CA2764525C - Method and device for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like Download PDFInfo
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- CA2764525C CA2764525C CA2764525A CA2764525A CA2764525C CA 2764525 C CA2764525 C CA 2764525C CA 2764525 A CA2764525 A CA 2764525A CA 2764525 A CA2764525 A CA 2764525A CA 2764525 C CA2764525 C CA 2764525C
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- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- muzzle
- weapon barrel
- launcher tube
- coupler
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
- G01S11/02—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves
- G01S11/023—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves using impedance elements varying with distance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/32—Muzzle attachments or glands
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/64—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P3/66—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/665—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using electric or magnetic means for projectile velocity measurements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a reduction in the measurement construction by reducing the distance (z x) between the receiving (3, 4) and transmitting coupler (2) to preferably 0 mm. However, the implementation of this concept is complicated by the fact that, below a certain distance (z k) between the couplers (2, 3, 4), it is no longer possible to determine individual terms, but only so-called sum fields. This requires a splitting of said sum fields in order to determine the muzzle velocity (v0) therefrom.
Description
DESCRIPTION
Method and device for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like The invention relates to the subject of reducing the overall length of a weapon barrel, particularly one operated as a waveguide. A waveguide is a tube with a characteristic cross-sectional form, which has a wall that is a very good electrical conductor. Rectangular and circular waveguides enjoy particularly widespread technical use.
One method of operating the barrel as a circular waveguide and measuring the Doppler velocity of the projectile in the barrel can be found in EP 0 023 365 A2. The frequency of the signal in this case is above the cutoff frequency of the waveguide mode concerned.
The electromagnetic wave that is formed here propagates in the barrel and is reflected by the projectile. In addition, there is a Doppler frequency shift that depends on the instantaneous velocity. A muzzle velocity for the projectile is then determined from this.
DE 10 2006 058 375 Al, on the other hand, proposes the use of the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or parts of the muzzle brake as a waveguide. However, this waveguide is operated below the cutoff frequency of the waveguide mode concerned.
DE 10 2008 024 574.7, which was not published prior to this, addresses the same problem, wherein the possibility of varying the distance between the couplers and the individual choice of distance depending on the mode selection of the waveguide (that is to say > 0) is proposed. Different measuring devices n712-324 ar e envisaged. If the receiving coupler is disposed between the base of the projectile base and the transmitting coupler, a measurement can be taken after the projectile has passed. If the receiving coupler is positioned between the projectile nose and the transmitting coupler, the muzzle velocity is measured before the projectile passes. The combination of the two measuring methods is preferred, which means that at least two receiving couplers are correspondingly provided, while the transmitting coupler must then be disposed between the two receiving couplers. The signal generator (e.g. oscillator) generates a signal with a constant mid-frequency, and is operated below the waveguide's lowest cutoff frequency. A plurality of waveguide modes (TEõ,, where m = 0, 1, 2_ and n = 1, 2, 3m) are excited by the geometry and nature of the transmitting coupler (coil, dipole, etc.). The signal generator produces either a carrier in the continuous-wave mode (CW mode) or a modulated signal. The distance between the transmitting coupler and the receiving couplers in this case is chosen such that the received signal is dominated by the single mode (n = 1) term.
However, this requires a specific waveguide or weapon = barrel length to be observed.
Based on this principle, the invention addresses the problem of being able to reduce the length of the waveguide or =weapon barrel.
- '21712-324 - 2a -Some embodiments of the invention relate to a method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile with a weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake operated as a waveguide, involving the steps: generation of an electromagnetic field by means of an oscillator, measurement of the electromagnetic field of the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake without the projectile to determine a calibrating term, measurement of the electromagnetic field in front of the projectile and/or behind the projectile to determine an induced voltage over time, subtraction of the calibrating term from the induced voltage to determine a reflected electromagnetic field, determination of the muzzle velocity from the measured signals, such that the reflected field is broken down into coefficients, with which terms are formed, wherein a muzzle velocity is calculated per term and by finding the average of all muzzle velocities of the terms, the muzzle velocity of the projectile is determined.
Some embodiments of the invention relate to a weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake, which is operated as a waveguide to measure the muzzle velocity of a projectile, with an oscillator, which is electrically connected to a transmitting coupler via a signal supply to excite the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake, and a receiving line to transfer the signals measured at at least one receiving coupler to an evaluation device to implement the method as described above, such that a reduction in the distance between the transmitting coupler and the receiving coupler to 0 mm is made possible.
The invention is based on the idea of shortening the measurement arrangement by reducing the distance between the receiving and transmitting couplers preferably to 0 mm. However, the implementation of this concept is complicated by the fact that, when there is less than a certain distance between the couplers, it is no longer possible to determine individual terms, but only so-called sum fields. This requires splitting of said sum fields, in order to determine the muzzle velocity vo therefrom.
Hence, similarly to DE 10 2008 024 574 Al, the source field generated by the transmitting coupler is measured first, in other words, when there is no projectile in the waveguide. As is commonly known, when the projectile passes the receiving coupler this produces a characteristic, reflected sum signal, which is sampled in time and read into an evaluation device. This sum signal contains information on the velocity vo of the projectile (6,z(t)), but said sum signal cannot be read out directly. The induced voltage is therefore measured to implement the basic idea underlying the invention and the source field is subtracted from this. The remaining reflected (electromagnetic) sum field is then split into individual terms by software, so that a plurality of velocities are determined over time. An extremely accurate projectile velocity is then determined from this by determining the average.
The shorter overall length of the measurement arrangement reduces the risk posed by sabots being detached within the measurement device, particularly when using sub-caliber projectiles. Likewise, a weight reduction is achieved, which increases the weapon's stability. The measuring accuracy increases, as the process is more resistant to vibration and shocks during firing.
For munitions in the 35 mm caliber range, the oscillator frequency may preferably fall within the 40 MHz to 80 MHz range, although it is not itself set to a particular value. Different frequency ranges may be . - 4 -provided for different calibers. This frequency range (40 MHz and 80 MHz) facilitates simple procurement of components for this frequency range, particularly since component tolerances have no effect on the measuring process. In addition, only small electromagnetic emissions are produced.
The invention will be described in greater detail using an exemplary embodiment with a drawing.
In this:
Fig. 1 is a measurement device for measuring the velocity before the projectile, Fig. 2 is a measuring device for measuring the projectile velocity after the projectile, Fig. 3 is a representation of the signal processing steps in the two measuring processes.
In Figs. 1 and 2, 1 denotes a waveguide or a weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or parts of the muzzle brake, in which a transmitting coupler 2 is incorporated. In Fig. 1 a receiving coupler 3 is spaced away from the transmitting coupler 2 towards the barrel mount. In Fig. 2 a receiving coupler 4 is spaced away from the transmitting coupler 2 towards the muzzle. The transmitting coupler 2 is electrically connected to an oscillator 5. The two receiving couplers 3, 4 are in turn connected to an evaluation device 6. A combination of the arrangement of the two receiving couplers 3, 4 in a measurement setup 10 is preferred, but it is not a condition. A projectile 7, the velocity vo of which is to be measured, is projectile through the waveguide 1 /
weapon barrel. This arrangement is already known from DE 10 2008 024 574.7, which is referred to here.
The distance between the transmitting coupler 2 and the respective receiving coupler 3, 4 is designated zK. The positioning of the couplers 2, 3, 4 relative to one another is determined as claimed in DE 10 2008 024 574.7 via an induced voltage of the oscillator 5, which is calculated as claimed in the following formula:
Pi * ZK
a UIND Al * lc!
In this case, UIND is the value of the induced voltage Al and Al is the measurement amplitude, pi is a given constant obtained directly from the solution of the Maxwell equations of the measuring system 10, a is the internal diameter of the waveguide 1. This internal diameter a should be at least equal to or preferably slightly greater than the weapon's barrel caliber. zk defines the distance value between the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3, (4). This distance is determined numerically and verified experimentally, such that of, the terms ID', only the first term pi dominates. It is permanently set in this case. This value is determined for each diameter of the measurement device 10 / of the waveguide 1 and is independent of the ammunition 7 used.
In order to now allow the overall length of the waveguide 1 to be reduced, while at the same time increasing the measurement accuracy of the Vo measurement, signal processing as claimed in Fig. 3, for example, is proposed.
The distance between the projectile base or projectile nose and the receiving coupler 3 or 4 is designated Az(t), where t is time. It is important to note that Lz(t) = 0 mm when the projectile base (nose) passes the receiving coupler 3, 4.
To reduce the size of the available space, zk is now reduced. The value will therefore differ from the given value for single-mode operation. In other words, if a smaller value is chosen for zk, this single-mode operation will no longer dominate and the induced voltage will once again have the formula Pn * zK
a UIND = An * e n=
The terms in the above expression are constant over time, and the individual terms decay in space at different rates.
As the projectile 7 moves away from or approaches the receiving coupler 3, 4, an induced voltage UIND is measured, as described in greater detail in Fig. 3. The first term "A" in this formula is constant over time and may be used for calibration. It is preferably measured continuously, but particularly shortly before firing, in other words, when there is still no projectile 7 in the waveguide 1. These values are continuously stored, preferably in the shift register of the evaluation unit 6. All changes in the constants, which are caused, for example, by temperature effects in the weapon, are eliminated by such a calibration. If the profile of the signal UIND is now sampled in time with the second term "B" upon firing, additional signal processing can be carried out in accordance with Fig.
3.
Therefore, in a first step following measurement of the induced voltage UIND (t), the calibration term "A" is subtracted from UIND. This leaves the so-called sum field (reflected electromagnetic field) - the term "B".
The time profile of the sum field "B" is then broken down into the coefficients Bm. These may be determined using known curve fitting methods, taking account of known optimization requirements, such as the least squares method. The choice of optimization requirements is influenced by the nature and level of the noise which is present on the UIND signal.
The terms B1, B2, B3mBm can be formed in parallel with the coefficient Bm, as pm and a (internal radius of the waveguide 1) are known. The logarithm of each term is then taken. With this mathematical operation, an offset term is produced, which depends only on the known value Bm and is compensated for by subtraction. As an interim result, a further term with the known pm, a and vo =
Az(t) is produced. A muzzle velocity v01, v02, v03...vom is thereby calculated per term 1, 2, 3mm. By finding the average of all vol_m, the final result vo is determined.
Finding the average in this way means that vo is determined with greater accuracy.
The proposed method allows the distance between the transmitting coupler 2 and the receiving couplers 3, 4 to be reduced from zk to 0 mm, so that the waveguide can be shortened at least in this area. In an ideal scenario (zk = 0 mm), the transmitting coupler 2 should be able to carry out the function of the receiving coupler(s) 3, 4, so that the induced voltage is directly measured at the transmitting coupler 2.
To simplify matters, further signal modifications, e.g.
using mixing methods for frequency reduction, may precede the evaluation electronics 6 (not shown in greater detail). To increase the evaluation speed, the shift register should be sufficiently large in size for values at measurement intervals of "per second" to be recorded, for example, so that all calibration data can be used for the evaluation.
Method and device for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like The invention relates to the subject of reducing the overall length of a weapon barrel, particularly one operated as a waveguide. A waveguide is a tube with a characteristic cross-sectional form, which has a wall that is a very good electrical conductor. Rectangular and circular waveguides enjoy particularly widespread technical use.
One method of operating the barrel as a circular waveguide and measuring the Doppler velocity of the projectile in the barrel can be found in EP 0 023 365 A2. The frequency of the signal in this case is above the cutoff frequency of the waveguide mode concerned.
The electromagnetic wave that is formed here propagates in the barrel and is reflected by the projectile. In addition, there is a Doppler frequency shift that depends on the instantaneous velocity. A muzzle velocity for the projectile is then determined from this.
DE 10 2006 058 375 Al, on the other hand, proposes the use of the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or parts of the muzzle brake as a waveguide. However, this waveguide is operated below the cutoff frequency of the waveguide mode concerned.
DE 10 2008 024 574.7, which was not published prior to this, addresses the same problem, wherein the possibility of varying the distance between the couplers and the individual choice of distance depending on the mode selection of the waveguide (that is to say > 0) is proposed. Different measuring devices n712-324 ar e envisaged. If the receiving coupler is disposed between the base of the projectile base and the transmitting coupler, a measurement can be taken after the projectile has passed. If the receiving coupler is positioned between the projectile nose and the transmitting coupler, the muzzle velocity is measured before the projectile passes. The combination of the two measuring methods is preferred, which means that at least two receiving couplers are correspondingly provided, while the transmitting coupler must then be disposed between the two receiving couplers. The signal generator (e.g. oscillator) generates a signal with a constant mid-frequency, and is operated below the waveguide's lowest cutoff frequency. A plurality of waveguide modes (TEõ,, where m = 0, 1, 2_ and n = 1, 2, 3m) are excited by the geometry and nature of the transmitting coupler (coil, dipole, etc.). The signal generator produces either a carrier in the continuous-wave mode (CW mode) or a modulated signal. The distance between the transmitting coupler and the receiving couplers in this case is chosen such that the received signal is dominated by the single mode (n = 1) term.
However, this requires a specific waveguide or weapon = barrel length to be observed.
Based on this principle, the invention addresses the problem of being able to reduce the length of the waveguide or =weapon barrel.
- '21712-324 - 2a -Some embodiments of the invention relate to a method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile with a weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake operated as a waveguide, involving the steps: generation of an electromagnetic field by means of an oscillator, measurement of the electromagnetic field of the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake without the projectile to determine a calibrating term, measurement of the electromagnetic field in front of the projectile and/or behind the projectile to determine an induced voltage over time, subtraction of the calibrating term from the induced voltage to determine a reflected electromagnetic field, determination of the muzzle velocity from the measured signals, such that the reflected field is broken down into coefficients, with which terms are formed, wherein a muzzle velocity is calculated per term and by finding the average of all muzzle velocities of the terms, the muzzle velocity of the projectile is determined.
Some embodiments of the invention relate to a weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake, which is operated as a waveguide to measure the muzzle velocity of a projectile, with an oscillator, which is electrically connected to a transmitting coupler via a signal supply to excite the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake, and a receiving line to transfer the signals measured at at least one receiving coupler to an evaluation device to implement the method as described above, such that a reduction in the distance between the transmitting coupler and the receiving coupler to 0 mm is made possible.
The invention is based on the idea of shortening the measurement arrangement by reducing the distance between the receiving and transmitting couplers preferably to 0 mm. However, the implementation of this concept is complicated by the fact that, when there is less than a certain distance between the couplers, it is no longer possible to determine individual terms, but only so-called sum fields. This requires splitting of said sum fields, in order to determine the muzzle velocity vo therefrom.
Hence, similarly to DE 10 2008 024 574 Al, the source field generated by the transmitting coupler is measured first, in other words, when there is no projectile in the waveguide. As is commonly known, when the projectile passes the receiving coupler this produces a characteristic, reflected sum signal, which is sampled in time and read into an evaluation device. This sum signal contains information on the velocity vo of the projectile (6,z(t)), but said sum signal cannot be read out directly. The induced voltage is therefore measured to implement the basic idea underlying the invention and the source field is subtracted from this. The remaining reflected (electromagnetic) sum field is then split into individual terms by software, so that a plurality of velocities are determined over time. An extremely accurate projectile velocity is then determined from this by determining the average.
The shorter overall length of the measurement arrangement reduces the risk posed by sabots being detached within the measurement device, particularly when using sub-caliber projectiles. Likewise, a weight reduction is achieved, which increases the weapon's stability. The measuring accuracy increases, as the process is more resistant to vibration and shocks during firing.
For munitions in the 35 mm caliber range, the oscillator frequency may preferably fall within the 40 MHz to 80 MHz range, although it is not itself set to a particular value. Different frequency ranges may be . - 4 -provided for different calibers. This frequency range (40 MHz and 80 MHz) facilitates simple procurement of components for this frequency range, particularly since component tolerances have no effect on the measuring process. In addition, only small electromagnetic emissions are produced.
The invention will be described in greater detail using an exemplary embodiment with a drawing.
In this:
Fig. 1 is a measurement device for measuring the velocity before the projectile, Fig. 2 is a measuring device for measuring the projectile velocity after the projectile, Fig. 3 is a representation of the signal processing steps in the two measuring processes.
In Figs. 1 and 2, 1 denotes a waveguide or a weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or parts of the muzzle brake, in which a transmitting coupler 2 is incorporated. In Fig. 1 a receiving coupler 3 is spaced away from the transmitting coupler 2 towards the barrel mount. In Fig. 2 a receiving coupler 4 is spaced away from the transmitting coupler 2 towards the muzzle. The transmitting coupler 2 is electrically connected to an oscillator 5. The two receiving couplers 3, 4 are in turn connected to an evaluation device 6. A combination of the arrangement of the two receiving couplers 3, 4 in a measurement setup 10 is preferred, but it is not a condition. A projectile 7, the velocity vo of which is to be measured, is projectile through the waveguide 1 /
weapon barrel. This arrangement is already known from DE 10 2008 024 574.7, which is referred to here.
The distance between the transmitting coupler 2 and the respective receiving coupler 3, 4 is designated zK. The positioning of the couplers 2, 3, 4 relative to one another is determined as claimed in DE 10 2008 024 574.7 via an induced voltage of the oscillator 5, which is calculated as claimed in the following formula:
Pi * ZK
a UIND Al * lc!
In this case, UIND is the value of the induced voltage Al and Al is the measurement amplitude, pi is a given constant obtained directly from the solution of the Maxwell equations of the measuring system 10, a is the internal diameter of the waveguide 1. This internal diameter a should be at least equal to or preferably slightly greater than the weapon's barrel caliber. zk defines the distance value between the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3, (4). This distance is determined numerically and verified experimentally, such that of, the terms ID', only the first term pi dominates. It is permanently set in this case. This value is determined for each diameter of the measurement device 10 / of the waveguide 1 and is independent of the ammunition 7 used.
In order to now allow the overall length of the waveguide 1 to be reduced, while at the same time increasing the measurement accuracy of the Vo measurement, signal processing as claimed in Fig. 3, for example, is proposed.
The distance between the projectile base or projectile nose and the receiving coupler 3 or 4 is designated Az(t), where t is time. It is important to note that Lz(t) = 0 mm when the projectile base (nose) passes the receiving coupler 3, 4.
To reduce the size of the available space, zk is now reduced. The value will therefore differ from the given value for single-mode operation. In other words, if a smaller value is chosen for zk, this single-mode operation will no longer dominate and the induced voltage will once again have the formula Pn * zK
a UIND = An * e n=
The terms in the above expression are constant over time, and the individual terms decay in space at different rates.
As the projectile 7 moves away from or approaches the receiving coupler 3, 4, an induced voltage UIND is measured, as described in greater detail in Fig. 3. The first term "A" in this formula is constant over time and may be used for calibration. It is preferably measured continuously, but particularly shortly before firing, in other words, when there is still no projectile 7 in the waveguide 1. These values are continuously stored, preferably in the shift register of the evaluation unit 6. All changes in the constants, which are caused, for example, by temperature effects in the weapon, are eliminated by such a calibration. If the profile of the signal UIND is now sampled in time with the second term "B" upon firing, additional signal processing can be carried out in accordance with Fig.
3.
Therefore, in a first step following measurement of the induced voltage UIND (t), the calibration term "A" is subtracted from UIND. This leaves the so-called sum field (reflected electromagnetic field) - the term "B".
The time profile of the sum field "B" is then broken down into the coefficients Bm. These may be determined using known curve fitting methods, taking account of known optimization requirements, such as the least squares method. The choice of optimization requirements is influenced by the nature and level of the noise which is present on the UIND signal.
The terms B1, B2, B3mBm can be formed in parallel with the coefficient Bm, as pm and a (internal radius of the waveguide 1) are known. The logarithm of each term is then taken. With this mathematical operation, an offset term is produced, which depends only on the known value Bm and is compensated for by subtraction. As an interim result, a further term with the known pm, a and vo =
Az(t) is produced. A muzzle velocity v01, v02, v03...vom is thereby calculated per term 1, 2, 3mm. By finding the average of all vol_m, the final result vo is determined.
Finding the average in this way means that vo is determined with greater accuracy.
The proposed method allows the distance between the transmitting coupler 2 and the receiving couplers 3, 4 to be reduced from zk to 0 mm, so that the waveguide can be shortened at least in this area. In an ideal scenario (zk = 0 mm), the transmitting coupler 2 should be able to carry out the function of the receiving coupler(s) 3, 4, so that the induced voltage is directly measured at the transmitting coupler 2.
To simplify matters, further signal modifications, e.g.
using mixing methods for frequency reduction, may precede the evaluation electronics 6 (not shown in greater detail). To increase the evaluation speed, the shift register should be sufficiently large in size for values at measurement intervals of "per second" to be recorded, for example, so that all calibration data can be used for the evaluation.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile with a weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake operated as a waveguide, involving the steps:
- generation of an electromagnetic field by means of an oscillator, - measurement of the electromagnetic field of the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake without the projectile to determine a calibrating term, - measurement of the electromagnetic field in front of the projectile and/or behind the projectile to determine an induced voltage over time, - subtraction of the calibrating term from the induced voltage to determine a reflected electromagnetic field, - determination of the muzzle velocity from the measured signals, such that - the reflected field is broken down into coefficients, with which terms are formed, wherein - a muzzle velocity is calculated per term and - by finding the average of all muzzle velocities of the terms, the muzzle velocity of the projectile is determined.
- generation of an electromagnetic field by means of an oscillator, - measurement of the electromagnetic field of the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake without the projectile to determine a calibrating term, - measurement of the electromagnetic field in front of the projectile and/or behind the projectile to determine an induced voltage over time, - subtraction of the calibrating term from the induced voltage to determine a reflected electromagnetic field, - determination of the muzzle velocity from the measured signals, such that - the reflected field is broken down into coefficients, with which terms are formed, wherein - a muzzle velocity is calculated per term and - by finding the average of all muzzle velocities of the terms, the muzzle velocity of the projectile is determined.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the measured signals are continually sampled in time and the sample values stored.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the coefficients are broken down using known curve fitting methods, taking account of known optimization requirements, such as the least squares method.
4. The method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein, for projectiles within the 35 mm caliber range, an oscillator frequency falls within the 40 MHz to 80 MHz range and different frequency ranges are provided for different calibers.
5. A weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake, which is operated as a waveguide to measure the muzzle velocity of a projectile, with an oscillator, which is electrically connected to a transmitting coupler via a signal supply to excite the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake, and a receiving line to transfer the signals measured at at least one receiving coupler to an evaluation device to implement the method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 4, such that a reduction in the distance between the transmitting coupler and the receiving coupler to 0 mm is made possible.
6. The weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reduction in distance shortens the weapon barrel or launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake.
7. The weapon barrel and launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the distance between the transmitting coupler and the at least one receiving coupler is 0 mm.
8. The weapon barrel and launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake as claimed in claim 7, wherein the transmitting coupler assumes the function of the receiving coupler.
9. The weapon barrel and launcher tube and/or part of the muzzle brake as claimed in one of the claims 5 to 8, wherein signal modifications, such as mixing methods for frequency reduction, precede the evaluation unit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009030862A DE102009030862B3 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | Method and device for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like |
| DE102009030862.8 | 2009-06-26 | ||
| PCT/EP2010/003637 WO2010149307A2 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-06-17 | Method and device for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2764525A1 CA2764525A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| CA2764525C true CA2764525C (en) | 2014-04-22 |
Family
ID=42993812
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2764525A Active CA2764525C (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-06-17 | Method and device for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2446215B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5654585B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102460060B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2764525C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102009030862B3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2446215T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2487622T3 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL217171A0 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2446215T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010149307A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201108923B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106526221B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2022-09-23 | 江苏科技大学 | Speed measuring device for sub-caliber bullets |
| US10948253B2 (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2021-03-16 | Wilcox Industries Corp. | Sensor system for advanced smart weapons barrels |
| CN109596855B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-12-01 | 西安奇维科技有限公司 | Method for testing initial velocity and acceleration of projectile body outlet |
| CN112113462B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2023-04-07 | 南京钧和瑞至电子科技有限公司 | Method and system for detecting shooting effect of direct-aiming weapon and virtual target shooting system |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4283989A (en) * | 1979-07-31 | 1981-08-18 | Ares, Inc. | Doppler-type projectile velocity measurement and communication apparatus, and method |
| AT389764B (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1990-01-25 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING INNER BALLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS IN TUBE ARMS |
| AT393038B (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-07-25 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING MOTION CHARACTERISTICS |
| US5827958A (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 1998-10-27 | Primex Technologies, Inc. | Passive velocity data system |
| US6644111B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-11-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Apparatus and method for measuring exit velocity of a gun round |
| DE102006058375A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Oerlikon Contraves Ag | Method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like |
| DE102008024574A1 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2010-06-17 | Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag | Apparatus and method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like |
-
2009
- 2009-06-26 DE DE102009030862A patent/DE102009030862B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-06-17 CA CA2764525A patent/CA2764525C/en active Active
- 2010-06-17 PL PL10739846T patent/PL2446215T3/en unknown
- 2010-06-17 CN CN201080026710.1A patent/CN102460060B/en active Active
- 2010-06-17 WO PCT/EP2010/003637 patent/WO2010149307A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-06-17 EP EP10739846.3A patent/EP2446215B1/en active Active
- 2010-06-17 JP JP2012516558A patent/JP5654585B2/en active Active
- 2010-06-17 DK DK10739846.3T patent/DK2446215T3/en active
- 2010-06-17 ES ES10739846.3T patent/ES2487622T3/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-12-05 ZA ZA2011/08923A patent/ZA201108923B/en unknown
- 2011-12-22 IL IL217171A patent/IL217171A0/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL2446215T3 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
| JP2012530910A (en) | 2012-12-06 |
| WO2010149307A2 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| ZA201108923B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| CA2764525A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| CN102460060B (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| IL217171A0 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
| DE102009030862B3 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
| EP2446215A2 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
| JP5654585B2 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| EP2446215B1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
| ES2487622T3 (en) | 2014-08-22 |
| WO2010149307A3 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
| DK2446215T3 (en) | 2014-09-01 |
| CN102460060A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
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| EEER | Examination request |