CA2856341C - Method for producing high-purity nickel sulfate - Google Patents
Method for producing high-purity nickel sulfate Download PDFInfo
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- CA2856341C CA2856341C CA2856341A CA2856341A CA2856341C CA 2856341 C CA2856341 C CA 2856341C CA 2856341 A CA2856341 A CA 2856341A CA 2856341 A CA2856341 A CA 2856341A CA 2856341 C CA2856341 C CA 2856341C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B23/0461—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
- C22B23/0469—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods by chemical substitution, e.g. by cementation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/10—Sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
Provided is a production method for obtaining high purity nickel sulfate having low levels of impurities, particularly low levels of magnesium and chloride, by adjusting the concentration of an extractant and the pH concentration at the time of treatment in a process of obtaining a nickel sulfate solution having a high nickel concentration by solvent extraction using an acidic organic extractant. The method includes treating an acidic solution containing nickel through at least the following steps of: a sulfurization step of adding a sulfurizing agent to the acidic solution containing nickel, and obtaining a precipitate of nickel sulfide and a solution after sulfurization; a redissolution step of preparing a slurry of the nickel sulfide obtained in the sulfurization step, adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry, and thereby obtaining a concentrated solution of nickel; a solution purification step of subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel obtained in the redissolution step to neutralization by addition of a neutralizing agent, and thereby obtaining a neutralized precipitate and a concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal thus produced; and a solvent extraction step of subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal obtained in the solution purification step, to solvent extraction, and obtaining a stripped liquid and a nickel sulfate solution.
Description
Original DESCRIPTION
METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY NICKEL SULFATE
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate which can be utilized in a field in which it is intended to obtain high purity nickel sulfate that can be used in a battery material with less impurities, particularly less magnesium, manganese and calcium, from an acidic solution containing nickel.
BACKGROUND ART
METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY NICKEL SULFATE
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate which can be utilized in a field in which it is intended to obtain high purity nickel sulfate that can be used in a battery material with less impurities, particularly less magnesium, manganese and calcium, from an acidic solution containing nickel.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Nickel is widely used as a material for stainless steel or corrosion-resistant alloys, and recently, nickel is also used to a large extent as a material for nickel hydrogen batteries or lithium ion batteries that are used in hybrid electric cars, mobile telephones, personal computers, and the like.
Nickel used in such a material is produced by mining mineral ores that exist in the form of sulfide ore or oxide ore, and smelting the mineral ores.
Nickel used in such a material is produced by mining mineral ores that exist in the form of sulfide ore or oxide ore, and smelting the mineral ores.
[0003] For example, as a method applicable in the case of treating sulfide ores, the ores are introduced into a furnace to melt, impurities are separated therefrom as slag, Original and thereby a matte of concentrated nickel is obtained.
This matte is dissolved in sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, impurities are separated from the dissolved solution to obtain a nickel solution, and a nickel salt such as nickel sulfate or nickel oxide is produced by techniques such as neutralization and crystallization. Alternatively, nickel metal may be produced by performing electrolytic winning or the like.
This matte is dissolved in sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, impurities are separated from the dissolved solution to obtain a nickel solution, and a nickel salt such as nickel sulfate or nickel oxide is produced by techniques such as neutralization and crystallization. Alternatively, nickel metal may be produced by performing electrolytic winning or the like.
[0004] On the other hand, as a method applicable in the case of treating oxide ores, for example, a process of heating and melting the ores together with a reducing agent such as cokes so as to separate the metal from slag, and obtaining ferronickel, which is an alloy of nickel and iron, to be used as a raw material of stainless steel, has been carried out.
[0005] However, such smelting methods all require large amounts of energy, and large cost and extensive efforts are required for the separation of impurities.
Particularly, in recent years, high quality ores have been depleted, and securement thereof is no longer easy.
As a result, the nickel level in the available ores tends to be lowered, and thus more cost and efforts are required now to obtain nickel from these low level raw materials.
Particularly, in recent years, high quality ores have been depleted, and securement thereof is no longer easy.
As a result, the nickel level in the available ores tends to be lowered, and thus more cost and efforts are required now to obtain nickel from these low level raw materials.
[0006] Thus, recently, a method of obtaining a nickel salt or nickel metal by subjecting low level oxide ores Original that have not been traditionally used as raw materials, to acid leaching at high temperature under pressure, and neutralizing the leached solution with an alkali such as slaked lime, has been developed.
This method is a technology capable of effectively utilizing low level resources with effective and relatively less energy; however, when it is intended to obtain nickel salts such as described above, new problems not found in conventional smelting methods are emerging.
This method is a technology capable of effectively utilizing low level resources with effective and relatively less energy; however, when it is intended to obtain nickel salts such as described above, new problems not found in conventional smelting methods are emerging.
[0007] For example, magnesium, manganese, and the like that are contained in ores are mostly distributed to the slag in the smelting method of using a furnace as described above, and the metals are distributed less to the matte.
As a result, the amount of incorporation thereof into nickel salts was limited to a very low level, and the incorporation hardly caused any problem.
On the contrary, in a smelting method using high temperature pressure leaching, magnesium or manganese is thoroughly leached by acid, and consequently, incorporation of the elements into nickel salts is also increased.
Furthermore, in the high temperature pressure leaching, an operation of adding an alkali to the leached slurry thus obtained to adjust the pH is carried out, but the influence of the incorporation of calcium that is used as a neutralizing agent to the nickel salts cannot be neglected.
Original Particularly, when nickel is used in a material for lithium ion batteries or nickel hydrogen batteries, if magnesium, calcium, or chloride ions are co-present, these ions largely affect the characteristics of a battery obtained as a final product. Therefore, high purity nickel salts in which the incorporation is excluded as much as possible from the stage of producing the nickel salts, are considered desirable.
As a result, the amount of incorporation thereof into nickel salts was limited to a very low level, and the incorporation hardly caused any problem.
On the contrary, in a smelting method using high temperature pressure leaching, magnesium or manganese is thoroughly leached by acid, and consequently, incorporation of the elements into nickel salts is also increased.
Furthermore, in the high temperature pressure leaching, an operation of adding an alkali to the leached slurry thus obtained to adjust the pH is carried out, but the influence of the incorporation of calcium that is used as a neutralizing agent to the nickel salts cannot be neglected.
Original Particularly, when nickel is used in a material for lithium ion batteries or nickel hydrogen batteries, if magnesium, calcium, or chloride ions are co-present, these ions largely affect the characteristics of a battery obtained as a final product. Therefore, high purity nickel salts in which the incorporation is excluded as much as possible from the stage of producing the nickel salts, are considered desirable.
