CA2498218A1 - Catalyst for a fuel cell, method of manufacturing the same, and fuel cell - Google Patents

Catalyst for a fuel cell, method of manufacturing the same, and fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2498218A1
CA2498218A1 CA002498218A CA2498218A CA2498218A1 CA 2498218 A1 CA2498218 A1 CA 2498218A1 CA 002498218 A CA002498218 A CA 002498218A CA 2498218 A CA2498218 A CA 2498218A CA 2498218 A1 CA2498218 A1 CA 2498218A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
catalyst
fuel cell
group element
catalyst layer
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002498218A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2498218C (en
Inventor
Fumio Takei
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujitsu Ltd
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2498218A1 publication Critical patent/CA2498218A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2498218C publication Critical patent/CA2498218C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/18—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0215—Coating
    • B01J37/0221—Coating of particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/16—Reducing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
    • H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
    • B01J35/23—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

A novel catalyst for a fuel cell, which comprises an electroconductive carri er and a Pt group element being attached on the surface of the carrier in such a manner that the surface is covered with the Pt group element; and a method f or preparing the catalyst which comprises providing a mixture of a Pt group element compound an electroconductive carrier in the state of a gel or a hig h viscous material, reducing the Pt group element compound, and firing the resulting product, to form a catalyst layer comprising the Pt group element. A catalyst comprising an electroconductive carrier and a Pt group element bein g attached on the surface of the carrier has been used conventionally. The reaction rate on the surface of the catalyst has a direct effect on the electric current and thus on the efficiency of power generation, and accordingly, a catalyst capable of achieving a high reaction rate, or a catalyst having a great specific surface area has been required. However, conventional catalyst preparation methods have problems such as one that the y have provided a catalyst having particles of a Pt group element attached on an electroconductive carrier only in a dispersal state but no catalyst having particles of the Pt group element attached on the carrier in such a manner that whole the surface ofthe carrier is covered with such particles, and thu s they have failed to provide a catalyst having a great specific surface area.

Claims (19)

1. A catalyst for a fuel cell, comprising:
a conductive carrier; and a catalyst layer formed to cover the conductive carrier and formed of Pt, Ru, or a Pt-based alloy.
2. The catalyst for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
metal particulates formed of Pt, Ru, or a Pt-based alloy dispersed on a surface of the catalyst layer.
3. The catalyst for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the conductive carrier is conductive carbon particles.
4. The catalyst for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that BET values of the carbon particles range from 100 m2/g to 2000 m2/g.
5. The catalyst for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the Pt-based alloy employs Pt as a principal component and includes a Pt group element other than Pt.
6. The catalyst for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a specific surface area according to pulse CO adsorption falls within a range of 200 m2/g to 5000 m2/g.
7. The catalyst for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the catalyst layer is 0.5 nm to 20 nm in thickness.
8. A method of manufacturing a catalyst for a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
reducing a compound of a Pt group element in a mixture in a gel or highly viscous state, the mixture including a solution including the compound of the Pt group element and a conductive carrier;
and forming a catalyst layer on a surface of the conductive carrier by burning, the catalyst layer being formed of the Pt group element.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, characterized by further comprising the step of causing particulates formed of a Pt group element to precipitate on a surface of the catalyst layer.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the gel state is realized with a gel material and a gelatinizer.
11. The method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the compound of the Pt group element is a Pt compound; is a Ru compound; or employs a Pt compound as a principal component and includes a compound of a Pt group element other than Pt.
12. The method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that a viscosity falls within a range of 10 cps to 1×10 4 cps in the highly viscous state.
13. A fuel cell, comprising:
a solid electrolyte membrane; and a fuel electrode and an air electrode having the solid electrolyte membrane sandwiched therebetween, characterized in that:
the fuel electrode and the air electrode each include a collector and a catalyst layer; and one of the catalyst layers of the fuel electrode and the air electrode includes a catalyst, the catalyst having a conductive carrier and a catalyst layer formed to cover the conductive carrier and formed of Pt, Ru, or a Pt-based alloy.
14. The fuel cell as claimed in claim 13, further characterized by comprising:
metal particulates formed of Pt, Ru, or a Pt-based alloy on a surface of the catalyst layer.
15. The fuel cell as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the conductive carrier is conductive carbon particles.
16. The fuel cell as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that BET values of the carbon particles range from 100 m2/g to 2000 m2/g.
17. The fuel cell as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the Pt-based alloy employs Pt as a principal component and includes a Pt group element other than Pt.
18. The fuel cell as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that a specific surface area according to pulse CO adsorption falls within a range of 200 m2/g to 5000 m2/g.
19. The fuel cell as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the catalyst layer is 0.5 nm to 20 nm in thickness.
CA2498218A 2002-09-19 2003-07-10 Catalyst for a fuel cell, method of manufacturing the same, and fuel cell Expired - Lifetime CA2498218C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002273176A JP4617053B2 (en) 2002-09-19 2002-09-19 Catalyst for fuel cell, method for producing the same, and fuel cell
JP2002-273176 2002-09-19
PCT/JP2003/008802 WO2004027904A1 (en) 2002-09-19 2003-07-10 Catalyst for fuel cell, method for preparation thereof and fuel cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2498218A1 true CA2498218A1 (en) 2004-04-01
CA2498218C CA2498218C (en) 2011-05-17

Family

ID=32024948

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2498218A Expired - Lifetime CA2498218C (en) 2002-09-19 2003-07-10 Catalyst for a fuel cell, method of manufacturing the same, and fuel cell

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4617053B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100377400C (en)
CA (1) CA2498218C (en)
DE (2) DE10393310B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2004027904A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008041498A (en) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-21 Sharp Corp Method of manufacturing catalyst support body for polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell
JP6818288B2 (en) * 2015-06-16 2021-01-20 国立大学法人東北大学 Platinum group-supported catalyst and its manufacturing method
KR102110659B1 (en) * 2017-09-12 2020-05-14 주식회사 엘지화학 Carrier-nano particles complex, catalyst comprising the same and method for fabricating the same
WO2019054722A1 (en) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-21 주식회사 엘지화학 Support-nanoparticle composite, catalyst containing same, and fabrication method therefor
KR102188587B1 (en) * 2019-04-01 2020-12-08 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 Method of synthesizing transition metal single-atom catalysts

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56155645A (en) * 1980-05-06 1981-12-01 Hitachi Ltd Preparation of noble metal catalyst
JPS6348752A (en) * 1986-08-14 1988-03-01 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Manufacture of electrode for fuel cell
DE19534493A1 (en) * 1995-09-18 1997-03-20 Basf Ag Finely divided shell catalyst prepn.
DE19721437A1 (en) * 1997-05-21 1998-11-26 Degussa CO-tolerant anode catalyst for PEM fuel cells and process for its manufacture
DE19745904A1 (en) * 1997-10-17 1999-04-22 Hoechst Ag Water-soluble metal colloid solution, used as catalyst for fuel cells and electrolysis cells
DE19756880A1 (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-01 Degussa Anode catalyst for fuel cells with polymer electrolyte membranes
JP2000100448A (en) * 1998-09-24 2000-04-07 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Catalyst for polymer solid electrolyte fuel cell
JP2001093531A (en) * 1999-09-28 2001-04-06 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Solid polymer fuel cell and method for manufacturing electrode catalyst
JP2001357857A (en) * 2000-06-12 2001-12-26 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Solid high polymer type fuel cell and its manufacturing method
EP1164651A1 (en) * 2000-06-12 2001-12-19 Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Electrode catalyst for polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method for its production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1682395A (en) 2005-10-12
WO2004027904A1 (en) 2004-04-01
CA2498218C (en) 2011-05-17
DE10393310T5 (en) 2005-11-03
CN100377400C (en) 2008-03-26
JP2004111251A (en) 2004-04-08
DE10362173B4 (en) 2010-04-22
JP4617053B2 (en) 2011-01-19
DE10393310B4 (en) 2010-01-14

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