CA2307478A1

CA2307478A1 - Anti-microbial dispenser

Info

Publication number: CA2307478A1
Application number: CA 2307478
Authority: CA
Inventors: Garth T. Webb
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-05-03
Filing date: 2000-05-03
Publication date: 2001-11-03
Also published as: WO2001083010A1; AU2001254577A1

Abstract

In prior dispensers, liquid left in the spout communicating with the atmosphere becomes contaminated and contaminates the dispensed liquid when subsequently dispensed. The present invention provides a liquid-dispensing device in which the dispensed liquid is forced through a pressure release valve and in the course of doing so is brought into contact with a metallo-releasing agent. Such a metallo-releasing agent is selected from the group of boron, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, rhodium, palladium, silver, tin, platinum and gold, and mixture and alloys of the foregoing.

Description

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.-r--- ~J V U 4 / V 14 ANTI- CROB1CAY. I~PEN~LR
Technica Field The invcnrion relates to the field of liquid dispensers, particularly dispensers for dispensing sterile liquids such as medications.
Medicamcrns such as astbma medication are often dispensed by aerosal spray ox atomizers. I~owever various liquids require sterile dispensing.
Insulin, for example, must be dispensed in sterile form. In existing dispensing systems a container holds the liquid to be dispensed and a dispensing head is provided on the container which has a dispensing channel connecting the interior of the container to the exterior air.
,rxeneraliy a pump of some kind is provided to allow the user to dispense the liquid. If the container is ge~rally rigid, the upper region of the container must Ire kept at atrrtosphr~ric pressure for the dispensing action to work, which means there will be communication between the exterior atmosphere and tire interior of the container, so that air uptake by the container can occur, giving rise to contamination of the liquid in the interior of the container.
Various approaches have been taken to maintain the interior liquid sterile in such dispensers. The present applicant's co-pending and unpublished international application PCT/CA991~1002 discloses a device for dispezysing a vapozized spray of sterile medicated liquid, comprising a housing for containung a supply of sterile medicated liquid, means for pressurizing the liquid, and a combination atomizing and pressure release valve. 'The combination atomizing at~d pressure release valve comprises a layer of flexible material provided with an aperture, and a plug extending upwardly through the apertuze and having a s~uztace against which the layer of flexa.~le material is biassed in the closed position, the layer lifting off the surface of the plu$
in the open position to thereby open the aperturt.

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-- ~J VUO/ U19 Duahvalve air-uptake pumps have previously been attempted as a pumping membex.
In U.S. Pat. No. 2,815,890 discloses a dispensing assEmbly in which the dispensing head is mounted to rotate with respect to the container to control the air uptake by the container. Ln that way, contact with the air by the liquid in the container, can be reduced and contamination prevented. In such an arrangement, however, after dispensing the liquid, some liquid remains in the dispensing channel and is in contact with aix during the air uptake by the dispensing head arnl during storage. The liquid in the dispensing cliannel may therefore be contaminated by impurities in the aiu~ and when the liquid is subsequently dispensed, will contaminate the freshly dispensed liquid from the container.
United States Patettt no. S,A~92,252 provides for a flap valve to reduce contamination to liquid trapped avithln the dispensing channel. While such a flap valve may reduce exposure of the liquid within the dispensing channel, it does little to reduce microbial contamination around the spout and flap valve itself. Microbial contamination would spread to the dispensing channel from the spout and flap valve. 'There is therefore a need for both a physics! and a chemical barrier to micro-0rganisms in dispexiscrs for sterile liquids.
Tl-le objact of the present invention is to sltnultaneously provide both a physical and chemical barrier against microbial contamination in mufti-purpose liquid dispensing devices.
I?isclosure of Irwendon The present inventirnn provides a liquid-dispensing device in which the dispensed liquid is forced through a pressure release valve and in the course of doing so is brought into contact with a metallo-releasing agent. Such a inetallo-releasing agent is selected from the grr up of boron, ohromfium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, rhodium, palladium, silver, tin, platinum and gold, and mixture az~d alloys of the foregoing.

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..---~-- ----~- "~'-- ~l U U 0/ V 14 Brief Descrl~tion_~wi~s In drawings which disclose a prcfexred embodiment of the invention:
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodime~ of the invention;
and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the ambadiment of the invention shown in Fig. 2 with a removable cap.
Hcst -Models For Carrvins~ Ou the yention With reference to the drawings, in Fig. 1 a liquid dispensing device 8 has a liquid dispensing channel 10 ;formed in the neck 12 of the dispenser 8, and communi-cates with the interior of the liquid-containing portion of the dispenser or a pump mechanism (not shown). A valve seat 14 is formed in the neck 12 and seats a ball valve x6 which is biased in a closed position by spring 18. The dispensing channel 10 extends through, at its end, a dispensing tube or spout 20 which is preferably lined on its interior surface 21 with silver. A removable cap 22 is provided which lzas a conical silver lid 24 wluch is forced into the end af, and. in contact with, dispensing tube 20 when cap 22 is in place. To dispense the liquid, the dispensed liquid is forced into the dispeztsing channel IO by squeezing the collapsible container, or actuating the pumping mechanism attached to the container. Pressure may alternately be sugplied to the liquid by a source of compressed air attached to the liquid disgex~ser. The pressure of the liquid forces ball valve 16 off its seat and the liquid flows out the dispensing tube. When the pressure is removed, the ball valve 15 returns to its seat 14 and closes dispensing channel 10. Any liquid remaining an the i~rior of dispensing tube 20 is in contact with the silver lining 21. It is known that ions from the silver metal go into solution with the liquid, or altexvately form hydrogen peroxide on the surface of the metal, to form an anti-microbial solution which is non-toxic in mild solution. When the cap is replaced, silver lid 24 usru~ruu i7~sa rvx au4 asi 4um - ur~;N mc"t;,s ~;~1~ AL l~uu7rW4 _q._ 'forms another anti-microbial surface in contact with any liquid remaining in tube 2U, so that any surplus liquid remaining in ox adjacent tube 24 is maintained sterile while the device is not in use.
Fig. 2 illustrates an alternate embodiment in which the spout consists of hale 34 in a flexible (e.g. rubber) diaphragm 32. The edge 34 of the diaphragm is secured by as insert 34 in neck 36. diaphragm 32 is stretched across, and bears tightly against, silver ball 38 which is fixed in seat 44 an valve sugport 41. Valve support 41 has a circular channel 42 through which liquid under pressure flows around ball 38 and out spout 30. To dispense the liquid in this embodiment, the dispensed liquid is forced 1D into the dispensing channel 42 by squeezing the collapsible container, ox actuating the pumping mechanism attached to the container as above. The pressure of the liquid forces diaphtagnn 32 off ball 38 and the liquid flows out the spout 30. When the pressure is removed, the diaphragm 32 returns to its position against bah 38, closing hole 30. Any liquid remaining in the interior of the valve adjacent ball 38 is in contact with the silver surface of ball 3$ and remains sterile due to the anti-microbial effect of the silver as described above. The interior surface 33 of the diaphragm may be coated with the metallo~releasir~ agent instead of or in addition to having the agent on the surface of ball 38.
Fig. 3 illusdrates a removable cap 50 for the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 2. Secured to its lower surface S1 is a silver coated lid 52 which has a concave lower surface 53 to fit over, and contact the edges of hole 34 when the cap 54 is in place, thereby mainta?riitl_a sterile any liquid left in that area.
It has been discovered that other metalla-releasing agents also work in substitution for silver. These include boron, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, rhodium, palladium, tin, platinum, $old as well as silver, and mixtures of these, and alloys of three eloments.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many alterations and modifications are possible in the practice of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the scope of USIU~/UU 18:UU P'AJL tfU4 1381 4UEi1 UYh'N W1GG~ ~1' AL ~ tø~UU~i/U14 the invention is to be constnaed in accordance with. the substance defied by the following claiuls.

Claims

1. In a device for dispensing a sterile liquid comprising a hollow housing far containing a supply of said sterile liquid, means for pressurizing said liquid, a dispensing spout having an aperture communicating with the exterior atmosphere, a dispensing channel communicating between said hollow housing and said dispensing spout and a pressure release valve for allowing liquid under pressure to flow through said dispensing channel and be dispensed through said spout, and stopping the flow of liquid when not under pressure, the improvement comprising providing a surface of metallo-releasing agent adjacent said aperture.

2. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said pressure release valve comprises a movable ball biased to block said dispensing channel when said liquid is not under pressure and opening said dispensing channel when said liquid is under pressure.

3. The improvement of claim 3 wherein said surface of metallo-releasing agent adjacent said aperture is provided on the interior surface of said dispensing channel downstream from said ball valve.

4. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said pressure release valve comprises a flexible diaphragm having a central aperture and biassed against a curved surface mounted centrally to said dispensing channel, whereby said dispensing channel is blocked when said liquid is not under pressure and opened when said liquid is under pressure.

5. The improvement of claim 4 wherein said surface of metallo-releasing agent adjacent said aperture is provided on said curved surface.

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6. The improvement of claim 4 wherein said surface of metallo-releasing agent adjacent said aperture is provided on the interior surface of said flexible diaphragm.

7. The improvement of claim 6 wherein said curved surface is a sphere.

8. The improvement of claim 4 wherein said metallo-releasing agent is selected from the group of silver, boron, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, rhodium, palladium, silver, tin, platinum and gold, and mixtures and alloys of the foregoing.

9. The improvement of claim 1 further comprising a removable cap having a spout-closing surface on the interior thereof, said spout-closing surface comprising a metallo-releasing agent.