CA2466173A1 - Dc pulse electric generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention generally relates to a new method and apparatus for the creation of a DC
electric pulse involving the use of stationary magnets, including permanent magnets and electromagnets, stationary conductor coils and a magnetic shield that opens and closes magnetic gateways. When a magnetic gateway is opened, the magnetic flux penetrates the coil at differing proportions, creating a flow of electrons in the conductor. When the magnetic gateway is closed, the magnetic flux is conducted within the magnetic shield, thus avoiding the coil and no electricity is produced. This invention operated cold, is scaleable and produces no exhaust fumes or radiation, has extremely low or no losses commonly associated with the generation of electricity -commonly known as hysteresis losses, eddy currents, magnetic repulsion or drag, destructive back emf or excessive heat. The electric current is further inverted to AC current to match the electric grid's 50-60 HZ.

Description

TITLE l IhIVENTOR

BACKGROUND: FIELD OF TI3E INVENTION 3 OB.TECTS AND ADirANTAGES 4 SUN.~1;ARY OF THE INVENTION: GENERATOR 4 A DETAILED DESCR1P'TION OF THE 1NVENTION:

GENERATOR - PREFERRED E1~1BODIlI~IJENT 9 MOTOR lt3 1VIOTOR AND GENERATOR ~ 2 CONCLI,T,TSION 14 DRAWINGS SO

I3ACKG1~.(3Ul~D
~'aeld of the Invention An electric generator is a machine that converts any type of mechanical energy into electric energy. The source of motion can range from a windmill, a spitming turbine in moving water, steam produced from oil, coal, gas and biomass combustion, geothermal, and nuclear fission, gas and carbon-based fuel cells, hydrogen fuel cells, and a variety of generators, all comrerting chemical energy into mechanical energy and then into electricity, or directly into electricity. The conventional electrical generation technology is being presented here as a basis for comparison with our direct current (ACj pulse generator.
P'r~or Art A generator can be constructed in any size and can be fumed by any available means to produce electricity. Regardless of size, generators based on motion today all operate basically on the same practical principles as they did for many years. A conventional electric generator consists of two main parts, a rotor and a stator. The rotor is a disk or a cylinder, consisting of ceramic or alrrieo..type permanent magnets and coils made from copper wire wound on laminated iron poles. The stator includes coil windings, zuagnets, electro-magnets or their combination. When the rotor is rotated, the magnets cause electrical current to flow in the winding wires. There is no way to eliminate the following losses incurred within the conventional electric generator: hysteresis lasses, eddy currents, magnetic repulsion, or counter electromotive force 4em~~. Over the last century, many devices have been created to limit the erects of these forces, which include various brush and brushless designs, lots of copper windings, surge suppressors, high tech laser laminated silicon steel components, all of which heat up rapidly, and require the necessary cooling to keep the generators spinning and not melting. Further, a conventional generator requires a large infrastructure cost including internal combustion engines; turbines; large thermal generating plants using coanbustion of oil, gas, coal or biomass; chemical fuel cells; and nuclear reactors. In addition, one has to take into account the centralized nature of the grid necessary to caxry the power to the consumer of energy and .. .._. . ...,.._.. . ,_ .. .,vr=.. n . .r_~.,n ,a"~.. r ..,.~,tt~,~
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the by-product or by-products of the reaction process, including un~combusted fuel in the farm of smog, carbon dioxide and radiation.
Objets and Advantages This invention generally relates to a new method and apparatus for the generation of DC
electric pulses from permanent ~na~nets, in a ananner that is effcient and does not necessarily produce heat. Electricity that is produced is a result of the effective conversion of the energy normally contained and locked up within the magnetic flux of a magnet. This invention efficiently taps inta that magnetic flux without heat, radiation or any other detectable exhaust.
This invention eliminates or reduces the infrastructure casts associated with electrical power generation. Within the generator, it elimitnates hysteresis losses, eddy currents, magnetic repulsion or counter em~ Further, it creates little environmental impact with clean electricity its only product.
SUI~MAR~:' fJ~ TAE NVE:~ITIt~I~T
nerrator A DC pulse generator is available to provide a just-in-time power source that is overall portable. This invention, in the generator, does not spin the magnet ~0, including a permanent magnet and electro-magmet, and does not spin the coil ~2 physically, but does ei~ectively spin the magnetic field by opening and closing the magnetic field on the coil. It moves the magnetic pole along a magnetic circuit and when there, is a break in the magnetic circuit and when a coil is placed within that break, the magnetic flux energizes the coil, and electricity is produced. This break in the magnetic circuit is called a magnetic gateway ~7, which opens like a doorway allowing a magnetic flux wave to leave the closed magnetic circuit and radiate into the coil 22 as seen in Figure 3 and 4. The coil gains energy from the point that the magnetic gateway opens until the magnetic gateway closes. This magnetic energy and the corresponding electrical energy peaks in intensity when the magnetic gateway or doorway opens totally and then decreases in intensity as the nr~axgnetic gateway is closing, as seen in Figure 19. When the gateway is totally shut, as scen in Figure 2, the current inside the coil drops to near zero, with a residual remaining period of partial energization, comparable to dawn or dusk light from the sun.
Although the motor does produce electricity, the generator is much better at doing that and does so without heat typically experienced in such devices. By having two components using the new technology, one for motion and the other for electric generation, one maximizes their advantages.
ll~otor This invention, in the motor as seen in Figures 9-1 ~, in practice, appears to move a magnetic pole around a closed path, never approaching another magnet. By placing magnets of opposite polarity alternately along the face of a rotor or disk 30 as seen in Figure 14, the magnetic flux lines would join from each of the opposing and adjacent magnets.
~y keeping the magnets 2Q as seen in Figure 12 on the rotor or disk 30 an even number, and the electro-magnets 3? a different number as seen in Figure 14, there would never be any alignment of magnets on the electro-magnets that are pulsing with the same polarity as the magnets on the razor, propelling it farward. As the magnet 20 approaches an electro-magnetic coil 3?, the ehctro-magnetic coil is neutral in polarity with no repelling action so that there is no drag to the motive force. As the magnet starts to leave the electro-magnetic coil, the electro-magnetic coil is energized and reasrhes maximum polarity that matches the polarity of the passing permanent magnet, forcing the magnet away fiom the electro-magnetic core coil. As the electro-magnetic core coil is de-energized, and its magnetic field is collapsing, then the next approaching magnet of the disk, having the opposite polarity, is drawn to that collapsing magnetic field, accelerating, as ogposite magnetic poles attract. As the next magnet 20 arrives to the eleCtro-magnet 3?, the magnetic sensor 36 activates the current in the electro-magnet and forces the now nearly aligned magnet to be repelled with the same polarity. This pulsing has to occur at no longer than a 20-millisecond irnerval and is long enough to energize the coil to be an effective electro-magnet.
When the disk 34 is operating faster than the electro-magnet 3? can charge itself then the electro-magnets fire less often, skipping the opposite polarity operation, and they fire out further along the radius of the disk 30 than when the disk is operating at a slower speed, as seen in Figure 12. This arrangement is like gears in a transmission. Inside diameter eleCtro-magnets are activated for slower spuds and the outside electro-magnets are activated for faster speeds with maximum energy being produced. This ability to control the speed based on the electrical demand is unique to this technology and is its essential element.
In a further embodiment, the invention, in the motor, may further comprise utilization of the passing magnetic fields to generate electricity by placing Coils 22 along the entire face of the structural wall 3~ as seen in Figure 1~, except where the electro-magnets 3T
and magnetic sensors 36 are located. This electricity has a square wave characteristic that varies around a DC
reference Level. 'then diodes are utilized, DC current is created. This electricity powers, in part, the battery that creates the initial pulse to activate the electro-magnets of the motor.
Finally, the internal controls comprise the switching circuit that turns the electro-n~:agnet coals on and off at the appropriate times, as seen in Figure 18. This is necessary in order to redirect any back emf from the conductor and to re-channel it into the proper direction of the current Flow, eliminating any potential eddy current in the conductor. This prevents the buitdup of resistive magnetic forces that buck the motor through back emf and creates vibration and reduces its output. This switching circuit uses a power Mt3SFET, a transistor, a diode and similar technology, based on the speed of the operation, and the power and alignment of the electronic circuitry. This gives the DC pulse generator virtually zero rotor drag, and virtually all of the magnetic and motive force is fumed directly into usable electrical energy.
The DC pulse generator oflfers Levels of performance unattainable with conventional generators through greater energy e~tciency, unproved operational flexibility, reduced size and weight, and lower Life-cycle cost.
To summarize, the DC pulse generator offers the following adva.~ages over conventional generators: simple loss less construction; no coils on the rotor;
no brushes; no power loss within the rotating parts; smaller copper windings; compact design;
light weight;
operates cold; high power density with some larger models having over 20 Kilowatts ~KW~ of electricity per cubic foot; minimal resistance losses; little to no heating efFect of current; no armature windings; minimal field windings; no brushes or brush contacts; no core losses due to hysteresis; no armatures; no eddy currents in the armature, i~erna! components and pole faces;
minimal mechanical losses due to bearing friction, brush friction and windage losses where ... ...... ..., ....." ., _......". . ..... , ...... , ,...., , r.:,;ty ", try.,.p.....a,i,.5 .'F.,~A..a:,;,vA1",. , W .,.,r... w - a . " .... m ,....,e..w-.-..-..m" ~,~..,.".,~.,...... ,.... ... . ..... _ ......,...
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friction is created between moving parts and air, as the only moving pang is a plate-shaped shield and axle; no stray toads caused by the eddy currents in the armature conductors; no short-circuits in the coil undergoing commutation, pulsations in magnetic flux in various parts, or any distortion ofthe magnetic flux.
The uniqueness of this DC pulse generator is that the power it produces can be tied into standard industrial power equipment, including inverters and then transformers. In the alternative, DC or AC/DC powered motors attached to conventional alternating current (AC) generators produce a large variety of conventional power generation options.
Figure 19 illustrates how this DC pulse generator generates DC power and then this power is converted to AC power in an inverter whose function is to convert DC to AC. The output of the inverter is then fed to a transformer, which can be used for a step-up or a step-down voltage and has a further advantage of sanoothing out any non-sinusoidal waveform irregularities.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVEIIAL VIE'~VS OF ~°HE D~VII~1GS
These and other features of the invention will tae more apparent from the following description in which reference is made to the appended drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic embodiment of the generator and motor operating as a unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a closed magnetic circuit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a partly opened and partly closed magnetic circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of an open magnetic circuit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the magnetic shield showing two magnetic gateways;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross section ofthe magnetic shield showing laminations;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the conductor coil;
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the conductor coil;
FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the magnetic plate of the permanent magnet embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of the magnetic plate of the electromagnetic embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic end view of the magnetic plate of the permanent magnet embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of the magnetic motor plate;
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross section view of the magnetic motor plate;
FIG. 14 is a schematic side view of the structural wall of the motor;
FIG. 15 is a schematic end view of the structural wall of the motor;
FIG. 16 is a schematic partial cross section view of the axle with magnetic bearings;
FIG. 17 is a schematic representation of the electrical circuit of the generator;
FIG. I 8 is a schematic representation of the electrical circuit of the motor;
and FIG. 19 is a schematic analysis of the output wave data from a typical operating DC pulse generator.

A DETAILED DESCRIPTION (~F TIDE INVENTI~N
Generator - Frefen~ed Embodianeat In the following description, the corresponding elements of the preferred embodiment are Shawn in each figure of the drawings and are given the same reference number. The major components of the DC pulse generator is the application of a magnetic gateway or gateways 27 as demonstrated in Figures 2, 3 and 4 as it is incorporated into a magnetic shield ~6 that spins, as presented in Figures 5 and Via. tin either side of the magnetic shield is a magnetic plate 21 and an electrical conductor coil 22.
~n cane side of this spinning magnetic shield 2b is a stationary plate 2~
composed of at least one permanent magnet 2~ or at least fine electro-magnet 37 as demonstrated in Figures 9 and 1 a. In the embodiment that uses electro-magnets in the magnetic shield, the electro-magnet or magnets are continuously energized and in another, the electro-magnets are pulsed with energy.
On the other side of the spinning magnetic shield 26 is a stationary conductor coil 22 as demonstrated in Figures '~ and 8. ~y spinning this magnetic shield 26 with its built-in magnetic gateway Z'7 or gateways, this invention does not spin the magnet 20 nor the coil 22 physically but does effectively spin the magnetic field by opening and closing it upon the coil. When a magnetic gateway 27 opens, upon alignment of the hole in the magnetic shield with the coif 22, an electric current is generated within the coil conductors. The coil gains energy from the point that the magnetic gateway opens until the magnetic gateway closes. The energy peaks in intensity when the gateway or doorway opens totally and then decreases in irntensity as the gateway is closing, as seen in Figure 3. When the ,gateway is totally shut, the current inside the coil drops to near zero, with a certain period of partial energixation when there is a lingering magnetic field.
Generator - Another E~nhodiment To arrive at this invention, over 5,04i~ models were manufactured and statistics were compiled. These include another group of embodiments loosely classified as electro-magnetic plated generators. Here, the permanent magnet sheet or plate 21. is replaced with electro-magnets. These electro-magnets are wound in such a manner that inside them there are grooved coils with a circulating refrigerant or coolant. The space around the coils is failed with a thermally conductive material. Further, the polarity is such that one side of the electro-magnet coil is a north pole and the other is a south pole. It is most preferable to have the electro-magnet coils as close as possible to 90 degrees to the direction of the winding of the coils that produce electricity.
Motor The major components of the DC pulse generator's variable speed permanent magnet -electro-magnet motor are a rotating plate or disk 30 that has magnets ~~
embedded within it, as demonstrated in Figures 12 and 13. These magnets have alternating polarities.
Here in the motor, a magnetic pole seems to move around a closed path. I3y placing magnets of opposite polarity alternating along the face of a rotor, the magnetic flux lines would join from each o~ the opposing and adjacent magnets. The other major component is the structural wall 32 and its components, as demonstrated ire Figure 14 and 15. There is a different number of electro-magnet coils compared to the even number of permanent magnets Located on the rotating rotor or disk 3a, and the electro-magnets are pieced equidistantly along the structural wall. These electro-magnets are normally not charged. As the magnet approaches an electro-magnetic coil, the electro-magnetic coil is neutral in polarity with no repelling action so that theme is no drag to the motive force, and as the magnet starts to leave the electro-magnetic tail, the electro-magnetic coil is energized with a like polarity, forcing the magnet away from the electro-magnetic core coil. t~s the electxo-magnetic core coil is de-energized, and its magnetic field is collapsing, then the next approaching magnet of the disk, having the opposite polarity, is drawn to that collapsing field, accelerating, as opposite magnetic poles attract. As the next magnet arrives at the electra-magnet, the magnetic sensor 36 activates the current in the electro-magnet 3'~ and forces the now nearly aligned magnet to be repelled with tho same polarity from the electro-magnet. This pulsing has to occur at Less than a 2t>--millisecond time duration and no Longer than it takes to energize the coil, and usually no more than 10-milliseconds, and if3 preferably close to I-millisecond, to be an effective electro-magnet. 'The voltage and the thickness of the conductor have to be adjusted to arrive at the appropriate design.
There are at least 6 speeds in which a magnetic motor having three rings of permanent magnets can efficiemly operate. Initially, the innermost ring of magnets and electro-magnets ogerate, fir'sng at every passing of the magnet. When the disk is operating faster than the electro-magnet can charge itself, then the electro-magnets fire every second magnet, skipping the opposite polarity operation, and this is the second speed. If the operation speed is even greater, the next set of electro-magnets, which are located farther out towards the outside of the radius of the wheel, are fired. These magnets have a greater distance between the magnets, allowing the electro-magnet to recover its neutral polarity before being re-energized. This is the third speed. When the disk is operating faster than the electro-magnet can charge itself then the electro-magnets Errs every second magnet, skipping the opposite polarity operation, and this is the fourth speed. If the operation speed Is even greater, the next set of electro-magnets, which are located still farther out towards the outside of the radius of the wheel are bred. These magnets have even a greater distance between the magnets, allowing the electro-magnet to recover its neutral palarity before being energized. This is the fifth speed.
When the disk is operating faster than the electro-magnet can charge itself, then the electro-magnets Errs every second magnet, skipping the opposite polarity operation, and this is the sixth speed. Every time you add a row of ma$aets to the wheel and a row of corresponding electro-magnets to the structural wall, you create another two gears, allowing for two more speeds for the operation of the magnetic motor. This arrangement is like gears in a transmission. Inside, electro-magnets are activated for slower speeds and the outside electra-magnets are activated for faster speeds.
This ability to control the speed based on the demand for the power produced is unique to this invention. As the current being drawn from the D~ pulse generator increases, there will be a slight drop in voltage, and this slight drop in voltage makes the generator react by increasing its speed of operation. The DC pulse generator can actually produce ~ to aver 3 times more power than the rated amoum as demand for the power peaks, eliminating the need for peaking power generators and plays. The term gear is merely for simplicity. There are no actual gears or other mechanical devices.

The major components of the DC pulse generator variable speed permanent magnet -electro-magnet motor is a further embodiment of the invention, that may fizrther allow the utilization of the passing magnetic fields to generate electricity by placing coils 22 as seen in Figure 7 and ~, along the entire face of the structural wall 32, except where the electro-magnets and sensors are located, as seen in Figure 1~ and 15. The electricity produced by these coils has a square wave characteristic and diodes are then used to create DC current.
This electricity powers, in part, the battery that creates the pulse to activate the elecbro-magnets of the motor.
Finally, the internal controls comprise the switching circuit, which turns the electro-magnet coils on and oflf at the appropriate times. This is necessary to redirect any back or counter emf by shutting it off from the conductor arid to re-channel it into the proper direction of the current flow, eliminating any potential eddy current. This prevents the buildup of forces that rock the motor through back emf and reduces its output. This switching circx~it, using a power MOSFET, a transistor, a diode or similar technology, based on the speed of the operation, and the power output and alignment of the electronic circuitry, gives the DC pulse generator virtually zero rotor drag, and virtually all of the motive force is turned directly into usable motion energy, spinning the magnetic shield.
The major components of the combined DC pulse generator variable speed permanent magnet - electro-magnet motor and DC pulse generator is an axle or shaft 31 as demonstrated m Figure 1~. This axle is connected to every structural wall with a magnetic bearing 34, which makes the axle Moat on more than 1-millimeter ~mm) of air and connects one or more permanent magnet - electro-magnet motors to the DC poise generator's spinning magnetic shield 2~. 'This shaft allows the offsetting of multiple magnetic shields, creating a variety of magnetic moments not possible in a single shield design. This shaft is suspended in air and is suspended by the repulsive forces of the magnets having the same polarity.
Mvtor and generator lFlysteresis losses are caused by moving magnetic fields in the iron alloy like steel or the iron containing core of a coil. As the magnetic flux field moves through the molecules in the iron core, the electrons and molecules begin to vibrate and then move, to chatter, colliding with . ._ .. _.......... "..,....-- . .."....... . ~v>.. _, .~ r..:c.su:..-x.2F,ay_;,ws.a6kGd..y~"~,m~~ -:~gt~.3'X(R.~%mp~<'Y,::aka fee .. w ,....,... -.. ., .. _ ......_...._ . .. . ... ... ., each other, as they orientate towards the magnetic flux. As the magnetic flux leaves any iran-based metal, the molecules of the iron metal have a memory of where the magnetic field was last oriented. This last orientation has to be re-oriented in a conventional generator because the next approaching magnet has its own filux waves thax the iron-based metal has to orient itself t~. This constant reorientation causes the iran~based metal to get hat, which in turn causes the entire motor to get hot, and after a certain point, the hotter it gets, the mare the magnetism decreases in the core windings or in the magnets themselves. This invention has na need fox iron-based manmade metals in the generator core as it is stationary and there are no hysteresis losses.
Eddy currents are created by moving magnetic fields, which cause the flow of current in a conducting wire. The current flows through the wire when there is a load an the generator, or when current is input into the windings of a motor. The moving magnetic field around the wires intersects with other wires and with the metals of the stator, rotor, nuts and bolts, and all items not insulated from the magnetic field, in which an electric current is induced to flow. This stray electrical current flaw produces additional heat and a secondary magnetic field that interferes with the primary current flow, impeding the primary current flow, thus robbing the motor or generator of some of its power. This is called eddy cau~-ent lass and an additional force has to be applied to overcome it. This eddy current Ioss can be reduced by eliminating as much of the conducting metal in the motor or generator as possible. Given the heat that is produced in the traditional generator iron-based metal cores of the windings, it is difficult to.eliminate Iran-based metal completely because it is the only material that can take the heat and the mechanical wear and tear. This invention eliminates mast of the metal as the coil is stationary and the magnetic field is constant with the rnagrietic gateway opening and closing it. Eddy currents are virtually eliminated and no eddy currents are detectible using Gammon measurement equipment. This imrention does not produce any lasses known as eddy currents.
There is another loss in generators, caused by the appraach of the coil to a magnet.
When a magnet moves close to or besides a coil, the magnet causes the coil to become an electro-magnet with the same polarity as the magnet. In magnetism, like poles repel each other and such repulsion causes significant drag on the rotor. The closer these magnets of the same poles approach each other, the harder they work at repelling; each other.
Generally, the stronger the magnets, the greater the repulsion. This magnetic repulsion or drag slows down the motion of the generator, making it more difficult to turn the rotor, which, of course, reduces the elective power output relative to the power input. Thus far, all generators and motors consume some mechanical torque just to continue spinning. This invention virtually eliminates magnetic drag.
i~Vhen a magnetically created or induced current is br~ken, there is a collapse of the associated magnetic field within the conductor wire, which causes the electrons to move in the opposite direction. This is called back emf and the motor and generator industry has devised numerous devices to do something with this destructive current. This invention eliminates the destructive power of hack emf and harnesses it into productive output from the generator.
~onclnsion This invention creates electricity from permanent magnets through permanently stationary conductor coils and permanently stationary magnets and uses a magnetic gateway located on a rotating magnetic shield to create electricity while the DC pulse machine operates cold and without typical losses commonly associated with the generation of electro-magnetic el~tricity. The DC pulse generator operates in a manner that creates no hysterisis losses, no eddy currents, no emf and no magnetic drab. Further, there are no emissions from the normal operations of the generator. 'The basic components of the generator are stationary coils, a stationary magnetic plate and a moving magnetic shield with magnetic ,gateways in between the magnets and coils. A source of motion is an e~cient variable speed permanent magnet -~lectro.~magnet motor, which combines a spinning plate with embedded magnets and stationary electro-magnets and sensors located along the stationary walls. , The electro-magnets are energized for under 20.milliseconds and repulse the passing magnets embedded in the plate creating motion. The energy source for the motor is a battery. This generator resulted from over S,OOq test models and 6 years ofresearch.
The uniqueness of this DC pulse generator is that the power it produces can be tied into standard industrial power equiprnem, including inverters and then transformers. In the alternative, DC or ACIDC powered motors attached to conventional AC generators produce a 1~

large variety of conventional power generation options, These varied options are what enables the DC pulse generator to power the energy needs globally ita an infinite variety of sizing options, ranging from small appliances, computers, homely commercial and industrial applications and regional power requirements. These can be operated in a variety of power grids or without power grids.
1~

TABLE
The DC pulse generator invention acts like a magnetic power celt, pumping electricity out of the ma~etic flux found in permanent magnets.
1~esfgn A:
Test 1 Bus Bar Power Output for Design A (This Bus Bar is powered by one power lead (2 total leads) from 62 coils and uses 31 magnets and the speed of magnetic shield rotation is 4200 RPM, operating horizontally) Exterior Ambient Temperature: 4~.0 C

Average Temperature of Coil Cores: ~~6.6 C

Average Temperature of Bus Bars: 49.8 C

Test After Reaching Ambient Temperature30 Minutes for:

Bus Bat Power Output:

Actual Output per bus bar in Hertz: t 2,460 half cycles/seccmd Output Individual Wave Shape: parabolic IT shape Output Combined Elective Hertz: Direct Current (DC) Voltage (ta transfo~merlinverter): i2.9V

Amperage (to transfortner/inverter): '~~$~2A

Wattage computed at bus bar: 10I,294W

'Test 2 Bus Bar Power Output for Design A
('This Bus Bar is powered by one power Iead (2 total leads) from 62 coils and uses 31 magnets and the ration is 4204 RPM, operating speal of magnetic shield horizontally) Exterior Ambient Temperature: -27.0 C
Average Temperature of Coil Cores: -28.0 C
Average Temperature of Bus Bars: -24. ~ C
Test After Reaching Ambient Temperature for: ~0 Minutes Bus Bar Power Output:
Actual Output per bus boar in Hertz: 12,460 half cycles/second Output Individual Wave parabolic U shape Shape:

Output Combined Elective Direct Caerrec~t Hertz: (DC) Voltage (to transformerlinverter):12.9V

Amperage (to transfonnerlinverter):11,385A

Wattage computed at bus 14b,8T~V
bar:

Test 3 Bus Bar Power Output for Design ~. ('This Bus Bar is powered by one power lead (2 total leads) from 62 coils and uses 31 magnets and the speed of magnetic shield rotation is 3b00 RPM, operating horizontally) Exterior Ambient Temperature: 48.0 C
Average Temperature of Coil Cores: ~.6.'~ C
Average Temperature of Bus Bars: 49.9 C

Test After Reaching Ambit Temperature~0 Minutes for:

Bus Bar Power Output:

Actual Output per bus bar in Hertz: :10,680 half cycleslsecond Output individual Wave Shape: parabolic U shape Output Combined Ei~ective Hertz: Direct Current (DC) Voltage (to transfozmerfimrerter): 12.9V

Amperage (to tiansformerlinverter): 7,01 lA
Wattage computed at bus bar: 90,442W
Test 4 Bus Bar Power Output for Design A (This Bus Bar is powered by one power lead (2 total leads) frown b2 coils and uses 31 magnets and the speed of magnetic shield rotation is X600 RPM, operating horizontally) Exterior Ambient Temperature: -27.0 C
Average Temperature of Coil Cores: -?8.1 C
Average Temperature of Bus Bars: -24.4 C
Test After Reaching Ambient Temperature far: ~0 Minutes Bus Bar Power Output:
Actual Output per bus bar in Hertz: 10,b80 half cycles/second Output Individual Nave Shape: parabolic U shape Output Combined Effective Herkz: l3irect Current (DC) Voltage (ta transformerlinverter): 12.9V
Amperage (to transfarmer/inverter): 10,165A
Wattage computed at bus bar: l ~ 1,140W
Test 5 Bus Bar Power Output for Design A (This Bus Bar is powered by one power lead {2 total leads) from G2 coils and uses 31 magnets and the speed of magnetic shield rotation is 3000 RPM, operating horizontally) Exterior Arrabie~ Temperature: 4~.0 C

Average Temperature of Coil Cores: 46.5 C

Average Temperature of Bus Bars: x.9.7 C

Tc~t After Reaching Ambient Temperature30 Minutes for:

Bus Bar Power Output:

Actual Output per bus bar in Hertz: &,900 half cyelesls~d Output individual Wave Shape: parabolic l.T shape Output Combined Effective Hertz: Direct Current (IBC) Voltage (to transformerlinverter): 1Z.9V

Amperage (to transformerlinverter): ~.,206A

Wattage computed at bus bar: 54,265W

Test 6 Bus Bar Power Output for Design A
(This Bus Bar is powered by one power lead (2 total leads) from coils and uses 31 magnets and the rotation is 30013 RPM, operating speed of magnetic shield horizontally) Exterior ,Ambient Temperature: 2'7.0 C

Average 'Temperature of Coil Cores: 28.1 C

Average Temperature of Bus Bars: -.24.4 C

Test After Reaching Ambie~ Temperature~0 Minutes for:

Bus Bar Power Output:

Actual Output per bus bar in Hertz: 8,900 half cycles/second Output lndnvidua;i Wave Shape: parabolic 1J shape f?utput Combined Effective HCertz: l3ireGt Current {DC) Voltage {to transformerlinverter): ~.9V

Amperage (to ixansformer/inverter): 6,099A
1$

Wattage computed at bus bar: '7~,6~4'~' Dessigar B:
Test 1 Bus Bar Power Output for Desiga~ B (This Bus Bar is powered by one power lead (2 total leads) from I I4 coils and uses S7 magnets and the speed of magnetic shield is 420 RPM, operating horizontally) Exterior Ambie~ Temperature: 4~.t3 C
Average Temperature of Coil Cores: 4~.5 C
Average Temperature of Bus Bars: 49.7 C
Test After Reaching Ambient Temperature for: 3Minutes Bus Bar Power Output:
Actual Output per bus bar 24,22~ half cycles/seccand in I-~ertz:

Output Individual Wave parabolic; U shape Shape:

Output Combined Effective Direct Current (DC) I~ertz:

Voltage (to transformer/iaverter):12.9V

Amperage (to transforrner/inverter):12, I'~OA

Wattage computed at bus I ~7,0~0~7 bar:

Test Z
Bus Bar Power Output for Design B (This Bus Bar is powered by one power lead (2 total leads) from I 14 coils and uses 5? magnets and the speed of is shield is X12(10 RPM, operating horizontally) Exterior Ambient Temperature: -27.~ C
Average Temperature of Coil Cores: -2~.1 C
Average Temperature of Bus Bars: -24.9 C
Test After Iteaclung Ambient Temperature for: 3fl Minutes Bus Bar Power Output:
Actual Output per bus bar in I~ertz: 2~.,22~ half cycles/second Output individual Wave Shape: parabolic U shape Output Combined Effective i<iertz: Direct Current {DC) Voltage (to transforrnerlinverter): 12.9V
Amperage (to transformerlinverter): 1,7~~A
Wattage computed at bus bar: 242,34'lVt~

_.__.n_ _..____. .... ,.. .~ _. _. ~. . ,~,~.,.~~~x~~.~~.~_~~ . ~.__ __~ ___ __.__ ___ __ l~e'Sigri C:
Test Bus Bar Power Output for Design C (This Bus Bar is powered by one power Dead (2 total leads) from 236 coils and uses 1 I8 magnets and the of etie shield is 4200 RPNI, operating horizontally) Exterior Ambient Temperature: 48.0 C

Average Temperature Of Coll Cores: 46.6 C

Average Temperature of Bus Bars: 49.8 C

Test After Reaehin~ Ambient Temperature30 lVlinutes for:

Bus Bar Power Output:

Actual Output per bus bar in I~er~z:1 'f 1,000 half cycles/second Output Individual ~'ave Shape: parabolic U shape Output C;ombin~ Effective hertz: Direct Current (I3C) Voltage (to transforlnerlinverter): 48.8V

Amperage (to transformer/inverter): 1.5,230A.
~Vatta~e computed at bus bar: 'Y43,224'~
Test 2 Bus Bar Power Output for I7esi~n C ('This Bus Bar is powered by one power Lead (2 total leads) from 236 coils and uses 1 i 8 magnets and the speed of magnetic shield is 4200 R.PM, operating horizontally) Exterior Ambient Temperature: -27.0 C
Average Temperature of Coil Cores: -28.1 C
Average Temperature of Bus Bars: r24.9 C
Test After l~eaehing Ambient Temperature for: 30 Minutes Bus Bar Power Output:
Actual Output per bus bar in . 1? 1,000 half cyeleslsecond Output Individual ~'ave Shape: parabolic d3 shape Output Combined Effective flel'tz: Direct Current (DC) Voltage (to transforlnerfinverCer): 48.7V
Amperage (to transformerfinverter): 23,454A
Wattage computed at bus bar: l., I42,220W
zc~

The following qualitative observations were made:
1. The data in Table 1 clearly indicate that there is a dirt relationship between the temperature and the output of the generator. 'That relationship is that for approximately every 8 degree ~ change in temperature, there is a corresponding change of 5% in power output. This we estimate to be similar to the resistance of copper used as a conductor.

2. The data in Table 1 clearly indicates that the largest determiner of output is the number of coils and magnets, with speed of rotation of the generator being a smaller and less direct determiner of output.
The terms and expressions which have been employed in this specification are used as terms of description and not of limitations, and there is no inte~ion in the use of such terms and expressions to exclude any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims.
2t DESCRIPTION
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
A. A DC pulse generator that it a generator of electro magnetic electricity comprising of a) A stationary magnet 20, including a permanent magnet, an electro-magnet, a series of stationary magnets and electro-magnets located side by side, in an arrangement including being equidistant from each other, radiating around a center and not equidistant from each other;
b) Said stationary permanent magnet is bonded with materials 25 comprising of i) non austenitic metal ii) non electrically conducting material including glass and plastic iii} adhesives iv} ceramics v) containing filler materials comprising fibers, strands, mats, cloths vi) composite laminations of any such above material components wherein said material is molded or shaped into a flat plate comprising a permanent magnetic plate or sheet;
c) Said magnetic plate 21 is comprised of i) permanent magnets with the polarity of the magnets facing towards the outside two faces of the plate, ii) with each pernzanent magnet having the center of the magnet's polarity centered in the middle of the largest face of the magnet, iii) in the embodiment using electro-magnet(s), the electro-magnets remain charged and polarized in a similar manner to (i) above, iv) in the embodiment using electro-magnets}, the electro-magnets in the magnetic plate are oriented close to g0 degrees to the coils of embodiment B below;

wherein said permanent magnetic plate has the magnets charged to have a homogeneous polarity facing each way out from the plate surface.
B. ~I .~C pulse ger~erutor tl~a~ is a gencra~or of electro-magnetic electricity comprising o,~:
a} A stationary coyl 2~ made from a conductor including copper with an electrical insulation coating made with a highly electrically resistive material including AIN (Aluminum Nitride) matrix, resins, polymers or other plastics coating the conductor, with a thickness ranging from .Olmm to over l..c~nnn, with said conductor wound around a core;
b) A cure 23 made frown materials comprising of an iron (~ej and non iron containing material, separated electronically and magnetically into free spinning molecules, and are amorphous whereby the material is magnetically oriented when a magnetic field is present and is randomly oriented when a magnetic field is absent;
c} A meci~anacat fastenea° 24~ secures said core to a backing material comprising a structural wall with such a mechanical fastener comprising of i} non austenitic metal ii} non electrically conducting material including glass and plastic iii) adhesives iv) ceramics v) containing filler materials comprising fibers, strands, mats, cloths vi) composite laminations of any such above material components wherein said material is molded or shaped into a variety of forms all comprising mechanical fasteners;
d} A structural wail 32 is made from backing plate material comprising of:
i} non austenitic metal ii) non electrically conducting material including glass and plastic iii} adhesives iv) ceramics v} containing filler materials comprising fibers, strands, mats, cloths vi) composite laminations of any such above material components whereby said material is molded and shaped into a flat plate comprising a structural wall;
e) The coil has two or more wire leads and each wire is connected to a separate bus bar;
f) Said stationary core sits directly adjacent to the stationary magnet, separated by a distance of not less than 0.01millimeter and not more than ZOS stars.
A ~7C' p~slse gene~°cxtor tl~rxt is a gene~°ator~ of electro-mc~grceti~ electricity ~omp~ising of a) A magnetic shield 26;
b) Said magnetic shield is located between the coils with cores and the magnets in the magnetic plate;
c) Said magnetic shield is fiat, shaped, like a disk and spins with and is secured to an axle;
d) Said magnetic shield is comprised of one or more non electrically conducting and magnetically conducting or etically permeable materials ~g that have the ability to stop the magnetic flux of the magnet from reaching the soil and core. Said materials contain layers of metals and non metals, with the metals having the following characteristics and comprising oI°
i) Metal one is an iron metal alloy having Nickel (~Ti) comprising not less than 70 percent, Molybdenum {Mo) comprising not less than ~ percent and Copper {Cu) comprising not less than 0.0~ percent;
ii) Metal two is an iron metal alloy having Nickel {Ni) comprising not less than 46 percent;
iii) Metal three is an iron metal alloy having Iron {~e) comprising not less than 97 percent and Carbon {C) comprising not more than O.OS percent;
iv) Metal four is a Silver containing metal alloy having silver {Ag) comprising not less than 97 percent;
v) Metal five is a aqueous solution containing various metals, in which Silver {Ag) comprising not less than 0.001 percent solids and not more than 97 percent solids, Nickel {Ni) comprising not less than 0.001 percent solids and not more than 97 percent solids, Copper {CIA comprising not less than O.OOI percent solids and not more than 97 percent solids, Carbon {C) comprising not less than 0.001 percent solids and not more than 37' percent solids, Silver (A~) comprising not less than ~.(141 percent solids and not more than 97 percent solids, and may contain one or more of the following elemenxs: Carbon (C), Cerium (Ce), Dysprosium (~y), Erbium (Er), Europium (Eu), Caadolinium (C~d), H:ohnium (HIo), I~ydrogen ~, Iron (Fe), Lanthanum (La), Molybdenum (Mo), hl-eodymium (Nd), Niobium (l~lb), Nitrogen (1°~, Oxygen (C1), Phosphate (~), Potassium (I~.), Praseodymium (Pr), Promethium (Pm), Samarium (Sm), Suifur (S), Terbium (Tb), Thulium (Tm), Tin (Sn), Titanium (Ti), ~'tterbium (Yb), Yttrium (Y), Zinc (Zn), Zirconium (fir), all may comprise not less than 0.0001 percent solids and not more than ~7 percent solids;
vi) lVletal six is an iron metal alloy having Nickel (Ni) comprising not Less than '70 percent, Molybdenum (Mo) comprising less than 5 percent and Copper (Cu) comprising not less than 1 percent;
vii) Any other highly magnetically conductive material known as a highly magnetically permeable or magnetically conductive material;
e) Said magnetic shield is composed of I or more of the materials listed in C
(d) above and is laminated with a plastic based adhesive that cures at less than 300 degrees C and has a shear strength less than 27 thousand pounds per square inch (I~SI) and a very high electrical resistance value;
f~ Said magnetic shield layers are not less than ~ nanometers thick and not more than IO..
millimeter in thickness;
g) Said magnetic shield Ia3~ers are treated and allowed to develop characteristic properties prior to lamination;
h) Said magnetic shield layers tray be treated by metal (d) (iv) in nanometer particles increasing their ef~'ectiveness;
i) Said magnetic shield layers may be treated by an aqueous metal solution as in (d) (v) in nanometer thicknesses increasing their effectiveness;
~) Said magnetic shield metals work better if no metal touches another metal and are separated by a layer of adhesive plastic material, at least 2 manometers thick and no thicker than I O-millimeters;
2~

k) Said magnetic shield has holes through it called a magnetic gateway 27;
1) Said magnetic shield has holes through it that match the shape ofthe magnet in motion;
m) Said holes in the magnetic shield are either open or filled with a magnetically indiflFerent material including plastic, glass, organic material, filler, fiber or ceramic matrixes or their combination;
n) Said magnetic shield operates best with the holes filled in solid and the entire wheel coated in a plastic layer with characteristics similar to that of ~'eflon ~9;
o) Said magnetic shield operates best when it is mechanically secured to an axle and electrically isolated from the axle;
p) Said magnetic shield operates smoother when the magnetic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as defined in C (d) and the material has holes in it which are shaped identical to the shape of the magnet in motion, with the entire face of a magnet being revealed at the front and hidden at the back edge of the magnet all at the same time, and the actual hole is more than 1 °/~ greater in all directions (length and width) than the magnet and less than 1 O l °/~
greater in all directions (length and width) than the magnet;
q) Said magnetic shield operates smoother when the magnetic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as defined in C (d) and the material defined in C
(d) i-vii is sandwiched or alternated in layers with non magnetic and non electrically conducting materials that act as adhesives, cementing the other layers together, and such adhesives are placed wet or uncured in a layer exceeding 2 nanometers in thickness;
r) Said magnetic shield operates smoother when the magnetic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as defined in C (d) and the material defined in C
(d) iv is applied to a metal layer of the magnetic shield which contains less than 1 percent lVlolybdenum (M~);
s) Said magnetic shield operates smoother when the magnetic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as def ned in C (d) and the materiaY defined in C
(d) iii is not used;
t) Said magnetic shield operates smoother when the magnetic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as defined in C (d) and the material defined in C
(d) iii is used an the layer furthest from the magnets;
u) Said magnetic shield operates smoother when the magnetic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as defined in C (d) and when there is a use of the material defined in C (d) iii, then the entire shield operates for a much longer period without oxidation if there is another material placed outside the material defined in ~ (d) iii and there is no exposure of this layer to air;
v) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger or said operation of the magnetic shield is smoother when the etic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as debned in C (d) and the material is flat and the thickness for any material does not exceeds 10-millimeters;
w) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger or said operation of the magnetic shield is smoother when the magnetic shield is made from more than one layer of materials as defined in C (d) and the material is flat and the thickness for any material is not less than 2 nanometers.
De A DC' pulse generator that as a generator of elec~rro-raaagnetic electricity carnprising of:
a) ~:n axle 31 to which the magnetic shield is mechanically connected;
b) Said axle and mechanical fasteners are made from material comprising of i) non austenitic metal ii) non electrically conducting material including glass and plastic iii) adhesives iv) ceramics v) containing filler materials comprising Fibers, strands, mats, cloths vi) composite laminations of any such above material components wherein said material is molded or shaped into a round shaft comprising an axle, all being not electrically conductive and not magnetically conductive;
c The magnetic shield is attached to an axle mechanically and with an adhesive, electrically isolating the shielding from the axle;
d The magnetic shield as attached to l~earangs that are made from magnetic material.
~9 D~ pulse generator that is a generator of eleetro-magnetic: electricity comprising of a) A anagnetic bearing 34;
b) Said magnetic bearing is conical in shape and is made of 2 components;
c) A magnetic bearing has a case that sits against the axle and another case that sits against the frame of the generator;
d) A magnetic bearing has a case that sits against the axle and another case that sits against the frame of the generator made f~°om a magnetically permeable material as defined in C (d);
e) Said magnetic bearing has a conieal shape Where one side ps taller or wider than the other side by double the distance of the gap between the two magnets;
f~ Said case is made from a magnetic shielding material as described in C
above;
g) Said magnetic bearing casing is filled with a magnetic ~~aterial;
h) Said magnetic bearing casing is filled with hTdFe~ sintered magnetic material;
i) Said magnetic bearing operates pith an air gap between the two cones;
j) Said magnetic bearing operates with a gap exceeding i mm between the two cones;
k) Said magnetic bearing is polarised with the inside diameter of the outside part and the outside diameter of the inside part being the same charge and both parts have north or south poles adjacent to each other;
1) Said magnetic bearing operates without friction as there are no parts that contact each other. The inside cone sits upon and is attached on the axle and the outside cone sits upon and is attached to the stationary frame;
m) Said magnetic bearings are set with cones facing each other or away from each other as you assemble the generator, providing edual force of repulsion along the axle or shaft.
~ DC pulse genercrto~ tlau~t is a gcner~atot~ ~f electra ~rrc~gn~tic elec~icity ccrmp~i~~ing of 2~

a) A, package protective shell 3~;
b) Said shell is composed of sheets of material comprising of i) non austenitic metal ii) non electrically conducting material including glass and plastic iiI) adheslveS
lv) Ceramics v) containing filler materials comprising fibers, strands, mats, cloths vi) composite laminations of any such above material components whereby said material is shaped or molded into a flat plate comprising a shell of the generator, all being not electrically conductive and not magnetically conductive;
c) Said shell is lined with one or more layers of magnetic shielding material as described in C (d) above and is specifically designed to shield the generator and the motor magnets from an external magnetic flux;
d) Said shell is covered in a layer of ceramic insulation S held in a polymer matrix which components have high emissive characteristics to absorb heat energy and redirect it in the direction it came from;
ej ~ne layer of the shell skin is an austenitic steel containing vanadium that has been reduced by cold rolling to produce a material that is no less than 1 millimeters thick and not more than 15 millimeters thick that has a rating exceeding 100KSI;
f) one layer of the shell is comprised from a fabric that absorbs high velocity impact and distributes it over a larger area;
g) Said operation of the generator is smoother when the shell of the box is sealed from any infiltration of air and is airtight;
h) Said operation of the generator is smoother when the shell of the box is sealed from any infiltration of air and is airtight annd has a mechanism to depressurize the box, allowing it to operate in partial vacuum;
i) Said operation of the generator is smoother when the shell of the box is sealed from any infiltration of air and is airtight and has a mechanism to depressuri~e the box and then re-a __._. . . . . . _ . ~ . a~ , ~_ ~ .~_ ..a~ _ .., v . ~,_,~.~ ~~~r~, ~ .
~"~_.~ . ~. _ . ~ . .... _. . _. __. _ _ ___. ____ pressurize the box with certain non corrosive gasses, including Helium (I~e) as a purging went and then main be depressurized;
j) Said operation of the generator is smoother when the shell of the box is sealed from any infiltration of air and is airtight and has a mechanism to depressurize the box and then re-pressurize the box with certain non corrosive gasses including ~3felaum (He);
k) Said operation of the generator is smoother when the shell of the box is sealed from any infiltration of air and is airtight and has a mechanism to depressurize the box and then re-pressurize the box with certain non corrosive gasses including Nitrogen (I~ as a purging; went and then again be depressurized;
1) Said operation of the generator is smoother when the shell of the box is sealed from any infiltration of air and is airtight and has a mechanism to depressurize the box and then re-pressurize the box with certain non corrosive gasses including l~Titrog~en (I~1);
m) Said operation of the generator is smoother when the shell of the box is sealed from any infiltration of air and is airtight and has a mechanism to depressurize the box and then re-pressurize the box with certain non corrosive gasses including Argon (Ar) and Neon (Ne).
G. ~4 .d~~ pulse generator that as ax gcne~at~r a~f cl~ectt~o-rr~~gyeetic elect~zcity c~rrfaa~rising ~f a) A cooling system to cool the coil in high voltage designs and the bus bar in all designs;
b) Said cooling system uses internally grooved copper tubes with circulating refrigerant, which may be placed in various locations including the bus bar and the conductor within the coil, and does surround the bus bar in a manner including internally within the bus bar and attached externally to or near the bus bar;
c) Said cooling system is placed into its final location within the copper form and then the form is filled with molten cast copper, sealing the copper tubing within the copper bus bar;
d) Said cooling system uses power generated by the motor to rein a compressor and remove the heat;
e) Said cooling system maintains the optimal internal operating temperature which is below the freezing point of water, and with every ~ degree ~ change in temperatures there is a 5%
change in power output;

f) Said cooling system is not necessary for the effective operation of the invention as the invention operated satisfactorily without air conditioning or refrigeration in tropical climates at 48C and im temperate climates at -52C and anywhere in between' g) Said roofing system is necessary for greater efficiency and greater output of the invention;
h) Said cooling system necessarily is cooled with a compressed gas, which it appears most ecologically safe to be a Carbon based gas;
i) Said cooling system uses a Carbon based gas adapted scroll type compressor;
j) Said cooling system has an electrical break in the lines through the use of a plastic composite coupling and universal joint, including the ones made from ASS and fiber which are similar to A>3S automotive brakes, which allows the cooling gas to pass and the electricity to remain within the generator without energizing the compressor;
k) 'The copper alloy used in the copper tubing may contain Phosphate (~) in minimum quantities just sufficient to make the copper alloy malleable and assist in the drawing of the alloy through dies, with the Phosphate impurity to be no more than contained in standard I 1000 and that makes the copper retain no less than g8~/m of its electrical conductive capacity when compared to the original electrical conductivity capacity of pure copper;
A .DC' pulse ge~aerator ~t is c~ generator c~f electro-»ac~g~aetic electricity cot~prising of a) A copper bus bar 33 or bars;
b) Said bus bar has an internally grooved copper tube or tubes inserted throughout its length for cooling purposes;
c) Said bus bar protrudes through the wall of the DC pulse generator and has threaded holes within that portion that is protruding outside the generator to allow for the quick connection of the inverter or if necessary, the transformer;
d) Said bus bar is connected to one or more leads from each coil;
e) Said bus bar is connected to one or more leads from each coil on the same polarity ofthe magnet;

Said bus bar is connected to one or more leads from each tail on the same polarity of the magnet from one ar more magnetic wheels, magnetic plates ar sheets;
g} Said bus bar needs a diode between itself and the coil if the polarity of the magnet differs from a homogeneous polarity within the tails attached to that bus bar;
h) Said bus bar is coated in an electrical insulator comprised of materials including A1N
(Aluminum Nitride) and then further coated in a plastic based insulator or in another embodiment, said bus bar is coated in a plastic based insulator;
i) The output of the same polarity tails is connected to a common bus bar;
j} The output of the coils is connected to two bus bars, with each end of the coil connected to its own bus bar slang with other tails all of which are powered by the sane polarity of magnets.
I. ~4 DC pulse generator duet is ca generator of electro-nr~,grtetic elect~aeity comprising of a) An efiicienf variable speed perrananent magnet - electro-magnet motor comprised of permanent magnets embedded in a disk that moves combined with stationary sensors and stationary electro-magnets;
b) Clne or more of said variable speed permanent magnet - electro-magnet motor or motors are connected to a shaft or a~cle. The balance of the shaft is filled with the generator comprised of components found in A E afore me~ioned or said variable speed permanent magnet -electra-magnet motor may be inserted anywhere Tang the shaft ar the axle to provide torque power for the generator;
c) A disk 30 comprises the moving part of said neater;
d) Said disk is made from materials comprising of-.
i) non austenitic metal ii) non electrically conducting material including glass arid plastic iii} adhesives iv) ceramics v) containing filler materials comprising fibers, strands, mats, cloths vi} composite laminations of any such above material componerns . . _ ... _ . . .. .. . ,r.. ,n, . . _ .. , ~. .. ~ drt~w .. . w~bnt a , ~u..., ~~~~,..,~,, ~~~ ~.-~,~~ ~~.~. ,~ ,m~, "b, ~ _. "~.,~M _ . ~.~M.~. _._ _.._ _ _......._ ___...___ . .......~...

whereby said material is molded or shaped into a flat plate comprising a disk and alI
being not electrically conductive and not magnetically conductive;
e) An even number of magnets 20 are embedded in the disk;
fj Said magnets have alternating polarity, with the first having a north pole on the left face of the disk and the next magnet having a south pole on the left face of the disk, with the third having a north pole on the left face of the disk and continuing all the way around the face of the disk;
g) Said magnets are spaced apart at Least with a space between the magnets not being Less than the width or diameter of the magnet and not further than 20 times the width or diameter of the magnet;
h) An electro-magnet ~'~ or a series of electro-magnets are placed to both sides of the spinning disk attached to the strs~ctural wall as described in I ~u) and attached in a manner described in B (~) above;
i) Said electro-magnet is activated to equal the polarity of a passing magnet;
~) Said electro-magnet is shaped flat on the surface closest to the rotating disk and matches the shape of the magnets on the rotating disk;
k) Said electro-magnet, when activated just prior to the arrival of the center of the permanent magnet to the center of the electro-magnet, propels the spinning disk forward with a repulsive action;
I) Said electro-magnet gets de-energized as the magnet on the rotating disk passes it;
m) Said etectro-magnet is activated by DC current from usually a battery source;
n) Said electro-magnet is activate for under 2U milliseconds, which is achieved with a design that uses an appropriate thickness of conductor, appropriate length of conductor and an appropriate voltage that makes the coil fully charge in less than 20 milliseconds and preferably close to 1 millisecond;
o) The variable speed pe ent magnet - electrc~-magnet motor is more efFcient when the electro-magnets are operated by a sensor circuit that is set to activate the electro-magnet prior to the arrival of the permanent magnet spinning on the disk some 1 to L 5 degrees prior to the alignment of the centers of the spinning permanent magnet with the stationary electro-magnet, with said advance dependant upon the speed of the motor.

p) A back emf charge is created by said electro-magnet upon de-energization within the conductor;
q) Said back emf can be placed back into a battery or into some other circuit, but can not be allowed to remain in the conductor;
r} Said battery, if it receives the back emf, array overcharge at operating conditions where pulses are kept under 20 milliseconds then such conditions require periodic or ongoing discharging to occur and a regulator circuit is used for the creation of a stable battery charge which releases power into another circuit including lighting and the ground;
s) Said electro-magnets are of a different number than the even numbered permanent magnets located in the spinning disk and are paired to be on both sides of the spinning disk;
t} As an option, in certain embodiments, magnetic shielding encloses said electro-magnets using materials as described in ~ (d} on the 5 sides not facing the spinning magnet filled disk;
u} A magnetic sensor 36 or sensors are placed between the electro-magnets ~n both sides of the spinning disk secured to the structural wall and tie into control circuit or circuits that operate the electromagnets and ultimately the speed of the motor;
v) Said structural wall and connectors are made of rigid material comprised from:
i) non austenitic metal ii} non electrically conducting material including glass and plastic iii) adhesives iv) ceramics v) containing filler materials comprising fibers, strands, mats, cloths vi) composite laminations of any such above material components wherein said material is shaped or molded into a flat plate comprising a structural wall, all being not electrically conductive and not magnetically conductive;
w} Said magnetic sensors control the firing of the electro-magnet as the permanent magnet is approaching the electro-magnet;
x) A coil, as described in ~ above, or a number of such coils are attached to a structural wall between the sensors and electro-magnets to both sides of the spinning disk;

3~

y) A current created by this coil in the motor is dii~'erent from that in the generator and is more of a square wave rather than a half sine wave and is easily converted to f3C through a diode;
z) Said diode or diodes sit on their own copper plate caoled with grooved pipes flied with circulating refrigerant;
aa) Said current is directed in part to the batteay and in part to other instruments and general Lighting and in part is forwarded towards the output that is produced by the generator through an inverter, bb) Said variable speed permanent magnet - electro-magnet motor produces enough torque to spin itself, the axle and the attached magnetic shielding component of the generator;
cc) Said variable speed permanent magnet -- electro-magnet motor can be utilized in a method including being doubled up and being inserted within the generator on the axle or shaft and can be operated to produce additional torque anywhere along the shaft of the axis;
dd) Said variable speed permanent magnet ~- electromagnet motor can be sized according to the weight of the entire turned mass and can be regulated according to the total speed that the generator needs to operate under the demand load by adjusting the sequence and length of the electro-magnetic energization;
ee) An electric circuit controls the operation of said variable speed permanent magnet -electro-magnet motor and may utilize a computer chig circuit to control the electro circuit which controls the firing of the motor;
f=k) Said electric circuit has a built in redundancy by having one or more alternate (ring circuits operating as back ups;
gg) Said control electro circuit is shielded from the rotating magnetic faeld in the generator with a magnetic shield as described in C;
hh) Said permanent magnets in the disk are radiating from the center and one or more rows are used;
ii) Said permanent magnets when repulsed by the electrm~magnets that are being energized with the same polarity, are the motive force for said variable speed magnetic -electro-magnetic motor, jj) Said permanent magnets when repulsed by the electro-magnets that are being energized, are the motive force for said variable speed permanent magnet - electro-magnet motor and through their connection to the aide or shaft, they drive the DC pulse generator;
kk) Said magnets when energized and repulsed by the electro-magnets that are being energized, are located in the rotating disk in such a way as to control the speed by arranging the electro-magnet bring on every magnet or on every second magnet depending the required speed and on the innermost ring of magnets f~r slower speeds, the next innermost ring fox faster speeds and the outermost ring for the fastest speed;
ll) Said variable speed permanem magnetic -- electro-etic motor's electronic circuitry is shielded from the rotating magnetic field in said motor with a magnetic shield manufactured from materials as described in C;
mm) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger arid said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed pernnanent magnetic -electro-magnetic motor and DC pulse generator are operating independently electronically, connected together just with the axle; .
nn) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnetic -electromagnetic motor has the back spike of emf that is producal by the collapsing electro-magnetic field in the electro-magnets channeled in part to the battery and in part through diodes into the output current of the DC pulse generator;
oo) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnet --electro-magnet motor achieves faster speeds when the electro-magnets are energized in alternating order, skipping every second electro-magnet;
pp) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnet -electro-magnet motor achieves faster speeds when the electro-magnets are energized in alternating order, skipping every second electro-magnet and operate in the same polarity;
qq) The speed of the operation said variable speed permanent magnet - electro-magnet motor is directly tied to the speed of the spinning disk;

-.~...... ~., .p..r.w.an..
"g~2CDPIkAY......3~.:ae.,;NAB'RS~n~....rF,"&~Ff'VnRR.4x..~'.">;wRMfi;~i3~'kE4~, ~. «~.~nhmm'.v»mrrva~~.~~~--...__,...,......-.......~......,.....-.._ ~...~........_,.. _ rr) The speed of the operation of said variable speed permanent magnet -electro-magnet motor is directly tied to the opening or energizing the coil with electricity and the closing or turning oi~Fthe electric curre~ to the electro-magnetic coil that putse the motor disk forward;
ss) The speed of the operation of said variable speed permanent magnet --eleetro-magnet motor is directly tied to the speed the electro-magnets increase their electro-magnetism and collapse their electro-magnetic fields;
tt) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnet --electro-magnet motor that has a disk which contains ~ or more rows of magnets radiating from the center in one or more rings at different diameters from the center;
uu) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnet -electro-magnet motor achieves faster speeds when the electro-magnets, located at a larger diameter ring and that are further out from the center of the disk, are energized;
vv) The amount of electricity produced by the coifs is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnet -electro-magnet motor is easier to start rotating when more than one electro-magnet is energized from more than one ring;
ww) 'The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when the space between the electro-magnets in said variable speed permanent magnetic - electro-magnetic motor is filled with coils and said coils are wired to two separate bus bars;
k) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger or said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnetic -electro-magnetic motor is placed within the DC pulse generator and may be inserted anywhere along the shaft of the axle to provide torque power for the generator;
1) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger and said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanent magnetic -electro-magnetic motor has the paired electro-magnets acting zn unison pulsing at the same time and with polarities that match the face of the magnet that faces the electro-magnet;
m) The amount of electricity produced by the coils is larger arid said operation of the DC
pulse generator is smoother when said variable speed permanentt magnetic -eleCtro-magnetic motor's electro-magnet is activated to equal the polarity of a passing magnet;
n) Said variable speed permanent magnetic - electro-magnetic motor is more efficient when the electro-magnets are paired up and operated on opposite sides of the same rotating permanent magnet that rotates on the disk, and operate at the same time.
J. A DC pulse generator that is a generator of electro magnetic electricity comprising of.-a) An inverter;
b) Said inverter converts the current of the bus bar into the current noa~rnally utilized by the grid, which is either SOHz, G0 Ha or 400 Hx;
c) ~, current produced by the DC pulse generator is dependent upon the speed of rotation, the number of openings in the magnetic shield, the number and strength of the permanem magnets, the speed at which the electro-magnets reach their maximum polarity and design of the coils;
d) Said current, for example., in a bus bar powered by 1 I4 coils and 57 magnets, operating at 4200 rpm, produced aver 20,000 electro-magnetic moments per second and electric waves that went from 0 to a peak and back to 0 which in erect when taken together, create a practical DC wave;
e) Said gym, if isolated into single waves, has a ciwwed V form which originated at close to 0 and vent to a peak and then down to zero, with the top peak being rounded and closer to a U rather than a V but with steep V sides;
f~ Said current has a peak for approximately lIS to lib of the time between the beginning of the DC pulse and the beginning of the next DC pulse and the remaining balance of the time, it is approaching zero or leaving from zero;
3~

g) Said current is most elective when there are as many as possible unique magnetic moments and electro-magnetic moments with as few as possible duplicate magnetic moments and the resulting electro-magnetic maments;
h~ A magnBtiB moment is a peaking of a magnetic wave and the period ofthe most intense magnetic flux and is comparable to a day in .relation to the sun's light on any point on earth, with a lower intensity at both ends and a higher intensity right in the middle;
i) A magnetic gateway opens and closes magnetic tux;
A magnetic gateway, by opening and closing the magnetic flux, creates magnetic moments;
k~ An elect~°o-magnetic moment is the conversion of a magnetic moment into useful electric current and is the useful portion of a magnetically induced electric surge;
1~ These definitions were utilized in this invention as there is no suitable term known to the inventor that commercially described the results being observed in the operation of the ~C pulse generator;
m~ An alternative method to the inverter of making a true sine wave is by snaking the DC
pulse generator's output DC power drive a IBC power motor attached to a conventional AC
current generator.
t~: ~ DC pulse generator tlrcrt is a generator of electt~~..»ac~gnetic eZeett~icity eomprisaa~g o, f.~
a An insulating Boating 3~ on the shell that is highly emissive;
b Said coating readily absorbs energy and redirects it back in the direction that it came from;
c Said coating has the ability to heal itself when slightly damaged;
d Said coating contains more than I type, size, or style of ceramics mixed in a plastic matrix and said matrix allows itself to layer the ceramics according to type and sire prior to solidifying.

A DC pulse generatoa° tluat is a generuto~ o, f electro-gnetic electricity that ~r~oduces an electric current having the following characte~°istics:
a The magnetic - electro-magnetic motor produces an individual current that is alternating and is square in shape;
b The DC pulse generator produces an individual current that is V shaped with a period of time that the coil is not energized having a current approaching a zero baseline;
c The DC pulse generator produces a current that when combined from all coils having the same polarity, has more than two peaks that join together to produce a DC current;
d The DC pulse generator produces an individual current that is a high frequency AC shaped current;
a The DC pulse generator produces a current that is of highest quality when no magnetic moments peak at the same time on a given bus bar;
f The DC pulse generator produces a current that is of highest quality when 2 or more bus bars of the same polarity are tied together electronically;
g The DC pulse generator produced usable current when used in its raw unconditioned form produces large amounts of hydrogen and Cgen gas in its mono atomic and diatomic configuration, depending on the presence of certain catalysts including lye, from electrolysis of water;
h The DC pulse generator produces usable current when connected to inverters that convert the current to that typically found in the grids of the world, namely S4H~, 60HZ or ~~9 i The DC pulse generator produces an individual current that is t~ shaped and is rounded on the extreme tip in shape with a period of time that the coil is not energized having a current approaching a zero baseline;
j Said variable speed permanent magnetic - electro-magnetic motor produces electricity that has a square wave that is easily converted to a DC current;
k Said variably speed permanent magnetic ~ electro-magnetic motor when combined with the DC pulse generator produces electricity wherein said electrical output is:
a _. _ .~.. na.. ~.,rF ~, ,~,~r.~..~ .~...e~.=~. ~_~,.:..~H~~ ~r~~~~v_ a....~..~nt..~~ ,sw ~~_~._~.__~ _ _ (a) not related directly to the amount of electricity used to operate the motive source of the apparatus, (b) not related directly to the amount of electricity used to operate the apparatus by moving the magnetic shielding material, (c) not related directly to the thickness of the magnet, (d) related directly to the shielding ability of the magnetic shield, {e) related directly to the shape of the magnet, {fj related directly to the shape of the hole in the magnetic shield called a magnetic gateway, (g) related directly to the shape of the coil, (h) related directly to the style of the coil, {i) related directly to the size of the coil, {j) related directly to the composition ofthe core of the coil, {k) related directly to the temperature of the core and coil, {I) related directly to the temperature of the bus bar, (m) related directly to the speed of the opening and closing of the magnetic gateway, (n) related directly to the strength or magnetism or magnetic flux density of the magnets, (o) related directly to the orientation of the magnetic field, (p) related directly to the distance of the permanent magnet from the coil, {q) optimized when the size of the coil and magnetic gateway is greater than the size of the permanent magnet, (r) maxinniz~ when the magnetic field's pole center is lined up with the cemer of the magnetic gateway, (s) optimized when the magnetic plate is located between two magnetic shields with magnetic gateways, {t) optimized when the shapes of the magnet, coil and magnetic gateway are the same, (u) optimized in the embodiment that uses an electromagnetic plate when the electro-magnets are wound or lined up in the same plane and are oriented at 90 degrees to the coils that produce electricity, whereby said DC pulse electrical generator will use stationary magnets as they relate to a moving magnetic shield, stationary coils as they relate to a moving magnetic shield and a moving magnetic shield as it relates to the stationary magnet and stationary coil, as electricity is created in the coil when the magnetic held is opened and closed upon it, and as the magnetic shield moves and the magnetic gateway allows magnetic flux to penetrate the coil from the magnet and whereas the magnetic shield otherwise would effectively block the magnetic flux.

PaTtS LISt 20 Magnet 21 Magnetic Plate 22 Coil 23 Core 24 Fastener 25 Adhesive 26 Magnetic Shield 27 Magnetic Csateway 28 Magnetically permeable Material 29 Protective Coating 30 Disk 31 Axle 32 Structural Wall 33 Bus Bar 34 Bearing 3 Insulation S

36 Magnetic Sensor 3'~Electro Magnets 38 Protective Shell SO
~....... _. , .., . ~ M, , .. . "a .. r~ ."~.~~xn~ , d.~~,~~-. ~~.m~a ,.,~ r r...~~.M _ . . _ _ ... .._ . _ . . _ . . .

Claims (22)

1. An electric generator system, comprising:
a. ~at least one stationary magnet;
b. ~at least one stationary conductor coil;
c. ~at least one sheet of material of sufficient size and having such characteristics to accommodate the shielding of a magnetic field, herein refereed to as a magnetic shield;
d. ~said magnetic shield contains at least one non magnetically shielding area, herein referred to as a magnetic gateway;
e. ~said magnetic shield is positioned between said stationary magnet and said stationary conductor coil;
f. ~means for moving said magnetic shield whereby said electrical generator will produce electricity using stationary magnets and stationary conductor coils as they relate to sand moving magnetic shield whereby electricity is created in said stationary conductor coils when the magnetic field is opened and closed upon said stationary conductor coils.

2. A motive source device comprising:
a. ~a first substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface, a predetermined periphery contour, a plurality of magnets embedded in said first substrate and being positioned at predetermined locations;
b. ~a means of rotating said first substrate;
c. ~a second substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface, a predetermined periphery contour; a plurality of electro-magnets are attached to said bottom surface of said second substrate and being positioned at predetermined locations with changing polarity; said second substrate being stationary and being positioned laterally of said top surface of said first substrate;
d. a third substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface, a predetermined periphery contour; a plurality of electro-magnets are attached to said top surface of said third substrate and being positioned at predetermined locations with changing polarity;
said third substrate being stationary and being positioned laterally of said bottom surface of said first substrate;
e. means associated with one or the other said second or said third stationary substrates for sensing the approaching embedded magnets on said rotating first substrate;
f. means for controlling the rate of operation of said electro-magnets;
whereby said motive source device operates without hysteresis and other losses commonly associated with electro mechanical devices.

3. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 wherein said means for moving said magnetic shield is said motive source device recited in Claim 2.

4. The electric generator system as recited an Claim 1 further comprising means for controlling the speed of motion or movement of said magnetic shield whereby said electrical generator will produce electricity in a controlled amount or quantity when the motion of said magnetic shield opens the magnetic field of said stationary magnet upon said stationary conductor coils at an appropriate rate of openings and closings in a given period of time.

5. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 further comprising:
a. means for electronically connecting said stationary conductor coils to a user of power, b. means for modifying the power produced by said generator to match that required by said user of power.

6. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 further comprising:

44~

a. means for electronically connecting the stationary conductor coils to the user of power, b. means for controlling the output of the generator to match that of the demand from said user of power.

7. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 further comprising:
a. means for electronically connecting said stationary conductor coils to a user of power, b. an amplifying circuit employing a controllable electron valve and coil.

8. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 further comprising:
a. means for electronically connecting said stationary conductor coils to a user of power, b, means for controlling the temperature within electronic and structural components.

9. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 wherein said stationary magnets comprise an electro-magnet plate having a north pole facing in one direction outward and a south pole facing in the opposite direction outward.

10. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 wherein said stationary magnets comprise a polarized permanent magnet plate having a north pole facing in one direction outward and a south pole facing in the opposite direction outward.

11. An electric generator system, comprising:
a. a first substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface, a predetermined periphery~~
contour, a plurality of magnets embedded in said first substrate and being positioned at predetermined locations and said first substrate being stationary, b. a second substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface, a predetermined periphery contour; a plurality of stationary conductor coils are attached to said bottom surface of said second substrate and being positioned at predetermined locations; said second substrate being stationary and being positioned laterally of said top surface of said first substrate, c. a third substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface, a predetermined periphery contour; a plurality of stationary conductor coils are attached to said top surface of said third substrate and being positioned at predetermined locations; said third substrate being stationary and being positioned laterally of said bottom surface of said first substrate, d. in between said first substrate and said second substrate as well as between said first substrate and said third substrate, there is at least one sheet of material of sufficient size and having such characteristics to accommodate the shielding of a magnetic field, herein referred to as a magnetic shield, e. said magnetic shield contains at least one non magnetically shielding area, herein referred to as a magnetic gateway;
f. means for moving said magnetic shield whereby said electrical generator will produce electricity using stationary magnets and stationary conductor coils as they relate to said moving magnetic shield whereby electricity is created in said stationary conductor coils when the magnetic field is opened and closed upon said stationary conductor coils.

12. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 wherein said magnetic gateway is an aperture that may be filled with gas, liquid, or vacuum.

13. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 wherein said magnetic gateway is an aperture that may be filled with plastic, ceramic, glass, adhesive, austenitic metal and other magnetically indifferent materials.

14. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 wherein said magnetic shields comprise one or more layers of magnetically permeable materials whereby the laminating material is an electrically non conducting material and when all said the layers are taken together, no magnetic flux penetrates them from said stationary magnets.

15. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 further comprising means of electronically connecting the generator to a user, with said connection further having a means for cooling said electronic components.

16. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 further comprises means for supporting said stationary conductor coils that includes the creation of a core and in the core the placement of fasteners and adhesives comprising non electrically conducting and non magnetically conducting materials and amorphous materials that are magnetic when exposed to a magnetic field.

17. The electric generator system as recited in Claim 1 further comprising means for controlling the atmosphere of the generator including the removal. of all gases and operation in near vacuum, adding purging gases and operating gases including Helium, Nitrogen, Argon, Neon and contains at least one mechanism that allows the gas to be removed and added to the generator interior whereby said operating conditions within specific gases, low gas pressures and gas less operations are preferable to operation in regular atmosphere.

18. A method for creating electricity comprising the steps of:
a. positioning at least one stationary magnet at a predetermined position;
b. positioning at least one stationary conductor coil at a second predetermined position that is laterally spaced from the first predetermined position;
c. taking at least one sheet of material of sufficient sire and having such characteristics to accommodate the shielding of a magnetic field therein referred to as a magnetic shields and positioning the said magnetic shield intermediate said at least one stationary magnet and said at least one stationary coil;
d. moving said magnetic shield to periodically open and close the magnetic field between said at least one stationary magnet and said stationary conductor coil to create electricity.

19. The method as recited in claim 18 wherein said magnetic shield contains at least one non-magnetically shielding area, herein referred to as a magnetic gateway.

20. The method as recited in claim 19 further comprising rotating said magnetic shield about an axis extending between said at least one stationary magnet and said at least one stationary conductor coil.

21. The motive device as recited in Claim 2 further comprising means for modifying the power produced by the motor to match that required by the ultimate use including the operation of the power source and circuits.

22. A method for creating motion comprising the steps of:
a. positioning at least two stationary electro-magnets at a predetermined position;
b. positioning at least two stationary electro-magnets at a second predetermined position that is laterally spaced from the first predetermined position;
c. positioning at least two permanent magnet at a third predetermined position that is laterally spaced from the first and second predetermined position and said third position is in between the said first and second position;
d. said permanent magnets shall be an even number and the said electro-magnets shall be a number other than the number of permanent magnets;
e. said permanent magnets shall be positioned so that they have alternating polarity;
f. moving said permanent magnets by periodically energizing the electro-magnets with the same polarity as the moving permanent magnet creating motion;
g. utilizing said passing permanent magnet to create electricity in said stationary conductor coil which is not energized as an electro-magnet;
i. utilizing said electricity to power in part said stationary electro-magnets.