CA2590861A1 - Lubricating grease composition - Google Patents
Lubricating grease composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2590861A1 CA2590861A1 CA002590861A CA2590861A CA2590861A1 CA 2590861 A1 CA2590861 A1 CA 2590861A1 CA 002590861 A CA002590861 A CA 002590861A CA 2590861 A CA2590861 A CA 2590861A CA 2590861 A1 CA2590861 A1 CA 2590861A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating grease
- grease composition
- fretting
- use according
- aliphatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrazinane-3,6-dione Chemical class O=C1NNC(=O)NN1 XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000743 hydrocarbylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 49
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 44
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 12
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 8
- AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)N=C=O)=C1 AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005059 1,4-Cyclohexyldiisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JRQLZCFSWYQHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dichloro-2-cyclohexyl-1,2-thiazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C(Cl)=C(Cl)SN1C1CCCCC1 JRQLZCFSWYQHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 6
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-phenylamine Natural products CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC1CCCC(CN=C=O)C1 XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamyl alcohol Chemical compound OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXVWTOBHDDIASC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylethene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)=C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 TXVWTOBHDDIASC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diaminooctane Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCN PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SSC1=CC=CC=C1 GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CSSCC1=CC=CC=C1 GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JUQMLSGOTNKJKI-IZUQBHJASA-N (1s,4r)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-4-ium-1-carbonyl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C[NH+](C)CCN1C(=O)C1C(C([O-])=O)[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1O2 JUQMLSGOTNKJKI-IZUQBHJASA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZTNJGMFHJYGMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatoethane Chemical compound O=C=NCCN=C=O ZTNJGMFHJYGMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IHBLBMDDUQOYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octadecyl-3-[4-[[4-(octadecylcarbamoylamino)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(NC(=O)NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C=C1 IHBLBMDDUQOYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YLHTWBSSXRGRNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylpentadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(CC)C(O)=O YLHTWBSSXRGRNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVAKNQLSBYBCSZ-VAWYXSNFSA-N 2-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC\C=C(/C)C(O)=O JVAKNQLSBYBCSZ-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWCZFWIRIAYLHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C(O)=O BWCZFWIRIAYLHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXBXVVIUZANZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2E-decenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O WXBXVVIUZANZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Phenyl-1-propanol Chemical compound OCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NEHDRDVHPTWWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioctyl hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC NEHDRDVHPTWWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1O CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-3-morpholin-4-ylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical class [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN1CCOCC1 WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXBXVVIUZANZAU-CMDGGOBGSA-N trans-2-decenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC\C=C\C(O)=O WXBXVVIUZANZAU-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWPOSDLLFZKGOW-AATRIKPKSA-N trans-beta-octenoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\CC(O)=O IWPOSDLLFZKGOW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- MBBWTVUFIXOUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dicarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NC([S-])=S.NC([S-])=S MBBWTVUFIXOUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IAHFGNCAVDJXBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxaldehydate Chemical class [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=O.[O-]C(=O)C=O IAHFGNCAVDJXBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
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- C10M123/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M113/00 - C10M121/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular compound
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- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10M2207/1216—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms used as thickening agent
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- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Use of a lubricating grease composition comprising: (D) base oil selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil or mixtures thereof; (E) one or more urea compounds; and (F) one or more metal salts of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof, in order to reduce fretting corrosion.
Description
LUBRICATING GREASE COMPOSITION
The present invention relates to a lubricating grease composition with improved fretting characteristics.
Fretting corrosion in grease lubrication differs from general chemical corrosive abrasion. It is a species of the mechanical abrasion phenomenon. Various studies of lubricating agents have been made in order to constrain or prevent it.
In general, the places where fretting corrosion is liable to occur are many and various. It occurs not only in the wheel bearing area in cars but also in various areas of machines where two bodies such as splines, couplings, leaf springs and bearings are in contact and are subject to minute vibrations or sliding relative to each other.
Fretting refers to the case where microvibrations or microscopic sliding occur between two bodies opposed to each other, and the abrasion dust generated by the microvibrations between steel and steel turns, in the atmosphere, into a fine, brown iron oxide powder which then mixes with the grease, so that the grease turns a brown colour. The abrasion generated by these relative microvibrations is called fretting or microvibration abrasion and, because it is accompanied by oxidation in the atmosphere, it may be called fretting corrosion.
Although fretting corrosion itself has a small detrimental effect directly on bearing performance, it is known to promote abrasion on the rolling-contact surfaces and raceway surfaces when abrasion dust enters the bearing and so to be a cause of noise.
Laid-open Japanese Patent Application 2003-231893 describes a grease composition which has excellent low-torque performance, anti-fretting performance and low out-gas performance, being a grease composition containing an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt of a higher fatty acid as a thickening agent, two types of carbonic acid ester compounds having different kinematic viscosities, and a metal salt of an organic sulphonic acid where the metal salt is from an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or zinc.
Laid-open Japanese Patent Application 2002-265970 describes a grease composition capable of improving acoustic performance and anti-fretting performance of ball bearings simultaneously, being a grease composition comprised of a base oil and a thickening agent as the principal constituents, where the thickening agent is comprised of a mixture of a urea compound and a lithium soap.
EP-A-1314774 describes a lubricating grease composition for use in constant velocity joints (CVJs) which is said to have anti-flaking and anti-seizure properties.
Said lubricating grease composition comprises lubricant base oil, 0.01 to 10% by mass of a fatty acid salt, 0.01 to 10% by mass of carbonate; 2 to 30% by mass of a thickener; and 0.1 to 20% by mass of a sulphur type extreme-pressure agent.
The present invention relates to a lubricating grease composition with improved fretting characteristics.
Fretting corrosion in grease lubrication differs from general chemical corrosive abrasion. It is a species of the mechanical abrasion phenomenon. Various studies of lubricating agents have been made in order to constrain or prevent it.
In general, the places where fretting corrosion is liable to occur are many and various. It occurs not only in the wheel bearing area in cars but also in various areas of machines where two bodies such as splines, couplings, leaf springs and bearings are in contact and are subject to minute vibrations or sliding relative to each other.
Fretting refers to the case where microvibrations or microscopic sliding occur between two bodies opposed to each other, and the abrasion dust generated by the microvibrations between steel and steel turns, in the atmosphere, into a fine, brown iron oxide powder which then mixes with the grease, so that the grease turns a brown colour. The abrasion generated by these relative microvibrations is called fretting or microvibration abrasion and, because it is accompanied by oxidation in the atmosphere, it may be called fretting corrosion.
Although fretting corrosion itself has a small detrimental effect directly on bearing performance, it is known to promote abrasion on the rolling-contact surfaces and raceway surfaces when abrasion dust enters the bearing and so to be a cause of noise.
Laid-open Japanese Patent Application 2003-231893 describes a grease composition which has excellent low-torque performance, anti-fretting performance and low out-gas performance, being a grease composition containing an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt of a higher fatty acid as a thickening agent, two types of carbonic acid ester compounds having different kinematic viscosities, and a metal salt of an organic sulphonic acid where the metal salt is from an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or zinc.
Laid-open Japanese Patent Application 2002-265970 describes a grease composition capable of improving acoustic performance and anti-fretting performance of ball bearings simultaneously, being a grease composition comprised of a base oil and a thickening agent as the principal constituents, where the thickening agent is comprised of a mixture of a urea compound and a lithium soap.
EP-A-1314774 describes a lubricating grease composition for use in constant velocity joints (CVJs) which is said to have anti-flaking and anti-seizure properties.
Said lubricating grease composition comprises lubricant base oil, 0.01 to 10% by mass of a fatty acid salt, 0.01 to 10% by mass of carbonate; 2 to 30% by mass of a thickener; and 0.1 to 20% by mass of a sulphur type extreme-pressure agent.
EP-A-0767237 discloses a lubricating grease composition for a constant velocity joint containing a base oil, a thickener, boron nitride powders, and a sulphur-phosphorus containing extreme pressure agent.
EP-A-0767237 states that said lubricating grease composition exhibits superior anti-flaking performance and can prolong the lifetime of a constant velocity joint.
It is indicated in EP-A-0767237 that said lubricating grease composition may further comprise an organic compound such as zinc dithiophosphate, zinc salts of fatty acids and zinc naphthenate, in order to further improve the anti-flaking performance.
EP-A-0761806 describes a lubricating grease composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, a thickener selected from the group consisting of monoureas, diureas, triureas and polyureas, or mixtures thereof, and an oil soluble neutral or overbased zinc salt of a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of zinc salts of fatty acids, the zinc salts of hydrocarbyl-substituted salicyclic acids and zinc glyoxylates.
However, none of EP-A-1314774, EP-A-0767237 and EP-A-0761806 are concerned with improving fretting corrosion properties. In this regard, the skilled person would appreciate that fretting corrosion is a very different phenomena from CVJ flaking.
It is highly desirable to be able to offer lubricating grease compositions with advantageous anti-fretting characteristics.
EP-A-0767237 states that said lubricating grease composition exhibits superior anti-flaking performance and can prolong the lifetime of a constant velocity joint.
It is indicated in EP-A-0767237 that said lubricating grease composition may further comprise an organic compound such as zinc dithiophosphate, zinc salts of fatty acids and zinc naphthenate, in order to further improve the anti-flaking performance.
EP-A-0761806 describes a lubricating grease composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, a thickener selected from the group consisting of monoureas, diureas, triureas and polyureas, or mixtures thereof, and an oil soluble neutral or overbased zinc salt of a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of zinc salts of fatty acids, the zinc salts of hydrocarbyl-substituted salicyclic acids and zinc glyoxylates.
However, none of EP-A-1314774, EP-A-0767237 and EP-A-0761806 are concerned with improving fretting corrosion properties. In this regard, the skilled person would appreciate that fretting corrosion is a very different phenomena from CVJ flaking.
It is highly desirable to be able to offer lubricating grease compositions with advantageous anti-fretting characteristics.
In the present invention it has been surprising that specific lubricating grease compositions may be used in order to reduce fretting corrosion.
Accordingly, there is provided in the present invention the use of a lubricating grease composition comprising:
(A) base oil selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil, or mixtures thereof;
(B) one or more urea compounds; and (C) one or more metal salts of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof, in order to reduce fretting corrosion.
The base oil in the lubricating grease composition may be selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil or mixtures thereof. Synthetic oils are particularly preferred.
The mineral oils that may be conveniently used are the refined residues of lubricating oils obtained by vacuum distillation of atmospheric-pressure residual oils obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil, examples of which are paraffin oils, naphthene oils or normal paraffin.
Examples of synthetic oils that may be conveniently used include poly-a-olefins (PAOs), ether oils or ester oils. Base oils of the type manufactured by the hydroisomerisation of wax, such as those sold by the Shell group under the trade designation "XHVI" may also be used.
Poly-a-olefins include oligomers of alkenes such as decene, dodecene or 1-tetradecene, which oligomers comprise oligomer mixtures of di- to hexamers. PAOs may be conveniently selected according to viscosity and degree of polymerisation.
As ether oils, alkyldiphenyl ethers may be conveniently used. Said ethers are the addition reaction products of 1 mol ordinary diphenyl ether and from 1 to 3 mol of a-olefins having from 10 to 22 carbons. The characteristics of a-olefins differ according to the number of carbons and the mole numbers used, but they are generally colourless to transparent liquids, and are themselves known products. Specifically, it is possible to use those disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication 51-44263, Japanese Patent Publication 52-1722 and Japanese Patent Publication 52-24628.
Examples of alkyldiphenyl ether oils which are commercially available, include those available under the trade designations "Moresco Hilube LB-15", "Moresco Hilube LB-22", "Moresco Hilube LB-32", "Moresco Hilube LB-46", "Moresco Hilube LB-68" and "Moresco Hilube LB-100" from Matsumura Oil Research Corporation.
As ester oils, diester oils, triester oils and tetraester oils may be conveniently used.
The diester oils may be expressed by the general formula (1):
R1C7CO (-CH2-)nCOOR2 (1) wherein R1 and R2 denote aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 3 to 12.
Examples of ester oils that may be conveniently used include di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, di-2-ethylhexyl azelate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, di-n-octyl sebacate, di-n-octyl azelate and di-n-octyl adipate.
The triester oils may be expressed by the general formula (2):
RI-C (- CH2 - CC)t)R2)s (2) wherein R1 denotes a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbons and R2 denotes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms. It is particularly preferred if R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
For example, the triesters may be reaction products of fatty acids and trihydric alcohols such as trimethylolpropane and glycerine.
The tetraester oils may be expressed by the general formula (3):
C(- CH2--CO0 Rj)4 (3) wherein R1 denotes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms. It is particularly preferred if R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
For example, the tetraesters may be reaction products of fatty acids and tetrahydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol.
It is also possible to use mixtures of the above-mentioned mineral oils and synthetic oils as the base oil (A).
Accordingly, there is provided in the present invention the use of a lubricating grease composition comprising:
(A) base oil selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil, or mixtures thereof;
(B) one or more urea compounds; and (C) one or more metal salts of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof, in order to reduce fretting corrosion.
The base oil in the lubricating grease composition may be selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil or mixtures thereof. Synthetic oils are particularly preferred.
The mineral oils that may be conveniently used are the refined residues of lubricating oils obtained by vacuum distillation of atmospheric-pressure residual oils obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil, examples of which are paraffin oils, naphthene oils or normal paraffin.
Examples of synthetic oils that may be conveniently used include poly-a-olefins (PAOs), ether oils or ester oils. Base oils of the type manufactured by the hydroisomerisation of wax, such as those sold by the Shell group under the trade designation "XHVI" may also be used.
Poly-a-olefins include oligomers of alkenes such as decene, dodecene or 1-tetradecene, which oligomers comprise oligomer mixtures of di- to hexamers. PAOs may be conveniently selected according to viscosity and degree of polymerisation.
As ether oils, alkyldiphenyl ethers may be conveniently used. Said ethers are the addition reaction products of 1 mol ordinary diphenyl ether and from 1 to 3 mol of a-olefins having from 10 to 22 carbons. The characteristics of a-olefins differ according to the number of carbons and the mole numbers used, but they are generally colourless to transparent liquids, and are themselves known products. Specifically, it is possible to use those disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication 51-44263, Japanese Patent Publication 52-1722 and Japanese Patent Publication 52-24628.
Examples of alkyldiphenyl ether oils which are commercially available, include those available under the trade designations "Moresco Hilube LB-15", "Moresco Hilube LB-22", "Moresco Hilube LB-32", "Moresco Hilube LB-46", "Moresco Hilube LB-68" and "Moresco Hilube LB-100" from Matsumura Oil Research Corporation.
As ester oils, diester oils, triester oils and tetraester oils may be conveniently used.
The diester oils may be expressed by the general formula (1):
R1C7CO (-CH2-)nCOOR2 (1) wherein R1 and R2 denote aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 3 to 12.
Examples of ester oils that may be conveniently used include di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, di-2-ethylhexyl azelate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, di-n-octyl sebacate, di-n-octyl azelate and di-n-octyl adipate.
The triester oils may be expressed by the general formula (2):
RI-C (- CH2 - CC)t)R2)s (2) wherein R1 denotes a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbons and R2 denotes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms. It is particularly preferred if R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
For example, the triesters may be reaction products of fatty acids and trihydric alcohols such as trimethylolpropane and glycerine.
The tetraester oils may be expressed by the general formula (3):
C(- CH2--CO0 Rj)4 (3) wherein R1 denotes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms. It is particularly preferred if R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
For example, the tetraesters may be reaction products of fatty acids and tetrahydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol.
It is also possible to use mixtures of the above-mentioned mineral oils and synthetic oils as the base oil (A).
Because the kinematic viscosity of the base oil contributes to low-torque performance, it is preferable for the base oil (A) to have a kinematic viscosity in the range of from 10 to 40 mm2/s (40 C) .
The one or more urea compounds (B) in the lubricating grease composition may be conveniently chosen from the urea compounds used as thickening agents in typical lubricating grease compositions.
Preferred urea compounds are diurea compounds, triurea compounds and tetraurea compounds.
The diurea compounds are reaction products of diisocyanates and monoamines which may be aliphatic amines, alicyclic amines and/or aromatic amines.
Examples of the monoamines that may be conveniently used include octylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, oleylamine, aniline, p-toluidine, cyclohexylamine.
Further, examples of diisocyanates that may be conveniently used include aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates and aromatic diisocyanates: for example, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl-benzene), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6XDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,3,5'-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (IPDI), phenylene diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (m-TMXDI) and p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI). In particular, 4-4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI) and 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) are preferred.
The triurea compounds may be expressed by the general formula (4):
0 0 ~ 0 ? 11 R,O - C - \1H R,--N H-C-NH-R2-NH-C-NH-R, -NH- G-NHR, (4) wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups, and R3 and R4 denote hydrocarbyl groups.
These compounds are reaction products of 2 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diisocyanate, 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamine, 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine and 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic alcohol. They are obtained by mixing the aforementioned compounds in base oil so as to give the respective aforementioned proportions, and effecting the reaction. For example, they may be obtained by reacting 2 mol tolylene diisocyanate, 1 mol ethylene diisocyanate, 1 mol octadecylamine and 1 mol octadecyl alcohol in a base oil.
Examples of the aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diisocyanates that may be conveniently used include 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl-benzene), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6XDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,3,5'-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (IPDI), phenylene diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (m-TMXDI) and p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI). In particular, 4-4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI) and 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) are preferred.
Examples of monoamines that may be conveniently used include aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic monoamines.
Aliphatic monoamines are preferably saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amines with from 8 to 24 carbon atoms and may be used in branched or straight-chain forms, but straight-chain forms are particularly preferred.
Octylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, oleylamine, aniline, p-toluidine, cyclohexylamine are preferred.
Aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamines, aliphatic diamines that may be conveniently used are ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine and decamethylenediamine, alicyclic diamines such as diaminocycl,ohexane, and aromatic diamines such as phenylenediamine, benzidine, diaminostilbene and tolidine, which are all diamines with from 2 to 12 carbon atoms therein.
Examples of monoalcohols that may be conveniently used are aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic alcohols branched or straight-chain. Aliphatic alcohols, which are Ce to C24 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols may be conveniently used. Straight-chain forms are particularly preferred.
The one or more urea compounds (B) in the lubricating grease composition may be conveniently chosen from the urea compounds used as thickening agents in typical lubricating grease compositions.
Preferred urea compounds are diurea compounds, triurea compounds and tetraurea compounds.
The diurea compounds are reaction products of diisocyanates and monoamines which may be aliphatic amines, alicyclic amines and/or aromatic amines.
Examples of the monoamines that may be conveniently used include octylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, oleylamine, aniline, p-toluidine, cyclohexylamine.
Further, examples of diisocyanates that may be conveniently used include aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates and aromatic diisocyanates: for example, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl-benzene), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6XDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,3,5'-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (IPDI), phenylene diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (m-TMXDI) and p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI). In particular, 4-4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI) and 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) are preferred.
The triurea compounds may be expressed by the general formula (4):
0 0 ~ 0 ? 11 R,O - C - \1H R,--N H-C-NH-R2-NH-C-NH-R, -NH- G-NHR, (4) wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups, and R3 and R4 denote hydrocarbyl groups.
These compounds are reaction products of 2 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diisocyanate, 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamine, 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine and 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic alcohol. They are obtained by mixing the aforementioned compounds in base oil so as to give the respective aforementioned proportions, and effecting the reaction. For example, they may be obtained by reacting 2 mol tolylene diisocyanate, 1 mol ethylene diisocyanate, 1 mol octadecylamine and 1 mol octadecyl alcohol in a base oil.
Examples of the aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diisocyanates that may be conveniently used include 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl-benzene), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6XDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,3,5'-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (IPDI), phenylene diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (m-TMXDI) and p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI). In particular, 4-4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI) and 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) are preferred.
Examples of monoamines that may be conveniently used include aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic monoamines.
Aliphatic monoamines are preferably saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amines with from 8 to 24 carbon atoms and may be used in branched or straight-chain forms, but straight-chain forms are particularly preferred.
Octylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, oleylamine, aniline, p-toluidine, cyclohexylamine are preferred.
Aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamines, aliphatic diamines that may be conveniently used are ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine and decamethylenediamine, alicyclic diamines such as diaminocycl,ohexane, and aromatic diamines such as phenylenediamine, benzidine, diaminostilbene and tolidine, which are all diamines with from 2 to 12 carbon atoms therein.
Examples of monoalcohols that may be conveniently used are aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic alcohols branched or straight-chain. Aliphatic alcohols, which are Ce to C24 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols may be conveniently used. Straight-chain forms are particularly preferred.
In particular octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol, octadecyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol are preferred.
An example of an alicyclic alcohol that may be conveniently used is cyclohexyl alcohol. Examples of aromatic alcohols that may be conveniently used include benzyl alcohol, salicyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol and hydrocinnamyl alcohol.
The tetraurea compounds may be expressed by the general formula (5):
Q ~ ~ 11 RaNH- C-NH-R,-NH--C-NH-R2--NH--C-NH-R,-NH-C -NHRs (5) wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups and R3 denotes a hydrocarbyl group.
These compounds are reaction products of 2 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diisocyanate, 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamine and 2 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine. They are obtained by mixing the aforementioned compounds in a normal base oil so as to give the respective aforementioned proportions, and effecting the reaction. For example, they may be obtained by reacting 2 mol tolylene diisocyanate, 1 mol ethylenediamine and 2 mol octadecylamine in base oil.
Examples of diisocyanates that may be conveniently.
used include aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates and aromatic diisocyanates: for example, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl-benzene), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6XDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,3,5'-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (IPDI), phenylene diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (m-TMXDI) and p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI). In particular, 4-4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI) and 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) are preferred.
For the aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamines, aliphatic diamines such as ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine and decamethylenediamine, alicyclic diamines such as diaminocyclohexane, and aromatic diamines such as phenylenediamine, benzidine, diaminostilbene and tolidine, which are all diamines with from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, may be conveniently used.
For the monoamines, aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic monoamines may be conveniently used. Branched or straight-chain aliphatic monoamines which are saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amines with from 8 to 24 carbon atoms are preferred. Straight-chain saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amines with from 8 to 24 carbon atoms are particularly preferred.
As an example of an alicyclic monoamine, cyclohexylamine may be cited.
As examples of aromatic monoamines, aniline and p-toluidine may be cited.
An example of an alicyclic alcohol that may be conveniently used is cyclohexyl alcohol. Examples of aromatic alcohols that may be conveniently used include benzyl alcohol, salicyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol and hydrocinnamyl alcohol.
The tetraurea compounds may be expressed by the general formula (5):
Q ~ ~ 11 RaNH- C-NH-R,-NH--C-NH-R2--NH--C-NH-R,-NH-C -NHRs (5) wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups and R3 denotes a hydrocarbyl group.
These compounds are reaction products of 2 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diisocyanate, 1 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamine and 2 mol aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine. They are obtained by mixing the aforementioned compounds in a normal base oil so as to give the respective aforementioned proportions, and effecting the reaction. For example, they may be obtained by reacting 2 mol tolylene diisocyanate, 1 mol ethylenediamine and 2 mol octadecylamine in base oil.
Examples of diisocyanates that may be conveniently.
used include aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates and aromatic diisocyanates: for example, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl-benzene), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6XDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,3,5'-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (IPDI), phenylene diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (m-TMXDI) and p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI). In particular, 4-4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), trans-1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI) and 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) are preferred.
For the aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diamines, aliphatic diamines such as ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine and decamethylenediamine, alicyclic diamines such as diaminocyclohexane, and aromatic diamines such as phenylenediamine, benzidine, diaminostilbene and tolidine, which are all diamines with from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, may be conveniently used.
For the monoamines, aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic monoamines may be conveniently used. Branched or straight-chain aliphatic monoamines which are saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amines with from 8 to 24 carbon atoms are preferred. Straight-chain saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amines with from 8 to 24 carbon atoms are particularly preferred.
As an example of an alicyclic monoamine, cyclohexylamine may be cited.
As examples of aromatic monoamines, aniline and p-toluidine may be cited.
The one or more urea compounds (B) are preferably blended in an amount in the range of from 2 to 30% by weight, and more preferably in the range of from 2 to 20%
by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition. If the amount of said one or more urea compounds (B) is less than 2% by weight, then the effect of the thickening agent may be too small and the consistency may not be that of a grease. If the amount of said one or more urea compounds (B) exceeds 30% by weight, then the grease may become too hard and sufficient lubricating effect may not be obtained.
The one or more metal salts of a fatty acid in the lubricating grease composition are preferably metal salts which are comprised of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, which may also comprise one or more hydroxyl groups, wherein the metal is selected from the group comprised of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof.
Metal salts of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from zinc, aluminium and magnesium are preferred.
Particularly preferred metal salts of a fatty acid are those wherein the metal is selected from zinc and aluminium.
Fatty acids that may be conveniently used for the metal salts of a fatty acid include: as straight-chain saturated acids, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid; as branched saturated acids, 4-6-dimethyloctanoic acid, 2-methylundecanoic acid, 2-methyltetradecanoic acid and 2-ethylpentadecanoic acid;
by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition. If the amount of said one or more urea compounds (B) is less than 2% by weight, then the effect of the thickening agent may be too small and the consistency may not be that of a grease. If the amount of said one or more urea compounds (B) exceeds 30% by weight, then the grease may become too hard and sufficient lubricating effect may not be obtained.
The one or more metal salts of a fatty acid in the lubricating grease composition are preferably metal salts which are comprised of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, which may also comprise one or more hydroxyl groups, wherein the metal is selected from the group comprised of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof.
Metal salts of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from zinc, aluminium and magnesium are preferred.
Particularly preferred metal salts of a fatty acid are those wherein the metal is selected from zinc and aluminium.
Fatty acids that may be conveniently used for the metal salts of a fatty acid include: as straight-chain saturated acids, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid; as branched saturated acids, 4-6-dimethyloctanoic acid, 2-methylundecanoic acid, 2-methyltetradecanoic acid and 2-ethylpentadecanoic acid;
as unsaturated acids, 3-octenoic acid, 2-decenoic acid, caproleinic acid, myristoleinic acid, 2-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linolic acid, linolenoic acid and risinolic acid.
Lubricating grease compositions having extremely good anti-fretting properties are obtained by blending preferably in the range of from 0.1 to 25% by weight, more preferably in the range of from 0.5 to 20% by weight, of said one or more metal salts of fatty acid wherein metals selected from the group comprising aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
If said one or more metal salts of a fatty acid are present in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight, then the effect of the anti-fretting properties may be inadequate, and if it exceeds 25% by weight, then the effect of the one or more metal salts of a fatty acid may become too powerful and the effect of the anti-fretting properties may diminish.
The lubricating grease composition may contain, as required, additional additives such as anti-oxidants, rust inhibitors, metal corrosion inhibitors, oiliness agents (also known as friction modifiers), anti-wear agents, extreme-pressure additives and solid lubricant additives.
Examples of additives include anti-oxidants such as 2,6-ditertiary-butyl-4-methylphenol, N-phenyl-a-naphthylamine and 2,6-ditertiary-butyl para-cresol, rust inhibitors such as oxidised paraffin, aminoimidazoline, N,N'-trimethylenediamine diolate, sorbitan monoolate, metal sulphonates, alkenyl succinates and derivatives thereof, ester-type rust inhibitors or amine-type rust inhibitors, anti-wear or extreme-pressure additives such as sulphur compounds, for example, olefin sulphide, sulphurised oils and fats, diphenyl disulphide and dibenzyl disulphide, chlorine compounds such as chlorinated diphenyl or chlorinated paraffin, dithiophosphates such as zinc dithiophosphate and molybdenum dithiophosphate, dithiocarbamates such as zinc dithiocarbamate and molybdenum dithiocarbamate, phosphorus compunds such as phosphate esters, for example, tricresylphosphate, phosphite esters, thiophosphate esters and dithiophosphate esters.
The present invention further provides a method of reducing fretting corrosion in devices such as bearings, splines, couplings and leaf springs, said method comprising lubricating said devices with a lubricating grease composition as hereinbefore described.
It is possible to offer by means of the method of the present invention a lubricating grease composition capable of greatly improving anti-fretting properties, and bearings, splines, couplings and leaf springs using said lubricating grease composition.
The present invention is described below with reference to the following Examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
EXAMPLES
The results of experiments on the Examples and the Comparative Examples are shown below.
Lubricating grease compositions having extremely good anti-fretting properties are obtained by blending preferably in the range of from 0.1 to 25% by weight, more preferably in the range of from 0.5 to 20% by weight, of said one or more metal salts of fatty acid wherein metals selected from the group comprising aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
If said one or more metal salts of a fatty acid are present in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight, then the effect of the anti-fretting properties may be inadequate, and if it exceeds 25% by weight, then the effect of the one or more metal salts of a fatty acid may become too powerful and the effect of the anti-fretting properties may diminish.
The lubricating grease composition may contain, as required, additional additives such as anti-oxidants, rust inhibitors, metal corrosion inhibitors, oiliness agents (also known as friction modifiers), anti-wear agents, extreme-pressure additives and solid lubricant additives.
Examples of additives include anti-oxidants such as 2,6-ditertiary-butyl-4-methylphenol, N-phenyl-a-naphthylamine and 2,6-ditertiary-butyl para-cresol, rust inhibitors such as oxidised paraffin, aminoimidazoline, N,N'-trimethylenediamine diolate, sorbitan monoolate, metal sulphonates, alkenyl succinates and derivatives thereof, ester-type rust inhibitors or amine-type rust inhibitors, anti-wear or extreme-pressure additives such as sulphur compounds, for example, olefin sulphide, sulphurised oils and fats, diphenyl disulphide and dibenzyl disulphide, chlorine compounds such as chlorinated diphenyl or chlorinated paraffin, dithiophosphates such as zinc dithiophosphate and molybdenum dithiophosphate, dithiocarbamates such as zinc dithiocarbamate and molybdenum dithiocarbamate, phosphorus compunds such as phosphate esters, for example, tricresylphosphate, phosphite esters, thiophosphate esters and dithiophosphate esters.
The present invention further provides a method of reducing fretting corrosion in devices such as bearings, splines, couplings and leaf springs, said method comprising lubricating said devices with a lubricating grease composition as hereinbefore described.
It is possible to offer by means of the method of the present invention a lubricating grease composition capable of greatly improving anti-fretting properties, and bearings, splines, couplings and leaf springs using said lubricating grease composition.
The present invention is described below with reference to the following Examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
EXAMPLES
The results of experiments on the Examples and the Comparative Examples are shown below.
The diurea compounds used as the thickening agent in the lubricating grease compositions are shown by general formula (6):
R- NHCNH--~-- CHZ-~-~NHCNH-R
(6) and:
Aliphatic A is a diurea compound where R is a saturated alkyl group with 8 carbon atoms;
Aliphatic B is a diurea compound where R is a saturated alkyl group with 12 carbon atoms;
Aliphatic C is a diurea compound where R is a saturated alkyl group with 18 carbons;
Aliphatic D is a diurea compound comprised of 50 mol%
Aliphatic A and 50 mol% Aliphatic B;
Aliphatic E is a diurea compound comprised of 50 mol%
Aliphatic A and 50 mol% Aliphatic C;
Aliphatic F is a diurea compound which is the reaction product of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and octylamine, an 80 : 20 mixture of toluene-'2,4-diisocyanate : toluene-2,6-diisocyanate being used for the tolylene diisocyanate; and Aromatic A is the reaction product of p-toluidine and MDI.
The base oils used in the lubricating grease compositions that were tested were:
Mineral Oil A: a paraffinic mineral oil with a kinematic viscosity of 4 mm2/s at 100 C;
Mineral Oil B: a paraffinic mineral oil with a kinematic viscosity of 11 mm2/s at 100 C;
R- NHCNH--~-- CHZ-~-~NHCNH-R
(6) and:
Aliphatic A is a diurea compound where R is a saturated alkyl group with 8 carbon atoms;
Aliphatic B is a diurea compound where R is a saturated alkyl group with 12 carbon atoms;
Aliphatic C is a diurea compound where R is a saturated alkyl group with 18 carbons;
Aliphatic D is a diurea compound comprised of 50 mol%
Aliphatic A and 50 mol% Aliphatic B;
Aliphatic E is a diurea compound comprised of 50 mol%
Aliphatic A and 50 mol% Aliphatic C;
Aliphatic F is a diurea compound which is the reaction product of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and octylamine, an 80 : 20 mixture of toluene-'2,4-diisocyanate : toluene-2,6-diisocyanate being used for the tolylene diisocyanate; and Aromatic A is the reaction product of p-toluidine and MDI.
The base oils used in the lubricating grease compositions that were tested were:
Mineral Oil A: a paraffinic mineral oil with a kinematic viscosity of 4 mm2/s at 100 C;
Mineral Oil B: a paraffinic mineral oil with a kinematic viscosity of 11 mm2/s at 100 C;
Synthetic Oil A: a poly-a-olefin with a kinematic viscosity of 6 mm 2/s at 100 C (available under the trade designation "Hitec-166" from Ethyl Japan Corporation);
Synthetic Oil B: an alkyldiphenyl ether with a kinematic viscosity of 5.6 mm2/s at 100 C (available under the trade designation "Moresco Hilube LB-32" from Matsumura Oil Research Corporation);
Synthetic Oil C: a polyol ester with a kinematic viscosity of 6 mm2/s at 100 C (available under the trade designation "Kaolube" from Kao Corporation).
The abbreviations for some of the metal salts of a fatty acid used in the lubricating grease compositions that were tested are shown in the tables as:
Mg-St: magnesium stearate Ca-St: calcium stearate Li-St: lithium stearate Ca-12(OH)St: calcium 12-hydroxystearate Li-12(OH)St: lithium 12-hydroxystearate Zn-St: zinc stearate Al-St: aluminium stearate.
The properties representing the headings in the tables were established by the following test methods:
Penetration: JIS K 2220 5, 3 Dropping point: JIS K2220 5, 4 For anti-fretting, fretting abrasion tests were carried out in accordance with ASTM D4170.
Anti-fretting, room temperature, shows the results of fretting abrasion experiments for 22 hours at 25 C, while anti-fretting, low temperature, shows the results of fretting abrasion experiments for 22 hours at -30 C.
Synthetic Oil B: an alkyldiphenyl ether with a kinematic viscosity of 5.6 mm2/s at 100 C (available under the trade designation "Moresco Hilube LB-32" from Matsumura Oil Research Corporation);
Synthetic Oil C: a polyol ester with a kinematic viscosity of 6 mm2/s at 100 C (available under the trade designation "Kaolube" from Kao Corporation).
The abbreviations for some of the metal salts of a fatty acid used in the lubricating grease compositions that were tested are shown in the tables as:
Mg-St: magnesium stearate Ca-St: calcium stearate Li-St: lithium stearate Ca-12(OH)St: calcium 12-hydroxystearate Li-12(OH)St: lithium 12-hydroxystearate Zn-St: zinc stearate Al-St: aluminium stearate.
The properties representing the headings in the tables were established by the following test methods:
Penetration: JIS K 2220 5, 3 Dropping point: JIS K2220 5, 4 For anti-fretting, fretting abrasion tests were carried out in accordance with ASTM D4170.
Anti-fretting, room temperature, shows the results of fretting abrasion experiments for 22 hours at 25 C, while anti-fretting, low temperature, shows the results of fretting abrasion experiments for 22 hours at -30 C.
With regard to the amount of fretting abrasion, results are graded as follows:-O shows that the amount of fretting abrasion is under 1.5 mg - i.e. anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect was extremely large;
0 shows that the amount of fretting abrasion is in the range of from 1.5 to 5.0 mg - i.e. anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect was large;
A shows that the amount of fretting abrasion is in the range of from 5.0 to 15.0 mg - i.e. there was a small anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect;
X shows that the amount of fretting abrasion is above 15.0 mg - i.e. anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect was poor.
Examples of 1 to 5 Lubricating grease compositions were obtained by mixing and heating the thickening agents, base oils and additives shown in Table 1 in the proportions shown in Table 1.
The results of measuring the penetration, dropping point ( C) and anti-fretting (room temperature) of the lubricating grease compositions obtained are shown in Table 1.
0 shows that the amount of fretting abrasion is in the range of from 1.5 to 5.0 mg - i.e. anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect was large;
A shows that the amount of fretting abrasion is in the range of from 5.0 to 15.0 mg - i.e. there was a small anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect;
X shows that the amount of fretting abrasion is above 15.0 mg - i.e. anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect was poor.
Examples of 1 to 5 Lubricating grease compositions were obtained by mixing and heating the thickening agents, base oils and additives shown in Table 1 in the proportions shown in Table 1.
The results of measuring the penetration, dropping point ( C) and anti-fretting (room temperature) of the lubricating grease compositions obtained are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
Thickening Diurea agent Compound:
Aliphatic A 10 10 10 10 10 Base oil Mineral Oil A 89 89 89 89 89 Mg-St 1 Ca-St 1 Additives Ca-12(OH)St 1 Zn-St 1 Al-St 1 Penetration 285 282 284 283 281 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 Results point C
Anti-fretting grade, 0 A A O
room temp.
Anti-fretting (mg), room 3.9 8.3 13.2 0.2 0.3 temp.
With regard to the influence of the metals on the urea greases and stearate metal salts:
Ca-St: There was some fretting abrasion inhibition effect.
Thickening Diurea agent Compound:
Aliphatic A 10 10 10 10 10 Base oil Mineral Oil A 89 89 89 89 89 Mg-St 1 Ca-St 1 Additives Ca-12(OH)St 1 Zn-St 1 Al-St 1 Penetration 285 282 284 283 281 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 Results point C
Anti-fretting grade, 0 A A O
room temp.
Anti-fretting (mg), room 3.9 8.3 13.2 0.2 0.3 temp.
With regard to the influence of the metals on the urea greases and stearate metal salts:
Ca-St: There was some fretting abrasion inhibition effect.
Zn-St and Al-St: The fretting abrasion inhibition effect was extremely large.
As a result it was clear that, among the metal salts of a fatty acid, salts wherein the metal was Zn or Al had a particularly superior effect.
Comparative Examples 1 to 6 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the base oil for cases where a single diurea compound was used as the thickening agent. The results are shown in Table 2.
- IN _ 0, O rn ~ Ln Ln =
O ~C N l- (N
U w co a, (N A x -i a ~
a L, O ~C O O rn oo U W M r- N ~ x N
a O
M tl) O JC O O ~ (N 0U W -i rn cv A >C N
M
a O rl rz; O Ln =
O x O O 00 N
U W r-i rn N A x M
N
O N
Q,, O rI
-Q = o i-n =
O x O O oo (N U w ~I O) N A x ~
r:4 00 Ln O x C) O l- N 0~
U W rn (N A x r.~ LYl U ~
~ rl ri rl ~ 4-J
FC W U ~ 0 0 0 0 -P r:! 4J ZD) U U U 0 D U U -rl dP O-P ~ a ~ -r-I -H -r-I -r-I -H -r-I +-) 0) U 4) O 4) ~
4-) 4-) +) rl +3 4J +3 (0 ~-! 0 ~-I ~ I S 4) rti ~ rd (0 rd M 4) 4) 4) ~-I -r-I 4-I 4-I +J -P
4) 0 S' , - C : ~-I C' , 1-- (' , 4-J a-P I 4) I r-I
s4 a a a a a) 4J +) +) ar~-~+~-~ r.
r:~ -rl -rl -rl ~ ~-! 0 -rl 4J (0 +-) (n 0 ~ 0 >i >1 >i ~-4 O r- ~4 ~-~ a) O
r~ U FC ~C ~C ~ cn cn cn a-- C) a FC t3) FC ~4 ~4 ~
m 0) ~
~ 0 -P -~
-r-I 4) U~ rd -c~ b~ ro 4) E- ro r~ x In these results, no anti-fretting characteristic was observed with only a urea compound blended with the base oil.
Comparative Examples 7 and 8 Similar experiments were carried out for the cases where lithium stearate or lithiun 12-hydroxystearate was added, under heat, to the diurea compound. The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Comparative Comparative Example 7 Example 8 Thickening Diurea compound:
Agent Aliphatic A 10 10 Base oil Mineral Oil A 89 89 Li-St 1 Additives Li-12 (OH) St 1 Penetration (dmm) 281 286 Dropping point C >250 >250 Anti-fretting grade Results X X
Room temperature Anti-fretting result 21.3 20.6 (mg), room temp.
Virtually no anti-fretting characteristic was observed even when a lithium salt of a fatty acid was added to the urea grease.
Examples 6 to 13 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the base oil. The results are shown in Table 4.
O
Ol LO N
x (n O Ol 00 N
W H ,-i co r-I N A (D O
lfl Lf) M
~C N O Ol 00 N
W ~ H Co r-i N A
O
o0 LC) O al 00 N
W r I r-I 00 r-I N A 0 O
O
O Lf) Ol x O O Ol I- (N
1-1 00 ~ N A O
O
00 Lf) al x O Ol 00 N
[x] Ol '--I 00 r-I N A OO O
O
-t' Ln O 0') Co N
W 00 r-i co r-1 N A
C) Lf) Ll) N
O Ol CO (N
c-I CO r1 N A Q O
ro H O
O Ln [--O dl l- (N
[z] l0 r-I co r-I N A O
4) N rI +) ~ ~C aQ U ~ 4-) t3' ~-A ~4 pq rI rI ri S~ b) +-) bi N
O -r I -r I -rl -rl F- M r- +J
04 r~ rl 0 0 0 0 -r-I ~4 -rl O U 0 D U U -~ Q 4-) 04 +-) O
U -rl -~ -rl -rl -P b) N r4 0 O
4J r-i -{J +J 4J fo r, ~4 0 ~4 S-I
~ m rd 4) 4) 4) ~-I -.-I 4-4 4-) 4-4 N C: ~-I C. .S~ F- -P +J +J i] I I
~-I 04 (1) 4J +) +J U) CO (1) a -r-I r~ -r-{
I~ c I I I~ 0 +J O+J 0) rl I rl >1 >1 >i r- rl Q) ~-I O r~
r~ FC ~ cn U) cn N a ca r~ ~4 FC
s~ ~
a~ 0 -~I 4J
U f~ N -rl -r-I 4) H F::C f~ FC
According to these results, when the diurea compound and zinc stearate or aluminium stearate are blended into the base oil, both have an extremely large anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect, and substantially no influence on the anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect according to type of base oil was observed.
Examples of Embodiment 14 to 17 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the amount of thickening agent added. The results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 Example Example Example Example Diurea Thickening compound:
Agent Aliphatic A 15 15 Aliphatic C 10 10 Base oil Mineral Oil 84 84 89 89 A
Zn-St 1 1 Additives Al-St 1 1 Penetration 257 256 250 253 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Anti-Headings fretting p O O O
grade, room temp.
Anti-fretting 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 result (mg), room temp.
According to these results, the anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect was extremely large even when the grease consistency was hard.
Examples of Embodiment 18 to 29 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the type of thickening agent, and its effect was considered.
The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.
Table 6 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
Diurea compound:
Aliphatic B 30 30 Aliphatic C 8 8 Thickening Agent Aliphatic D 12 12 Aliphatic E
Aliphatic F
Aromatic A
Base oil Mineral Oil A 69 69 91 91 87 87 Zn-St 1 1 1 Additives Al-St 1 1 1 Penetration 298 300 288 290 290 293 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Results Anti-fretting grade,room O O O O O O
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 room temp.
Table 7 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
Diurea compound:
Aliphatic B
Thickening Aliphatic C
agent Aliphatic D
Aliphatic E 9 9 Aliphatic F 13 13 Aromatic A 22 22 Base oil Mineral Oil A 90 90 86 86 77 77 Zn-St 1 1 1 Additives Al-St = 1 1 1 Penetration 297 300 288 291 299 301 (dmm) Results Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Anti-fretting grade,room O O O O O
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 room temp.
The results did not change even when the type of thickening agent constituted by the urea compound was varied.
Example of 30 A lubricating.grease composition was obtained by mixing, at room temperature, 7% by weight of Aliphatic A as the diurea compound and 1% by weight of aluminium stearate with 92% by weight of Mineral Oil A.
The penetration of this lubricating grease composition was 276 and the dropping point was above 250 ( C). The anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect at room temperature was extremely large (0.3 mg).
Examples 31 to 35 The effect of varying the amount of aluminium stearate added was investigated. The results are shown in Table 8.
Table 8 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
Thickening Diurea compound:
Agent Aliphatic A 7 7 6.5 6.3 5.6 Base oil Mineral Oil A 92.9 92.5 88.5 83.7 74.4 Additives Al-St 0.1 0.5 5 10 20 Penetration 278 278 270 261 235 (dmm) Dropping point >250 >250 247 244 242 C
Anti-fretting Results grade,room 0 0 0 A A
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), 4.8 3.2 4.7 13.5 14.7 room temperature It was evident that the the amount of aluminium stearate added should preferably be in the range of from 0.1 to 20% by weight and that its effect is particularly large when present in the range of from 0.1 to 5% by weight.
Examples 36 to 39 The effect of varying the fatty acid comprised in the fatty acid metal salt was investigated. The results are shown in Table 9.
Table 9 Example Example Example Example Thickening Diurea Agent compound:
Aliphatic A 7 7 7 7 Base oil Mineral Oil 92 92 92 92 A
Zn laurate, 1 Saturated Zn myristate 1 Additives Saturated Zn oleate 1 Unsaturated Al oleate, 1 Unsaturated Penetration 282 284 281 283 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Anti-Results fretting E) O
grade,room temperature Anti-fretting 0.1 1.4 0.1 0.1 result (mg), room temp.
From these results, it was evident that the effect was large irrespective of whether the fatty acid comprised in the fatty acid metal salt was a saturated fatty acid or an unsaturated fatty acid.
Examples 40 to 42 Fretting abrasion tests were carried out for 22 hours at -30 C when using Synthetic Oil A as the base oil.
The results are shown in Table 10.
Table 10 Example Example Example Thickening Diurea compound:
agent Aliphatic A 7 7 7 Base oil Synthetic Oil A 92 92 92 Mg-St 1 Additives Zn-St 1 Al-St 1 Penetration (dmm) 285 288 286 Dropping point C >250 >250 >250 Anti-fretting Headings grade,low 0 0 O
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), low 3.8 1.6 0.5 temperature An improvement in the anti-fretting characteristics was observed even at low temperature.
Examples 43 to 44 The effect of using a tetraurea compound and a triurea urethane compound in place of a diurea compound was investigated.
For the tetraurea compound, a uniform solution was made by adding 7.49g of tolylene diisocyanate to lOOg of base oil, and heating to 50 C. To this solution were added 11.75g of oleylamine and 1.29g of ethylenediamine dissolved in 80g of base oil. When the mixture was agitated a gel-like substance was immediately produced.
While continuing the agitation, the temperature was increased to 150 C and, after that temperature was maintained for 30 minutes, 2.Og of inetallic salt was added and the mixture was held like this for 15 minutes before being cooled. A grease was then prepared using a three-roll mill. A grease composition containing 10% by weight of a tetraurea compound was thus obtained.
For the triurea compound, a uniform solution was made by adding 9.20g of tolylene diisocyanate and 7.14g of stearyl alcohol to lOOg of base oil, and heating to 50 C.
Next, 4.05g of tallow amine and 1.56g of ethylenediamine dissolved in 77g of base oil were added to this solution which was kept at 90 to 150 C and this was allowed to react with the unreacted isocyanate. 2.Og of metal salt was then added and the mixture was held for 15 minutes like this before being cooled. A grease was then prepared using a three-roll mill. A grease composition containing 11% by weight of a triurea urethane compound was thus obtained.
Table 11 Example 43 Example 44 Thickening Tetraurea compound 10 agent Triurea urethane 11 compound Base oil Mineral Oil A 89 88 Additives Al-St 1 1 Penetration (dmm) 271 293 Dropping point C >250 >250 Anti-fretting grade, Results O
room temperature Anti-fretting result 0.7 0.9 (mg), room temp.
Even when the urea compound was varied, it was possible to improve the anti-fretting characteristics substantially.
As a result it was clear that, among the metal salts of a fatty acid, salts wherein the metal was Zn or Al had a particularly superior effect.
Comparative Examples 1 to 6 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the base oil for cases where a single diurea compound was used as the thickening agent. The results are shown in Table 2.
- IN _ 0, O rn ~ Ln Ln =
O ~C N l- (N
U w co a, (N A x -i a ~
a L, O ~C O O rn oo U W M r- N ~ x N
a O
M tl) O JC O O ~ (N 0U W -i rn cv A >C N
M
a O rl rz; O Ln =
O x O O 00 N
U W r-i rn N A x M
N
O N
Q,, O rI
-Q = o i-n =
O x O O oo (N U w ~I O) N A x ~
r:4 00 Ln O x C) O l- N 0~
U W rn (N A x r.~ LYl U ~
~ rl ri rl ~ 4-J
FC W U ~ 0 0 0 0 -P r:! 4J ZD) U U U 0 D U U -rl dP O-P ~ a ~ -r-I -H -r-I -r-I -H -r-I +-) 0) U 4) O 4) ~
4-) 4-) +) rl +3 4J +3 (0 ~-! 0 ~-I ~ I S 4) rti ~ rd (0 rd M 4) 4) 4) ~-I -r-I 4-I 4-I +J -P
4) 0 S' , - C : ~-I C' , 1-- (' , 4-J a-P I 4) I r-I
s4 a a a a a) 4J +) +) ar~-~+~-~ r.
r:~ -rl -rl -rl ~ ~-! 0 -rl 4J (0 +-) (n 0 ~ 0 >i >1 >i ~-4 O r- ~4 ~-~ a) O
r~ U FC ~C ~C ~ cn cn cn a-- C) a FC t3) FC ~4 ~4 ~
m 0) ~
~ 0 -P -~
-r-I 4) U~ rd -c~ b~ ro 4) E- ro r~ x In these results, no anti-fretting characteristic was observed with only a urea compound blended with the base oil.
Comparative Examples 7 and 8 Similar experiments were carried out for the cases where lithium stearate or lithiun 12-hydroxystearate was added, under heat, to the diurea compound. The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Comparative Comparative Example 7 Example 8 Thickening Diurea compound:
Agent Aliphatic A 10 10 Base oil Mineral Oil A 89 89 Li-St 1 Additives Li-12 (OH) St 1 Penetration (dmm) 281 286 Dropping point C >250 >250 Anti-fretting grade Results X X
Room temperature Anti-fretting result 21.3 20.6 (mg), room temp.
Virtually no anti-fretting characteristic was observed even when a lithium salt of a fatty acid was added to the urea grease.
Examples 6 to 13 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the base oil. The results are shown in Table 4.
O
Ol LO N
x (n O Ol 00 N
W H ,-i co r-I N A (D O
lfl Lf) M
~C N O Ol 00 N
W ~ H Co r-i N A
O
o0 LC) O al 00 N
W r I r-I 00 r-I N A 0 O
O
O Lf) Ol x O O Ol I- (N
1-1 00 ~ N A O
O
00 Lf) al x O Ol 00 N
[x] Ol '--I 00 r-I N A OO O
O
-t' Ln O 0') Co N
W 00 r-i co r-1 N A
C) Lf) Ll) N
O Ol CO (N
c-I CO r1 N A Q O
ro H O
O Ln [--O dl l- (N
[z] l0 r-I co r-I N A O
4) N rI +) ~ ~C aQ U ~ 4-) t3' ~-A ~4 pq rI rI ri S~ b) +-) bi N
O -r I -r I -rl -rl F- M r- +J
04 r~ rl 0 0 0 0 -r-I ~4 -rl O U 0 D U U -~ Q 4-) 04 +-) O
U -rl -~ -rl -rl -P b) N r4 0 O
4J r-i -{J +J 4J fo r, ~4 0 ~4 S-I
~ m rd 4) 4) 4) ~-I -.-I 4-4 4-) 4-4 N C: ~-I C. .S~ F- -P +J +J i] I I
~-I 04 (1) 4J +) +J U) CO (1) a -r-I r~ -r-{
I~ c I I I~ 0 +J O+J 0) rl I rl >1 >1 >i r- rl Q) ~-I O r~
r~ FC ~ cn U) cn N a ca r~ ~4 FC
s~ ~
a~ 0 -~I 4J
U f~ N -rl -r-I 4) H F::C f~ FC
According to these results, when the diurea compound and zinc stearate or aluminium stearate are blended into the base oil, both have an extremely large anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect, and substantially no influence on the anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect according to type of base oil was observed.
Examples of Embodiment 14 to 17 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the amount of thickening agent added. The results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 Example Example Example Example Diurea Thickening compound:
Agent Aliphatic A 15 15 Aliphatic C 10 10 Base oil Mineral Oil 84 84 89 89 A
Zn-St 1 1 Additives Al-St 1 1 Penetration 257 256 250 253 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Anti-Headings fretting p O O O
grade, room temp.
Anti-fretting 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 result (mg), room temp.
According to these results, the anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect was extremely large even when the grease consistency was hard.
Examples of Embodiment 18 to 29 Similar experiments were carried out by varying the type of thickening agent, and its effect was considered.
The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.
Table 6 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
Diurea compound:
Aliphatic B 30 30 Aliphatic C 8 8 Thickening Agent Aliphatic D 12 12 Aliphatic E
Aliphatic F
Aromatic A
Base oil Mineral Oil A 69 69 91 91 87 87 Zn-St 1 1 1 Additives Al-St 1 1 1 Penetration 298 300 288 290 290 293 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Results Anti-fretting grade,room O O O O O O
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 room temp.
Table 7 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
Diurea compound:
Aliphatic B
Thickening Aliphatic C
agent Aliphatic D
Aliphatic E 9 9 Aliphatic F 13 13 Aromatic A 22 22 Base oil Mineral Oil A 90 90 86 86 77 77 Zn-St 1 1 1 Additives Al-St = 1 1 1 Penetration 297 300 288 291 299 301 (dmm) Results Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Anti-fretting grade,room O O O O O
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 room temp.
The results did not change even when the type of thickening agent constituted by the urea compound was varied.
Example of 30 A lubricating.grease composition was obtained by mixing, at room temperature, 7% by weight of Aliphatic A as the diurea compound and 1% by weight of aluminium stearate with 92% by weight of Mineral Oil A.
The penetration of this lubricating grease composition was 276 and the dropping point was above 250 ( C). The anti-fretting abrasion inhibition effect at room temperature was extremely large (0.3 mg).
Examples 31 to 35 The effect of varying the amount of aluminium stearate added was investigated. The results are shown in Table 8.
Table 8 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
Thickening Diurea compound:
Agent Aliphatic A 7 7 6.5 6.3 5.6 Base oil Mineral Oil A 92.9 92.5 88.5 83.7 74.4 Additives Al-St 0.1 0.5 5 10 20 Penetration 278 278 270 261 235 (dmm) Dropping point >250 >250 247 244 242 C
Anti-fretting Results grade,room 0 0 0 A A
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), 4.8 3.2 4.7 13.5 14.7 room temperature It was evident that the the amount of aluminium stearate added should preferably be in the range of from 0.1 to 20% by weight and that its effect is particularly large when present in the range of from 0.1 to 5% by weight.
Examples 36 to 39 The effect of varying the fatty acid comprised in the fatty acid metal salt was investigated. The results are shown in Table 9.
Table 9 Example Example Example Example Thickening Diurea Agent compound:
Aliphatic A 7 7 7 7 Base oil Mineral Oil 92 92 92 92 A
Zn laurate, 1 Saturated Zn myristate 1 Additives Saturated Zn oleate 1 Unsaturated Al oleate, 1 Unsaturated Penetration 282 284 281 283 (dmm) Dropping >250 >250 >250 >250 point C
Anti-Results fretting E) O
grade,room temperature Anti-fretting 0.1 1.4 0.1 0.1 result (mg), room temp.
From these results, it was evident that the effect was large irrespective of whether the fatty acid comprised in the fatty acid metal salt was a saturated fatty acid or an unsaturated fatty acid.
Examples 40 to 42 Fretting abrasion tests were carried out for 22 hours at -30 C when using Synthetic Oil A as the base oil.
The results are shown in Table 10.
Table 10 Example Example Example Thickening Diurea compound:
agent Aliphatic A 7 7 7 Base oil Synthetic Oil A 92 92 92 Mg-St 1 Additives Zn-St 1 Al-St 1 Penetration (dmm) 285 288 286 Dropping point C >250 >250 >250 Anti-fretting Headings grade,low 0 0 O
temperature Anti-fretting result (mg), low 3.8 1.6 0.5 temperature An improvement in the anti-fretting characteristics was observed even at low temperature.
Examples 43 to 44 The effect of using a tetraurea compound and a triurea urethane compound in place of a diurea compound was investigated.
For the tetraurea compound, a uniform solution was made by adding 7.49g of tolylene diisocyanate to lOOg of base oil, and heating to 50 C. To this solution were added 11.75g of oleylamine and 1.29g of ethylenediamine dissolved in 80g of base oil. When the mixture was agitated a gel-like substance was immediately produced.
While continuing the agitation, the temperature was increased to 150 C and, after that temperature was maintained for 30 minutes, 2.Og of inetallic salt was added and the mixture was held like this for 15 minutes before being cooled. A grease was then prepared using a three-roll mill. A grease composition containing 10% by weight of a tetraurea compound was thus obtained.
For the triurea compound, a uniform solution was made by adding 9.20g of tolylene diisocyanate and 7.14g of stearyl alcohol to lOOg of base oil, and heating to 50 C.
Next, 4.05g of tallow amine and 1.56g of ethylenediamine dissolved in 77g of base oil were added to this solution which was kept at 90 to 150 C and this was allowed to react with the unreacted isocyanate. 2.Og of metal salt was then added and the mixture was held for 15 minutes like this before being cooled. A grease was then prepared using a three-roll mill. A grease composition containing 11% by weight of a triurea urethane compound was thus obtained.
Table 11 Example 43 Example 44 Thickening Tetraurea compound 10 agent Triurea urethane 11 compound Base oil Mineral Oil A 89 88 Additives Al-St 1 1 Penetration (dmm) 271 293 Dropping point C >250 >250 Anti-fretting grade, Results O
room temperature Anti-fretting result 0.7 0.9 (mg), room temp.
Even when the urea compound was varied, it was possible to improve the anti-fretting characteristics substantially.
Claims (11)
1. Use of a lubricating grease composition comprising:
(A) base oil selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil, or mixtures thereof, (B) one or more urea compounds, and (C) one or more metal salts of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof, in order to reduce fretting corrosion.
(A) base oil selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil, or mixtures thereof, (B) one or more urea compounds, and (C) one or more metal salts of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium and mixtures thereof, in order to reduce fretting corrosion.
2. Use according to Claim 1, wherein the lubricating grease composition comprises an amount in the range of from 2 to 30%
by weight of the one or more urea compounds (B), based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
by weight of the one or more urea compounds (B), based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
3. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more urea compounds (B) are diurea compounds.
4. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or urea compounds (B) are triurea compounds expressed by the general formula (4):
wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups and R3 and R4 denote hydrocarbyl groups.
wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups and R3 and R4 denote hydrocarbyl groups.
5. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more urea compounds (B) are tetraurea compounds expressed by the general formula (5):
wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups and R3 denotes a hydrocarbyl group.
wherein R1 and R2 denote hydrocarbylene groups and R3 denotes a hydrocarbyl group.
6. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the lubricating grease composition comprises an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 25% by weight of the one or more metal salts of a fatty acid (C), based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
7. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the one or more metal salts of a fatty acid (C) are metal salts of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, which may also comprise one or more hydroxyl groups, wherein the metal is selected from the group comprised of aluminium, magnesium, zinc and calcium and mixtures thereof.
8. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the base oil (A) is a poly-.alpha.-olefin.
9. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the base oil (A) is an ether oil.
10. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the base oil (A) is an ester oil.
11. Method of reducing fretting corrosion in bearings, splines, couplings and leaf springs, said method comprising lubricating said bearings, splines, couplings and leaf springs with a lubricating grease composition as described in any one of Claims 1 to 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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JP2004-364252 | 2004-12-16 | ||
JP2004364252A JP2006169386A (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2004-12-16 | Lubricating grease composition and bearing using the same |
PCT/EP2005/056863 WO2006064053A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2005-12-16 | Lubricating grease composition |
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CA2590861A1 true CA2590861A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
Family
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CA002590861A Abandoned CA2590861A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2005-12-16 | Lubricating grease composition |
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US (1) | US20060154833A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1828356A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006169386A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070092741A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101111591A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005315557B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0519092A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2590861A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007007175A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006064053A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200704729B (en) |
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JP5007029B2 (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2012-08-22 | Ntn株式会社 | Grease composition and rolling bearing with grease |
WO2007116725A1 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd. | Lubricant base oil |
JP5330774B2 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2013-10-30 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | Grease composition for resin lubrication |
JP5330773B2 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2013-10-30 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | Grease composition for resin lubrication |
JP5403989B2 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2014-01-29 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Lubricant composition, speed reducer and electric power steering apparatus using the same |
FR2942627B1 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2011-05-06 | Total Raffinage Marketing | FAT COMPOSITION |
CN101629110B (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2013-06-26 | 占小玲 | Low-dose high-level transparent microemulsified nanometer particle size fuel taking theamin modified sugar as heat value agent |
CN101624549B (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2012-08-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Extreme-pressure lubricating grease and preparation method thereof |
WO2011020863A1 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Lubricating grease compositions |
JP5665298B2 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2015-02-04 | 協同油脂株式会社 | Grease composition and constant velocity joint |
CN102372655B (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2014-03-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Carbonyl tetraamine compound and preparation method thereof |
CN102218530B (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-12-05 | 烟台市牟平区留德润滑油销售有限公司 | Special anti-rust oil for iron powder stamping part |
JP5895723B2 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2016-03-30 | 日本精工株式会社 | Rolling bearing unit for wheel support |
JP2013166901A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-08-29 | Nsk Ltd | Lubricant, and rolling bearing including the same |
JP5931510B2 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2016-06-08 | Jxエネルギー株式会社 | Grease composition |
KR101496527B1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-02-26 | 우정훈 | Grease composition |
CN103265998B (en) * | 2013-05-19 | 2014-08-27 | 广西大学 | Heat-resistant grease |
CN103484225A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-temperature polyurea lubricating grease composition and preparation method thereof |
JP6741518B2 (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2020-08-19 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Rolling device for vehicle |
WO2018101432A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | ミネベアミツミ株式会社 | Grease composition and rolling bearing |
JP2018090783A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-14 | ミネベアミツミ株式会社 | Grease composition and rolling bearing |
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WO2019131560A1 (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-04 | 日本精工株式会社 | Lubricant composition |
JP2021525249A (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2021-09-24 | エピトラッカー インコーポレイテッドEpitracker, Inc. | Compositions and Methods for Diagnosis and Treatment of Conditions Related to Aging and Long-Term Quality |
CN109913287B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2022-05-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tetraurea lubricating grease and preparation method thereof |
DE102019134330A1 (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-17 | Klüber Lubrication München Se & Co. Kg | Use of a grease composition with a high upper service temperature |
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-
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- 2004-12-16 JP JP2004364252A patent/JP2006169386A/en active Pending
-
2005
- 2005-12-14 US US11/300,676 patent/US20060154833A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-16 BR BRPI0519092-4A patent/BRPI0519092A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-16 CA CA002590861A patent/CA2590861A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-16 WO PCT/EP2005/056863 patent/WO2006064053A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-12-16 CN CNA2005800472707A patent/CN101111591A/en active Pending
- 2005-12-16 MX MX2007007175A patent/MX2007007175A/en unknown
- 2005-12-16 AU AU2005315557A patent/AU2005315557B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-16 KR KR1020077016303A patent/KR20070092741A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-12-16 EP EP05823953A patent/EP1828356A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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JP2006169386A (en) | 2006-06-29 |
BRPI0519092A2 (en) | 2008-12-23 |
WO2006064053A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
EP1828356A1 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
US20060154833A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
AU2005315557A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
KR20070092741A (en) | 2007-09-13 |
CN101111591A (en) | 2008-01-23 |
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AU2005315557B2 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
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