CA2627860C - Environmentally friendly solvent containing isoamyl lactate - Google Patents
Environmentally friendly solvent containing isoamyl lactate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2627860C CA2627860C CA2627860A CA2627860A CA2627860C CA 2627860 C CA2627860 C CA 2627860C CA 2627860 A CA2627860 A CA 2627860A CA 2627860 A CA2627860 A CA 2627860A CA 2627860 C CA2627860 C CA 2627860C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight percent
- ester
- isoamyl
- fatty acid
- solvent composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- CRORGGSWAKIXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)O CRORGGSWAKIXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 C22 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N (+)-α-limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XINCECQTMHSORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoamyl isovalerate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)CC(C)C XINCECQTMHSORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPXUHEORWJQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl isovalerate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)C PPXUHEORWJQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(C)=O MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PQLMXFQTAMDXIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCCC(C)C PQLMXFQTAMDXIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001133760 Acoelorraphe Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001089 [(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methanol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001760 fusel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1CCCO1 BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZKZHWAJZNZJAKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-3-methylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(Br)C(C)=CC2=C1 ZKZHWAJZNZJAKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000056139 Brassica cretica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003351 Brassica cretica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003343 Brassica rupestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000002795 Guizotia abyssinica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003239 Guizotia abyssinica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LSJMDWFAADPNAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isovaleriansaeure-propylester Natural products CCCOC(=O)CC(C)C LSJMDWFAADPNAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008753 Papaver somniferum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical compound CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117955 isoamyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940094941 isoamyl butyrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010460 mustard Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004492 methyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- AYWJSCLAAPJZEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl 3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C)C AYWJSCLAAPJZEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MRABAEUHTLLEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl lactate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)O MRABAEUHTLLEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001191 butyl (2R)-2-hydroxypropanoate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)O ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)CO QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N linoleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC)(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl adipate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ISCCFNAFOJQZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCC(C)COC(=O)C(C)O ISCCFNAFOJQZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- LSTDYDRCKUBPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmityl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(C)=O LSTDYDRCKUBPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- CUDYYMUUJHLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound COC(C)COC(C)CO CUDYYMUUJHLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- FSCIDASGDAWVED-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl hexanedioate;dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC FSCIDASGDAWVED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical class CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003903 lactic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005481 linolenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004919 nonoxynol-6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004918 nonoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940087419 nonoxynol-9 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010497 wheat germ oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/43—Solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
- C11D3/2034—Monohydric alcohols aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/24—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/266—Esters or carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
- C11D7/5004—Organic solvents
- C11D7/5022—Organic solvents containing oxygen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a biodegradable, environmentally friendly cleaning solvent composition comprising; (a) about 20 weight percent to about 99.9 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (b) about 0.1 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (c) 0 to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (d) 0 to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (e) 0 to about 50 weight percent organic solvent. The subject invention further relates to a household cleaning solvent that is comprised of isoamyl lactate and a small amount of a fragrance. The subject invention further relates to a solvent composition comprising: (a) about 10 to about 99.9 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (b) 0 to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (c) 0 to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (d) 0 to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (e) 0.1 to about 90 weight percent organic solvent. The present invention also relates to a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent of a fragrance.
Description
ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY SOLVENT
CONTAINING IISOAMYL LACTATE
INVENTOR
Joel Muse, Jr.
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a liquid solvent composition that is biodegradable and generally benign to human health. It is highly effective as a solvent for conducting a wide array of tasks. For instance, the solvent compositions of this invention can be utilized in paint removal, de-inking, degreasing, dry cleaning, and as a general surface cleaning agent that provides for a non-toxic, cost effective alternative to commonly used toxic solvents. This liquid solvent composition contains isoamyl lactate, optionally an ester of a fatty acid derived from an edible oil, optionally a biodegradable organic solvent, optionally a surfactant, optionally a thickener, optionally a fragrance, and optionally a colorant.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A solvent is a substance that is generally capable of dissolving another substance, or solute, to form a uniformly dispersed mixture (solution) at the molecular or ionic level. Solvents are either polar (high dielectric constant) or non-polar (low dielectric constant). Water, the most common solvent, is strongly polar having a dielectric constant of 81. Hydrocarbon solvents are non-polar and are comprised of two groups, aliphatics, such as alkanes and alcohols, and aromatics, which generally have a higher solvency power than aliphatics. Other organic solvent groups are esters, ethers, ketones, amines, nitrated hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons.
Organic solvents are commonly used in the dissolution of coatings (paints, varnishes, and laquers) and in extractive processes. Industrial and household cleaning products also normally contain one or more organic solvents, For instance, dry cleaning fluids and stain removers typically contain organic solvents. Organic solvents are also commonly used in making printing inks. Because many solvents are flammable and toxic to humans and animals, there is a need to develop safer solvents for commercial use without sacrificing performance characteristics. It is desirable for such solvents to be free of halogens and to be biodegradable.
For decades industrial and household cleaning products have been utilized as paint removers, dry cleaning fluids, spot removers, ink removers, degreasers, etc. Solvents are also used to clean, maintain, and prepare wood, metal, masonry, natural and synthetic fabrics, plastic components, and electronic components. Most of the solvents currently being used in these applications pose some degree of threat to human and animal health and to the environment. In fact, some solvent systems currently being used are toxic and potentially carcinogenic.
Although government, industry and the general public are relatively well informed with respect to the dangers of toxic solvents, this knowledge has not dramatically reduced their use. Safer handling, disposal, recycling, recovery and other responsible methods of dealing with toxic substances are improving. However, safer alternative solvents that are highly effective and that can be used without sacrificing performance characteristics are not typically available for many applications. This is because the majority of environmentally safer solvents do not provide satisfactory performance.
Environmentally friendly solvents also failed to come into wide spread use because of their higher cost.
An environmentally friendly solvent must meet several criteria to gain wide spread acceptance as an alternative to conventional solvent systems. It should provide effective performance. The environmentally friendly solvent should also be economically viable and affordable. Finally, it should be widely available and non-toxic to humans, plants and animals.
Many alternative solvents systems for various applications have been introduced over the course of the last few decades. However, these new solvents have not generally met all of the criteria stated above.
CONTAINING IISOAMYL LACTATE
INVENTOR
Joel Muse, Jr.
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a liquid solvent composition that is biodegradable and generally benign to human health. It is highly effective as a solvent for conducting a wide array of tasks. For instance, the solvent compositions of this invention can be utilized in paint removal, de-inking, degreasing, dry cleaning, and as a general surface cleaning agent that provides for a non-toxic, cost effective alternative to commonly used toxic solvents. This liquid solvent composition contains isoamyl lactate, optionally an ester of a fatty acid derived from an edible oil, optionally a biodegradable organic solvent, optionally a surfactant, optionally a thickener, optionally a fragrance, and optionally a colorant.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A solvent is a substance that is generally capable of dissolving another substance, or solute, to form a uniformly dispersed mixture (solution) at the molecular or ionic level. Solvents are either polar (high dielectric constant) or non-polar (low dielectric constant). Water, the most common solvent, is strongly polar having a dielectric constant of 81. Hydrocarbon solvents are non-polar and are comprised of two groups, aliphatics, such as alkanes and alcohols, and aromatics, which generally have a higher solvency power than aliphatics. Other organic solvent groups are esters, ethers, ketones, amines, nitrated hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons.
Organic solvents are commonly used in the dissolution of coatings (paints, varnishes, and laquers) and in extractive processes. Industrial and household cleaning products also normally contain one or more organic solvents, For instance, dry cleaning fluids and stain removers typically contain organic solvents. Organic solvents are also commonly used in making printing inks. Because many solvents are flammable and toxic to humans and animals, there is a need to develop safer solvents for commercial use without sacrificing performance characteristics. It is desirable for such solvents to be free of halogens and to be biodegradable.
For decades industrial and household cleaning products have been utilized as paint removers, dry cleaning fluids, spot removers, ink removers, degreasers, etc. Solvents are also used to clean, maintain, and prepare wood, metal, masonry, natural and synthetic fabrics, plastic components, and electronic components. Most of the solvents currently being used in these applications pose some degree of threat to human and animal health and to the environment. In fact, some solvent systems currently being used are toxic and potentially carcinogenic.
Although government, industry and the general public are relatively well informed with respect to the dangers of toxic solvents, this knowledge has not dramatically reduced their use. Safer handling, disposal, recycling, recovery and other responsible methods of dealing with toxic substances are improving. However, safer alternative solvents that are highly effective and that can be used without sacrificing performance characteristics are not typically available for many applications. This is because the majority of environmentally safer solvents do not provide satisfactory performance.
Environmentally friendly solvents also failed to come into wide spread use because of their higher cost.
An environmentally friendly solvent must meet several criteria to gain wide spread acceptance as an alternative to conventional solvent systems. It should provide effective performance. The environmentally friendly solvent should also be economically viable and affordable. Finally, it should be widely available and non-toxic to humans, plants and animals.
Many alternative solvents systems for various applications have been introduced over the course of the last few decades. However, these new solvents have not generally met all of the criteria stated above.
United States Patent 5,372,742 discloses a non-aqueous cleaning composition that can be used as a finger nail polish remover which contains d-limonene, ethyl lactate, cetyl acetate, and optionally, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.
United States Patent 6,096,699 discloses an environmentally friendly solvent that is reported to be useful as a paint stripping composition which contains (a) about 10 to about 15 weight percent of a Cl-C4 ester of a Cis-C20 fatty acid having a melting point of -10 C or less; (b) about 70 to about 75 weight percent of a C1-C4 ester of lactic acid; (c) about 4 to about 7 weight percent of a surfactant; and (d) about 4 to about 7 weight percent of a thickener, said composition being a homogeneous liquid or gel at 0 C and having a flash point in excess of 93 C.
United States Patent 6,797,684 discloses a biosolvent that is reported to have improved cleaning and solvating properties that contains 20 weight percent to 80 weight percent of a C1-C4 ester of lactic acid and about 20 weight percent to about 80 weight percent of d-limonene.
