equivalent change and modification made by a person skilled in the art without deviating from the conception or principle of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the invention.
According to the above descriptions, the reticular structure materials of the invention formed by the sheet having the hole array through a longitudinal tension and a horizontal tension, or the reticular structure materials similar to those of the invention, vary due to different tensile multiples in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction. As for the hole of certain geometrical shape, the hole size and the hole array, hole distance variations in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction also influence the final shape of the reticular multi-direction structure material. Thus, the reticular structure material of the invention includes, but not limited to, the plastic tensile reticular structure material corresponding to the hole type and the array illustrated herein.
In the invention, the force bearing performance of the geogrid can be improved through the rib twist, the sudden change of the node thickness and non-tension, and the setting of the separation transition area. In the engineering practice of reinforced soil, a nearly stereo structure may be formed between the geogrid and the filler, and when the filler tends to slide, not only a plane frictional force but also a vertical resistance are generated, thus the frictional force between the geogrid and the filler is increased, the pulling force that makes the geogrid drop off is offset, and the geogrid is more difficult to drop off. As a result, the whole force bearing effect of the reinforced soil is improved, and the stability is increased.
The above descriptions are just exemplary embodiments of the invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention. The constituent parts of the invention can be combined once they are not conflicted to each other. Any equivalent change and modification made by a person skilled in the art without deviating from the conception or principle of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the invention.
9
Claims (10)
1. A quaxial geogrid comprising: a plurality of nodes and a plurality of ribs, wherein the nodes and the ribs are connected to form a plurality of rectangular units, each of the rectangular units comprises four first nodes located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and a second node located at a diagonal intersection of the rectangle, wherein a line connecting two adjacent first nodes of the rectangle is a side of the rectangle, and each of the rectangular units further comprises a first rib located in the direction of a side of the rectangle to connect two adjacent first nodes, a third node located at a midpoint of each side of the rectangle, a second rib located at a diagonal of the rectangle, and a third rib passing through the second node and connecting the third nodes;
the nodes comprise the first node, the second node and the third node;
the ribs comprise the first rib, the second rib and the third rib; and the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs.
the nodes comprise the first node, the second node and the third node;
the ribs comprise the first rib, the second rib and the third rib; and the thickness of each of the nodes is larger than the thickness of each of the ribs.
2. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 1, wherein the first node and the second node have the same size and thickness.
3. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 2, wherein either of the areas of the first node and the second node is larger than that of the third node.
4. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 3, wherein the first node, the second node and the third node have the same thickness, and the side of each of the rectangles is parallel with or perpendicular to the length direction of the quaxial geogrid.
5. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 1, wherein the second rib is twisted, and the rectangular unit is square.
6. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 1, wherein the first node and the second node are provided with a mounting hole.
7. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 1, wherein an area ratio of the first node to the third node is from 2.1:1 to 2.9:1, a top surface of each of the nodes is higher than a highest point of a top surface of each of the ribs, and a bottom surface of each of the nodes is lower than a lowest point of a bottom surface of each of the ribs.
8. The quaxial geogrid according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein there is a separation transition area with an increased thickness at an intersection between each of the ribs and corresponding node, each of the separation transition areas is sectorial, which separates the connection of each of the adjacent ribs, and has a larger thickness than each of the ribs.
9. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 8, wherein each of the separation transition areas does not cross a separation transition area at an end of an adjacent rib.
10. The quaxial geogrid according to claim 8, wherein the adjacent separation transition areas cross each other, and the ribs do not cross each other.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320889118.5U CN203755288U (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Four-way grid |
| CN201320889118.5 | 2013-12-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2876092A1 CA2876092A1 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
| CA2876092C true CA2876092C (en) | 2017-03-21 |
Family
ID=51250584
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2876092A Active CA2876092C (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2014-12-30 | Quaxial geogrid |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203755288U (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2876092C (en) |
| NL (1) | NL2014003B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104746498B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2018-11-06 | 泰安现代塑料有限公司 | four-way grid |
| CN113932944A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳大学 | System and method for monitoring displacement, strain and temperature in soil |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101700697B (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2014-03-19 | 泰安现代塑料有限公司 | Multidirectional stressed plastic tensile grate, manufacturing method thereof and the plastic sheet |
| CN201546218U (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-08-11 | 南昌天高新材料股份有限公司 | Pre- punching board structure in omnidirectional earthwork grating manufacturing |
| CN201801795U (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-04-20 | 泰安路德工程材料有限公司 | Multidirectional stretching plastic geogrid |
| CN202690132U (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-01-23 | 泰安现代塑料有限公司 | Flame-retardant multi-direction mining grille |
-
2013
- 2013-12-31 CN CN201320889118.5U patent/CN203755288U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
-
2014
- 2014-12-18 NL NL2014003A patent/NL2014003B1/en active
- 2014-12-30 CA CA2876092A patent/CA2876092C/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL2014003A (en) | 2015-07-01 |
| NZ703458A (en) | 2016-02-26 |
| NL2014003B1 (en) | 2016-07-19 |
| CA2876092A1 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
| CN203755288U (en) | 2014-08-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101700697B (en) | Multidirectional stressed plastic tensile grate, manufacturing method thereof and the plastic sheet | |
| WO2015101287A1 (en) | Four-way grid | |
| CA2876092C (en) | Quaxial geogrid | |
| US8752349B2 (en) | Form system with lath covering | |
| US20140178636A1 (en) | Composite material and method of forming the same | |
| EP2158365A1 (en) | Cellular reinforcement for soil particle confinement | |
| CN2846506Y (en) | Convenient combined earthwork grid | |
| CN205152937U (en) | Geotechnique's check room with convex body structure worker check sheet | |
| CN215888183U (en) | High-performance four-way grille geotextile composite material | |
| US9227377B2 (en) | Mesh structure, production and uses thereof | |
| CN203755289U (en) | Three-dimensional grill | |
| NZ703458B (en) | Four-directional grating | |
| BR112016014009B1 (en) | STRING NET AND METHOD TO PRODUCE A STRING NET | |
| CN107143088B (en) | Anti die-cut concrete ten-shaped column plate node and concrete slab node | |
| CN102615817A (en) | Manufacturing method of spider web-like plastic geogrid and geogrid manufactured by manufacturing method | |
| KR20210004060A (en) | Ground reinforcement sheet comprising reinforcement column | |
| CN104746497B (en) | Three-dimensional grid | |
| CN105484276B (en) | A kind of high grid for being molded welding and forming node | |
| CN106884425B (en) | Four-way grating and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN206667220U (en) | four-way grid | |
| CN206789366U (en) | A kind of internal major diameter insulation mandrel that reinforcement structure is set | |
| CN202187332U (en) | Triangular mesh grid | |
| DE102011009868B4 (en) | Method for producing a cellular core layer for lightweight panels | |
| KR102270648B1 (en) | Retaining Wall Geogrid Fixing Apparatus | |
| CN102561297A (en) | Diamond multi-axial plastically-stretched geogrid and method for making same |