CA2499264A1 - A process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species - Google Patents
A process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2499264A1 CA2499264A1 CA002499264A CA2499264A CA2499264A1 CA 2499264 A1 CA2499264 A1 CA 2499264A1 CA 002499264 A CA002499264 A CA 002499264A CA 2499264 A CA2499264 A CA 2499264A CA 2499264 A1 CA2499264 A1 CA 2499264A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- biocatalyst
- ions
- power plant
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 20
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract 18
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 19
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims 13
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims 13
- 239000011942 biocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims 12
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 4
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 102000003846 Carbonic anhydrases Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000209 Carbonic anhydrases Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001422 barium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003463 organelle Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
A process is disclosed for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from a fossil-fuel power plant into useful carbonated species. Ohe process primarily comprises the steps of: a) burning the fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2; and b) converting the heat into energy.
The process is characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: c) cooling the exhaust gas; and d) biologically transforming the CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas into carbonated species, thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas and producing useful carbonated species. The low CO2 exhaust gas obtained in step d) can be released in the atmosphere without increasing the problem of greenhouse effect.
The process is characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: c) cooling the exhaust gas; and d) biologically transforming the CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas into carbonated species, thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas and producing useful carbonated species. The low CO2 exhaust gas obtained in step d) can be released in the atmosphere without increasing the problem of greenhouse effect.
Claims (22)
1. A process for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from a fossil-fuel power plant into carbonated species, comprising the steps of:
a) combustion of a fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2;
b) converting said heat into energy;
the process being characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
c) cooling said exhaust gas; and d) reducing the amount of CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas by biologically transforming said CO2 into carbonated species; thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas.
a) combustion of a fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2;
b) converting said heat into energy;
the process being characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
c) cooling said exhaust gas; and d) reducing the amount of CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas by biologically transforming said CO2 into carbonated species; thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas.
2. A process as defined in claim 1, characterized in that step d) comprises the steps of:
- catalyzing the hydration of at least a portion of the CO2 contained in the exhaust gas and producing a solution containing hydrogen ions and carbonate ions; and - adding to said solution metal ions, and adjusting the pH of the solution to precipitate a carbonate of said metal;
wherein said hydration is catalyzed by a biocatalyst capable of catalyzing the hydration of dissolved CO2 into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions.
- catalyzing the hydration of at least a portion of the CO2 contained in the exhaust gas and producing a solution containing hydrogen ions and carbonate ions; and - adding to said solution metal ions, and adjusting the pH of the solution to precipitate a carbonate of said metal;
wherein said hydration is catalyzed by a biocatalyst capable of catalyzing the hydration of dissolved CO2 into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions.
3. A process as defined in claim 2, characterized in that said biocatalyst is selected from the group consisting of enzyme, cellular organelle, mammal cells and vegetal cells.
4. A process as defined in claim 3, characterized in that the biocatalyst is the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or an analogue thereof.
5. A process as defined in claim 2, wherein step d) comprises the step of:
- feeding liquid H2O and at least a portion of the exhaust gas into a bioreactor containing therein a reaction chamber filled with said biocatalyst.
- feeding liquid H2O and at least a portion of the exhaust gas into a bioreactor containing therein a reaction chamber filled with said biocatalyst.
6. A process as defined in claim 5, characterized in that the biocatalyst is immobilized on solid supports packing the bioreactor.
7. A process as defined in claim 2, wherein step d) comprises the step of:
- feeding at least a portion of the exhaust gas into a bioreactor containing therein a reaction chamber filled with said biocatalyst in suspension in a liquid phase.
- feeding at least a portion of the exhaust gas into a bioreactor containing therein a reaction chamber filled with said biocatalyst in suspension in a liquid phase.
8. A process as defined in claim 7, characterized in that the biocatalyst is free in said aqueous liquid phase, or immobilized on solid supports or entrapped inside a solid matrix.
9. A process as defined in any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, in step c), the exhaust gas is cooled to a temperature sufficiently low so as to maintain a catalytic effect of the biocatalyst.
10. A process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises, prior to step d) of reducing, the step of:
- removing from the exhaust gas additional contaminants contained in the exhaust gas.
- removing from the exhaust gas additional contaminants contained in the exhaust gas.
11. A process as defined in claim 10, characterized in that said additional contaminants are selected from the group consisting of ash, NO x and SO2.
12. A process as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the metal ions are selected from the group consisting of calcium, barium, magnesium and sodium ions.
13. A process as defined in claim 12, characterized in that said metal ions are Ca++ and the carbonate is CaCO3.
14. A process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that step c) of cooling is performed by means of a heat exchanger that removes heat from said cooled exhaust gas, the heat removed being recycled in step b) of the process.
15 15. A power plant for producing energy from fossil fuel, and recycling carbon dioxide emissions into carbonated species, the plant comprising:
- a combustion unit for burning fossil fuel, thereby producing heat and an exhaust gas containing CO2;
- means for converting said heat into energy;
the plant being characterized in that it comprises:
- means for cooling the exhaust gas;
- biological means for biologically transforming at least a portion of the CO2 from the cooled exhaust gas into hydrogen ions and carbonate ions; and - precipitation means for precipitating carbonated species from the carbonate ions.
- a combustion unit for burning fossil fuel, thereby producing heat and an exhaust gas containing CO2;
- means for converting said heat into energy;
the plant being characterized in that it comprises:
- means for cooling the exhaust gas;
- biological means for biologically transforming at least a portion of the CO2 from the cooled exhaust gas into hydrogen ions and carbonate ions; and - precipitation means for precipitating carbonated species from the carbonate ions.
16. A power plant as defined in claim 15, characterized in that said means for cooling the exhaust gas comprises a heat exchanger.
17. A power plant as defined in claim 15, characterized in that said biological means comprises a bioreactor including a reaction chamber filled with a biocatalyst capable of catalyzing the hydration of dissolved CO2 into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions.
18. A power plant as defined in claim 17, characterized in that the reaction chamber comprises:
- a liquid inlet for receiving an aqueous liquid;
- a gas inlet for receiving the cooled exhaust gas to be treated;
- a gas outlet for releasing a low CO2 gas; and - a liquid outlet for releasing a solution containing carbonate ions.
- a liquid inlet for receiving an aqueous liquid;
- a gas inlet for receiving the cooled exhaust gas to be treated;
- a gas outlet for releasing a low CO2 gas; and - a liquid outlet for releasing a solution containing carbonate ions.
19. A power plant as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the precipitating means comprises:
- a precipitation vessel to react said bicarbonate ions with metal ions and precipitate a carbonate of said metal.
- a precipitation vessel to react said bicarbonate ions with metal ions and precipitate a carbonate of said metal.
20. A power plant as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the biocatalyst is immobilized on solid supports packing the reaction chamber.
21. A power plant as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the biocatalyst is in suspension in an aqueous phase filling the reaction chamber.
22. A power plant as defined in claim 21, characterized in that the biocatalyst is free in said liquid phase, immobilized on solid supports or entrapped inside a solid matrix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2499264A CA2499264C (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2003-09-29 | A process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002405635A CA2405635A1 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2002-09-27 | A process and a plant for the production of useful carbonated species and for the recycling of carbon dioxide emissions from power plants |
| CA2,405,635 | 2002-09-27 | ||
| CA2499264A CA2499264C (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2003-09-29 | A process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species |
| PCT/CA2003/001496 WO2004028667A1 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2003-09-29 | A process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2499264A1 true CA2499264A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
| CA2499264C CA2499264C (en) | 2011-04-12 |
Family
ID=34620950
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2499264A Expired - Lifetime CA2499264C (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2003-09-29 | A process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2499264C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009015051A1 (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-01-29 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for integrating conversion of hydrocarbonaceous assets and photobiofuels production using an absorption tower |
-
2003
- 2003-09-29 CA CA2499264A patent/CA2499264C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009015051A1 (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-01-29 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for integrating conversion of hydrocarbonaceous assets and photobiofuels production using an absorption tower |
| US8076122B2 (en) | 2007-07-25 | 2011-12-13 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for integrating conversion of hydrocarbonaceous assets and photobiofuels production using an absorption tower |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2499264C (en) | 2011-04-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20230929 |