United States Patent 6,890,893 discloses a biosolvent that contains a C1-C4 lactate ester and an odor-reducing amount of a tertiary amine having a boiling point at one atmosphere of about 80 C to about 160 C, said composition (a) being substantially free of odor due to said tertiary amine as compared to the same composition without the tertiary amine, (b) exhibiting a reduced amount of odor due to said lactate ester, and (c) being a homogeneous liquid at 0 C.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention contemplates an environmentally friendly solvent. This solvent is biodegradable in normal sewerage treatment plants, and has a low volatile content so that it can be used indoors with minimal ventilation.
The subject invention more specifically discloses a solvent composition comprising: (A) about 20 weight percent to about 99.9 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (B) about 0.1 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 50 weight percent organic solvent. This solvent composition is typically a homogeneous liquid or gel at 0 C and has a closed cup flash point in excess of 60 C.
The present invention also reveals a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of a fragrance. The fragrance will typically be a pine scent, a mint scent, a citrus scent (such as lemon or lime), or some other pleasant smelling material. The subject invention further discloses a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) from about 0.5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant. The present invention also reveals a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) from about 0.5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of an organic solvent.
The present invention further discloses a solvent composition comprising: (a) about 10 to about 75 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of lactic acid; (b) about 10 to about 60 weight percent of a C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (c) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (d) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (e) 0 weight percent to about 50 weight percent organic solvent.
In one preferred embodiment, the solvent composition comprises: (A) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16 -C22 fatty acid; (B) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a surfactant;
(D) 0 weight percent to about 10 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 weight percent organic solvent. In the above embodiment, the weight percent of the isoamyl lactate is conveniently equal to the weight percent of the fatty acid ester, plus or minus about 10 weight percent. In another preferred embodiment, the composition comprises: (A) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C 15-C22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 5) weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 (preferably 0 to about 20) weight percent of an organic solvent.
In each of the embodiments of the invention, the particularly preferred C1 -C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is an ester of a mixture of oleic and linoleic acids. The methyl ester is a representative example of a preferred ester, and the fatty acid mixture is preferably that of soybean oil with methyl soyate being particularly preferred.
The present invention has several benefits and advantages. One benefit of the invention is that a contemplated composition is much safer than a halogenated organic solvent. A related advantage is that a contemplated composition can be used in occupied areas.
A benefit of a composition according to the present invention is that it has a closed cup flash point greater than about 60 C. An additional advantage of the present invention is that the cleaning solvent can be formulated to be partially miscible with water, and thus can be removed with water rinsing, including high pressure water. This rinsing factor can offer some industrial advantages that do not exist with traditional cleaning solvents.
Yet another benefit of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that it is biodegradable, non-toxic, and is derived from corn, soybeans, palm, and/or other vegetable oils which are, of course, renewable.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention contemplates an alternative solvent for a multitude of tasks that are commonly practiced today. Separately, isoamyl lactate based solvents, wholly or in combination with other solvents, thixotropic agents, surfactants, pH adjusters and fragrance can be prepared, In addition, C1-C5 esters of fatty acids derived from edible oils can be used in conjunction with isoamyl lactate in certain solvent and cleaning applications.
Isoamyl lactate is normally made by reacting isoamyl alcohol with ethyl lactate at a 1:1 molar ratio. This reaction is typically conducted in the presence of a strong acid or base to facilitate a transesterification reaction.
Alternatively, isamyl alcohol can be reacted with lactic acid in the presence of acid to facilitate a direct esterification reaction. In either case, for instance, the reaction can be catalyzed with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or trifluoroacetic acid.
It has been found that a small amount of a fragrance can be blended into isoamyl lactate to provide it with the pleasant scent needed in household cleaning applications as a stain or spot remover. In industrial applications a fragrance is not required, but it is desirable to include an emulsifier and/or an organic solvent in the solvent composition to enhance performance characteristics. In some household applications it is also desirable to include an emulsifier and/or an organic solvent in addition to the fragrance to attain the desired performance characteristics.
Since isoamyl lactate has a flash point in excess of 60 C it is not always necessary to add a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid to the solvent compositions of this invention to attain a minimum flash point. However, a C-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid can be added to further increase the flash point of the solvent system and/or to attain better performance characteristics.
Such a contemplated solvent composition broadly comprises a solvent blend of about 10 to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate and about 20 to about 75 weight percent C1-Cr, ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid, the latter fatty acid esters typically being a mixture of esters linoleic and oleic acid. This blended solvent can provide beneficial properties not achieved separately or in combination with other solvent blends.
Another contemplated solvent blend composition comprises (A) about 10 weight percent to about 60 weight percent C1-C$ ester of a Cog -C22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 75 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (D) weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 50 (preferably 0 to about 35 and more preferably 0 to about 20) weight percent of an organic solvent.
United States Patent 6,096,699 discloses an environmentally friendly solvent that is reported to be useful as a paint stripping composition which contains (a) about 10 to about 15 weight percent of a Cl-C4 ester of a Cis-C20 fatty acid having a melting point of -10 C or less; (b) about 70 to about 75 weight percent of a C1-C4 ester of lactic acid; (c) about 4 to about 7 weight percent of a surfactant; and (d) about 4 to about 7 weight percent of a thickener, said composition being a homogeneous liquid or gel at 0 C and having a flash point in excess of 93 C.
United States Patent 6,797,684 discloses a biosolvent that is reported to have improved cleaning and solvating properties that contains 20 weight percent to 80 weight percent of a C1-C4 ester of lactic acid and about 20 weight percent to about 80 weight percent of d-limonene.
United States Patent 6,890,893 discloses a biosolvent that contains a C1-C4 lactate ester and an odor-reducing amount of a tertiary amine having a boiling point at one atmosphere of about 80 C to about 160 C, said composition (a) being substantially free of odor due to said tertiary amine as compared to the same composition without the tertiary amine, (b) exhibiting a reduced amount of odor due to said lactate ester, and (c) being a homogeneous liquid at 0 C.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention contemplates an environmentally friendly solvent. This solvent is biodegradable in normal sewerage treatment plants, and has a low volatile content so that it can be used indoors with minimal ventilation.
The subject invention more specifically discloses a solvent composition comprising: (A) about 20 weight percent to about 99.9 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (B) about 0.1 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 50 weight percent organic solvent. This solvent composition is typically a homogeneous liquid or gel at 0 C and has a closed cup flash point in excess of 60 C.
The present invention also reveals a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of a fragrance. The fragrance will typically be a pine scent, a mint scent, a citrus scent (such as lemon or lime), or some other pleasant smelling material. The subject invention further discloses a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) from about 0.5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant. The present invention also reveals a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) from about 0.5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of an organic solvent.
The present invention further discloses a solvent composition comprising: (a) about 10 to about 75 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of lactic acid; (b) about 10 to about 60 weight percent of a C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (c) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (d) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (e) 0 weight percent to about 50 weight percent organic solvent.
In one preferred embodiment, the solvent composition comprises: (A) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16 -C22 fatty acid; (B) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a surfactant;
(D) 0 weight percent to about 10 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 weight percent organic solvent. In the above embodiment, the weight percent of the isoamyl lactate is conveniently equal to the weight percent of the fatty acid ester, plus or minus about 10 weight percent. In another preferred embodiment, the composition comprises: (A) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C 15-C22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 5) weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 (preferably 0 to about 20) weight percent of an organic solvent.
In each of the embodiments of the invention, the particularly preferred C1 -C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is an ester of a mixture of oleic and linoleic acids. The methyl ester is a representative example of a preferred ester, and the fatty acid mixture is preferably that of soybean oil with methyl soyate being particularly preferred.
The present invention has several benefits and advantages. One benefit of the invention is that a contemplated composition is much safer than a halogenated organic solvent. A related advantage is that a contemplated composition can be used in occupied areas.
A benefit of a composition according to the present invention is that it has a closed cup flash point greater than about 60 C. An additional advantage of the present invention is that the cleaning solvent can be formulated to be partially miscible with water, and thus can be removed with water rinsing, including high pressure water. This rinsing factor can offer some industrial advantages that do not exist with traditional cleaning solvents.
Yet another benefit of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that it is biodegradable, non-toxic, and is derived from corn, soybeans, palm, and/or other vegetable oils which are, of course, renewable.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention contemplates an alternative solvent for a multitude of tasks that are commonly practiced today. Separately, isoamyl lactate based solvents, wholly or in combination with other solvents, thixotropic agents, surfactants, pH adjusters and fragrance can be prepared, In addition, C1-C5 esters of fatty acids derived from edible oils can be used in conjunction with isoamyl lactate in certain solvent and cleaning applications.
Isoamyl lactate is normally made by reacting isoamyl alcohol with ethyl lactate at a 1:1 molar ratio. This reaction is typically conducted in the presence of a strong acid or base to facilitate a transesterification reaction.
Alternatively, isamyl alcohol can be reacted with lactic acid in the presence of acid to facilitate a direct esterification reaction. In either case, for instance, the reaction can be catalyzed with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or trifluoroacetic acid.
It has been found that a small amount of a fragrance can be blended into isoamyl lactate to provide it with the pleasant scent needed in household cleaning applications as a stain or spot remover. In industrial applications a fragrance is not required, but it is desirable to include an emulsifier and/or an organic solvent in the solvent composition to enhance performance characteristics. In some household applications it is also desirable to include an emulsifier and/or an organic solvent in addition to the fragrance to attain the desired performance characteristics.
Since isoamyl lactate has a flash point in excess of 60 C it is not always necessary to add a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid to the solvent compositions of this invention to attain a minimum flash point. However, a C-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid can be added to further increase the flash point of the solvent system and/or to attain better performance characteristics.
Such a contemplated solvent composition broadly comprises a solvent blend of about 10 to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate and about 20 to about 75 weight percent C1-Cr, ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid, the latter fatty acid esters typically being a mixture of esters linoleic and oleic acid. This blended solvent can provide beneficial properties not achieved separately or in combination with other solvent blends.
Another contemplated solvent blend composition comprises (A) about 10 weight percent to about 60 weight percent C1-C$ ester of a Cog -C22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 75 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (D) weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 50 (preferably 0 to about 35 and more preferably 0 to about 20) weight percent of an organic solvent.
The composition can be a homogeneous liquid or gel at 0 C and has a closed cup flash point in excess of 60 C, and preferably in excess of 70 C.
One preferred composition comprises (A) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (B) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a surfactant; and (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of an organic solvent. The weight percent of the isomayl lactate can be equal to the weight percent of the fatty acid ester, for instance plus or minus about 10 percent.
Another preferred composition comprises (A) about 20 to about 40 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a surfactant; and (D) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 weight percent of an organic solvent.
The above preferred embodiment compositions are homogeneous liquids or gels at 0 C and have a closed cup flash point in excess of 60 C
(139 F.) [ASTM D93-90], preferably in excess of 70 C. A contemplated CI-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is an ester of a fatty acid derived (hydrolyzed) from a so-called "edible" vegetable oil. Vegetable oils are comprised of fatty acid triglyceride esters. Hydrolysis of the vegetable oil esters frees the fatty acids, from which the C1-C5 esters are made. Preferred edible vegetable oils include, without limitation, corn, mustard, palm, niger-seed, olive, peanut, poppy-seed, safflower, rape-seed, sesame, soybean, sunflower-seed, coconut, wheat-germ oil, and mixtures thereof. In some cases it is desirable for the C1-C5 ester of the C16-C22 fatty acid to have a melting point of -10 C
or less.
Commercial sources of isoamyl alcohol derived from fusel oil also contain 2-methyl-l-butanol. This mixture is sometimes referred to as "single peak isoamyl alcohol" because the isoamyl alcohol (3-m ethyl- 1 -butanol) and the 2-methyl-l-butanol have boiling points that only differ by 4 C. More specifically, isoamyl alcohol has a boiling point of 132 C and 2-methyl-1-butanol has a boiling point of 128 C. In such mixtures the ratio of isoamyl alcohol to 2-methyl-1 -butanol is normally about 4:1. Such mixtures of isoamyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1-butanol can be used as the alcohol source for the isoamyl lactate that is employed in the practice of this invention.
Accordingly, the isoamyl lactate utilized in the practice of this invention can also contain 2-methyl-l-butyl lactate. Such compositions will normally contain about 80 weight percent isoamyl lactate and about 20 weight percent 2-methyl-1-butyl lactate.
The C16-C22 fatty acid is typically comprised of a mixture whose fatty acids are constituted by about 50 to about 90 percent unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, erucic and linolenic acids. Fatty acid esters derived from edible vegetable oils containing a mixture of about 50 to about 90 weight percent oleic and linoleic acids are more preferred. In many cases it is preferred for the C16-C22 fatty acid mixture to contain from about 70 to about 90 percent unsaturated fatty acids, However, in some applications (for instance, where discoloration and/or odor generation are problematic) it can be desirable for the mixture to contain less than 50 percent unsaturated fatty acids and to contain up to about 80 weight percent saturated fatty acids.
Soybean oil, which is comprised principally of oleic and linoleic acids is the source of the preferred C16-C22 fatty acid. A methyl (Cl) ester is the preferred Cl-C5 group. A particularly preferred contemplated C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is methyl soyate. In some cases it is preferred for the C1-C5 group to be an isoamyl group (C5), In one embodiment of this invention a C1-C4 ester of lactic acid is used in the solvent composition in conjunction with the isoamyl lactate. In such cases the C1-C4 ester of lactic acid will preferably be ethyl lactate.
Exemplary C1-C4 alcohols that can comprise the C1-C4 ester portion of a lactate ester or of a C16-C22 fatty acid ester include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, allyl alcohol, butanol, 3-buten-1-ol, t-butanol, iso-butanol, and sec-butanol.
One preferred composition comprises (A) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (B) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a surfactant; and (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of an organic solvent. The weight percent of the isomayl lactate can be equal to the weight percent of the fatty acid ester, for instance plus or minus about 10 percent.
Another preferred composition comprises (A) about 20 to about 40 weight percent of a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a surfactant; and (D) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 weight percent of an organic solvent.
The above preferred embodiment compositions are homogeneous liquids or gels at 0 C and have a closed cup flash point in excess of 60 C
(139 F.) [ASTM D93-90], preferably in excess of 70 C. A contemplated CI-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is an ester of a fatty acid derived (hydrolyzed) from a so-called "edible" vegetable oil. Vegetable oils are comprised of fatty acid triglyceride esters. Hydrolysis of the vegetable oil esters frees the fatty acids, from which the C1-C5 esters are made. Preferred edible vegetable oils include, without limitation, corn, mustard, palm, niger-seed, olive, peanut, poppy-seed, safflower, rape-seed, sesame, soybean, sunflower-seed, coconut, wheat-germ oil, and mixtures thereof. In some cases it is desirable for the C1-C5 ester of the C16-C22 fatty acid to have a melting point of -10 C
or less.
Commercial sources of isoamyl alcohol derived from fusel oil also contain 2-methyl-l-butanol. This mixture is sometimes referred to as "single peak isoamyl alcohol" because the isoamyl alcohol (3-m ethyl- 1 -butanol) and the 2-methyl-l-butanol have boiling points that only differ by 4 C. More specifically, isoamyl alcohol has a boiling point of 132 C and 2-methyl-1-butanol has a boiling point of 128 C. In such mixtures the ratio of isoamyl alcohol to 2-methyl-1 -butanol is normally about 4:1. Such mixtures of isoamyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1-butanol can be used as the alcohol source for the isoamyl lactate that is employed in the practice of this invention.
Accordingly, the isoamyl lactate utilized in the practice of this invention can also contain 2-methyl-l-butyl lactate. Such compositions will normally contain about 80 weight percent isoamyl lactate and about 20 weight percent 2-methyl-1-butyl lactate.
The C16-C22 fatty acid is typically comprised of a mixture whose fatty acids are constituted by about 50 to about 90 percent unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, erucic and linolenic acids. Fatty acid esters derived from edible vegetable oils containing a mixture of about 50 to about 90 weight percent oleic and linoleic acids are more preferred. In many cases it is preferred for the C16-C22 fatty acid mixture to contain from about 70 to about 90 percent unsaturated fatty acids, However, in some applications (for instance, where discoloration and/or odor generation are problematic) it can be desirable for the mixture to contain less than 50 percent unsaturated fatty acids and to contain up to about 80 weight percent saturated fatty acids.
Soybean oil, which is comprised principally of oleic and linoleic acids is the source of the preferred C16-C22 fatty acid. A methyl (Cl) ester is the preferred Cl-C5 group. A particularly preferred contemplated C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is methyl soyate. In some cases it is preferred for the C1-C5 group to be an isoamyl group (C5), In one embodiment of this invention a C1-C4 ester of lactic acid is used in the solvent composition in conjunction with the isoamyl lactate. In such cases the C1-C4 ester of lactic acid will preferably be ethyl lactate.
Exemplary C1-C4 alcohols that can comprise the C1-C4 ester portion of a lactate ester or of a C16-C22 fatty acid ester include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, allyl alcohol, butanol, 3-buten-1-ol, t-butanol, iso-butanol, and sec-butanol.
In some contemplated embodiments, the C1-C4 ester of a C16-C20 fatty acid is present at about 10 to about 60 weight percent and the isoamyl lactate is present at about 20 to about 75 weight percent. In preferred embodiments, each of these two ingredients is present at about 30 to about 60 weight percent.
A contemplated composition can also contain up to about 50 weight percent of an organic solvent. A contemplated solvent is biodegradable and can be illustrated by a solvent including but not limited to mixed methyl esters of C4-C6 dibasic acids, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), d-limonene, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) and di-C2-C3 alkylene glycol mono and di-C1-C6 alkyl ethers such as dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether (DPNB), dipropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol t-butyl methyl ether and diethylene glycol butyl ether. Preferably, the organic solvent is a C1-C5 ester of a C3-C10 dicarboxylic acid, as discussed below. Other representative examples of specific organic solvents that can be used include phenol, cresols, catechol, resorcinol, salicylic acid, methylene chloride, perchioroethylene, formic acid, acetic acid, proprionic acid, lactic acid, monoglycerides of C10-C22 fatty acids, and alkyl esters including, but not limited to, ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl benzoate, propyl acetate, propyl proprionate, propyl butyrate, propyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl proprionate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isovalerate, and esters of fusel oil, including acetates, proprionates, butyrates, lactates, and isovalerates. A contemplated organic solvent is free of halogens. The organic solvent plays a role as a useful bridging solvent, helping to maintain a homogeneous solution and helping to dissolve assorted components.
For use as an organic solvent with the invention, mixed methyl esters of C3-C10 dibasic acids include C4-C6 dibasic acid esters that are commercially available from DuPont Nylon Intermediates and Specialties, Wilmington, DE
under the designation DBE. Seven DBE fractions are available that differ in the amounts of each of three diesters (dimethyl adipate [C6] dimethyl glutarate [C5] and dimethyl succinate [C4]) present. Each of the products is useful, with the material sold as DBE-3 being preferred. That material is said by its manufacturer to contain 89 weight percent dimethyl adipate, 10 weight percent dimethyl glutarate and 0.2 weight percent dimethyl succinate.
A contemplated composition can also contain up to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant. Lesser amounts of surfactant than the full 20 weight percent are typically present when a surfactant is utilized, as is illustrated by the above-enumerated preferred embodiments and the examples that follow.
Surfactants that can be used in the solvent systems of this invention are named herein following the nomenclature system of the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 5th ed., J. A. Wenninger et al. eds., The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Washington, D.C. (1993), usually followed by a chemical name and a trademark name of a particular product. Exemplary surfactants are isotridecyl alcohol tri-ethoxylate (Surfonic TDA-3B, Huntsman Corp.), C9-C11 pareth-6 [polyethylene glycol ether of mixed synthetic C9-C11 fatty alcohols having an average of 6 moles of ethoxylate; Neodo 91.6], C11-C15 pareth-59 [polyethylene glycol ether of mixed synthetic C11-C15 fatty alcohols having an average of 59 moles of ethoxylate; Tergitol 15-5-59], nonoxynol-6 [polyethylene glycol (6) nonyiphenyl ether; Tergitol NP-6], nonoxynol-9 [polyethylene glycol (9) nonylphenyl ether; Tergitol NP-9], and a modified alkanolamide alkanolamine [Monamine 1255].
Surfactants containing aromatic groups, such as nonyiphenyl groups, are less preferred because they are not as biodegradable as the others.
Preferred surfactants are branched and linear alcohol ethoxylates. Most preferred surfactants are alcohol ethoxylates. The addition of a surfactant to a composition comprising a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is preferred. The addition of a surfactant typically makes the cleaner more effective.
A contemplated solvent composition can also include a thickener that provides a "gel-like" consistency to the composition to minimize drip and running of the composition when applied to surfaces that are not horizontal, such as walls. Such a thickened consistency can also be useful in an application to a horizontal surface. It is unknown whether a contemplated thickened composition is technically a gel, but that term is used herein to mean a non-solid composition at room temperature that is spreadable, but non-pourable or essentially non-pourable at room temperature.
Preferred thickeners are polysaccharide derivatives having nonionic functionalities such as alkyl alcohol or ether groups. Exemplary thickeners include methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, corn starch, hydroxyethyl corn starch, and hydroxypropyl corn starch. Exemplary preferred thickeners include Propylene Glycol Thickener Klucel -H and Baragel Methocel 311.
Contemplated compositions are partially miscible with water, unlike many petrochemical-based cleaning solvents. Water miscibility is advantageous, because it is easier to handle the cleaning solutions, dispose of them, dilute them and rinse them off of components. A biodegradable solution of the invention can be degraded in standard sewerage treatment plants, as opposed to special chemical waste handling procedures.
A contemplated composition is substantially free of added water. Thus, although some water can be present as a result of being an impurity of a constituent, water is typically not added to a composition, and a composition typically contains 5 weight percent water or less. The weight percent of the compositions described herein refers to the weight percent of the organic phase, and does not include the mass of any added water. A contemplated composition is also substantially free of halogenated compounds so that only contaminating amounts of such materials are present. However, in other contemplated formulations, such as paint removers, halogenated compounds can be included in the solvent composition. For instance, such a paint remover composition can contain isoamyl lactate, phenol, methylene chloride, and formic acid, lactic acid or salicylic acid.
In another contemplated embodiment of this invention the solvent composition is emulsified and mixed with up about 95 weight percent water.
For instance, a concentrate of the solvent composition can be admixed with water and emulsified prior to use.
A contemplated composition can also contain up to about 50 weight percent of an organic solvent. A contemplated solvent is biodegradable and can be illustrated by a solvent including but not limited to mixed methyl esters of C4-C6 dibasic acids, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), d-limonene, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) and di-C2-C3 alkylene glycol mono and di-C1-C6 alkyl ethers such as dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether (DPNB), dipropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol t-butyl methyl ether and diethylene glycol butyl ether. Preferably, the organic solvent is a C1-C5 ester of a C3-C10 dicarboxylic acid, as discussed below. Other representative examples of specific organic solvents that can be used include phenol, cresols, catechol, resorcinol, salicylic acid, methylene chloride, perchioroethylene, formic acid, acetic acid, proprionic acid, lactic acid, monoglycerides of C10-C22 fatty acids, and alkyl esters including, but not limited to, ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl benzoate, propyl acetate, propyl proprionate, propyl butyrate, propyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl proprionate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isovalerate, and esters of fusel oil, including acetates, proprionates, butyrates, lactates, and isovalerates. A contemplated organic solvent is free of halogens. The organic solvent plays a role as a useful bridging solvent, helping to maintain a homogeneous solution and helping to dissolve assorted components.
For use as an organic solvent with the invention, mixed methyl esters of C3-C10 dibasic acids include C4-C6 dibasic acid esters that are commercially available from DuPont Nylon Intermediates and Specialties, Wilmington, DE
under the designation DBE. Seven DBE fractions are available that differ in the amounts of each of three diesters (dimethyl adipate [C6] dimethyl glutarate [C5] and dimethyl succinate [C4]) present. Each of the products is useful, with the material sold as DBE-3 being preferred. That material is said by its manufacturer to contain 89 weight percent dimethyl adipate, 10 weight percent dimethyl glutarate and 0.2 weight percent dimethyl succinate.
A contemplated composition can also contain up to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant. Lesser amounts of surfactant than the full 20 weight percent are typically present when a surfactant is utilized, as is illustrated by the above-enumerated preferred embodiments and the examples that follow.
Surfactants that can be used in the solvent systems of this invention are named herein following the nomenclature system of the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 5th ed., J. A. Wenninger et al. eds., The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Washington, D.C. (1993), usually followed by a chemical name and a trademark name of a particular product. Exemplary surfactants are isotridecyl alcohol tri-ethoxylate (Surfonic TDA-3B, Huntsman Corp.), C9-C11 pareth-6 [polyethylene glycol ether of mixed synthetic C9-C11 fatty alcohols having an average of 6 moles of ethoxylate; Neodo 91.6], C11-C15 pareth-59 [polyethylene glycol ether of mixed synthetic C11-C15 fatty alcohols having an average of 59 moles of ethoxylate; Tergitol 15-5-59], nonoxynol-6 [polyethylene glycol (6) nonyiphenyl ether; Tergitol NP-6], nonoxynol-9 [polyethylene glycol (9) nonylphenyl ether; Tergitol NP-9], and a modified alkanolamide alkanolamine [Monamine 1255].
Surfactants containing aromatic groups, such as nonyiphenyl groups, are less preferred because they are not as biodegradable as the others.
Preferred surfactants are branched and linear alcohol ethoxylates. Most preferred surfactants are alcohol ethoxylates. The addition of a surfactant to a composition comprising a C1-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is preferred. The addition of a surfactant typically makes the cleaner more effective.
A contemplated solvent composition can also include a thickener that provides a "gel-like" consistency to the composition to minimize drip and running of the composition when applied to surfaces that are not horizontal, such as walls. Such a thickened consistency can also be useful in an application to a horizontal surface. It is unknown whether a contemplated thickened composition is technically a gel, but that term is used herein to mean a non-solid composition at room temperature that is spreadable, but non-pourable or essentially non-pourable at room temperature.
Preferred thickeners are polysaccharide derivatives having nonionic functionalities such as alkyl alcohol or ether groups. Exemplary thickeners include methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, corn starch, hydroxyethyl corn starch, and hydroxypropyl corn starch. Exemplary preferred thickeners include Propylene Glycol Thickener Klucel -H and Baragel Methocel 311.
Contemplated compositions are partially miscible with water, unlike many petrochemical-based cleaning solvents. Water miscibility is advantageous, because it is easier to handle the cleaning solutions, dispose of them, dilute them and rinse them off of components. A biodegradable solution of the invention can be degraded in standard sewerage treatment plants, as opposed to special chemical waste handling procedures.
A contemplated composition is substantially free of added water. Thus, although some water can be present as a result of being an impurity of a constituent, water is typically not added to a composition, and a composition typically contains 5 weight percent water or less. The weight percent of the compositions described herein refers to the weight percent of the organic phase, and does not include the mass of any added water. A contemplated composition is also substantially free of halogenated compounds so that only contaminating amounts of such materials are present. However, in other contemplated formulations, such as paint removers, halogenated compounds can be included in the solvent composition. For instance, such a paint remover composition can contain isoamyl lactate, phenol, methylene chloride, and formic acid, lactic acid or salicylic acid.
In another contemplated embodiment of this invention the solvent composition is emulsified and mixed with up about 95 weight percent water.
For instance, a concentrate of the solvent composition can be admixed with water and emulsified prior to use.
Claims (10)
1. A solvent composition comprising: (a) 20 to 99.9 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (b) 0.1 to 60 weight percent of a Cl-C5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid; (c) 0 to 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (d) 0 to 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (e) 0 to 50 weight percent of an organic solvent.
2. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein said Cl-C5 ester of a C22 fatty acid is present at a level which is within the range of 30 weight percent to 60 weight percent.
3. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein said isoamyl lactate is present at a level which is within the range of 30 weight percent to 60 weight percent.
4. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein said fatty acid Cl-C5 ester is a methyl ester.
5. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein said fatty acid methyl ester is a methyl ester derived from at least one edible oil selected from the group consisting of corn, mustard, niger-seed, olive, peanut, poppy-seed, rape-seed, safflower, sesame, soybean, palm, sunflower-seed and wheat-germ.
6. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein the organic solvent is at least one member selected from the group consisting of phenol, cresols, catechol, resorcinol, methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, formic acid, acetic acid, proprionic acid, monoglycerides of C10-C22 fatty acids, ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl benzoate, propyl acetate, propyl proprionate, propyl butyrate, propyl isovalerate, butyl acetate, butyl propionate, butyl butyrate, butyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl proprionate, normal-amyl proprionate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isovalerate, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl lactate, propyl lactate, butyl lactate, mixed methyl esters of C3-C10 dibasic acids, N-methylpyrrolidone, d-limonene, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and a di-C2-C3 alkylene glycol mono and di-Cl-C6 alkyl ether.
7. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein the C1-C5 ester of the C16-C22 fatty acid is an isoamyl ester.
8. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein said C1-C5 ester of a C22 fatty acid is comprised of a mixture of C1-C5 esters of fatty acids containing 70 to 90 percent unsaturated fatty acid esters.
9. The solvent composition according to claim 1 wherein the organic solvent is a mixture of esters of fusel oil.
10. A method for cleaning a substrate which comprises exposing the substrate to the solvent composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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US75519105P | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | |
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US75934606P | 2006-01-17 | 2006-01-17 | |
US60/759,346 | 2006-01-17 | ||
PCT/US2007/060017 WO2007079465A2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2007-01-02 | Environmentally friendly solvent containing isoamyl lactate |
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CA2627860A1 CA2627860A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
CA2627860C true CA2627860C (en) | 2012-04-24 |
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EP (1) | EP1969113B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE486118T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2627860C (en) |
DE (1) | DE602007010090D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007079465A2 (en) |
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EP2387886B1 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2016-01-06 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Biocide compositions comprising isoamyl lactate |
EP2446743B1 (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2014-06-04 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Biocide compositions comprising esters of ethoxylated alcohols |
IT202100032414A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-23 | Andrea Macchia | GREEN CLEANING COMPOSITION FOR THE REMOVAL OF AGED PAINTS FROM POLYCHROME WORKS OF HISTORICAL AND ARTISTIC INTEREST. |
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TW305869B (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 1997-05-21 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | |
US6043005A (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 2000-03-28 | Haq; Noor | Polymer remover/photoresist stripper |
-
2007
- 2007-01-02 EP EP07717696A patent/EP1969113B1/en active Active
- 2007-01-02 AT AT07717696T patent/ATE486118T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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WO2007079465A2 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
EP1969113A2 (en) | 2008-09-17 |
WO2007079465A3 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
CA2627860A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
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