[0008] However, in order to obtain nickel sulfate, which is one of nickel salts, with high purity, for example, a method of crystallizing nickel sulfate, such as by obtaining nickel first as metal according to a method such as electrolytic winning, dissolving this metal again in sulfuric acid, and then concentrating the dissolved liquid, may also be considered. However, in order to obtain metal, significant electric power and facilities of a corresponding scale are needed, so that when energy efficiency or cost is taken into consideration, the method is not an advantageous method.
[0009] Furthermore, ores containing nickel also simultaneously contain cobalt in many cases. Cobalt is also a valuable metal, and it is not necessary for cobalt to co-exist with nickel. Therefore, the metals are separated and respectively collected.
[0010] As an efficient and practical method for Original separating nickel and cobalt in a sulfuric acid solution, solvent extraction is used in many cases. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an example of separating nickel and cobalt by extracting cobalt by solvent extraction using trade name: PC88A (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as an extractant.
[0011] When PC88A
is used as this extractant, the behavior of extraction of magnesium or calcium is also similar to the behavior of nickel. Therefore, when a solution containing nickel at a high concentration is submitted to solvent extraction, there occurs a problem that the efficiency of separating magnesium or calcium is decreased, such as that the extraction efficiency of magnesium or calcium is decreased.
is used as this extractant, the behavior of extraction of magnesium or calcium is also similar to the behavior of nickel. Therefore, when a solution containing nickel at a high concentration is submitted to solvent extraction, there occurs a problem that the efficiency of separating magnesium or calcium is decreased, such as that the extraction efficiency of magnesium or calcium is decreased.
[0012] On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing an aqueous solution of high purity nickel which does not include any sodium or ammonia, from an aqueous nickel solution containing calcium, magnesium, cobalt and the like as impurities, by extracting and separating impurities in the aqueous nickel solution using an alkylphosphonic acid ester or an alkylphosphinic acid, each containing nickel, as an extractant.
[0013] According to the method suggested in Patent Document 2, in which nickel is extracted in advance into an organic solvent at a high pH, and this organic solvent Original containing the extracted nickel is brought into contact with the nickel solution containing impurities, there occurs an exchange reaction by which elements that are more likely to be extracted than nickel are transferred to an organic phase, while nickel in the organic solvent is transferred to an aqueous phase, and impurities in the nickel solution can be removed.
Furthermore, this is also effective as a method for preventing impurity elements such as sodium that are included in a pH adjusting agent, from being incorporated into the nickel solution and contaminating the product.
Furthermore, this is also effective as a method for preventing impurity elements such as sodium that are included in a pH adjusting agent, from being incorporated into the nickel solution and contaminating the product.
[0014] However, even in a liquid washing step for nickel sulfate as suggested in Patent Document 2, magnesium in the solution exhibits a behavior similar to that of nickel, and it has been difficult to remove magnesium.
[0015] Furthermore, in a case in which impurities such as iron or aluminum are included in a large amount in a nickel-containing material that serves as a raw material, if it is intended to separate these by methods such as neutralization, a large amount of neutralizing agents is required. Further, when impurities are precipitated, there is a possibility that valuable materials such as nickel and cobalt may also be co-precipitated and be lost. Thus, it has not been easy to perform an efficient operation.
[0016] Due to such reasons, there has been a demand for Original a practical method in which high purity nickel sulfate that has a low level of magnesium or chloride and can be used in a battery raw material can be efficiently obtained from a sulfuric acid acidic solution containing a large amount of metal ions of magnesium or the like, or chloride ions.
CITATION LIST
PATENT DOCUMENT
CITATION LIST
PATENT DOCUMENT
[0017] Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-310437 Patent Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-30135 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
[0018] In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate having a low level of impurities, particularly a low level of metal ions such as magnesium or chloride, by adjusting the concentration of an extractant and the pH concentration at the time of treatment in a step of obtaining a nickel sulfate solution with a high nickel concentration by solvent extraction using an acidic organic extractant.
Original SOLUTION TO PROBLEM
Original SOLUTION TO PROBLEM
[0019] A first aspect of the present invention for solving such a problem is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized by treating an acidic solution containing nickel through at least the following steps (1) to (4):
[Steps]
(1) Sulfurization step adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and obtaining a precipitate of nickel sulfide and a solution after sulfurization;
(2) Redissolution step preparing a slurry of the nickel sulfide obtained in (1) sulfurization step, adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry, and thereby obtaining a concentrated solution of nickel;
(3) Solution purification step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel obtained in (2) redissolution step, to neutralization by addition of a neutralizing agent, and thereby obtaining a neutralized precipitate and a concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal thus produced; and (4) Solvent extraction step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal obtained in (3) solution purification step, to Original solvent extraction, and thereby obtaining a stripped liquid and a nickel sulfate solution.
[Steps]
(1) Sulfurization step adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and obtaining a precipitate of nickel sulfide and a solution after sulfurization;
(2) Redissolution step preparing a slurry of the nickel sulfide obtained in (1) sulfurization step, adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry, and thereby obtaining a concentrated solution of nickel;
(3) Solution purification step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel obtained in (2) redissolution step, to neutralization by addition of a neutralizing agent, and thereby obtaining a neutralized precipitate and a concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal thus produced; and (4) Solvent extraction step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal obtained in (3) solution purification step, to Original solvent extraction, and thereby obtaining a stripped liquid and a nickel sulfate solution.
[0020] A second aspect of the present invention is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized in that the redissolution in the redissolution step according to the first aspect of the invention is carried out at a temperature in the range of from 60 C to 180 C.
[0021] A third aspect of the present invention is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized in that the oxidizing agent that is added in the redissolution step according to the first and second aspects of the invention is one or more oxidizing agents selected from air, oxygen, a hydrogen peroxide solution, and ozone gas.
[0022] A fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized in that the neutralization in the solution purification step according to the first to third aspects of the invention is carried out by adding an alkali as a neutralizing agent, and thereby adjusting the pH to the range of from 5.0 to 6Ø
[0023] A fifth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized in that the solvent extraction for the Original concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal in the solvent extraction step according to the first to fourth aspects of the invention is carried out using an acidic phosphoric acid ester-based extractant as an extractant.
[0024] A sixth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized in that the nickel sulfate solution obtained in the solvent extraction step according to the first to fifth aspects of the invention is subjected to a crystallization step to obtain nickel sulfate crystals.
[0025] A seventh aspect of the present invention is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized in that a preliminary sulfurization step of the following step (1a) is carried out before the sulfurization step according to the first to sixth aspects of the invention is carried out:
Step (1a): A preliminary sulfurization step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and sulfurizing in advance impurities that are more easily sulfurized than nickel to separate the impurities.
Step (1a): A preliminary sulfurization step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and sulfurizing in advance impurities that are more easily sulfurized than nickel to separate the impurities.
[0026] An eighth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, characterized in that the acidic solution containing nickel (also referred to as nickel-containing acidic solution) according to the first to seventh aspects of the invention Original is a solution obtained by adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid to any one or more of nickel oxide ore, nickel matte, nickel sulfide, mixed sulfide of nickel and cobalt, crude nickel sulfate produced from a copper smelting process, and nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, nickel carbonate, nickel powder, nickel metal, a nickel hydrogen battery, a lithium ion battery, and a defective product or a partly finished product generated in the production processes of those materials and thereby leaching nickel.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0027] (a) Nickel sulfate with a low magnesium level, which is adequate as a raw material for secondary batteries, can be obtained.
(b) High purity nickel sulfate can be obtained directly from an acidic solution obtained by acid leaching a nickel oxide ore.
(c) Even if the raw material level or the operation load fluctuates, nickel sulfate of stable quality can be obtained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
(b) High purity nickel sulfate can be obtained directly from an acidic solution obtained by acid leaching a nickel oxide ore.
(c) Even if the raw material level or the operation load fluctuates, nickel sulfate of stable quality can be obtained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0028] Fig. 1 is a process diagram illustrating an example of a method for producing high purity nickel Original sulfate.
Fig. 2 is a smelting process diagram illustrating a production process for nickel sulfate according to the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
Fig. 2 is a smelting process diagram illustrating a production process for nickel sulfate according to the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0029] Hereinafter, a method for producing high purity nickel sulfate of the present invention will be described.
The present invention is intended to obtain high purity nickel sulfate that can be used even in a raw material for nickel hydrogen batteries or lithium ion batteries, from sulfides containing metal ions of nickel, magnesium and the like.
Fig. 1 is a process diagram illustrating an example of the method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, and the process usually proceeds along the void arrow 1, from sulfurization by addition of a sulfurizing agent to a nickel solution containing nickel, and thus a high purity nickel sulfate solution is produced. During the production process, impurity elements are eliminated from nickel-containing materials by going through the processes surrounded by "broken lines", and are discharged out of the system as effluent or as an effluent precipitate. However, magnesium among the impurity elements exhibits a reaction behavior similar to that of nickel in a solution, and in Original this situation, removal of magnesium from the solution containing nickel is not sufficiently achieved.
The present invention is intended to obtain high purity nickel sulfate that can be used even in a raw material for nickel hydrogen batteries or lithium ion batteries, from sulfides containing metal ions of nickel, magnesium and the like.
Fig. 1 is a process diagram illustrating an example of the method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, and the process usually proceeds along the void arrow 1, from sulfurization by addition of a sulfurizing agent to a nickel solution containing nickel, and thus a high purity nickel sulfate solution is produced. During the production process, impurity elements are eliminated from nickel-containing materials by going through the processes surrounded by "broken lines", and are discharged out of the system as effluent or as an effluent precipitate. However, magnesium among the impurity elements exhibits a reaction behavior similar to that of nickel in a solution, and in Original this situation, removal of magnesium from the solution containing nickel is not sufficiently achieved.
[0030] Under such circumstances, for the acidic solution containing nickel that serves as a raw material used in the present invention, use can be made of a solution obtained by adding a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid to nickel oxide ore, nickel matte, nickel sulfide, mixed sulfide of nickel and cobalt, crude nickel sulfate produced in a copper smelting process, and a wide variety of materials containing nickel, including nickel chemical products such as nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, nickel carbonate, and nickel powder; nickel metal;
batteries such as a nickel hydrogen battery and a lithium ion battery; and an excess product or a defective product generated in the processes for producing batteries such as nickel hydrogen batteries or lithium ion batteries, and then leaching nickel.
batteries such as a nickel hydrogen battery and a lithium ion battery; and an excess product or a defective product generated in the processes for producing batteries such as nickel hydrogen batteries or lithium ion batteries, and then leaching nickel.
[0031] Even among such solutions obtained by leaching nickel, it is effective to use a solution in which magnesium, manganese and calcium in particular are accumulated or concentrated, or an acidic solution which uses the foregoing solution as a portion.
Furthermore, when the present invention is applied to a solution having high magnesium, manganese and calcium concentrations and a low nickel concentration, an attempt Original can be made to reduce the amount of the sulfurizing agent to cause precipitation of nickel in the form of sulfide, and thus it is economically efficient.
Furthermore, when the present invention is applied to a solution having high magnesium, manganese and calcium concentrations and a low nickel concentration, an attempt Original can be made to reduce the amount of the sulfurizing agent to cause precipitation of nickel in the form of sulfide, and thus it is economically efficient.
[0032] The present invention is characterized in that production is achieved through at least the following steps (1) to (4), and depending on the acidic solution state of the raw material, production of high purity nickel with higher efficiency can be achieved when the step of (la) is added.
[0033] [Production steps]
(1) Sulfurization step A sulfurization step is a step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and obtaining a precipitate of nickel sulfide and a solution after sulfurization.
(2) Redissolution step A redissolution step is a step of preparing a slurry of the nickel sulfide obtained in the sulfurization step of (1), adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry, and thereby obtaining a concentrated solution of nickel.
(3) Solution purification step A solution purification step is a step of subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel obtained in the redissolution step of (2), to a neutralization process by addition of a neutralizing agent, and thereby obtaining a Original neutralized precipitate and a concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal thus produced.
(4) Solvent extraction step A solvent extraction step is a step of subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal obtained in the solution purification step of (3) to solvent extraction, and obtaining a stripped liquid and a nickel sulfate solution.
(la) Preliminary sulfurization step A preliminary sulfurization step is a step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, sulfurizing in advance impurities that are more easily sulfurized than nickel, and thereby separating the impurities.
(1) Sulfurization step A sulfurization step is a step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and obtaining a precipitate of nickel sulfide and a solution after sulfurization.
(2) Redissolution step A redissolution step is a step of preparing a slurry of the nickel sulfide obtained in the sulfurization step of (1), adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry, and thereby obtaining a concentrated solution of nickel.
(3) Solution purification step A solution purification step is a step of subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel obtained in the redissolution step of (2), to a neutralization process by addition of a neutralizing agent, and thereby obtaining a Original neutralized precipitate and a concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal thus produced.
(4) Solvent extraction step A solvent extraction step is a step of subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal obtained in the solution purification step of (3) to solvent extraction, and obtaining a stripped liquid and a nickel sulfate solution.
