CA2790368A1 - Monitor of ammonia in dosing system - Google Patents
Monitor of ammonia in dosing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2790368A1 CA2790368A1 CA2790368A CA2790368A CA2790368A1 CA 2790368 A1 CA2790368 A1 CA 2790368A1 CA 2790368 A CA2790368 A CA 2790368A CA 2790368 A CA2790368 A CA 2790368A CA 2790368 A1 CA2790368 A1 CA 2790368A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- luminescence
- luminophores
- optical sensor
- canister
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 322
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001631 strontium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sr+2] AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/76—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/021—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting ammonia NH3
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/12—Other sensor principles, e.g. using electro conductivity of substrate or radio frequency
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/12—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being in solid form, e.g. pellets or powder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/148—Arrangement of sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
An ammonia dosing system has a canister whose interior contains ammonia luminophores and a delivery apparatus for delivering ammonia from the canister interior into an exhaust after-treatment system to entrain with engine exhaust flowing toward an SCR catalyst for catalytic conversion of NO x in engine exhaust.
Description
MONITOR OF AMMONIA IN DOSING SYSTEM
Technical Field [0001] This disclosure relates to an ammonia dosing system which delivers ammonia in gas phase from an ammonia storage canister into exhaust for after-treatment of oxides of nitrogen (NO) in the exhaust by selective catalytic reduction (SCR).
Background [0002] Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is an exhaust after-treatment technology for enabling certain chemical reactions to occur between oxides of nitrogen (NO) in exhaust and ammonia (NH3) introduced in gas phase into an exhaust system upstream of an SCR catalyst to entrain with exhaust flowing toward the catalyst where catalytic reactions convert NO into Nitrogen (N2) and water (H20).
Technical Field [0001] This disclosure relates to an ammonia dosing system which delivers ammonia in gas phase from an ammonia storage canister into exhaust for after-treatment of oxides of nitrogen (NO) in the exhaust by selective catalytic reduction (SCR).
Background [0002] Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is an exhaust after-treatment technology for enabling certain chemical reactions to occur between oxides of nitrogen (NO) in exhaust and ammonia (NH3) introduced in gas phase into an exhaust system upstream of an SCR catalyst to entrain with exhaust flowing toward the catalyst where catalytic reactions convert NO into Nitrogen (N2) and water (H20).
[0003] A motor vehicle which uses SCR technology for after-treatment of engine exhaust produced by operation of an internal combustion engine carries an on-board supply of ammonia which is stored in one or more canisters. Such canisters are constructed to be removable from a vehicle, re-chargeable at a service facility, and re-installable in a vehicle.
[0004] Strontium chloride is an example of a storage medium which is present inside a canister for storing ammonia in solid phase and releasing stored ammonia in gas phase when heated to an ammonia release temperature.
[0005] Because selective catalytic reduction of NO cannot occur in the absence of ammonia, information about ammonia in an ammonia dosing system would be useful in avoiding potential loss or interruption of ammonia flow between an ammonia storage canister and in an exhaust system.
Summary of the Disclosure [0006] This disclosure introduces apparatus and method for acquiring information about ammonia in an ammonia dosing system through the use of optically detectable ammonia.
Summary of the Disclosure [0006] This disclosure introduces apparatus and method for acquiring information about ammonia in an ammonia dosing system through the use of optically detectable ammonia.
[0007] Certain gases which are typically considered not optically detectable can be made optically detectable by certain processes. A
process which creates what are called "fluorophore absorber pairs" in an ammonia molecule can render ammonia optically detectable. The fluorophore absorber pairs radiate absorbed energy at a characteristic wavelength.
process which creates what are called "fluorophore absorber pairs" in an ammonia molecule can render ammonia optically detectable. The fluorophore absorber pairs radiate absorbed energy at a characteristic wavelength.
[0008] A gas which has been rendered optically detectable may be said to luminesce or fluoresce. Although the terms "luminophore" and "fluorophore" are used in scientific literature as descriptors of molecules which are optically detectable, it appears that the latter is used to characterize certain species of the fanner. The process which creates fluorophore absorber pairs in an ammonia molecule suggests that the molecule is a fluorophore, a species of the generic descriptor "luminophore." The present applicants will use the term "luminophore" here as a generic descriptor of an optically detectable molecule.
[0009] The apparatus and method disclosed here are useful in an ammonia dosing system which treats engine exhaust passing through an SCR
after-treatment system using ammonia which contains ammonia luminophores.
after-treatment system using ammonia which contains ammonia luminophores.
[0010] The presence of ammonia luminophores in an ammonia dosing system provides luminescence of ammonia which renders the ammonia detectable by optical sensing apparatus.
[0011] Specific sensing capabilities of optical sensing apparatus are a function of specific optical sensing technique employed and can extend from merely distinguishing between the presence and the absence of ammonia to measuring ammonia quantity and/or ammonia flow.
[0012] Several embodiments of apparatus are disclosed.
[0013] The apparatus and method can reduce the likelihood that an ammonia storage canister which contains little or no ammonia being installed in a vehicle.
[0014] The apparatus and method can indicate quantity of ammonia present inside an ammonia storage canister.
[0015] The apparatus and method can indicate outflow of ammonia from an ammonia storage canister.
[0016] A general aspect of the disclosed subject matter relates to an internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust after-treatment system comprising an SCR catalyst, and an ammonia dosing system comprising a canister having an interior containing optically detectable ammonia and a delivery apparatus for delivering optically detectable ammonia from the canister interior into the exhaust after-treatment system to entrain with engine exhaust flowing toward the SCR catalyst for catalytic conversion of NO, in the engine exhaust.
[0017] A monitor of ammonia luminophores comprises at least one optical sensor for detecting luminescence of ammonia luminophores in the ammonia dosing system.
[0018] The monitor comprises a device providing a signal distinguishing high luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor and low luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor.
[0019] The least one optical sensor provides a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor detects, and the monitor converts a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor detects into a quantified measure of ammonia.
[0020] The monitor provides a signal alert when a quantified measure of ammonia is less than a predetermined quantity.
[0021] The canister comprises a port via which the canister separably connects to the delivery apparatus, and the at least one optical sensor is arranged to view luminescence of ammonia luminophores within the canister's interior.
[0022] When the canister's port is connected to the delivery apparatus and the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores greater than a predetermined luminescence, a closure is operated to allow ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system. When the canister's port is connected to the delivery apparatus and the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores less than the predetermined luminescence, the closure is operated to disallow ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system.
[0023] In a disclosed embodiment, the closure and the at least one optical sensor are mounted on the delivery apparatus.
[0024] Another general aspect of the disclosed subject matter relates to a method for detection of ammonia in an ammonia dosing system which delivers ammonia into an engine exhaust after-treatment system to entrain with exhaust flowing toward an SCR catalyst for catalytic conversion of NOR. The method comprises: installing in the ammonia dosing system an ammonia storage canister which contains ammonia luminophores; operating the ammonia dosing system to deliver ammonia from the ammonia storage canister into the exhaust after-treatment system; and using at least one optical sensor to detect luminescence of ammonia luminophores in the ammonia dosing system.
[0025] The method comprises providing a signal distinguishing high luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor and low luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor.
[0026] The method comprises using a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor detects to quantify a measure of ammonia.
[0027] The method provides a signal alert when a quantified measure of ammonia is less than a predetermined quantity.
[0028] The method comprises arranging the at least one optical sensor to view luminescence of ammonia luminophores in the canister's interior and when the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores greater than a predetemiined luminescence, allowing ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system, and when the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores less than the predetermined luminescence, disallowing ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system.
Brief Description of the Drawings [0029] Figure 1 is a general schematic diagram of an internal combustion engine which utilizes SCR to convert NO in engine exhaust by chemical reaction with ammonia introduced into the exhaust.
Brief Description of the Drawings [0029] Figure 1 is a general schematic diagram of an internal combustion engine which utilizes SCR to convert NO in engine exhaust by chemical reaction with ammonia introduced into the exhaust.
[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing more detail.
[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram similar to Figure 2 but showing a different embodiment.
Detailed Description [0032] Figure 1 shows a representative internal combustion engine 10 which can be used in stationary or mobile applications. For example, engine 10 may be a diesel engine of the type which propels a motor vehicle such as a truck and which comprises structure forming a number of engine cylinders 12 into which fuel is injected by fuel injectors 14 to combust with air which has entered combustion chamber spaces of engine cylinders 12 through an intake system 16 when cylinder intake valves 18 for controlling admission of air from an intake manifold 20 into respective engine cylinders 12 are open.
Detailed Description [0032] Figure 1 shows a representative internal combustion engine 10 which can be used in stationary or mobile applications. For example, engine 10 may be a diesel engine of the type which propels a motor vehicle such as a truck and which comprises structure forming a number of engine cylinders 12 into which fuel is injected by fuel injectors 14 to combust with air which has entered combustion chamber spaces of engine cylinders 12 through an intake system 16 when cylinder intake valves 18 for controlling admission of air from an intake manifold 20 into respective engine cylinders 12 are open.
[0033] Engine 10 also comprises an exhaust system 22 through which engine exhaust created by combustion of injected fuel in the combustion chamber spaces to operate engine 10 is conveyed to atmosphere. Cylinder exhaust valves 24 control admission of exhaust from respective engine cylinders 12 into an exhaust manifold 26 for further conveyance through exhaust system 22.
[0034] Exhaust system 22 includes an exhaust after-treatment system 28, including an SCR catalyst 30 for treating exhaust passing through after-treatment system 28 prior to entry into the atmosphere. An ammonia dosing system 32 provides ammonia in gas phase for catalytic conversion of NO in the exhaust.
[0035] Ammonia dosing system 32 comprises at least one ammonia storage canister 34 and an ammonia dosing controller 36 for controlling delivery of ammonia through an ammonia delivery apparatus 38 into after-treatment system 28 and for monitoring ammonia in the ammonia dosing system.
[0036] Figure 2 shows one of the storage canisters 34 to comprise a walled enclosure 40 having a port 42 at one axial end via which the canister separably connects to ammonia delivery apparatus 38.
[0037] Ammonia delivery apparatus 38 comprises a tubular conduit terminating is a fitting 44 to which port 42 separably connects. Fitting 44 contains at least one optical sensor 46 and a selectively positionable closure 48.
[0038] Canister 34 comprises an interior containing an ammonia storage medium 50 for storing ammonia in solid phase and releasing stored ammonia in gas phase when heated to an ammonia release temperature. The stored ammonia comprises ammonia luminophores in quantity sufficient to provide for detection by at least one optical sensor 46 even when ammonia remaining in canister 34 reaches a point calling for canister replacement. Figure 2 shows at least one optical sensor 46 arranged to view luminescence of optically detectable ammonia within the canister's interior.
[0039] The at least one sensor 46 and any associated device or devices, such as a device 52, form a monitor 54 of ammonia luminophores.
Specific sensing capabilities of a particular monitor 54 are a function of specific optical sensing technique employed. A monitor may have a capability extending beyond merely detecting the presence or absence of ammonia to a capability of measuring ammonia quantity and/or ammonia flow.
Specific sensing capabilities of a particular monitor 54 are a function of specific optical sensing technique employed. A monitor may have a capability extending beyond merely detecting the presence or absence of ammonia to a capability of measuring ammonia quantity and/or ammonia flow.
[0040] Device 52 functions to provide a signal distinguishing high luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor 46 and low luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor 46. Low luminescence includes no luminescence.
[0041] At least one sensor 46 which provides a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor 46 detects can enable monitor 54 to convert a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor 46 detects into a quantified measure of ammonia in canister 34.
[0042] Monitor 54 can provide a signal alert when a quantified measure of ammonia is less than a predetermined quantity. This is useful in signaling that ammonia in a canister presently in use is approaching depletion and that a fresh canister should be brought on line.
[0043] When port 42 is connected to fitting 44 so that at least one optical sensor 46 can detect luminescence of ammonia luminophores within the canister interior, and the detected luminescence is greater than a predetetntined luminescence, ammonia dosing controller 36 positions closure 48 via an actuator (not shown) to allow ammonia flow between the canister interior and after-treatment system 28. When port 42 is connected to fitting 44 and at least one optical sensor 46 detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores less than the predetermined luminescence, ammonia dosing controller 36 positions closure 48 to disallow ammonia flow between the canister interior and the after-treatment system.
[0044] Because of the presence of at least one optical sensor 46 and closure 48 in association with ammonia dosing controller 36, the presence of ammonia in a newly installed canister will be verified by at least one sensor 46 detecting luminescence of ammonia luminophores within the interior of the canister and consequently ammonia dosing controller 36 operating closure 48 to allow flow. If the presence of ammonia in a newly installed canister is not verified, ammonia dosing controller 36 maintains closure 48 in the same closed position which it had assumed when the previous canister was disconnected from fitting 44 to disallow flow.
[0045] The embodiment of Figure 3 differs from that of Figure 2 in that the at least one sensor 46 and closure 48 are mounted on canister port 42 rather than on fitting 44. Both the least one sensor 46 and the actuator for operating closure 48 are to be connected to device 52 and ammonia dosing controller 36 as shown after port 42 has been connected to fitting 44.
Claims (13)
1. An internal combustion engine comprising:
an exhaust after-treatment system comprising an SCR catalyst;
an ammonia dosing system comprising a canister having an interior containing ammonia luminophores and a delivery apparatus for delivering ammonia from the canister interior into the exhaust after-treatment system to entrain with engine exhaust flowing toward the SCR catalyst for catalytic conversion of NO x in the engine exhaust.
an exhaust after-treatment system comprising an SCR catalyst;
an ammonia dosing system comprising a canister having an interior containing ammonia luminophores and a delivery apparatus for delivering ammonia from the canister interior into the exhaust after-treatment system to entrain with engine exhaust flowing toward the SCR catalyst for catalytic conversion of NO x in the engine exhaust.
2. The internal combustion engine set forth in Claim 1 including a monitor of ammonia luminophores comprising at least one optical sensor for detecting luminescence of ammonia luminophores in the ammonia dosing system.
3. The internal combustion engine set forth in Claim 2 in which the monitor comprises a device providing a signal distinguishing high luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor and low luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor.
4. The internal combustion engine set forth in Claim 2 in which the at least one optical sensor provides a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor detects, and the monitor converts a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor detects into a quantitative measure of ammonia.
5. The internal combustion engine set forth in Claim 4 in which the monitor provides a signal alert when a quantified measure of ammonia is less than a predetermined quantity.
6. The internal combustion engine set forth in Claim 2 in which the canister comprises a port via which the canister separably connects to the delivery apparatus, and the at least one optical sensor is arranged to view luminescence of ammonia luminophores within the canister's interior.
7. The internal combustion engine set forth in Claim 6 including a closure which, when the canister's port is connected to the delivery apparatus and the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores greater than a predetermined luminescence, allows ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system, and which, when the canister's port is connected to the delivery apparatus and the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores less than the predetermined luminescence, disallows ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system.
8. The internal combustion engine set forth in Claim 7 in which the closure and the at least one optical sensor are mounted on the delivery apparatus.
9. A method for detection of ammonia in an ammonia dosing system which delivers ammonia into an engine exhaust after-treatment system to entrain with exhaust flowing toward an SCR catalyst for catalytic conversion of NO x, the method comprising:
installing in the ammonia dosing system an ammonia storage canister which contains ammonia luminophores;
operating the ammonia dosing system to deliver ammonia from the ammonia storage canister into the exhaust after-treatment system; and using at least one optical sensor to detect luminescence of ammonia luminophores in the ammonia dosing system.
installing in the ammonia dosing system an ammonia storage canister which contains ammonia luminophores;
operating the ammonia dosing system to deliver ammonia from the ammonia storage canister into the exhaust after-treatment system; and using at least one optical sensor to detect luminescence of ammonia luminophores in the ammonia dosing system.
10. The method set forth in Claim 9 comprising providing a signal distinguishing high luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor and low luminescence of ammonia luminophores detected by the at least one optical sensor.
11. The method set forth in Claim 9 comprising using a measure of luminescence of ammonia luminophores which the at least one optical sensor detects to quantify a measure of ammonia.
12. The method set forth in Claim 11 including providing a signal alert when a quantified measure of ammonia is less than a predetermined quantity.
13. The method set forth in Claim 9 comprising arranging the at least one optical sensor to view luminescence of ammonia luminophores in the canister's interior and when the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores greater than a predetermined luminescence, allowing ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system, and when the at least one optical sensor detects luminescence of ammonia luminophores less than the predetermined luminescence, disallowing ammonia flow between the canister interior and the exhaust after-treatment system.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/273,455 | 2011-10-14 | ||
| US13/273,455 US20130091827A1 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2011-10-14 | Monitor of ammonia in dosing system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2790368A1 true CA2790368A1 (en) | 2013-04-14 |
Family
ID=47990823
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2790368A Abandoned CA2790368A1 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-09-19 | Monitor of ammonia in dosing system |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130091827A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103046990A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR102012025996A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2790368A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102012109077A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2012011999A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE1251150A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104344869A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-02-11 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Photoelectric detection method for remaining ammonia amount of solid ammonia storage system |
| CN103410593B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2017-03-15 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | The laser detecting method of remaining ammonia amount of solid ammonia storage system |
| CN103541798B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2016-05-04 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | The detection method of the residue ammonia amount of the solid storage ammonia system based on mass flowmenter |
| CN103541796B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2016-03-09 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | The ammonia method of measurement of solid storage ammonia system |
| WO2020060688A1 (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. | Optical sensing of nox and ammonia in aftertreatment systems |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3904371A (en) * | 1974-03-04 | 1975-09-09 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Chemiluminescent ammonia detection |
| JPS5885155A (en) * | 1981-11-14 | 1983-05-21 | Kimoto Denshi Kogyo Kk | Concentration measurement for nitrogen compound in gas |
| JP2001021546A (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-01-26 | Horiba Ltd | Analytical method of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate/ nitrite nitrogen and total nitrogen |
| JP3687917B2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-08-24 | 日産ディーゼル工業株式会社 | Liquid reducing agent concentration and remaining amount detection device |
| DE102004050023A1 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-04-27 | L'orange Gmbh | Device for the metered injection of a reducing agent into the exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine |
| US7954312B2 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2011-06-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Approach for detecting reductant availability and make-up |
-
2011
- 2011-10-14 US US13/273,455 patent/US20130091827A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-09-19 CA CA2790368A patent/CA2790368A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-09-26 DE DE102012109077A patent/DE102012109077A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-10-10 BR BR102012025996-6A patent/BR102012025996A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-10-11 SE SE1251150A patent/SE1251150A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-10-12 MX MX2012011999A patent/MX2012011999A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-10-12 CN CN2012103886369A patent/CN103046990A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103046990A (en) | 2013-04-17 |
| SE1251150A1 (en) | 2013-04-15 |
| US20130091827A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| MX2012011999A (en) | 2013-05-10 |
| DE102012109077A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| BR102012025996A2 (en) | 2014-08-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20130091827A1 (en) | Monitor of ammonia in dosing system | |
| US8234854B2 (en) | System and method for heating a reducing agent associated with a reducing agent distribution system | |
| JP6136960B2 (en) | Exhaust system structure of internal combustion engine | |
| CN102725490B (en) | Method for introducing a reductant into an exhaust stream | |
| US8359834B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for injection of a fluid for an exhaust gases treatment device | |
| CN102022171B (en) | Thermally efficient exhaust treatment system for internal combustion engine | |
| US20100031639A1 (en) | System for Controlling Urea Injection Quantity of Vehicle and Method Thereof | |
| KR102082534B1 (en) | Compact exhaust gas treatment system and method of operating the same | |
| US8250857B2 (en) | Exhaust aftertreatment system | |
| US20150128566A1 (en) | Exhaust gas purification system and method for purifying exhaust gas | |
| US20160040575A1 (en) | Pump purge for urea dosing system | |
| CN103321723B (en) | There is solid-state ammonia and produce the exhaust-gas treatment system of material | |
| CN102213145A (en) | Selectively storing reformate | |
| CN102414406A (en) | Method for detecting abnormality in reducing agent | |
| CN104131871A (en) | Diesel exhaust fluid control system | |
| WO2013153257A1 (en) | Arrangement for treating exhaust gases of an internal combustion piston engine, an internal combustion piston engine and method of treating exhaust gas of an internal combustion piston engine | |
| US20150240683A1 (en) | Reductant supply system | |
| US20120060480A1 (en) | Exhaust gas purifiying apparatus in internal combustion engine | |
| GB2504359A (en) | Method of controlling an engine having an exhaust gas recirculation apparatus and an exhaust gas treatment apparatus | |
| EP2131022B1 (en) | Thermal management of the after treatment system | |
| US11105240B2 (en) | Systems and methods for controlling a shut-off valve of a dosing control system | |
| WO2019152294A1 (en) | Connectivity system for internal combustion engine with aftertreatment system | |
| CN105189955A (en) | Exhaust system for dual fuel engines | |
| CN104047681A (en) | Post processing device for hybrid diesel engine exhaust fluid | |
| EP1801377B1 (en) | Method and system of exhaust gas treatment of an internal combustion engine, system and vehicle equipped with said system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20150921 |