CA2343877C - Method for increasing the rate of article production by a stacked mold - Google Patents

Abstract

An injection mold for use with a molding press has four mold levels in axially stacked relation, permitting a substantial doubling of output for a given size of press as compared with a back-to-back two level stacked mold. The mold feeder flow path extends axially from the injector head to a flow distribution block located at the centre of the stacked mold block series. The centrally located distribution block is connected, in use isolation, sealed relation with the injector head, being axially displaceable therefrom in contin-uing sealed relation upon the opening of the mold. A drool prevention valve system, located at two of the mold inter-faces, to preclude drooling of fluid plastic stock upon open-ing of the molds includes pressure fluid actuators for operat-ing the valves, wherein the pressure fluid may comprise the fluid plastic stock. The valve system also includes a de-pressurizing valve provision, wherein, upon opening of the mold interfaces the stock distribution passages are substan-tially depressurized, to thereby reduce any tendency to drool.
The mold includes axial adjustment means to compensate for differential variations in overall mold length within the press, due to changes in effective mold temperature.

Description

METHOD FOR INCREASING THE RATE OF ARTICLE PRODUCTION
BY A STACKED MOLL) This is a divisional application of Canadian Patent Application Serial No.

2,022,060, filed on July 26, 1990, and entitled "Mufti-Lcwel Stacked Mold System".
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention is directed to a plastic mold system, and in particular, to a multi-stack mold system.
BACKGROUND ART
The use of cavity die molds has progressed from the use of single cavity dies, through mufti-cavity dies, to the use of 2-level stacked mold arrangements. In such arrangements, the available axial compressive force provided by the molding press is utilized in a pair of molds arranged in back-to-back relation, so as to effectively double the productive capacity of the machine for substantially the same press loading.
Such an arrangement gives a doubled production rate with liti;le increase in the axial loading required of the press.
The production levels that are presently achievable are limited to 2-level stack molding i.e. the number of articles per injection cycle is limited to the total contents of each of two levels, being generally twice the number of cavities per single mold face or level.
The effective working of such arrangements, depends among other things, on the provision of balanced feeder flow paths to all of the die cavities.
The mold stack is subject to differential expansion, axially, between different groups of parts thereof, namely the hot runner system and the mold body.
Various aspects of the prior art relating to injection molding, including die construction for stock flow symmetry; inflow feed nozzles; value gate actuation; melt or feed transfer, including mold block to mold block stock transfer; drool prevention; mold stack construction; and block heater provisions may be found in the following United States patents, cited as being but illustrative of the prior art:
2,770,011 Nov. 1956, Vely; 3,533,594 Oct. 1970, Segmuler;
__ ~.._ -_._ ___T _~r_ 3,806,295 Apr. 1974, Gellert; 3,843,294 C!cfi.. 1974, Bielfeidt et al.; 4,207,051 June 1980, Wright et al.; 4,212,626, July 1980, Gellert; 4,309,163 Jan. 1982, Cottanc~.n; 4,473,347 Sept.
1989, Terashima; 8,477,242 Oct. 1984, E:Lchlseder et ai.;

4,586,887 May 1986, Gellert; 4,599,064 July 1986, Landis et al.; 4,663,811 May 1987, Gellerts 4,559,971 June 1987, Gellert.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a stacked injection mold system suitable for use with a plurality of four or more mold blocks in mutually stacked relation.
Zn a mold system embodiment according to the present invention having a stacked injection mold containing at least four levels of mold cavities in a plurality of mold blocks, stock feed distribution means including a fused block located intermediately of the mold blocks to receive'fluent feed stock from a stock injection. head, and stock passage means connect-ing the feed block with the injection head and the mold blocks. in use to transfer stock to the mold cavities fxom the infection head; and isolating means to isolai:e the feed block from feed transfer relation with the mold blocks and the in-jection head.
The separable mold and feed blocks foxzn a plurality of block interfaces between each other; stock distribution passage means in the blocks ~ span ~ the interfaces thereof when the mold is in a closed condition, the fold blocks being in flow connecting relation with the fee block to form stock flowpaths therewith, and drool prevention va~lvea located at the interfaces to substantially preclude drooling of the plastic stock from the fiowpaths at the j.nterfaces, upon opening of the interfaces.
The drool prevention valves are pr~sferably located on each side of, and axially adjoining the respective block interfaces.

In the preferred embodiment the valves are pressure fluid actuated.
In one embodiment the preferred actuating fluid comprises the plastic fluid stock, wherein the valves. are actuated, at least in part, in response to changes in the pressure of the stock.
In one embodiment stock depressur:Lzation valve means are provided in association with t:he stocl~ flow path, being operable in response to force generating means within the mold, to reduce stock pressure within the stock flow path.
The stock depressurization valve force generating .
'means may have pressure responsive actuator means to drive the valve in pressure modifying relation with th.e flow path..
The pressure responsive actuator means may include a fluid actuated piston having return spring nneans whereby upon reduction in pressure of the fluid acting upon the piston the return spring means become. effective to displace the piston, thereby actuating the valve in a local stock depressurizing action.
In an arrangement having a spring driven piston connected in closing relation with a valve stem, and having a valve head portion movable axially into sealing relation with a valve seat. the valve seat may itself be axially movable along the axis of the valve stem, in use to. permit axial displacement of the valve head portion and t;he valve seat in mutual sealing engagement, while effecting a. local change in volume to the stock flow path.
Thus, one embodiment of the invention may comprise a drool prevention valve for use in a molding apparatus, the valve having~a seat portion located within a passageway for the passage of fluid therepast, , a valve stem connected in~
controlling relation with a valve head; the head being displaceable axially by the stem into sealing engagement With the seat portion, and guide passage means receiving the seat portion in axially displaceable relation the:rein, to permit displacement of the head and the seat in mutually engaged _ sealing relation along the guide passage means, whereby the passageway has the volume thereof effectively increased, in use to diminish the pressure of fluid contained therein. The drool prevention valve may have axial loading means connected with the valve stem, in displacement controlling relation.
The valve head of the drool' prevention valve, located in one of the mold blocks, has an axially outer end face.seat; a flow passage abuttment means expending from the adjacent block connects with the valve e3nd face seat in separable, sealing relation therewith, then abuttment means being moved axially into sealing relation ~~ith the valve end face seat on closing of the mold.
The stacked injection mold in accordance with the invention may be provided with axial adjustment means for compensating for differential thermal e:Kpansion effects related to the effective axial lengths of certain of the mold components when in a closed condition.
in the preferred embodiment the axial adjustment means has moveable ~abuttment means thereof in axial, length compensating relation with stock feed components of the mold;
and length compensating means to adjust they effective axial position of the abuttment means whereby changes in the forces acting upon the stock feed components due to thermal variations between respective mold components may be effec-tively compensated.
The mold axial adjustment means may include ramp means having an inclined surface movable in wedging relation with an abuttment surface of the mold, the angle o!
inclination of the inclined ramp surface being less than the angle of friction, in use to preclude overhauling between the inclined surface and the abuttment surface, on the application of press closure forces thereagainst during operation of the mold.
=n the preferred embodiment ramp positioning means are pxovided for repositioning the ramp means relative to the abuttment surface, to permit selective adjusttment of closure _ _. ..-.._ forces acting against stock flow path portions of the mold when in a closed condition thereof.
A contamination barrier may be provided about the primary stock flow path. This flow path extends through that mold block which is positioned in the mold stack at the location closest to the injection head, to convey heated stock from the injection head, through tha mold block to the distribution block. When the specified mold ~ilock is opened, upon the completion of a molding cycle, for the ejection of the molded product, the provision of a contamination barrier about the stock feeder pxevents contact o:E ejected product with the hot outer surface of the stocl~: feeder, In s preferred embodiment the contamination barrier may comprise a low force coil spring surrounding the exposed axial length of the stock feeder, in radially spaced relation therefrom, The coil spring barrier stabilizes thermally at a temperature well below that of the stock flow path, and sermas to deflect any molded product falling against the barrier, to preclude contact and sticking of the product to then feeder, and to prevent accidental contact of an operators hands with the high temperature surface of the stock feeder.
When the mold stack closes, the coihs of the barrier spring compress,. to occupy recesses in the respective block faces, surrounding the stock feeder.
In operation, upon opening of the mold, the operation of the anti-drool valves and. the axial separation of the mold blocks from the distribution block serves to isolate the distribution block. However in some circumstances- it may be found that the system can be. operated without the occurrence of drooling upon opening of the mold, without the operation. of the anti-drool valves.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIN(3g Certain embodiments of the inventic>n are described by way of illustration, without limitation of the invention thereto, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure i is a schematic side elevation of a portion of an injection molding press having a stacked mold in accordance with the present invention mountE~d therein;
Figure 2 is a schematic plan .view of the stacked mold of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a schematic arrangement showing the stock distribution flow path of Figures 1 and 2;
Figure 4 is a section taken at 4-4 of Figure 2, showing one possible mold die arrangement; and, Figure 5 is an enlarged detail, 3n diametrical section, of a portion of the Figure 2 arrangement.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Referring to Figures i and 2, an injection press 7 for molding thermoplastic elastomers has an injection head 8 with a movable platen 9 and a stationary platen ii, between which is mounted a mold 10, in accordance with -the present invention.
The mold system 10 comprises a 4-layer stacked mold, sized to fit within a standard press, bearing against the mold pressure heads 12 arid. 14. A stock feeder connection i6 connects with the injector head 8 of press 7.
First and second back-to-back mold blocks 18, 20 are located respectively on opposite. sides of a centrally~located feed distributor.block 2,2.
The distributor block 22 .is dynamj:cally mobile, in that it is connected by way of the feeder 32 and feeder connection 16 with the press. injection head 8, and also with the secondary feeders 38, 40 when in the mold-closed condition. Upon opetsirigv of the mold the disi:ributor block 22 becomes separated from the in3ectiori head 8 arid also from the mold secondary feeders 38, 40.
The mold system 10, shown in its closed, operative molding condition, upon completion of the stock injection phase expands axially, by separation between head 8 and platen _.-~,. --.-----~_--9. on opening of the press.
The head, 8 being fixed, the mold head 14 also remains stationary, and mold stack components 20, iB, and 12, together with the feed distributor block 22 are moved progressively leftwardly, as illustrat~sd, so that the respective four mold. interfaces 24, 26. 28 and 30 each opens equally, to an axial extent necessary to permit clear ejection of the molded components from their respective mold die cavities, while also providing total isolation of the feed block.
Synchronized axial displacement of the stacked mold components 12, 18, 20 and 22 1n relation to the stationary platen l1 and pressure head 14 occurs on axially extending arbor bars (not shown), Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the stack primary feeder 32 is of fixed length, and is located on t;he main or polar axis of mold 10.
The primary feeder 32 is secured ito the centrally located distributor' block 22, being attached at 16 to the stock feed pressure head 8 when the xaold, is closed, and separating therefrom when the mold 10 is opEaned. The feeder 32 extends in radially separated relation through mold block 20. Upon opening of the mold 10 axial separation of the mold component:a takes placer thereby exposing portions of the stock primary feeder 32 outside the associated mold block component parts. At this time extensible contamination barrier springs 96. detailed below, come into play t:o isolate the feeder 32.
Branch feed connections 34, 36 in distributor block 22 connect respectively axially forwardly ancg rearwardly to respective mold feeders 3B, 40 located in then respective mold blocks 18, 20.
. The feeders 38, 40 in turn each branch axially forwardly and rearwardly within mold blocks lEl, 20 to feed the respective multiple die cavities 42 within each of tha mold blocks. =t will be understood that the quadruple die arrangement of Figure 4 is purely iilustrat.ive, and is not -limiting hereon.
Each double mold 18, 20 has a respective pair of interfaces 28, 30; 29 and 26, where the respective molds open.
i.e. they "split".
At the mold interfaces 26, 28 there are located anti-drool valve arrangements, compriain~ a pressure responsive valve 46 .located on the "upstream" side of each stock secondary feeder. at the interfaces 'and a remotely actuated valve 48 at the downstream side of inter'taces 26, 28.
The valve 48 is indicated schematically at interface 26 of Figure 2, and shown in detail in Figure 5.
Figure 5 also shows in more particulars an adjustable mold lack-up loading system 50 having a transversely driven wedge 51, positioned by piston 52 in axial loading relation by way of an axial thrust bar 56 acting against the end face 54 of the body of valve 48.
In operation tha wedge 51 is precisely positioned laterally by a double acting hydraulic actuator 58, such that on closure of the press 7 a predetermined closure force is applied to compensate for the effects of differential thermal expansion in the system. The axial force generated on closure of the press 7,. as modified by loading system 50, is applied at block interfaces 26: 28, to ensure an absence of stock drool or spurt when injection. pressure is applied, The transverse location of Wedge 51, by actu~tto~r 48, determines the extent of differential displacement of .the plastic feeder system flowpatha relative to the mold 10, o:n closure of the press 9, in order to maintain effective loading at the valve interfaces 26, 28 to prevent spurt or leakesge in the stock secondary distributors.
Referring to Figuxe.5, the branch feed connection 36 terminates in a pressure responsive cut off valve 46 at the interface 26. The valve 46 is s well knovra commercial type,.
o! which a number of different makes are noriaally used for stock flow control at the injector interface.

g _ The radiused face 66 of valve '46 connects in stock ' sealing relation with seal face 67 of the valve 48. which controls stock flow to the mold feeder 40.
The valve 48 has a body portion 68 with stock flow passage 70 therethrough, extending between Fuz upstream seat ?2 and lateral port ?4, connecting to tha feeder 40.~
An elongated valve spindle 76 hays a tapered valve head ?8, to sealingly engage the seat ?2.
The valve seat ?2 is mounted in an axially slidable nose portion 80 slidably mounted in a guide passage 81, and secured to valve body 68 to permit displacement in an upstream direction by a distance C, indicated at 82.
The valve spindle ?6 includes a conical piston face 84, and has a control piston 86 located within cylinder 88.
A coiled compression spring 90 abuts the downstream end face of control piston 86. Pressure flu:ld connections 92, 94, which may be pneumatic or hydraulic, connect with the respective upstream and downstream ends of c3!linder 88.
Fluid pressure, pneumatic or hydraulic, may be used by way of the connections 92, 94 to suI>plement or as a substitute for the spring 90.
=n operation, with the press ? in a closed condition, such that interface 26 is tightly closed, the radiused end face 66 of valve 46 is held in sealing relation with the nose portion 80, forcing the nose portion 80 'axially rightwardly, as viewed in the drawings, in a downstream direction to abut its housing, so as to compress the spring 90 and take-up the clearance C, at 82.
Upon actuation of the press injector (not shown), to admit fluid stock to the feeder 32, the injection pressure at 36 serves to open the valves 46 and 48, admititing the stock by waY of the feeder 40 to the respective mold cavities.
Termination of injection pressure by the press injector reduces stock pressure within the nnold 10, so that valves 46 and 48 can both close.
As the press ? opens, withdrawing .end face 66 from - 10 ' nose portion 80, the spring 90 drives the piston 86-leftwardly, to displace valve spindle ?6, along with the valve head ?8 seated in sealing relation on seat ?2, leftwardly in the upstream direction. The nose portion 80 slides axially upstream, taking up the clearance C. This displacement increases the internal flow passage volume adjoining nose poxtion 80, within mold block 20, effectively diminishing the internal pressure acting on the fluid feed 'stock. As the press continues to open, stock flow in the thus depresisurized distributors 18, 20 terminates, and no drooling occurs, either into the mold cavities or between the mold interfaces as the dies eject the molded components.
Closure of~the press reverses the travel action of valve 48, and commencement of a further injection cycle can proceed.
Owing to. the generally higher temperature of the injected stock, relative to the mold system, the temperature of the stock feed path rises, in relation to the mold, which in turn gives rise'to differential thermal expansion of the feed stock distribution means, relative to the mold blocks and the feed block.
Referring to the loading adjustment system 50.
axial closure forces applied by the press ? are transmitted axially against wedge 51 to thrust membe:'s .56, 54, thus determining the axial sealing force and corre:aponding reaction force exerted at the respective seal faces. 66, 6? of the valves 46 and 48. A spring 53 maintains thrust members 56, 54 in a forward, lightly pre-loaded condition.
Prior to closure of the press 9 at start-up the piston 52 of the load adjustment system 50 may be adjusted radially, in accordance with changes is tlae steady state temperature of the mold stack 10 and the feed stock distribution means. The piston 52 is adjusted. radially, so as to allow for the differential axial growth which developer between the stock feed distribution means ar.~d the component parts of the mold stack.
Thus, as the temperature of the flow distributor channels initially increases rapidly relative to the mold stack 10, the wedge portion 51 is backed off, to maintain a substantially constant closure force at they valve interfaces 66, 67 of the feed stock distribution means. As the temperature of mold stack rises, to reach a steady state, the wedge 51 may be readjusted, to maintain a consistent range of closure force.
The adjustment provided by the load adjustment system 50 can thus ensure that sufficient closing force 18 applied at the respective valve interfaces to preclude spurting of liquid stock feed, under pressure into the interspaces of the mold during the production. cycles.
The angle A of the wedge portion :ii is selected to be less than the angle of friction of the associated contact faces, so that the application of the therma:L expansion load, P, cannot produce overhauling displacement forces acting along the wedge 51. ' ' =t is contemplated that a load cell may be incorporated in the line of action of wedges 51, such as in association .with thrust member 56, to provide an output connected in controlling relation with the actuator 58. such actuation, generally, would be corrective in nature, so that positioning of wedge 51 would be corrected. at the time of opening of the press 7, in order to maintain loads applied by the wedge to the thrust member 56 and associated feed distributor components within predetermined safe operational limits for succeeding injection cycles. .
Referring to Figures 2 and 3, contamination barriers 96 comprising multicoil springs 97 contained witlliin recesses 98, 99, serve to protect the stock feeder 32 against contamination by molded product fa111nQ thereagainst and ac9hering thereto, when the mold stack is opened. The springs 9~7 also serve an important safety function, to prevent accidental contact by the mold operator with the hot outer surfaces of primary - is -feeder 32 which otherwise would be exposed upon opening of the press ? and mold 10.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
This stacked mold system, is particularly suited to the plastics molding industry, for the repetitive mass production of plastic articles by injection molding.

Claims (5)

CLAIMS:

1. A method of significantly increasing the rate of article production by a stacked mold in a molding press having a predetermined upper limit to the axial press force available, including the steps of increasing the number of levels of mold cavities while maintaining axial symmetry of the levels about a central position; locating a stock distribution block at the central position; connecting the stock distribution block to an injection head for the press, and to the mold cavities when the mold is in a closed condition; and separating and isolating the distribution block from the injection head and from the mold cavities when the press is open.

2. The method as set forth in claim 1, including the step of simultaneously reducing the internal pressure of stock within the distribution block during said block separation step, to diminish the likelihood of stock spillage.

3. The method as set forth in claim 1, including the step of differentially adjusting the extent of axial closure force applied to selected portions of the mold in accordance with differential thermal expansion acting thereon as a consequence of internal thermal gradients established in the mold.

4. A method of significantly increasing the rate of article production by a stacked mold in a molding press having a predetermined upper limit to the axial force applied by the press, in holding the stacked components of the mold in closed, mutually compressing relation, including the steps of increasing to at least four levels the number of levels of mold cavities while maintaining axial symmetry of the levels about a central axial position;
locating a stock distribution block at the central axial position; connecting the stock distribution block to an injection head for the press, and to stock flow paths to the mold cavities when the mold is in a closed condition; simultaneously injecting thermoplastic material into all said cavities at substantially the same rate of injection;
and simultaneously separating and isolating the distribution block from the injection head and from the mold cavities during opening of the mold.

5. The method as set forth in claim 1, including the stop of reducing the internal pressure of material within the distribution block during said black separation step, to diminish the likelihood of material spillage.