CA2802544A1 - Composition and process for whitening paper - Google Patents
Composition and process for whitening paper Download PDFInfo
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- CA2802544A1 CA2802544A1 CA2802544A CA2802544A CA2802544A1 CA 2802544 A1 CA2802544 A1 CA 2802544A1 CA 2802544 A CA2802544 A CA 2802544A CA 2802544 A CA2802544 A CA 2802544A CA 2802544 A1 CA2802544 A1 CA 2802544A1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/30—Luminescent or fluorescent substances, e.g. for optical bleaching
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/09—Sulfur-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/47—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- D21H17/49—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with compounds containing hydrogen bound to nitrogen
- D21H17/51—Triazines, e.g. melamine
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a composition suitable for surface treatment of paper, wherein the composition contains a specified fluorescent whitening agent with a combination of specific terminal groups, a salt of a bivalent cation, and a carrier. The composition is used for whitening paper, in particular in the size press.
Description
Composition and process for whitening paper The present invention relates to a composition suitable for surface treatment of paper, in particular a size press liquor, and a process for whitening paper using said composition.
In the production of paper, a sizing step is usually carried out for achieving good writing and printing properties and strength. Such a sizing step can take place, on the one hand, before the sheet formation in the paper pulp (internal sizing) and, on the other hand, after the sheet formation in the size press. A combination of both processes is also possible. In one or both production stages of paper, whitening of the pulp or of the paper sheet is usually also carried out by means of a fluorescent whitening agent (FWA). Usually, the size and fluorescent whitening agent are added separately to the paper pulp in the case of pulp application, whereas the fluorescent whitening agent is incorporated into the size press liquor and applied together with it to the paper sheet in the case of surface sizing.
The combination of surface sizing and whitening of papers is widely used in the paper-producing industry. This method is widely used particularly in the printing and writing paper segment (copy, inkjet, offset, etc.). There is a continuing trend towards surface-sized papers having high whiteness and improved printing per-formance and consequently there is a demand for size press liquors which are as effective as possible. US 6,207,258 B 1 discloses a composition and process for improved inkjet printing performance using a salt of a bivalent metal, in particular calcium chloride. Therefore, in order to achieve more brilliant and sharper print-ings, especially inkjet printings, the paper production industry uses nowadays cal-cium chloride in size press liquors. However, the use of that salt affects adversely the performance of the fluorescent whitening agents commonly used in size press liquors. In particular, the whitening effectiveness is decreased, the shade is mov-ing to the greenish-yellowish direction, and additionally a loss of fluorescence is observed.
WO 2009/150180 Al and EP 2 135 997 Al disclose aqueous compositions con-taining specific bis-tri azinyl amino- stilb ene compounds containing alkylsulfonic acid groups, a salt of a bivalent cation, and a carrier.
Surprisingly, it has been found that further specific bis-tri azinylamino-stilbene compounds when used in combination with salts of bivalent cations, such as cal-cium chloride, in compositions suitable for surface treating of paper, such as size press liquors, also overcome problems of the prior art.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a composition suitable for surface treat-ment of paper, wherein the composition contains (a) at least one fluorescent whitening agent of formula (I) n(MO3S) (S03M) m ~/ N -N, N \ S N
N H N--~ N
N~
\ N-R4 wherein n and m are, independently of each other, an integer of 1, 2, or 3;
R1, R2, R3, and R4 represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, CI-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkoxyalkyl, C2-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C2-C4 hydroxyalkyl; or Ri and R2 or R3 and R4 independently of each other together with N atom form morpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring;
In the production of paper, a sizing step is usually carried out for achieving good writing and printing properties and strength. Such a sizing step can take place, on the one hand, before the sheet formation in the paper pulp (internal sizing) and, on the other hand, after the sheet formation in the size press. A combination of both processes is also possible. In one or both production stages of paper, whitening of the pulp or of the paper sheet is usually also carried out by means of a fluorescent whitening agent (FWA). Usually, the size and fluorescent whitening agent are added separately to the paper pulp in the case of pulp application, whereas the fluorescent whitening agent is incorporated into the size press liquor and applied together with it to the paper sheet in the case of surface sizing.
The combination of surface sizing and whitening of papers is widely used in the paper-producing industry. This method is widely used particularly in the printing and writing paper segment (copy, inkjet, offset, etc.). There is a continuing trend towards surface-sized papers having high whiteness and improved printing per-formance and consequently there is a demand for size press liquors which are as effective as possible. US 6,207,258 B 1 discloses a composition and process for improved inkjet printing performance using a salt of a bivalent metal, in particular calcium chloride. Therefore, in order to achieve more brilliant and sharper print-ings, especially inkjet printings, the paper production industry uses nowadays cal-cium chloride in size press liquors. However, the use of that salt affects adversely the performance of the fluorescent whitening agents commonly used in size press liquors. In particular, the whitening effectiveness is decreased, the shade is mov-ing to the greenish-yellowish direction, and additionally a loss of fluorescence is observed.
WO 2009/150180 Al and EP 2 135 997 Al disclose aqueous compositions con-taining specific bis-tri azinyl amino- stilb ene compounds containing alkylsulfonic acid groups, a salt of a bivalent cation, and a carrier.
Surprisingly, it has been found that further specific bis-tri azinylamino-stilbene compounds when used in combination with salts of bivalent cations, such as cal-cium chloride, in compositions suitable for surface treating of paper, such as size press liquors, also overcome problems of the prior art.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a composition suitable for surface treat-ment of paper, wherein the composition contains (a) at least one fluorescent whitening agent of formula (I) n(MO3S) (S03M) m ~/ N -N, N \ S N
N H N--~ N
N~
\ N-R4 wherein n and m are, independently of each other, an integer of 1, 2, or 3;
R1, R2, R3, and R4 represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, CI-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkoxyalkyl, C2-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C2-C4 hydroxyalkyl; or Ri and R2 or R3 and R4 independently of each other together with N atom form morpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring;
wherein at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 contains at least 3 carbon atoms;
M represents hydrogen, or one equivalent of a cation, in particular Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, ammonium, or ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-substituted by C1- C4 alkyl or C2 - C4 hydroxyalkyl;
(b) at least one salt of a bivalent cation;
(c) at least one carrier; and (d) water.
The invention further relates to a process for whitening paper, wherein a cellulose sheet is brought into contact with the above defined composition, preferably in the size press. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the description hereinafter, the claims and the figure.
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the influence of calcium chloride on the performance of different fluorescent whitening agents according to Example 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition suitable for surface treatment of paper is a size press liquor, and the process is a process for whitening paper in the size press, wherein a cellulose sheet is brought into contact with the size press liquor.
In the context of this invention, size press is understood as meaning a surface ap-plication unit, preferably of the paper machine, in which the cellulose sheet formed is brought into contact with a size press liquor, and in which the propor-tion of the liquor which is to be taken up by the sheet (liquor absorption) can pref-erably be adjusted by means of the roll pressure.
M represents hydrogen, or one equivalent of a cation, in particular Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, ammonium, or ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-substituted by C1- C4 alkyl or C2 - C4 hydroxyalkyl;
(b) at least one salt of a bivalent cation;
(c) at least one carrier; and (d) water.
The invention further relates to a process for whitening paper, wherein a cellulose sheet is brought into contact with the above defined composition, preferably in the size press. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the description hereinafter, the claims and the figure.
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the influence of calcium chloride on the performance of different fluorescent whitening agents according to Example 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition suitable for surface treatment of paper is a size press liquor, and the process is a process for whitening paper in the size press, wherein a cellulose sheet is brought into contact with the size press liquor.
In the context of this invention, size press is understood as meaning a surface ap-plication unit, preferably of the paper machine, in which the cellulose sheet formed is brought into contact with a size press liquor, and in which the propor-tion of the liquor which is to be taken up by the sheet (liquor absorption) can pref-erably be adjusted by means of the roll pressure.
Recent developments of the size press or film press, namely of the Speedsizer as well as of the Symsizer as well as Gate-roll, are likewise understood as being cov-ered by the term size press.
According to the invention the composition contains at least one bis-triazinylamino-stilbene compound of the above defined formula (I), wherein n, m, Ri to R4, and M are as defined above. In the context of this invention, in the for-mula (I) the alkyl group can be linear or branched, and the possible substituents of the alkyl group, which are alkoxy, hydroxyl and/or cyano groups, can be attached at any position of the alkyl chain. In the present invention, C2-C4 alkoxyalkyl means C2-C4 alkyl substituted with C2-C4 alkoxy. In a preferred embodiment, n and m are integers from 1 to 2, most preferred 2. In another preferred embodi-ment, R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, Ci -alkyl, C2-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C2-C4 hydroxyalkyl, in particular propyl, cyanoethyl, or hydroxypropyl. The -SO3M groups at the terminal aromatic rings can be in o-, m-, or p-position. The preferred positions depend on the number of the -SO3M
groups. If n or m is 1, p-position is preferred. If n or m is 2, the 2,5-position is preferred. In a preferred embodiment, at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is propyl, cyanoethyl or hydroxypropyl. In another preferred embodiment, R1, R2, R3 and are propyl or hydroxypropyl, in particular all are either propyl or hydroxypropyl, wherein preferably n and m are 2. Most preferably, the hydroxypropyl group is a hydroxyisopropyl group. In another preferred embodiment, n and m are 2, and the two - SO3M groups are in 2,5-position. In a further preferred embodiment, n and m are 2, Rl and R3 are hydroxyisopropyl, and R2 and R4 are cyanoethyl.
In the compound of formula (I), at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 contains at least 3 carbon atoms. Preferably, at least one of Ri and R2 and at least one of R3 and R4 contain at least 3 carbon atoms. In a further preferred embodiment, at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4, in particular at least one of Ri and R2 and at least one of R3 and R4, represent(s) C3 - C4 alkyl, C3 - C4 alkoxyalkyl, C3-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C3-hydroxyalkyl. In the present invention, C3-C4 alkoxyalkyl means C3 or C4 alkyl substituted with C3 or C4 alkoxy.
Preferred embodiments of M are hydrogen, Na, K, Ca, Mg, in particular M is Na or K, most preferred is Na.
The fluorescent whitening agents of formula (I) can be produced by known proce-dures, and are used as free acids or as salts thereof, preferably alkali metal salts.
Generally, the compounds are prepared by reacting cyanuric chloride with 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or a salt thereof, and an appropriate aniline derivative containing a phenyl ring substituted with -SO3M group(s), and substi-tuted aliphatic amines or heterocyclic compounds. For example, EP 0 860 437 Al describes the preparation of such compounds.
The composition of the invention can contain more than one, preferably two or three, most preferred three, of the fluorescent whitening agents of formula (I).
Component (a) of the composition can contain, in addition to the at least one fluo-rescent whitening agent of formula (I), one or more known bis-triazinylamino-stilbene or distyryl-biphenyl based fluorescent whitening agents.
The salt of component (b) of the composition of the invention comprises bivalent cations, preferably cations of an earth alkaline metal, in particular calcium or magnesium. Preferably, the counterions of the bivalent cations are mono- or mul-tivalent anions, in particular halide, sulphate, hydrosulphate, phosphate, hydro-phosphate, dihydrophosphate, carbonate, hydrocarbonate, nitrate, acetate, or a mixture thereof, preferably chloride or sulphate, most preferably chloride.
The salts disclosed in US 6,207,258 B1 are also suitable. A preferred salt is calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulphate, or a mixture thereof, more preferred is calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, or a mixture thereof, most preferred is calcium chloride.
According to the invention the composition contains at least one bis-triazinylamino-stilbene compound of the above defined formula (I), wherein n, m, Ri to R4, and M are as defined above. In the context of this invention, in the for-mula (I) the alkyl group can be linear or branched, and the possible substituents of the alkyl group, which are alkoxy, hydroxyl and/or cyano groups, can be attached at any position of the alkyl chain. In the present invention, C2-C4 alkoxyalkyl means C2-C4 alkyl substituted with C2-C4 alkoxy. In a preferred embodiment, n and m are integers from 1 to 2, most preferred 2. In another preferred embodi-ment, R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, Ci -alkyl, C2-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C2-C4 hydroxyalkyl, in particular propyl, cyanoethyl, or hydroxypropyl. The -SO3M groups at the terminal aromatic rings can be in o-, m-, or p-position. The preferred positions depend on the number of the -SO3M
groups. If n or m is 1, p-position is preferred. If n or m is 2, the 2,5-position is preferred. In a preferred embodiment, at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is propyl, cyanoethyl or hydroxypropyl. In another preferred embodiment, R1, R2, R3 and are propyl or hydroxypropyl, in particular all are either propyl or hydroxypropyl, wherein preferably n and m are 2. Most preferably, the hydroxypropyl group is a hydroxyisopropyl group. In another preferred embodiment, n and m are 2, and the two - SO3M groups are in 2,5-position. In a further preferred embodiment, n and m are 2, Rl and R3 are hydroxyisopropyl, and R2 and R4 are cyanoethyl.
In the compound of formula (I), at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 contains at least 3 carbon atoms. Preferably, at least one of Ri and R2 and at least one of R3 and R4 contain at least 3 carbon atoms. In a further preferred embodiment, at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4, in particular at least one of Ri and R2 and at least one of R3 and R4, represent(s) C3 - C4 alkyl, C3 - C4 alkoxyalkyl, C3-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C3-hydroxyalkyl. In the present invention, C3-C4 alkoxyalkyl means C3 or C4 alkyl substituted with C3 or C4 alkoxy.
Preferred embodiments of M are hydrogen, Na, K, Ca, Mg, in particular M is Na or K, most preferred is Na.
The fluorescent whitening agents of formula (I) can be produced by known proce-dures, and are used as free acids or as salts thereof, preferably alkali metal salts.
Generally, the compounds are prepared by reacting cyanuric chloride with 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or a salt thereof, and an appropriate aniline derivative containing a phenyl ring substituted with -SO3M group(s), and substi-tuted aliphatic amines or heterocyclic compounds. For example, EP 0 860 437 Al describes the preparation of such compounds.
The composition of the invention can contain more than one, preferably two or three, most preferred three, of the fluorescent whitening agents of formula (I).
Component (a) of the composition can contain, in addition to the at least one fluo-rescent whitening agent of formula (I), one or more known bis-triazinylamino-stilbene or distyryl-biphenyl based fluorescent whitening agents.
The salt of component (b) of the composition of the invention comprises bivalent cations, preferably cations of an earth alkaline metal, in particular calcium or magnesium. Preferably, the counterions of the bivalent cations are mono- or mul-tivalent anions, in particular halide, sulphate, hydrosulphate, phosphate, hydro-phosphate, dihydrophosphate, carbonate, hydrocarbonate, nitrate, acetate, or a mixture thereof, preferably chloride or sulphate, most preferably chloride.
The salts disclosed in US 6,207,258 B1 are also suitable. A preferred salt is calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulphate, or a mixture thereof, more preferred is calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, or a mixture thereof, most preferred is calcium chloride.
The carrier of component (c) is any compound known in the art to be suitable as a carrier, in particular carriers suitable for size press liquors. Preferred carriers are carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), starch or mixtures thereof, with starch being particularly preferred. Suitable carrier substances are, for example, hydrophilic polymers having the ability to form hydrogen bridge bonds. Preferred carrier substances are starch, polyvinyl alcohols, carboxymethyl-celluloses and polyethylene glycols having a number average molecular weight of from 200 to 8000 g/mol, as well as any desired mixtures of these substances, it being possible for these polymers optionally to be modified. Preferred polyvinyl alcohols are those having a degree of hydrolysis >85%, preferred carboxymethyl-celluloses are those having a degree of substitution DS of >0.5. Polyethylene gly-cols having a number average molecular weight Mn of from 200 to 8000 g/mol are particularly preferred. Suitable starches are based e.g., but not exclusively, on potato starch, rice starch, wheat starch, maize starch or tapioca starch. In particu-lar, starches whose molecular weights have already been reduced by partial deg-radation and/or which have been obtained by derivatization are preferably used instead of natural starches. Furthermore, starches for which both modification steps have been combined, i.e. which have been partially degraded and addition-ally derivatized, are suitable. Typical methods for starch degradation are, for ex-ample, enzymatic, oxidative, thermal or hydrolytic treatment. Examples of suit-able starch derivatives are hydroxyethyl starch or cationic starch.
The composition of the invention contains as component (d) water and, option-ally, can contain sizing agents, such as alkenyl ketene dimer, alkyl ketene dimer (AKD), alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA), rosin size, styrene maleic anhydride copolymers, styrene acrylate, styrene acrylic acid copolymers, polyurethane or ethylene acrylic acid copolymers, or other common paper chemicals, such as styryl-acrylate copolymers, latex, pigments, defoamers, or salts, such as NaCl or NaHCO3, or mixtures of two or more thereof.
The composition of the invention contains as component (d) water and, option-ally, can contain sizing agents, such as alkenyl ketene dimer, alkyl ketene dimer (AKD), alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA), rosin size, styrene maleic anhydride copolymers, styrene acrylate, styrene acrylic acid copolymers, polyurethane or ethylene acrylic acid copolymers, or other common paper chemicals, such as styryl-acrylate copolymers, latex, pigments, defoamers, or salts, such as NaCl or NaHCO3, or mixtures of two or more thereof.
The composition of the invention contains preferably component (a) in an amount of 0.02 to 3, more preferably 0.05 to 2, most preferably 0.1 to 1, weight-%
based on 100 weight-% of the composition. If fluorescent whitening agents other than those of formula (I) are used, their amount is 5 to 95 weight-% based on 100 weight-% of component (a). Component (b) is preferably contained in an amount of 0.2 to 8, in particular 0.5 to 6, most preferably 1 to 5, weight-% based on weight-% of the composition. Component (c) is preferably contained in an amount of 3 to 20, in particular 5 to 15, most preferably 6 to 12, weight-% based on weight-% of the composition. The composition of the invention contains prefera-bly water in an amount of 75 to 96.78, in particular 79 to 94.45, most preferably 82.5 to 92.9, weight-% based on 100 weight-% of the composition.
Optionally, the composition contains a sizing agent, preferably in an amount of 0 to 5, in particular 0 to 4, most preferably 0 to 3, in each case weight-%
based on 100 weight-% of the composition.
In addition, relatively small amounts, usually amounts of less than 5% by weight, of further auxiliaries, such as, for example, dispersants, thickeners, antifreezes, preservatives, complexing agents, etc., or organic byproducts from the fluorescent whitening agent synthesis which were not completely removed in the working-up, may be contained in the composition of the invention.
Suitable compositions are also described in US 6,207,258 B1, wherein according to the invention as component (a) at least one fluorescent whitening agent of for-mula (I) is used.
The production of the composition is effected by known methods and preferably effected by combining an aqueous solution of the fluorescent whitening agent used as component (a), which preferably has a suitable pH value, with the other components, such as carrier substances, sizing agents, binders, pigments, salts or standardizing agents. Preferably, an aqueous preparation of carrier component (c) is prepared, to which preparation an aqueous preparation of salt component (b) is added, followed by the addition of an aqueous preparation of the fluorescent whit-ening agent component (a), preferably adjusted in pH value, and the other compo-nents.
The composition of the invention can be used for whitening paper, in particular for surface treatment of paper, e.g. in a size press.
The process of the invention for whitening paper is carried out according to known processes, preferably using a size press, and is subject to no restrictions.
The paper used is not critical and may be any cellulose sheet.
Paper obtained by the process of the invention exhibits, in addition to improved printing performance, improved whiteness, and is in particular suitable for inkjet printing applications.
The whiteness of the papers produced can be characterized by the CIE
whiteness.
Different fluorescent whitening agents can be compared to each other with respect to the saturation behavior when determined according to CIE whiteness. In other words, if a larger amount of fluorescent whitening agent is used and no further increase in whiteness is found, there is a saturation behavior and there may even be adverse effects on the whiteness when using higher amounts. The effect of saturation is also referred to as greening. The greening limit, i.e. the point at which increasing amounts of fluorescent whitening agent used results in virtually no further increase in whiteness, can be derived, for example, from the a*-b*
dia-gram, where a* and b* are the color coordinates in the CIE-L*a*b system.
The following example illustrates the invention and shows preferred embodi-ments, without limiting the scope of protection.
based on 100 weight-% of the composition. If fluorescent whitening agents other than those of formula (I) are used, their amount is 5 to 95 weight-% based on 100 weight-% of component (a). Component (b) is preferably contained in an amount of 0.2 to 8, in particular 0.5 to 6, most preferably 1 to 5, weight-% based on weight-% of the composition. Component (c) is preferably contained in an amount of 3 to 20, in particular 5 to 15, most preferably 6 to 12, weight-% based on weight-% of the composition. The composition of the invention contains prefera-bly water in an amount of 75 to 96.78, in particular 79 to 94.45, most preferably 82.5 to 92.9, weight-% based on 100 weight-% of the composition.
Optionally, the composition contains a sizing agent, preferably in an amount of 0 to 5, in particular 0 to 4, most preferably 0 to 3, in each case weight-%
based on 100 weight-% of the composition.
In addition, relatively small amounts, usually amounts of less than 5% by weight, of further auxiliaries, such as, for example, dispersants, thickeners, antifreezes, preservatives, complexing agents, etc., or organic byproducts from the fluorescent whitening agent synthesis which were not completely removed in the working-up, may be contained in the composition of the invention.
Suitable compositions are also described in US 6,207,258 B1, wherein according to the invention as component (a) at least one fluorescent whitening agent of for-mula (I) is used.
The production of the composition is effected by known methods and preferably effected by combining an aqueous solution of the fluorescent whitening agent used as component (a), which preferably has a suitable pH value, with the other components, such as carrier substances, sizing agents, binders, pigments, salts or standardizing agents. Preferably, an aqueous preparation of carrier component (c) is prepared, to which preparation an aqueous preparation of salt component (b) is added, followed by the addition of an aqueous preparation of the fluorescent whit-ening agent component (a), preferably adjusted in pH value, and the other compo-nents.
The composition of the invention can be used for whitening paper, in particular for surface treatment of paper, e.g. in a size press.
The process of the invention for whitening paper is carried out according to known processes, preferably using a size press, and is subject to no restrictions.
The paper used is not critical and may be any cellulose sheet.
Paper obtained by the process of the invention exhibits, in addition to improved printing performance, improved whiteness, and is in particular suitable for inkjet printing applications.
The whiteness of the papers produced can be characterized by the CIE
whiteness.
Different fluorescent whitening agents can be compared to each other with respect to the saturation behavior when determined according to CIE whiteness. In other words, if a larger amount of fluorescent whitening agent is used and no further increase in whiteness is found, there is a saturation behavior and there may even be adverse effects on the whiteness when using higher amounts. The effect of saturation is also referred to as greening. The greening limit, i.e. the point at which increasing amounts of fluorescent whitening agent used results in virtually no further increase in whiteness, can be derived, for example, from the a*-b*
dia-gram, where a* and b* are the color coordinates in the CIE-L*a*b system.
The following example illustrates the invention and shows preferred embodi-ments, without limiting the scope of protection.
Example The whitening performance of different fluorescent whitening agents in the pres-ence of calcium chloride was studied using the following test procedure for size press application.
First, a 15% starch solution of neutral oxidatively degraded potato starch (Perfec-tamyl 4692) and a 50% calcium chloride solution were prepared. The paper used was a 80 g/m2 basepaper, which was a machine paper, internally sized (Cobb equals to 110 g/m2) and slightly whitened with fluorescent whitening agent to have the following optical characteristics: CIE -104.89; L* = 93.92; a* =
1.21; b*
-4.34.
The fluorescent whitening agent was weighed in a glass, and 13.33 g of 15%
starch solution was added. Then, 50% calcium chloride solution was weighed in, and the solution was filled up with water to 20 g, so that the tests were carried out in a 10% starch solution. After stirring for a short time the solution was applied on one side of the basepaper by a semiautomatic lab coater with a Rakel (No. 2) which should simulate a film press application. 1.7 g/m2 of dry starch was applied on that basepaper. After the drawing the paper was directly dried on a drying cyl-inder at about 100 C. After climatization over night the prepared side of the pa-pers were measured with a Datacolor spectrometer (IS02469) by determining CIE, L*, a* and b*, the light source used based on IS02469 standard.
The amounts used of fluorescent whitening agent per 100g starch preparation were as indicated in Table 1 below. The amount of calcium chloride was 2g for each fluorescent whitening agent. The following fluorescent whitening agents were used:
First, a 15% starch solution of neutral oxidatively degraded potato starch (Perfec-tamyl 4692) and a 50% calcium chloride solution were prepared. The paper used was a 80 g/m2 basepaper, which was a machine paper, internally sized (Cobb equals to 110 g/m2) and slightly whitened with fluorescent whitening agent to have the following optical characteristics: CIE -104.89; L* = 93.92; a* =
1.21; b*
-4.34.
The fluorescent whitening agent was weighed in a glass, and 13.33 g of 15%
starch solution was added. Then, 50% calcium chloride solution was weighed in, and the solution was filled up with water to 20 g, so that the tests were carried out in a 10% starch solution. After stirring for a short time the solution was applied on one side of the basepaper by a semiautomatic lab coater with a Rakel (No. 2) which should simulate a film press application. 1.7 g/m2 of dry starch was applied on that basepaper. After the drawing the paper was directly dried on a drying cyl-inder at about 100 C. After climatization over night the prepared side of the pa-pers were measured with a Datacolor spectrometer (IS02469) by determining CIE, L*, a* and b*, the light source used based on IS02469 standard.
The amounts used of fluorescent whitening agent per 100g starch preparation were as indicated in Table 1 below. The amount of calcium chloride was 2g for each fluorescent whitening agent. The following fluorescent whitening agents were used:
SO3Na NaO3S
N NaO3S N o N N
NaO S N N - N N SO3Na s HO ~ \ N H SO3Na HN-N HO N OH
Y
OH
SO3Na NaO3S
N NaO3S N o N N~
NaO S N N N SONa s \ N H SO3Na HN- 3 ~
N N
j SO3Na NaO3S
N NaO3S N /
NaO S N N N SO3Na s \ N H SO3Na HN-~
N N
HO~ OH
Comparative FWA
OH HO
The results obtained are summarized in Table 1.
N NaO3S N o N N
NaO S N N - N N SO3Na s HO ~ \ N H SO3Na HN-N HO N OH
Y
OH
SO3Na NaO3S
N NaO3S N o N N~
NaO S N N N SONa s \ N H SO3Na HN- 3 ~
N N
j SO3Na NaO3S
N NaO3S N /
NaO S N N N SO3Na s \ N H SO3Na HN-~
N N
HO~ OH
Comparative FWA
OH HO
The results obtained are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1 FWA Amount (wt%) CIE L* a* b*
in starch prepara- whiteness tion FWA 1 0.8 127.41 93.92 2.14 -9.32 1.6 133.13 94.13 2.15 -10.50 2.4 135.06 94.27 1.98 -10.87 FWA 2 0.8 125.94 93.87 2.11 -9.01 1.6 131.64 94.03 2.20 -10.21 2.4 133.86 94.17 2.11 -10,65 Comparative 0.8 126.13 93.98 1.80 -9.01 FWA 1.6 129.95 94.19 1.54 -9.76 2.4 130.81 94.37 1.22 -9.87 As may be taken from Table 1, FWA 1 and FWA 2 containing certain aliphatic amine groups, namely of diisopropanolamine or dipropylamine, in combination with dimethanilic acid, showed for almost all concentrations of fluorescent whit-ening agent used an improvement in whiteness in the presence of calcium chloride compared to the comparative FWA which does not contain that specific combina-tion of groups. For further illustration, the results of Table 1 are also shown in Fig.
1.
The above experimental data show that the use of bis-triazinylamino-stilbene fluo-rescent whitening agent compounds with a specific combination of terminal groups according to the invention results in paper of improved whiteness in the presence of a salt of a bivalent cation, such as calcium chloride.
in starch prepara- whiteness tion FWA 1 0.8 127.41 93.92 2.14 -9.32 1.6 133.13 94.13 2.15 -10.50 2.4 135.06 94.27 1.98 -10.87 FWA 2 0.8 125.94 93.87 2.11 -9.01 1.6 131.64 94.03 2.20 -10.21 2.4 133.86 94.17 2.11 -10,65 Comparative 0.8 126.13 93.98 1.80 -9.01 FWA 1.6 129.95 94.19 1.54 -9.76 2.4 130.81 94.37 1.22 -9.87 As may be taken from Table 1, FWA 1 and FWA 2 containing certain aliphatic amine groups, namely of diisopropanolamine or dipropylamine, in combination with dimethanilic acid, showed for almost all concentrations of fluorescent whit-ening agent used an improvement in whiteness in the presence of calcium chloride compared to the comparative FWA which does not contain that specific combina-tion of groups. For further illustration, the results of Table 1 are also shown in Fig.
1.
The above experimental data show that the use of bis-triazinylamino-stilbene fluo-rescent whitening agent compounds with a specific combination of terminal groups according to the invention results in paper of improved whiteness in the presence of a salt of a bivalent cation, such as calcium chloride.
Claims (15)
1. A composition suitable for surface treatment of paper, wherein the composi-tion contains (a) at least one fluorescent whitening agent of the formula (I) wherein n and m are, independently of each other, an integer of 1, 2, or 3;
R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, C1 - C4 alkyl, C2 - C4 alkoxyalkyl, C2-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C2- C4 hydroxyalkyl; or R1 and R2 or R3 and R4 independently of each other together with N atom form morpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring;
wherein at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 contains at least 3 carbon atoms;
M represents hydrogen, or one equivalent of a cation, in particular Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, ammonium, or ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-substituted by C1 - C4 alkyl or C2 - C4 hydroxyalkyl;
(b) at least one salt of a bivalent cation;
(c) at least one carrier; and (d) water.
R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, C1 - C4 alkyl, C2 - C4 alkoxyalkyl, C2-C4 cyanoalkyl, or C2- C4 hydroxyalkyl; or R1 and R2 or R3 and R4 independently of each other together with N atom form morpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring;
wherein at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 contains at least 3 carbon atoms;
M represents hydrogen, or one equivalent of a cation, in particular Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, ammonium, or ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-substituted by C1 - C4 alkyl or C2 - C4 hydroxyalkyl;
(b) at least one salt of a bivalent cation;
(c) at least one carrier; and (d) water.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein n and m each are 2, and the -SO3M
groups are in 2,5-position.
groups are in 2,5-position.
3. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are, independ-ently of each other, propyl, cyanoethyl, or hydroxypropyl.
4. The composition of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein n and m are 2, and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are propyl.
5. The composition of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein n and m are 2, and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydroxypropyl, in particular hydroxyisopropyl.
6. The composition of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein n and m are 2, R1 and R3 are hydroxypropyl, in particular hydroxyisopropyl, and R2 and R4 are cyano-ethyl.
7. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein M is Na or K.
8. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the salt of compo-nent (b) is calcium chloride.
9. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier of com-ponent (c) is selected from carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, and mixtures thereof.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the carrier is starch.
11. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains component (a) in an amount of 0.02 to 3 weight-%, component (b) in an amount of 0.2 to 8 weight-%, and component (c) in an amount of 3 to 20 weight-%, each based on 100 weight-% of the composition.
12. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is a size press liquor which optionally contains a sizing agent.
13. A process for whitening paper, wherein a cellulose sheet is brought into con-tact with a composition as defined in any of the preceding claims.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein the contacting is conducted in a size press.
15. A paper obtainable by the process according to claim 13 or 14.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10171451.7A EP2412870B1 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2010-07-30 | Composition and process for whitening paper |
| EP10171451.7 | 2010-07-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2011/062081 WO2012013513A1 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2011-07-14 | Composition and process for whitening paper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2802544A1 true CA2802544A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
Family
ID=43446405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2802544A Abandoned CA2802544A1 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2011-07-14 | Composition and process for whitening paper |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130126117A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2412870B1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112013002342A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2802544A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012013513A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2781648B1 (en) | 2013-03-21 | 2016-01-06 | Clariant International Ltd. | Optical brightening agents for high quality ink-jet printing |
| ES2583481T3 (en) * | 2013-04-29 | 2016-09-21 | Blankophor Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of micronized cellulose and fluorescent whitening agent for surface treatment of cellulosic materials |
| CN104312197B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-09-21 | 旭泰（太仓）精细化工有限公司 | A kind of hexa-sulphonic acid liquid fluorescent whitening agents and preparation method and application |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8330404D0 (en) * | 1983-11-15 | 1983-12-21 | Dow Chemical Europ | Activation of fluorescent whitening agents |
| DE3502038A1 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-24 | Sandoz-Patent-GmbH, 7850 Lörrach | AQUEOUS BRIGHTENING DEVICES AND THEIR USE IN THE PAPER LINE |
| DE19706238B4 (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 2005-09-01 | Bayer Chemicals Ag | Process for the preparation of substituted 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acids |
| MY125712A (en) | 1997-07-31 | 2006-08-30 | Hercules Inc | Composition and method for improved ink jet printing performance |
| US6365737B1 (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2002-04-02 | Ciba Specialty Chemical Corporation | Process for the preparation of stilbene compounds |
| US6165973A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-12-26 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Fluorescent whitening agent, its preparation and use |
| DE10149313A1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-04-17 | Bayer Ag | Use of aqueous brightener preparations to lighten natural and synthetic materials |
| DE10217677A1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-11-06 | Bayer Ag | Use of brighteners for the production of coating slips |
| US7270771B2 (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2007-09-18 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Triazinylaminostilbene disulphonic acid mixtures |
| ES2329699T3 (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2009-11-30 | Basf Se | COMPOSITIONS OF FLUORESCENT WHITENING AGENTS. |
| US7682438B2 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2010-03-23 | International Paper Company | Paper substrate having enhanced print density |
| DE602008004328D1 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-02-17 | Kemira Germany Gmbh | Composition and process for paper bleaching |
| US20100129553A1 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-05-27 | International Paper Company | Optical Brightening Compositions For High Quality Inkjet Printing |
-
2010
- 2010-07-30 EP EP10171451.7A patent/EP2412870B1/en not_active Revoked
-
2011
- 2011-07-14 BR BR112013002342A patent/BR112013002342A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-07-14 CA CA2802544A patent/CA2802544A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-07-14 WO PCT/EP2011/062081 patent/WO2012013513A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-07-14 US US13/813,160 patent/US20130126117A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112013002342A2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
| EP2412870B1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
| EP2412870A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| WO2012013513A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
| US20130126117A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
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