CA2282324A1 - Well boring with blasting agents - Google Patents

Well boring with blasting agents Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2282324A1
CA2282324A1 CA002282324A CA2282324A CA2282324A1 CA 2282324 A1 CA2282324 A1 CA 2282324A1 CA 002282324 A CA002282324 A CA 002282324A CA 2282324 A CA2282324 A CA 2282324A CA 2282324 A1 CA2282324 A1 CA 2282324A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
perforating
detonating
switch
line
stage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002282324A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Rolf Rospek
Heinz Schafer
Ulrich Steiner
Lothar Jasche
Helmut Lechen
Steffen Witte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ANTARES DATENSYSTEME GmbH
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2282324A1 publication Critical patent/CA2282324A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045Arrangements for electric ignition
    • F42D1/05Electric circuits for blasting
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/1185Ignition systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention pertains to a well (1) boring method (10) involving the use of blasting agents, whereby drillings are made at various successive levels (12, 13), for each of which a plurality of blasting charges (16) are provided. To each level corresponds an addressable switch (14) which, when in a position of rest, powers on the ignition circuit (11) and, when in an operating position, isolates said ignition circuit to connect it to an ignition control device (15) for the corresponding boring level.

Description

V~IELL BORING 4~1ITH BLASTING AGENTS
The invention relates to a device for perforating the walls of wells, particularly of wells which are used for oil or gas production.
For extracting oil deposits which are present, for example, below the sea bed, steel tubes which are welded at the end faces are first of all lowered from the surface of the water as far as the sea bed. A hole is then driven onwards into the sea bed, into which the steel tubes are further advanced. Wells of this kind may be up to 4000 m deep. In order to be able to exploit the reserves of oil, the steel wall of the tube must be perforated at the level of the oil layers, so that the oil passes into the tube and can be conveyed to the surface.
Wells for oil production normally extend through a number of vertically separated oil-bearing layers. In order to operate in an economic manner, all the regions of the well which lie in the region of the said oil-bearing layers are perforated. Since the lowering of the explosive charges as far as the desired perforating depths is a protracted process, it is customary to use a number of detonating stages which are attached to one or more detonating lines and each having a detonator with the proper explosive charges belonging therefor.
In order to ensure that when a detonating stage is activated, the detonating stages disposed above it or a detonating appliance located outside the well are not damaged by interfering signals on the detonating line, the activated detonating stage must be separated from the detonating line before the detonation of the particular explosive charges.. The known systems operate with mechanical switches for separating the individual detonating stages. A problem with these systems is that short circuits or undefined conditions can occur, which make it necessary to interrupt blasting and to draw the detonating stage out of the well again.
The underlying object of the invention is to provide an explosive perforating device with improved activation and electrical separation of the individual detonating stages.
This object is achieved, according to the invention, with the aid of the features in claim 1 or claim 5.
The explosive perforating device of the first variant (claim 1) according to the invention has a number of perforating stages disposed one behind the other, which are electrically connected in series to a detonating line. Each perforating stage contains an addressable switch, which can be selectively activated, in each case, by a combination of signals on the detonating line. In the rest condition, the switch switches the detonating line through to the next perforating stage.
Only one bipolar detonating line, that in which the switch is disposed, is used. A detonating control unit, which activates the individual perforating charges in a perforating stage, is separated from the detonating line when the switch is~in the rest condition. When the switch is in the operating condition; the detonating control apparatus is connected to the detonating line, while the detonating line to the next deepest perforating stage is interrupted.
The explosive perforating device according to the invention has the advantage that, when the switch is in the rest position, the downstream detonator electronics of the perforating stages are conductively disconnected from the detonating line. Only when the switch of a S perforating stage is activated by programming are the electronics of this perforating stage which is being addressed connected to the detonating line, so that the detonating control apparatus of the perforating stage is activated. After the detonating control apparatus has been activated, it has to be programmed with special digital signals in order to be able to actuate and detonate the perforating charges of this perforating stage. If the detonating control apparatus receives signals which do not meet the specification, it has to be reset by interrupting the voltage supply for 20 seconds. Because of this double addressing, failure to detonate is very unlikely.
The detonation control apparatus may be programmed in such a way that the perforating charges of the perforating stage in question detonate only after a delay period which can be set. This makes it possible to program the lowest perforating stage and, within the delay period, to activate the switch of the next highest perforating stage, so that the lowest perforating stage is disconnected from the detonating line in order to prevent the next highest perforating stage or the detonating appliance being damaged by faults on the detonating line which occur when the perforating charges are detonated.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each switch contains an individual address. On receiving this address, this switch passes over into the operating position. The address of the switch advantageously consists of eight digit positions. This address is transmitted serially on the detonating line and deposited in a shift register belonging to the switch.
This addressing of the switch increases the safety of the explosive perforating device, since each switch can be actuated selectively and any interfering pulses on the detonating line do not lead to activation of the switch.
In an alternative preferred form of embodiment, the object is achieved with the aid of the features in claim 5.
In this embodiment, the perforating stages are electrically connected in series to the detonating line, and each perforating stage has an electronic switch with three switching positions, with the switch being open in the rest condition and being brought by one of two possible signal combinations on the detonating line into the position that corresponds to the particular signal combination. This alternative embodiment is otherwise identical to the embodiment according to claim 1.
This means an arrangement of identical, serially disposed electronic switches which are brought, with the aid of a certain signal combination on the detonating line, from the rest position into the position in which the next switch is connected to the detonating line, and are brought, with the aid of a defined other signal combination on the detonating line, from the rest position into the position in which the detonating control apparatus is connected to the detonating line, with a switch position which has been selected once being arrested and being maintained during a switching cycle, and with the switches returning automatically, after a brief waiting period, to the rest position after the switching-off of the electric current supply.
The detonating control apparatus can advantageously be activated only by a defined signal combination on the detonating line.
In another preferred embodiment, the signal combination on the detonating line has eight or more digit positions, with this signal combination being compared with a signal combination deposited in a shift register belonging to the electronic switch.
Furthermore, the signal combination on the detonating line preferably consists of a certain number of pulses within a defined time window, with the signal combination being compared with that deposited in the switch electronics.
The invention will be explained in greater detail below with the aid of the drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a section through a well, Figure 2 shows the principal make-up of an explosive perforating device in principle, and Figure 3 shows the chronological progress of a well-perforating operation.
Figure 1 shows a well I which is intended for oil production and which is lined with a steel tube 2. The well l extends through water 3 and through strata lying beneath it. Oil-bearing layers 4 and rock 5 alternate.
An explosive perforating device 10 is suspended on a detonating line in the well 1. The said explosive perforating device 10 has an upper perforating stage 12 and a lower perforating stage 13. The lower perforating stage 13 has already been detonated and has perforated the well wall 2, so that the oil from the oil-bearing layer 4 passes into the well 1 and can be conveyed from that point.
Figure 2 shows the explosive perforating device 10 with the two perforating stages 12 and 13. Each perforating stage has an electronic switch 14 which is disposed in the detonating line ll and, in its rest position, connects the said detonating line 11 through to the next deepest perforating stage. In the operating position, the switch 14 divides up the detonating line 11 and connects the upper end of the said detonating line 11 to a detonating control apparatus 15.
Connected radially to the latter are perforating charges l6 which are distributed peripherally and above one another. The perforating charges are hollow charges 16 which act in such a way as to be directed radially outwards and which, when detonated, blast round holes in the steel jacket of the tube 2, through which holes the oil is then able to penetrate into the said' tube 2 .
The detonating control apparatus 15 can be programmed so that a delay period can be set. If the detonating control apparatus 15 then receives a detonating signal, the hollow charges 16 thus detonate only after the said delay period has expired.
The switch 14 has control electronics 17 and a switching element 18 which is actuated in dependence upon the said control electronics 17. When the switching element 18 has been actuated once, it remains in the operating position, even if the detonating line _7_ 11 is deprived of the voltage supply, for example if a detonating control apparatus 15 has to be reset after receiving a faulty signal.
The execution of a well-perforating operation will now be explained with the aid of Figure 3. To begin with, the switches 14 of all the perforating stages are in the rest position, so that the detonating line 11 is connected only to an above-ground detonating appliance which is not represented here, but is not connected to one of the detonating control apparatuses 15. After the lowest perforating stage 13 has been lowered as far as that oil layer 4 in the region of which the steel tube 2 of the well 1 is to be perforated, the switch 14 of the lowest perforating stage 13 is addressed with a specific addressing signal AS1 (time interval Tl).
The addressing signal AS is transmitted to the detonating line 11, which consists of two wires, serially as an 8-bit signal from the detonating appliance to the switches 14. The electronics 17 of the switch 14 detect a bit change in the unipolar addressing signal AS when the signal voltage exceeds or falls below a value which corresponds to half the normal signal amplitude. The individual bits are read, one after the other, into a shift register, the contents of which are advanced at each bit change.
After 8 bits have been read in, the contents of the shift register are read through and compared with a permanently stored address associated with the particular switch 14. If the two addresses are identical, the switching element 18 of the switch 14 is activated at a time interval Tz, so that the detonating control apparatus 15 of the lowest perforating stage 13 is connected to the detonating line 11 and thereby to the detonating appliance.

_g_ The detonating control apparatus 15 is then programmed at a time interval T3 with a bipolar programming signal PS. The programming signal PS consists of a first part, with the aid of which the detonating control apparatus 15 is armed, and a second part, with the aid of which the delay period Tv is programmed. The freely selectable delay period TY which has been programmed in is activated after a detonating pulse has been received. Within this delay period T~, the switch 14 of the next highest perforating stage 12 is addressed (T4), so that the detonating line 11 is interrupted at an interval TS by the throwing of the said switch and is connected to the detonating control apparatus of the perforating stage 12. Thus, the lowest perforating stage 13 is completely disconnected from the detonating line 11.
The delay period T~ is calculated in such a way that, within the said delay period T~, the switch 14 of the next highest perforating stage 12 can be activated with the aid of an addressing signal AS2 which differs from the addressing signal ASl; and a certain safety period (for example, half the time interval T6) still remains.
After the expiry of the delay period T~, the detonating control apparatus 15 detonates all the hollow charges 16 of the lowest perforating stage 13. After a certain waiting period (for example, the second half of the interval T6), the perforating stage 12, which is now the lowest perforating stage, is moved as far as the level of the next oil-bearing layer 4. The sequence is now repeated from the point in time t2.

Claims (8)

Claims
1. Explosive perforating device (10) for wells (1), particularly wells for oil or gas production, the said device having a number of perforating stages (12, 13) which are disposed one behind the other and each have a number of perforating charges (16) which are disposed in a distributed manner and act outwards, and having a detonating line (11) which can be connected to a detonating appliance for activating the said perforating device (10), with the perforating stages (12, 13) being electrically connected in series to the detonating line (11) and each perforating stage (12, 13) having an addressable switch (14) which can be selectively activated, in each case, by a combination of signals on the detonating line (11), with, in the rest condition, each switch (14) switching the detonating line (11) through to the next perforating stage, and with each perforating stage (12, 13) containing a detonating control apparatus (15) of its own which is connected to the said detonating line when the switch (14) of the perforating stage in question is in the operating position.
2. Explosive perforating device according to claim 1, characterised in that the detonating control apparatus (15) can be programmed so that the perforating charges (16) can be activated with a delay period (Tv).
3. Explosive perforating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that each switch (14) contains an individual address and passes over into the operating position when this address is received.
4. Explosive perforating device according to claim 3, characterised in that the address of the switch (14) has eight digit positions and that the address which is transmitted serially on the detonating line (11) can be deposited in a shift register belonging to the said switch (14), and read through.
5. Explosive perforating device (10) for wells (1), particularly wells for oil and gas production, the said device having a number of perforating stages (12, 13) which are disposed one behind the other and each having a number of perforating charges (16) which are disposed in a distributed manner and acting outwards, and the device having a detonating line (11) which can be connected to a detonating appliance for activating the said perforating device (10), with the perforating stages (12, 13) being electrically connected in series to the detonating line (11) and each perforating stage (12, 13) having an electrical switch with three switching positions, with the said switches being open in the rest condition and being able to be brought, by one of two possible signal combinations on the detonating line (11), into the position that corresponds to the particular signal combination, and with each perforating stage (12, 13) containing a detonating control apparatus (15) of its own which is connected to the said detonating line (11) when the switch of the perforating stage in question is in the corresponding operating position.
6. Explosive perforating device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the detonating control apparatus (15) can be activated only by a defined signal combination on the detonating line (11).
7. Explosive perforating device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the signal combination on the detonating line (11) has eight or more digit positions, with the said signal combination being compared with a signal combination deposited in a shift register belonging to the electronic switch.
8. Explosive perforating device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the signal combination on the detonating line (11) consists of a defined number of pulses within a defined time window, with the signal combination being compared with the signal combination deposited in the electronics of the switch.
CA002282324A 1997-02-28 1998-02-26 Well boring with blasting agents Abandoned CA2282324A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19708073.1 1997-02-28
DE19708073 1997-02-28
DE19807386A DE19807386A1 (en) 1997-02-28 1998-02-21 Blasting perforation device for boreholes
DE19807386.0 1998-02-21
PCT/EP1998/001081 WO1998038470A1 (en) 1997-02-28 1998-02-26 Well boring with blasting agents

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2282324A1 true CA2282324A1 (en) 1998-09-03

Family

ID=26034372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002282324A Abandoned CA2282324A1 (en) 1997-02-28 1998-02-26 Well boring with blasting agents

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0963539A1 (en)
AU (1) AU6823998A (en)
CA (1) CA2282324A1 (en)
DE (1) DE19807386A1 (en)
NO (1) NO994166L (en)
WO (1) WO1998038470A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19983586B4 (en) 1998-09-24 2008-05-15 Schlumberger Technology B.V. Igniting explosive devices
US6752083B1 (en) 1998-09-24 2004-06-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Detonators for use with explosive devices
US6283227B1 (en) 1998-10-27 2001-09-04 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Downhole activation system that assigns and retrieves identifiers
US7347278B2 (en) 1998-10-27 2008-03-25 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Secure activation of a downhole device
US7383882B2 (en) 1998-10-27 2008-06-10 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Interactive and/or secure activation of a tool
US6148263A (en) * 1998-10-27 2000-11-14 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Activation of well tools
US6938689B2 (en) 1998-10-27 2005-09-06 Schumberger Technology Corp. Communicating with a tool
EP2341212A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2011-07-06 Welltec A/S Downhole perforation tool

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2655619A (en) * 1948-10-25 1953-10-13 Cherrietta Dover Selective charge-firing equipment
US4208966A (en) * 1978-02-21 1980-06-24 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Methods and apparatus for selectively operating multi-charge well bore guns
US4527636A (en) * 1982-07-02 1985-07-09 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Single-wire selective perforation system having firing safeguards
US4496010A (en) * 1982-07-02 1985-01-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Single-wire selective performation system
FR2530333B1 (en) * 1982-07-16 1987-03-20 Commissariat Energie Atomique TRANSPORTATION AND SELECTIVE FIRE REMOTE INSTALLATION OF SEVERAL EXPLOSIVE LOADS CARRIED BY A CARRIER CABLE
US4825765A (en) * 1986-09-25 1989-05-02 Nippon Oil And Fats Co., Ltd. Delay circuit for electric blasting, detonating primer having delay circuit and system for electrically blasting detonating primers
US5295438A (en) * 1991-12-03 1994-03-22 Plessey Tellumat South Africa Limited Single initiate command system and method for a multi-shot blast

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6823998A (en) 1998-09-18
NO994166D0 (en) 1999-08-27
WO1998038470A1 (en) 1998-09-03
DE19807386A1 (en) 1998-09-03
EP0963539A1 (en) 1999-12-15
NO994166L (en) 1999-10-13

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FZDE Discontinued