CA2363340A1 - Central heating for rooms to be heated - Google Patents

Central heating for rooms to be heated Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2363340A1
CA2363340A1 CA002363340A CA2363340A CA2363340A1 CA 2363340 A1 CA2363340 A1 CA 2363340A1 CA 002363340 A CA002363340 A CA 002363340A CA 2363340 A CA2363340 A CA 2363340A CA 2363340 A1 CA2363340 A1 CA 2363340A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
flow
heating
line
central heating
line network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002363340A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Albert Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2363340A1 publication Critical patent/CA2363340A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00Details
    • F24D19/10Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F24D19/1018Radiator valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention pertains to a central heating system (10) for rooms to be heated of one or more buildings (2) with a line network with supply and return lines (18, 20), at least one flow limiter (26) arranged in the line network, a fluid as thermal medium in the line network, several heating circuits (32) each connected to the line network via supply flow and return flow lines (24, 30), each having a valve (28) for regulation/control of room temperature and at least one heating element (22).
The invention is characterized in that a flow limiter (26), which is inserted into supply flow or return flow line (24, 30), is associated with each heating circuit (32).

Description

CENTRAL HEATING FOR ROOMS TO BE HEATED
The invention pertains to a central heating system for rooms to be heated.
Known central heating systems generally have a heat source and a line system for transporting a thermal medium to the individual rooms. As a rule, water is used as the thermal medium.
Depending on the complexity of the heating system, the line system is composed of several subcircuits which extend, for instance, in individual floors of a multistory building. The subcircuits are supplied by vertical lines.
As a rule, a subcircuit of the line system consists of separate subcircuit supply and return lines, at least one line barner and several heating circuits parallel to one another connected to the subcircuit supply and return lines. A heating circuit can have only one heating element or several heating elements arranged in series and connected via supply and return lines to the supply and return lines of the subcircuit.
In the supply line, a line barner is arranged at the start of each subcircuit.
The line barrier ensures a uniform distribution of water in the subcircuits. It is intended thereby to minimize irregular flow through the heating circuits and thus the heating elements because of, for instance, the long distance from the vertical supply line or to frictional losses due to pipe curvatures.
The regulation or control of desired room temperature is accomplished by way of valves, specifically, temperature control valves, inserted into the heating circuits.
The valve aperture and thus the volume flow of thermal medium flowing into the heating circuits or heating elements is regulated by a pressure-sensitive actuator. A
spring acts in the closing direction on the actuator.
Known central heating systems have the disadvantage that the installed circuit barriers produce pressure gradients of varying magnitudes independently of the flow amount. The hysteresis of the valves increases or is displaced; in particular, the individual temperature settings of the individual rooms cannot be guaranteed.
If the central heating system is operating in the full load range, then there is a high flow velocity of the thermal medium in the line system. Associated with this high flow velocity, however, is a high pressure gradient at the circuit barriers. This has the consequence that a smaller differential pressure is present at the valves for controlling the flow of the thermal medium and thus a larger differential force consisting of differential pressure and spring force acts in the closing direction on the actuator. The actuator is consequently pressed in the closing direction, so that the volume flow of thermal medium decreases. The premature valve closure induced thereby has the result that the room temperature set/desired at the valves is not reached. In order to reach the desired room temperature nonetheless, manual readjustment at the valves is required, which is linked to increased energy consumption and increasing costs.
A similar phenomenon occurs in the partial load range of the central heating unit. Because of the then prevailing low flow velocity of the thermal medium, only a small pressure gradient can be observed at the circuit barners. This has the consequence that a higher pressure is present at the valves inserted into the heating circuits and therefore a lower differential pressure acts in the closing direction on the actuator. The actuator is thereby pressed less in the closing direction.
Because of the elevated pressure, the valves close with a temporal offset, that is to say, at higher room temperatures. This is once again associated with elevated energy consumption and rising costs.
The present invention is based on the problem of refining a central heating system for rooms to be heated such that energy savings are achieved by avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages with a simple design.
The present invention is based on the insight that, by setting a nearly constant pressure level in the line system of the heating system, particularly at the valves, large energy savings and a reduction of operating costs are possible.
According to the present invention, therefore, each heating circuit is assigned a flow limiter inserted in the supply or return line, independently of the number of heating elements in the heating circuit. A constant pressure level at the valves can thereby be guaranteed in a simple manner.
In order to ease the design of larger heating systems consisting of vertical lines and several subcircuits, the installation of flow limners is now done exclusively in the supply and return lines of the heating circuits. The circuit barners previously utilized are now unnecessary.
It is of no consequence whether a heating circuit contains only one heating element or several heating elements connected in series. The flow limiter in the heating circuit may be installed in the supply flow line, optionally upstream or downstream of a valve, as well as in the return flow line.
Depending on the embodiment of the invention, the flow limiter and the valve may be designed as an integral structural unit.
The flow limiters are designed so that an equally large pressure gradient is achieved at all flow limiters, independently of the existing pressure conditions and, in particular, independently of the size, number and construction of the heating element in a heating circuit.
The installation site of the flow limiters in the individual heating circuits may be consistent or different for all subcircuits of a heating system.
So that good maintenance of the system can be assured, the flow limners are inserted interchangeably into the line network.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the flow limiters are laid out such that an equally large pressure gradient is achieved at all flow limiters, independently of the existing pressure conditions and, in particular, independently of the size, number and construction of the heating elements of a heating circuit. This is important when heating elements of different size, which are supplied differently by differing amounts of thermal medium per unit time, are employed. The flow limner is thus designed in regard to its size as a function of the size of the heating element and as a function of the pressure in the line network.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided a central heating system for rooms to be heated in one or more buildings with a line network with supply and return lines, at least one flow limiter arranged in the line network, a fluid as thermal medium in the line network, several heating circuits each connected to the line network via supply flow and return flow lines, each having a valve for regulation/control of room temperature and at least one heating element, wherein a flow limiter, which is inserted into supply flow or return flow line, is associated with each heating circuit.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a central heating unit for rooms to be heated of one or more buildings with a line network with outgoing and return lines, at least one flow limner arranged in the line network, a fluid as thermal medium in the line network, several heating circuits, each connected to the line network in parallel to one another via inflow and outflow lines, each having a valve for regulation/control of room temperature and at least one heating element, wherein a flow limiter, which is inserted into inflow or outflow line, is associated with each heating circuit.
Additional characteristics and advantages may be deduced from the description below of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the drawing wherein:
Figure 1, a schematic circuit diagram of a central heating system according to the invention in a building consisting of several floors.
Figure 1 schematically shows a building 2 that comprises a service room 4 in the basement for accommodating the heat source 6 and three heated stories 8a-8c, namely ground floor 8a, first upper floor 8b and second upper floor 8c. Three subcircuits 12a-12c which are part of a central heating unit 10 according to the present invention are installed in building 2. Subcircuit 12a extends in ground floor 8a, subcircuit 12b in first upper floor 8b, and subcircuit 12c in second upper floor 8c.
Subcircuits 12a-12c each have a supply flow line 18 and a return flow line 20 which run separately. Subcircuits 12a-12c are connected to heat source 6 via vertical lines 14 and 16, each also having a supply flow and a return flow.
In each heated story 8a-8c, three heating circuits 32-36 are connected to the corresponding subcircuit 12a-12c. Every heating circuit 32-36 is connected via an inflow line 24 to outflow 18 of the associated subcircuit 12a-12c and via a return flow line 30 to return flow 20 of the associated subcircuit 12a-2c. While the first two heating circuits 32 and 34 each have one heating element 22, two heating elements 22 are arranged in series in the third illustrated heating circuit 36. The diameters of supply flow line 18 and return flow lint 20 of a subcircuit 12a-12c are identical.
A thermostat valve 28 for regulating the room temperature is inserted in the supply flow line 24 of each heating circuit 32-36.
A flow limner 26 is installed in supply flow line 24 or return flow line 30 of each heating circuit 32. The installation site of flow limiter 26 in supply line 24 or return line 30 of each heating circuit 32-36 is identical inside a given subcircuit 12a-12c, but the installation site differs for each individual one of the three subcircuits 12a-12c. In subcircuit 12a, flow limiter 26 is downstream of the thermostat valve 28 in supply line 24 of each heating circuit 32-36, and in subcircuit 12b, flow limner 26 is upstream of thermostat valve 28 in supply line 24 of each heating circuit 32-36. In subcircuit 12c, flow limiter 26 is inserted in return line 30 of each heating circuit 32-36 and thus downstream-of thermostat valve 28 and the heating element 22 or heating elements 22.
In thermostat valves 28 that are opened in the majority of cases, for instance, differently high flow velocities of the thermal medium occur in central heating system 10. By providing flow limners 26 in supply flow line 24 or return flow line 30 of each heating circuit 32-36, an essentially constant flow velocity in central heating system 10 results. Because of the essentially constant flow velocities, pressure fluctuations inside the line system of central heating system 10 are avoided, in particular, in supply flow lines 24 and return flow lines 30 of each heating circuit 32, and thus at temperature control valves 28. Consequently the hysteresis of the thermostat valves 28 with respect to one another remains unchanged. This has the advantage that the room temperature is more precisely regulated and thus manual resetting of the room temperature is no longer necessary; consequently energy savings are achieved.
The present invention is characterized in that considerable energy can be saved by the central installation of flow limiters in supply flow line 24, optionally upstream or downstream of thermostat valve 28, or in return flow line 30 of each heating circuit 32.
Although a preferred embodiment if the present invention has been described, those of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.
List of reference numerals 2 Building 4 Service area 6 Heat source 8a-8c Floors Central heating system 12a-12c Subcircuits 14 Vertical line supply 5 16 Vertical line return 18 Supply line of a subcircuit Return line of a subcircuit 22 Heating element 24 supply flow line of a heating circuit 10 26 Flow limiter 28 Thermostat/temperature control valve Return flow line of a heating circuit 32 First heating circuit 34 Second heating circuit 15 36 Third heating circuit

Claims (16)

1. Central heating system for rooms to be heated in one or more buildings with a line network with supply and return lines, at least one flow limiter arranged in the line network, a fluid as thermal medium in the line network, several heating circuits each connected to the line network via supply flow and return flow lines, each having a valve for regulation/control of room temperature and at least one heating element, wherein a flow limiter, which is inserted into supply flow or return flow line, is associated with each heating circuit.
2. Central heating system according to Claim 1, wherein the line network consists of several subcircuits, arranged, in particular, in different floors of a building, to which subcircuits heating circuits are connected.
3. Central heating system according to Claim 2, wherein subcircuits are supplied via supply lines, such as vertical lines.
4. Central heating system according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein flow limiters are inserted exclusively into supply flow or return flow lines of heating circuits.
5. Central heating system according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein flow limiter is installed in supply flow line of a heating circuit.
6. Central heating system according to Claim 5, wherein flow limiter is upstream of valve.
7. Central heating system according to Claim 5, wherein flow limiter is downstream of valve.
8. Central heating system according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein flow limiter is installed in return flow line of a heating circuit.
9. Central heating system according to any one of Claims 2 to 8 wherein the installation site of flow limiters in supply flow or return flow line of heating circuits is uniform for all heating circuits of a subcircuit.
10. Central heating system according to Claim 9, wherein the installation site of flow limiters in supply flow or return flow line of heating circuits is different in at least two subcircuits.
11. Central heating system according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the installation site of flow limiters in supply flow or return flow line of heating circuits is uniform for all heating circuits in the line system.
12. Central heating system according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, wherein flow limiter is interchangeably inserted into the line network.
13. Central heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the valve and flow limiter form a structural unit.
14. Central heating system according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, wherein flow limiters are designed such that an equally large pressure gradient is realized at all flow limiters, independently of the existing pressure conditions and, in particular, independently of the size, number and construction of the heating elements of a heating circuit.
15. Central heating unit for rooms to be heated of one or more buildings with a line network with outgoing and return lines, at least one flow limiter arranged in the line network, a fluid as thermal medium in the line network, several heating circuits, each connected to the line network in parallel to one another via inflow and outflow lines, each having a valve for regulation/control of room temperature and at least one heating element, wherein a flow limiter, which is inserted into inflow or outflow line, is associated with each heating circuit.
16. Central heating unit according to Claim 15, wherein the line network consists of several subcircuits, arranged, in particular, in different floors of a building, to which subcircuits heating circuits are connected in parallel to one another.
CA002363340A 2000-11-20 2001-11-19 Central heating for rooms to be heated Abandoned CA2363340A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10057416A DE10057416A1 (en) 2000-11-20 2000-11-20 Central heating for rooms to be heated
DE10057416.5 2000-11-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2363340A1 true CA2363340A1 (en) 2002-05-20

Family

ID=7663903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002363340A Abandoned CA2363340A1 (en) 2000-11-20 2001-11-19 Central heating for rooms to be heated

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1207357A3 (en)
JP (1) JP2002195581A (en)
AU (1) AU9140301A (en)
CA (1) CA2363340A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10057416A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104613537A (en) * 2014-07-11 2015-05-13 新疆西部热力集团有限公司 Building distributed-type heat supplying system

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004017593B3 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-11-03 Albert Bauer Cooling and / or heating device
DE102006053200A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Theodor Heimeier Metallwerk Gmbh Heating or cooling system
PL2557365T3 (en) * 2011-08-09 2015-10-30 Danfoss As Fluid distribution control system
CN108916984B (en) * 2018-07-25 2020-06-09 河北建筑工程学院 Control system for solving hydraulic imbalance of heat supply system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2746713B1 (en) * 1996-03-28 1998-06-12 Valeo Climatisation DEVICE FOR INDEPENDENTLY ADJUSTING THE HEATING OF BOTH SIDES OF THE COCKPIT OF A VEHICLE
EP0911714A1 (en) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-28 Electrowatt Technology Innovation AG Flow control valve with integrated pressure controller
FR2786257B1 (en) * 1998-11-25 2001-01-12 Comap HYDRAULIC BALANCING DEVICE FOR A HEATING SYSTEM
DE10003394A1 (en) * 1999-07-28 2001-02-22 Siegfried Leverberg Process for hydraulic balancing of a heating system
DE19960527C1 (en) * 1999-12-15 2001-05-31 Samson Ag Domestic installation for room heating and drinking water preparation has flow regulator controlling flow through room heating circuit and water heating circuit and differential pressure regulator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104613537A (en) * 2014-07-11 2015-05-13 新疆西部热力集团有限公司 Building distributed-type heat supplying system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002195581A (en) 2002-07-10
AU9140301A (en) 2002-05-23
DE10057416A1 (en) 2002-05-29
EP1207357A2 (en) 2002-05-22
EP1207357A3 (en) 2004-03-10

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Legal Events

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FZDE Discontinued