CA2655847C - Solid product packaging - Google Patents
Solid product packaging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2655847C CA2655847C CA2655847A CA2655847A CA2655847C CA 2655847 C CA2655847 C CA 2655847C CA 2655847 A CA2655847 A CA 2655847A CA 2655847 A CA2655847 A CA 2655847A CA 2655847 C CA2655847 C CA 2655847C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- base
- product
- lid
- solid
- product packaging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/40—Details of walls
- B65D1/42—Reinforcing or strengthening parts or members
- B65D1/44—Corrugations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D25/28—Handles
- B65D25/2882—Integral handles
- B65D25/2897—Integral handles formed in the wall(s), e.g. roughenings, cavities or projections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
- B65D77/10—Container closures formed after filling
- B65D77/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers
- B65D77/2024—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers the cover being welded or adhered to the container
Abstract
A product packaging for a solid product comprises a base, a lid, and a seal. The base has a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive a solid product, and the base has an exterior surface. A texture is on the exterior surface of the base, whereby the texture enhances a user's ability to grip the base when the base is inverted. The seal interconnects the top of the base and the lid and allows the lid to be peeled away from the top of the base.
Description
SOLID PRODUCT PACKAGING
Field of the Invention The present invention relates to product packaging for solid products.
Background of the Invention Solid products provide many advantages over using non-solid products. For example, solid products are typically less expensive to ship because they are usually formulated as concentrates that are then diluted prior to use. Solid products can be formulated using aggressive chemistry that provides better cleaning including strong acids and strong bases. Solid products with such aggressive chemistry are generally considered safer than comparable non-solid or liquid products because solid products cannot spill like non-solid or liquid products.
Solid products are dispensed in solid product dispensers to create a concentrated use solution or a use solution. Some solid products are caustic or corrosive and should not be handled by coming into direct contact with the solid products. This is particularly true in industrial laundry, warewashing, and floor care products.
Thermoformed blister packs and packages with lids are commonly used to package solid products. However, these types of packages typically require the user to remove the backs or the lids from the packages and drop the solid products into the dispensers. This technique exposes the user to contact the solid products directly, which is not desirable.
Another type of packaging in which solid products are packaged is shrink wrapped films. Small holes in the film allow the evacuation of otherwise trapped air as the film shrinks to conform to the shape of the solid product. These small holes allow moisture from the atmosphere to enter the package, which may cause the solid product to swell and at least partially dissolve. Further, the user may directly contact the solid product that has escaped through these small holes. Thus, it is challenging to load solid products into dispensers without touching the solid products.
One problem related to the manufacture, storage, and use of solid products including extruded acidic and alkaline solid products is the stability of the solid products. Upon exposure to environmental conditions such as humidity, the solid products can absorb humidity resulting in a softening or dissolution of at least a portion of the solid products. The absorption of humidity can result in softened layers of the solid products rendering the solid products difficult to handle and properly dispense.
Further, in conditions of higher humidity or higher concentrations of alkalinity, the absorption of humidity can result in the creation of a liquid product that can slump or flow from the surface of the solid product creating a pool of highly caustic material.
Not only is the humidity and stability of the solid products a problem in manufacturing and handling of the products, the instability can also cause problems in dispensing of the products. The softened surface or liquid material that can flow from the surface can cause spikes of material during dispensing resulting in uneven concentrations being dispensed. When dispensed using spray-type dispensers, a spray of water is directed onto a surface of the solid product. When operating properly, the spray removes a small portion of the solid product in the form of an aqueous concentrate use solution. If the solid product is at least partially softened or liquefied, the aqueous concentrate use solution will be too concentrated.
It is desired to have a solid product packaging that assists in the loading of the solid products into dispensers without directly contacting the solid products and that assists in keeping the solid products stable during storage of the solid products.
Summary of the Invention One aspect of the present invention provides a product packaging for a solid product comprising a base, a lid, and a seal. The base has a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive a solid product, and the base has an exterior surface. A texture is on the exterior surface of the base, whereby the texture enhances a user's ability to grip the base when the base is inverted. The seal interconnects the top of the base and the lid and allows the lid to be peeled away from the top of the base.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of dispensing a solid product from a product packaging into a solid product dispenser. A product packaging
Field of the Invention The present invention relates to product packaging for solid products.
Background of the Invention Solid products provide many advantages over using non-solid products. For example, solid products are typically less expensive to ship because they are usually formulated as concentrates that are then diluted prior to use. Solid products can be formulated using aggressive chemistry that provides better cleaning including strong acids and strong bases. Solid products with such aggressive chemistry are generally considered safer than comparable non-solid or liquid products because solid products cannot spill like non-solid or liquid products.
Solid products are dispensed in solid product dispensers to create a concentrated use solution or a use solution. Some solid products are caustic or corrosive and should not be handled by coming into direct contact with the solid products. This is particularly true in industrial laundry, warewashing, and floor care products.
Thermoformed blister packs and packages with lids are commonly used to package solid products. However, these types of packages typically require the user to remove the backs or the lids from the packages and drop the solid products into the dispensers. This technique exposes the user to contact the solid products directly, which is not desirable.
Another type of packaging in which solid products are packaged is shrink wrapped films. Small holes in the film allow the evacuation of otherwise trapped air as the film shrinks to conform to the shape of the solid product. These small holes allow moisture from the atmosphere to enter the package, which may cause the solid product to swell and at least partially dissolve. Further, the user may directly contact the solid product that has escaped through these small holes. Thus, it is challenging to load solid products into dispensers without touching the solid products.
One problem related to the manufacture, storage, and use of solid products including extruded acidic and alkaline solid products is the stability of the solid products. Upon exposure to environmental conditions such as humidity, the solid products can absorb humidity resulting in a softening or dissolution of at least a portion of the solid products. The absorption of humidity can result in softened layers of the solid products rendering the solid products difficult to handle and properly dispense.
Further, in conditions of higher humidity or higher concentrations of alkalinity, the absorption of humidity can result in the creation of a liquid product that can slump or flow from the surface of the solid product creating a pool of highly caustic material.
Not only is the humidity and stability of the solid products a problem in manufacturing and handling of the products, the instability can also cause problems in dispensing of the products. The softened surface or liquid material that can flow from the surface can cause spikes of material during dispensing resulting in uneven concentrations being dispensed. When dispensed using spray-type dispensers, a spray of water is directed onto a surface of the solid product. When operating properly, the spray removes a small portion of the solid product in the form of an aqueous concentrate use solution. If the solid product is at least partially softened or liquefied, the aqueous concentrate use solution will be too concentrated.
It is desired to have a solid product packaging that assists in the loading of the solid products into dispensers without directly contacting the solid products and that assists in keeping the solid products stable during storage of the solid products.
Summary of the Invention One aspect of the present invention provides a product packaging for a solid product comprising a base, a lid, and a seal. The base has a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive a solid product, and the base has an exterior surface. A texture is on the exterior surface of the base, whereby the texture enhances a user's ability to grip the base when the base is inverted. The seal interconnects the top of the base and the lid and allows the lid to be peeled away from the top of the base.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of dispensing a solid product from a product packaging into a solid product dispenser. A product packaging
2 having a base, a lid, and a seal is obtained. The base has a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive the solid product. The seal interconnects the top of the base and the lid and allows the lid to be grasped and peeled to separate the lid from the top of the base. A portion of the peelable lid is grasped, and the peelable lid is peeled away from the base. The base is held and inverted so that the bottom of the base is in an upward orientation and the top of the base is in a downward orientation. The solid product is allowed to slide out of the cavity into the solid product dispenser.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of dispensing a solid product from a product packaging into a solid product dispenser. The product packaging has a base, a lid, and a seal. The base has a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive the solid product, and the base has an exterior surface with a texture on at least a portion of the exterior surface.
The seal interconnects the top of the base and the lid and allows the lid to be grasped and peeled to separate the lid from the top of the base. The product packaging is obtained. A
portion of the peelable lid is grasped and the peelable lid is peeled away from the base.
The base is held proximate the texture, which provides a grippable surface proximate the exterior surface of the base. The base is squeezed proximate the texture thus deflecting the base inward to provide friction between the base and the solid product prior to inverting the base so that the solid product does not fall out of the base until the friction is released. The base is inverted so that the bottom of the base is in an upward orientation and the top of the base is in a downward orientation, and the texture enhances a user's ability to grip the base when the base is inverted. The friction is released thereby allowing the solid product to slide out of the cavity into the solid product dispenser.
Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of a product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of dispensing a solid product from a product packaging into a solid product dispenser. The product packaging has a base, a lid, and a seal. The base has a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive the solid product, and the base has an exterior surface with a texture on at least a portion of the exterior surface.
The seal interconnects the top of the base and the lid and allows the lid to be grasped and peeled to separate the lid from the top of the base. The product packaging is obtained. A
portion of the peelable lid is grasped and the peelable lid is peeled away from the base.
The base is held proximate the texture, which provides a grippable surface proximate the exterior surface of the base. The base is squeezed proximate the texture thus deflecting the base inward to provide friction between the base and the solid product prior to inverting the base so that the solid product does not fall out of the base until the friction is released. The base is inverted so that the bottom of the base is in an upward orientation and the top of the base is in a downward orientation, and the texture enhances a user's ability to grip the base when the base is inverted. The friction is released thereby allowing the solid product to slide out of the cavity into the solid product dispenser.
Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of a product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
3 Figure 2 is a top view of the product packing shown in Figure 1 as the product packaging is manufactured;
Figure 3 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 1 with a solid product therein;
Figure 4 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 1;
Figure 5 is a perspective view of another product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
Figure 6 is a top view of the product packing shown in Figure 5 as the product packaging is manufactured;
Figure 7 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 5 with a solid product therein;
Figure 8 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 5;
Figure 9 is a perspective view of another product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
Figure 10 is a top view of the product packing shown in Figure 9 as the product packaging is manufactured;
Figure 11 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 9 with a solid product therein;
Figure 12 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 9;
Figure 13 is a perspective view of another product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
Figure 14 is a top view of the product packing shown in Figure 13 as the product packaging is manufactured;
Figure 15 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 13 with a solid product therein;
Figure 16 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 13;
Figure 17 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 13 with a lid partially peeled away from a base of the product packaging;
Figure 3 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 1 with a solid product therein;
Figure 4 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 1;
Figure 5 is a perspective view of another product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
Figure 6 is a top view of the product packing shown in Figure 5 as the product packaging is manufactured;
Figure 7 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 5 with a solid product therein;
Figure 8 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 5;
Figure 9 is a perspective view of another product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
Figure 10 is a top view of the product packing shown in Figure 9 as the product packaging is manufactured;
Figure 11 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 9 with a solid product therein;
Figure 12 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 9;
Figure 13 is a perspective view of another product packaging constructed according to the principles of the present invention with a solid product therein;
Figure 14 is a top view of the product packing shown in Figure 13 as the product packaging is manufactured;
Figure 15 is a top view of the product packaging shown in Figure 13 with a solid product therein;
Figure 16 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 13;
Figure 17 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 13 with a lid partially peeled away from a base of the product packaging;
4 Figure 18 is a side view of the product packaging shown in Figure 17 inverted with a portion of the base deflected inward to assist in holding the product within the base; and Figure 19 is a graph showing the water vapor transmission rate, the percentage of weight change over time.
Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment A preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the numeral 100 in Figures 1-4, a preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the number 200 in Figures 5-8, a preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the number 300 in Figures 9-12, and a preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the number 400 in Figures 13-18.
The present invention may be used with any solid product. It is understood that the phrase "solid product" includes solid products, substantially solid products, semi-solid products, and the like. If the solid product is in a shaped form, such as a block, the solid product may be formed in any desired manner including cast methods, extrusion, and pressed powder. The solid product may be formulated for a variety of uses such as, but limited to, a warewashing detergent, a warewashing rinse aid, a vehicle care detergent such as in a car wash, a medical instrument detergent, a clean-in-place cleaner, a floor cleaner, and the like. The solid product may include a variety of different chemistries including acids, bases, hardening agents, sequestering agents, surfactants, builders, enzymes, dyes, fragrances, and the like.
As shown in Figures 1-4, the product packaging 100 includes a base 101 and a peelable lid 111 interconnected by a seal 114. The base 101 includes four sides 102, the adjacent sides 102 being interconnected by a rounded corner 103. Each side 102 is preferably approximately 90 degrees from the adjacent side 102. The sides 102 and the corners 103 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 102 and the corners 103 by a bottom 105. A top 106, which is preferably a flange, extends outward from the sides 102 and the corners 103 proximate the top edges of the sides 102 and the comers 103. The sides 102, the comers 103, and the bottom 105 form a cavity 107.
Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment A preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the numeral 100 in Figures 1-4, a preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the number 200 in Figures 5-8, a preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the number 300 in Figures 9-12, and a preferred embodiment solid product packaging is designated by the number 400 in Figures 13-18.
The present invention may be used with any solid product. It is understood that the phrase "solid product" includes solid products, substantially solid products, semi-solid products, and the like. If the solid product is in a shaped form, such as a block, the solid product may be formed in any desired manner including cast methods, extrusion, and pressed powder. The solid product may be formulated for a variety of uses such as, but limited to, a warewashing detergent, a warewashing rinse aid, a vehicle care detergent such as in a car wash, a medical instrument detergent, a clean-in-place cleaner, a floor cleaner, and the like. The solid product may include a variety of different chemistries including acids, bases, hardening agents, sequestering agents, surfactants, builders, enzymes, dyes, fragrances, and the like.
As shown in Figures 1-4, the product packaging 100 includes a base 101 and a peelable lid 111 interconnected by a seal 114. The base 101 includes four sides 102, the adjacent sides 102 being interconnected by a rounded corner 103. Each side 102 is preferably approximately 90 degrees from the adjacent side 102. The sides 102 and the corners 103 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 102 and the corners 103 by a bottom 105. A top 106, which is preferably a flange, extends outward from the sides 102 and the corners 103 proximate the top edges of the sides 102 and the comers 103. The sides 102, the comers 103, and the bottom 105 form a cavity 107.
5 Ribbing 104 is proximate the bottom 105 of the base 101 and is a textured, non-slip, grippable surface on the exterior of the base 101. It is recognized that other textured, non-slip, grippable surfaces such as, but not limited to, waffle weaves, bumps, roughened surfaces, and rubber coated surfaces may be used. The ribbing 104 is preferably at least one ridge extending outward from at least two opposing sides 102 and, more preferably, at least three ridges extending outward from the sides 102 and the corners 105 around the base 101 parallel with the bottom 105. The ribbing 104 preferably extends outward from the base 101 at least 1.5 millimeters ("mm"), and if multiple ridges are used, the ridges are preferably spaced apart at least 25.4 mm center to center of the ridges. The ribbing 104 is preferably within 2.0 inches from the bottom 105.
Although it is recognized that the base 101 may be made of separate components, the base 101 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 104 extending outward from the sides 102 and the corners 103. Preferably, the base 101 is thermoformed by means well known in the art and made of polymeric (relating to or comprised of polymers) materials including, but not limited to, polyethylenes, nylons, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. As shown in Figure 2, the base 101 may be constructed by means well known in the art adjacent another base 101 with a score line 116 between the bases 101 so that the bases 101 may be easily separated.
A solid product 120 is placed within the cavity 107. Preferably, the solid product 120 is a square-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 101. Then, the peelable lid 111 is connected to the top 106 of the base 101.
The peelable lid 111 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 106 of the base 101. Preferably, the lid 111 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 114, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 111 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 106 of the base 101, interconnects the top 106 and the lid 111.
The seal 114 is preferably placed proximate the perimeter of the top 106 with one corner angled so that there is a corner where the lid 111 is not connected to the top 106 thus providing a grasping portion 112 where the lid 111 can easily be grasped by the
Although it is recognized that the base 101 may be made of separate components, the base 101 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 104 extending outward from the sides 102 and the corners 103. Preferably, the base 101 is thermoformed by means well known in the art and made of polymeric (relating to or comprised of polymers) materials including, but not limited to, polyethylenes, nylons, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. As shown in Figure 2, the base 101 may be constructed by means well known in the art adjacent another base 101 with a score line 116 between the bases 101 so that the bases 101 may be easily separated.
A solid product 120 is placed within the cavity 107. Preferably, the solid product 120 is a square-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 101. Then, the peelable lid 111 is connected to the top 106 of the base 101.
The peelable lid 111 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 106 of the base 101. Preferably, the lid 111 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 114, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 111 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 106 of the base 101, interconnects the top 106 and the lid 111.
The seal 114 is preferably placed proximate the perimeter of the top 106 with one corner angled so that there is a corner where the lid 111 is not connected to the top 106 thus providing a grasping portion 112 where the lid 111 can easily be grasped by the
6 user to begin peeling the lid 111 away from the top 106. The peel strength of the seal 114 is preferably less than 250 grams per inch, which allows for easy peeling of the lid 111 away from the top 106 while providing a seal between the top 106 and the lid 111.
The base 101, the lid 111, and the seal 114 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 100. The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq.
in.).
For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 101 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid 111.
As shown in Figures 5-8, the product packaging 200 includes a base 201 and a peelable lid 211 interconnected by a seal 214. The base 201 includes four sides 202, the adjacent sides 202 being interconnected by a rounded corner 203. Each side 202 is preferably approximately 90 degrees from the adjacent side 202. The sides 202 and the corners 203 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 202 and the corners 203 by a bottom 205. A top 206, which is preferably a flange, extends outward from the sides 202 and the corners 203 proximate the top edges of the sides 202 and the corners 203. The sides 202, the corners 203, and the bottom 205 form a cavity 207.
Ribbing 204 is proximate the bottom 205 of the base 201 and is a textured, non-slip, grippable surface on the exterior of the base 201. It is recognized that other textured, non-slip, grippable surfaces such as, but not limited to, waffle weaves, bumps, roughened surfaces, and rubber coated surfaces may be used. The ribbing 204 is preferably at least one ridge extending outward from at least two opposing sides 202 and, more preferably, at least three ridges extending outward from the sides 202 and the corners 205 around the base 201 parallel with the bottom 205. The ribbing 204 preferably extends outward from the base 201 at least 1.5 millimeters ("mm"), and if multiple ridges are used, the ridges are preferably spaced apart at least 25.4 mm center to center of the ridges. The ribbing 204 is preferably within 2.0 inches from the bottom 205.
Although it is recognized that the base 201 may be made of separate components, the base 201 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 204 extending outward from the sides 202 and the corners 203. Preferably, the base 201 is
The base 101, the lid 111, and the seal 114 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 100. The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq.
in.).
For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 101 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid 111.
As shown in Figures 5-8, the product packaging 200 includes a base 201 and a peelable lid 211 interconnected by a seal 214. The base 201 includes four sides 202, the adjacent sides 202 being interconnected by a rounded corner 203. Each side 202 is preferably approximately 90 degrees from the adjacent side 202. The sides 202 and the corners 203 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 202 and the corners 203 by a bottom 205. A top 206, which is preferably a flange, extends outward from the sides 202 and the corners 203 proximate the top edges of the sides 202 and the corners 203. The sides 202, the corners 203, and the bottom 205 form a cavity 207.
Ribbing 204 is proximate the bottom 205 of the base 201 and is a textured, non-slip, grippable surface on the exterior of the base 201. It is recognized that other textured, non-slip, grippable surfaces such as, but not limited to, waffle weaves, bumps, roughened surfaces, and rubber coated surfaces may be used. The ribbing 204 is preferably at least one ridge extending outward from at least two opposing sides 202 and, more preferably, at least three ridges extending outward from the sides 202 and the corners 205 around the base 201 parallel with the bottom 205. The ribbing 204 preferably extends outward from the base 201 at least 1.5 millimeters ("mm"), and if multiple ridges are used, the ridges are preferably spaced apart at least 25.4 mm center to center of the ridges. The ribbing 204 is preferably within 2.0 inches from the bottom 205.
Although it is recognized that the base 201 may be made of separate components, the base 201 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 204 extending outward from the sides 202 and the corners 203. Preferably, the base 201 is
7 thermoformed by means well known in the art and made of polymeric (relating to or comprised of polymers) materials including, but not limited to, polyethylenes, nylons, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. As shown in Figure 6, the base 201 may be constructed by means well known in the art adjacent another base 201 on each side with score lines 216 between the bases 201 so that the bases 201 may be easily separated. A solid product 220 is placed within the cavity 207.
Preferably, the solid product 220 is a square-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 201. Then, the peelable lid 211 is connected to the top 206 of the base 201.
The peelable lid 211 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 206 of the base 201. Preferably, the lid 211 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 214, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 211 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 206 of the base 201, interconnects the top 206 and the lid 211.
The seal 214 is preferably placed proximate the perimeter of three sides of the top 206 with the fourth side more proximate the cavity 207 so that there is a side edge where the lid 211 is not connected to the top 206 thus providing a grasping portion 212 where the lid 211 can easily be grasped by the user to begin peeling the lid 211 away from the top 206. The peel strength of the seal 214 is preferably less than 250 grams per inch, which allows for easy peeling of the lid 211 away from the top 206 while providing a seal between the top 206 and the lid 211. The base 201, the lid 211, and the seal 214 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 200.
The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq. in.). For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR
is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 201 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in.
for the lid 211.
As shown in Figures 9-12, the product packaging 300 includes a base 301 and a peelable lid 311 interconnected by a seal 314. The base 301 includes five sides 302, the adjacent sides 302 being interconnected by a rounded corner 303. Each side 302 is preferably approximately 108 degrees from the adjacent side 302. The sides 302 and the corners 303 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 302 and the
Preferably, the solid product 220 is a square-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 201. Then, the peelable lid 211 is connected to the top 206 of the base 201.
The peelable lid 211 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 206 of the base 201. Preferably, the lid 211 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 214, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 211 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 206 of the base 201, interconnects the top 206 and the lid 211.
The seal 214 is preferably placed proximate the perimeter of three sides of the top 206 with the fourth side more proximate the cavity 207 so that there is a side edge where the lid 211 is not connected to the top 206 thus providing a grasping portion 212 where the lid 211 can easily be grasped by the user to begin peeling the lid 211 away from the top 206. The peel strength of the seal 214 is preferably less than 250 grams per inch, which allows for easy peeling of the lid 211 away from the top 206 while providing a seal between the top 206 and the lid 211. The base 201, the lid 211, and the seal 214 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 200.
The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq. in.). For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR
is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 201 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in.
for the lid 211.
As shown in Figures 9-12, the product packaging 300 includes a base 301 and a peelable lid 311 interconnected by a seal 314. The base 301 includes five sides 302, the adjacent sides 302 being interconnected by a rounded corner 303. Each side 302 is preferably approximately 108 degrees from the adjacent side 302. The sides 302 and the corners 303 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 302 and the
8 corners 303 by a bottom 305. A top 306, which is preferably a flange, extends outward from the sides 302 and the corners 303 proximate the top edges of the sides 302 and the corners 303. The sides 302, the corners 303, and the bottom 305 form a cavity 307.
Ribbing 304 is proximate the bottom 305 of the base 301 and is a textured, non-slip, grippable surface on the exterior of the base 301. It is recognized that other textured, non-slip, grippable surfaces such as, but not limited to, waffle weaves, bumps, roughened surfaces, and rubber coated surfaces may be used. The ribbing 304 is preferably at least one ridge extending outward from at least two opposing sides 302 and, more preferably, at least three ridges extending outward from the sides 302 and the corners 305 around the base 301 parallel with the bottom 305. The ribbing 304 preferably extends outward from the base 301 at least 1.5 millimeters ("mm"), and if multiple ridges are used, the ridges are preferably spaced apart at least 25.4 mm center to center of the ridges. The ribbing 304 is preferably within 2.0 inches from the bottom 305.
Although it is recognized that the base 301 may be made of separate components, the base 301 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 304 extending outward from the sides 302 and the corners 303. Preferably, the base 301 is thermoformed by means well known in the art and made of polymeric (relating to or comprised of polymers) materials including, but not limited to, polyethylenes, nylons, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. As shown in Figure 10, the base 301 may be constructed by means well known in the art adjacent another base 301 with a score line 316 between the bases 301 so that the bases 301 may be easily separated.
A solid product 320 is placed within the cavity 307. Preferably, the solid product 320 is a pentagon-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 301.
Then, the peelable lid 311 is connected to the top 306 of the base 301.
The peelable lid 311 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 306 of the base 301. Preferably, the lid 311 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 314, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 311 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 306 of the base 301, interconnects the top 306 and the lid 311.
Ribbing 304 is proximate the bottom 305 of the base 301 and is a textured, non-slip, grippable surface on the exterior of the base 301. It is recognized that other textured, non-slip, grippable surfaces such as, but not limited to, waffle weaves, bumps, roughened surfaces, and rubber coated surfaces may be used. The ribbing 304 is preferably at least one ridge extending outward from at least two opposing sides 302 and, more preferably, at least three ridges extending outward from the sides 302 and the corners 305 around the base 301 parallel with the bottom 305. The ribbing 304 preferably extends outward from the base 301 at least 1.5 millimeters ("mm"), and if multiple ridges are used, the ridges are preferably spaced apart at least 25.4 mm center to center of the ridges. The ribbing 304 is preferably within 2.0 inches from the bottom 305.
Although it is recognized that the base 301 may be made of separate components, the base 301 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 304 extending outward from the sides 302 and the corners 303. Preferably, the base 301 is thermoformed by means well known in the art and made of polymeric (relating to or comprised of polymers) materials including, but not limited to, polyethylenes, nylons, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. As shown in Figure 10, the base 301 may be constructed by means well known in the art adjacent another base 301 with a score line 316 between the bases 301 so that the bases 301 may be easily separated.
A solid product 320 is placed within the cavity 307. Preferably, the solid product 320 is a pentagon-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 301.
Then, the peelable lid 311 is connected to the top 306 of the base 301.
The peelable lid 311 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 306 of the base 301. Preferably, the lid 311 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 314, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 311 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 306 of the base 301, interconnects the top 306 and the lid 311.
9 The seal 314 is preferably placed proximate the perimeter of the top 306 with one corner angled so that there is a corner where the lid 311 is not connected to the top 306 thus providing a grasping portion 312 where the lid 311 can easily be grasped by the user to begin peeling the lid 311 away from the top 306. The peel strength of the seal 314 is preferably less than 250 grams per inch, which allows for easy peeling of the lid 311 away from the top 306 while providing a seal between the top 306 and the lid 311.
The base 301, the lid 311, and the seal 314 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 300. The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq.
in.).
For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 301 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid 311.
As shown in Figures 13-17, the product packaging 400 includes a base 401 and a peelable lid 411 interconnected by a seal 414. The base 401 includes six sides 402, the adjacent sides 402 being interconnected by a rounded corner 403. Each side 402 is preferably approximately 120 degrees from the adjacent side 402. The sides 402 and the corners 403 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 402 and the corners 403 by a bottom 405. A top 406, which is preferably a flange, extends outward from the sides 402 and the corners 403 proximate the top edges of the sides 402 and the corners 403. The sides 402, the corners 403, and the bottom 405 form a cavity 407.
Ribbing 404 is proximate the bottom 405 of the base 401 and is a textured, non-slip, grippable surface on the exterior of the base 401. It is recognized that other textured, non-slip, grippable surfaces such as, but not limited to, waffle weaves, bumps, roughened surfaces, and rubber coated surfaces may be used. The ribbing 404 is preferably at least one ridge extending outward from at least two opposing sides 402 and, more preferably, at least three ridges extending outward from the sides 402 and the corners 405 around the base 401 parallel with the bottom 405. The ribbing 404 preferably extends outward from the base 401 at least 1.5 millimeters ("mm"), and if multiple ridges are used, the ridges are preferably spaced apart at least 25.4 mm center to center of the ridges. The ribbing 404 is preferably within 2.0 inches from the bottom 405.
Although it is recognized that the base 401 may be made of separate components, the base 401 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 404 extending outward from the sides 402 and the corners 403. Preferably, the base 401 is thermoformed by means well known in the art and made of polymeric (relating to or comprised of polymers) materials including, but not limited to, polyethylenes, nylons, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. As shown in Figure 14, the base 401 may be constructed by means well known in the art adjacent another base 401 with a score line 416 between the bases 401 so that the bases 401 may be easily separated.
A solid product 420 is placed within the cavity 407. Preferably, the solid product 420 is a hexagon-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 401.
Then, the peelable lid 411 is connected to the top 406 of the base 401.
The peelable lid 411 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 406 of the base 401. Preferably, the lid 411 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 414, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 411 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 406 of the base 401, interconnects the top 406 and the lid 411.
The seal 414 is preferably placed proximate the perimeter of the top 406 with one corner angled so that there is a corner where the lid 411 is not connected to the top 406 thus providing a grasping portion 412 where the lid 411 can easily be grasped by the user to begin peeling the lid 411 away from the top 406. The peel strength of the seal 414 is preferably less than 250 grams per inch, which allows for easy peeling of the lid 411 away from the top 406 while providing a seal between the top 406 and the lid 411.
The base 401, the lid 411, and the seal 414 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 400. The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq.
in.).
For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 401 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid 411.
The product packages 100, 200, 300, and 400 allow for the solid products 120, 220, 320, and 420, respectively, contained therein to be easily placed into a solid product dispenser without directly contacting the solid products 120, 220, 320, and 420.
Although specific shapes of the bases and of the products are shown and described, it is recognized that other shapes of the bases and of the products may be used.
Preferably, the shape of the base corresponds with the shape of the product. For ease of reference, how the product packaging 400 is used to place the product 420 into a solid product dispenser is described, although this description is also applicable to other embodiments.
In operation, the user preferably holds the product package 400 in one hand and grasps the lid 411 proximate the grasping portion 412 with the other hand and begins to peel the lid 411 away from the top 406 by breaking the seal 414, as illustrated in Figure 17. Preferably, a tool is not needed to remove the lid 411. Once the lid 411 has been peeled away from the top 406, thus exposing the solid product 420 within the cavity 407, the user preferably squeezes the base 401 thus deflecting the base 401 proximate the ribbing 404 inward to provide friction between the base 401 and the solid product 420, as shown in Figure 18, so that the solid product 420 does not fall out of the base 401 when the base 401 is inverted until it is positioned above the product housing and the user releases his or her grip on the base 401. The user then inverts the base 401, the ribbing 404 providing a non-slip, grippable surface, and releases his or her grip on the base 401 thus releasing the friction between the base 401 and the solid product 420, which allows the solid product 420 to fall out of the cavity 407 and into the product housing of the solid product dispenser. Thus, no direct contact with the solid product 420 is necessary.
Some solid products, such as solid acidic and alkaline products, are susceptible to moisture gain, which has a detrimental effect on the product appearance, ease of handling, and product performance. Examples of acidic solid products are disclosed in U.S. Patent 6,432,906 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
Al . Examples of alkaline solid products are disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,474,698 and U.S. Patent Application No.
11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No.
11/487,599 are the SOL1DSENSETM Floor Care A
& B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Thus, the types of materials used for the product packaging is important to ensure the stability of certain types of solid products. As stated previously, for moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq.
in. for the base and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid. Several materials were tested to determine which materials were most desirable in keeping solid products stable.
Example 1 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in an acid product, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
2005/0197276 Al and the acid product of the SOLIDSBNSETM Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc.
of St. Paul, Minnesota, over a period of eight weeks when exposed to accelerated conditions (100 F with a relative humidity of 90%) in three different types of product packaging.
Product packaging 1 was a flexible film, an oriented polypropylene pouch (WLP-2202 manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) heat sealed to contain the solid product therein.
Product Packaging 2 was a rigid polypropylene tray manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin with a film lid (ESE 1250 Z1 film manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin) heat sealed onto the tray to contain the solid product therein.
Product Packaging 3 was a rigid recycled polyethylene terephthalate (RPET) tray manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin with a film lid (ES3 50 N film manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin) heat sealed onto the tray to contain the solid product therein.
Table 1 shows the percentage of weight gain over eight weeks when the solid products were exposed to accelerated conditions (100 F with a relative humidity of 90%) in the three different types of product packaging.
Table 1 Percentage of Weight Gain Over Right Weeks Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week 1 0.26 0.49 0.75 0.97 1.16 1.38 1.58 1.77 2 0.15 0.35 0.59 0.75 0.96 1.15 1.34 1.51 3 0.54 0.98 1.41 1.79 2.14 2.50 2.79 3.08 As shown in Table 1 and in Figure 19, which is a graph representation of the data shown in Table 1, the Product Packaging 2 provided the best moisture barrier.
After approximately 3 weeks, the products contained in the Product Packaging 2 began to yellow in appearance and continued to yellow over the 8-week period.
Coloration data was not available for the other two product packages.
Example 2 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in solid acid and alkaline products over a period of eight weeks when exposed to ambient conditions (73 F with a relative humidity of 50%) and accelerated conditions (100 F
with a relative humidity of 65% and 100 F with a relative humidity of 85%) in several different types of product packaging.
The solid acid product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2005/0197276 Al, and the solid alkaline product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No 11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
US 2005/0197276 Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11,487,599 are the SOLIDSENSErm Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Packaging A was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester! 3 mil linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK PETE 37575 L manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 0.8 mil nylon /2.7 mil low density polyethylene (WINPAK PAE 2070 Z14 manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging B was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester / 3 mil linear low density polyethylene (W1NPAK PETE 37575 L manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging C was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 21 mil polypropylene /3 mil polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK PE 600 N manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging D was a flexible vacuum formed tray made of 9 mil nylon, EVOH, linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK MB 225L manufactured by WINPAK LTD.
of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 0.8 mil nylon! 2.7 mil low density polyethylene (WINPAK PAE 2070 Z14 manufactured by WINPAK
LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging E was a flexible vacuum formed tray made of 9 mil nylon, EVOH, linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK MB 225L manufactured by WINPAK LTD.
of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF
manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging F was a flexible vacuum formed tray made of 9.0 mil polypropylene, polyolefin plastomer coextrusion (WINPAK MFS 225 L manufactured by WINPAK
LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF
manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
In addition to weight loss and weight gain under ambient and accelerated conditions, visual inspections were conducted to help determine the stability of the solid products under these conditions. The solid products were rated each week over 8 weeks using a numerical system. The number 1 represents that there were no discrepancies observed, the number 2 represents that there was no change from the previous week, the number 3 represents that there was a hole in the film, the number 4 represents that the product was discoloring (yellow), and the number 5 represents that the product was becoming soft.
The results of the change in weight for the solid acid product are in Table 2 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 4. The results of the visual inspection for the solid acid product are in Table 3 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 5.
Table 2 Weight Change of Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Initial Weight Week Week Total Percentage (grams) 4 8 Weight Weight Change Change Ambient B 1127.10 1128.50 1129.62 2.52 0.22 Ambient C 1098.80 1099.30 1099.87 1.07 0.10 Ambient E 1087.90 1088.70 1089.37 1.47 0.14 Ambient F 1077.90 1079.00 1079.86 1.96 0.18 100 F, B 1150.00 1157.00 1161.77 11.77 1.02 85% RH
100 F, C 1103.60 1107.10 1109.81 6.21 0.56 85% RH
100 F, E 1089.50 1094.90 1098.81 9.31 0.85 85% RH
100 F, F 1095.00 1102.00 1106.85 11.85 1.08 85% RH
Table 3 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Ambient B 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient C 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient E 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient F 1 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 bottom edge 100 F, B 1 2 4 4 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 85% RH
100 F, C 1 4 2 2 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 85% RH
100 F, E 1 2 4 4 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 85% RH
100 F, F 1 ' 4 4 4 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 , 85% RH , Table 4 Weight Change of Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient A 1260.00 1261.00 1262.03 2.03 0.16 Ambient B 1257.40 1258.20 1259.09 1.69 0.13 Ambient D 1242.50 1243.10 1243.73 1.23 0.10 Ambient E 1255.10 1255.60 1256.18 1.08 0.09 100 F, A 1242.50 1248.70 1253.60 11.10 0.89 65% RH
100 F, B 1245.60 1253.30 1259.22 13.62 1.09 65% RH
100 F, D 1237.20 1241.60 1245.26 8.06 0.65 65% RH
100 F, E 1236.40 1240.50 1243.63 7.23 0.58 65% RH
100 F, A 1240.90 1248.70 1254.87 13.97 1.13 85% RH
100 F, B 1225.60 1233.00 1238.68 13.08 1.07 85% RH
100 F, D 1227.40 1234.00 1239.32 11.92 0.97 85% RH
100 F, E 1233.50 1238.90 1243.12 9.62 0.78 85% RH
Table 5 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks _ Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week ____________________________________________________________________________ _ _ __________________________________ Ambient A 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient B 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient D 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ ___________________________________________________________________________ Ambient E 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 100 F, A 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, B 1 2 31 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, D 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, E 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, A 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 85% RH _________________________________________________________ 100 F, B 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 85% RH
100 F, D 32 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 85% RH
- 100 F, E 1 2 2 - 5 5 5 5 5 _ 85% RH
1 - tear caused by handling 2- package was damaged From these results, it was determined that the lower the WVTR of the film, the better protection was provided for the acid and alkaline products. The films providing acceptable protection for the acid and alkaline products had a WVTR of less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. The films providing unacceptable protection for the acid and alkaline products had WVTR of less than 0.06 to 0.45 g/100 sq. in., at which the integrity of the products deteriorated.
Example 3 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in solid acid and alkaline products over a period of eight weeks when exposed to ambient conditions (73 F with a relative humidity of 50%) and accelerated conditions (100 F
with a relative humidity of 65% and 100 F with a relative humidity of 85%) in several different types of product packaging.
The solid acid product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2005/0197276 Al, and the solid alkaline product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No, 11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
US 2005/0197276 Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/487,599 are the SOLIDSENSEnn Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Packaging G was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester /3 mil linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK PETE 37575 L with a WVTR of 0.06 g/100 sq. in. manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 0.8 mil nylon / 2.7 mil low density polyethylene / easy peel (WINPAK PAE 2070 Z14 with a WVTR of 0.45 g/100 sq. in. manufactured by WINPAK LID. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging H was a flexible shrink film made of multi-layered, cross-linked polyethylene shrink film, single wound, 1.25 mil manufactured by Cryovac, Inc.
of Saddle Brook, New Jersey.
In addition to weight loss and weight gain under ambient and accelerated conditions, visual inspections were conducted to help determine the stability of the solid products under these conditions. The solid products were rated each week over 8 weeks using a numerical system. The number 1 represents that there were no discrepancies observed, the number 2 represents that there was no change from the previous week, the number 3 represents that there was tearing in the film, the number 4 represents that the product was becoming soft, the number 5 represents that the product was discoloring, the number 6 represents that the product was discolored, and the number 7 represents that slight mold patches were beginning to form.
The results of the change in weight for the solid acid product are in Table 6 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 8. The results of the visual inspection for the solid acid product are in Table 7 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 9.
Table 6 Weight Change of Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week To Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient G 1 1119.06 1119.41 1119.63 0.57 0.05 Ambient G 2 1116.64 1116.97 1117.13 0.49 0.04 Ambient G 3 1118.62 1118.85 1119.12 0.50 0.04 Ambient G 4 1120.17 1120.45 1120.63 0.46 0.04 Ambient H 1 1099.17 1100.86 1102.03 2.86 0.26 Ambient H 2 1090.03 1091.70 1092.95 2.92 0.27 Ambient H 3 1088.23 1089.85 1091.06 2.83 0.26 Ambient H 4 1093.31 1094.94 1096.16 2.85 0.26 100 F, G 1 1128.95 1130.28 1131.45 2.50 0.22 65% RH
100 F, G 2 1111.16 1113.00 1115.00 3.84 0.35 65% RH
100 F, G 3 1117.61 1118.97 1120.18 2.57 0.23 65% RH
100 F, G 4 1114.64 1116.29 1117.98 3.34 0.30 65% RH
100 F, H 1 1091.19 1096.94 1101.14 9.95 0.91 65% RH
100 F, H 2 1101.87 1107.32 1111.76 9.89 0.90 65% RH
100 F, H 3 1098.43 1105.37 1110.76 12.33 1.12 65% RH
100 F, H 4 1096.20 1102.52 1107.08
The base 301, the lid 311, and the seal 314 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 300. The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq.
in.).
For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 301 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid 311.
As shown in Figures 13-17, the product packaging 400 includes a base 401 and a peelable lid 411 interconnected by a seal 414. The base 401 includes six sides 402, the adjacent sides 402 being interconnected by a rounded corner 403. Each side 402 is preferably approximately 120 degrees from the adjacent side 402. The sides 402 and the corners 403 are interconnected proximate the bottom edges of the sides 402 and the corners 403 by a bottom 405. A top 406, which is preferably a flange, extends outward from the sides 402 and the corners 403 proximate the top edges of the sides 402 and the corners 403. The sides 402, the corners 403, and the bottom 405 form a cavity 407.
Ribbing 404 is proximate the bottom 405 of the base 401 and is a textured, non-slip, grippable surface on the exterior of the base 401. It is recognized that other textured, non-slip, grippable surfaces such as, but not limited to, waffle weaves, bumps, roughened surfaces, and rubber coated surfaces may be used. The ribbing 404 is preferably at least one ridge extending outward from at least two opposing sides 402 and, more preferably, at least three ridges extending outward from the sides 402 and the corners 405 around the base 401 parallel with the bottom 405. The ribbing 404 preferably extends outward from the base 401 at least 1.5 millimeters ("mm"), and if multiple ridges are used, the ridges are preferably spaced apart at least 25.4 mm center to center of the ridges. The ribbing 404 is preferably within 2.0 inches from the bottom 405.
Although it is recognized that the base 401 may be made of separate components, the base 401 is preferably integrally formed, including the ribbing 404 extending outward from the sides 402 and the corners 403. Preferably, the base 401 is thermoformed by means well known in the art and made of polymeric (relating to or comprised of polymers) materials including, but not limited to, polyethylenes, nylons, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. As shown in Figure 14, the base 401 may be constructed by means well known in the art adjacent another base 401 with a score line 416 between the bases 401 so that the bases 401 may be easily separated.
A solid product 420 is placed within the cavity 407. Preferably, the solid product 420 is a hexagon-shaped product corresponding with the shape of the base 401.
Then, the peelable lid 411 is connected to the top 406 of the base 401.
The peelable lid 411 is preferably an easy peel film corresponding in shape with the top 406 of the base 401. Preferably, the lid 411 is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer. The seal 414, which is preferably formed by applying heat to the lid 411 which bonds the heat sealable layer to the top 406 of the base 401, interconnects the top 406 and the lid 411.
The seal 414 is preferably placed proximate the perimeter of the top 406 with one corner angled so that there is a corner where the lid 411 is not connected to the top 406 thus providing a grasping portion 412 where the lid 411 can easily be grasped by the user to begin peeling the lid 411 away from the top 406. The peel strength of the seal 414 is preferably less than 250 grams per inch, which allows for easy peeling of the lid 411 away from the top 406 while providing a seal between the top 406 and the lid 411.
The base 401, the lid 411, and the seal 414 provide a moisture barrier so that moisture cannot penetrate the product packaging 400. The water vapor transmission rate ("WVTR") is measured in grams per 100 square inches per 24 hours (g/100 sq.
in.).
For moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. for the base 401 and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid 411.
The product packages 100, 200, 300, and 400 allow for the solid products 120, 220, 320, and 420, respectively, contained therein to be easily placed into a solid product dispenser without directly contacting the solid products 120, 220, 320, and 420.
Although specific shapes of the bases and of the products are shown and described, it is recognized that other shapes of the bases and of the products may be used.
Preferably, the shape of the base corresponds with the shape of the product. For ease of reference, how the product packaging 400 is used to place the product 420 into a solid product dispenser is described, although this description is also applicable to other embodiments.
In operation, the user preferably holds the product package 400 in one hand and grasps the lid 411 proximate the grasping portion 412 with the other hand and begins to peel the lid 411 away from the top 406 by breaking the seal 414, as illustrated in Figure 17. Preferably, a tool is not needed to remove the lid 411. Once the lid 411 has been peeled away from the top 406, thus exposing the solid product 420 within the cavity 407, the user preferably squeezes the base 401 thus deflecting the base 401 proximate the ribbing 404 inward to provide friction between the base 401 and the solid product 420, as shown in Figure 18, so that the solid product 420 does not fall out of the base 401 when the base 401 is inverted until it is positioned above the product housing and the user releases his or her grip on the base 401. The user then inverts the base 401, the ribbing 404 providing a non-slip, grippable surface, and releases his or her grip on the base 401 thus releasing the friction between the base 401 and the solid product 420, which allows the solid product 420 to fall out of the cavity 407 and into the product housing of the solid product dispenser. Thus, no direct contact with the solid product 420 is necessary.
Some solid products, such as solid acidic and alkaline products, are susceptible to moisture gain, which has a detrimental effect on the product appearance, ease of handling, and product performance. Examples of acidic solid products are disclosed in U.S. Patent 6,432,906 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
Al . Examples of alkaline solid products are disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,474,698 and U.S. Patent Application No.
11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No.
11/487,599 are the SOL1DSENSETM Floor Care A
& B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Thus, the types of materials used for the product packaging is important to ensure the stability of certain types of solid products. As stated previously, for moisture sensitive products, the WVTR is preferably less than 0.02 g/100 sq.
in. for the base and less than 0.13 g/100 sq. in. for the lid. Several materials were tested to determine which materials were most desirable in keeping solid products stable.
Example 1 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in an acid product, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
2005/0197276 Al and the acid product of the SOLIDSBNSETM Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc.
of St. Paul, Minnesota, over a period of eight weeks when exposed to accelerated conditions (100 F with a relative humidity of 90%) in three different types of product packaging.
Product packaging 1 was a flexible film, an oriented polypropylene pouch (WLP-2202 manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) heat sealed to contain the solid product therein.
Product Packaging 2 was a rigid polypropylene tray manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin with a film lid (ESE 1250 Z1 film manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin) heat sealed onto the tray to contain the solid product therein.
Product Packaging 3 was a rigid recycled polyethylene terephthalate (RPET) tray manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin with a film lid (ES3 50 N film manufactured by Creative Forming, Inc. of Ripon, Wisconsin) heat sealed onto the tray to contain the solid product therein.
Table 1 shows the percentage of weight gain over eight weeks when the solid products were exposed to accelerated conditions (100 F with a relative humidity of 90%) in the three different types of product packaging.
Table 1 Percentage of Weight Gain Over Right Weeks Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week 1 0.26 0.49 0.75 0.97 1.16 1.38 1.58 1.77 2 0.15 0.35 0.59 0.75 0.96 1.15 1.34 1.51 3 0.54 0.98 1.41 1.79 2.14 2.50 2.79 3.08 As shown in Table 1 and in Figure 19, which is a graph representation of the data shown in Table 1, the Product Packaging 2 provided the best moisture barrier.
After approximately 3 weeks, the products contained in the Product Packaging 2 began to yellow in appearance and continued to yellow over the 8-week period.
Coloration data was not available for the other two product packages.
Example 2 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in solid acid and alkaline products over a period of eight weeks when exposed to ambient conditions (73 F with a relative humidity of 50%) and accelerated conditions (100 F
with a relative humidity of 65% and 100 F with a relative humidity of 85%) in several different types of product packaging.
The solid acid product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2005/0197276 Al, and the solid alkaline product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No 11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
US 2005/0197276 Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11,487,599 are the SOLIDSENSErm Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Packaging A was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester! 3 mil linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK PETE 37575 L manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 0.8 mil nylon /2.7 mil low density polyethylene (WINPAK PAE 2070 Z14 manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging B was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester / 3 mil linear low density polyethylene (W1NPAK PETE 37575 L manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging C was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 21 mil polypropylene /3 mil polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK PE 600 N manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging D was a flexible vacuum formed tray made of 9 mil nylon, EVOH, linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK MB 225L manufactured by WINPAK LTD.
of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 0.8 mil nylon! 2.7 mil low density polyethylene (WINPAK PAE 2070 Z14 manufactured by WINPAK
LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging E was a flexible vacuum formed tray made of 9 mil nylon, EVOH, linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK MB 225L manufactured by WINPAK LTD.
of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF
manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging F was a flexible vacuum formed tray made of 9.0 mil polypropylene, polyolefin plastomer coextrusion (WINPAK MFS 225 L manufactured by WINPAK
LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 4.0 mil white pigmented high density polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK SK 100 WNF
manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
In addition to weight loss and weight gain under ambient and accelerated conditions, visual inspections were conducted to help determine the stability of the solid products under these conditions. The solid products were rated each week over 8 weeks using a numerical system. The number 1 represents that there were no discrepancies observed, the number 2 represents that there was no change from the previous week, the number 3 represents that there was a hole in the film, the number 4 represents that the product was discoloring (yellow), and the number 5 represents that the product was becoming soft.
The results of the change in weight for the solid acid product are in Table 2 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 4. The results of the visual inspection for the solid acid product are in Table 3 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 5.
Table 2 Weight Change of Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Initial Weight Week Week Total Percentage (grams) 4 8 Weight Weight Change Change Ambient B 1127.10 1128.50 1129.62 2.52 0.22 Ambient C 1098.80 1099.30 1099.87 1.07 0.10 Ambient E 1087.90 1088.70 1089.37 1.47 0.14 Ambient F 1077.90 1079.00 1079.86 1.96 0.18 100 F, B 1150.00 1157.00 1161.77 11.77 1.02 85% RH
100 F, C 1103.60 1107.10 1109.81 6.21 0.56 85% RH
100 F, E 1089.50 1094.90 1098.81 9.31 0.85 85% RH
100 F, F 1095.00 1102.00 1106.85 11.85 1.08 85% RH
Table 3 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Ambient B 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient C 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient E 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient F 1 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 bottom edge 100 F, B 1 2 4 4 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 85% RH
100 F, C 1 4 2 2 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 85% RH
100 F, E 1 2 4 4 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 85% RH
100 F, F 1 ' 4 4 4 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 , 85% RH , Table 4 Weight Change of Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient A 1260.00 1261.00 1262.03 2.03 0.16 Ambient B 1257.40 1258.20 1259.09 1.69 0.13 Ambient D 1242.50 1243.10 1243.73 1.23 0.10 Ambient E 1255.10 1255.60 1256.18 1.08 0.09 100 F, A 1242.50 1248.70 1253.60 11.10 0.89 65% RH
100 F, B 1245.60 1253.30 1259.22 13.62 1.09 65% RH
100 F, D 1237.20 1241.60 1245.26 8.06 0.65 65% RH
100 F, E 1236.40 1240.50 1243.63 7.23 0.58 65% RH
100 F, A 1240.90 1248.70 1254.87 13.97 1.13 85% RH
100 F, B 1225.60 1233.00 1238.68 13.08 1.07 85% RH
100 F, D 1227.40 1234.00 1239.32 11.92 0.97 85% RH
100 F, E 1233.50 1238.90 1243.12 9.62 0.78 85% RH
Table 5 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks _ Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week ____________________________________________________________________________ _ _ __________________________________ Ambient A 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient B 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient D 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ ___________________________________________________________________________ Ambient E 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 100 F, A 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, B 1 2 31 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, D 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, E 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 65% RH
100 F, A 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 85% RH _________________________________________________________ 100 F, B 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 85% RH
100 F, D 32 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 85% RH
- 100 F, E 1 2 2 - 5 5 5 5 5 _ 85% RH
1 - tear caused by handling 2- package was damaged From these results, it was determined that the lower the WVTR of the film, the better protection was provided for the acid and alkaline products. The films providing acceptable protection for the acid and alkaline products had a WVTR of less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. The films providing unacceptable protection for the acid and alkaline products had WVTR of less than 0.06 to 0.45 g/100 sq. in., at which the integrity of the products deteriorated.
Example 3 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in solid acid and alkaline products over a period of eight weeks when exposed to ambient conditions (73 F with a relative humidity of 50%) and accelerated conditions (100 F
with a relative humidity of 65% and 100 F with a relative humidity of 85%) in several different types of product packaging.
The solid acid product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2005/0197276 Al, and the solid alkaline product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No, 11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
US 2005/0197276 Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/487,599 are the SOLIDSENSEnn Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Packaging G was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester /3 mil linear low density polyethylene (WINPAK PETE 37575 L with a WVTR of 0.06 g/100 sq. in. manufactured by WINPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of 0.8 mil nylon / 2.7 mil low density polyethylene / easy peel (WINPAK PAE 2070 Z14 with a WVTR of 0.45 g/100 sq. in. manufactured by WINPAK LID. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging H was a flexible shrink film made of multi-layered, cross-linked polyethylene shrink film, single wound, 1.25 mil manufactured by Cryovac, Inc.
of Saddle Brook, New Jersey.
In addition to weight loss and weight gain under ambient and accelerated conditions, visual inspections were conducted to help determine the stability of the solid products under these conditions. The solid products were rated each week over 8 weeks using a numerical system. The number 1 represents that there were no discrepancies observed, the number 2 represents that there was no change from the previous week, the number 3 represents that there was tearing in the film, the number 4 represents that the product was becoming soft, the number 5 represents that the product was discoloring, the number 6 represents that the product was discolored, and the number 7 represents that slight mold patches were beginning to form.
The results of the change in weight for the solid acid product are in Table 6 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 8. The results of the visual inspection for the solid acid product are in Table 7 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 9.
Table 6 Weight Change of Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week To Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient G 1 1119.06 1119.41 1119.63 0.57 0.05 Ambient G 2 1116.64 1116.97 1117.13 0.49 0.04 Ambient G 3 1118.62 1118.85 1119.12 0.50 0.04 Ambient G 4 1120.17 1120.45 1120.63 0.46 0.04 Ambient H 1 1099.17 1100.86 1102.03 2.86 0.26 Ambient H 2 1090.03 1091.70 1092.95 2.92 0.27 Ambient H 3 1088.23 1089.85 1091.06 2.83 0.26 Ambient H 4 1093.31 1094.94 1096.16 2.85 0.26 100 F, G 1 1128.95 1130.28 1131.45 2.50 0.22 65% RH
100 F, G 2 1111.16 1113.00 1115.00 3.84 0.35 65% RH
100 F, G 3 1117.61 1118.97 1120.18 2.57 0.23 65% RH
100 F, G 4 1114.64 1116.29 1117.98 3.34 0.30 65% RH
100 F, H 1 1091.19 1096.94 1101.14 9.95 0.91 65% RH
100 F, H 2 1101.87 1107.32 1111.76 9.89 0.90 65% RH
100 F, H 3 1098.43 1105.37 1110.76 12.33 1.12 65% RH
100 F, H 4 1096.20 1102.52 1107.08
10.88 0.99 65% RH
Table 6 Continued Weight Change of Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change 100 F, G 1 1112.21 1113.79 1115.98 3.77 0.34 85% RH
100 F, G 2 1120.96 1131.55 1133.82 12.86 1.15 85% RH
100 F, G 3 1113.88 1117.78 1121.80 7.92 0.71 85% RH
100 F, G 4 1109.62 1111.99 1114.16 4.54 0.41 85% RH
100 F, H 1 1099.03 1112.95 1125.19 26.16 2.38 85% RH
100 F, H 2 1103.50 1116.29 1127.11 23.61 2.14 85% RH
100 F, H 3 1096.66 1110.49 1121.45 24.79 2.26 85% RH
100 F, H 4 1090.39 1100.65 1110.46 20.07 1.84 85% RH
Table 7 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging ! Week Week ' Week Week Week Week 1 Week Week / Sample ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ambient G / 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H / 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 Ambient H /2 1 2 4 2 5 2 2 2 Ambient H / 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H / 4 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 100 F, G / 1 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G / 2 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G / 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G / 4 1 2 4 2 5 2 ' 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 1 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 2 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 3 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 4 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
Table 7 Continued Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week /Sample 100 F, G/ 1 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G12 1 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G13 1 4 2 5 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G14 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 5 85% RH
100 F, H / 1 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 2 4,5 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 3 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 4 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
Table 8 Weight Change of Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient G 1 1148.65 1148.86 1148.98 0.33 0.03 Ambient G 2 1144.95 1145.14 1145.28 0.33 0.03 Ambient G 3 1152.76 1152.98 1153.12 0.36 0.03 Ambient G 4 1149.80 1150.30 1150.68 0.88 0.08 Ambient H 1 1125.57 1127.66 1129.00 3.43 0.30 Ambient H 2 1117.30 1119.18 1120.30 3.00 0.27 Ambient H 3 1128.05 1129.93 1131.22 3.17 0.28 Ambient H 4 1133.85 1135.64 1136.92 3.07 0.27 100 F, G 1 1142.92 1144.33 1145.41 2.49 0.22 65% RH
100 F, G 2 1143.59 1145.24 1146.30 2.71 0.24 65% RH
100 F, G 3 1148.00 1152.34 1153.26 5.26 0.46 65% RH
100 F, G 4 1130.44 1132.35 1133.37 2.93 0.26 65% RH
100 F, H 1 1061.10 1068.38 1074.65 13.55 1.28 65% RH
100 F, H 2 1068.07 1078.63 1083.45 15.38 1.44 65% RH
100 F, H 3 1127.08 1134.73 1140.84 13.76 1.22 65% RH
100 F, H 4 1136.93 1159.92 1165.15 28.22 2.48 65% RH
Table 8 Continued Weight Change of Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change 100 F, G 1 1147.85 1149.82 1151.50 3.65 0.32 85% RH
100 F, G 2 1142.47 1145.18 1148.37 5.90 0.52 85% RH
100 F, G 3 1137.91 1140.50 1142.46 4.55 0.40 85% RH
100 F, G 4 1132.36 1135.48 1137.89 5.53 0.49 85% RH
100 F, H 1 1138.11 1152.12 1164.40 26.29 2.31 85% RH
100 F, H 2 1125.72 1140.80 1153.99 28.27 2.51 85% RH
100 F, H 3 1126.95 1142.40 1157.47 30.52 2.71 85% RH
100 F, H 4 1068.28 1078.24 1092.91 24.63 2.31 85% RH
Table 9 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week /Sample Ambient G / 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G /2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G /3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H / 1 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H /2 1 3 2 4 2 2 2 2 Ambient H /3 1 1 2 4 2 2 2 7 Ambient H /4 1 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 100 F, G/ 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G/2 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, 0/3 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G/4 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 '2 65% RH
100 F, H/3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 4 3,4 2 2 2 2 5 2 2 65% RH
Table 9 Continued Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week /Sample 1 100 F, G / 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G / 2 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G / 3 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G / 4 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 2 3,4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 3 3,4 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 4 3,4 2 2 2 5 2 6 2 85% RH
Both the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the semi-rigid trays showed a significant reduction in weight gain as compared to the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the flexible shrink film.
Further, the appearance of the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the semi-rigid trays were acceptable while the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the flexible shrink film had a mottled appearance.
For Packaging G, the base had a WVTR of 0.06 g/100 sq. in. and the lid had a WVTR of 0.45 g/100 sq. in.
Example 4 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in solid acid and alkaline products over a period of eight weeks when exposed to ambient conditions (73 F with a relative humidity of 50%) and accelerated conditions (100 F
with a relative humidity of 85%) in several different types of product packaging.
The solid acid product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2005/0197276 Al, and the solid alkaline product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
US 2005/0197276 Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/487,599 are the SOLIDSENSETm Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Packaging I was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester /3 mil linear low density polyethylene (WlNPAK PETE 37575 manufactured by WlNPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of mil nylon /3 mil polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK PE manufactured by WlNPAK
LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging J was a flexible shrink film made of multi-layered, cross-linked polyethylene shrink film, single wound, 1.25 mil manufactured by Cryovac, Inc.
of Saddle Brook, New Jersey.
In addition to weight loss and weight gain under ambient and accelerated conditions, visual inspections were conducted to help determine the stability of the solid products under these conditions. The solid products were rated each week over 8 weeks using a numerical system. The number 1 represents that there were no discrepancies observed, the number 2 represents that there was no change from the previous week, the number 3 represents that there was product discoloration and weepage proximate the perforation holes, the number 4 represents that there was product discoloration proximate the film pressure points, the number 5 represents that there was product softening proximate the perforation holes, and the number 6 represents that there was product discoloration proximate the perforation holes.
The results of the change in weight for the solid acid product are in Table 10 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 12. The results of the visual inspection for the solid acid product are in Table 11 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 13.
Table 10 Weight Change in Product Packaged in Shrink Film Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient 1 999.64 1000.13 1000.62 0.98 0.10 Ambient 2 1004.72 1005.27 1005.85 1.13 0.11 Ambient 3 987.78 988.44 989.06 1.28 0.13 Ambient 4 999.89 1000.59 1001.23 1.34 0.13 100 F, 1 1028.89 1040.62 1051.69 22.80 2.22 85% RH
100 F, 2 993.37 1004.54 1016.15 22.78 2.29 85% RH
100 F, 3 993.98 1004.88 1015.93 21.95 2.21 85% RH
100 F, 4 1012.31 1023.48 1034.50 22.19 2.19 , 85% RH 1 Table 11 Visual Inspection Results of Product Packaged in Shrink Film Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Ambient 1 4 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 Ambient 2 4 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 Ambient 3 4 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 Ambient 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 100 F, 1 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 2 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 3 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 4 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
Table 12 Weight Change in Product Packaged in Tray Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient 1 1011.95 1012.45 1012.88 0.93 0.09 Ambient 2 1021.66 1022.22 1022.70 1.04 0.10 Ambient 3 1010.86 1011.37 1011.81 0.95 0.09 Ambient 4 1019.63 1020.15 1020.59 0.96 0.09 100 F, 1 992.89 998.60 1003.72 10.83 1.09 85% RH
100 F, 2 1016.14 1021.36 1026.03 9.89 0.97 85% RH
100 F, 3 1013.60 1018.77 1023.49 9.89 0.98 85% RH
100 F, 4 1010.98 1017.27 1022.96 11.98 1.18 85% RH
Table 13 Visual Inspection Results of Product Packaged in Tray Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Ambient 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 100 F, 1 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 2 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 3 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 4 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
For the shrink wrapped blocks, no significant changes were noticeable under ambient conditions. The blocks retained a lot of moisture, were soft, and changed in color in areas where moisture was absorbed under the accelerated conditions.
The shrink wrapped blocks did not provide an acceptable moisture barrier. The nature of shrink films requires that there be a process for the evacuation of air as the film shrinks around the product being encased. The two options for air evacuation typically used are punched holes or pin perforations in the film. Both options leave an exposed area of product to atmospheric conditions, specifically moisture uptake, the rate of which can be controlled by the size of the evacuation holes or perforations, but not less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. as provided by the base portion of the tray packages referenced earlier. The base portion of the tray packages reduces the amount of moisture uptake by the product.
For the tray packages, no significant changes were noticeable under ambient conditions. The blocks retained their firmness under the accelerated conditions. The tray packages provided an acceptable moisture barrier.
Through the series of testing, various materials were evaluated for their ability to maintain the integrity of the packaged products based on moisture gain, product appearance such as discoloration, deformation, and the like. In evaluating different polymers such as nylons, polyethelenes, polypropylenes, and the like, it was determined that a polypropylene coextrusion provided the most desirable results. In addition to having acceptable WVIR rates, polypropylene provides good clarity and has a higher softening point allowing for use with various forming methods known in the an. Although polypropylene provided the most desirable results, it is recognized that other materials also provided acceptable results.
The scope of the claims should not be limited by the preferred embodiments set forth in the examples, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.
Table 6 Continued Weight Change of Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change 100 F, G 1 1112.21 1113.79 1115.98 3.77 0.34 85% RH
100 F, G 2 1120.96 1131.55 1133.82 12.86 1.15 85% RH
100 F, G 3 1113.88 1117.78 1121.80 7.92 0.71 85% RH
100 F, G 4 1109.62 1111.99 1114.16 4.54 0.41 85% RH
100 F, H 1 1099.03 1112.95 1125.19 26.16 2.38 85% RH
100 F, H 2 1103.50 1116.29 1127.11 23.61 2.14 85% RH
100 F, H 3 1096.66 1110.49 1121.45 24.79 2.26 85% RH
100 F, H 4 1090.39 1100.65 1110.46 20.07 1.84 85% RH
Table 7 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging ! Week Week ' Week Week Week Week 1 Week Week / Sample ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ambient G / 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H / 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 Ambient H /2 1 2 4 2 5 2 2 2 Ambient H / 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H / 4 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 100 F, G / 1 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G / 2 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G / 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G / 4 1 2 4 2 5 2 ' 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 1 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 2 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 3 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 4 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
Table 7 Continued Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Acid Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week /Sample 100 F, G/ 1 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G12 1 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G13 1 4 2 5 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G14 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 5 85% RH
100 F, H / 1 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 2 4,5 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 3 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 4 4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
Table 8 Weight Change of Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient G 1 1148.65 1148.86 1148.98 0.33 0.03 Ambient G 2 1144.95 1145.14 1145.28 0.33 0.03 Ambient G 3 1152.76 1152.98 1153.12 0.36 0.03 Ambient G 4 1149.80 1150.30 1150.68 0.88 0.08 Ambient H 1 1125.57 1127.66 1129.00 3.43 0.30 Ambient H 2 1117.30 1119.18 1120.30 3.00 0.27 Ambient H 3 1128.05 1129.93 1131.22 3.17 0.28 Ambient H 4 1133.85 1135.64 1136.92 3.07 0.27 100 F, G 1 1142.92 1144.33 1145.41 2.49 0.22 65% RH
100 F, G 2 1143.59 1145.24 1146.30 2.71 0.24 65% RH
100 F, G 3 1148.00 1152.34 1153.26 5.26 0.46 65% RH
100 F, G 4 1130.44 1132.35 1133.37 2.93 0.26 65% RH
100 F, H 1 1061.10 1068.38 1074.65 13.55 1.28 65% RH
100 F, H 2 1068.07 1078.63 1083.45 15.38 1.44 65% RH
100 F, H 3 1127.08 1134.73 1140.84 13.76 1.22 65% RH
100 F, H 4 1136.93 1159.92 1165.15 28.22 2.48 65% RH
Table 8 Continued Weight Change of Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Pkg. Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change 100 F, G 1 1147.85 1149.82 1151.50 3.65 0.32 85% RH
100 F, G 2 1142.47 1145.18 1148.37 5.90 0.52 85% RH
100 F, G 3 1137.91 1140.50 1142.46 4.55 0.40 85% RH
100 F, G 4 1132.36 1135.48 1137.89 5.53 0.49 85% RH
100 F, H 1 1138.11 1152.12 1164.40 26.29 2.31 85% RH
100 F, H 2 1125.72 1140.80 1153.99 28.27 2.51 85% RH
100 F, H 3 1126.95 1142.40 1157.47 30.52 2.71 85% RH
100 F, H 4 1068.28 1078.24 1092.91 24.63 2.31 85% RH
Table 9 Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week /Sample Ambient G / 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G /2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G /3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient G / 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H / 1 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient H /2 1 3 2 4 2 2 2 2 Ambient H /3 1 1 2 4 2 2 2 7 Ambient H /4 1 1 2 4 2 2 2 2 100 F, G/ 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G/2 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, 0/3 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, G/4 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 '2 65% RH
100 F, H/3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 65% RH
100 F, H / 4 3,4 2 2 2 2 5 2 2 65% RH
Table 9 Continued Visual Inspection Results of the Solid Alkaline Product Over Eight Weeks Conditions Packaging Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week /Sample 1 100 F, G / 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G / 2 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G / 3 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, G / 4 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 2 3,4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 3 3,4 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, H / 4 3,4 2 2 2 5 2 6 2 85% RH
Both the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the semi-rigid trays showed a significant reduction in weight gain as compared to the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the flexible shrink film.
Further, the appearance of the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the semi-rigid trays were acceptable while the solid acid products and the solid alkaline products packaged in the flexible shrink film had a mottled appearance.
For Packaging G, the base had a WVTR of 0.06 g/100 sq. in. and the lid had a WVTR of 0.45 g/100 sq. in.
Example 4 Testing was conducted to determine weight loss and weight gain in solid acid and alkaline products over a period of eight weeks when exposed to ambient conditions (73 F with a relative humidity of 50%) and accelerated conditions (100 F
with a relative humidity of 85%) in several different types of product packaging.
The solid acid product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2005/0197276 Al, and the solid alkaline product was the product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/487,599.
The acidic solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
US 2005/0197276 Al and the alkaline solid product disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/487,599 are the SOLIDSENSETm Floor Care A & B products by Ecolab Inc. of St. Paul, Minnesota.
Packaging I was a semi-rigid vacuum formed tray made of 15 mil polyester /3 mil linear low density polyethylene (WlNPAK PETE 37575 manufactured by WlNPAK LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) with an easy peel lid stock made of mil nylon /3 mil polyethylene coextrusion (WINPAK PE manufactured by WlNPAK
LTD. of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada).
Packaging J was a flexible shrink film made of multi-layered, cross-linked polyethylene shrink film, single wound, 1.25 mil manufactured by Cryovac, Inc.
of Saddle Brook, New Jersey.
In addition to weight loss and weight gain under ambient and accelerated conditions, visual inspections were conducted to help determine the stability of the solid products under these conditions. The solid products were rated each week over 8 weeks using a numerical system. The number 1 represents that there were no discrepancies observed, the number 2 represents that there was no change from the previous week, the number 3 represents that there was product discoloration and weepage proximate the perforation holes, the number 4 represents that there was product discoloration proximate the film pressure points, the number 5 represents that there was product softening proximate the perforation holes, and the number 6 represents that there was product discoloration proximate the perforation holes.
The results of the change in weight for the solid acid product are in Table 10 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 12. The results of the visual inspection for the solid acid product are in Table 11 and for the solid alkaline product are in Table 13.
Table 10 Weight Change in Product Packaged in Shrink Film Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient 1 999.64 1000.13 1000.62 0.98 0.10 Ambient 2 1004.72 1005.27 1005.85 1.13 0.11 Ambient 3 987.78 988.44 989.06 1.28 0.13 Ambient 4 999.89 1000.59 1001.23 1.34 0.13 100 F, 1 1028.89 1040.62 1051.69 22.80 2.22 85% RH
100 F, 2 993.37 1004.54 1016.15 22.78 2.29 85% RH
100 F, 3 993.98 1004.88 1015.93 21.95 2.21 85% RH
100 F, 4 1012.31 1023.48 1034.50 22.19 2.19 , 85% RH 1 Table 11 Visual Inspection Results of Product Packaged in Shrink Film Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Ambient 1 4 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 Ambient 2 4 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 Ambient 3 4 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 Ambient 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 100 F, 1 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 2 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 3 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 4 3,4 3,4,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 85% RH
Table 12 Weight Change in Product Packaged in Tray Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Initial Week Week Total Percentage Weight 4 8 Weight Weight (grams) Change Change Ambient 1 1011.95 1012.45 1012.88 0.93 0.09 Ambient 2 1021.66 1022.22 1022.70 1.04 0.10 Ambient 3 1010.86 1011.37 1011.81 0.95 0.09 Ambient 4 1019.63 1020.15 1020.59 0.96 0.09 100 F, 1 992.89 998.60 1003.72 10.83 1.09 85% RH
100 F, 2 1016.14 1021.36 1026.03 9.89 0.97 85% RH
100 F, 3 1013.60 1018.77 1023.49 9.89 0.98 85% RH
100 F, 4 1010.98 1017.27 1022.96 11.98 1.18 85% RH
Table 13 Visual Inspection Results of Product Packaged in Tray Over Eight Weeks Conditions Sample Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Ambient 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ambient 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 100 F, 1 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 2 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 3 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
100 F, 4 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 85% RH
For the shrink wrapped blocks, no significant changes were noticeable under ambient conditions. The blocks retained a lot of moisture, were soft, and changed in color in areas where moisture was absorbed under the accelerated conditions.
The shrink wrapped blocks did not provide an acceptable moisture barrier. The nature of shrink films requires that there be a process for the evacuation of air as the film shrinks around the product being encased. The two options for air evacuation typically used are punched holes or pin perforations in the film. Both options leave an exposed area of product to atmospheric conditions, specifically moisture uptake, the rate of which can be controlled by the size of the evacuation holes or perforations, but not less than 0.02 g/100 sq. in. as provided by the base portion of the tray packages referenced earlier. The base portion of the tray packages reduces the amount of moisture uptake by the product.
For the tray packages, no significant changes were noticeable under ambient conditions. The blocks retained their firmness under the accelerated conditions. The tray packages provided an acceptable moisture barrier.
Through the series of testing, various materials were evaluated for their ability to maintain the integrity of the packaged products based on moisture gain, product appearance such as discoloration, deformation, and the like. In evaluating different polymers such as nylons, polyethelenes, polypropylenes, and the like, it was determined that a polypropylene coextrusion provided the most desirable results. In addition to having acceptable WVIR rates, polypropylene provides good clarity and has a higher softening point allowing for use with various forming methods known in the an. Although polypropylene provided the most desirable results, it is recognized that other materials also provided acceptable results.
The scope of the claims should not be limited by the preferred embodiments set forth in the examples, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.
Claims (11)
1. A product packaging containing a solid product comprising:
a) a base having a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive the solid product, the base having an exterior surface;
b) a texture on the exterior surface of the base, whereby the texture enhances a user's ability to grip the base when the base is inverted;
c) a lid; and d) a seal interconnecting the top of the base and the lid, the seal allowing the lid to be peeled away from the top of the base, wherein the base is a flexible material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, nylon, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride.
a) a base having a top, sides, and a bottom forming a cavity configured and arranged to receive the solid product, the base having an exterior surface;
b) a texture on the exterior surface of the base, whereby the texture enhances a user's ability to grip the base when the base is inverted;
c) a lid; and d) a seal interconnecting the top of the base and the lid, the seal allowing the lid to be peeled away from the top of the base, wherein the base is a flexible material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, nylon, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride.
2. The product packaging of claim 1, wherein the top is a flange extending outward proximate the sides of the base.
3. The product packaging of claim 2, further comprising a grasping portion proximate the flange, the grasping portion being an area where the seal is absent thereby allowing the lid to be grasped and peeled to separate the lid from the top of the base.
4. The product packaging of claim 1, wherein the texture is ribbing.
5. The product packaging of claim 4, wherein the ribbing extends outward at least 1.5 mm.
6. The product packaging of claim 4, the ribbing comprising at least first and second ribs, a center of the first rib spaced at least 25.4 mm from a center of the second rib.
7. The product packaging of claim 4, wherein the ribbing is proximate the bottom of the base.
8. The product packaging of claim 1, wherein the lid is made of a multi-layer laminate comprising at least two layers, one of which is a heat sealable layer.
9. The product packaging of claim 8, wherein the heat sealable layer of the lid creates the seal interconnecting the top of the base and the lid.
10. The product packaging of claim 1, wherein the base has a water vapor transmission rate of less than 0.02 g/l 00 sq. in. and the lid has a water vapor transmission rate of less than 0.13 g/l 00 sq. in.
11. A method of dispensing a solid product from a product packaging according to claims 1 to 10 into a solid product dispenser, comprising:
a) obtaining the product packaging;
b) grasping a portion of the peelable lid;
c) peeling the peelable lid away from the base;
d) holding the base and inverting the base so that the bottom of the base is in an upward orientation and the top of the base is in a downward orientation; and e) squeezing the base thus deflecting the base inward to provide friction between the base and the solid product prior to inverting the base so that the solid product does not fall out of the base until the friction is released, f) allowing the solid product to slide out of the cavity into the solid product dispenser.
a) obtaining the product packaging;
b) grasping a portion of the peelable lid;
c) peeling the peelable lid away from the base;
d) holding the base and inverting the base so that the bottom of the base is in an upward orientation and the top of the base is in a downward orientation; and e) squeezing the base thus deflecting the base inward to provide friction between the base and the solid product prior to inverting the base so that the solid product does not fall out of the base until the friction is released, f) allowing the solid product to slide out of the cavity into the solid product dispenser.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2006/027140 WO2008008061A1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Solid product packaging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2655847A1 CA2655847A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| CA2655847C true CA2655847C (en) | 2014-08-26 |
Family
ID=37775495
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2655847A Active CA2655847C (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Solid product packaging |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2043918B9 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2009543734A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101484361B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE500146T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2006346053B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0621855B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2655847C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602006020506D1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2008016157A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008008061A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5568225B2 (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2014-08-06 | 三井化学株式会社 | paint |
| WO2013124809A2 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-08-29 | Flatev Ag | Flatbread machine with an automatic flatbread preparation method based on dough capsules and a packaging system |
| WO2015078484A1 (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-06-04 | Ecolab Inc. | Product packaging for a solid product block |
| WO2019013618A1 (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | Investoros B.V. | Prefilled single portion pack |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2920417A (en) * | 1958-01-22 | 1960-01-12 | Sylvia T Wertheimer | Detergent-solution dispensing container |
| USRE32763E (en) * | 1978-02-07 | 1988-10-11 | Ecolab Inc. | Cast detergent-containing article and method of making and using |
| CA1311593C (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1992-12-22 | Randal M. Koteles | Packaging material for long-term storage of shelf stable food products |
| JP3025175B2 (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 2000-03-27 | 丸三食品株式会社 | Seasoning liquid container |
| DE29618751U1 (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 1997-02-06 | Pickerd Gmbh & Co H | Sales pack for food ingredients |
| JPH11171191A (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 1999-06-29 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Packaging container member |
| JP4264680B2 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2009-05-20 | 藤森工業株式会社 | High temperature food container |
| JP2003182716A (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-07-03 | Kakudai Seika Kk | Vessel for bite-sized food |
| JP2003321069A (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-11-11 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Packaging body for cherry |
| US20050276942A1 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-15 | Jitendra Somani | Packaging for freezer pops containing at least one active agent |
-
2006
- 2006-07-14 CN CN2006800552778A patent/CN101484361B/en active Active
- 2006-07-14 CA CA2655847A patent/CA2655847C/en active Active
- 2006-07-14 AT AT06787091T patent/ATE500146T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-07-14 AU AU2006346053A patent/AU2006346053B2/en active Active
- 2006-07-14 MX MX2008016157A patent/MX2008016157A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-07-14 WO PCT/US2006/027140 patent/WO2008008061A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-07-14 JP JP2009519419A patent/JP2009543734A/en active Pending
- 2006-07-14 DE DE602006020506T patent/DE602006020506D1/en active Active
- 2006-07-14 EP EP06787091A patent/EP2043918B9/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE500146T1 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
| EP2043918B9 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| CA2655847A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| WO2008008061A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| CN101484361A (en) | 2009-07-15 |
| EP2043918B1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
| BRPI0621855B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
| DE602006020506D1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| BRPI0621855A2 (en) | 2011-12-20 |
| JP2009543734A (en) | 2009-12-10 |
| AU2006346053B2 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
| AU2006346053A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| EP2043918A1 (en) | 2009-04-08 |
| CN101484361B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| MX2008016157A (en) | 2009-01-20 |
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