CA2675191C

CA2675191C - Plug protection system and method

Info

Publication number: CA2675191C
Application number: CA 2675191
Authority: CA
Inventors: Rene Langeslag
Original assignee: Baker Hughes Inc
Current assignee: Baker Hughes Holdings LLC
Priority date: 2008-08-15
Filing date: 2009-08-11
Publication date: 2012-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-11
Also published as: CA2675191A1

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a downhole plug protection system. The system includes, a tubular having perforations in a perforated portion, a screen in fluidic communication with the tubular, a ring in sealable communication with the tubular and attached to the screen the ring having an extended portion positioned radially outwardly of the perforated portion, and a float shoe in fluidic communication with the perforations positionable downhole of the perforated portion.

Description

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PLUG PROTECTION SYSTEM AND METHOD
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] It is common to plug fluidic openings, such as, screens, perforations and flow ports, for example, formed in tubular walls of drillstring members while the tool is being run downhole. Plugging of such flow ports prevents borehole fluids from infiltrating the drillstring during the running process, thereby reducing the weight of the drillstring through the buoyancy forces generated by wellbore fluid upon the drillstring. Further, lower density fluids can be contained within the string to adjust buoyancy. These buoyancy forces can be particularly helpful when running a tool into a highly deviated or horizontal wellbore in reducing frictional forces between the tool and the wellbore by floating the tool into position.

[0003] However, scraping of the drillstring along at least some of the walls of a wellbore during running is unavoidable. Such scraping abrades materials used to plug flow openings often weakening such plugging to the point of failure, thereby allowing fluid to fill the drillstring, negating the buoyancy effect and benefits resulting therefrom. Consequently, systems and methods assisting the reliable running of tools would be well received in the art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Disclosed herein is a downhole plug protection system. The system includes, a tubular having perforations in a perforated portion, a screen in fluidic communication with the tubular, a ring in sealable communication with the tubular and attached to the screen the ring having an extended portion positioned radially outwardly of the perforated portion, and a float shoe in fluidic communication with the perforations positionable downhole of the perforated portion.

[0005] Further disclosed herein is a method of maintaining plugs in a perforated tubular while flowing fluid therethrough. The method includes, perforating a portion of a tubular, sealedly attaching a ring to a non-perforated portion of the tubular, perimetrically surrounding a perforated portion with a longitudinally extended portion of the ring, plugging the perforations, and flowing fluid through the tubular and out through a float shoe in fluidic communication with the tubular.

[0006] Further disclosed herein is a method of making a flowable protected and plugged perforated tubular. The method includes, perforating a portion of a tubular, sealedly attaching a ring to a non-perforated portion of the tubular, perimetrically surrounding a perforated portion with a longitudinally extended portion of the ring, plugging the perforations, and attaching a float shoe to a non-perforated portion of the tubular.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] The following descriptions should not be considered limiting in any way. With reference to the accompanying drawings, like elements are numbered alike:

[0008] FIG. 1 depicts a partial cross sectional view of a plug protection system disclosed herein illustrated in a plugged condition;

[0009] FIG. 2 depicts a partial cross sectional view of the plug protection system of FIG. 1 illustrated in a open and flowing condition;

[0010] FIG. 3 depicts a magnified view of a portion of a plug protection system disclosed herein with an alternate embodiment of the perforated tubular as depicted in FIG. 1: and [0011] FIG. 4 depicts a plugged screen assembly with a float shoe disclosed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of exemplification and not limitation with reference to the Figures.

[0013] Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of a plug protection system 10 disclosed herein is illustrated. The plug protection system 10 includes, a perforated tubular member 14, shown herein as a perforated base pipe, and a screen 18, sealedly attached to the perforated tubular member 14, by end rings 22 on opposing longitudinal ends of the screen 18. The perforated tubular member 14, in this embodiment, has a wall 26 with a plurality of ports 30 extending therethrough in two perforated portions 32. The ports 30 are openings through which fluid, such as wellbore fluid, is flowable when the ports 30 are not plugged. The ports 30 may be any of a variety of shapes, such as, round, oval, or rectangular (to form slots), for example. The ports 30 are sized to be fluidically pluggable by any of a variety of downhole degradable materials 34, such as paraffin, and/or polymers, for example, that are used for such purposes. The degradability of the materials 34 allows the ports 30 to be opened sometime after being positioned at a desired location within a wellbore 38. The degradable materials 34 may be degradable in response to exposure to elevated temperatures, for example, that permit a well operator to open the ports 30, when desired, by pumping steam (or other heat source in the case of a heat degradable material) downhole to heat the perforated tubular member 14 and the degradable material 34. Alternate degradable materials 34 include materials that degrade when exposed to acid or other chemical compositions. Acid, for example, can be pumped downhole to expose the materials 34 thereto when opening of the ports 30 is desirable.

[0014] Longitudinal extensions 42 of the end rings 22 extend perimetrically to surround the perforated portions 32 of the perforated tubular member 14. As such, the longitudinal extensions 42 protect the perforated portions 32 from direct contact with walls 46 of the wellbore 38. By preventing abrasion of the degradable material against the walls 46, seal integrity of the degradable material 34 in the ports 30 can be maintained.

[0015] A length of the longitudinal extensions 42 can be designed to match a length of the perforated portions 32, so that none of the ports 30 are exposed to direct abrasive contact with the walls 46. Discontinuous non-sealing standoffs 50 can be positioned between the longitudinal extensions 42 and the perforated tubular member 14 to provide structural support and centering of the longitudinal extensions relative to the perforated tubular member 14.

[0016] Additionally, an annular space 52 defined by the longitudinal extensions 42 and the perforated portions 32 could also be plugged with plugging material 34 to increase pressure differentials required to extrude the plugging material 34. Having this additional volume of plugging material 34 could also increase a time exposed to elevated temperatures or acid before the plugging material 34 sufficiently degrades to be forced through the ports 30.

[0017] Referring to FIG. 2, a flow path for wellbore fluid from the wellbore 38 to an inside of the perforated tubular 14 is illustrated in a non-plugged configuration of the plug protection system 10. The fluid flows through the screen 18 and then axially, along arrows 62, in an annular space 54 defined by the screen 18 and a non-perforated portion 58 of the perforated tubular member 14. The fluid then flows longitudinally from the annular space 54 to the annular space 52. From the annular space 52 the fluid is able to flow radially inwardly, along arrows 68, through the ports 30 in the perforated portions 32 to the inside of the perforated tubular member 14. Although the fluid flow path has been described herein as flowing from outside of the plug protection system 10 to the inside of the perforated tubular member 14, it should be understood that, in other applications, the fluid could flow in directions that are the reverse of those described herein.

[0018] Referring to FIG. 3, an alternate embodiment of a perforated portion 72 of the perforated tubular member 14 is illustrated. The perforated portion includes ports 76 that are designed to increase a pressure differential sufficient to force the degradable material 34 to extrude through the ports 76. The ports 76 may have tapered walls 80 that create a larger cross sectional area 84 at the outer surface 88 of the perforated tubular member 14 than the smaller cross sectional area 92 at an inner surface 96 of the perforated tubular member 14. This construction creates a wedging action as the pressure differential compresses the degradable material 34 as it is forced through the ports 76. The tapering of the walls 80, in alternate embodiments, could be tapered at angles different to those disclosed herein.
The walls 80 could be tapered to narrow at locations having greater radial dimensions to increase an extrusion pressure biased in an inside to outside direction, for example.
Alternately, the ports 76 could have a normal straight hole configuration wherein the walls 80 are not tapered.

[0019] Embodiments disclosed herein permit high pressure differentials to be maintained across the plugged perforated tubular member 14 without extrusion of the degradable materials 34 though the ports 76. This is due to a few factors, first a large volume of degradable material 34 can be used since it can be housed in the annular space 53, and second, degradable material 34 in the annular space 52 needs to be displaced axially as well as radially before the plugging provided by the degradable material 34 is removed. The high pressure differentials can exist across the plugged ports 30 in either direction. For example, pressure can be greater on an outside of the perforated tubular member 14 or the pressure can be greater on an inside of the perforated tubular member 14. While floating the perforated tubular member 14 downhole the pressure is typically greater on an outside of the perforated tubular member 14. In contrast, while pumping fluid downhole, through the perforated tubular member 14, the pressure is typically greater on an outside of the perforated tubular member 14. An embodiment disclosed herein wherein fluid is pumped downhole through the perforated tubular member 14 will be described in detail below.

[0020] Referring to FIG. 4, an embodiment of a drillstring 100, having multiple perforated portions 32, is shown positioned in the wellbore 38.
Sealingly attached to the bottom of the drillstring 100 is a float shoe 104. The float shoe 104 includes a housing 108 and a ball seal 112. The ball seal 112 is movable within the housing 108 such that the float shoe 100 acts like a check valve. When the ball seal 112 is moved upward relative to the housing 108, in this embodiment, it sealingly engages with a seat 116, thereby preventing fluid flow thereby. When the ball seal 112 is moved downward flow channels 120 permit fluid flow by the ball seal 112.

[0021] The foregoing construction allows the drillstring 100 to be floated downhole by preventing wellbore fluid from entering the drillstring 100 through the float shoe 104. Alternately, the drillstring 100 can be run downhole while flowing fluid, such as mud pumped from surface, for example, down through the drillstring 100 and out through the float shoe 104 into the wellbore 38. Flowing fluid out through the float shoe 104 can aid in flushing away debris in the wellbore 38 that can cause problems while running the drillstring 100 if it is allowed to jam between the housing 108 or drillstring 100 and the walls 46. Fluid pumped out of the float shoe 104 into the wellbore 38 can also act as a lubricant to further facilitate the running of the drillstring 100.

[0022] While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims. Also, in the drawings and the description, there have been disclosed exemplary embodiments of the invention and, although specific terms may have been employed, they are unless otherwise stated used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention therefore not being so limited. Moreover, the use of the terms first, second, etc. do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another. Furthermore, the use of the terms a, an, etc. do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.

Claims

1. A downhole plug protection system, comprising:
a tubular having perforations in a perforated portion;

a screen in fluidic communication with the tubular;

a ring in sealable communication with the tubular and attached to the screen the ring having an extended portion positioned radially outwardly of the perforated portion; and a float shoe in fluidic communication with the perforations positionable downhole of the perforated portion.

2. The downhole plug protection system of claim 1, wherein the perforated portion is plugable with a degradable material.

3. The downhole plug protection system of claim 2, wherein the perforated portion after being plugged is openable in response to degradation of the degradable material.

4. The downhole plug protection system of claim 3, wherein the degradable material is degradable at elevated temperatures.

5. The downhole plug protection system of claim 3, wherein the degradable material is degradable when exposed to acid.

6. The downhole plug protection system of claim 1, wherein the screen is positioned radially outwardly of a non-perforated portion of the tubular.

7. The downhole plug protection system of claim 1, wherein a space between the perforated portion and the extended portion is pluggable with a degradable material.

8. The downhole plug protection system of claim 1, wherein the perforations are holes with a shape that is one of circular, oval and rectangular.

9. The downhole plug protection system of claim 1, wherein cross sectional areas of the perforations are greater at locations with lesser radial dimensions than at locations with greater radial dimensions.

10. The downhole plug protection system of claim 1, wherein the float shoe permits fluid flow therethrough in an outward direction from an inside of the tubular and prevents fluid flow therethrough in an inward direction from an outside of the tubular.

11. A method of maintaining plugs in a perforated tubular while flowing fluid therethrough, comprising:

perforating a portion of a tubular;

sealedly attaching a ring to a non-perforated portion of the tubular;
perimetrically surrounding a perforated portion with a longitudinally extended portion of the ring;

plugging the perforations; and flowing fluid through the tubular and out through a float shoe in fluidic communication with the tubular.

12. The method of maintaining plugs in a perforated tubular while flowing fluid therethrough of claim 11, further comprising attaching a screen to a longitudinal end of the ring.

13. The method of maintaining plugs in a perforated tubular while flowing fluid therethrough of claim 12, further comprising perimetrically surrounding a non-perforated portion of the tubular with the screen.

14. The method of maintaining plugs in a perforated tubular while flowing fluid therethrough of claim 12, further comprising running the tubular downhole while flowing fluid through the float shoe.

15. A method of making a flowable protected and plugged perforated tubular, comprising:

perforating a portion of a tubular;

sealedly attaching a ring to a non-perforated portion of the tubular;
perimetrically surrounding a perforated portion with a longitudinally extended portion of the ring;

plugging the perforations; and attaching a float shoe to a non-perforated portion of the tubular.

16. The method of making a flowable protected and plugged perforated tubular of claim 15, further comprising attaching a screen to a longitudinal end of the ring thereby perimetrically surrounding a non-perforated portion of the plugged perforated tubular.

17. The method of making a flowable protected and plugged perforated tubular of claim 15, wherein the perforating the portion of the tubular includes tapering walls of the perforations so that an outer radial portion of each perforation has a greater cross sectional area than an inner radial portion.

18. The method of making a flowable protected and plugged perforated tubular of claim 15, wherein the attaching of the float shoe to the tubular is downhole of the perforated portion.