(la) Preliminary sulfurization step A preliminary sulfurization step is a step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, sulfurizing in advance impurities that are more easily sulfurized than nickel, and thereby separating the impurities.
[0034] Hereinafter, the details of the various production processes will be described using Fig. 2. Fig.
2 is a diagram of the smelting process of the present invention.
(1) Sulfurization step [including the description for (la) preliminary sulfurization step]
In the first sulfurization step, sulfurization is carried out by adding a sulfurizing agent to the acidic solution containing nickel described above, and thereby nickel component in the acidic solution is precipitated as nickel sulfide.
Original This sulfurization can be carried out using a known method. For example, sulfurization can be carried out by adding a gaseous or liquid sulfurizing agent while measuring the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pH of the acidic solution.
2 is a diagram of the smelting process of the present invention.
(1) Sulfurization step [including the description for (la) preliminary sulfurization step]
In the first sulfurization step, sulfurization is carried out by adding a sulfurizing agent to the acidic solution containing nickel described above, and thereby nickel component in the acidic solution is precipitated as nickel sulfide.
Original This sulfurization can be carried out using a known method. For example, sulfurization can be carried out by adding a gaseous or liquid sulfurizing agent while measuring the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pH of the acidic solution.
[0035] At this time, elements that are prone to form sulfides, such as cobalt, zinc, copper, and lead, produce sulfides and precipitate in the same manner as nickel.
Therefore, in a case in which an acidic solution containing a large amount of impurities such as copper, zinc, and lead is used as a starting raw material, a preliminary sulfurization step (1a) of selectively separating in advance only impurities such as copper, zinc, and lead, by limiting the amount of addition of the sulfurizing agent to the extent that nickel does not precipitate, or strictly controlling the oxidation-reduction potential of the acidic solution, is carried out prior to the sulfurization step of sulfurizing nickel. Thereby, the load in the subsequent steps can be reduced, and thus it is preferable.
Therefore, in a case in which an acidic solution containing a large amount of impurities such as copper, zinc, and lead is used as a starting raw material, a preliminary sulfurization step (1a) of selectively separating in advance only impurities such as copper, zinc, and lead, by limiting the amount of addition of the sulfurizing agent to the extent that nickel does not precipitate, or strictly controlling the oxidation-reduction potential of the acidic solution, is carried out prior to the sulfurization step of sulfurizing nickel. Thereby, the load in the subsequent steps can be reduced, and thus it is preferable.
[0036] Meanwhile, when nickel is precipitated as sulfide, magnesium, manganese, calcium, chromium, aluminum, sodium, potassium and the like do not form sulfides, and remain in the solution, except for a portion that causes entrainment or attachment. Therefore, most of them can be separated from nickel.
Original
Original
[0037] There are no particular limitations on the sulfurizing agent to be used, but an agent that is easily available in a large amount, such as hydrogen sulfide gas, sodium hydrosulfide, or sodium sulfide, can be used.
[0038] The sulfurization temperature of the sulfurization step and the preliminary sulfurization step is not particularly limited, but the sulfurization temperature is preferably 40 C to 80 C.
If the temperature is lower than 40 C, the reaction time is excessively lengthened, and the facility capacity for securing the required throughput is increased.
Furthermore, if the temperature is higher than 80 C, since resin-based materials such as vinyl chloride and FRP, which are used in reaction vessels or piping, cannot be used, the material of the facilities is limited, and the investment on facilities is increased.
If the temperature is lower than 40 C, the reaction time is excessively lengthened, and the facility capacity for securing the required throughput is increased.
Furthermore, if the temperature is higher than 80 C, since resin-based materials such as vinyl chloride and FRP, which are used in reaction vessels or piping, cannot be used, the material of the facilities is limited, and the investment on facilities is increased.
[0039] After completion of sulfurization, nickel sulfide and the solution after sulfurization are subjected to solid-liquid separation.
The method for this solid-liquid separation is not particularly limited, and a solid-liquid separation apparatus to be used is not particularly limited, while a pressurized filtration apparatus, a suction filtration apparatus, a decanter, and the like can be used.
When a portion of nickel sulfide containing recovered Original nickel as a main component is repeatedly subjected to the sulfurization step as crystal seeds, the particle size of the sulfide can be increased, and attachment or entrainment of impurities can be suppressed.
The method for this solid-liquid separation is not particularly limited, and a solid-liquid separation apparatus to be used is not particularly limited, while a pressurized filtration apparatus, a suction filtration apparatus, a decanter, and the like can be used.
When a portion of nickel sulfide containing recovered Original nickel as a main component is repeatedly subjected to the sulfurization step as crystal seeds, the particle size of the sulfide can be increased, and attachment or entrainment of impurities can be suppressed.
[0040] (2) Redissolution step Next, a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is added to the sulfide obtained in sulfurization step of (1) to obtain slurry, subsequently an oxidizing agent is added thereto, and nickel is leached by being dissolved in acid again. At the time of this leaching, the process can be carried out by, for example, introducing the sulfide into a solution in which the concentration of sulfuric acid has been adjusted to 100 g/1 to 300 g/l, to produce slurry, and heating the slurry to 60 C to 100 C while adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry.
[0041] Furthermore, it is advantageous if a pressurized vessel such as an autoclave is used, and for example, a temperature of 160 C or higher is applied, since the sulfide can be rapidly dissolved. Additionally, when leaching is achieved at a temperature of 100 C or higher using a pressurized vessel, even if sulfuric acid such as described above is not added, sulfur of the sulfide is oxidized to produce sulfuric acid, and nickel sulfate can be easily obtained.
[0042] A higher leaching temperature allows the reaction Original to proceed more rapidly. Furthermore, when the leaching temperature is higher than 20000, the reaction proceeds even more rapidly, the iron that remains or is incorporated produces insoluble iron oxide, and can be efficiently separated from nickel.
However, a vessel of a material which endures a temperature exceeding 200 C is very expensive and increases the investment, and also requires the cost necessary for heating, or the expenses and efforts for maintenance.
Therefore, it is preferable to operate at a temperature of about 160 C to 180 C, at which the process can be handled conveniently at low cost.
However, a vessel of a material which endures a temperature exceeding 200 C is very expensive and increases the investment, and also requires the cost necessary for heating, or the expenses and efforts for maintenance.
Therefore, it is preferable to operate at a temperature of about 160 C to 180 C, at which the process can be handled conveniently at low cost.
[0043] (3) Solution purification step In the previous redissolution step of (2), impurities that have been entrained or attached to the sulfide are also eluted into the solution, but since the sulfide is fine, an unignorable amount of impurities are eluted in many cases.
Therefore, a solution containing impurities after the solid-liquid separation is subjected to a solution purification step of precipitating heavy metals such as iron and aluminum as a neutralized precipitate by a neutralization treatment of adding an alkali.
Therefore, a solution containing impurities after the solid-liquid separation is subjected to a solution purification step of precipitating heavy metals such as iron and aluminum as a neutralized precipitate by a neutralization treatment of adding an alkali.
[0044] When neutralization is carried out, it is preferable to adjust the target pH to the range of 5.0 to Original 6Ø If the pH is less than 5.0, removal of aluminum is insufficient, and if the pH is more than 6.0, even nickel begins to precipitate and is lost, which is not preferable.
The neutralizing agent to be used is not particularly limited, but sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or the like can be used.
The neutralizing agent to be used is not particularly limited, but sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or the like can be used.
[0045] (4) Solvent extraction step Next, the acidic solution obtained by acid leaching nickel sulfide contains cobalt that has a chemical behavior similar to that of nickel, but since cobalt exists even after the solution purification step, separation thereof is necessary.
It is effective to carry out separation of nickel and cobalt by performing solvent extraction of the solution that has passed through the solution purification step.
Regarding the extractant used in the solvent extraction, an acidic phosphoric acid ester-based extractant can be used.
It is effective to carry out separation of nickel and cobalt by performing solvent extraction of the solution that has passed through the solution purification step.
Regarding the extractant used in the solvent extraction, an acidic phosphoric acid ester-based extractant can be used.
[0046] When the various steps described above are carried out, magnesium, manganese, and calcium can be selectively discharged from the system of the process for producing nickel sulfate, accumulation of impurities in the production process is suppressed, and high purity nickel sulfate can be produced.
Furthermore, the high purity nickel sulfate produced Original according to the present invention can be provided in the form of a nickel sulfate solution, or can be provided as nickel sulfate crystals formed by using a general crystallization method such as crystallization or spray drying.
Furthermore, the high purity nickel sulfate produced Original according to the present invention can be provided in the form of a nickel sulfate solution, or can be provided as nickel sulfate crystals formed by using a general crystallization method such as crystallization or spray drying.
[0047] Furthermore, in the present invention, the raffinate in the solvent extraction step of (4) is neutralized by adding an alkali, impurities such as magnesium are separated by causing them to precipitate, and the liquid obtained after the separation may be recycled as an undiluted liquid for the process of re-leaching nickel sulfide. As such, when the liquid obtained after separating impurities is repeatedly used, an increase in the amount of liquid in the process can be suppressed, and at the same time, the load of the removal of impurities at the effluent treatment process can be reduced.
In regard to the neutralization at the effluent treatment process, it is preferable to adjust the pH to the range of about 7.5 to 9.
[00481 Furthermore, similarly, a method of adding an alkali to the solution after sulfurization that is obtainable after sulfurizing an acidic solution, thereby separating impurities that did not produce any precipitate in the sulfurization step, and subjecting a solution after neutralization thus obtained to an effluent treatment, can Original also be used.
EXAMPLES
[0049] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described using Examples.
Example 1 [0050] [Sulfurization step]
400 ml of a sulfuric acid acidic solution containing nickel at the composition indicated in Table 1 was isolated, and the temperature of the solution was maintained at 40 C
using a water bath. While the solution was stirred at 300 rpm using a stirrer, a sulfurizing agent was added thereto.
Meanwhile, for the sulfurizing agent, a solution obtained by dissolving sodium sulfide nonahydrate in water and adjusting the concentration to 500 g/L, was used.
[0051] During this sulfurization reaction, the pH was maintained at 3.0 by adding sulfuric acid at a concentration of 500 g/L. Subsequently, 136 ml of a sodium sulfide solution was added thereto, and then the slurry was sampled while being stirred. The sample was filtered, and then a quantitative analysis of various elements was carried out by ICP emission spectroscopy.
[0052] In the solution after sulfurization, as shown in Table 1, 99% or more of nickel and cobalt was precipitated, while the amount of magnesium or calcium that was separated Original from solution was as small as less than 3%, with most of magnesium or calcium remaining in the solution. Thus, it was found that magnesium or calcium can be separated by sulfurization.
[0053] [Table 1]
Amount of Ni Co Mg Ca Solution [g/L] [g/L] [g/L] [g/L] Mg/Ni [ml]
Sulfuric acid acidic 400 27 6.7 0.46 0.36 0.017 solution solution after 519 0.001 0.001 0.35 0.27 350 sulfurization [0054] [Redissolution step]
Next, 200 Dry-g of the nickel sulfide obtained in the sulfurization step (composition thereof is indicated in Table 2) was isolated, and one liter of a mixed sulfide slurry having a slurry concentration of about 200 g/L was produced by adding pure water to the nickel sulfide.
[0055] [Table 2]
Ni Co Cu Fe Cr Ni sulfide 55.6 4.0 0.002 0.32 0.013 35.0 [unit: %]
[0056] The mixed sulfide slurry thus produced was charged into an autoclave apparatus, and the mixed sulfide slurry was heated while stirred with a stirrer at 750 to 1000 rotations per minute to thereby maintain the temperature inside the container at 160 C to 170 C. In that Original state, pure oxygen was blown in from an oxygen bomb at a flow rate of 0.43 liters per minute over 4 hours, and thus the mixed sulfide was redissolved. In the middle of the course, small amounts of samples were taken from the container after the passage of 2.5 hours and 3.3 hours.
After completion of blowing for 4 hours and the reaction of redissolution, the autoclave was cooled, and the leached slurry was removed and filtered through a Nutsche filter to separate the slurry into leaching residue and a concentrated solution of nickel.
[0057] The composition of the concentrated solution of nickel thus obtained was as follows: Ni: 120 g/L, Co: 8 g/L, and Fe: 210 mg/L.
When the leaching ratio of nickel in the mixed sulfide charged is calculated from the analytic values of the residue, leaching has occurred thoroughly with a leaching ratio of 99% or higher in all cases. Particularly, leaching could be achieved at a ratio of 99.9% by performing leaching at 170 C for 4 hours.
The changes in the nickel leaching ratio with the reaction time at the respective temperatures and applied pressures are presented in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, it was found that a nickel leaching ratio of 99%
or higher may be obtained even for a reaction time of about from 2.5 hours to 3.3 hours.
Original [0058] [Table 3]
Temperature Total pressure Reaction time Ni leaching [ C] [MPal [Hr] ratio [%]
2.5 99.1 170 1.79 3.3 99.7 4.0 99.9 3.3 160 1.62 99.1 ,4.0 99.5 Oxygen partial pressure: 0.21 [MPa], slurry concentration:
200 g/L
[0059] [Solution purification step]
Next, slaked lime was added to the concentrated solution of nickel thus obtained, the pH was adjusted to the range of 5.0 to 6.0, and the resultant was used as a solution after purification. After this adjustment, the filter cake and a Nutsche filter were used to perform solid-liquid separation into a solution after neutralization (concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal) and a neutralized precipitate. These were analyzed by ICP.
The results are presented in Table 4, and it could be confirmed that iron, chromium, copper, aluminum, and the like that are co-present in the concentrated solution of nickel can be effectively reduced by neutralization.
[0060] [Table 4]
Ni Co Fe Cr Cu Zn Mn Al Pb Ca = Mg Na Cl Concentrated solution of 120 8 210 21 9 10 18 8 7 4 14 2 20 nickel Solution 110 8 3 <1 1 8 19 <1 after Original purification Unit: Ni, Co [g/L], others [mg/L]
[0061] [Solvent extraction step]
Subsequently, 100 ml of the solution after purification obtained after pH adjustment was isolated into a separatory funnel, and an organic solvent from which nickel had been extracted in advance was added thereto such that the volume ratio between the organics (0) and the solution (A) would be 0/A = 3.5.
Meanwhile, for the organic solvent described above, an organic solvent obtained by mixing an acidic phosphoric acid ester-based extractant ("trade name: PC-88A"
manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) with a diluent ("trade name: TECLEAN N20" manufactured by JX
Nippon Oil & Energy Corp.) at a volume ratio of 20 : 80, bringing this into contact with a nickel sulfate solution, and thereby adjusting the nickel concentration in the organic solvent to 15 g/L, was used.
[0062] Next, the separatory funnel to which the organic solvent and the solution after purification had been introduced, was shaken for 10 minutes, and left to stand, and then the mixture was separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase after extraction. Through this extraction operation, components other than nickel, such as magnesium and cobalt, are extracted into the organic Original solvent, and nickel contained in the organic solvent in advance is transferred to the nickel sulfate solution at a proportion corresponding to the components other than nickel.
[0063] Subsequently, 100 ml of a sulfuric acid solution with the pH adjusted to the range of 4 to 4.5 was added to the organic phase after extraction, the mixture was shaken, and components other than nickel that were contained in the organic solvent were stripped. Thereby, an organic solvent after the stripping and a stripped liquid were obtained.
As a result, as can be seen from Table 5, a high purity nickel sulfate solution in which the amount of presence of magnesium with respect to nickel had been decreased to one-sixth, could be obtained.
[0064] [Table 5]
Ni Co Mg pH Mg/Ni [g/L] [g/L] [g/L]
Solutionafter 5.4 105 9 0.25 0.0024 purification Nickel sulfate 4.3 124 <0.001 0.05 0.0004 solution Example 2 [0065] [Preliminary sulfurization step]
1800 ml of a nickel-containing sulfuric acid acidic solution containing copper and zinc at the composition indicated in Table 6 was isolated, and the temperature of the solution was maintained at 60 C using a heater. While Original the solution was stirred at 300 rpm using a stirrer, a sulfurizing agent was added thereto. Meanwhile, hydrogen sulfide gas was used as the sulfurizing agent. A sealable vessel was used for the reaction.
[0066] Hydrogen sulfide was added in an amount of 2.3 equivalents with respect to the copper and zinc contained in the solution. The slurry obtained after the reaction was sampled and filtered, and then a quantitative analysis of various elements was carried out by ICP emission spectroscopy.
[0067] In a solution after preliminary sulfurization, as can be seen from Table 6, 99% or more of copper and 80% or more of zinc were precipitated, while most of nickel remained in the solution after preliminary sulfurization.
Thus, it was found that copper and zinc could be separated by preliminary sulfurization.
[0068] [Table 6]
Amount of Equivalent of addition of , n ORP Ni Zn Cu ri23 H2S (Zn+Cu) pH [mV] [g/L] [g/L] [g/L]
[moll 0 0 3.15 386 10.0 0.40 0.20 0.006 0.38 2.65 276 10.2 0.40 0.036 0.011 0.73 2.74 214 10.2 0.40 0.003 0.014 0.91 2.7 160 10.2 0.40 <0.001 0.015 1.01 2.62 100 10.2 0.40 0.006 0.016 1.07 2.74 -41 10.3 0.40 0.002 0.019 1.28 2.69 -79 10.3 0.36 <0.001 0.025 1.66 2.48 -69 10.3 0.22 <0.001 0.033 2.26 2.32 -64 10.4 0.073 <0.001 [0069] In the following, this solution after preliminary Original sulfurization was used as a nickel-containing acidic solution, and a nickel sulfate solution having a composition as indicated in Table 6 was produced by the same procedure as in Example 1.
From Table 6, it was found that a high purity nickel sulfate solution may be obtained from a nickel-containing acidic solution containing large amounts of copper and zinc of the raw materials.
[0070] (Comparative Example 1) A hydrochloric acid acidic solution prepared by leaching a mixed sulfide obtained by subjecting nickel and cobalt together with sulfur to sulfidizing roasting, by a known method of using chlorine gas, was subjected to a solvent extraction process under the same conditions as in Example 1, and was stripped. Thus, a nickel sulfate solution having the composition indicated in Table 7 was obtained.
The levels of impurities such as copper, magnesium, and chloride ion were all higher compared to the case of the present invention indicated in Table 4.
[0071] [Table 7]
Ni Co Fe Cr Cu Zn Mn Al Pb Ca Mg Na Cl Nickel sulfate 106 23 43 5 1500 15 400 28 35 480 270 37 160 solution Unit: Ni, Co [g/L], others {mg/L]
[0072] That is, it was understood that according to the Original present invention using a sulfurization step, a high purity nickel sulfate solution having low levels of the impurities described above may be obtained.
In regard to the neutralization at the effluent treatment process, it is preferable to adjust the pH to the range of about 7.5 to 9.
[00481 Furthermore, similarly, a method of adding an alkali to the solution after sulfurization that is obtainable after sulfurizing an acidic solution, thereby separating impurities that did not produce any precipitate in the sulfurization step, and subjecting a solution after neutralization thus obtained to an effluent treatment, can Original also be used.
EXAMPLES
[0049] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described using Examples.
Example 1 [0050] [Sulfurization step]
400 ml of a sulfuric acid acidic solution containing nickel at the composition indicated in Table 1 was isolated, and the temperature of the solution was maintained at 40 C
using a water bath. While the solution was stirred at 300 rpm using a stirrer, a sulfurizing agent was added thereto.
Meanwhile, for the sulfurizing agent, a solution obtained by dissolving sodium sulfide nonahydrate in water and adjusting the concentration to 500 g/L, was used.
[0051] During this sulfurization reaction, the pH was maintained at 3.0 by adding sulfuric acid at a concentration of 500 g/L. Subsequently, 136 ml of a sodium sulfide solution was added thereto, and then the slurry was sampled while being stirred. The sample was filtered, and then a quantitative analysis of various elements was carried out by ICP emission spectroscopy.
[0052] In the solution after sulfurization, as shown in Table 1, 99% or more of nickel and cobalt was precipitated, while the amount of magnesium or calcium that was separated Original from solution was as small as less than 3%, with most of magnesium or calcium remaining in the solution. Thus, it was found that magnesium or calcium can be separated by sulfurization.
[0053] [Table 1]
Amount of Ni Co Mg Ca Solution [g/L] [g/L] [g/L] [g/L] Mg/Ni [ml]
Sulfuric acid acidic 400 27 6.7 0.46 0.36 0.017 solution solution after 519 0.001 0.001 0.35 0.27 350 sulfurization [0054] [Redissolution step]
Next, 200 Dry-g of the nickel sulfide obtained in the sulfurization step (composition thereof is indicated in Table 2) was isolated, and one liter of a mixed sulfide slurry having a slurry concentration of about 200 g/L was produced by adding pure water to the nickel sulfide.
[0055] [Table 2]
Ni Co Cu Fe Cr Ni sulfide 55.6 4.0 0.002 0.32 0.013 35.0 [unit: %]
[0056] The mixed sulfide slurry thus produced was charged into an autoclave apparatus, and the mixed sulfide slurry was heated while stirred with a stirrer at 750 to 1000 rotations per minute to thereby maintain the temperature inside the container at 160 C to 170 C. In that Original state, pure oxygen was blown in from an oxygen bomb at a flow rate of 0.43 liters per minute over 4 hours, and thus the mixed sulfide was redissolved. In the middle of the course, small amounts of samples were taken from the container after the passage of 2.5 hours and 3.3 hours.
After completion of blowing for 4 hours and the reaction of redissolution, the autoclave was cooled, and the leached slurry was removed and filtered through a Nutsche filter to separate the slurry into leaching residue and a concentrated solution of nickel.
[0057] The composition of the concentrated solution of nickel thus obtained was as follows: Ni: 120 g/L, Co: 8 g/L, and Fe: 210 mg/L.
When the leaching ratio of nickel in the mixed sulfide charged is calculated from the analytic values of the residue, leaching has occurred thoroughly with a leaching ratio of 99% or higher in all cases. Particularly, leaching could be achieved at a ratio of 99.9% by performing leaching at 170 C for 4 hours.
The changes in the nickel leaching ratio with the reaction time at the respective temperatures and applied pressures are presented in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, it was found that a nickel leaching ratio of 99%
or higher may be obtained even for a reaction time of about from 2.5 hours to 3.3 hours.
Original [0058] [Table 3]
Temperature Total pressure Reaction time Ni leaching [ C] [MPal [Hr] ratio [%]
2.5 99.1 170 1.79 3.3 99.7 4.0 99.9 3.3 160 1.62 99.1 ,4.0 99.5 Oxygen partial pressure: 0.21 [MPa], slurry concentration:
200 g/L
[0059] [Solution purification step]
Next, slaked lime was added to the concentrated solution of nickel thus obtained, the pH was adjusted to the range of 5.0 to 6.0, and the resultant was used as a solution after purification. After this adjustment, the filter cake and a Nutsche filter were used to perform solid-liquid separation into a solution after neutralization (concentrated solution of nickel after iron removal) and a neutralized precipitate. These were analyzed by ICP.
The results are presented in Table 4, and it could be confirmed that iron, chromium, copper, aluminum, and the like that are co-present in the concentrated solution of nickel can be effectively reduced by neutralization.
[0060] [Table 4]
Ni Co Fe Cr Cu Zn Mn Al Pb Ca = Mg Na Cl Concentrated solution of 120 8 210 21 9 10 18 8 7 4 14 2 20 nickel Solution 110 8 3 <1 1 8 19 <1 after Original purification Unit: Ni, Co [g/L], others [mg/L]
[0061] [Solvent extraction step]
Subsequently, 100 ml of the solution after purification obtained after pH adjustment was isolated into a separatory funnel, and an organic solvent from which nickel had been extracted in advance was added thereto such that the volume ratio between the organics (0) and the solution (A) would be 0/A = 3.5.
Meanwhile, for the organic solvent described above, an organic solvent obtained by mixing an acidic phosphoric acid ester-based extractant ("trade name: PC-88A"
manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) with a diluent ("trade name: TECLEAN N20" manufactured by JX
Nippon Oil & Energy Corp.) at a volume ratio of 20 : 80, bringing this into contact with a nickel sulfate solution, and thereby adjusting the nickel concentration in the organic solvent to 15 g/L, was used.
[0062] Next, the separatory funnel to which the organic solvent and the solution after purification had been introduced, was shaken for 10 minutes, and left to stand, and then the mixture was separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase after extraction. Through this extraction operation, components other than nickel, such as magnesium and cobalt, are extracted into the organic Original solvent, and nickel contained in the organic solvent in advance is transferred to the nickel sulfate solution at a proportion corresponding to the components other than nickel.
[0063] Subsequently, 100 ml of a sulfuric acid solution with the pH adjusted to the range of 4 to 4.5 was added to the organic phase after extraction, the mixture was shaken, and components other than nickel that were contained in the organic solvent were stripped. Thereby, an organic solvent after the stripping and a stripped liquid were obtained.
As a result, as can be seen from Table 5, a high purity nickel sulfate solution in which the amount of presence of magnesium with respect to nickel had been decreased to one-sixth, could be obtained.
[0064] [Table 5]
Ni Co Mg pH Mg/Ni [g/L] [g/L] [g/L]
Solutionafter 5.4 105 9 0.25 0.0024 purification Nickel sulfate 4.3 124 <0.001 0.05 0.0004 solution Example 2 [0065] [Preliminary sulfurization step]
1800 ml of a nickel-containing sulfuric acid acidic solution containing copper and zinc at the composition indicated in Table 6 was isolated, and the temperature of the solution was maintained at 60 C using a heater. While Original the solution was stirred at 300 rpm using a stirrer, a sulfurizing agent was added thereto. Meanwhile, hydrogen sulfide gas was used as the sulfurizing agent. A sealable vessel was used for the reaction.
[0066] Hydrogen sulfide was added in an amount of 2.3 equivalents with respect to the copper and zinc contained in the solution. The slurry obtained after the reaction was sampled and filtered, and then a quantitative analysis of various elements was carried out by ICP emission spectroscopy.
[0067] In a solution after preliminary sulfurization, as can be seen from Table 6, 99% or more of copper and 80% or more of zinc were precipitated, while most of nickel remained in the solution after preliminary sulfurization.
Thus, it was found that copper and zinc could be separated by preliminary sulfurization.
[0068] [Table 6]
Amount of Equivalent of addition of , n ORP Ni Zn Cu ri23 H2S (Zn+Cu) pH [mV] [g/L] [g/L] [g/L]
[moll 0 0 3.15 386 10.0 0.40 0.20 0.006 0.38 2.65 276 10.2 0.40 0.036 0.011 0.73 2.74 214 10.2 0.40 0.003 0.014 0.91 2.7 160 10.2 0.40 <0.001 0.015 1.01 2.62 100 10.2 0.40 0.006 0.016 1.07 2.74 -41 10.3 0.40 0.002 0.019 1.28 2.69 -79 10.3 0.36 <0.001 0.025 1.66 2.48 -69 10.3 0.22 <0.001 0.033 2.26 2.32 -64 10.4 0.073 <0.001 [0069] In the following, this solution after preliminary Original sulfurization was used as a nickel-containing acidic solution, and a nickel sulfate solution having a composition as indicated in Table 6 was produced by the same procedure as in Example 1.
From Table 6, it was found that a high purity nickel sulfate solution may be obtained from a nickel-containing acidic solution containing large amounts of copper and zinc of the raw materials.
[0070] (Comparative Example 1) A hydrochloric acid acidic solution prepared by leaching a mixed sulfide obtained by subjecting nickel and cobalt together with sulfur to sulfidizing roasting, by a known method of using chlorine gas, was subjected to a solvent extraction process under the same conditions as in Example 1, and was stripped. Thus, a nickel sulfate solution having the composition indicated in Table 7 was obtained.
The levels of impurities such as copper, magnesium, and chloride ion were all higher compared to the case of the present invention indicated in Table 4.
[0071] [Table 7]
Ni Co Fe Cr Cu Zn Mn Al Pb Ca Mg Na Cl Nickel sulfate 106 23 43 5 1500 15 400 28 35 480 270 37 160 solution Unit: Ni, Co [g/L], others {mg/L]
[0072] That is, it was understood that according to the Original present invention using a sulfurization step, a high purity nickel sulfate solution having low levels of the impurities described above may be obtained.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing high purity nickel sulfate, the method comprising treating an acidic solution containing nickel through at least the following steps (1) to (4):
[Steps]
(1) Sulfurization step adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and obtaining a precipitate of nickel sulfide and a solution after sulfurization;
(2) Redissolution step preparing a slurry of the nickel sulfide obtained in the sulfurization step of (1), adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry, and thereby obtaining a concentrated solution of nickel;
(3) Solution purification step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel obtained in the redissolution step of (2), to neutralization by addition of a neutralizing agent, and thereby obtaining a neutralized precipitate and a concentrated solution of nickel which underwent iron removal; and (4) Solvent extraction step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel which underwent iron removal obtained in the solution purification step of (3), to solvent extraction, and thereby obtaining a stripped liquid and a nickel sulfate solution.
[Steps]
(1) Sulfurization step adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and obtaining a precipitate of nickel sulfide and a solution after sulfurization;
(2) Redissolution step preparing a slurry of the nickel sulfide obtained in the sulfurization step of (1), adding an oxidizing agent to the slurry, and thereby obtaining a concentrated solution of nickel;
(3) Solution purification step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel obtained in the redissolution step of (2), to neutralization by addition of a neutralizing agent, and thereby obtaining a neutralized precipitate and a concentrated solution of nickel which underwent iron removal; and (4) Solvent extraction step subjecting the concentrated solution of nickel which underwent iron removal obtained in the solution purification step of (3), to solvent extraction, and thereby obtaining a stripped liquid and a nickel sulfate solution.
2. The method for producing high purity nickel sulfate according to claim 1, wherein the redissolution in the redissolution step of (2) is carried out at a temperature in the range of from 60°C to 180°C.
3. The method for producing high purity nickel sulfate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxidizing agent that is added in the redissolution step of (2) is at least one oxidizing agent selected from air, oxygen, a hydrogen peroxide solution, and ozone gas.
4. The method for producing high purity nickel sulfate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the neutralization in the solution purification step of (3) is carried out by adding an alkali as a neutralizing agent and thereby adjusting the pH to the range of from 5.0 to 6Ø
5. The method for producing high purity nickel sulfate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the solvent extraction for the concentrated solution of nickel which underwent iron removal in the solvent extraction step of (4) is carried out using an acidic phosphoric acid ester-based extractant as an extractant.
6. The method for producing high purity nickel sulfate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the nickel sulfate solution obtained in the solvent extraction step of (4) is converted to nickel sulfate crystals through a crystallization step.
7. The method for producing high purity nickel sulfate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein before the sulfurization step of (1) is carried out, the following step (1a), a preliminary sulfurization step, is carried out:
Step (1a); a preliminary sulfurization step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and preliminarily sulfurizing impurities that are more easily sulfurized than nickel to separate the impurities.
Step (1a); a preliminary sulfurization step of adding a sulfurizing agent to an acidic solution containing nickel, and preliminarily sulfurizing impurities that are more easily sulfurized than nickel to separate the impurities.
8. The method for producing high purity nickel sulfate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the acidic solution containing nickel is a solution obtained by adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid to any one or more of nickel oxide ore, nickel matte, nickel sulfide, mixed sulfide of nickel and cobalt, crude nickel sulfate produced by a copper smelting process, and nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, nickel carbonate, nickel powder, nickel metal, a nickel hydrogen battery, a lithium ion battery, and defective products or partly finished products generated in the production processes thereof; and thereby leaching nickel.
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| PCT/JP2012/079985 WO2013077296A1 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2012-11-19 | Method for producing high-purity nickel sulfate |
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| CN101824550B (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2012-05-23 | 姚龚斌 | High-purity nickel extraction and purification process |
| JP2011032149A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Method for producing crude nickel sulfate solution |
| CN102040252A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-05-04 | 中科铜都粉体新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing battery-level refined nickel sulfate with electrolyte |
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| EP2784166A4 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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| US9017640B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
| EP2784166A1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
| CA2856341A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
| AU2012341556A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
| WO2013077296A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
| CN107032417A (en) | 2017-08-11 |
| CN103946401A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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