CA2349042C - Toothed blade manufacture - Google Patents
Toothed blade manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2349042C CA2349042C CA 2349042 CA2349042A CA2349042C CA 2349042 C CA2349042 C CA 2349042C CA 2349042 CA2349042 CA 2349042 CA 2349042 A CA2349042 A CA 2349042A CA 2349042 C CA2349042 C CA 2349042C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tooth
- edge
- blade
- punch
- blank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D65/00—Making tools for sawing machines or sawing devices for use in cutting any kind of material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a process to manufacture toothed blades such as saw blades. The blades are made from strip stock that has spaced notches along at least one edge defining tooth blanks therebetween. The notches may be any convenient shape and made at any angle such as 45° to the edge. That angle becomes the rake or front incline angle of the tooth. The teeth are then formed by pinching the metal of the tooth blank at a particular location near the notch so as to displace the leading or rake edge of the notch below the original edge.
The pinching is done either in a batch process of blade by blade on punch and anvil, or in a continuous process between pinching rollers having peripheral punches rotating in timed sequence with the notched strip passing therebetween. A
single step punch and dimple method is also disclosed.
The pinching is done either in a batch process of blade by blade on punch and anvil, or in a continuous process between pinching rollers having peripheral punches rotating in timed sequence with the notched strip passing therebetween. A
single step punch and dimple method is also disclosed.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is in the field of toothed cutting blades such as saw blades, and discloses methods of forming same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
One objective of the present invention is to provide improved tooth geometry on toothed saw blades such as those used in bandsaws, jig saws, saber saws, hack saws, wood saws and the like. Currently such blades have rake angles (incline angle of tooth leading edge) that are typically 5 and rarely exceed 12 . There is application for blades that have much higher rake angles such as that disclosed in present applicant's US Patent # 5,376,410 and corresponding Canadian Patent #
1,330,521 wherein is disclosed a method of raising burrs from a substrate so as to provide improved adhesive bonding thereto.
In other material cutting applications (machining, not slicing) it is also well known that rake angle is an important determining factor in cutting parameters such as force-power required, speed, vibration, chip control, tooth longevity, and surface quality of the cut piece. Blade teeth that are limited to relatively low rake angles of 5-12 do not allow optimization of these factors. With the present invention rake angles can be easily increased to 45 and more.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In Fig 3 the top view shows a die base 3 having a ball spacer plate 2 positionable by set screws 8 holding die balls 1. Cross piece 8' (on either end) serves as a nut for screws 8 . In Fig 1 the cross section shows die base 3 having slot for hardened, ball support anvil 4 resting on full length strip(s) of shim material 6. The same slot is widened at the top for ball spacer plate 2. Fence 5 is shown as part of base 3 but it may also be a separate piece to allow adustability.
Locator 7 held by screw 7' is laterally adjustable to enable accurate positioning the blade of tooth blanks, shown in dotted outline, over ball punches 1.
Locater 7 may have a disk-shaped end that is a location (snug) fit in a notch so as to not require sliding the blade blank to ensure contact along an edge of the notch.
Locater 7 may be made taller with a tapered cone disk end to quickly locate in notch 22 in which case a relief may be required in ram A. In Fig 3a is shown the processed blade blank now a toothed or saw blade. In Fig 3a blade stock 20 shows dimples la which have caused tooth tip 21 to ascend above tooth heel 25 which is also the original blade blank datum edge. All cutting teeth 22 defined between notches 23 now have a rake angle 27 (shown here at N45 ) relative to vertical reference line 28' and a clearance angle 29 relative to horizontal reference line 28. The larger and deeper the dimple la the greater the clearance angle 29 which, in turn, defines the rate of material removal by the tooth. More clearance yields faster penetration or 'bite' into the substrate. In Fig 2 the blade stock 20 is shown having dimple la formed on leading edge of tooth blank 22 by ball punch 1 in reaction to force of ram A. Thus blade pieces pre-cut to length and pre-notched may be individually placed against fence 5 and locator 7 such that all tooth blanks 22 rest precisely on respective ball punches 1. When pressed by ram A tooth blanks 22 on blade bank 20 are all forced onto ball punches 1 forming dimples la on all tooth blanks thereby making them into cutting teeth and thereby making a toothed or saw blade out of the blade blank 20.
It is to be understood that the steel used for this process must be ductile with a heat treating process to follow. Alternatively bi-metal blade stock may be used with the tool edge pre-hardened, the notches machine ground out, and the ductile, blade body, dimpled as above.
In Figs 4, 5, 6, and 7 is shown a method of making toothed blades continuously from long lengths of pre-notched blade stock. The mechanism comprises opposing rollers 30 whose peripheries have regularly spaced opposed fittings that alternately index the blade notch and squeeze a dimple to form the cutting tooth.
In Fig 4, 5, 6 rollers 30 carry a plurality of opposing ball punches 1 and notch indexers 10 and 11. By this means, pre-notched blade stock fed between the rollers have the notches 23 in lock step with indexers 10, 11. This maintains the tooth blanks 22 in the precise position to be acted upon by ball punches 1 thus maintaining accurate dimple placement for repeatable tooth rake angle and tooth tip displacement. When ball punches 1 are at their closest, the distance between them is less than the thickness of the blade stock thereby causing a dimple to be squeezed in the tooth blank. Blade stock 20 shown in side view in Fig 8 includes notch 23, tooth blank 22, datum edge 25, and displaced tooth tip 21. Dimples la and lb are shown in locations that produce the desired metal flow to create tooth tip 21. Indexers 10 and 11 are shown as ball and socket for illustrative purposes, it being clear that numerous ways of indexing can be used. For example, in figure 4 indexers 10 may be spring loaded as shown at 12. It is also shown that ball punches 1 are spherical although other shapes may be used to particular advantage, and, in particular, those shaped to fit perfectly with the chosen notch 23 shape and angle. If tooth spacing is close, it may be necessary to use parallel rows of rollers geared or timed together in series, with rollers dimpling alternate teeth for example.
In Fig 7 is shown a side view of the same embodiment of Fig 4, 5, 6 where disk 31 serves as a rotating base for blade stock 20 to locate against. Dotted line represents the datum or original edge of the blade stock while the tooth tip 21 is shown raised thereabove and lower dotted line 26 indicates the depth or root of notches 23. (See figure 8). Note the blade stock must run through with the notches 23 facing upwards to prevent their damage on disk 31.
In Fig 9 is shown a representation of a punch and dies setup where punch 40 has an auxiliary ball punch 1. Blade stock 20 is moved across die 41 such that punch 40 removes a piece of metal as it enters die hole 42 thereby creating a tooth blank. As punch 40 descends further, ball punch 1 attachment strikes blade stock 20 in a select location thereby creating dimple la and causing tooth tip to move below datum edge 25. In this way plain metal stock may be converted to fully toothed blades in a single stage operation. The punch and die set of Fig may also incorporate means to bend or otherwise deform the tooth blank. In Fig is shown other means of dimpling and/or notching blade strip 20 using light beam interruption. Light source 50 sends light beam 51 to receiver 52. As blade stock 20 moves, light beam 51 is repeatedly interrupted (blocked by tooth blank 22 and transmitted through notch 23) to light receiver 52. This provides continuous trigger information for a punch and die set to create dimples 1a. Punch im and punch im' may be identical, creating dimples 1a on opposite faces of tooth blank 22. Alternatively punch im may be an anvil held stationary by force 19 to support tooth 22 when force 1h makes punch im' strike a tooth blank 22. Multiple sets of punches Im, Im', lp, lr operated by forces of resistance or motion represented by 19, ih, 1 j, 1k respectively may all be indexed from light beam trigger 51.
Punches 1m, im', ip, Ir may be shaped in a complementary manner to cause tooth blank 22 to both be dimpled and to bend to a side, known as tooth set. For example if punch 1m is ball ended while opposing punch 1m' is slightly concave, the tooth will be both dimpled and curved out of the plane of the blade blank face. In this way teeth may be alternately set to each side, or left straight or formed like traditional toothed blades. Punches Im, im' may also be a punch and die set as shown in Fig 9 whereby both notching and tooth dimpling are carried out continuously.
Other variations such as ball dedents for locating notches, and methods of operation of punches such as by cam, solenoid, pneumatic, hydraulic, impact, and projectile (air gun) may be used in the present invention. Further, the notches may be cut at varying angles to the blade stock datum edge giving different rake angles along a length of blade. Notches 23 may also be made at varying spacing along the length. Moreover, the datum edge 25 may first be shaped as , for example, with a radius (concave or convex) along it's length. This would leave each tooth with a curved tip for certain purposes. Other edge shapes such as a vee may be contemplated.
So is taught new and novel methods of forming toothed blades where teeth of high and low rake angle, with different rake angles, different tooth spacing, and tooth set, may be rapidly formed at low cost.
The present invention is in the field of toothed cutting blades such as saw blades, and discloses methods of forming same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
One objective of the present invention is to provide improved tooth geometry on toothed saw blades such as those used in bandsaws, jig saws, saber saws, hack saws, wood saws and the like. Currently such blades have rake angles (incline angle of tooth leading edge) that are typically 5 and rarely exceed 12 . There is application for blades that have much higher rake angles such as that disclosed in present applicant's US Patent # 5,376,410 and corresponding Canadian Patent #
1,330,521 wherein is disclosed a method of raising burrs from a substrate so as to provide improved adhesive bonding thereto.
In other material cutting applications (machining, not slicing) it is also well known that rake angle is an important determining factor in cutting parameters such as force-power required, speed, vibration, chip control, tooth longevity, and surface quality of the cut piece. Blade teeth that are limited to relatively low rake angles of 5-12 do not allow optimization of these factors. With the present invention rake angles can be easily increased to 45 and more.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In Fig 3 the top view shows a die base 3 having a ball spacer plate 2 positionable by set screws 8 holding die balls 1. Cross piece 8' (on either end) serves as a nut for screws 8 . In Fig 1 the cross section shows die base 3 having slot for hardened, ball support anvil 4 resting on full length strip(s) of shim material 6. The same slot is widened at the top for ball spacer plate 2. Fence 5 is shown as part of base 3 but it may also be a separate piece to allow adustability.
Locator 7 held by screw 7' is laterally adjustable to enable accurate positioning the blade of tooth blanks, shown in dotted outline, over ball punches 1.
Locater 7 may have a disk-shaped end that is a location (snug) fit in a notch so as to not require sliding the blade blank to ensure contact along an edge of the notch.
Locater 7 may be made taller with a tapered cone disk end to quickly locate in notch 22 in which case a relief may be required in ram A. In Fig 3a is shown the processed blade blank now a toothed or saw blade. In Fig 3a blade stock 20 shows dimples la which have caused tooth tip 21 to ascend above tooth heel 25 which is also the original blade blank datum edge. All cutting teeth 22 defined between notches 23 now have a rake angle 27 (shown here at N45 ) relative to vertical reference line 28' and a clearance angle 29 relative to horizontal reference line 28. The larger and deeper the dimple la the greater the clearance angle 29 which, in turn, defines the rate of material removal by the tooth. More clearance yields faster penetration or 'bite' into the substrate. In Fig 2 the blade stock 20 is shown having dimple la formed on leading edge of tooth blank 22 by ball punch 1 in reaction to force of ram A. Thus blade pieces pre-cut to length and pre-notched may be individually placed against fence 5 and locator 7 such that all tooth blanks 22 rest precisely on respective ball punches 1. When pressed by ram A tooth blanks 22 on blade bank 20 are all forced onto ball punches 1 forming dimples la on all tooth blanks thereby making them into cutting teeth and thereby making a toothed or saw blade out of the blade blank 20.
It is to be understood that the steel used for this process must be ductile with a heat treating process to follow. Alternatively bi-metal blade stock may be used with the tool edge pre-hardened, the notches machine ground out, and the ductile, blade body, dimpled as above.
In Figs 4, 5, 6, and 7 is shown a method of making toothed blades continuously from long lengths of pre-notched blade stock. The mechanism comprises opposing rollers 30 whose peripheries have regularly spaced opposed fittings that alternately index the blade notch and squeeze a dimple to form the cutting tooth.
In Fig 4, 5, 6 rollers 30 carry a plurality of opposing ball punches 1 and notch indexers 10 and 11. By this means, pre-notched blade stock fed between the rollers have the notches 23 in lock step with indexers 10, 11. This maintains the tooth blanks 22 in the precise position to be acted upon by ball punches 1 thus maintaining accurate dimple placement for repeatable tooth rake angle and tooth tip displacement. When ball punches 1 are at their closest, the distance between them is less than the thickness of the blade stock thereby causing a dimple to be squeezed in the tooth blank. Blade stock 20 shown in side view in Fig 8 includes notch 23, tooth blank 22, datum edge 25, and displaced tooth tip 21. Dimples la and lb are shown in locations that produce the desired metal flow to create tooth tip 21. Indexers 10 and 11 are shown as ball and socket for illustrative purposes, it being clear that numerous ways of indexing can be used. For example, in figure 4 indexers 10 may be spring loaded as shown at 12. It is also shown that ball punches 1 are spherical although other shapes may be used to particular advantage, and, in particular, those shaped to fit perfectly with the chosen notch 23 shape and angle. If tooth spacing is close, it may be necessary to use parallel rows of rollers geared or timed together in series, with rollers dimpling alternate teeth for example.
In Fig 7 is shown a side view of the same embodiment of Fig 4, 5, 6 where disk 31 serves as a rotating base for blade stock 20 to locate against. Dotted line represents the datum or original edge of the blade stock while the tooth tip 21 is shown raised thereabove and lower dotted line 26 indicates the depth or root of notches 23. (See figure 8). Note the blade stock must run through with the notches 23 facing upwards to prevent their damage on disk 31.
In Fig 9 is shown a representation of a punch and dies setup where punch 40 has an auxiliary ball punch 1. Blade stock 20 is moved across die 41 such that punch 40 removes a piece of metal as it enters die hole 42 thereby creating a tooth blank. As punch 40 descends further, ball punch 1 attachment strikes blade stock 20 in a select location thereby creating dimple la and causing tooth tip to move below datum edge 25. In this way plain metal stock may be converted to fully toothed blades in a single stage operation. The punch and die set of Fig may also incorporate means to bend or otherwise deform the tooth blank. In Fig is shown other means of dimpling and/or notching blade strip 20 using light beam interruption. Light source 50 sends light beam 51 to receiver 52. As blade stock 20 moves, light beam 51 is repeatedly interrupted (blocked by tooth blank 22 and transmitted through notch 23) to light receiver 52. This provides continuous trigger information for a punch and die set to create dimples 1a. Punch im and punch im' may be identical, creating dimples 1a on opposite faces of tooth blank 22. Alternatively punch im may be an anvil held stationary by force 19 to support tooth 22 when force 1h makes punch im' strike a tooth blank 22. Multiple sets of punches Im, Im', lp, lr operated by forces of resistance or motion represented by 19, ih, 1 j, 1k respectively may all be indexed from light beam trigger 51.
Punches 1m, im', ip, Ir may be shaped in a complementary manner to cause tooth blank 22 to both be dimpled and to bend to a side, known as tooth set. For example if punch 1m is ball ended while opposing punch 1m' is slightly concave, the tooth will be both dimpled and curved out of the plane of the blade blank face. In this way teeth may be alternately set to each side, or left straight or formed like traditional toothed blades. Punches Im, im' may also be a punch and die set as shown in Fig 9 whereby both notching and tooth dimpling are carried out continuously.
Other variations such as ball dedents for locating notches, and methods of operation of punches such as by cam, solenoid, pneumatic, hydraulic, impact, and projectile (air gun) may be used in the present invention. Further, the notches may be cut at varying angles to the blade stock datum edge giving different rake angles along a length of blade. Notches 23 may also be made at varying spacing along the length. Moreover, the datum edge 25 may first be shaped as , for example, with a radius (concave or convex) along it's length. This would leave each tooth with a curved tip for certain purposes. Other edge shapes such as a vee may be contemplated.
So is taught new and novel methods of forming toothed blades where teeth of high and low rake angle, with different rake angles, different tooth spacing, and tooth set, may be rapidly formed at low cost.
Claims (4)
1. A method of making toothed cutting blades from strip stock material, where said strip has face and edge surfaces and where at least one said edge is deformable, the method comprising the steps of:
forming a plurality of notches along at least one said edge of said strip stock to create tooth blanks therebetween;
each said tooth blank having a leading side and a trailing side said leading side defined as that being in the direction of said cutting;
each said tooth blank having a toe at the tip of said leading side and a heel at the tip of said trailing side;
using at least a portion of at least one of said notches in cooperation with indexable means;
force means in cooperation with said indexable means arranged for deforming at least one of said tooth blanks at at least one predetermined location;
one of said at least one predetermined location being biased towards said leading side of said tooth blank;
said deforming resulting in the lengthening of at least said leading side and the displacement of said toe out of plane with said heel to create a cutting tip and thereby a cutting blade.
forming a plurality of notches along at least one said edge of said strip stock to create tooth blanks therebetween;
each said tooth blank having a leading side and a trailing side said leading side defined as that being in the direction of said cutting;
each said tooth blank having a toe at the tip of said leading side and a heel at the tip of said trailing side;
using at least a portion of at least one of said notches in cooperation with indexable means;
force means in cooperation with said indexable means arranged for deforming at least one of said tooth blanks at at least one predetermined location;
one of said at least one predetermined location being biased towards said leading side of said tooth blank;
said deforming resulting in the lengthening of at least said leading side and the displacement of said toe out of plane with said heel to create a cutting tip and thereby a cutting blade.
2. The method of Claim 1 where said tooth blanks have said localized pressure applied concurrently.
3. The method of Claim 1 where said tooth blanks have said localized pressure applied sequentially.
4.. A punch and die to said form said notches along said strip and to said deform said resulting tooth blanks in a single operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2349042 CA2349042C (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Toothed blade manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2349042 CA2349042C (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Toothed blade manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2349042A1 CA2349042A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 |
| CA2349042C true CA2349042C (en) | 2007-11-13 |
Family
ID=4169133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2349042 Expired - Fee Related CA2349042C (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Toothed blade manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2349042C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102126135B (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-11-21 | 四川朗迪塑胶电器有限公司 | Automatic forming machine for metal fan impeller |
| CN109277862B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2024-04-02 | 宜昌市蓝德光电机械有限公司 | Ratchet wheel machining clamp and machining method |
-
2001
- 2001-05-29 CA CA 2349042 patent/CA2349042C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2349042A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |