CA2312596A1 - Fuel saving gasoline-alcohol composition - Google Patents
Fuel saving gasoline-alcohol composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2312596A1 CA2312596A1 CA002312596A CA2312596A CA2312596A1 CA 2312596 A1 CA2312596 A1 CA 2312596A1 CA 002312596 A CA002312596 A CA 002312596A CA 2312596 A CA2312596 A CA 2312596A CA 2312596 A1 CA2312596 A1 CA 2312596A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel composition
- alcohol
- components
- gasoline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
- F02D19/0652—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
- F02D19/0655—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils at least one fuel being an alcohol, e.g. ethanol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
- F02D19/0634—Determining a density, viscosity, composition or concentration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0611—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/70—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle exterior
- F02D2200/702—Road conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
- F02M25/028—Adding water into the charge intakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
A high-octane gasoline-alcohol composition to fuel a combustion engine with an alcohol concentration well beyond the mutual solubility problem. Alcohol blend used could comprise more then few percent of water The components are either delivered to a combustion chamber separately or mixed together just before combustion. Fuel economy results from utilization of a combustion engine with compression ratio matching the fuel composition octane number.
Description
FUEL SAVING GASOLINE -ALCOHOL COMPOSITION
The present invention relies to fuels for combustion engines, particularly for automobiles and to reduce fuel consumption and corresponding gases emission by an internal combustion engine The presented invention is based on two well known in the field facts and is utilizing also a known approach. It is only just a new combination of these factors that makes an invention. Tl fact is that a combustion engine with higher compression ratio (operating on a fuel with octane number) consumes lesser volumes of fuel for the same power output. The second fact an addition of alcohol to gasoline increases the firel octane number (approximately 0.6 % in for 1 % addition of an alcohol).
The basis of alcohol or any other additions to gasoline is the excessive energy concentra~
IO gasoline. It is well known that approximately 30 % of gasoline is used only to produce the w body of gases. The first who tried to overcome this excess was Bangui, corresponding obtained in 1896. Since that time researchers were developing different fuel mixtures, a primarily alcohol and water as additives to produce a fuel blend or emulsion.
"Gasohol"~ is such products: developed in the seventies in order to reduce the volume of oil based part of a be consumed by existing at that time park of internal combustion engines.
Unfortunately an alcohol and gasoline mutual solubility problem limits the alcohol concentr;
less then I O % of alcohol in a blend before the exfoliation takes place.
Presence of water in a further reduces this 10 % limit, so alcohol has to be very concentrated (only few percent of w a blend), but purification of alcohol from water makes it more expensive than gasoline.
20 At the same time from the theory of chain reactions (detonation is one of such) it could be con that water molecules could boost octane number even better than alcohol.
Studies with addi~
water to gasoline by creating gasoline/water emulsion provided at the Moscow State Uni confirmed it, but the cost of emulsion stabilizer was too high to make the obtained fizel comb with gasoline. An addition of water in more then ten percent amounts also reduced the power from an engine (private communication from Prof. N.V. Pertsov) Another also well-known approach was and still is both to keep and to deliver fuel comp separately. Such dual fuel systems, as are disclosed in the US Patent 5,450,832, or US
4,019,477, or US Patent 4,323,046 allow to substitute part of gasoline by other fuel for t purposes. Another dual fuel system like disclosed in the Canadian Patent 01174921 allows to i 30 dual fizel system for operating of the internal combustion engine mostly on a low level number fuel (gasoline) at the edge of detonation by addition of corresponding volumes of alcoh~
To achieve the goal of fuel economy an engine should operate on a fuel with as high octane n as possible, correspondingly the concentration of alcohol have to exceed mutual solubility limi such an engine would not be able to operate on a regular gasoline Such composition wo unstable and so gasoline and alcohol (or natural gas) have to be mixed together either in a , cell just before entering a carburetor or fi~el injector or to be delivered by separate fuel injec~
either an intake manifold or directly to cylinders by same or separate valves.
Thus the fuel woe have time to exfoliate. With the problem of exfoliation being omitted water concentration in blend would not be limited to few percents and thus an alcohol blend could be of concentrations (for example a 70 % blend could still be ignited and the price of such an a 40 blend is less then the same volumes of a gasoline).
Depending on a formulated goal (to adjust an octane number to road conditions, to reduce emission, to reduce oil based component in a fuel, to reduce the price of a mile, etc.) an o~
computer determines the components concentrations and amounts in the fuel; it could also c these concentrations during a single combustion cycle. With the components delivered to an separately it would be easy to ensure better ignition of a fuel by delivering a small portio gasoline directly to the vicinity of spark plugs, to operate at idle conditions on an alcohol er fuel, to vary components concentration during a combustion cycle and in a cylinder volume.
This approach currently looks to provide additional advantages comparing to all other fuel alternatives:
SO
~ Alcohol as an automobile fuel is well known and intensively studied, so there would not bE
unpleasant surprises.
~ Alcohol is manufactured in very large volumes for a long time, thus the production would a limiting factor.
~ Alcohol could be manufactured from quite a variety of raw materials, particularly from prc by local agriculture, so there would be a public support.
~ The same gasoline stations without any costly complications could easy distribute alcohol.
~ An installation of an additional tank, a pump and a fuel line, an increase of an compression ratio, a new program for an onboard computer etc., would not require a co change of an automobile manufacturing process (like for example with a car from alumim an electrically powered one) thus capital investments in manufacturing and training look very reasonable.
The present invention relies to fuels for combustion engines, particularly for automobiles and to reduce fuel consumption and corresponding gases emission by an internal combustion engine The presented invention is based on two well known in the field facts and is utilizing also a known approach. It is only just a new combination of these factors that makes an invention. Tl fact is that a combustion engine with higher compression ratio (operating on a fuel with octane number) consumes lesser volumes of fuel for the same power output. The second fact an addition of alcohol to gasoline increases the firel octane number (approximately 0.6 % in for 1 % addition of an alcohol).
The basis of alcohol or any other additions to gasoline is the excessive energy concentra~
IO gasoline. It is well known that approximately 30 % of gasoline is used only to produce the w body of gases. The first who tried to overcome this excess was Bangui, corresponding obtained in 1896. Since that time researchers were developing different fuel mixtures, a primarily alcohol and water as additives to produce a fuel blend or emulsion.
"Gasohol"~ is such products: developed in the seventies in order to reduce the volume of oil based part of a be consumed by existing at that time park of internal combustion engines.
Unfortunately an alcohol and gasoline mutual solubility problem limits the alcohol concentr;
less then I O % of alcohol in a blend before the exfoliation takes place.
Presence of water in a further reduces this 10 % limit, so alcohol has to be very concentrated (only few percent of w a blend), but purification of alcohol from water makes it more expensive than gasoline.
20 At the same time from the theory of chain reactions (detonation is one of such) it could be con that water molecules could boost octane number even better than alcohol.
Studies with addi~
water to gasoline by creating gasoline/water emulsion provided at the Moscow State Uni confirmed it, but the cost of emulsion stabilizer was too high to make the obtained fizel comb with gasoline. An addition of water in more then ten percent amounts also reduced the power from an engine (private communication from Prof. N.V. Pertsov) Another also well-known approach was and still is both to keep and to deliver fuel comp separately. Such dual fuel systems, as are disclosed in the US Patent 5,450,832, or US
4,019,477, or US Patent 4,323,046 allow to substitute part of gasoline by other fuel for t purposes. Another dual fuel system like disclosed in the Canadian Patent 01174921 allows to i 30 dual fizel system for operating of the internal combustion engine mostly on a low level number fuel (gasoline) at the edge of detonation by addition of corresponding volumes of alcoh~
To achieve the goal of fuel economy an engine should operate on a fuel with as high octane n as possible, correspondingly the concentration of alcohol have to exceed mutual solubility limi such an engine would not be able to operate on a regular gasoline Such composition wo unstable and so gasoline and alcohol (or natural gas) have to be mixed together either in a , cell just before entering a carburetor or fi~el injector or to be delivered by separate fuel injec~
either an intake manifold or directly to cylinders by same or separate valves.
Thus the fuel woe have time to exfoliate. With the problem of exfoliation being omitted water concentration in blend would not be limited to few percents and thus an alcohol blend could be of concentrations (for example a 70 % blend could still be ignited and the price of such an a 40 blend is less then the same volumes of a gasoline).
Depending on a formulated goal (to adjust an octane number to road conditions, to reduce emission, to reduce oil based component in a fuel, to reduce the price of a mile, etc.) an o~
computer determines the components concentrations and amounts in the fuel; it could also c these concentrations during a single combustion cycle. With the components delivered to an separately it would be easy to ensure better ignition of a fuel by delivering a small portio gasoline directly to the vicinity of spark plugs, to operate at idle conditions on an alcohol er fuel, to vary components concentration during a combustion cycle and in a cylinder volume.
This approach currently looks to provide additional advantages comparing to all other fuel alternatives:
SO
~ Alcohol as an automobile fuel is well known and intensively studied, so there would not bE
unpleasant surprises.
~ Alcohol is manufactured in very large volumes for a long time, thus the production would a limiting factor.
~ Alcohol could be manufactured from quite a variety of raw materials, particularly from prc by local agriculture, so there would be a public support.
~ The same gasoline stations without any costly complications could easy distribute alcohol.
~ An installation of an additional tank, a pump and a fuel line, an increase of an compression ratio, a new program for an onboard computer etc., would not require a co change of an automobile manufacturing process (like for example with a car from alumim an electrically powered one) thus capital investments in manufacturing and training look very reasonable.
Claims (5)
1. A high octane fuel composition comprising gasoline and alcohol blend components, and the problem of exfoliation of the said fuel composition is avoided by preparation of the said fuel composition from the said components just before the said fuel composition consumption by an internal combustion engine, where the said alcohol blend can comprise alcohol itself (methanol for example but not limited by this example) or technical blend of alcohols altogether with some other components, for example but not limited to this example ethers that are normally present in not purified alcohol blends, and water could be present in the said blend with concentrations more then a few percent of it (water).
2. A method of usage of the unstable to exfoliation high octane fuel composition claimed Claim 1 where the said gasoline and alcohol blend components are contained in separate fuel tanks and both are delivered to a same chamber or cell, and in order to make the said fuel composition uniform the said fuel components are further mixed together in the said chamber or cell just before the said fuel mixture enters a carburetor or fuel injector/injectors, to perform the mixing of the said components any kind of well known devices can be used, for example but not limited to this example an ultrasound whistle could be employed.
3. An on-board electronic system comprising a computer and sensors, where the said electronic system in addition to standard information about regime of operation of the said combustion engine is provided by a special sensor with a data of alcohol concentration in the alcohol blend, and depending on the formulated goal for example but not limited to this example the goal to decrease the amount of oil based component in a fuel, or for another example but not limited by this example to adjust the octane number of the said fuel composition to road conditions, or for example but not limited by this example to minimize the total cost of the fuel composition, the said computer all the time determines the timing, amount and concentrations of the said components in the said fuel composition to be delivered to the engine, and manages fuel pumps and fuel injectors.
4. A method of preparation of the fuel composition as it is claimed in Claim 1 where the said fuel composition is actually mixed only within an intake manifold or a cylinder of the said combustion engine, the said gasoline and alcohol blend components being delivered for the said purpose by separate fuel injectors.
5. A method of utilization of the fuel composition as it is claimed in Claim 1, where in order to maintain the desired engine regime the said components concentrations can vary during a combustion cycle and within the volume of the cylinder, for example but not limited to this example in order to provide better ignition and avoid detonation of the said fuel composition a gasoline enriched mixture is delivered to the vicinity of spark plugs but alcohol enriched mixture is delivered to the volume surrounding this ignition region, or for another example but also not limited by this example a gasoline enriched mixture is delivered initially during a combustion cycle but later the components concentrations change during the same cycle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002312596A CA2312596A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 | 2000-07-05 | Fuel saving gasoline-alcohol composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002312596A CA2312596A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 | 2000-07-05 | Fuel saving gasoline-alcohol composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2312596A1 true CA2312596A1 (en) | 2002-01-05 |
Family
ID=4166592
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002312596A Abandoned CA2312596A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 | 2000-07-05 | Fuel saving gasoline-alcohol composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2312596A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014087369A1 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-12 | University Of The Witwatersrand | Homogeneous fuel blend and method of preparing the blend |
| CN104775920A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-15 | 福特环球技术公司 | System and method for determining amount of liquid and gaseous fuel |
-
2000
- 2000-07-05 CA CA002312596A patent/CA2312596A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014087369A1 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-12 | University Of The Witwatersrand | Homogeneous fuel blend and method of preparing the blend |
| CN104775920A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-15 | 福特环球技术公司 | System and method for determining amount of liquid and gaseous fuel |
| CN104775920B (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2019-05-28 | 福特环球技术公司 | System and method for determining the amount of liquids and gases fuel |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |