CA2290897A1 - Injection valve - Google Patents
Injection valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2290897A1 CA2290897A1 CA002290897A CA2290897A CA2290897A1 CA 2290897 A1 CA2290897 A1 CA 2290897A1 CA 002290897 A CA002290897 A CA 002290897A CA 2290897 A CA2290897 A CA 2290897A CA 2290897 A1 CA2290897 A1 CA 2290897A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- flow tube
- downhole
- surface configuration
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/10—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/05—Flapper valves
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
A tubing mounted injection valve for an injection well is described. In one embodiment, the orifice in the flow tube is removably mounted so that it can be retrieved from the surface with a wireline rig or other surface equipment. In another embodiment, the flow tube has a surface treatment internally which creates the necessary turbulence to overcome the resistance of a return spring while at the same time providing larger clearance for passing tools therethrough for further operations downhole below the injection valve body.
Description
Title: INJECTION VALVE
Inventors: JAMES ALLISON AND ANDREW HAYNES
Field of th~ Invention The field of this inv~ntion relates to injection valves used to stimulate production from subsurface formations into the wellbore s through an injection well.
Background of the Invention Occasions can arise where the pressure in a subsurface formation is insufficient to bring the hydrocarbons to the surface, One technique that has been used to provide the external force so to get the hydrocarbons to the wellbore and additionally assist them in coming to the surface is the use of an injection well into the formation. The injection well is a separate well from the producing well into which various material can be injected. In some applications the injected material is a liquid such as water, zs and in others steam is injected. Injection wells typically use injection valves. In the past, injection valves have been insertable on wireline to latch and lock in the injection tubing. The functional components of an injecfion valve area spring loaded flapper which is biased to close against a conforming seat coupled with a moveable flow tube. The flow tube when pushed downwardly against the force of a return spring forces the flapper away from the seat and protects the flapper behind the flow tube from the s erosive effects of the flowing injection medium. When the injection flow rate is reduced or eliminated, the return spring pushes up the flow tube to allow the spring on the flapper to urge it toward the seat. This ensures that there is' only one way flow downhole in the injection well. In order to overcome the force on the flow tube from the return spring, the flow tube in past designs of wirQ(ine retrievable injection valves has included a central orifice. One such product is the J-3 and J-4 injection valves made by Baker Oil Tools. When such orifice wears due to the erosive effects of the injection fluid, th~ pressure drop across the flow z5 tube is reduced for a given flow rate. In an extreme case, the developed pressure drop can be reduced to below the point necessary for compression of the return spting. When this occurs, thQ flowing injection fluid is exposed to the flapper and proceeds to erode the edges of the flapper so that upon closure _2.
a seal cannot be obtained between the filapper and seat. In these situations, the wireline retrievable injection valve needs to be pulled out with a wiroline rig on the surface end disassembled for a replacement of the orifice.
s The presence of a single orifice to take the necessary pressure drop to overcome the return spring also inhibits the passage of tools through the injection valve for further downhole operations should they become necessary. In those situations in the past, the injection valve had to be pulled out with a wireline rig zo to facilitate the operations downhole. At the conclusion of those operations, the wireline injection valve would be reintroduced into the injection string.
There are many applications where it is undesirable to use a wireline run injection valve. It is thus one of the objectives of the z5 present invention to provide a tubing mounted injection valve with advantages not available in prior injection valve designs which are wirellne set. (n on~ embodiment of the present invention, the orifice itself in the flow tube is provided with a releasable locking system to allow retrieval to the surface with a wireline rig or existing rig equipm~nt. Alternatively, if no surface facilities are anticipat~d to accommodate a wireline type injection valve, an alternative embodiment of the invention solves the objective of providing a tubing mounted injection valve with the ability to s create a suflioient pressure drop across the flow tube while providing at the same time a larger clearance therethrough to facilitate further downhole operations. These and other advantages of the various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the preferred embodiment described below.
Summary o~ iny A tubing mounted injection valve for an injection well is described. In one embodiment, the orifice in the flow tube is removably mounted so that it can ~be retrieved from the surface With. a wireline rig or other surtace equipment. In another embodiment, the flow tube has a surface treatment internally which creates the necessary turbulence to overcome the rQSistance of a return spring while at the same tine providing .4.
1181 I 1A n MA P1.1 v .~ n larger clearance for passing tools therethrough for further operations downhole below the injection valve body.
Figure 1 is a half section elevational view of an embodiment showing internal surface roughness on the flow tube in a tubing mounted design, Figure 2 is an alternative embodiment to Figure 1 shown in half section illustrating a removable orifice in the flow tube which can be retrieved from a tubing mounted injection valve to the so surtace.
Figure 3 is a detailed view of the design shown in Figure 2 illustrating the positioning of the orifice in the lock profile in the flow tube.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments l5 Referring to Figure 1, the injection valve I has a body 10 with a thread 12 to connect to the injection string from the surface (not shown). A bottom thread 14 connects to the segment of the injection string down to the injection valve (not shown). Thus the body 10 is made to be an integral part of the injection string which is advantageous where wireline equipment is not available for insertion into the tubing string of a wireiine run injection valve.
The injection valve I of the pnssent invention has a flapper 16 which pivots on pivot 18 and is biased to the closed position s shown in Figure 1 by a torsion spring 20. When the closed position of Figure 1, the flapper 16 contacts a confirming seat 22 to prevent flow uphole through the injection valve I. A flow tube 24 is stidably mounted in body 10 and shown in the up position in Figure 1 which represents no flow of injection fluid from the io surface and the flapper '! 6 in sealing contact with the seat 22 to prev~nt already injected fluid from coming back up the body 10.
The how tube 24 is biased upwardly by a return spring 26. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the inside surface 28 has a series of parallel circumferential internal ribs 30. The purpose of the ribs i5 is to convert laminar flow of injection fluid in body 10 above the flow tube 24 into turbulent flow within the flow tube 24 to create a pressure drop across flow tube Z4. The thickness and height spacing or orientation of the ribs can be varied to address the desired pressure drop at the anticipated flow conditions. The .6., pressure drop across flow tube 24 urges it to move downwardly overcoming the reaction force from spring 26. Downward movement of the flow tube 24 pivots the flapper 16 away from seat 22. Flapper 16 turns 80 d~gr~es into a parallel position with s the longitudinal axis of the body 10 thus allowing the flow tub 24 to proceed downwardly in front of the flapper 16 effectively shielding it from the erosive effect of the flowing injection fluid through the body 10, While a series of parallel circumferential ribs has been shown in Figure 1, those skill~d in the art will appreciate that other techniques involving lnte~nal surface roughness can be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention One of the main objectives is to leave as large a bor~ clearance through the body as possible for the required injection rate while at the same Z5 tune generating sufficient differential pressure across the flow tube 24 to overcome the force of the spring 26. Thus, for example, a continuous or discontinuous spiral groove effect is also an alternative to accomplish th! required pressure drop.
Another alternative would be to provide random roughening of the AII'Y ~ 7w 1 000 flG. ~fc internal surface of the flow tube 24 sufficient to create enough turbulence at the prodetermin~d flow rate for injection to ensure that the flapper 18 is completely behind tho flow tube 24 when the flow tube 24 is shifted to its downward position. Another example s is a series of protrusions in an ordered pattern or randomly located. The various surface roughness treatments described above wind up making available a larger bore diameter through the body 10 for ~ given flow rate than.prior designs involving a single generally centrally located orifice in the flow tube 24.
~o Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, the components described for Figure 1 which are again repeated in Figure 2 will not be described again. The distinction betw~en Figures 2 and 3, as compared to Figure 1, is that in Figure 2 and orific~ 32 is removably mounted in a profile 34 located in the flow tube 24'.
is Known wireline equipment can be used at the surface to insert or remove the or~ce 32. The embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3 is again made integral to th~ injection tubing (not shown) and connected at the top and bottom respectively at threads 12' and 14'. A lock profile 34 is of a type known in the art and is located in the flow tube 24'. The advantage of this design is that it allows easy removal and replacement of an orifice in the flow tube .
should erosion from the bowing injection fluid enlarge the opening to such an extent that the force of spring 26' cannot be overcome with the normal injection flow rate. While the design of Figures 2 and 3 requires rig equipment to remove the replace an orrfice 32, it provides some advantages in certain applications where wireline equipment is not available when the original injection string is inserted. Additionally depending on the severity of the service, Zo occasion for replacement of the orifice 32 may only occur substantially later in time after placing the injection well in service and therefore still provide some advantage to the operator in savings related to the ability to put the inj~ction well into service without use of wireline equipment.
i5 The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention are illustrative and explanatory thereof, and various changes in the size, shape and materials, as well as in the details of the illustrated construction, may be mad~ without departing from the spirit of the invention.
~W mfw ~ Mn nn...,~
Inventors: JAMES ALLISON AND ANDREW HAYNES
Field of th~ Invention The field of this inv~ntion relates to injection valves used to stimulate production from subsurface formations into the wellbore s through an injection well.
Background of the Invention Occasions can arise where the pressure in a subsurface formation is insufficient to bring the hydrocarbons to the surface, One technique that has been used to provide the external force so to get the hydrocarbons to the wellbore and additionally assist them in coming to the surface is the use of an injection well into the formation. The injection well is a separate well from the producing well into which various material can be injected. In some applications the injected material is a liquid such as water, zs and in others steam is injected. Injection wells typically use injection valves. In the past, injection valves have been insertable on wireline to latch and lock in the injection tubing. The functional components of an injecfion valve area spring loaded flapper which is biased to close against a conforming seat coupled with a moveable flow tube. The flow tube when pushed downwardly against the force of a return spring forces the flapper away from the seat and protects the flapper behind the flow tube from the s erosive effects of the flowing injection medium. When the injection flow rate is reduced or eliminated, the return spring pushes up the flow tube to allow the spring on the flapper to urge it toward the seat. This ensures that there is' only one way flow downhole in the injection well. In order to overcome the force on the flow tube from the return spring, the flow tube in past designs of wirQ(ine retrievable injection valves has included a central orifice. One such product is the J-3 and J-4 injection valves made by Baker Oil Tools. When such orifice wears due to the erosive effects of the injection fluid, th~ pressure drop across the flow z5 tube is reduced for a given flow rate. In an extreme case, the developed pressure drop can be reduced to below the point necessary for compression of the return spting. When this occurs, thQ flowing injection fluid is exposed to the flapper and proceeds to erode the edges of the flapper so that upon closure _2.
a seal cannot be obtained between the filapper and seat. In these situations, the wireline retrievable injection valve needs to be pulled out with a wiroline rig on the surface end disassembled for a replacement of the orifice.
s The presence of a single orifice to take the necessary pressure drop to overcome the return spring also inhibits the passage of tools through the injection valve for further downhole operations should they become necessary. In those situations in the past, the injection valve had to be pulled out with a wireline rig zo to facilitate the operations downhole. At the conclusion of those operations, the wireline injection valve would be reintroduced into the injection string.
There are many applications where it is undesirable to use a wireline run injection valve. It is thus one of the objectives of the z5 present invention to provide a tubing mounted injection valve with advantages not available in prior injection valve designs which are wirellne set. (n on~ embodiment of the present invention, the orifice itself in the flow tube is provided with a releasable locking system to allow retrieval to the surface with a wireline rig or existing rig equipm~nt. Alternatively, if no surface facilities are anticipat~d to accommodate a wireline type injection valve, an alternative embodiment of the invention solves the objective of providing a tubing mounted injection valve with the ability to s create a suflioient pressure drop across the flow tube while providing at the same time a larger clearance therethrough to facilitate further downhole operations. These and other advantages of the various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the preferred embodiment described below.
Summary o~ iny A tubing mounted injection valve for an injection well is described. In one embodiment, the orifice in the flow tube is removably mounted so that it can ~be retrieved from the surface With. a wireline rig or other surtace equipment. In another embodiment, the flow tube has a surface treatment internally which creates the necessary turbulence to overcome the rQSistance of a return spring while at the same tine providing .4.
1181 I 1A n MA P1.1 v .~ n larger clearance for passing tools therethrough for further operations downhole below the injection valve body.
Figure 1 is a half section elevational view of an embodiment showing internal surface roughness on the flow tube in a tubing mounted design, Figure 2 is an alternative embodiment to Figure 1 shown in half section illustrating a removable orifice in the flow tube which can be retrieved from a tubing mounted injection valve to the so surtace.
Figure 3 is a detailed view of the design shown in Figure 2 illustrating the positioning of the orifice in the lock profile in the flow tube.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments l5 Referring to Figure 1, the injection valve I has a body 10 with a thread 12 to connect to the injection string from the surface (not shown). A bottom thread 14 connects to the segment of the injection string down to the injection valve (not shown). Thus the body 10 is made to be an integral part of the injection string which is advantageous where wireline equipment is not available for insertion into the tubing string of a wireiine run injection valve.
The injection valve I of the pnssent invention has a flapper 16 which pivots on pivot 18 and is biased to the closed position s shown in Figure 1 by a torsion spring 20. When the closed position of Figure 1, the flapper 16 contacts a confirming seat 22 to prevent flow uphole through the injection valve I. A flow tube 24 is stidably mounted in body 10 and shown in the up position in Figure 1 which represents no flow of injection fluid from the io surface and the flapper '! 6 in sealing contact with the seat 22 to prev~nt already injected fluid from coming back up the body 10.
The how tube 24 is biased upwardly by a return spring 26. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the inside surface 28 has a series of parallel circumferential internal ribs 30. The purpose of the ribs i5 is to convert laminar flow of injection fluid in body 10 above the flow tube 24 into turbulent flow within the flow tube 24 to create a pressure drop across flow tube Z4. The thickness and height spacing or orientation of the ribs can be varied to address the desired pressure drop at the anticipated flow conditions. The .6., pressure drop across flow tube 24 urges it to move downwardly overcoming the reaction force from spring 26. Downward movement of the flow tube 24 pivots the flapper 16 away from seat 22. Flapper 16 turns 80 d~gr~es into a parallel position with s the longitudinal axis of the body 10 thus allowing the flow tub 24 to proceed downwardly in front of the flapper 16 effectively shielding it from the erosive effect of the flowing injection fluid through the body 10, While a series of parallel circumferential ribs has been shown in Figure 1, those skill~d in the art will appreciate that other techniques involving lnte~nal surface roughness can be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention One of the main objectives is to leave as large a bor~ clearance through the body as possible for the required injection rate while at the same Z5 tune generating sufficient differential pressure across the flow tube 24 to overcome the force of the spring 26. Thus, for example, a continuous or discontinuous spiral groove effect is also an alternative to accomplish th! required pressure drop.
Another alternative would be to provide random roughening of the AII'Y ~ 7w 1 000 flG. ~fc internal surface of the flow tube 24 sufficient to create enough turbulence at the prodetermin~d flow rate for injection to ensure that the flapper 18 is completely behind tho flow tube 24 when the flow tube 24 is shifted to its downward position. Another example s is a series of protrusions in an ordered pattern or randomly located. The various surface roughness treatments described above wind up making available a larger bore diameter through the body 10 for ~ given flow rate than.prior designs involving a single generally centrally located orifice in the flow tube 24.
~o Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, the components described for Figure 1 which are again repeated in Figure 2 will not be described again. The distinction betw~en Figures 2 and 3, as compared to Figure 1, is that in Figure 2 and orific~ 32 is removably mounted in a profile 34 located in the flow tube 24'.
is Known wireline equipment can be used at the surface to insert or remove the or~ce 32. The embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3 is again made integral to th~ injection tubing (not shown) and connected at the top and bottom respectively at threads 12' and 14'. A lock profile 34 is of a type known in the art and is located in the flow tube 24'. The advantage of this design is that it allows easy removal and replacement of an orifice in the flow tube .
should erosion from the bowing injection fluid enlarge the opening to such an extent that the force of spring 26' cannot be overcome with the normal injection flow rate. While the design of Figures 2 and 3 requires rig equipment to remove the replace an orrfice 32, it provides some advantages in certain applications where wireline equipment is not available when the original injection string is inserted. Additionally depending on the severity of the service, Zo occasion for replacement of the orifice 32 may only occur substantially later in time after placing the injection well in service and therefore still provide some advantage to the operator in savings related to the ability to put the inj~ction well into service without use of wireline equipment.
i5 The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention are illustrative and explanatory thereof, and various changes in the size, shape and materials, as well as in the details of the illustrated construction, may be mad~ without departing from the spirit of the invention.
~W mfw ~ Mn nn...,~
Claims (15)
1. A valve for downhole use comprising:
a body;
a flapper rotatably mounted to selectively engage a seat in said body;
a flow tube having a flowpath movably mounted against a bias to engage said flapper and rotate it away $am said seat;
said flow tube moveable against said bias by flow through its flowpath;
said flowpath further comprising as interior surface having a surface configuration that increases flow turbulence.
a body;
a flapper rotatably mounted to selectively engage a seat in said body;
a flow tube having a flowpath movably mounted against a bias to engage said flapper and rotate it away $am said seat;
said flow tube moveable against said bias by flow through its flowpath;
said flowpath further comprising as interior surface having a surface configuration that increases flow turbulence.
2. The valve of claim 1, wherein:
said interior surface configuration further comprises at least one groove.
said interior surface configuration further comprises at least one groove.
3. The valve of claim 2, wherein:
said groove a spirally shaped.
said groove a spirally shaped.
4. The valve of claim 3, wherein:
said groove is continuous.
said groove is continuous.
5. The valve of claim 3, wherein;
said groove is discontinuous.
said groove is discontinuous.
6. The valve of claim 1, wherein:
said surface configuration comprises a roughening of said interior surface.
said surface configuration comprises a roughening of said interior surface.
7. The valve of claim 1, wherein:
said surface configuration further comprises at least one rib,
said surface configuration further comprises at least one rib,
8. The valve of claim 7, wherein:
said at least one rib further comprises a plurality of ribs.
said at least one rib further comprises a plurality of ribs.
9. The valve of claim 8, wherein:
said ribs are parallel.
said ribs are parallel.
10. The valve of claim 1, wherein:
said surface configuration further comprises an ordered pattern of protrusions.
said surface configuration further comprises an ordered pattern of protrusions.
11. The valve of claim 1, wherein:
said surface configuration further comprises randomly located protrusions.
said surface configuration further comprises randomly located protrusions.
12. The valve of claim l, wherein:
said surface configuration creates a comparable resistance to a predetermined flow through said flowpath while leaving a larger open area than a single orifice.
said surface configuration creates a comparable resistance to a predetermined flow through said flowpath while leaving a larger open area than a single orifice.
13. A downhole valve, comprising:
a body, a pivotally mounted flapper movable with a flow tube, said flow tube further comprising as orifice in a housing removably mounted to said flow tube, whereupon wear of said orifice said housing may be removed from said flow tube downhole.
a body, a pivotally mounted flapper movable with a flow tube, said flow tube further comprising as orifice in a housing removably mounted to said flow tube, whereupon wear of said orifice said housing may be removed from said flow tube downhole.
14. The downhole valve of claim 13, wherein:
said housing is removable with a wireline.
said housing is removable with a wireline.
15. The downhole valve of claim 13, wherein:
said housing is insertable into said flow tube by wireline with said body situated downhole.
said housing is insertable into said flow tube by wireline with said body situated downhole.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10988398P | 1998-11-25 | 1998-11-25 | |
| US60/109,883 | 1998-11-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2290897A1 true CA2290897A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
Family
ID=22330083
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002290897A Abandoned CA2290897A1 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 1999-11-25 | Injection valve |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU6064999A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2290897A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2345075A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO995772L (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7866401B2 (en) | 2005-01-24 | 2011-01-11 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Safety valve for use in an injection well |
| CN103615223B (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2016-06-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Concentric roater regulator and slim-hole ground adjustable layered water injection string |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4709762A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1987-12-01 | Camco, Incorporated | Variable fluid passageway for a well tool |
-
1999
- 1999-11-25 NO NO995772A patent/NO995772L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-25 CA CA002290897A patent/CA2290897A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-25 GB GB9927811A patent/GB2345075A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-25 AU AU60649/99A patent/AU6064999A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO995772L (en) | 2000-05-26 |
| GB9927811D0 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
| AU6064999A (en) | 2000-06-01 |
| NO995772D0 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
| GB2345075A (en) | 2000-06-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |