CA2447157A1 - Monitoring fill soil via compactor rolling resistance - Google Patents
Monitoring fill soil via compactor rolling resistance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2447157A1 CA2447157A1 CA002447157A CA2447157A CA2447157A1 CA 2447157 A1 CA2447157 A1 CA 2447157A1 CA 002447157 A CA002447157 A CA 002447157A CA 2447157 A CA2447157 A CA 2447157A CA 2447157 A1 CA2447157 A1 CA 2447157A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- energy
- density
- soil
- compaction
- engineering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 16
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000002364 soil amendment Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000009490 roller compaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 23
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 231100000817 safety factor Toxicity 0.000 claims 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
Abstract
A composite of interdependent engineering methods for earthen fill engineering and construction is described. The development, utilization, and correlation of actual, cumulative field compaction energies, unique to and based on field combination-specific variables in combination including at least all of the following: soil type, compactor type, and moisture content are included. Lift thickness and soil amendment type and mix can also be included. Interdependent development of the field combination-specific compaction energies include the following novel combination-specific steps: rolling resistance energy versus dry density field trials, generation and direct curvalinear utilization of parabolic rolling resistance energy curves with roller passes, determination of asymptotic energy-density aproach ranges, selection and application of percentage density sectors on moisture-density curves, and projection of percentage density sectors onto corresponding roller compaction energy curves for selection and use of design compaction energy levels. Field combination cross-matrices are used in engineering design.
Claims (23)
1. In a method for determining actual, cumulative field compaction energy and associated engineering property relationships for a given soil type, the improvement that comprises for a selected compactor type, determining the energy transferred to the soil by measuring rolling resistance as a function of rimpull energy performance, plotting the variation of rolling resistance and soil density for a given soil moisture content for a plurality of roller passes, determining the combination-specific, asymptotic energy-density approach range, determining the cumulative average rolling resistance for selected points within said asymptotic energy-density approach range, and determining design energy levels.
2. In the method of claim 1, making additional measurements that vary at least one variable selected from the group consisting of 1)lift thickness, 2) initial soil moisture content, and 3) soil amendments.
3. The method of claim1 that comprises the steps of 1) tracking energy distribution and isolating compaction energy transfer, 2) determining cumulative field compaction energy and corresponding engineering properties for a combination of a plurality of soil types, a plurality of compactor types, and at least one additional variable selected from the group consisting of a plurality of moisture contents, a plurality of lift thickness', and a plurality of soil amendments.
4. The method of claim 3 that further comprises providing data sets forming a data matrix comprising correlations selected from the group consisting of corresponding energy values, engineering properties, construction control parameters, roller pass control parameters, and safety factors.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the data matrix is a cross matrix comprising compactor types used for the majority of earthen fill construction in world markets, with data measured for at least one additional variable selected from the group consisting of 1) a plurality of specific soil types 2) a plurality of amended soil types, 3) a plurality of moisture content values, and 4) a plurality of lift thickness'.
6. A method of specification for earthen fill construction that comprises using data from cross-matrices according to claim 5 to conduct engineering steps from the group consisting of 1) a soil compaction specification for an earthen fill, 2) an engineering design for an earthen fill, 3) a construction control for an earthen fill, 4) verification of construction testing, 5) a laboratory compaction test, 6) a determination or confirmation of compaction energy requirements, and 7) to provide an estimate of an engineering property.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein at least three rolling resistance field trials are conducted, each trial measuring rolling resistance energy variation with dry density for a plurality of roller passes.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the field trials factor at least one additional variable selected from the group consisting of a plurality of lift thicknesses, a plurality of initial soil moisture contents, a plurality of soil types, a plurality of soil amendment types, and a plurality of soil compactor types.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the field trials are used to establish combination-specific and corresponding parabolic curves of rolling resistance versus dry density.
10. The method of claim 1 that further comprises determining the unit cumulative compactive energy per unit volume at a select interval at or within the asymptotic energy-density approach based on moisture-density-energy curves derived from the rolling resistance field trials and by using the cumulative average rolling resistance according to each exact parabolic rolling resistance data curve.
11. The method of claim 5 that further comprises determining the asymptotic energy-density approach based on the combination-specific results of at least three of the following field conditions: soil type, compactor type, lift thickness, moisture content, and soil amendment; and plotting the data to provide a data set of rolling resistance field trial curve formations.
12. The method of claim 1 that further comprises development of an asymptotic energy-density energy approach range that constitutes a collective sector of data forming a composite range of 2 roller passes to 5 roller passes, selected from within an overall field trial range wherein the data was measured in the range of 6 roller passes to 20 roller passes.
13. The method of claim 1 that comprises the additional step of determining the "design energy level".
14. The method of claim 1 that comprises the additional step of determining a select unit cumulative compaction energy per unit volume.
15. The method of claim 1 that comprises selection of a specific percentage density sector of a combination-specific, moisture-density curve produced from composites of the field trial data, at a select interval at or within the asymptotic energy-density approach range, and subsequent projection of the selected sector onto a corresponding roller compaction energy curve on the same chart.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the specific percentage density sector is selected within the range of 75 to 100 % of the maximum density values established on the combination-specific moisture-density curve at a select interval at or within the asymptotic energy-density approach.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the selected percentage density sector within the 75 to 100% range is projected onto the corresponding roller energy curve from the same interval at or within the asymptotic energy-density approach.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the actual, cumulative field compaction energy for a Cat 815B compactor combined with a CH class soil, is determined based on certain moisture contents, lift thickness', and soil amendments, included in the field combinations.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein sets of cross-matrices of actual, combination-specific, cumulative compaction energy values and correlation factors determined for any combination of all five of the following full-scale factors:
soil type, compactor type, moisture content, lift thickness, and soil amendment.
soil type, compactor type, moisture content, lift thickness, and soil amendment.
20. The method of claim 11 wherein combination-specific, field and laboratory based, engineering properties, control parameters, safety factors, roller pass limits, engineering correlation factors, and laboratory test parameters are contained within the cross-matrices of soil type or amended soil with compactor type, for each lift thickness and moisture content
21. The method of claim 1 wherein specific, combination-specific, and corresponding energy and engineering properties and correlation factors and parameters contained within the cross-matrices is utilized by interpolation and extrapolation for untested field combinations.
22. The method of claim 4 wherein the cross-matrix is used for an engineering method selected from the group consisting of 1) engineering design and specification, 2) laboratory compaction testing utilizing standard test apparatus' to generate combination-specific moisture-density curves, 3) construction control and testing, 4) determining or confirming energy requirements, and 5) estimating engineering parameters for untested combinations.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein engineering values drawn from the cross matrices include actual, cumulative field compaction energy levels at various asymptotic energy-density approach intervals and percentage density sectors, and the asymptotic energy-density approach range and corresponding correlation factors are used to set limits and ranges for a purpose selected from the group consisting of 1) roller passes specifications, 2) energy correlation factors for laboratory compaction testing, 3) maximum dry density values, 4) optimum moisture contents, 5) engineering strength), 6) stability properties, 7) permeability properties, 8) wet of optimum moisture contents, 9) compaction energy requirements, 10) moisture content potential, 11) correction of current practice or prior art deficiencies, 12) construction controls and testing, 13) adjustments for changes in site-specific conditions, and 14) safety factor values, all corresponding to energy levels and compacted states and for engineering design uses.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2001/015638 WO2001088529A1 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2001-05-15 | Monitoring fill soil via compactor rolling resistance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2447157A1 true CA2447157A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
| CA2447157C CA2447157C (en) | 2012-08-21 |
Family
ID=21742572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2447157A Expired - Fee Related CA2447157C (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2001-05-15 | Monitoring fill soil via compactor rolling resistance |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1407262A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100414295C (en) |
| AU (2) | AU6160901A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2447157C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001088529A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6182040B2 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2017-08-16 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | Management method of low water permeability of compacted soil |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1445717A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1966-07-15 | Entpr Bourdin & Chausse | Device for controlling the lift and deflection of soils |
| DE2942334C2 (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1984-06-28 | Koehring Gmbh - Bomag Division, 5407 Boppard | Device for monitoring the degree of compaction |
| DE3168301D1 (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1985-02-28 | Becker Bau Gmbh & Co Kg | Method for soil stabilisation |
| US5105650A (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1992-04-21 | Gas Research Institute | Monitoring compaction of backfill |
| JP2801348B2 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1998-09-21 | 酒井重工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for determining compaction degree |
| US5426972A (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1995-06-27 | Gas Research Institute | Monitoring soil compaction |
| GB9504345D0 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1995-04-19 | Compaction Tech Soil Ltd | Method and apparatus for monitoring soil compaction |
| JPH08281373A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-10-29 | Sintokogio Ltd | Method for measuring effective clay-component of green sand |
| JP3269338B2 (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 2002-03-25 | 三菱自動車エンジニアリング株式会社 | Fuel supply device |
| JP3318576B2 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 2002-08-26 | 新東工業株式会社 | How to measure sand properties |
| US6041582A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2000-03-28 | Case Corporation | System for recording soil conditions |
-
2001
- 2001-05-15 WO PCT/US2001/015638 patent/WO2001088529A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-05-15 CA CA2447157A patent/CA2447157C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-15 CN CNB018234801A patent/CN100414295C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-15 AU AU6160901A patent/AU6160901A/en active Pending
- 2001-05-15 AU AU2001261609A patent/AU2001261609B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-05-15 EP EP01935521A patent/EP1407262A4/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1407262A1 (en) | 2004-04-14 |
| CN1529813A (en) | 2004-09-15 |
| CN100414295C (en) | 2008-08-27 |
| AU6160901A (en) | 2001-11-26 |
| CA2447157C (en) | 2012-08-21 |
| WO2001088529A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
| EP1407262A4 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
| AU2001261609B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20200831 |