CA2264324A1 - Progammable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polyeric gragting array - Google Patents
Progammable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polyeric gragting array Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2264324A1 CA2264324A1 CA 2264324 CA2264324A CA2264324A1 CA 2264324 A1 CA2264324 A1 CA 2264324A1 CA 2264324 CA2264324 CA 2264324 CA 2264324 A CA2264324 A CA 2264324A CA 2264324 A1 CA2264324 A1 CA 2264324A1
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- electro
- grating
- modulated
- optically modulated
- array
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/061—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on electro-optical organic material
- G02F1/065—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on electro-optical organic material in an optical waveguide structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/31—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching
- G02F1/313—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching in an optical waveguide structure
- G02F1/3132—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching in an optical waveguide structure of directional coupler type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/30—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating
- G02F2201/302—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating grating coupler
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
A programmable demultiplexer employing electro-optically modulated polymeric grating array in conjunction with substrate guided waves is proposed. Among these electro-optic gratings in the grating array have different coupling wavelengths so that each of them can couple an expected wavelength out from the substrate guided waves.
Thus, this architecture can be used as a programmable demultiplexer to implement reconfigurable wavelength-division-multiplexing lightwave systems.
Thus, this architecture can be used as a programmable demultiplexer to implement reconfigurable wavelength-division-multiplexing lightwave systems.
Description
PROGAMMABLE DEMULTIPLEXER USING ELECTRO-OPTICALLY
MODULATED POLYERIC GRAGTING ARRAY
Technical Field This invention relates to electro-optic demultiplexing devices for reconfigurable wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) lightwave systems in fiber-optic communication.
Background of the Invention The WDM lightwave system is the optical communication in the wavelength multiplex mode. This novel approach allows modulated radiation from several light sources of clearly distinct wavelengths to be transmitted simultaneously over a single fiber and is one most promising approach to improve the number of communication channels and capacity in the fiber-optic communication. The use of this novel approach WDM
has the potential of improving the performance of the fourth generation lightwave systems by a factor of more than 1000. The commercialization of high-capacity WDM lightwave systems requires the high performance channel multiplexers and demultiplexers with add-drop capacity.
Recently, research on the devices and techniques for high capacity WDM systems or dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems having effective network restoration capability, i.e., reconfigurable WDM systems has received much more attention. Most of currently available demultiplexers are passive devices, so they can not satisfy the requirements of the reconfigurable WDM systems. In future high-capacity WDM systems or DWDM systems, the routing of optical signals will be performed in optical cross-connects (OXCs). The functions and applicability of the WDM
systems will be extended by the reconfigurable structures.
The reconfigurable WDM networks would facilitate transport of large bandwidths.
The switching nodes in this kind of WDM networks could be directly connected to each other without electronic processing. This relaxes the capacity requirements of electronic switching systems when all the links can be by passed all optically. A dynamic reconfigurable WDM network layer could be set up such direct links. This could be used to adapt the network to any structural changes in traffic load.
So far, there has not been much work focusing on developing new types of demultiplexing devices for the dynamic reconfigurable WDM systems.
Summary of the Invention A new optical interconnect architecture using multiple electro-optically modulated polymeric gratings in conjunction with substrate guided waves is proposed.
These electro-optically modulated polymeric gratings are designed to have different coupling wavelengths and fabricated on a high-index substrate. When a chosen grating spot is activated by an appropriate modulation effect, the modulated polymeric grating is formed and then it +couples an optical beam having the expected wavelength out from the substrate guided waves. Namely, different grating spots can be used to couple different wavelength beams from the substrate guided waves. Therefore, the electro-optically programmable optical interconnect devices according to the present invention can be used as demultiplexers to implement the reconfigurable WDM lightwave systems for fiber-optic communication.
In accordance with the present invention, the structure of the gratings must meet two conditions. One condition is the total internal reflection (TIR) for optical beam bouncing within the substrate when no modulation effect is not applied onto the gratings. The other condition is the matching condition among all the momentums at the expected wavelength for grating coupling when the modulation effect is applied onto the grating.
Theoretical study shows that a perfect matching with the structures according to the present invention can not always be implemented, so the compensation for the mismatch existing in the structures is needed to be made by some special design. The better design of a grating structure directly impacts coupling efficiency of the grating and the bandwidth of the coupled beam at the expected wavelength.
Brief Description of the Drawi FIG.1 is the configuration of the programmable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polymeric grating array in conjunction with substrate guided waves.
FIG.2 is the amplified structure of one electro-optically modulated polymeric grating fabricated on the substrate of FIG.1.
Detailed Description As shown in FIG.1, the demultiplexer is composed of a high-index substrate, an electro-optic ploymer layer 22, multiple modulating gratings: G, , Gz ,..., G"
. As shown in FIG.2, each of the gratings ( G, , G, ,..., G" ) has the same structure of three layers. They are an electro-optic ploymer layer 22, a lower electrode 24, and an upper electrode 26.
In principle, when an optical beam is coupled into the substrate 20, a bouncing beam is formed if no grating is activated. If an appropriate moc:alation effect is applied onto the grating electrode G; , a modulated grating is formated at G; and an optical beam having the expected wavelength ~.; is coupled out from the bouncing waves. Therefore, totally there are two conditions to support two operations. The first condition is the TIR at any grating spot to form the bouncing beam within the substrate if no modulation effect is applied onto this device. The second condition is the momentum matching for coupling an optical beam having the expected wavelength with a high efficiency. When the second condition is met to perform the second operation, the first condition, i.e., the TIR
condition is broken. If the second condition, i.e., the momentum matching, can not be completely met in this structure, a compensation for the mismatch of the momentums need to be made to improve the coupling efficiency of the electro-optically modulated polymeric grating. For more detailed information about the compensation for the mismatch of the momentums, see Applied Optics 63 (2), 629-634 (1997).
MODULATED POLYERIC GRAGTING ARRAY
Technical Field This invention relates to electro-optic demultiplexing devices for reconfigurable wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) lightwave systems in fiber-optic communication.
Background of the Invention The WDM lightwave system is the optical communication in the wavelength multiplex mode. This novel approach allows modulated radiation from several light sources of clearly distinct wavelengths to be transmitted simultaneously over a single fiber and is one most promising approach to improve the number of communication channels and capacity in the fiber-optic communication. The use of this novel approach WDM
has the potential of improving the performance of the fourth generation lightwave systems by a factor of more than 1000. The commercialization of high-capacity WDM lightwave systems requires the high performance channel multiplexers and demultiplexers with add-drop capacity.
Recently, research on the devices and techniques for high capacity WDM systems or dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems having effective network restoration capability, i.e., reconfigurable WDM systems has received much more attention. Most of currently available demultiplexers are passive devices, so they can not satisfy the requirements of the reconfigurable WDM systems. In future high-capacity WDM systems or DWDM systems, the routing of optical signals will be performed in optical cross-connects (OXCs). The functions and applicability of the WDM
systems will be extended by the reconfigurable structures.
The reconfigurable WDM networks would facilitate transport of large bandwidths.
The switching nodes in this kind of WDM networks could be directly connected to each other without electronic processing. This relaxes the capacity requirements of electronic switching systems when all the links can be by passed all optically. A dynamic reconfigurable WDM network layer could be set up such direct links. This could be used to adapt the network to any structural changes in traffic load.
So far, there has not been much work focusing on developing new types of demultiplexing devices for the dynamic reconfigurable WDM systems.
Summary of the Invention A new optical interconnect architecture using multiple electro-optically modulated polymeric gratings in conjunction with substrate guided waves is proposed.
These electro-optically modulated polymeric gratings are designed to have different coupling wavelengths and fabricated on a high-index substrate. When a chosen grating spot is activated by an appropriate modulation effect, the modulated polymeric grating is formed and then it +couples an optical beam having the expected wavelength out from the substrate guided waves. Namely, different grating spots can be used to couple different wavelength beams from the substrate guided waves. Therefore, the electro-optically programmable optical interconnect devices according to the present invention can be used as demultiplexers to implement the reconfigurable WDM lightwave systems for fiber-optic communication.
In accordance with the present invention, the structure of the gratings must meet two conditions. One condition is the total internal reflection (TIR) for optical beam bouncing within the substrate when no modulation effect is not applied onto the gratings. The other condition is the matching condition among all the momentums at the expected wavelength for grating coupling when the modulation effect is applied onto the grating.
Theoretical study shows that a perfect matching with the structures according to the present invention can not always be implemented, so the compensation for the mismatch existing in the structures is needed to be made by some special design. The better design of a grating structure directly impacts coupling efficiency of the grating and the bandwidth of the coupled beam at the expected wavelength.
Brief Description of the Drawi FIG.1 is the configuration of the programmable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polymeric grating array in conjunction with substrate guided waves.
FIG.2 is the amplified structure of one electro-optically modulated polymeric grating fabricated on the substrate of FIG.1.
Detailed Description As shown in FIG.1, the demultiplexer is composed of a high-index substrate, an electro-optic ploymer layer 22, multiple modulating gratings: G, , Gz ,..., G"
. As shown in FIG.2, each of the gratings ( G, , G, ,..., G" ) has the same structure of three layers. They are an electro-optic ploymer layer 22, a lower electrode 24, and an upper electrode 26.
In principle, when an optical beam is coupled into the substrate 20, a bouncing beam is formed if no grating is activated. If an appropriate moc:alation effect is applied onto the grating electrode G; , a modulated grating is formated at G; and an optical beam having the expected wavelength ~.; is coupled out from the bouncing waves. Therefore, totally there are two conditions to support two operations. The first condition is the TIR at any grating spot to form the bouncing beam within the substrate if no modulation effect is applied onto this device. The second condition is the momentum matching for coupling an optical beam having the expected wavelength with a high efficiency. When the second condition is met to perform the second operation, the first condition, i.e., the TIR
condition is broken. If the second condition, i.e., the momentum matching, can not be completely met in this structure, a compensation for the mismatch of the momentums need to be made to improve the coupling efficiency of the electro-optically modulated polymeric grating. For more detailed information about the compensation for the mismatch of the momentums, see Applied Optics 63 (2), 629-634 (1997).
Claims (3)
1. An programmable demultiplexing device comprising:
a substrate for guiding bouncing waves;
an electro-optically modulated polymeric grating array;
a polymeric layer, an upper grating modulating electrode and a lower modulating electrode in each grating spot.
a substrate for guiding bouncing waves;
an electro-optically modulated polymeric grating array;
a polymeric layer, an upper grating modulating electrode and a lower modulating electrode in each grating spot.
2. As an electro-optically modulated device, both the transparent lower electrodes 24 and the upper grating electrodes 26 are needed. The transparent lower electrodes can be ITO
material. The modulated layer 22 is only an electro-optic ploymer and the poling process for the polymer is needed.
material. The modulated layer 22 is only an electro-optic ploymer and the poling process for the polymer is needed.
3. Based on claim 1, the modulated gratings according to the present invention can also be thermo-optically modulated. In this case, the modulated layer 22 can be either a polymer or a polyimide and the poling process is not needed. The transparent lower electrodes for all the gratings are unnecessary and can be removed. The modulation effect can be applied from the two ends of the upper electrodes. Therefore, the fabrication for the thermo-optic devices is easier than that for the electro-optic devices according to the present invention.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2264324 CA2264324A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 1999-03-03 | Progammable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polyeric gragting array |
| CA 2299873 CA2299873A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-03-01 | Programmable demultiplexer using electro-optially modulated polymeric grating array |
| PCT/CA2000/000211 WO2000052519A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-03-01 | Programmable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polymeric grating array |
| AU28989/00A AU2898900A (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-03-01 | Programmable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polymeric grating array |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2264324 CA2264324A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 1999-03-03 | Progammable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polyeric gragting array |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2264324A1 true CA2264324A1 (en) | 2000-09-03 |
Family
ID=4163351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2264324 Abandoned CA2264324A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 1999-03-03 | Progammable demultiplexer using electro-optically modulated polyeric gragting array |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2898900A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2264324A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000052519A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110119040A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-13 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Optical fiber based on electrocaloric effect modulates chip |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10392348T5 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2005-03-03 | Rosemount Inc., Eden Prairie | Optical switch with 3D waveguides |
| DE10246547B4 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2008-05-15 | Finisar Corp., Sunnyvale | Refractive index gratings and mode couplers with a refractive index grating |
| KR101672586B1 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-11-04 | 한국과학기술원 | Optical grating coupler having wavelength tunable structures |
| CN115236804B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2023-11-03 | 北京摩尔芯光半导体技术有限公司 | Optical switch array and switching method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5371817A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-12-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Multichannel optical waveguide page scanner with individually addressable electro-optic modulators |
| US5581642A (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-12-03 | Deacon Research | Optical frequency channel selection filter with electronically-controlled grating structures |
| EP1023621A4 (en) * | 1997-08-13 | 2001-08-08 | Foster Miller Inc | Switchable optical components |
| AU2972799A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 1999-09-06 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Tunable optical add/drop multiplexer |
-
1999
- 1999-03-03 CA CA 2264324 patent/CA2264324A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2000
- 2000-03-01 AU AU28989/00A patent/AU2898900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-01 WO PCT/CA2000/000211 patent/WO2000052519A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110119040A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-13 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Optical fiber based on electrocaloric effect modulates chip |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000052519A1 (en) | 2000-09-08 |
| AU2898900A (en) | 2000-09-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |