CA2578656A1 - Method for coating of jewelry including rings using high velocity particulate coating sprayer - Google Patents
Method for coating of jewelry including rings using high velocity particulate coating sprayer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2578656A1 CA2578656A1 CA002578656A CA2578656A CA2578656A1 CA 2578656 A1 CA2578656 A1 CA 2578656A1 CA 002578656 A CA002578656 A CA 002578656A CA 2578656 A CA2578656 A CA 2578656A CA 2578656 A1 CA2578656 A1 CA 2578656A1
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- Prior art keywords
- coating
- sprayer
- annular
- high velocity
- spray
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for coating an annular object using a high velocity particulate coating sprayer includes a high velocity particulate coating sprayer and a selectively rotatable mount having an axis of rotation which is substantially orthogonal to a plane containing the flow path of the high velocity spray from the sprayer. An annular object to be coated is mounted onto the rotatable mount so as to expose its external annular surface so as to position the annular body in the plane containing the flow path of the spray from the sprayer. The rotatable mount and annular object are rotated at a pre-determined speed of rotation about the axis of rotation and the external annular surface of the annular object coated by the spray while rotating on the rotatable mount.
Description
METHOD FOR COATING OF JEWELRY INCLUDING RINGS USING HIGH VELOCITY
PARTICULATE COATING SPRAYER
Field of the Invention This invention relates generally to the field of high velocity spray coating systems such as HVOF or Detonation Gun coating systems and techniques, and in particular to a method for using high velocity spray coating for coating jewelry including rings and the like.
Background of the Invention High velocity oxygen fuel (herein alternatively referred to as HVOF) and detonation gun (herein alternatively referred to as D-Gun, a trademark of Praxair S.T.
Technologies, Inc. are techniques to deposit thin films of a coating material onto a substrate, and can be used to deposit layers having a wear and corrosion resistant characteristic such as ceramic coatings applied to lightweight substrate materials. For example, the HVOF sprayed coatings may be chromium carbide, tungsten carbide, nickel, cobalt and blends of other metallic elements.
The HVOF process in the prior art may be characterized as a blend of fuel whether gaseous or liquid and oxygen which is brought together to burn in a gas flow which expands and accelerates through a nozzle reaching speeds of up to for example one thousand five hundred meters per second. Coating material which may be powder (see for example United States Patent No. 4,865,252 which issued September 12, 1989 to Rotolico et al. for a High Velocity Powder Thermal Spray Gun and Method) or may be a wire fed into the flame jet (see for example United States Patent No. 6,924,007 which issued to Browning on August
PARTICULATE COATING SPRAYER
Field of the Invention This invention relates generally to the field of high velocity spray coating systems such as HVOF or Detonation Gun coating systems and techniques, and in particular to a method for using high velocity spray coating for coating jewelry including rings and the like.
Background of the Invention High velocity oxygen fuel (herein alternatively referred to as HVOF) and detonation gun (herein alternatively referred to as D-Gun, a trademark of Praxair S.T.
Technologies, Inc. are techniques to deposit thin films of a coating material onto a substrate, and can be used to deposit layers having a wear and corrosion resistant characteristic such as ceramic coatings applied to lightweight substrate materials. For example, the HVOF sprayed coatings may be chromium carbide, tungsten carbide, nickel, cobalt and blends of other metallic elements.
The HVOF process in the prior art may be characterized as a blend of fuel whether gaseous or liquid and oxygen which is brought together to burn in a gas flow which expands and accelerates through a nozzle reaching speeds of up to for example one thousand five hundred meters per second. Coating material which may be powder (see for example United States Patent No. 4,865,252 which issued September 12, 1989 to Rotolico et al. for a High Velocity Powder Thermal Spray Gun and Method) or may be a wire fed into the flame jet (see for example United States Patent No. 6,924,007 which issued to Browning on August
2, 2005 for a HVOF Wire Spray System), is fed either axially or radially into the gas flow, reaching for example a speed of up to eight hundred meters per second. The melted coating material in the gas flow is directed along a supersonic gas beam which is directed from the nozzle so as to impact the substrate to form a coating on the substrate.
In the prior art applicant is also aware of United States Patent No. 3,958,097 which issued May 18, 1976 to Fabel et al. for a Plasma Flame-Spraying Process Employing Supersonic Gaseous Streams; United States Patent No. 4,540,121 which issued September 10, 1985 to Browning for a Highly Concentrated Supersonic Material Flame Spray Method and Apparatus; United States Patent No. 4,788,077 which issued November 29, 1988 to Kang for a Thermal Spray Coating Having Improved Adherence, Low Residual Stress and Improved Resistance to Spalling and Methods for Producing Same; United States Patent No. 4,869,936 which issued September 26, 1989 to Moskowitz et al. for an Apparatus and Process for Producing High Density Thermal Spray Coatings; United States Patent No.
4,928,879 which issued May 29, 1990 to Rotolico for a Wire and Power Thermal Spray Gun; and United States Patent No. 5,006,321 which issued April 9, 1991 to Dorfman et al. for a Thermal Spray Method for Producing Glass Mold Plungers.
Detonation Gun processes are described in the prior art such as in Praxair Surface Technologies Publication P-9085A, G-1097 03/05, Praxair S.T.
Technology,' Inc., wherein it is described that a carefully measured mixture of gases, usually oxygen and acetylene, is fed to the barrel along with a charge of powder (usually with a particle size less than 100 microns). A spark is used to ignite the gas and the resulting detonation wave heats and accelerates the powder as it moves down the barrel. The gas is travelling at a supersonic velocity and the powder is entrained for a sufficient distance for it to be accelerated to a supersonic velocity as well, typically about 760 m/sec (2400 ft/see). A pulse of nitrogen gas is used to purge the barrel after each detonation. This process is repeated many times a second.
Each individual detonation results in a deposition of a circle (disk) of coating a few microns thick and about one inch in diameter. The coating is made of many overlapping disks. Careful, fully automated, disk placement results in a very uniform coating thickness and a relatively smooth, planar surface.
Summarv of the Invention In summary, the present invention may be characterized in one aspect as a method of coating an annular object using a high velocity particulate coating sprayer. The method includes the steps of:
a) providing a high velocity particulate coating sprayer;
b) providing a selectively rotatable mount having an axis of rotation which is substantially orthogonal to a plane containing the flow path of the high velocity spray from the sprayer;
c) mounting an annular object to be coated so as to expose an external annular surface of an annular body of the annular object, and mounting the object onto the rotatable mount so as to position the annular body of the annular object to lie in the plane containing the flow path of the spray from the sprayer and so that the plane intersects a circumference of the annular body;
d) rotating the rotatable mount and annular object mounted thereon at a pre-determined speed of rotation about the axis of rotation; and, e) spraying a particulate coating from the sprayer along the flow path so as to coat the external annular surface of the annular object while rotating on the rotatable mount.
Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 a is a side elevation cross sectional view of a prior art HVOF
sprayer illustrating a supersonic flow exiting from the apparatus nozzle and carrying with it particulate coating so as to impact a substrate to be coated.
Figure lb is a side elevation cross sectional view of a prior art D-GunTM
detonation gun.
In the prior art applicant is also aware of United States Patent No. 3,958,097 which issued May 18, 1976 to Fabel et al. for a Plasma Flame-Spraying Process Employing Supersonic Gaseous Streams; United States Patent No. 4,540,121 which issued September 10, 1985 to Browning for a Highly Concentrated Supersonic Material Flame Spray Method and Apparatus; United States Patent No. 4,788,077 which issued November 29, 1988 to Kang for a Thermal Spray Coating Having Improved Adherence, Low Residual Stress and Improved Resistance to Spalling and Methods for Producing Same; United States Patent No. 4,869,936 which issued September 26, 1989 to Moskowitz et al. for an Apparatus and Process for Producing High Density Thermal Spray Coatings; United States Patent No.
4,928,879 which issued May 29, 1990 to Rotolico for a Wire and Power Thermal Spray Gun; and United States Patent No. 5,006,321 which issued April 9, 1991 to Dorfman et al. for a Thermal Spray Method for Producing Glass Mold Plungers.
Detonation Gun processes are described in the prior art such as in Praxair Surface Technologies Publication P-9085A, G-1097 03/05, Praxair S.T.
Technology,' Inc., wherein it is described that a carefully measured mixture of gases, usually oxygen and acetylene, is fed to the barrel along with a charge of powder (usually with a particle size less than 100 microns). A spark is used to ignite the gas and the resulting detonation wave heats and accelerates the powder as it moves down the barrel. The gas is travelling at a supersonic velocity and the powder is entrained for a sufficient distance for it to be accelerated to a supersonic velocity as well, typically about 760 m/sec (2400 ft/see). A pulse of nitrogen gas is used to purge the barrel after each detonation. This process is repeated many times a second.
Each individual detonation results in a deposition of a circle (disk) of coating a few microns thick and about one inch in diameter. The coating is made of many overlapping disks. Careful, fully automated, disk placement results in a very uniform coating thickness and a relatively smooth, planar surface.
Summarv of the Invention In summary, the present invention may be characterized in one aspect as a method of coating an annular object using a high velocity particulate coating sprayer. The method includes the steps of:
a) providing a high velocity particulate coating sprayer;
b) providing a selectively rotatable mount having an axis of rotation which is substantially orthogonal to a plane containing the flow path of the high velocity spray from the sprayer;
c) mounting an annular object to be coated so as to expose an external annular surface of an annular body of the annular object, and mounting the object onto the rotatable mount so as to position the annular body of the annular object to lie in the plane containing the flow path of the spray from the sprayer and so that the plane intersects a circumference of the annular body;
d) rotating the rotatable mount and annular object mounted thereon at a pre-determined speed of rotation about the axis of rotation; and, e) spraying a particulate coating from the sprayer along the flow path so as to coat the external annular surface of the annular object while rotating on the rotatable mount.
Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 a is a side elevation cross sectional view of a prior art HVOF
sprayer illustrating a supersonic flow exiting from the apparatus nozzle and carrying with it particulate coating so as to impact a substrate to be coated.
Figure lb is a side elevation cross sectional view of a prior art D-GunTM
detonation gun.
3 Figure 2 is, in side elevation view, the prior art HVOF spray apparatus of Figure 1 spray coating a ring according to the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description of Embodiments of the Invention As seen in the accompanying Figures wherein similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts in each view, Figures la and lb illustrate prior art HVOF sprayer gun and D-GunTM detonation gun, and Figure 2 illustrates the use of the HVOF
sprayer gun of Figure 1 in the coating of a ring according to the method of the present invention. The illustration of a HVOF gun in Figure 2 and as described below, is intended to be illustrative of the use in the present invention of high velocity supersonic muzzle velocity particulate sprayers including HVOF and D-Gun processes, wherein the particulate is heating to melting or just below melting in the spray exiting the gun barrel.
In Figure 2 HVOF sprayer gun 10 includes a nozzle 12 cooperating with primary and secondary combustion chambers 14a and 14b respectively. Primary combustion chamber 14a is contained within a base housing 16 having a fuel gas supply port 18, an oxygen supply port 20, a water removal valve 22a, and a powder injection tube 24. The fuel gas is taught to be H2, C3H6, etc. The fuel gas and oxygen are mixed within the primary combustion chamber 14a and the results of combustion accelerate from the secondary combustion chamber 14b through a converging inlet 12a and through duct 12b so as to exit from nozzle exit 12c as a supersonic gas flow 26 in direction B. As is characteristic of supersonic flows exiting to typical ambient conditions, the pressure recovery within the supersonic flow results in shock waves forming a diamond pattern 26a within the flow adjacent nozzle exit 12c. Particulate powder coating material is injected in direction A
through powder injection tube 24 so as to exit the tube at approximately the nozzle exit 12c so that the particulate powder coating material 24a is entrained into supersonic flow 26 and heated by the flow for deposition as a thin coating, in the prior art onto substrate 28, and in the present invention onto ring 30. Nozzle 12 is cooled by water which is injected through water
Detailed Description of Embodiments of the Invention As seen in the accompanying Figures wherein similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts in each view, Figures la and lb illustrate prior art HVOF sprayer gun and D-GunTM detonation gun, and Figure 2 illustrates the use of the HVOF
sprayer gun of Figure 1 in the coating of a ring according to the method of the present invention. The illustration of a HVOF gun in Figure 2 and as described below, is intended to be illustrative of the use in the present invention of high velocity supersonic muzzle velocity particulate sprayers including HVOF and D-Gun processes, wherein the particulate is heating to melting or just below melting in the spray exiting the gun barrel.
In Figure 2 HVOF sprayer gun 10 includes a nozzle 12 cooperating with primary and secondary combustion chambers 14a and 14b respectively. Primary combustion chamber 14a is contained within a base housing 16 having a fuel gas supply port 18, an oxygen supply port 20, a water removal valve 22a, and a powder injection tube 24. The fuel gas is taught to be H2, C3H6, etc. The fuel gas and oxygen are mixed within the primary combustion chamber 14a and the results of combustion accelerate from the secondary combustion chamber 14b through a converging inlet 12a and through duct 12b so as to exit from nozzle exit 12c as a supersonic gas flow 26 in direction B. As is characteristic of supersonic flows exiting to typical ambient conditions, the pressure recovery within the supersonic flow results in shock waves forming a diamond pattern 26a within the flow adjacent nozzle exit 12c. Particulate powder coating material is injected in direction A
through powder injection tube 24 so as to exit the tube at approximately the nozzle exit 12c so that the particulate powder coating material 24a is entrained into supersonic flow 26 and heated by the flow for deposition as a thin coating, in the prior art onto substrate 28, and in the present invention onto ring 30. Nozzle 12 is cooled by water which is injected through water
4 supply port 22b and flows through water jacket 22c along nozzle 12 ipr removal from water removal valve 22a. Waterjacket 22c provides for counter-flow cooling of duct 12b.
Ring 30, which advantageously is a piece of jewelry and which may be made of lightweight material such as titanium, is releasably mounted on a rotatable support such as spindle 32. Spindle 32 is mounted on drive axle 34 coaxially along its longitudinal axis of rotation C. Drive axle 34 is rotated about axis C in direction D by, for example, drive transmission 36. A prime mover such as a motor (not shown) turns drive shaft 38 which rotates drive axle 34 via transmission 36.
Rotation of spindle 32 on drive axle 34 in direction D simultaneously rotates ring 30 also in direction D as HVOF gun 10 sprays a coating of for example chromium carbide, tungsten carbide, nickel, cobalt or blends of other metallic elements, and preferably tungsten carbide so as to coat the exterior surface 30a of ring 30.
Rotating ring 30 at a speed sufficient for uniform coverage results in a highly bonded evenly coated deposition of particles 24a nbtwithstanding that ring 30 is not only curved in a plane containing the ring, that is, orthogonal to axis C, but may be curved laterally across its surface, that is, in a plane containing axis C, as opposed to being a flat substrate such as known in the prior art. The resulting coating of ring 30 provides for a hard protective surface which may also be used to add aesthetic appeal to the ring by various treatments including buffing, colorizing and the like.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many alterations and modifications are possible in the practice of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.
Ring 30, which advantageously is a piece of jewelry and which may be made of lightweight material such as titanium, is releasably mounted on a rotatable support such as spindle 32. Spindle 32 is mounted on drive axle 34 coaxially along its longitudinal axis of rotation C. Drive axle 34 is rotated about axis C in direction D by, for example, drive transmission 36. A prime mover such as a motor (not shown) turns drive shaft 38 which rotates drive axle 34 via transmission 36.
Rotation of spindle 32 on drive axle 34 in direction D simultaneously rotates ring 30 also in direction D as HVOF gun 10 sprays a coating of for example chromium carbide, tungsten carbide, nickel, cobalt or blends of other metallic elements, and preferably tungsten carbide so as to coat the exterior surface 30a of ring 30.
Rotating ring 30 at a speed sufficient for uniform coverage results in a highly bonded evenly coated deposition of particles 24a nbtwithstanding that ring 30 is not only curved in a plane containing the ring, that is, orthogonal to axis C, but may be curved laterally across its surface, that is, in a plane containing axis C, as opposed to being a flat substrate such as known in the prior art. The resulting coating of ring 30 provides for a hard protective surface which may also be used to add aesthetic appeal to the ring by various treatments including buffing, colorizing and the like.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many alterations and modifications are possible in the practice of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.
5
Claims
1. A method of coating an annular object using a high velocity particulate coating sprayer, the method includes the steps of:
a) providing a high velocity particulate coating sprayer;
b) providing a selectively rotatable mount having an axis of rotation which is substantially orthogonal to a plane containing the flow path of the high velocity spray from the sprayer;
c) mounting an annular object to be coated so as to expose an external annular surface of an annular body of the annular object, and mounting the object onto the rotatable mount so as to position the annular body of the annular object to lie in the plane containing the flow path of the spray from the sprayer and so that the plane intersects a circumference of the annular body;
d) rotating the rotatable mount and annular object mounted thereon at a pre-determined speed of rotation about the axis of rotation; and, e) spraying a particulate coating from the sprayer along the flow path so as to coat the external annular surface of the annular object while rotating on the rotatable mount.
a) providing a high velocity particulate coating sprayer;
b) providing a selectively rotatable mount having an axis of rotation which is substantially orthogonal to a plane containing the flow path of the high velocity spray from the sprayer;
c) mounting an annular object to be coated so as to expose an external annular surface of an annular body of the annular object, and mounting the object onto the rotatable mount so as to position the annular body of the annular object to lie in the plane containing the flow path of the spray from the sprayer and so that the plane intersects a circumference of the annular body;
d) rotating the rotatable mount and annular object mounted thereon at a pre-determined speed of rotation about the axis of rotation; and, e) spraying a particulate coating from the sprayer along the flow path so as to coat the external annular surface of the annular object while rotating on the rotatable mount.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US86173206P | 2006-11-30 | 2006-11-30 | |
| US60/861,732 | 2006-11-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2578656A1 true CA2578656A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 |
Family
ID=39473499
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002578656A Abandoned CA2578656A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2007-02-15 | Method for coating of jewelry including rings using high velocity particulate coating sprayer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2578656A1 (en) |
-
2007
- 2007-02-15 CA CA002578656A patent/CA2578656A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |