CA2325433A1 - Method for inhibiting the deposition of white pitch in paper production - Google Patents
Method for inhibiting the deposition of white pitch in paper production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2325433A1 CA2325433A1 CA 2325433 CA2325433A CA2325433A1 CA 2325433 A1 CA2325433 A1 CA 2325433A1 CA 2325433 CA2325433 CA 2325433 CA 2325433 A CA2325433 A CA 2325433A CA 2325433 A1 CA2325433 A1 CA 2325433A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- coated paper
- pitch
- ppm
- deposition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- -1 Ethyleneamine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- VIBDJEWPNNCFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,1,2-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)O VIBDJEWPNNCFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010817 post-consumer waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/02—Working-up waste paper
- D21C5/022—Chemicals therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/08—Removal of fats, resins, pitch or waxes; Chemical or physical purification, i.e. refining, of crude cellulose by removing non-cellulosic contaminants, optionally combined with bleaching
- D21C9/086—Removal of fats, resins, pitch or waxes; Chemical or physical purification, i.e. refining, of crude cellulose by removing non-cellulosic contaminants, optionally combined with bleaching with organic compounds or compositions comprising organic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/64—Paper recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/04—Pitch control
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/047,803 US6153049A (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Method for inhibiting the deposition of white pitch in paper production using ethylene amine compound |
| US09/047,803 | 1998-03-25 | ||
| PCT/US1999/004792 WO1999049128A1 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1999-03-02 | Method for inhibiting the deposition of white pitch in paper production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2325433A1 true CA2325433A1 (en) | 1999-09-30 |
Family
ID=21951060
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2325433 Abandoned CA2325433A1 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1999-03-02 | Method for inhibiting the deposition of white pitch in paper production |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6153049A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1068388B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2002507671A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU748036B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2325433A1 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69904156T2 (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO20004715D0 (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ506897A (enExample) |
| PL (1) | PL343105A1 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1999049128A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4925234B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-10 | 2012-04-25 | ハイモ株式会社 | 製紙原料処理方法 |
| FI121938B3 (fi) * | 2007-10-01 | 2012-02-29 | Kemira Oyj | Menetelmä kerrostumien muodostumisen kontrolloimiseksi |
| US7847443B2 (en) | 2008-04-10 | 2010-12-07 | Burgess-Norton Mfg. Co., Inc. | Manufacture of electric motor component |
| PT2546410E (pt) | 2011-07-11 | 2014-02-17 | Omya Int Ag | Partículas de carbonato de cálcio hidrofobizado |
| SI2933375T1 (sl) | 2014-04-16 | 2019-07-31 | Omya International Ag | Adsorbiranje in/ali zmanjševanje količine organskih materialov v vodnem mediju z uporabo koloidnega obarjenega kalcijevega karbonata |
| US10648133B2 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2020-05-12 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Tissue dust reduction |
| US11448052B2 (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2022-09-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Cement and anti-corrosion fluid for casing isolation |
| US11453816B2 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2022-09-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Accelerated cement compositions and methods for treating lost circulation zones |
| US11939520B2 (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2024-03-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods and cement compositions for reducing corrosion of wellbore casings |
| US11485894B2 (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2022-11-01 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Accelerated cement compositions and methods for top-job cementing of a wellbore to reduce corrosion |
| US11566157B2 (en) | 2021-02-16 | 2023-01-31 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Water-based drilling fluid compositions and methods for drilling subterranean wells |
| US11492536B2 (en) | 2021-02-16 | 2022-11-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Cement slurries and methods for cementing a casing in a wellbore |
| US11608467B2 (en) | 2021-02-16 | 2023-03-21 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydraulic fracturing fluids with an aqueous base fluid and clay stabilizer and methods for hydraulic fracturing using the same |
| US11535787B2 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2022-12-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Spacer fluids and methods for cementing a casing in a wellbore |
| US12134728B2 (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2024-11-05 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Ethylene amine hydrochloride based shale inhibitor for aqueous drilling fluids |
| US12024669B2 (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2024-07-02 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | C-36 dimer diamine hydrochloride salt as primary viscosifier for invert-emulsion drilling fluids |
| US11807803B1 (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2023-11-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Cement spacer fluid with polyethyleneimine hydrochloride salt as a shale inhibitor |
| US12473828B2 (en) | 2023-02-17 | 2025-11-18 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods for quantifying and tracking amine-based shale inhibitors in drilling fluids |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3619347A (en) * | 1969-03-13 | 1971-11-09 | Salvox Mfg Co | Recovery of wastepaper treated with urea or the like resins to impart wet strength |
| US4643800A (en) * | 1979-11-13 | 1987-02-17 | Diamond Shamrock Chemicals Company | Methods of decontaminating secondary fiber |
| JPS5834650A (ja) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-03-01 | Hitachi Ltd | パケット送受信方式 |
| JPS59161338A (ja) * | 1983-03-04 | 1984-09-12 | Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd | エチレンアミン類炭酸塩水溶液からエチレンアミン類を得る方法 |
| US5131982A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1992-07-21 | Nalco Chemical Company | Use of dadmac containing polymers for coated broke treatment |
| US4997523A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1991-03-05 | Betz Panerchem, Inc. | Method for effectively breaking up latex-coated paper during pulping to decrease the potential for white pitch deposition |
| JPH0517414A (ja) * | 1991-07-04 | 1993-01-26 | Tosoh Corp | エチレンアミンの製造法 |
| JP2562534B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-02 | 1996-12-11 | 本州製紙株式会社 | 古紙再生処理法 |
| JPH06257082A (ja) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-13 | Honshu Paper Co Ltd | 古紙再生処理方法 |
| US5380403A (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1995-01-10 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Amine functional poly(vinyl alcohol) for improving properties of recycled paper |
| US5810970A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1998-09-22 | Ranpak Corporation | Paper strengthened with solubilized collagen and method |
| DE4321819A1 (de) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-12 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Verringerung des Gehalts an feindispergierten Feststoffen in Prozeßwässern der Papierherstellung |
| WO1995029289A1 (en) * | 1994-04-20 | 1995-11-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Paper deinking process using an ethylene oxide and butylene oxide block polyol |
| CA2147781A1 (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1995-10-26 | Jon E. Pearson | Use of polymers containing vinylamine for the treatment of coated broke |
| US5641385A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1997-06-24 | The Dow Chemical Company | Use of ethyleneamine for washing pulp containing lignin |
-
1998
- 1998-03-25 US US09/047,803 patent/US6153049A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-03-02 EP EP99909830A patent/EP1068388B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-02 WO PCT/US1999/004792 patent/WO1999049128A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-03-02 DE DE69904156T patent/DE69904156T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-02 JP JP2000538078A patent/JP2002507671A/ja active Pending
- 1999-03-02 CA CA 2325433 patent/CA2325433A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-03-02 AU AU28948/99A patent/AU748036B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-03-02 NZ NZ50689799A patent/NZ506897A/xx unknown
- 1999-03-02 PL PL34310599A patent/PL343105A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-09-20 US US09/666,035 patent/US6441240B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-21 NO NO20004715A patent/NO20004715D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20004715L (no) | 2000-09-21 |
| EP1068388A1 (en) | 2001-01-17 |
| AU2894899A (en) | 1999-10-18 |
| EP1068388B1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
| US6153049A (en) | 2000-11-28 |
| US6441240B1 (en) | 2002-08-27 |
| PL343105A1 (en) | 2001-07-30 |
| DE69904156D1 (de) | 2003-01-09 |
| NO20004715D0 (no) | 2000-09-21 |
| DE69904156T2 (de) | 2003-03-27 |
| JP2002507671A (ja) | 2002-03-12 |
| WO1999049128A1 (en) | 1999-09-30 |
| AU748036B2 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
| NZ506897A (en) | 2003-01-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |