CA2283793A1 - Incoming call routing - Google Patents
Incoming call routing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2283793A1 CA2283793A1 CA002283793A CA2283793A CA2283793A1 CA 2283793 A1 CA2283793 A1 CA 2283793A1 CA 002283793 A CA002283793 A CA 002283793A CA 2283793 A CA2283793 A CA 2283793A CA 2283793 A1 CA2283793 A1 CA 2283793A1
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- Prior art keywords
- client
- network
- user
- call
- voice
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
- H04M7/12—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
- H04M7/1205—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
- H04M7/1285—Details of finding and selecting a gateway for a particular call
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
- H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
- H04Q3/0029—Provisions for intelligent networking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/64—Distributing or queueing
- H04Q3/66—Traffic distributors
- H04Q3/665—Circuit arrangements therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M2207/00—Type of exchange or network, i.e. telephonic medium, in which the telephonic communication takes place
- H04M2207/12—Type of exchange or network, i.e. telephonic medium, in which the telephonic communication takes place intelligent networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/38—Graded-service arrangements, i.e. some subscribers prevented from establishing certain connections
- H04M3/382—Graded-service arrangements, i.e. some subscribers prevented from establishing certain connections using authorisation codes or passwords
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/54—Arrangements for diverting calls for one subscriber to another predetermined subscriber
Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to be able to route incoming calls in an efficient manner. The problem described with how to route incoming calls in an efficient manner is solved by diverting the incoming call to a service node which further diverts the call to a specific node in dependance of the telephone number of the called party in combination with other characteristics.
Description
INCOMING CALL ROUTING
TECIiNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to telecommunication in general and to voice communication over the Internet in particular.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
As Internet is being more and more popular we tend to spend more and more time in front of our computers while connected to Internet. The most common way of connecting to Internet is by using a modem and the connection times is far longer than the time usually spent in a traditional voice conversation. For home users the use of the telephone line for connectiong to Internet can lead to a conflict since most subscribers only have one line which shall serve both computer communication and voice communication.
In the Swedish patent application SE-9602212-4 is a method for enabling a subscriber to make and receive voice calls during an on-going Internet session disclosed.
In the Swedish patent application SE-9603932-6 the methods disclosed in SE-9602212-4 is further developed and additional problems solved.
The general idea of the above mentioned applications is that a user, connected to Internet via a modem using his ordinary telephoneline, register with a service using a special application in his computer. The service connects the users telephone number to a special number activating a IN service so that whenever a call is placed towards the user, it is redirected to the special number. When the IN service is activated it activates a gateway which connects, via Internet or the service providers own IP-based network, to the application in the users computer and alerts the user who can the answer the call.
In a similar manner, the user can place an outgoing call using the gateway to act as a bridge between the IP-based Internet and PSTN. In this situation it seems from the PSTN network point-of-view as if the gateway is making the call and should be charged.
A solution to this problem is presented in SE-9603932-6.
None of the above mentioned applications discloses specific methods for routing incoming calls to the client in a manner which maximise the utilisation of the networks, both the telecommunication network and the IP-based network.
SUNIrIARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention discloses a method and a network for solving the problem with routing of incoming calls for increased utilisation of the networks.
The purpose of the present invention is thus to be able to route incoming calls in a efficient manner.
The problem described above, with how to route incoming calls in an efficient manner is solved by deverting the incoming call to a service node which further diverts the call to a specific node in dependence of the telephone number of the called party in combination with other characteristics.
TECIiNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to telecommunication in general and to voice communication over the Internet in particular.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
As Internet is being more and more popular we tend to spend more and more time in front of our computers while connected to Internet. The most common way of connecting to Internet is by using a modem and the connection times is far longer than the time usually spent in a traditional voice conversation. For home users the use of the telephone line for connectiong to Internet can lead to a conflict since most subscribers only have one line which shall serve both computer communication and voice communication.
In the Swedish patent application SE-9602212-4 is a method for enabling a subscriber to make and receive voice calls during an on-going Internet session disclosed.
In the Swedish patent application SE-9603932-6 the methods disclosed in SE-9602212-4 is further developed and additional problems solved.
The general idea of the above mentioned applications is that a user, connected to Internet via a modem using his ordinary telephoneline, register with a service using a special application in his computer. The service connects the users telephone number to a special number activating a IN service so that whenever a call is placed towards the user, it is redirected to the special number. When the IN service is activated it activates a gateway which connects, via Internet or the service providers own IP-based network, to the application in the users computer and alerts the user who can the answer the call.
In a similar manner, the user can place an outgoing call using the gateway to act as a bridge between the IP-based Internet and PSTN. In this situation it seems from the PSTN network point-of-view as if the gateway is making the call and should be charged.
A solution to this problem is presented in SE-9603932-6.
None of the above mentioned applications discloses specific methods for routing incoming calls to the client in a manner which maximise the utilisation of the networks, both the telecommunication network and the IP-based network.
SUNIrIARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention discloses a method and a network for solving the problem with routing of incoming calls for increased utilisation of the networks.
The purpose of the present invention is thus to be able to route incoming calls in a efficient manner.
The problem described above, with how to route incoming calls in an efficient manner is solved by deverting the incoming call to a service node which further diverts the call to a specific node in dependence of the telephone number of the called party in combination with other characteristics.
In more detail, the problem described above is solved by divert the telephone number of the users telephone to a service node so that incoming calls will be diverted to said service node. When said service node detects an incoming call it analyses the A-number called, the location of the user associated with said A-number and the location, or other characteristics, of the multitude of nodes and divert the incoming call in dependance of said analysis.
One of the advantages of the present invention is that the network is utilised in an efficient manner.
Another advantage is that the traveling time of the IP-packages may be minimised and thereby reducing disturbances in the quality of service.
Other advantages will be obviouse to a man skilled in the art in the light of the detailed description given below.
Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given herein after. However, it should be understood that the preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since variouse changes and modifications within the scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure 1 discloses the interfaces for the phonedoubler.
One of the advantages of the present invention is that the network is utilised in an efficient manner.
Another advantage is that the traveling time of the IP-packages may be minimised and thereby reducing disturbances in the quality of service.
Other advantages will be obviouse to a man skilled in the art in the light of the detailed description given below.
Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given herein after. However, it should be understood that the preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since variouse changes and modifications within the scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure 1 discloses the interfaces for the phonedoubler.
Figure 2 discloses a more detailed view of the network configuration.
Figure 3 shows a network configuration for the routing of incoming calls.
Figure 4 shows a network configuration of another prefered embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1 depicts the Phone Doubler network and its external interfaces to external networks, users and units. A User 101 is the person using Phone Doubler at home. The user 101 is also the subscriber of the service. A ISDN 102 (I_ntegrated Services Digital Network) is used as gateway to a PSTN 103 (Public Switched Telephone Network). An SP 104 (Service Provider) is the system, organisation and persons responsible for the successful operation of Phone Doubter 105. Also In figure 1 is the Phone Doubter inner structure showed. Client 106 is the part of Phone Doubter that is located at the user's premises. A Registry 108 is a node within the gateway that is common for all users of the Phone Doubter service. This node is referred to as the registry in the remainder of this document . A VG 107 (Voice Gateway) is the unit that processes all calls and speech transmission. A VG
107 can handle a number of simultaneous calls. In figure 1 are also the interfaces external to the network and nodes identified. A UI 109 (User Interface) is the interface between the User 101 and the Client 106. PRI 110 (ISDN Primary Rate Interface) is the interface used between the VG 107 and the ISDN
102. OMI 111 (Operation and Maintenance Interface) is the interface between SP 104 and the registry 108 and VG 107. A CLGI
112 (Client Gateway Interface) is the interface between the . Client 106 and the registry 108 respectivly the client and the VG 107. A REGI 113 (~eqistry Interface) is the interface between 5 the registry 108 and the VG 107.
Referring to figure 2, the client 201 is running on a PC (not shown), connected to the ISP's (Internet Service _Provider) AS
207 (Access Server) at the ISP's POP (Point Of presence) via a modem 202 and PSTN 203. The PC is given an IP address by the ISP. This is normally done dynamically when connecting to the POP. In the present preferred embodiment the ISP and the SP 104 is the same organisation or service provider. The VG 203, 204 is connected to the ISP's IP network, typically on the same ES 205, 206 (witched ~thernet) as the POP. Several VGs 203, 204 can be connected at one POP. Each VG 203, 204 is connected to ISDN 208 via PRI 209, 210. One Registry node 211, 212 can handle several VG:s 203, 204. The Registry node 211, 212 can physically be remotely placed. The VG 203, 204 and Registry 211, 212 are then typically connected to each other via the ISP's backbone IP
network 213. The Registry node 211, 212 is normally duplicated for redundancy reasons. Several Routers are denoted with an R in (figure 2.
In figure 3 a client 301 is connected to a service providers IP-network 302. For his connection he uses a modem 303 and the PSTN
network 304. The PSTN network 304 is connected with the ISDN
network 305 which in turn is connected to the service providers IP-network through a modem pool 306. The service providers IF-network is also connected to Internet 307 via a router 308. A
Figure 3 shows a network configuration for the routing of incoming calls.
Figure 4 shows a network configuration of another prefered embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1 depicts the Phone Doubler network and its external interfaces to external networks, users and units. A User 101 is the person using Phone Doubler at home. The user 101 is also the subscriber of the service. A ISDN 102 (I_ntegrated Services Digital Network) is used as gateway to a PSTN 103 (Public Switched Telephone Network). An SP 104 (Service Provider) is the system, organisation and persons responsible for the successful operation of Phone Doubter 105. Also In figure 1 is the Phone Doubter inner structure showed. Client 106 is the part of Phone Doubter that is located at the user's premises. A Registry 108 is a node within the gateway that is common for all users of the Phone Doubter service. This node is referred to as the registry in the remainder of this document . A VG 107 (Voice Gateway) is the unit that processes all calls and speech transmission. A VG
107 can handle a number of simultaneous calls. In figure 1 are also the interfaces external to the network and nodes identified. A UI 109 (User Interface) is the interface between the User 101 and the Client 106. PRI 110 (ISDN Primary Rate Interface) is the interface used between the VG 107 and the ISDN
102. OMI 111 (Operation and Maintenance Interface) is the interface between SP 104 and the registry 108 and VG 107. A CLGI
112 (Client Gateway Interface) is the interface between the . Client 106 and the registry 108 respectivly the client and the VG 107. A REGI 113 (~eqistry Interface) is the interface between 5 the registry 108 and the VG 107.
Referring to figure 2, the client 201 is running on a PC (not shown), connected to the ISP's (Internet Service _Provider) AS
207 (Access Server) at the ISP's POP (Point Of presence) via a modem 202 and PSTN 203. The PC is given an IP address by the ISP. This is normally done dynamically when connecting to the POP. In the present preferred embodiment the ISP and the SP 104 is the same organisation or service provider. The VG 203, 204 is connected to the ISP's IP network, typically on the same ES 205, 206 (witched ~thernet) as the POP. Several VGs 203, 204 can be connected at one POP. Each VG 203, 204 is connected to ISDN 208 via PRI 209, 210. One Registry node 211, 212 can handle several VG:s 203, 204. The Registry node 211, 212 can physically be remotely placed. The VG 203, 204 and Registry 211, 212 are then typically connected to each other via the ISP's backbone IP
network 213. The Registry node 211, 212 is normally duplicated for redundancy reasons. Several Routers are denoted with an R in (figure 2.
In figure 3 a client 301 is connected to a service providers IP-network 302. For his connection he uses a modem 303 and the PSTN
network 304. The PSTN network 304 is connected with the ISDN
network 305 which in turn is connected to the service providers IP-network through a modem pool 306. The service providers IF-network is also connected to Internet 307 via a router 308. A
subscriber 309 calls the client 301 over the PSTN network 304 but will of course get a busy tone if not the client 301 has diverted his telephone. The client 301 has diverted his telephone to a IN service located in an SSCP 310. This could of course also be an SSP and a separate SCP but for this embodiment an SSCP is sufficient. Two VG:s 311 and 312 (Voice Gateway) connects the ISDN network 305 with the service proveders IP-network. The SSCP is constantly updated with the load situation on the different VG:s and divert the incoming call to VG 312 which for the moment is the VG with the lowest load. Through this procedure the IP-packets delivered from the VG 312 to the client 301 will have minimum delay.
Figure 4 shows an embodiment for devirting on geographic location. In this situation it is preferrable to have the longest part of the call in the PSTN network so the SSCP 401 diverts the incoming call from the subscriber 402 to the VG 403 closest to the client 404.
The central registry nodes may serve several distributed voice gateway modules and form a wide area distributed gateway.
Wide-area distribution issues As long as the gateway contains a single set of VGs collocated with the POP access server, sufficient IP throughput between modems and VGs is simple to ensure (all devices reside in the same LAN environment) . A single ISDN group number will also be sufficient to server all VGs.
Figure 4 shows an embodiment for devirting on geographic location. In this situation it is preferrable to have the longest part of the call in the PSTN network so the SSCP 401 diverts the incoming call from the subscriber 402 to the VG 403 closest to the client 404.
The central registry nodes may serve several distributed voice gateway modules and form a wide area distributed gateway.
Wide-area distribution issues As long as the gateway contains a single set of VGs collocated with the POP access server, sufficient IP throughput between modems and VGs is simple to ensure (all devices reside in the same LAN environment) . A single ISDN group number will also be sufficient to server all VGs.
When the Phone Doubter service is scaled up to form a wide area gateway, each POP has one or several VGs, served by a central registry node. This ensures that voice traffic is guaranteed to have minimum latency and fitter, since the voice traffic through routers is avoided.
Client data The client has the following data:
~ Telephone number, made up from country code, area codes, and local number. Example: "46-08-6678054"
~ Authentication data which is in the present preferred embodiment a ONF (ONe way _Function) applied to the concatenation of country code, area code, local number and password. (optional, persistent) ~ Client IP address (volatile) ~ Host name 1 of registry.
~ Host name 2 of registry.
~ Primary VG IP address (volatile) ~ Secondary VG IP address (volatile) ~ Reject incoming calls (volatile) All of these data can be obtained at the sign-on procedure except for Telephone number and Authentication data.
The combination of country code, area code, and local number identifies each subscriber uniquely.
~ Optional in markets such as Denmark, where area codes are not used.
Client data The client has the following data:
~ Telephone number, made up from country code, area codes, and local number. Example: "46-08-6678054"
~ Authentication data which is in the present preferred embodiment a ONF (ONe way _Function) applied to the concatenation of country code, area code, local number and password. (optional, persistent) ~ Client IP address (volatile) ~ Host name 1 of registry.
~ Host name 2 of registry.
~ Primary VG IP address (volatile) ~ Secondary VG IP address (volatile) ~ Reject incoming calls (volatile) All of these data can be obtained at the sign-on procedure except for Telephone number and Authentication data.
The combination of country code, area code, and local number identifies each subscriber uniquely.
~ Optional in markets such as Denmark, where area codes are not used.
The VG IP address attribute also represents the state of the client: A null address indicates signed-off, any other address indicates signed-on.
REGISTRY DATA
Subscriber record Both the registry nodes holds an identical collection of subscriber records with the following attributes:
~ telephone number (key, persistent, made up from country code, area code, and local number) ~ authentication data, A ONF applied to telephone number concatenated with password (persistent) ~ state. Enabled or disabled.
~ client IP address (secondary key, volatile) ~ user-id (optional) ~ primary VG (volatile) ~ secondary VG (volatile) ~ number of sign-ons (persistent) ~ number of incoming calls (persistent) ~ number of outgoing calls (persistent) ~ first sign-on (persistent) ~ last sign-on (persistent) The client IP address attribute also represents the state of the subscriber record (a null IP address represents signed-off, any other address represents signed-on).
E.164- IP-address association ... ,.... .. .w . ....... . .....
REGISTRY DATA
Subscriber record Both the registry nodes holds an identical collection of subscriber records with the following attributes:
~ telephone number (key, persistent, made up from country code, area code, and local number) ~ authentication data, A ONF applied to telephone number concatenated with password (persistent) ~ state. Enabled or disabled.
~ client IP address (secondary key, volatile) ~ user-id (optional) ~ primary VG (volatile) ~ secondary VG (volatile) ~ number of sign-ons (persistent) ~ number of incoming calls (persistent) ~ number of outgoing calls (persistent) ~ first sign-on (persistent) ~ last sign-on (persistent) The client IP address attribute also represents the state of the subscriber record (a null IP address represents signed-off, any other address represents signed-on).
E.164- IP-address association ... ,.... .. .w . ....... . .....
When a user is connected to the Internet, the IP address of the client is entered into the subscriber record in both registry nodes. Since both the telephone number and this IP address are keys, an E.I64- IP-address association between the telephone number are and IP address is maintained in the subscriber record.
Registry configuration data The following data are configurable in the registry:
Data that are to identical in both registry nodes:
~ User provisioning mode, automatic or manual.
~ Auto sign-off period (optional, must be greater than the PPP
inactivity time-out) ~ Number of password retries ~ Auto removal period (optional) ~ Country code ~ Trunk prefix (optional) ~ SMTP-mail server (for e-mail-based alarm handling) ~ Mail receivers (list of e-mail addresses that will receive alarms) ~ Time synchronization host. Host name to time synchronisation host Data that are unique for each registry node ~ Host name of redundant registry node. (optional) ~ FTP account in redundant registry node ~ Emergency numbers Data that may be equal in both nodes:
~CA 02283793 1999-09-09 ~ Hosts granted access to the WWW-server ~ Hosts granted access to the FTP-server VG record The gateway conf iguration is def fined by a set of VG records .
5 This set of records is held by the registry, and updated on certain events such as start-up and shut-down of VGs.
~ IP Address (key) ~ Name ~ Primary client networks (only clients in these networks are 10 served by this VG during normal operation) ~ Secondary up client networks (clients in these networks may be served by this VG when an other VG fails) ~ Maximum signed-on users ~ Currently primary signed-on users ~ Currently secondary signed-on users VG configuration data The VG holds a set of configuration data that are unique for each VG:
~ Dial out prefix ~ IP-addresses of registry. Optionally two, if redundant register.
~ Monitor interval.
~ Number extraction method (calling (A), called (B) or redirecting number) ~ Hosts granted access to the FTP-server ~..
Registry configuration data The following data are configurable in the registry:
Data that are to identical in both registry nodes:
~ User provisioning mode, automatic or manual.
~ Auto sign-off period (optional, must be greater than the PPP
inactivity time-out) ~ Number of password retries ~ Auto removal period (optional) ~ Country code ~ Trunk prefix (optional) ~ SMTP-mail server (for e-mail-based alarm handling) ~ Mail receivers (list of e-mail addresses that will receive alarms) ~ Time synchronization host. Host name to time synchronisation host Data that are unique for each registry node ~ Host name of redundant registry node. (optional) ~ FTP account in redundant registry node ~ Emergency numbers Data that may be equal in both nodes:
~CA 02283793 1999-09-09 ~ Hosts granted access to the WWW-server ~ Hosts granted access to the FTP-server VG record The gateway conf iguration is def fined by a set of VG records .
5 This set of records is held by the registry, and updated on certain events such as start-up and shut-down of VGs.
~ IP Address (key) ~ Name ~ Primary client networks (only clients in these networks are 10 served by this VG during normal operation) ~ Secondary up client networks (clients in these networks may be served by this VG when an other VG fails) ~ Maximum signed-on users ~ Currently primary signed-on users ~ Currently secondary signed-on users VG configuration data The VG holds a set of configuration data that are unique for each VG:
~ Dial out prefix ~ IP-addresses of registry. Optionally two, if redundant register.
~ Monitor interval.
~ Number extraction method (calling (A), called (B) or redirecting number) ~ Hosts granted access to the FTP-server ~..
~ Network charging ,~icrn-on and sign-of f functions Purpose To make it possible for the user to be connected to the Internet Service Provider's point-of-presence (POP), using his telephone line, and still be able to use that line and number for incoming and outgoing telephone calls.
The following addresses are of importance in these functions:
~ the user's telephone number ~ the client IP address ~ the ISDN number of the gateway Gexieral The sign-on and sign-off functions comes in two flavours, depending on the setting of the authentication mode attribute of the registry configuration.
In the auto provisioning mode the user is allowed to use the service if it's IP-address matches any client networks attribute of the VG-records. In this case the PoP's authentication is trusted and once passed, the user is trusted.
In this mode only charging on IP-addresses may be used and thus network charging. We can't trust the telephone number the user states.
The other, manual, mode means that user must be registered in the system by some administrative procedure into the system, see the subscriber management function. In order to use the service in this mode the users have to go through an authentication procedure also in the Phone Doubter system.
The authentication procedure is based on the challenge response mechanism [Ref. Computer Communications Security, Warwick Ford, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-799453-2]. As ONF the MD5 algorithm can be used [RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm].
ONF(X+Y) denotes below the application of the one way function to the concatenated string X+Y.
Sign-on in auto provisioning mode This usage case may only be entered if the state of the client is signed-off. Prior to this usage case the user is assumed to have set up Call Forwarding or (better) Call Forwarding on Busy to the ISDN number of the VG. This can be done with a telephone set or otherwise (software support for this is not provided in the product). In another embodiment the Call Forwarding is handled automatically by the service.
The client checks that the user's Internet session is active.
The client saves its current IP address in the client IP address attribute of the client, for reference by other usage cases (outgoing call set-up and sign-off). The client connects to the registry and transfers the telephone number of the user. The registry retrieves the IP address of the client as a parameter of the ongoing TCP session. Note that the client IP address will be different between Phone Doubter sessions if DHCP is in use.
r i .
The following addresses are of importance in these functions:
~ the user's telephone number ~ the client IP address ~ the ISDN number of the gateway Gexieral The sign-on and sign-off functions comes in two flavours, depending on the setting of the authentication mode attribute of the registry configuration.
In the auto provisioning mode the user is allowed to use the service if it's IP-address matches any client networks attribute of the VG-records. In this case the PoP's authentication is trusted and once passed, the user is trusted.
In this mode only charging on IP-addresses may be used and thus network charging. We can't trust the telephone number the user states.
The other, manual, mode means that user must be registered in the system by some administrative procedure into the system, see the subscriber management function. In order to use the service in this mode the users have to go through an authentication procedure also in the Phone Doubter system.
The authentication procedure is based on the challenge response mechanism [Ref. Computer Communications Security, Warwick Ford, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-799453-2]. As ONF the MD5 algorithm can be used [RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm].
ONF(X+Y) denotes below the application of the one way function to the concatenated string X+Y.
Sign-on in auto provisioning mode This usage case may only be entered if the state of the client is signed-off. Prior to this usage case the user is assumed to have set up Call Forwarding or (better) Call Forwarding on Busy to the ISDN number of the VG. This can be done with a telephone set or otherwise (software support for this is not provided in the product). In another embodiment the Call Forwarding is handled automatically by the service.
The client checks that the user's Internet session is active.
The client saves its current IP address in the client IP address attribute of the client, for reference by other usage cases (outgoing call set-up and sign-off). The client connects to the registry and transfers the telephone number of the user. The registry retrieves the IP address of the client as a parameter of the ongoing TCP session. Note that the client IP address will be different between Phone Doubter sessions if DHCP is in use.
r i .
The registry selects a VG and hands over its IP address to the client. The selection of a VG is done by the registry as follows: (1) select those VG records for which the user's IP
address match the primary client networks attribute of the VG, (2) select the VG record having the greatest difference between maximum signed-on users and primary signed-on users, (3) check that the maximum signed-on users limit will not be exceeded for the selected VG, and (4) check that the selected VG is not disabled. The selected VG record's currently primary signed-on attribute is incremented.
The registry checks for the existence of a subscriber record with the stated telephone number. A check is made that the client IP address is not associated with any telephone number in the registry at this point. A check is made that the state of the subscriber record is enabled and signed-off.
The subscriber record is updated (the client IP address, number of sign-ons, and last sign-on attributes are updated). The PSTN-IP association is thereby established, and the previous checks ensure that it is unambiguous in both directions. The currently signed-on users attribute of the VG record is incremented. The VG IP address is set in the client. The client disconnects from the registry.
If the Internet session is not active the user is advised to start an Internet session and try to sign on again. If the registry is not accessible, the user is informed of this and asked to retry later. The incoming and outgoing call functions will not be available until the client has been successfully signed on. The usage case is terminated.
If the client IP address is not acceptable according to any of the client networks parameters in the VG-records the usage case is terminated. No information is presented to the user, as this exception may be a case of illegal use.
If, due to lack of resources, no VG is available to select, the user is informed of this. The client disconnects from the registry and the usage case is terminated.
If no subscriber record exists for the telephone number provided by the client, a new subscriber record is created. The following attributes are filled in: telephone number, client IP address, first sign-on. Obvious default values are filled in for the remaining attributes. After this the present usage case max r ee In another embodiment is no new subscriber record created but rather the usage case terminated.
If, prior to this usage case, the client IP address is associated to some user's telephone number in the registry, this association is obviously invalid. The forced sign-off usage case is executed repeatedly for every such telephone number, until no association from the client IP address to some user's telephone number remains. After this the present usage case mar proceed.
If the subscriber record indicates that the user is already signed on (from any client IP address), the forced sign-off usage case is executed. After this the present usage case may proceed.
If the subscriber's state is disabled the user is rejected access and the usage case is terminated.
Sign-on manual mode The difference in this case is that the user has to be defined 5 by the service provider prior to sign-on. In the below the addition to the auto mode case is described.
The client first request to start the sign-on procedure by signalling this to the registry. In this message the telephone number is transferred.
10 The registry checks that a subscriber record, with that telephone number as key, exists and retrieves a non repeating value (NRV) and associates that NRV with the subscriber. This NRV is sent to the client which then responds with ONF (ONF (telno+password) +NRV) .
address match the primary client networks attribute of the VG, (2) select the VG record having the greatest difference between maximum signed-on users and primary signed-on users, (3) check that the maximum signed-on users limit will not be exceeded for the selected VG, and (4) check that the selected VG is not disabled. The selected VG record's currently primary signed-on attribute is incremented.
The registry checks for the existence of a subscriber record with the stated telephone number. A check is made that the client IP address is not associated with any telephone number in the registry at this point. A check is made that the state of the subscriber record is enabled and signed-off.
The subscriber record is updated (the client IP address, number of sign-ons, and last sign-on attributes are updated). The PSTN-IP association is thereby established, and the previous checks ensure that it is unambiguous in both directions. The currently signed-on users attribute of the VG record is incremented. The VG IP address is set in the client. The client disconnects from the registry.
If the Internet session is not active the user is advised to start an Internet session and try to sign on again. If the registry is not accessible, the user is informed of this and asked to retry later. The incoming and outgoing call functions will not be available until the client has been successfully signed on. The usage case is terminated.
If the client IP address is not acceptable according to any of the client networks parameters in the VG-records the usage case is terminated. No information is presented to the user, as this exception may be a case of illegal use.
If, due to lack of resources, no VG is available to select, the user is informed of this. The client disconnects from the registry and the usage case is terminated.
If no subscriber record exists for the telephone number provided by the client, a new subscriber record is created. The following attributes are filled in: telephone number, client IP address, first sign-on. Obvious default values are filled in for the remaining attributes. After this the present usage case max r ee In another embodiment is no new subscriber record created but rather the usage case terminated.
If, prior to this usage case, the client IP address is associated to some user's telephone number in the registry, this association is obviously invalid. The forced sign-off usage case is executed repeatedly for every such telephone number, until no association from the client IP address to some user's telephone number remains. After this the present usage case mar proceed.
If the subscriber record indicates that the user is already signed on (from any client IP address), the forced sign-off usage case is executed. After this the present usage case may proceed.
If the subscriber's state is disabled the user is rejected access and the usage case is terminated.
Sign-on manual mode The difference in this case is that the user has to be defined 5 by the service provider prior to sign-on. In the below the addition to the auto mode case is described.
The client first request to start the sign-on procedure by signalling this to the registry. In this message the telephone number is transferred.
10 The registry checks that a subscriber record, with that telephone number as key, exists and retrieves a non repeating value (NRV) and associates that NRV with the subscriber. This NRV is sent to the client which then responds with ONF (ONF (telno+password) +NRV) .
15 NRV can be for instance current time is milliseconds.
ONF(telno+password) is either fetched from the client configuration or calculated as result of a password prompt dialogue with the user. Which mechanism to use is user defined.
The registry takes the authentication data (AD) in the 2o subscriber record, then compares ONF(AD+NRV) with the value received from the client. If these values are equal the user is authenticated and a counter of authentication failures to zero.
If the user is non existing the user is informed that he has to contact the service provider to be registered.
ONF(telno+password) is either fetched from the client configuration or calculated as result of a password prompt dialogue with the user. Which mechanism to use is user defined.
The registry takes the authentication data (AD) in the 2o subscriber record, then compares ONF(AD+NRV) with the value received from the client. If these values are equal the user is authenticated and a counter of authentication failures to zero.
If the user is non existing the user is informed that he has to contact the service provider to be registered.
On authentication failure a counter authentication failures is incremented. If this counter exceeds number of password retries the user is disabled.
If the user already is signed on he is informed of this.
In all other parts the exceptions from the auto case remains.
Sign-off, auto mode The client checks that its state is signed-on.
A reminder to cancel his Call Forwarding setting is presented to the user. Unfortunately, cancellation of Call Forwarding cannot be done until the Internet session is finished (outside the scope of the Phone Doubler product?.
The forced sign-off usage case is executed.
The client disconnects from the registry.
If the client state is not signed-on, the usage case is terminated with no further action (shutdown of the client may proceed).
If the registry is not accessible, the usage case is terminated.
Shutdown of the client may proceed. This will lead to an invalid association between the user's telephone number and the client IP address, lasting until it is cleared by a sign-on, auto-sign-off or incoming call set-up usage case.
Sign-Off, manual mode The client checks that its state is signed-on.
WO 98/41043 PCTlSE98/00331 A reminder to cancel his Call Forwarding setting is presented to the user. Unfortunately, cancellation of Call Forwarding cannot be done until the Internet session is finished (outside the scope of the Phone Doubler product).
The forced sign-off usage case is executed.
The client disconnects from the registry.
If the client state is not signed-on, the usage case is terminated with no further action (shutdown of the client may proceed).
If the registry is not accessible, the usage case is terminated.
Shutdown of the client may proceed. This will lead to an invalid association between the user's telephone number and the client IP address, lasting until it is cleared by a sign-on, auto-sign-off or incoming call set-up usage case.
Forced sign-off Other usage cases relying on this one are: Sign-on, Sign-off, Incoming call set-up, Auto-sign-off.
The association between the user's telephone number and the client IP address is broken (The subscriber record is updated}.
In the VG records, corresponding to the subscriber record's primary and secondary VG, the current primary and secondary signed-on users is decremented.
The registry log is updated.
Auto-sign-off This usage case is executed periodically in the registry, without manual intervention. The purpose is to remove incorrect information from the subscriber records. The periodicity is given by the auto sign-off period attribute of the registry. It should be reasonably short, since this is how an accidentally disconnected user gets salvaged and can sign on again. It must however be longer than the PPP inactivity time-out, in order not to interfere with that function of the ISP~s Internet service.
Examine each subscriber record and carry out the steps below:
If the state of the subscriber record is signed-on, verify that the client is actually alive by connecting to it. If the client is not alive, execute the forced sign-off usage case for this subscriber.
If the client is alive but its telephone number does not match I5 the telephone number attribute in the subscriber record, issue a number inconsistency at auto-sign-off alarm and execute the forced sign-off usage case for the subscriber indicated by the subscriber record.
If the client has not been signed on for a very long time (according to the auto removal period defined in the registry), the subscriber record is deleted.
Relation between client UI and usage cases The UI of the client is closely related to the sign-on and sign-off usage cases.
,~.... _ When the client is started it will establish a connection to the ISP's IP network, if not done already by some other application.
The sign-on usage case will then be executed automatically.
The client UI also provides a menu choice or push-button by which the user may request a sign-on. This is meaningful e. g.
if the initial sign-on failed for some reason.
When the client is terminated the sign-off usage case is executed automatically.
Incoming call function The incoming call function makes it possible for the user to be connected to the point-of-presence (POP), using his telephone line, and still be able to receive telephone calls on that line and number.
The A-party is the party calling the user's telephone number, which is diverted to the ISDN group number of a VG cluster. In another embodiment the telephone number of the user may be diverted to a IN service.
Addresses The following addresses are of importance in this function:
~ the user's telephone number ~ the client IP address ~ the A-part's telephone number ~ the voice gateway's ISDN-number Usage cases WO 98/41043 PCTlSE98/00331 Incoming call set-up A-part dials B-part's telephone number, which is forwarded to the UAN _(Universial Access dumber).
The call is originated from the PRI interface. During call set-s up the B-part's telephone number is extracted from the Q.931 signalling over PRI. The type of number to extract is configured in the number extraction method.
If the trunk prefix parameter is present its value is prepended to the B-number.
10 Then the country code parameter is prepended to the B-number.
The VG connects to the registry and looks up the subscriber record of the B-part's telephone number. The client IP address is retrieved from this record.
The VG disconnects from the registry.
15 A connection is established to the client, using the IP address that was fetched from the registry.
The client indicates an incoming call to the user via the UI.
The A-party's telephone number is not presented.
Any of the following usage cases are then possible:
If the user already is signed on he is informed of this.
In all other parts the exceptions from the auto case remains.
Sign-off, auto mode The client checks that its state is signed-on.
A reminder to cancel his Call Forwarding setting is presented to the user. Unfortunately, cancellation of Call Forwarding cannot be done until the Internet session is finished (outside the scope of the Phone Doubler product?.
The forced sign-off usage case is executed.
The client disconnects from the registry.
If the client state is not signed-on, the usage case is terminated with no further action (shutdown of the client may proceed).
If the registry is not accessible, the usage case is terminated.
Shutdown of the client may proceed. This will lead to an invalid association between the user's telephone number and the client IP address, lasting until it is cleared by a sign-on, auto-sign-off or incoming call set-up usage case.
Sign-Off, manual mode The client checks that its state is signed-on.
WO 98/41043 PCTlSE98/00331 A reminder to cancel his Call Forwarding setting is presented to the user. Unfortunately, cancellation of Call Forwarding cannot be done until the Internet session is finished (outside the scope of the Phone Doubler product).
The forced sign-off usage case is executed.
The client disconnects from the registry.
If the client state is not signed-on, the usage case is terminated with no further action (shutdown of the client may proceed).
If the registry is not accessible, the usage case is terminated.
Shutdown of the client may proceed. This will lead to an invalid association between the user's telephone number and the client IP address, lasting until it is cleared by a sign-on, auto-sign-off or incoming call set-up usage case.
Forced sign-off Other usage cases relying on this one are: Sign-on, Sign-off, Incoming call set-up, Auto-sign-off.
The association between the user's telephone number and the client IP address is broken (The subscriber record is updated}.
In the VG records, corresponding to the subscriber record's primary and secondary VG, the current primary and secondary signed-on users is decremented.
The registry log is updated.
Auto-sign-off This usage case is executed periodically in the registry, without manual intervention. The purpose is to remove incorrect information from the subscriber records. The periodicity is given by the auto sign-off period attribute of the registry. It should be reasonably short, since this is how an accidentally disconnected user gets salvaged and can sign on again. It must however be longer than the PPP inactivity time-out, in order not to interfere with that function of the ISP~s Internet service.
Examine each subscriber record and carry out the steps below:
If the state of the subscriber record is signed-on, verify that the client is actually alive by connecting to it. If the client is not alive, execute the forced sign-off usage case for this subscriber.
If the client is alive but its telephone number does not match I5 the telephone number attribute in the subscriber record, issue a number inconsistency at auto-sign-off alarm and execute the forced sign-off usage case for the subscriber indicated by the subscriber record.
If the client has not been signed on for a very long time (according to the auto removal period defined in the registry), the subscriber record is deleted.
Relation between client UI and usage cases The UI of the client is closely related to the sign-on and sign-off usage cases.
,~.... _ When the client is started it will establish a connection to the ISP's IP network, if not done already by some other application.
The sign-on usage case will then be executed automatically.
The client UI also provides a menu choice or push-button by which the user may request a sign-on. This is meaningful e. g.
if the initial sign-on failed for some reason.
When the client is terminated the sign-off usage case is executed automatically.
Incoming call function The incoming call function makes it possible for the user to be connected to the point-of-presence (POP), using his telephone line, and still be able to receive telephone calls on that line and number.
The A-party is the party calling the user's telephone number, which is diverted to the ISDN group number of a VG cluster. In another embodiment the telephone number of the user may be diverted to a IN service.
Addresses The following addresses are of importance in this function:
~ the user's telephone number ~ the client IP address ~ the A-part's telephone number ~ the voice gateway's ISDN-number Usage cases WO 98/41043 PCTlSE98/00331 Incoming call set-up A-part dials B-part's telephone number, which is forwarded to the UAN _(Universial Access dumber).
The call is originated from the PRI interface. During call set-s up the B-part's telephone number is extracted from the Q.931 signalling over PRI. The type of number to extract is configured in the number extraction method.
If the trunk prefix parameter is present its value is prepended to the B-number.
10 Then the country code parameter is prepended to the B-number.
The VG connects to the registry and looks up the subscriber record of the B-part's telephone number. The client IP address is retrieved from this record.
The VG disconnects from the registry.
15 A connection is established to the client, using the IP address that was fetched from the registry.
The client indicates an incoming call to the user via the UI.
The A-party's telephone number is not presented.
Any of the following usage cases are then possible:
20 ~ Incoming call answer ~ Incoming call reject ~ Incoming call A-part hangs up during ringing ~ incoming call ISDN time-out during ringing ....,....,_.... .r i If the VG is disabled the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI
and the usage case is terminated.
If the B-parts telephone number is not provided in PRI the call cannot be handled. The B-part is then signalled to be congestion in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If VG fails to connect to the registry and the registry is redundant this usage case continues with the using the other registry.
If the VG fails to connect to the registry the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If there is no subscriber record for the provided B-number, the call cannot be handled. The VG disconnects from the registry, the B-part is signalled to be busy in the PRI and the usage case is terminated.
I5 If the B-part's telephone number is not associated with an IP
address, the VG disconnects from the registry and the B-part is signalled to be busy in the PRI. The usage case is then terminated. This exception will occur for a user who has signed off and forgotten to cancel his call forwarding.
If the establishment of a connection to the client on the indicated IP address fails, the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI. The present usage case is then terminated.
If the connection to the client succeeds, but the telephone number of the client is not equal to the B-part's telephone number, the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI. The present usage case is then terminated.
If the reject incoming calls flag is set in the client the B
part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If the client software is busy the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If the client cannot allocate any audio device a message is presented to the user. This message informs him that there is an incoming call, and that he has two options: (1) terminate the application that uses audio and pick up the call, or (2) reject the call. If (2) is selected, the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated. If (1) is selected, another attempt is made to set up the call. Should this attempt also fail because the audio device is not free, the same message and options are presented repeatedly.
Incoming call answer This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded. The user chooses to answer the call. The client updates its status message. Speech transmission starts.
Incoming call reject This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded.
The B-part is signalled to be busy in the PRI.
.... . .....
and the usage case is terminated.
If the B-parts telephone number is not provided in PRI the call cannot be handled. The B-part is then signalled to be congestion in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If VG fails to connect to the registry and the registry is redundant this usage case continues with the using the other registry.
If the VG fails to connect to the registry the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If there is no subscriber record for the provided B-number, the call cannot be handled. The VG disconnects from the registry, the B-part is signalled to be busy in the PRI and the usage case is terminated.
I5 If the B-part's telephone number is not associated with an IP
address, the VG disconnects from the registry and the B-part is signalled to be busy in the PRI. The usage case is then terminated. This exception will occur for a user who has signed off and forgotten to cancel his call forwarding.
If the establishment of a connection to the client on the indicated IP address fails, the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI. The present usage case is then terminated.
If the connection to the client succeeds, but the telephone number of the client is not equal to the B-part's telephone number, the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI. The present usage case is then terminated.
If the reject incoming calls flag is set in the client the B
part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If the client software is busy the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated.
If the client cannot allocate any audio device a message is presented to the user. This message informs him that there is an incoming call, and that he has two options: (1) terminate the application that uses audio and pick up the call, or (2) reject the call. If (2) is selected, the B-part is signalled to be busy in PRI and the usage case is terminated. If (1) is selected, another attempt is made to set up the call. Should this attempt also fail because the audio device is not free, the same message and options are presented repeatedly.
Incoming call answer This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded. The user chooses to answer the call. The client updates its status message. Speech transmission starts.
Incoming call reject This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded.
The B-part is signalled to be busy in the PRI.
.... . .....
A11 resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The VG disconnects from the client.
Incoming call A-part hangs up during ringing This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the A-part has hung up.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Incoming call ISDN time-out during ringing This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI. It occurs after a while if the H-part (i. e., the Phone Doubler user) does not act at all, and the A-part does not hang up.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the call was disconnected.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Incoming call B-part hangs up during talking This usage case can only occur after the incoming call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG, and on-hook is signalled in the PRI. The VG disconnects from the client.
Incoming call A-part hangs up during talking This usage case can only occur after the incoming call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI. All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG.
The user is informed that the A-part has hung up (the VG does not wait for user confirmation of this message).
The VG disconnects from the client.
C~qoing call function To allow a user to make outgoing telephone calls to PSTN/ISDN
while being connected over his telephone line to the ISP's point-of-presence (POP).
The following addresses are of importance in this function:
~ the B-part's telephone number ~ the A-part's IP address To understand how these addresses are managed please refer to the configuration management function.
Usage cases The client performs a very limited number analysis of the B-5 number.
Outgoing call set-up It is required that the state of the client is signed-on.
A-part dials B-part's telephone number. No number analysis is performed in the client.
10 The client checks that its current IP address, as reported by the operating system, equals the previously saved client IP
address attribute of the client.
The client checks for the existence of a free audio device on the client platform and reserves it.
15 A connection is established to the VG that was assigned to the client at sign-on.
A check is made that the IP address of the client may actually be served by the VG.
The dialled number is transferred to the VG. A very limited 20 number analysis is performed as follows: If the trunk prefix parameter of the VG is non-empty. A check is made that the leading digits of the dialled number do match the trunk prefix.
If the dial-out parameter is present its value is prepended to the dialled number.
An ISDN call is set up to the called number.
If the network charging parameter is true the user's telephone number is signalled as user provided A-number in the PRI.
If the current client IP address differs from the previously saved client IP address attribute, the state of the client is set to signed-off. The user is advised to sign on again, and the usage case is terminated. This situation may arise if a user IO signs on, the PPP connection goes down, and a new PPP connection with a different client IP address is established.
If the client cannot allocate any audio device the user is informed of the reason and asked to close any application using the audio devices and then retry.
If the connection to the VG cannot be-established, or if the state of the VG is disabled, the client tries to connect to the secondary VG. If this fails the user is advised to close the client and restart it (on the hypothesis that the user will thus be assigned another and better suited VG). The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
If the client IP address is not accepted by the VG a rejected IP
address at outgoing call alarm is issued. The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
T ~ . _ .~. . ... ."", ......
If the VG has no free capacity the user is informed of this and advised to retry later. A VG capacity exceeded alarm is issued.
- The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
If the trunk prefix parameter of the VG is non-empty and the leading digits of the dialled number do match the trunk prefix a check is made if the dialled number is an emergency number. If it is an emergency number the usage case continues other wise the user is informed of that the number has an illegal format and the usage case is terminated.
If the called number cannot be reached the user is informed of the reason (busy, congestion, etc.). The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
Outgoing call answer This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
The B-part chooses to answer the call.
The client updates its status message.
Speech transmission starts.
Outgoing call reject This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
The B-part chooses to reject the call (as may occur if the B-part uses a GSM telephone). The VG sees a busy signal in the PRI.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the B-part rejected the call (the VG does not wait for user confirmation of this message?.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Outgoing call A-part hangs up during ringing This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
The user hangs up before the B-part has acted.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The status message in the client is reset to the idle message.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Outgoing call ISDN time-out during ringing This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI. It occurs after a while if the B-part does not act at all, and the A-part does not hang up.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the call was disconnected by ISDN.
The VG disconnects from the client.
_. ........._.... ~ ~ , WO 98!41043 PCT/SE98/00331 Outgoing call A-part hangs up during talking This is how successful outgoing calls are usually terminated.
This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The status message in the client is reset to the idle message.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Outgoing call ISDN disconnect during talking This usage case occurs only infrequently.
This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
The B-part hangs up. After a while the ISDN network disconnects the call (the VG sees this in the PRI).
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the call was disconnected by the B-part (the VG does not wait for user confirmation of this message).
The VG disconnects from the client.
Subscriber management function To make it possible to administrate the subscribers of the service. The need for service is expected to be small, consisting of occasionally deleting a subscriber record for which the password has been lost.
5 Usage cases Automatic subscriber removal The subscriber record of a user that does not sign on for a very long time gets deleted from the registry. See the auto-sign-off usage case under Fault Management. This will limit the 10 subscriber table in the registry to consist of reasonably active Phone Doubler users. A user that gets removed from the registry can sign on again at any time.
Subscriber provision A management system can add a specified users via the OMI FTP-15 interface.
A human administrator can remove a specified user via the OMI
HTTP-interface.
Changes made in one registry node are replicated to the redundant registry node.
20 Subscriber removal A management system can remove a specified users via the OMI
FTP-interf ace.
A human administrator can remove a specified user via the OMI
HTTP- interface .
.. . . .
Changes made in one registry node are replicated to the redundant registry node.
Add and remove subscriber to/from blacklist The subscription's state is set to disabled/enabled.
Can be done via HTTP and FTP
Change password of subscriber Can be done via HTTP and FTP.
Subscriber analysis A human administrator can retrieve the subscriber-records via the OMI HTTP-interface.
Authentication function The authentication scheme is described in the sign-on and sign-off function.
To prohibit illegitimate use of the service. In particular, to reduce the risk that someone states the telephone number of another Phone Doubter user at sign-on.
Charging function Charging is supported in a number of ways:
Registry logs is generated and can be retrieved for the purpose of charging periodical fees or statistical purposes.
Cali logs are generated and can be retrieved for the purpose of charging per call charges or statistical purposes.
In manual provisioning mode users can be authenticated to be the legitimate user of its telephone number or user-id.
Users can charged based on their IP-address if the charging system can determine the user of a certain IP-address at a certain time. This must be based on logs from the access servers if DHCP is used.
Incoming calls can be charged based on service rates on the UAN.
In manual provisioning mode outgoing calls can be made with user provided A-number which can be used in the telephone networks charging system for charging of outgoing calls.
Performance management function To make it possible for the SP to monitor and adjust the resource utilisation of this service in the network.
Traffic in and out of the gateway is measured on the ISDN side, for which well known and understood tools and methods exist.
The registry log can be used for statistical analysis of sign-on and sign-off behaviour.
The call logs can be used as complement to the ISDN tools to analyse the telephony behaviour.
An alarm is sent if capacity was exceeded at outgoing call.
t ~.
The invention being thus described, it will be obviouse that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the sni r; r a"~a ~~~,.,o ~~ ..~,..
invention, and all such modifications as would be obvoiuse to a man skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
Incoming call A-part hangs up during ringing This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the A-part has hung up.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Incoming call ISDN time-out during ringing This usage case can only occur after the incoming call set-up has succeeded.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI. It occurs after a while if the H-part (i. e., the Phone Doubler user) does not act at all, and the A-part does not hang up.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the call was disconnected.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Incoming call B-part hangs up during talking This usage case can only occur after the incoming call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG, and on-hook is signalled in the PRI. The VG disconnects from the client.
Incoming call A-part hangs up during talking This usage case can only occur after the incoming call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI. All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG.
The user is informed that the A-part has hung up (the VG does not wait for user confirmation of this message).
The VG disconnects from the client.
C~qoing call function To allow a user to make outgoing telephone calls to PSTN/ISDN
while being connected over his telephone line to the ISP's point-of-presence (POP).
The following addresses are of importance in this function:
~ the B-part's telephone number ~ the A-part's IP address To understand how these addresses are managed please refer to the configuration management function.
Usage cases The client performs a very limited number analysis of the B-5 number.
Outgoing call set-up It is required that the state of the client is signed-on.
A-part dials B-part's telephone number. No number analysis is performed in the client.
10 The client checks that its current IP address, as reported by the operating system, equals the previously saved client IP
address attribute of the client.
The client checks for the existence of a free audio device on the client platform and reserves it.
15 A connection is established to the VG that was assigned to the client at sign-on.
A check is made that the IP address of the client may actually be served by the VG.
The dialled number is transferred to the VG. A very limited 20 number analysis is performed as follows: If the trunk prefix parameter of the VG is non-empty. A check is made that the leading digits of the dialled number do match the trunk prefix.
If the dial-out parameter is present its value is prepended to the dialled number.
An ISDN call is set up to the called number.
If the network charging parameter is true the user's telephone number is signalled as user provided A-number in the PRI.
If the current client IP address differs from the previously saved client IP address attribute, the state of the client is set to signed-off. The user is advised to sign on again, and the usage case is terminated. This situation may arise if a user IO signs on, the PPP connection goes down, and a new PPP connection with a different client IP address is established.
If the client cannot allocate any audio device the user is informed of the reason and asked to close any application using the audio devices and then retry.
If the connection to the VG cannot be-established, or if the state of the VG is disabled, the client tries to connect to the secondary VG. If this fails the user is advised to close the client and restart it (on the hypothesis that the user will thus be assigned another and better suited VG). The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
If the client IP address is not accepted by the VG a rejected IP
address at outgoing call alarm is issued. The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
T ~ . _ .~. . ... ."", ......
If the VG has no free capacity the user is informed of this and advised to retry later. A VG capacity exceeded alarm is issued.
- The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
If the trunk prefix parameter of the VG is non-empty and the leading digits of the dialled number do match the trunk prefix a check is made if the dialled number is an emergency number. If it is an emergency number the usage case continues other wise the user is informed of that the number has an illegal format and the usage case is terminated.
If the called number cannot be reached the user is informed of the reason (busy, congestion, etc.). The audio device is released and the usage case is terminated.
Outgoing call answer This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
The B-part chooses to answer the call.
The client updates its status message.
Speech transmission starts.
Outgoing call reject This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
The B-part chooses to reject the call (as may occur if the B-part uses a GSM telephone). The VG sees a busy signal in the PRI.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the B-part rejected the call (the VG does not wait for user confirmation of this message?.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Outgoing call A-part hangs up during ringing This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
The user hangs up before the B-part has acted.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The status message in the client is reset to the idle message.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Outgoing call ISDN time-out during ringing This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call set-up usage case has succeeded.
This usage case is triggered from the PRI. It occurs after a while if the B-part does not act at all, and the A-part does not hang up.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the call was disconnected by ISDN.
The VG disconnects from the client.
_. ........._.... ~ ~ , WO 98!41043 PCT/SE98/00331 Outgoing call A-part hangs up during talking This is how successful outgoing calls are usually terminated.
This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The status message in the client is reset to the idle message.
The VG disconnects from the client.
Outgoing call ISDN disconnect during talking This usage case occurs only infrequently.
This usage case can only occur after the outgoing call answer has succeeded, i. e. when speech transmission has been established.
The B-part hangs up. After a while the ISDN network disconnects the call (the VG sees this in the PRI).
All resources that were allocated for the call are released in the client and the VG. The user is informed that the call was disconnected by the B-part (the VG does not wait for user confirmation of this message).
The VG disconnects from the client.
Subscriber management function To make it possible to administrate the subscribers of the service. The need for service is expected to be small, consisting of occasionally deleting a subscriber record for which the password has been lost.
5 Usage cases Automatic subscriber removal The subscriber record of a user that does not sign on for a very long time gets deleted from the registry. See the auto-sign-off usage case under Fault Management. This will limit the 10 subscriber table in the registry to consist of reasonably active Phone Doubler users. A user that gets removed from the registry can sign on again at any time.
Subscriber provision A management system can add a specified users via the OMI FTP-15 interface.
A human administrator can remove a specified user via the OMI
HTTP-interface.
Changes made in one registry node are replicated to the redundant registry node.
20 Subscriber removal A management system can remove a specified users via the OMI
FTP-interf ace.
A human administrator can remove a specified user via the OMI
HTTP- interface .
.. . . .
Changes made in one registry node are replicated to the redundant registry node.
Add and remove subscriber to/from blacklist The subscription's state is set to disabled/enabled.
Can be done via HTTP and FTP
Change password of subscriber Can be done via HTTP and FTP.
Subscriber analysis A human administrator can retrieve the subscriber-records via the OMI HTTP-interface.
Authentication function The authentication scheme is described in the sign-on and sign-off function.
To prohibit illegitimate use of the service. In particular, to reduce the risk that someone states the telephone number of another Phone Doubter user at sign-on.
Charging function Charging is supported in a number of ways:
Registry logs is generated and can be retrieved for the purpose of charging periodical fees or statistical purposes.
Cali logs are generated and can be retrieved for the purpose of charging per call charges or statistical purposes.
In manual provisioning mode users can be authenticated to be the legitimate user of its telephone number or user-id.
Users can charged based on their IP-address if the charging system can determine the user of a certain IP-address at a certain time. This must be based on logs from the access servers if DHCP is used.
Incoming calls can be charged based on service rates on the UAN.
In manual provisioning mode outgoing calls can be made with user provided A-number which can be used in the telephone networks charging system for charging of outgoing calls.
Performance management function To make it possible for the SP to monitor and adjust the resource utilisation of this service in the network.
Traffic in and out of the gateway is measured on the ISDN side, for which well known and understood tools and methods exist.
The registry log can be used for statistical analysis of sign-on and sign-off behaviour.
The call logs can be used as complement to the ISDN tools to analyse the telephony behaviour.
An alarm is sent if capacity was exceeded at outgoing call.
t ~.
The invention being thus described, it will be obviouse that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the sni r; r a"~a ~~~,.,o ~~ ..~,..
invention, and all such modifications as would be obvoiuse to a man skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (13)
1. A method in a communication network comprising at least a data network (IP) and a telecommunications network (PSTN), said communication network further comprising at least two voice gateways (VG) for adaptation of voice connections between the data network and the telecommunications network, of establishing a connection to a subscriber connected to the data network, comprising the steps of:
- instructing a service node in the network to redirect all incoming calls to the telephone connection to a number identifying at least two voice gateways, - for each incoming call to said telephone connection:
- selecting one of the at least two voice gateways;
- redirecting said call to said selected voice gateway.
- instructing a service node in the network to redirect all incoming calls to the telephone connection to a number identifying at least two voice gateways, - for each incoming call to said telephone connection:
- selecting one of the at least two voice gateways;
- redirecting said call to said selected voice gateway.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the subscriber is connected directly to the data network through a leased line.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the subscriber is connected to the data network through a modem, the telecommunications network and an access server.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the communications network comprises at least two access servers for connection of data terminals to the data network through the telecommunications network.
5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the voice gateway having the lowest workload is selected as the most suitable one.
6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the voice gateway minimizing the travelling time for the IP packets between the voice gateway and the subscriber.
7. A method according to any one of the claims 3, wherein the voice gateway located nearest the remote access server used in the connection is selected.
8. A method according to any one of the claims 1-4, wherein the selection of a voice gateway is carried out by a Service Control Point (SCP) in an intelligent telecommunications network.
9. A control node for use in a communications network, said network comprising a telecommunications network and a data communication network, said control node being characterized in that it comprises - means for receiving instructions from a service node in the telecommunications network comprising a number identifying at least two voice gateways;
- means for selecting one of the at least two voice gateways as the most suitable one to which an incoming call should be redirected.
- means for selecting one of the at least two voice gateways as the most suitable one to which an incoming call should be redirected.
10. A control node according to claim 7, comprising means for directing the incoming call to the voice gateway having the lowest workload.
11. A control node according to claim 7 or 8, comprising means connecting the incoming call to the voice gateway minimizing the travelling time for the IP
packets between the voice gateway and the subscriber.
packets between the voice gateway and the subscriber.
12. A control node according to any one of the claims 7 or 8, comprising means for connecting the call to the voice gateway located nearest the access server used in the connection.
13. A communication network comprising at least a data network (IP) and a telecommunications network (PSTN), said communication network further comprising at least two voice gateways (VG) for adaptation of voice connections between the data network and the telecommunications network, characterized in that it comprises a control node according to any one of claims 7-10.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9700872A SE517567C2 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1997-03-11 | Directing incoming calls |
| SE9700872-6 | 1997-03-11 | ||
| PCT/SE1998/000331 WO1998041043A1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-02-24 | Incoming call routing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2283793A1 true CA2283793A1 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
Family
ID=20406108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002283793A Abandoned CA2283793A1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-02-24 | Incoming call routing |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0966848A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001517385A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1255269A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU733799B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9807997A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2283793A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO994172L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE517567C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998041043A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19845331A1 (en) | 1998-10-01 | 2000-04-06 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for determining traffic routes in a communication or data network or a network of communication and data network |
| EP0996295A1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2000-04-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Mobile communication system and alternative network gateway unit for processing a call |
| AU770934B2 (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 2004-03-11 | Sharecall Technologies Pty Ltd | Telephone line sharing module |
| AUPP747598A0 (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 1998-12-24 | Reznik, Michael | The share call card-the integration of virtual telephone line with telephone for public telephone network users |
| DE10001077A1 (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-19 | Alcatel Sa | Method, service switching center, service control node, internet gateway, program module and internet terminal for establishing a call connection between a telephone network terminal and an internet terminal |
| GB0322973D0 (en) | 2003-10-01 | 2003-11-05 | Siemens Ag | Telephone call processing |
| US7668173B2 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2010-02-23 | Azalea Networks | Method and system for an adaptive wireless routing protocol in a mesh network |
| CN106912063A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-30 | 北京百悟科技有限公司 | Method and device for calling routing |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2129942C (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1998-08-25 | Steven Todd Kaish | Telecommunication network with integrated network-wide automatic call distribution |
| CA2173304C (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 2003-04-29 | Anthony J. Dezonno | Method and system for establishing voice communications using a computer network |
| FI104869B (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 2000-04-14 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Method for establishing a voice connection between networks and an intelligent network service |
| US5619557A (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-04-08 | Rockwell International Corporation | Telephone switching system and method for controlling incoming telephone calls to remote agents and for collecting and providing call data |
| US20010040885A1 (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 2001-11-15 | Howard Jonas | Method and apparatus for transmitting and routing voice telephone calls over a packet switched computer network |
-
1997
- 1997-03-11 SE SE9700872A patent/SE517567C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-02-24 WO PCT/SE1998/000331 patent/WO1998041043A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-02-24 CA CA002283793A patent/CA2283793A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-02-24 JP JP52709898A patent/JP2001517385A/en active Pending
- 1998-02-24 CN CN 98804982 patent/CN1255269A/en active Pending
- 1998-02-24 EP EP98909894A patent/EP0966848A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-02-24 BR BR9807997-2A patent/BR9807997A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-24 AU AU64263/98A patent/AU733799B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-08-27 NO NO994172A patent/NO994172L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6426398A (en) | 1998-09-29 |
| SE517567C2 (en) | 2002-06-18 |
| BR9807997A (en) | 2000-03-08 |
| JP2001517385A (en) | 2001-10-02 |
| SE9700872L (en) | 1998-11-02 |
| NO994172L (en) | 1999-11-11 |
| NO994172D0 (en) | 1999-08-27 |
| SE9700872D0 (en) | 1997-03-11 |
| WO1998041043A1 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
| AU733799B2 (en) | 2001-05-24 |
| CN1255269A (en) | 2000-05-31 |
| EP0966848A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |