CA2820101A1 - Detector system of slickline irregularities - Google Patents
Detector system of slickline irregularities Download PDFInfo
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- CA2820101A1 CA2820101A1 CA 2820101 CA2820101A CA2820101A1 CA 2820101 A1 CA2820101 A1 CA 2820101A1 CA 2820101 CA2820101 CA 2820101 CA 2820101 A CA2820101 A CA 2820101A CA 2820101 A1 CA2820101 A1 CA 2820101A1
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000735215 Lepidocybium flavobrunneum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9013—Arrangements for scanning
- G01N27/9026—Arrangements for scanning by moving the material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Detector of Slickline Irregularities (DILA) is a comprehensive electronic system to proactively detect and assess irregularities presented by slickline due to interventions in the field (production wells) or to a new slickline. It is governed by the principle of eddy currents or eddies or Foucault currents.
This comprehensive electronic system allows to detect and assess irregularities of slickline used in interventions in oil wells. It is noteworthy to mention that these lines can vary in diameter depending on the operation to be performed on each well. It comprises: optical encoder, eddy current sensor, eddy current reader, an electronic module for data acquisition and a personal computer.
DILA allows to obtain an electronic record by monitoring of the integrity of the slickline used in well service operations, allows interpretation of the data for graphing and keeping records for later use, providing reliability and security to the scanned line. It helps to reduce failures in the slickline as a result of rupture due to deformations for excessive stresses or collisions, which are created within the producing wells, it detects flattening and bending, lack of nickel coating (darkest areas on slickline) porosity and corrosion probably due to acid attack on line during downhole operations.
This comprehensive electronic system allows to detect and assess irregularities of slickline used in interventions in oil wells. It is noteworthy to mention that these lines can vary in diameter depending on the operation to be performed on each well. It comprises: optical encoder, eddy current sensor, eddy current reader, an electronic module for data acquisition and a personal computer.
DILA allows to obtain an electronic record by monitoring of the integrity of the slickline used in well service operations, allows interpretation of the data for graphing and keeping records for later use, providing reliability and security to the scanned line. It helps to reduce failures in the slickline as a result of rupture due to deformations for excessive stresses or collisions, which are created within the producing wells, it detects flattening and bending, lack of nickel coating (darkest areas on slickline) porosity and corrosion probably due to acid attack on line during downhole operations.
Description
DETECTOR SYSTEM OF SLICKLINE IRREGULARITIES
DESCRIPTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention named "Detector of Slickline Irregularities" ("DILA" for its acronym in Spanish) is within the field of the instruments used to measure or determine abnormalities in the slickline used to operate oil wells.
BACKGROUND
Among the many activities that take place in an oil well, there are those undertaken by Slickline area, which with a Motor Unit in which a spool is installed with a steel line (wire) with special tech specs, performs mechanical works as installation and removal of tools, bottom inspections, etc.
Slickline area, belonging to the Operative Base for Servicing Wells, operates mobile units carrying a slickline spool of special features in terms of geometry, strength, hardness and composition.
Due to the nature of these operations, the line is at risk of suffering changes, breakdowns, stretching or deformation caused either by rubbing the line with the other mechanical elements such as oilers, blowout preventers, etc., or chemical attack from sulfhydric gas or carbonic acid. This may cause abnormalities in the line and increases the likelihood of breaking it during operation, which entails ' 2 that the tools being used at that time are trapped within the well, so it is necessary to retrieve the tools lost at the bottom when the slickline broke.
The difficulty of a fishing operation will depend on many factors, of which, one that complicates the most tool recovery is when rupture occurs in the moment in which the line has been lowered to a considerable depth, and when rupture occurs and recovery is to be performed, the presence of a large amount of tangled wire in the intermediate zone between the surface unit and the tool complicates the fishing operation. In addition, there is an economic loss, since the line that was left downhole is practically unusable.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, the Systems and Tools for Information Acquisition from Wells ("SHAIP" for its acronym in Spanish) group of the Institut Mexicano del Petroleo (IMP) [Petroleum Mexican Institute] was given the task of developing a system to detect and assess changes suffered by the slickline used in field operations, such as reduced diameter, nicks, severe scratches and pores, that could put on risk the tools used in well operations.
This system was named with the initials DILA-IMP (Detector of Slickline Irregularities of the IMP).
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a device which can adapt to the field units and allows to monitor the . 3 status on the line before, during and after an operation, in order to allow timely cutting the damaged line sections.
Another object of the present invention is to reduce failures in the slickline as a result of rupture, deformations for excessive efforts or collisions in the various elements (centering roles, mechanical counter, anchor pulley, stuffing box, preventer, valve shaft and output tubing) by passing the slickline from the spool to the bottom of the well.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The characteristical details of Detector of Slickline Irregularities (DILA) systems are clearly shown in the following description and figures presented.
Figure No. 1 is a perspective view of the Detector of Slickline Irregularities (DILA), the parts of the system comprising: eddy current sensor (part No. 1), eddy current reader (part No. 2), optical encoder (part No. 3), electronic module of data acquisition (part No. 4), computer (part No. 5), slickline spool (part No. 6), counter pulley (part No. 7).
Figure No. 2 is a block diagram of the internal structure of part No. 4 in Figure No. 1, which is the data acquisition module.
Figures 3a-3b show a first case of the irregularity of line occurred at 164 meters.
Figures 4a-4c illustrate a second case of irregularities of a line at 2382.3 meters and at 2405.6 meters.
Figures 5a-5d show a third case of irregularities of a line at 3094, 3095 and 3104 meters.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Detector of Slickline Irregularities (DILA) is a comprehensive electronic system that allows detecting and proactively assessing irregularities present in slickline due to interventions made in the field (production wells) or to a new slickline. It is governed by the principle of eddy currents or eddies, or Foucault currents.
This comprehensive electronic system allows to detect and assess irregularities of the slickline used in interventions of oil wells.
It is noteworthy to mention that these lines can vary in diameter depending on the operation to be performed on each well.
In accordance with Figure 1, the present invention relates to a system consisting of: an eddy current sensor (part No. 1), eddy currents reader (part No. 2), optical encoder (part No. 3), electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4), a computer (part No. 5) with a Windows environment software for interpreting and graphing the results. This system is installed in Slickline Motor Units to operate in oil wells.
The object of the present invention is to contribute to reduce failures in the slickline as a result of rupture due to deformations for excessive stresses or collisions in the various elements of the slickline that runs from the slickline spool (part No. 6, Figure No. 1) upto the bottom of the well, passing through: centering roles, mechanical counter, anchor pulley, stuffing box, preventer, valve ' . 5 shaft and output tubing.
In order to meet the above mentioned object, irregularities or deformations of slickline are detected by this invention, and obtained values of deformation and depth shall be graphed to allow decision making for using or discarding a length or the whole slickline depending on the risk this represents for execution of the self activity.
Principle of operation. In accordance with the present invention, the detection of irregularities and anomalies in the slickline is performed using the eddy current principle or eddy currents. Eddy currents are defined as the alternating current induced in a conductor when subjected to a time-varying magnetic field, eddy current then generates its own secondary electromagnetic field which is used to identify or distinguish between a wide variety of physical, structural, metallurgical, ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic conditions and in no-metallic parts that are not electrically conductive. This method does not require direct electrical contact with the inspected part.
In accordance with Figure No. 1, the operating principle of the detector system of slickline irregularities is based on passing the slickline through the center of eddy current sensor (part No. 1), the same upon detecting a change in diameter on the slickline because of deformation, this generates a change in the electrical field becoming a current variation that is transmitted to the eddy current reader (part No. 2) for conditioning analog signal sent to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) and this one in = 6 turn to a computer (part No. 5) which plots and records data with software designed for this purpose.
Slickline irregularities detector is a comprehensive electronic system to detect and evaluate the irregularities that occur in the slickline due to field operations in oil wells.
The optical encoder (part No. 3) is installed on the side of the counter pulley (part No. 7) of the slickline motor unit, which signal is converted into units of length per unit time (speed) and also becomes a longitudinal measure to measure the depth of the line.
The optical encoder (part No. 3, Figure No. 1) is a transducer that allows to obtain the depth or displacement of the slickline and converts the mechanical motion into electrical signals that are sent to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) for processing speed and depth. Being both signals obtained from eddy currents reader (part No. 2) and the optical encoder (part No. 3), these are sent to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) where they are processed by the general-purpose microcontroller (Figure No. 2) that conditions the sensor signals and sends them via a serial communication cable to the computer (part No. 5) containing the visualization software for such measurements.
With reference to the Figure No. 1, Detector System of Slickline Irregularities (DILA) of the present invention also consists of a software whose function is to display and plot data acquired from the optical encoder (part No. 3) and eddy current sensor (part No. 1), as well as an electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) which is . , in charge of acquiring input signals from the sensors, process them and send them to computer via an RS232 serial communication cable.
Part No. 1 in Figure No. 1 shows the primary sensor where the slickline crosses and causes an electrical signal that is sent to eddy current reader (part No. 2), this sensor varies in dimensions according to the diameter used in the steel line, the sensor interprets this signal and transmits it to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) as 5 v signals of horizontal and vertical measurement channels.
The detection of irregularities or anomalies in the slickline is performed using the eddy current principle or eddy currents. Eddy currents allow the detection of surface and subsurface discontinuities in the material structure, as seams, overlaps, cracks, porosity and inclusions.
The eddy current sensor (part No. 1) is placed in front of the counter pulley (part No. 7) through which the slickline passes, and the optical encoder (No. 3) is placed on the side of the same counter pulley. Signal from eddy current sensor (part No. 1) is connected to the eddy current reader (part No. 2), which generates two 5 v electrical signals of horizontal and vertical measurement and together with optical encoder signal (No. 3) are connected to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) and these are sent to the computer (part No. 5) via a serial communication cable (Figure No. 2) RS232. It is noteworthy to mention that the eddy current ' 8 reader (part No. 2), the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) and the computer (part No. 5) are located inside the cab of the motor unit (Slickline Unit).
Part No. 5 shows a computer containing the visualization software. This visualization software called DILA-WIN is a program developed with Windows operating system, so that the user graphic panels are easy to use and understand. The computer screen shows the software that displays and plots the speed and depth information of the slickline operation.
Part No. 3 in Figure No. 1 shows an optical encoder, which is a transducer that allows to carry out the measurements of depth (displacement of slickline through the well) and speed of operation of the same line. These signals are sent to the electronic module of data acquisition as shown in part No. 4.
Figure No. 2 shows the parts of the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4, Figure No. 1), which represents the main part of the detector system of slickline irregularities, as this acquires, conditions the signals from the sensors and processes the signals for subsequent delivery to the computer (part No. 5, Figure No. 1), by means of a RS232 serial communication cable. This system basically consists of a general purpose microcontroller that performs the conversion and adaptation of analog to digital signals, processes them, and sends the information by a communication protocol RS232 to the computer.
This electronic module has a keyboard for entering parameters settings such as: the slickline diameter, pulley diameter and number of optical encoder pulses. These parameters are shown on a LCD dot matrix character display, which displays alphanumeric data of 2x16 (2 lines, 16 characters). Similarly, the electronic module contains a battery as a backup alternative, because if the main power source for any reason is interrupted, this battery would keep operating DILA
system.
During the data acquisition with the DILA, we get the following information channels: PROF, VEL ANH AND ANHV ANV. PROF
channel refers to the depth in units of meters (m). VEL Channel is the speed of rising or falling in units of meters per minute (m / min). ANH
channel refers to the measurement performed by the eddy current sensor in the horizontal orientation. ANV channel refers to the measurement performed by the eddy current sensor in the vertical orientation. ANHV channel measurement refers to both channels ANV
and ANH
NOTE: DILA-IMP is a system that identifies slickline irregularities in qualitative form from a threshold 160 pre-established value as a fault indicator. The channel ANALOG ANHV uses 0-200 scale without units as an indicator of irregularity in slickline.
Based on visual inspection and touching the slickline, we determine that the data values above the pre-established fault indicator are considered noticeable irregularities of the line and need operator strict review. Table 1 shows the typical configuration parameters of DILA-IMP system for use in the field.
, .
Table 1. Configuration Parameters of DILA-IMP system For depth gauge Eddy current reader Pulley perimeter = 1.1997 meters*. Sensor Frequency = 100 kHz Pulses =500* Measurement angle = 0 Direction =CCW Horizontal gain = 60.0 dB
Vertical Gain = 60.0 dB
Filter passes low detection = 150 Hz *Depends on the pulley and encoder Filter passes high detection = 30 Hz to be used. Continuous measurement = 1.0 Hz In DilaWin-IMP Software Record speed = 60 to 80 meters per minute (m/min).
EXAMPLES
DILA system has been installed and operated in Slickline Units of Services for oilfield wells. To date the inspection was made with 0.092" (92 mils) in diameter slickline in routine well operations, achieving also work with other slickline diameters up to 0.125" if the diameter adapter used in the eddy current sensor is changed (part No. 1, Figure 1).
In these evaluations the steel line irregularities were detected at different lengths, being 3 cases shown below:
First case: Figure 3 shows the irregularity of the line occurred at 164 meters as can be seen at point A on the graph (Figure 3a).
Also, on the slickline (Figure 3b), a flattening indicated at point A is detected, which corresponds to point A on the graph in Figure 3a.
Second case: Figure 4a, shows irregularities on line at 2382.3 and 2405.6 meters (points A and B, respectively). Figures 4b and 4c show the lack of nickel coating on the slickline (darkest) corresponding to the irregularities shown in the graph as points A
and B of Figure 4a, respectively.
Third Case: Figure 5 shows irregularities of the line at 3094, 3095 and 3104 meters respectively in sections A, B and C. Figures 5b, 5c and 5d show porosity and corrosion due probably to acid attack on the line which correspond to irregularities shown at points A, B and C on the graph in Figure 5a.
DESCRIPTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention named "Detector of Slickline Irregularities" ("DILA" for its acronym in Spanish) is within the field of the instruments used to measure or determine abnormalities in the slickline used to operate oil wells.
BACKGROUND
Among the many activities that take place in an oil well, there are those undertaken by Slickline area, which with a Motor Unit in which a spool is installed with a steel line (wire) with special tech specs, performs mechanical works as installation and removal of tools, bottom inspections, etc.
Slickline area, belonging to the Operative Base for Servicing Wells, operates mobile units carrying a slickline spool of special features in terms of geometry, strength, hardness and composition.
Due to the nature of these operations, the line is at risk of suffering changes, breakdowns, stretching or deformation caused either by rubbing the line with the other mechanical elements such as oilers, blowout preventers, etc., or chemical attack from sulfhydric gas or carbonic acid. This may cause abnormalities in the line and increases the likelihood of breaking it during operation, which entails ' 2 that the tools being used at that time are trapped within the well, so it is necessary to retrieve the tools lost at the bottom when the slickline broke.
The difficulty of a fishing operation will depend on many factors, of which, one that complicates the most tool recovery is when rupture occurs in the moment in which the line has been lowered to a considerable depth, and when rupture occurs and recovery is to be performed, the presence of a large amount of tangled wire in the intermediate zone between the surface unit and the tool complicates the fishing operation. In addition, there is an economic loss, since the line that was left downhole is practically unusable.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, the Systems and Tools for Information Acquisition from Wells ("SHAIP" for its acronym in Spanish) group of the Institut Mexicano del Petroleo (IMP) [Petroleum Mexican Institute] was given the task of developing a system to detect and assess changes suffered by the slickline used in field operations, such as reduced diameter, nicks, severe scratches and pores, that could put on risk the tools used in well operations.
This system was named with the initials DILA-IMP (Detector of Slickline Irregularities of the IMP).
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a device which can adapt to the field units and allows to monitor the . 3 status on the line before, during and after an operation, in order to allow timely cutting the damaged line sections.
Another object of the present invention is to reduce failures in the slickline as a result of rupture, deformations for excessive efforts or collisions in the various elements (centering roles, mechanical counter, anchor pulley, stuffing box, preventer, valve shaft and output tubing) by passing the slickline from the spool to the bottom of the well.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The characteristical details of Detector of Slickline Irregularities (DILA) systems are clearly shown in the following description and figures presented.
Figure No. 1 is a perspective view of the Detector of Slickline Irregularities (DILA), the parts of the system comprising: eddy current sensor (part No. 1), eddy current reader (part No. 2), optical encoder (part No. 3), electronic module of data acquisition (part No. 4), computer (part No. 5), slickline spool (part No. 6), counter pulley (part No. 7).
Figure No. 2 is a block diagram of the internal structure of part No. 4 in Figure No. 1, which is the data acquisition module.
Figures 3a-3b show a first case of the irregularity of line occurred at 164 meters.
Figures 4a-4c illustrate a second case of irregularities of a line at 2382.3 meters and at 2405.6 meters.
Figures 5a-5d show a third case of irregularities of a line at 3094, 3095 and 3104 meters.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Detector of Slickline Irregularities (DILA) is a comprehensive electronic system that allows detecting and proactively assessing irregularities present in slickline due to interventions made in the field (production wells) or to a new slickline. It is governed by the principle of eddy currents or eddies, or Foucault currents.
This comprehensive electronic system allows to detect and assess irregularities of the slickline used in interventions of oil wells.
It is noteworthy to mention that these lines can vary in diameter depending on the operation to be performed on each well.
In accordance with Figure 1, the present invention relates to a system consisting of: an eddy current sensor (part No. 1), eddy currents reader (part No. 2), optical encoder (part No. 3), electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4), a computer (part No. 5) with a Windows environment software for interpreting and graphing the results. This system is installed in Slickline Motor Units to operate in oil wells.
The object of the present invention is to contribute to reduce failures in the slickline as a result of rupture due to deformations for excessive stresses or collisions in the various elements of the slickline that runs from the slickline spool (part No. 6, Figure No. 1) upto the bottom of the well, passing through: centering roles, mechanical counter, anchor pulley, stuffing box, preventer, valve ' . 5 shaft and output tubing.
In order to meet the above mentioned object, irregularities or deformations of slickline are detected by this invention, and obtained values of deformation and depth shall be graphed to allow decision making for using or discarding a length or the whole slickline depending on the risk this represents for execution of the self activity.
Principle of operation. In accordance with the present invention, the detection of irregularities and anomalies in the slickline is performed using the eddy current principle or eddy currents. Eddy currents are defined as the alternating current induced in a conductor when subjected to a time-varying magnetic field, eddy current then generates its own secondary electromagnetic field which is used to identify or distinguish between a wide variety of physical, structural, metallurgical, ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic conditions and in no-metallic parts that are not electrically conductive. This method does not require direct electrical contact with the inspected part.
In accordance with Figure No. 1, the operating principle of the detector system of slickline irregularities is based on passing the slickline through the center of eddy current sensor (part No. 1), the same upon detecting a change in diameter on the slickline because of deformation, this generates a change in the electrical field becoming a current variation that is transmitted to the eddy current reader (part No. 2) for conditioning analog signal sent to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) and this one in = 6 turn to a computer (part No. 5) which plots and records data with software designed for this purpose.
Slickline irregularities detector is a comprehensive electronic system to detect and evaluate the irregularities that occur in the slickline due to field operations in oil wells.
The optical encoder (part No. 3) is installed on the side of the counter pulley (part No. 7) of the slickline motor unit, which signal is converted into units of length per unit time (speed) and also becomes a longitudinal measure to measure the depth of the line.
The optical encoder (part No. 3, Figure No. 1) is a transducer that allows to obtain the depth or displacement of the slickline and converts the mechanical motion into electrical signals that are sent to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) for processing speed and depth. Being both signals obtained from eddy currents reader (part No. 2) and the optical encoder (part No. 3), these are sent to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) where they are processed by the general-purpose microcontroller (Figure No. 2) that conditions the sensor signals and sends them via a serial communication cable to the computer (part No. 5) containing the visualization software for such measurements.
With reference to the Figure No. 1, Detector System of Slickline Irregularities (DILA) of the present invention also consists of a software whose function is to display and plot data acquired from the optical encoder (part No. 3) and eddy current sensor (part No. 1), as well as an electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) which is . , in charge of acquiring input signals from the sensors, process them and send them to computer via an RS232 serial communication cable.
Part No. 1 in Figure No. 1 shows the primary sensor where the slickline crosses and causes an electrical signal that is sent to eddy current reader (part No. 2), this sensor varies in dimensions according to the diameter used in the steel line, the sensor interprets this signal and transmits it to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) as 5 v signals of horizontal and vertical measurement channels.
The detection of irregularities or anomalies in the slickline is performed using the eddy current principle or eddy currents. Eddy currents allow the detection of surface and subsurface discontinuities in the material structure, as seams, overlaps, cracks, porosity and inclusions.
The eddy current sensor (part No. 1) is placed in front of the counter pulley (part No. 7) through which the slickline passes, and the optical encoder (No. 3) is placed on the side of the same counter pulley. Signal from eddy current sensor (part No. 1) is connected to the eddy current reader (part No. 2), which generates two 5 v electrical signals of horizontal and vertical measurement and together with optical encoder signal (No. 3) are connected to the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) and these are sent to the computer (part No. 5) via a serial communication cable (Figure No. 2) RS232. It is noteworthy to mention that the eddy current ' 8 reader (part No. 2), the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4) and the computer (part No. 5) are located inside the cab of the motor unit (Slickline Unit).
Part No. 5 shows a computer containing the visualization software. This visualization software called DILA-WIN is a program developed with Windows operating system, so that the user graphic panels are easy to use and understand. The computer screen shows the software that displays and plots the speed and depth information of the slickline operation.
Part No. 3 in Figure No. 1 shows an optical encoder, which is a transducer that allows to carry out the measurements of depth (displacement of slickline through the well) and speed of operation of the same line. These signals are sent to the electronic module of data acquisition as shown in part No. 4.
Figure No. 2 shows the parts of the electronic module for data acquisition (part No. 4, Figure No. 1), which represents the main part of the detector system of slickline irregularities, as this acquires, conditions the signals from the sensors and processes the signals for subsequent delivery to the computer (part No. 5, Figure No. 1), by means of a RS232 serial communication cable. This system basically consists of a general purpose microcontroller that performs the conversion and adaptation of analog to digital signals, processes them, and sends the information by a communication protocol RS232 to the computer.
This electronic module has a keyboard for entering parameters settings such as: the slickline diameter, pulley diameter and number of optical encoder pulses. These parameters are shown on a LCD dot matrix character display, which displays alphanumeric data of 2x16 (2 lines, 16 characters). Similarly, the electronic module contains a battery as a backup alternative, because if the main power source for any reason is interrupted, this battery would keep operating DILA
system.
During the data acquisition with the DILA, we get the following information channels: PROF, VEL ANH AND ANHV ANV. PROF
channel refers to the depth in units of meters (m). VEL Channel is the speed of rising or falling in units of meters per minute (m / min). ANH
channel refers to the measurement performed by the eddy current sensor in the horizontal orientation. ANV channel refers to the measurement performed by the eddy current sensor in the vertical orientation. ANHV channel measurement refers to both channels ANV
and ANH
NOTE: DILA-IMP is a system that identifies slickline irregularities in qualitative form from a threshold 160 pre-established value as a fault indicator. The channel ANALOG ANHV uses 0-200 scale without units as an indicator of irregularity in slickline.
Based on visual inspection and touching the slickline, we determine that the data values above the pre-established fault indicator are considered noticeable irregularities of the line and need operator strict review. Table 1 shows the typical configuration parameters of DILA-IMP system for use in the field.
, .
Table 1. Configuration Parameters of DILA-IMP system For depth gauge Eddy current reader Pulley perimeter = 1.1997 meters*. Sensor Frequency = 100 kHz Pulses =500* Measurement angle = 0 Direction =CCW Horizontal gain = 60.0 dB
Vertical Gain = 60.0 dB
Filter passes low detection = 150 Hz *Depends on the pulley and encoder Filter passes high detection = 30 Hz to be used. Continuous measurement = 1.0 Hz In DilaWin-IMP Software Record speed = 60 to 80 meters per minute (m/min).
EXAMPLES
DILA system has been installed and operated in Slickline Units of Services for oilfield wells. To date the inspection was made with 0.092" (92 mils) in diameter slickline in routine well operations, achieving also work with other slickline diameters up to 0.125" if the diameter adapter used in the eddy current sensor is changed (part No. 1, Figure 1).
In these evaluations the steel line irregularities were detected at different lengths, being 3 cases shown below:
First case: Figure 3 shows the irregularity of the line occurred at 164 meters as can be seen at point A on the graph (Figure 3a).
Also, on the slickline (Figure 3b), a flattening indicated at point A is detected, which corresponds to point A on the graph in Figure 3a.
Second case: Figure 4a, shows irregularities on line at 2382.3 and 2405.6 meters (points A and B, respectively). Figures 4b and 4c show the lack of nickel coating on the slickline (darkest) corresponding to the irregularities shown in the graph as points A
and B of Figure 4a, respectively.
Third Case: Figure 5 shows irregularities of the line at 3094, 3095 and 3104 meters respectively in sections A, B and C. Figures 5b, 5c and 5d show porosity and corrosion due probably to acid attack on the line which correspond to irregularities shown at points A, B and C on the graph in Figure 5a.
Claims (6)
1. A detector system of slickline irregularities to operate in oil wells, comprising:
a) one eddy current sensor, wherein the slickline passes through, b) an eddy current reader, which detects a change in diameter in such slickline, c) an optical encoder, which conditions the analog signal, d) an electronic module for data acquisition, which acquires and conditions the signals from the sensors and processes the signals to the computer, and e) a computer, which displays the measurement made.
a) one eddy current sensor, wherein the slickline passes through, b) an eddy current reader, which detects a change in diameter in such slickline, c) an optical encoder, which conditions the analog signal, d) an electronic module for data acquisition, which acquires and conditions the signals from the sensors and processes the signals to the computer, and e) a computer, which displays the measurement made.
2. The detector system in accordance with claim No. 1, characterized in that the eddy current sensor measures slickline abnormalities with diameter between 0.092 inch and 0.125 inch, by appropriately changing the diameters of the sensor's adapter.
3. The detector system in accordance with claims 1 and 2, characterized in that an electronic module for data acquisition, acquires and conditions the signals from the sensors and processes the information sent to the computer via an RS232 serial communication cable where the software shows it to the user and allows to record it on file.
4. The detector system in accordance with claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it detects flattening and folds on the slickline, lack of nickel coating (darkest zones on slickline), porosity and corrosion from acid attack, without interfering with the line, or in testing workshop before the specified service during operation.
5. The detector system in accordance with the preceding claims, characterized in that the depth gauge has a 1.1997 m pulley perimeter with 500 pulses and CCW direction.
6. The detector system in accordance with the preceding claims, characterized in that the software has a recording capacity in a range of 60 to 80 m / min.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MXMX/A/2012/007271 | 2012-06-21 | ||
| MX2012007271A MX2012007271A (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2012-06-21 | Detector system of slickline irregularities. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2820101A1 true CA2820101A1 (en) | 2013-12-21 |
Family
ID=49769783
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2820101 Abandoned CA2820101A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2013-06-20 | Detector system of slickline irregularities |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130341009A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2820101A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2012007271A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201404285D0 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-04-23 | Paradigm Technology Services B V | Monitoring system and method |
| WO2015175202A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Polymer composite wireline cables comprising optical fiber sensors |
| WO2016044566A1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-24 | Premier Coil Solutions, Inc. | Methods and system for independently controlling injector head drive motor speeds |
| WO2016076855A1 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wireline cable fatigue monitoring using thermally-induced acoustic waves |
| US9557212B2 (en) | 2015-01-06 | 2017-01-31 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Determining effective elastic modulus of a composite slickline cable |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3829687A (en) * | 1973-04-25 | 1974-08-13 | Mobil Oil Corp | Radioactive well logging to distinguish water and hydrocarbon saturation by delayed neutrons from oxygen |
| US7444861B2 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2008-11-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Real time management system for slickline/wireline |
-
2012
- 2012-06-21 MX MX2012007271A patent/MX2012007271A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2013
- 2013-06-20 CA CA 2820101 patent/CA2820101A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-06-20 US US13/923,045 patent/US20130341009A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2012007271A (en) | 2013-12-23 |
| US20130341009A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20160411 |