CA2263915A1 - Cleaning formulation for fabricated yarn products - Google Patents
Cleaning formulation for fabricated yarn products Download PDFInfo
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- CA2263915A1 CA2263915A1 CA002263915A CA2263915A CA2263915A1 CA 2263915 A1 CA2263915 A1 CA 2263915A1 CA 002263915 A CA002263915 A CA 002263915A CA 2263915 A CA2263915 A CA 2263915A CA 2263915 A1 CA2263915 A1 CA 2263915A1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/004—Surface-active compounds containing F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/004—Surface-active compounds containing F
- C11D1/006—Surface-active compounds containing fluorine and phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Abstract
A cleaning formulation for a fabricated yarn product such as a carpet comprises: a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent; an anionic surfactant; a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen; and a fluorosurfactant. A fluorochemical soil resist agent may be optionally included. The cleaning formulation may be made in dilute or concentrate form.
Description
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCT~US97/17583 TITLE
CLEANING FORMULATION FOR FABRICATED YARN PRO~u~lS
Bach~ o~,d of the Invention Field of the Invention This invention relates to a cleaning formulation particularly useful in the cleaning of a fabricated yarn product (such as used in upholstery, drapery, textiles, rugs or carpets) using any cleaning method that which leaves at least part or all of the cleaning formulation on the fabricated yarn product being cleaned.
Descri~tion of the Prior Art The cleaning formulation of the present invention is herein described in terms of the cleaning of "carpet", although, as noted above, it has applicability to the cleaning of any fabricated yarn product.
The removal of soil from carpet, especially carpet located in high traffic areas, is a recurring maintenance problem. Unless a deep cleaning procedure, such as hot water extraction, is used, complete removal of soil from the carpet is not accomplished. However, deep cleaning procedures are expensive and time consuming. Instead it is common practice to utilize other cleaning procedures, such as bonnet cleaning, as an interim maintenance procedure to clean carpet between the performance of deeper cleaning processes.
Bonnet cleaning is a process wherein a cleaning formulation is first applied to a carpet and then the carpet is brushed or buffed with an absorbent pad rotated on the carpet using a rotary floor machine.
~ In bonnet cleaning both soil and cleaning formulation are partially absorbed by the pad. The carpet is left dryer than when cleaned using a deeper cleaning CA 022639l~ l999-02-23 procedure, such as hot water extraction. However, the bonnet cleaning process usually does not clean as thoroughly as hot water extraction. Although the surface of a bonnet cleaned carpet appears clean, most S of the soil is still left in the carpet. Moreover, since bonnet cleaning does not include a rinsing step, a significant level of residue from the cleaning formulation is left on the carpet. Cleaning formulation residue actually attracts dirt so that a cleaned carpet may resoil much faster than a new carpet. Quite frequently the carpet will appear clean after the interim procedure, but resoiling will occur rapidly, often significantly more rapidly than with carpet cleaned by hot water extraction.
In view of the foregoing it is believed to be advantageous to provide a cleaning formulation that permits an interim cleaning method, such as bonnet cleaning, to approach the degree of cleaning possible with a deeper cleaning procedure, such as hot water extraction cleaning. Moreover, it is believed to be of further advantage to provide a cleaning formulation which not only cleans better than current formulations and processes, but also which make the carpet fibers soil-resistant so that resoiling of the cleaned carpet is not promoted.
Summary of the Invention The present invention is directed to an aqueous cleaning formulation comprising:
a) about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams, and more preferably about ten (~0) to about sixty (60) grams, of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent, per gallon of cleaning formulation;
b) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams, and more preferably, about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams, of an anionic surfactant, per gallon of cleaning formulation;
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCT~US97tl7583 c) about three ~3) to about fifty (50) grams, and more preferably, about five (5) to about twenty-five (25) grams, of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile 5 balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15), per gallon of cleaning formulation, and d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams, and more preferably about one (1) to about five (5) grams, of fluorosurfactant, per gallon of cleaning formulation.
A suitable anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate. A suitable fluorosurfactant may be a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of Formula I, compounds of Formula II, or mixtures thereof, where Formula I and Formula II are:
F(CF2)n-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-COOLi 0_ I
CF3CF2(CF2CF2)m-CH2cH2-O-P=o II
I
wherein n is an integer having a value of six (6) to twelve (12), and m is an integer having a value of two (2) to five (5).
The cleaning formulation of the present invention may optionally further comprise about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams, and more preferably about five (5) to about seventy (70) grams, of a soil resist agent, per gallon of cleaning formulation. A
suitable soil resist agent is a fluorochemical.
~ In another aspect the invention may be implemented in a concentrate form for making an aqueous CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/188g2 PCTAUS97/17583 cleaning formulation having the concentration ranges as set forth above.
Brief Description of the Drawinqs Figure 1 is a representation of the performance of carpet sections cleaned using different cleaning formulations as described in the field trial test of Example 5.
Detailed DescriPtion of the Invention This invention is directed to a cleaning formu7ation which, although described herein terms of the cleaning of "carpet", has applicability to the cleaning of any fabricated yarn product as used in upholstery, drapery, textiles, rugs or carpets.
The cleaning formulation when used in a cleaning process improves the cleaning efficiency of the process and does not promote resoiling or restaining of the cleaned carpet. By "resoiling~ it is meant the tendency of a cleaned carpet to attract dirt because of shampoo residue left on the carpet after cleaning. Similarly "restaining" is the tendency of a cleaned carpet to attract stains which may be caused in part because of shampoo residue on the carpet.
The cleaning formulation of the present invention may be made in either a dilute or concentrate form. The cleaning formulation of the present invention contains no glycol, alcohol or other organic solvents normally found in cleaning solutions. The use of these solvents leads to accelerated soiling caused by the residue remaining after cleaning with solutions.
The aqueous cleaning formulation of this invention comprises:
a) a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent;
b) an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant;
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98118892 PCT~US97/17583 c) a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance ("HLB") in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15~, and d) a fluorosurfactant.
Stain resist- aaent By "stain resist agent" it is meant chemicals which impart partial or total resistance to staining. Staining is here defined as the color change of a fabricated yarn product that exhibits resistance to removal by standard cleaning methods. Stain resist agents may include compounds such as hydrolyzed maleic anhydride co- or terpolymers with aliphatic alpha olefins, aromatic olefins or vinyl ethers, and homo- or copolymers of methacrylic acid.
Suitable for use as the styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent is the agent sold by E. I.
du Pont de Nemours and Company,("DuPont"), Wilmington, Delaware, under the-trademark ZEL~N~ 338.
Anionic surfactant Preferred for use as the anionic surfactant is an aqueous solution of sodium lauryl sulfate, such as DUPONOL WAQE, (Witco Chemical Co., Baltimore, MD.) Many other anionic surfactants may also be used.
Nonionic surfactant Preferred for use as the nonionic surfactant is the mixed alkyl ethoxylate (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant MERPOL SH (DuPont Co., Wilmington, DE).
The choice of nonionic surfactant is critical to the efficacy of the cleaning formulation. Nonionic surfactants having hydrophile lipophile balance ~I'HLB'') values outside of the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen ~15) either do not clean as well as those having HLB values within that range or their residues ~ left on the carpet attract dirt (worsen resoiling) more than nonionic surfactants having HLB values within that range.
Fluorosurfactant Suitable fluorosurfactants include, but are not limited to, for example, those .
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 compounds commercially available from DuPont and 3M.
Mixtures of fluorosurfactants may also be used. A
fluorosurfactant compound of Formula I or Formula II, or suitable mixtures thereof, may be used. Formula I is:
F(CF2)n-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-COOLi wherein n is an integer having a value of 6 to 12 and may be identified as an a-{2-[(2-carboxyethyl)thio]ethyl}-Q-fluoro-poly-(difluoromethylene) lithium salt, and Formula II is a ammonium salt of a perfluoroalkyl phosphate as represented by the general formula:
O-I
CF3CF2(CF2CF2)m-cH2cH2-O-P=o II
I
wherein m is an integer having a value of 2 to 5. The weight ratio of Formula I to the perfluoroalkyl phosphate of Formula II in the mixture is in the range of from about 1:1 to about 1:2, and the amount of the mixture employed in the composition is from about 0.025%
to about 0.17% by weight, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 0.15% by weight, most preferably about 0.1% by weight, where the percentages expressed are percent active ingredient. The compound of Formula I is available as ZONYL FSA, compound of Formula II is available as ZONYL~ FSP, and a mixture compound is available as ZONYL 7950, all from DuPont.
Other suitable fluorosurfactants include the compounds of Formula III and IV, wherein Formula III is:
F(cF2cF2)p-cH2cH2-o-(cH2cH2)y-oH III
wherein p is an integer having a value of 3 to 6, and wherein Formula IV is:
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 F(CF2CF2)q-CH2CH2-O-(CH2CH2)x-OH IV
wherein q is an integer having a value of 3 to 6, y is an integer having a value of less than 20, and x is an integer having a value of less than y.
The compound of Formula III is available from DuPont as ZONYL ~SN and the compound of Formula IV is available from DuPont as ZONYL FSO. Fluorosurfactants available from 3M may also be used, including but not limited to FLORAD products designated as FC-93, FC-100, FC-120, FC-129 and FC-117.
Fluorochemical soil resist By "fluorochemical soil resist" is meant a composition which resists or repels dirt, oil, or other substances not normally intended to be present on a su~strate such as a fabricated yarn product. Fluorochemical soil resist agents may include polymers or compounds having pendent or end groups of perfluoroalkyl moieties, fluorosurfactants, or fluoro-intermediates. Suitable fluorochemical soil resist agents are available from many suppliers including 3M and DuPont, for example, ZONYL 5180 (available from DuPont).
Depending on the actual ingredients used in the cleaning formulation, the useful concentrations of each ingredient will vary. One skilled in the art could rapidly determine both the useful concentration range and optimum concentration for each ingredient used in the cleaning formulations of this invention.
One preferred formulation comprises: (a) about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams of styrene maleic anhydride polymer per gallon of cleaning formulation;
(b~ about three (3) to about fifty (50~ grams aqueous solution of sodium lauryl sulfate per gallon of cleaning formulation; (c) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance ("HLB") in the range of about 10.5 to about CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 WO98/18892 PCT~S97/17583 fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation; and (d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of a fluorosurfactant mixture per gallon of cleaning formulation.
In a more preferred instance the concentration of styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist is about ten (10) to about sixty (60) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation; the concentration of anionic surfactant is about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation; the concentration of mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant is about five (5) to about twenty-five (25) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation; and the concentration of fluorosurfactant is about one (1) to about five (5) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation.
The cleaning formulation may optionally further include about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams, and more preferably about five (1) to about seventy (70) grams, of a fluorochemical soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
It is to be noted that amounts of ingredients expressed in this application (including the claims) in terms of "grams" "per gallon of cleaning formulation"
are to be understood as referring to the weight in grams of a given active ingredient per gallon of cleaning formulation.
Concentrate Oftentimes it is convenient to dilute a concentrate to achieve these cleaning solution formulations. The invention should be construed to encompass a concentrate suitable for making an aqueous cleaning formulation, the concentrate comprising: (a) styrene maleic anhydride polymer; (b) an anionic surfactant; (c) mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant; (d) a fluorosurfactant; and, optionally,(e) fluorochemical soil resist agent, whereby the concentrate is capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having concentrations CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 expressed as grams of active ingredient per gallon of solution of (a) about three ~3) to about seventy (70) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation; (b) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation; (c) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation; (d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation;
and ~e) (if used) about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams of soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
In a more preferred instance the cleaning concentrate is also capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having a concentration of about ten (3) to sixty (60) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation, about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams of anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, five (5) to twenty-five (25) grams of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, about five (5) to about seventy (70) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation; and (e) (if used) about five ~5) to about seventy (70) grams of soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
Other inqredients As an optional ingredient, citric acid can be used to stabilize these formulations. Other chemical agents, such as fragrances, softeners, buffers, foaming agents and brightners may be added to the composition to obtain special effects on the cleaned carpet fiber.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 Methods of application It is to be understood that the cleaning formulation of the present invention is not limited to use in the bonnet cleaning method, but is applicable to any method that involves the application of a cleaning formulation to a fabricated yarn product either before or during the application of some form of mechanical action which allows agitation of the cleaning formulation onto and into the fibers of the carpet, optionally followed by partial removal of the cleaning formulation. Such common cleaning methods include, but are not limited to, hot water extraction, rotary brush cleaning, bonnet, and rotary dry foam cleaning. The cleaning formulation can be applied in any convenient manner, such as foaming, rolling or spraying, using a pad, brush or any other convenient appliance.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCT~US97/17583 TEST hhl~S
MEAS ~ ~M~ ~ OF COLOR DIFFERENCE (~E) A Minolta CR-100 Chroma Meter was used to measure ~E of the carpets both before and after cleaning. ~E is a measure of cleanliness since dirty carpets appear dark and they lighten on cleaning. The standards used for calculating ~E were measured on new, unused carpet samples or dirty, used carpet samples, depending on which the Example uses as the starting point, i.e., whether the Example is looking at cleaning or resoiling performance. See each Example for which standard was used for that example. ~E must always be interpreted relative to the standard or starting point.
Color readings were taken at three different areas on the carpet sample and the average ~E was reported. In measuring the ~E, the standard values to be used for calculating ~E of either new, unused carpet samples or dirty, used carpet samples are first measured, and this value is stored in the memory of the Chroma Meter. The value of the carpet after soiling or cleaning is then measured by the Chroma Meter, and the ~E is calculated therefrom. ~E color deviation represents the total color difference. When using new carpet as the standard, a lower ~E value is desirable, meaning the carpet resisted resoiling better than a carpet with a higher ~E value. When using dirty carpet as the standard, a higher ~E is desirable, indicating that the carpet became lighter and thus cleaner than a carpet sample with a lower ~E which had the same initial color value before cleaning.
.......... . . ..
CA 022639l~ l999-02-23 W O98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 EX~MPLES
Ex ~ ~les l-4 These Examples demonstrate the cleaning and resoil characteristics of the cleaning formulations of this invention. A light gray nylon 6 loop pile 1/lO
gauge, 26 oz. carpet sample was used. The carpet was heavily soiled carpet which had been removed from commercial use. Results are in Table I.
Cleaninq Efficiency - The machine used to simulate the bonnet machine was a commercially available apparatus fitted with 6 inch circular polyester bonnet pads. The apparatus was controlled by a variable speed switch so that the pad rotated at about 300 rpm.
Pressure was applied to the pad in such a way that the motor of the drill did not significantly slow.
The cleaning procedure was to:
a) Pre-vacuum the dirty carpet thoroughly to remove loose soil;
b) Measure the standard, or starting point value, with the Chroma Meter;
c) Spray about 5 grams of the cleaning formulation on the carpet section to be tested. The section was approximately 6 inches wide by 12 inches long;
d) Spray the bonnet pad with 1 gram cleaning solution;
e) Run the hand bonnet machine over the piece of carpet for 10 seconds moving the pad back and forth across the treated area;
f) Let the carpet dry and measure the ~E
value relative to the standard measured in step (b).
The ~E for the dirty vs. the clean carpet was a measure of the cleaning ability of the formulation.
Again, when determining cleaning performance, higher ~E's are desirable.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17~83 Resoil Resistance - The ability of a cleaned carpet to resist resoiling was determined by an accelerated soiling test wherein a cleaned carpet was exposed to a controlled amount of soil for a specified time, vacuumed to remove loose soil and the ~E
measured. The reference standard used for ~E
calculation was the cleaned carpet prior to soiling.
When determining resoil resistance, lower ~E's are desirable.
The equipment used in the resoil test includes a ball mill having a drum 10.5 inches deep, 40 inches in circumference and dirty polymer pellets (used to introduce a controlled amount of soil). The dirty polymer pellets were prepared by adding 3g of synthetic soil to 1000g of nylon polymer pellets and mixing in the ball mill for 10 minutes at 30 rpm. The synthetic soil was prepare according to AATCC Test Method 123-1989 and contained ~percentages are by weight): 38~
dark peat moss, 17~ portland cement, 17~ kaolin clay, 17~ silica (200 mesh), 1.75~ carbon black (furnace or lamp black), 0.5~ red iron oxide and 8.75~ mineral oil (medicinal grade).
Carpets were soiled by mounting them in the clean drum, taping with double-sided tape at the seams.
500g of soiled polymer pellets were then added along with cylindrical grinding stones (12 x 67.5g stones and 200 4.5g stones). The mill was run at 30 rpm for 30 minutes. Carpets were removed, vacuumed to remove loose dirt and the ~E measured relative to the reference standard as measured, above.
The following concentrations were used:
WEIGHT PERCENT
ACTIVE INGREDIENT
styrene maleic anhydride ZELAN 338 40 35 anionic surfactant DUPONOL WAQE 40 nonionic surfactant MERPOL S~ 50 fluorosurfactant ZONYL~ 79 50 40 soil resist agent ZONYL 5180 18 CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 Note: The weights (*) given in Table I are in grams of solution per gram of cleaning formulation. To obtain the grams of active ingredient per gram of cleaning formulation, multiply the appropriate weight percent of each active ingredient by the weight listed in Table ~.
TABLE I
EXAMPLE CLEANING FORMULATION~ ~E CLEANING ~E RESOIL
1 28.4 G/GAL ZELAN 338 2.51 6.91 28.4 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
11.8 G/GAL MERPOL SH
7.1 G/GAL ZONYL 79 50 2 84.1 G/GAL ZELAN 338 0.67 16.8 42.0 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
63.1 G/GAL MERPOL SH
21.0 G/GAL ZONYL 7950 3 28.4 G/GAL ZELAN 338 3.01 4.92 28.4 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
11.8 G/GAL MERPOL SH
7.1 G/GAL ZONYL 7950 108.8 G/GAL ZONYL 5180 4 25.2 G/GAL ZELAN 338 3.11 9.98 12.6 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
31.5 G/GAL MERPOL SH
6.3 G/GAL ZONYL 7950 109.3 G/GAL ZONYL 5180 All the test formulations cleaned satisfactorily. For resoiling, the lower the ~E, the better. Formulation No. 3 had the best overall performance, based on cleaning and resoil resistance.
Examples 3 and 4 demonstrate the effect of ZONYL~ 5180 which appears to improve both cleaning efficiency and resoil resistance.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18X92 PCT~US97/17583 ExamPle 5 This Example demonstrates under real field conditions the ability of the cleaning formulations of the present invention to clean the carpet and to prevent resoiling.
The equipment used was a standard bonnet cleaner with polyester pads. The cleaning formulations being tested were sprayed onto the carpet using a hand sprayer and ten (10) grams solution was applied to each square foot of carpet.
To determine the best commercial carpet cleaning formulation, seven commercial products were evaluated by cleaning a dirty carpet sample with each product and measuring the ~E after allowing the carpet to dry. The best cleaning product was determined to be the one with the highest ~E. This will be designated hereafter as formulation "BC" (i. e., "best commercial").
The carpet used was 1/10 gauge, 29 oz. loop pile carpet made using smoke beige Lumena~ nylon 6,6 face fiber. The standard used to calculate ~E on the Chroma Meter was new, unused carpet. The carpet was left in a high traffic corridor for 28 days, and exposed to approximately 4000 traffics/day. Each traffic represents one person walking across the carpet. The carpet was divided into three sections which experienced equivalent traffic. All three sections were vacuumed well each night.
The "CONTROL" section was never cleaned. The "COMPARISON" section was cleaned as needed with cleaning formulation BC, determined as described above to be the best commercially available interim carpet cleaner. The ''EXAMPLE'I section was cleaned as needed with the cleaning formulation according to the present invention. The carpet of the COMPARISON section and the EXAMPLE section were first cleaned when ~E exceeded 1.5 units, based on clean carpet as the standard. Upon resoiling, if the change in ~E exceeded about 1 to 1.5 units above the previously cleaned ~E value, it was CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCT~US97/17583 deemed that cleaning was needed and the carpet cleaned again. The formulation according to the invention which was used, expressed in grams of active ingredient per gallon of cleaning solution, comprised: (a) 11 grams ZELAN 338 (available from DuPont); (b) 14 grams DUPONOL WAQE (available from Witco Chemical Co.);
(c) 12 grams MERPOL SH (available from DuPont); (d) 3 grams fluorosurfactant; and (e) 42 grams ZONYL 5180 soil resist agent (available from DuPont).
TABLE II
DAY CONTROL EXAMPLE COMPARISON
0.3 0.56 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.1 2.0 1.5 2.5 1.1 3.0 1.4 3.2 0.5 0.8 3.5 1.4 0.3 2.0 4.0 1.6 0.3 2.1 4.4 1.65 0.4 1.7 5.0 1.7 0.4 1.9 5.2 0.4 1.06 5.6 1.7 0.6 2.6 6.4 1.4 0.5 3.5 8.5 1.8 0.75 2.6 9-0 1.6 9.4 2.0 0.6 2.5 9.6 2.0 0.55 2.26 10.0 2.25 0.7 2.8 11.0 2.44 0.7 2.9 14 2.5 0.7 3.6 14 2.7 2.6 0.8 3.8 21.1 3.0 1.1 3.5 CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 WO98/18892 ~CT~S97/17583 The results of this field trial are listed in Table II above and are graphically represented in Figure l.
Figure l represents the results of the field trial. The diamond symbols on the Figure represent ~E
measured for the "CONTROL" section, the square symbols represent the "COMPARISON" section (cleaned as needed with cleaning formulation BC), while the diamond symbols represent the "EXAMPLE" section cleaned with the cleaning formulation according to the invention.
Amazingly, the carpet sample of the EXAMPLE
section did not require cleaning for twenty-one days following the date of "First Cleaning" with the formulation of the invention. The COMPARISON section was cleaned three times in that interval.
The resoiling of the carpet sections was also markedly impacted. Following cleaning with Formulation BC the COMPARISON section of the carpet appeared to soil more rapidly than the CONTROL carpet section (which was not cleaned but only vacuumed routinely). The rate of resoiling is proportional to the slope of the curves in Figure l. The CONTROL and COMPARISON sections soiled or resoiled, respectively, rapidly (as indicated by the relative steepness of the slopes of the curves in the regions "A" and "B" of Figure l) as compared to the rate of resoiling of the EXAMPLE section with respect to the slope of the curve (marked by the reference character "C" in Figure l).
Moreever, following cleaning with the formulation of the invention the EXAMPLE carpet section did not appear to resoil at all, as evidenced by the relatively flat slope of the curve over the entire duration of the test period, as indicated by the character C' in Figure l.
Further, as indicated by the character C" in Figure l, initially the EXAMPLE section even appeared to get cleaner after subsequent vacuuming.
. . .
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 In one specific instance, after a water spill, a dirty spot was observed to develop on the EXAMPLE
section after having been cleaned with the formulation of the invention. After about a day, when the carpet had dried, the spot disappeared with routine vacuuming without any further cleaning. It is thought that the formulation of the invention which remained on the carpet after cleaning dried and encapsulated the dirt which was then more easily removed by vacuuming.
CLEANING FORMULATION FOR FABRICATED YARN PRO~u~lS
Bach~ o~,d of the Invention Field of the Invention This invention relates to a cleaning formulation particularly useful in the cleaning of a fabricated yarn product (such as used in upholstery, drapery, textiles, rugs or carpets) using any cleaning method that which leaves at least part or all of the cleaning formulation on the fabricated yarn product being cleaned.
Descri~tion of the Prior Art The cleaning formulation of the present invention is herein described in terms of the cleaning of "carpet", although, as noted above, it has applicability to the cleaning of any fabricated yarn product.
The removal of soil from carpet, especially carpet located in high traffic areas, is a recurring maintenance problem. Unless a deep cleaning procedure, such as hot water extraction, is used, complete removal of soil from the carpet is not accomplished. However, deep cleaning procedures are expensive and time consuming. Instead it is common practice to utilize other cleaning procedures, such as bonnet cleaning, as an interim maintenance procedure to clean carpet between the performance of deeper cleaning processes.
Bonnet cleaning is a process wherein a cleaning formulation is first applied to a carpet and then the carpet is brushed or buffed with an absorbent pad rotated on the carpet using a rotary floor machine.
~ In bonnet cleaning both soil and cleaning formulation are partially absorbed by the pad. The carpet is left dryer than when cleaned using a deeper cleaning CA 022639l~ l999-02-23 procedure, such as hot water extraction. However, the bonnet cleaning process usually does not clean as thoroughly as hot water extraction. Although the surface of a bonnet cleaned carpet appears clean, most S of the soil is still left in the carpet. Moreover, since bonnet cleaning does not include a rinsing step, a significant level of residue from the cleaning formulation is left on the carpet. Cleaning formulation residue actually attracts dirt so that a cleaned carpet may resoil much faster than a new carpet. Quite frequently the carpet will appear clean after the interim procedure, but resoiling will occur rapidly, often significantly more rapidly than with carpet cleaned by hot water extraction.
In view of the foregoing it is believed to be advantageous to provide a cleaning formulation that permits an interim cleaning method, such as bonnet cleaning, to approach the degree of cleaning possible with a deeper cleaning procedure, such as hot water extraction cleaning. Moreover, it is believed to be of further advantage to provide a cleaning formulation which not only cleans better than current formulations and processes, but also which make the carpet fibers soil-resistant so that resoiling of the cleaned carpet is not promoted.
Summary of the Invention The present invention is directed to an aqueous cleaning formulation comprising:
a) about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams, and more preferably about ten (~0) to about sixty (60) grams, of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent, per gallon of cleaning formulation;
b) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams, and more preferably, about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams, of an anionic surfactant, per gallon of cleaning formulation;
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCT~US97tl7583 c) about three ~3) to about fifty (50) grams, and more preferably, about five (5) to about twenty-five (25) grams, of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile 5 balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15), per gallon of cleaning formulation, and d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams, and more preferably about one (1) to about five (5) grams, of fluorosurfactant, per gallon of cleaning formulation.
A suitable anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate. A suitable fluorosurfactant may be a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of Formula I, compounds of Formula II, or mixtures thereof, where Formula I and Formula II are:
F(CF2)n-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-COOLi 0_ I
CF3CF2(CF2CF2)m-CH2cH2-O-P=o II
I
wherein n is an integer having a value of six (6) to twelve (12), and m is an integer having a value of two (2) to five (5).
The cleaning formulation of the present invention may optionally further comprise about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams, and more preferably about five (5) to about seventy (70) grams, of a soil resist agent, per gallon of cleaning formulation. A
suitable soil resist agent is a fluorochemical.
~ In another aspect the invention may be implemented in a concentrate form for making an aqueous CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/188g2 PCTAUS97/17583 cleaning formulation having the concentration ranges as set forth above.
Brief Description of the Drawinqs Figure 1 is a representation of the performance of carpet sections cleaned using different cleaning formulations as described in the field trial test of Example 5.
Detailed DescriPtion of the Invention This invention is directed to a cleaning formu7ation which, although described herein terms of the cleaning of "carpet", has applicability to the cleaning of any fabricated yarn product as used in upholstery, drapery, textiles, rugs or carpets.
The cleaning formulation when used in a cleaning process improves the cleaning efficiency of the process and does not promote resoiling or restaining of the cleaned carpet. By "resoiling~ it is meant the tendency of a cleaned carpet to attract dirt because of shampoo residue left on the carpet after cleaning. Similarly "restaining" is the tendency of a cleaned carpet to attract stains which may be caused in part because of shampoo residue on the carpet.
The cleaning formulation of the present invention may be made in either a dilute or concentrate form. The cleaning formulation of the present invention contains no glycol, alcohol or other organic solvents normally found in cleaning solutions. The use of these solvents leads to accelerated soiling caused by the residue remaining after cleaning with solutions.
The aqueous cleaning formulation of this invention comprises:
a) a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent;
b) an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant;
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98118892 PCT~US97/17583 c) a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance ("HLB") in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15~, and d) a fluorosurfactant.
Stain resist- aaent By "stain resist agent" it is meant chemicals which impart partial or total resistance to staining. Staining is here defined as the color change of a fabricated yarn product that exhibits resistance to removal by standard cleaning methods. Stain resist agents may include compounds such as hydrolyzed maleic anhydride co- or terpolymers with aliphatic alpha olefins, aromatic olefins or vinyl ethers, and homo- or copolymers of methacrylic acid.
Suitable for use as the styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent is the agent sold by E. I.
du Pont de Nemours and Company,("DuPont"), Wilmington, Delaware, under the-trademark ZEL~N~ 338.
Anionic surfactant Preferred for use as the anionic surfactant is an aqueous solution of sodium lauryl sulfate, such as DUPONOL WAQE, (Witco Chemical Co., Baltimore, MD.) Many other anionic surfactants may also be used.
Nonionic surfactant Preferred for use as the nonionic surfactant is the mixed alkyl ethoxylate (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant MERPOL SH (DuPont Co., Wilmington, DE).
The choice of nonionic surfactant is critical to the efficacy of the cleaning formulation. Nonionic surfactants having hydrophile lipophile balance ~I'HLB'') values outside of the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen ~15) either do not clean as well as those having HLB values within that range or their residues ~ left on the carpet attract dirt (worsen resoiling) more than nonionic surfactants having HLB values within that range.
Fluorosurfactant Suitable fluorosurfactants include, but are not limited to, for example, those .
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 compounds commercially available from DuPont and 3M.
Mixtures of fluorosurfactants may also be used. A
fluorosurfactant compound of Formula I or Formula II, or suitable mixtures thereof, may be used. Formula I is:
F(CF2)n-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-COOLi wherein n is an integer having a value of 6 to 12 and may be identified as an a-{2-[(2-carboxyethyl)thio]ethyl}-Q-fluoro-poly-(difluoromethylene) lithium salt, and Formula II is a ammonium salt of a perfluoroalkyl phosphate as represented by the general formula:
O-I
CF3CF2(CF2CF2)m-cH2cH2-O-P=o II
I
wherein m is an integer having a value of 2 to 5. The weight ratio of Formula I to the perfluoroalkyl phosphate of Formula II in the mixture is in the range of from about 1:1 to about 1:2, and the amount of the mixture employed in the composition is from about 0.025%
to about 0.17% by weight, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 0.15% by weight, most preferably about 0.1% by weight, where the percentages expressed are percent active ingredient. The compound of Formula I is available as ZONYL FSA, compound of Formula II is available as ZONYL~ FSP, and a mixture compound is available as ZONYL 7950, all from DuPont.
Other suitable fluorosurfactants include the compounds of Formula III and IV, wherein Formula III is:
F(cF2cF2)p-cH2cH2-o-(cH2cH2)y-oH III
wherein p is an integer having a value of 3 to 6, and wherein Formula IV is:
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 F(CF2CF2)q-CH2CH2-O-(CH2CH2)x-OH IV
wherein q is an integer having a value of 3 to 6, y is an integer having a value of less than 20, and x is an integer having a value of less than y.
The compound of Formula III is available from DuPont as ZONYL ~SN and the compound of Formula IV is available from DuPont as ZONYL FSO. Fluorosurfactants available from 3M may also be used, including but not limited to FLORAD products designated as FC-93, FC-100, FC-120, FC-129 and FC-117.
Fluorochemical soil resist By "fluorochemical soil resist" is meant a composition which resists or repels dirt, oil, or other substances not normally intended to be present on a su~strate such as a fabricated yarn product. Fluorochemical soil resist agents may include polymers or compounds having pendent or end groups of perfluoroalkyl moieties, fluorosurfactants, or fluoro-intermediates. Suitable fluorochemical soil resist agents are available from many suppliers including 3M and DuPont, for example, ZONYL 5180 (available from DuPont).
Depending on the actual ingredients used in the cleaning formulation, the useful concentrations of each ingredient will vary. One skilled in the art could rapidly determine both the useful concentration range and optimum concentration for each ingredient used in the cleaning formulations of this invention.
One preferred formulation comprises: (a) about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams of styrene maleic anhydride polymer per gallon of cleaning formulation;
(b~ about three (3) to about fifty (50~ grams aqueous solution of sodium lauryl sulfate per gallon of cleaning formulation; (c) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance ("HLB") in the range of about 10.5 to about CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 WO98/18892 PCT~S97/17583 fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation; and (d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of a fluorosurfactant mixture per gallon of cleaning formulation.
In a more preferred instance the concentration of styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist is about ten (10) to about sixty (60) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation; the concentration of anionic surfactant is about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation; the concentration of mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant is about five (5) to about twenty-five (25) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation; and the concentration of fluorosurfactant is about one (1) to about five (5) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation.
The cleaning formulation may optionally further include about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams, and more preferably about five (1) to about seventy (70) grams, of a fluorochemical soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
It is to be noted that amounts of ingredients expressed in this application (including the claims) in terms of "grams" "per gallon of cleaning formulation"
are to be understood as referring to the weight in grams of a given active ingredient per gallon of cleaning formulation.
Concentrate Oftentimes it is convenient to dilute a concentrate to achieve these cleaning solution formulations. The invention should be construed to encompass a concentrate suitable for making an aqueous cleaning formulation, the concentrate comprising: (a) styrene maleic anhydride polymer; (b) an anionic surfactant; (c) mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant; (d) a fluorosurfactant; and, optionally,(e) fluorochemical soil resist agent, whereby the concentrate is capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having concentrations CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 expressed as grams of active ingredient per gallon of solution of (a) about three ~3) to about seventy (70) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation; (b) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation; (c) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation; (d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation;
and ~e) (if used) about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams of soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
In a more preferred instance the cleaning concentrate is also capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having a concentration of about ten (3) to sixty (60) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation, about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams of anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, five (5) to twenty-five (25) grams of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, about five (5) to about seventy (70) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation; and (e) (if used) about five ~5) to about seventy (70) grams of soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
Other inqredients As an optional ingredient, citric acid can be used to stabilize these formulations. Other chemical agents, such as fragrances, softeners, buffers, foaming agents and brightners may be added to the composition to obtain special effects on the cleaned carpet fiber.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 Methods of application It is to be understood that the cleaning formulation of the present invention is not limited to use in the bonnet cleaning method, but is applicable to any method that involves the application of a cleaning formulation to a fabricated yarn product either before or during the application of some form of mechanical action which allows agitation of the cleaning formulation onto and into the fibers of the carpet, optionally followed by partial removal of the cleaning formulation. Such common cleaning methods include, but are not limited to, hot water extraction, rotary brush cleaning, bonnet, and rotary dry foam cleaning. The cleaning formulation can be applied in any convenient manner, such as foaming, rolling or spraying, using a pad, brush or any other convenient appliance.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCT~US97/17583 TEST hhl~S
MEAS ~ ~M~ ~ OF COLOR DIFFERENCE (~E) A Minolta CR-100 Chroma Meter was used to measure ~E of the carpets both before and after cleaning. ~E is a measure of cleanliness since dirty carpets appear dark and they lighten on cleaning. The standards used for calculating ~E were measured on new, unused carpet samples or dirty, used carpet samples, depending on which the Example uses as the starting point, i.e., whether the Example is looking at cleaning or resoiling performance. See each Example for which standard was used for that example. ~E must always be interpreted relative to the standard or starting point.
Color readings were taken at three different areas on the carpet sample and the average ~E was reported. In measuring the ~E, the standard values to be used for calculating ~E of either new, unused carpet samples or dirty, used carpet samples are first measured, and this value is stored in the memory of the Chroma Meter. The value of the carpet after soiling or cleaning is then measured by the Chroma Meter, and the ~E is calculated therefrom. ~E color deviation represents the total color difference. When using new carpet as the standard, a lower ~E value is desirable, meaning the carpet resisted resoiling better than a carpet with a higher ~E value. When using dirty carpet as the standard, a higher ~E is desirable, indicating that the carpet became lighter and thus cleaner than a carpet sample with a lower ~E which had the same initial color value before cleaning.
.......... . . ..
CA 022639l~ l999-02-23 W O98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 EX~MPLES
Ex ~ ~les l-4 These Examples demonstrate the cleaning and resoil characteristics of the cleaning formulations of this invention. A light gray nylon 6 loop pile 1/lO
gauge, 26 oz. carpet sample was used. The carpet was heavily soiled carpet which had been removed from commercial use. Results are in Table I.
Cleaninq Efficiency - The machine used to simulate the bonnet machine was a commercially available apparatus fitted with 6 inch circular polyester bonnet pads. The apparatus was controlled by a variable speed switch so that the pad rotated at about 300 rpm.
Pressure was applied to the pad in such a way that the motor of the drill did not significantly slow.
The cleaning procedure was to:
a) Pre-vacuum the dirty carpet thoroughly to remove loose soil;
b) Measure the standard, or starting point value, with the Chroma Meter;
c) Spray about 5 grams of the cleaning formulation on the carpet section to be tested. The section was approximately 6 inches wide by 12 inches long;
d) Spray the bonnet pad with 1 gram cleaning solution;
e) Run the hand bonnet machine over the piece of carpet for 10 seconds moving the pad back and forth across the treated area;
f) Let the carpet dry and measure the ~E
value relative to the standard measured in step (b).
The ~E for the dirty vs. the clean carpet was a measure of the cleaning ability of the formulation.
Again, when determining cleaning performance, higher ~E's are desirable.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17~83 Resoil Resistance - The ability of a cleaned carpet to resist resoiling was determined by an accelerated soiling test wherein a cleaned carpet was exposed to a controlled amount of soil for a specified time, vacuumed to remove loose soil and the ~E
measured. The reference standard used for ~E
calculation was the cleaned carpet prior to soiling.
When determining resoil resistance, lower ~E's are desirable.
The equipment used in the resoil test includes a ball mill having a drum 10.5 inches deep, 40 inches in circumference and dirty polymer pellets (used to introduce a controlled amount of soil). The dirty polymer pellets were prepared by adding 3g of synthetic soil to 1000g of nylon polymer pellets and mixing in the ball mill for 10 minutes at 30 rpm. The synthetic soil was prepare according to AATCC Test Method 123-1989 and contained ~percentages are by weight): 38~
dark peat moss, 17~ portland cement, 17~ kaolin clay, 17~ silica (200 mesh), 1.75~ carbon black (furnace or lamp black), 0.5~ red iron oxide and 8.75~ mineral oil (medicinal grade).
Carpets were soiled by mounting them in the clean drum, taping with double-sided tape at the seams.
500g of soiled polymer pellets were then added along with cylindrical grinding stones (12 x 67.5g stones and 200 4.5g stones). The mill was run at 30 rpm for 30 minutes. Carpets were removed, vacuumed to remove loose dirt and the ~E measured relative to the reference standard as measured, above.
The following concentrations were used:
WEIGHT PERCENT
ACTIVE INGREDIENT
styrene maleic anhydride ZELAN 338 40 35 anionic surfactant DUPONOL WAQE 40 nonionic surfactant MERPOL S~ 50 fluorosurfactant ZONYL~ 79 50 40 soil resist agent ZONYL 5180 18 CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 Note: The weights (*) given in Table I are in grams of solution per gram of cleaning formulation. To obtain the grams of active ingredient per gram of cleaning formulation, multiply the appropriate weight percent of each active ingredient by the weight listed in Table ~.
TABLE I
EXAMPLE CLEANING FORMULATION~ ~E CLEANING ~E RESOIL
1 28.4 G/GAL ZELAN 338 2.51 6.91 28.4 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
11.8 G/GAL MERPOL SH
7.1 G/GAL ZONYL 79 50 2 84.1 G/GAL ZELAN 338 0.67 16.8 42.0 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
63.1 G/GAL MERPOL SH
21.0 G/GAL ZONYL 7950 3 28.4 G/GAL ZELAN 338 3.01 4.92 28.4 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
11.8 G/GAL MERPOL SH
7.1 G/GAL ZONYL 7950 108.8 G/GAL ZONYL 5180 4 25.2 G/GAL ZELAN 338 3.11 9.98 12.6 G/GAL DUPONOL WAQE
31.5 G/GAL MERPOL SH
6.3 G/GAL ZONYL 7950 109.3 G/GAL ZONYL 5180 All the test formulations cleaned satisfactorily. For resoiling, the lower the ~E, the better. Formulation No. 3 had the best overall performance, based on cleaning and resoil resistance.
Examples 3 and 4 demonstrate the effect of ZONYL~ 5180 which appears to improve both cleaning efficiency and resoil resistance.
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18X92 PCT~US97/17583 ExamPle 5 This Example demonstrates under real field conditions the ability of the cleaning formulations of the present invention to clean the carpet and to prevent resoiling.
The equipment used was a standard bonnet cleaner with polyester pads. The cleaning formulations being tested were sprayed onto the carpet using a hand sprayer and ten (10) grams solution was applied to each square foot of carpet.
To determine the best commercial carpet cleaning formulation, seven commercial products were evaluated by cleaning a dirty carpet sample with each product and measuring the ~E after allowing the carpet to dry. The best cleaning product was determined to be the one with the highest ~E. This will be designated hereafter as formulation "BC" (i. e., "best commercial").
The carpet used was 1/10 gauge, 29 oz. loop pile carpet made using smoke beige Lumena~ nylon 6,6 face fiber. The standard used to calculate ~E on the Chroma Meter was new, unused carpet. The carpet was left in a high traffic corridor for 28 days, and exposed to approximately 4000 traffics/day. Each traffic represents one person walking across the carpet. The carpet was divided into three sections which experienced equivalent traffic. All three sections were vacuumed well each night.
The "CONTROL" section was never cleaned. The "COMPARISON" section was cleaned as needed with cleaning formulation BC, determined as described above to be the best commercially available interim carpet cleaner. The ''EXAMPLE'I section was cleaned as needed with the cleaning formulation according to the present invention. The carpet of the COMPARISON section and the EXAMPLE section were first cleaned when ~E exceeded 1.5 units, based on clean carpet as the standard. Upon resoiling, if the change in ~E exceeded about 1 to 1.5 units above the previously cleaned ~E value, it was CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCT~US97/17583 deemed that cleaning was needed and the carpet cleaned again. The formulation according to the invention which was used, expressed in grams of active ingredient per gallon of cleaning solution, comprised: (a) 11 grams ZELAN 338 (available from DuPont); (b) 14 grams DUPONOL WAQE (available from Witco Chemical Co.);
(c) 12 grams MERPOL SH (available from DuPont); (d) 3 grams fluorosurfactant; and (e) 42 grams ZONYL 5180 soil resist agent (available from DuPont).
TABLE II
DAY CONTROL EXAMPLE COMPARISON
0.3 0.56 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.1 2.0 1.5 2.5 1.1 3.0 1.4 3.2 0.5 0.8 3.5 1.4 0.3 2.0 4.0 1.6 0.3 2.1 4.4 1.65 0.4 1.7 5.0 1.7 0.4 1.9 5.2 0.4 1.06 5.6 1.7 0.6 2.6 6.4 1.4 0.5 3.5 8.5 1.8 0.75 2.6 9-0 1.6 9.4 2.0 0.6 2.5 9.6 2.0 0.55 2.26 10.0 2.25 0.7 2.8 11.0 2.44 0.7 2.9 14 2.5 0.7 3.6 14 2.7 2.6 0.8 3.8 21.1 3.0 1.1 3.5 CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 WO98/18892 ~CT~S97/17583 The results of this field trial are listed in Table II above and are graphically represented in Figure l.
Figure l represents the results of the field trial. The diamond symbols on the Figure represent ~E
measured for the "CONTROL" section, the square symbols represent the "COMPARISON" section (cleaned as needed with cleaning formulation BC), while the diamond symbols represent the "EXAMPLE" section cleaned with the cleaning formulation according to the invention.
Amazingly, the carpet sample of the EXAMPLE
section did not require cleaning for twenty-one days following the date of "First Cleaning" with the formulation of the invention. The COMPARISON section was cleaned three times in that interval.
The resoiling of the carpet sections was also markedly impacted. Following cleaning with Formulation BC the COMPARISON section of the carpet appeared to soil more rapidly than the CONTROL carpet section (which was not cleaned but only vacuumed routinely). The rate of resoiling is proportional to the slope of the curves in Figure l. The CONTROL and COMPARISON sections soiled or resoiled, respectively, rapidly (as indicated by the relative steepness of the slopes of the curves in the regions "A" and "B" of Figure l) as compared to the rate of resoiling of the EXAMPLE section with respect to the slope of the curve (marked by the reference character "C" in Figure l).
Moreever, following cleaning with the formulation of the invention the EXAMPLE carpet section did not appear to resoil at all, as evidenced by the relatively flat slope of the curve over the entire duration of the test period, as indicated by the character C' in Figure l.
Further, as indicated by the character C" in Figure l, initially the EXAMPLE section even appeared to get cleaner after subsequent vacuuming.
. . .
CA 0226391~ 1999-02-23 W O 98/18892 PCTrUS97/17583 In one specific instance, after a water spill, a dirty spot was observed to develop on the EXAMPLE
section after having been cleaned with the formulation of the invention. After about a day, when the carpet had dried, the spot disappeared with routine vacuuming without any further cleaning. It is thought that the formulation of the invention which remained on the carpet after cleaning dried and encapsulated the dirt which was then more easily removed by vacuuming.
Claims (15)
1. An aqueous cleaning formulation comprising:
a) about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation, b) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, c) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation, and d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation.
a) about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation, b) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, c) about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation, and d) about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation.
2. The aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 1, further comprising about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams of a soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
3. The aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 2, wherein the soil resist agent is a fluorochemical.
4. The aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 1 wherein the fluorosurfactant is a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of Formula I, compounds of Formula II, or mixtures thereof, where Formula I and Formula are:
F(CF2)n-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-COOLi wherein n is an integer having a value of 6 to 12, and m is an integer having a value of 2 to 5.
F(CF2)n-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-COOLi wherein n is an integer having a value of 6 to 12, and m is an integer having a value of 2 to 5.
5. The aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 1 wherein the concentration of styrene maleic anhydride polymer is about ten (10) to about sixty (60) grams per gallon of the cleaning formulation, the concentration of anionic surfactant is about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams per gallon of the cleaning formulation, the concentration of mixed alkyl ethoxylated nonionic surfactant is about five (5) to about twenty-five (25) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation, the concentration of fluorosurfactant is about one (1) to about five (5) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation.
6. The aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 2 wherein the concentration of soil resist agent is about five (5) to about seventy (70) grams per gallon of cleaning formulation.
7. The aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 1 wherein the anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate.
8. A cleaning concentrate for making an aqueous cleaning formulation, comprising:
(a) a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent; (b) an anionic surfactant; (c) a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of 10.5 to fifteen (15); and (d) a fluorosurfactant, whereby the concentrate is capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having a concentration of about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation, about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation, and about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation.
(a) a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent; (b) an anionic surfactant; (c) a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of 10.5 to fifteen (15); and (d) a fluorosurfactant, whereby the concentrate is capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having a concentration of about three (3) to about seventy (70) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation, about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of an aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, about three (3) to about fifty (50) grams of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance in the range of about 10.5 to about fifteen (15) per gallon of cleaning formulation, and about one-half (0.5) to about fifty (50) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation.
9. The cleaning concentrate of claim 8, whereby the concentrate is capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having a concentration of about ten (3) to sixty (60) grams of a styrene maleic anhydride polymer stain resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation, about five (5) to about thirty (30) grams of anionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, five (5) to twenty-five (25) grams of a mixed alkyl ethoxylated (C10-C16) nonionic surfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation, about five (5) to about seventy (70) grams of fluorosurfactant per gallon of cleaning formulation.
10. The cleaning concentrate of Claim 9 wherein the concentrate further comprises a soil resist agent, whereby the concentrate is capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having a concentration of about five (5) to about seventy (70) grams of soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
11. The cleaning concentrate of Claim 10 wherein the concentrate further comprises a soil resist agent, whereby the concentrate is capable of being diluted with an appropriate amount of water to produce an aqueous cleaning formulation having a concentration of about one (1) to about two-hundred (200) grams of soil resist agent per gallon of cleaning formulation.
12. The cleaning concentrate of Claim 9 wherein the anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate.
13. The cleaning concentrate of Claim 8 wherein the anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate.
14. A method of using the aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 1 to clean a fabricated yarn product comprising the steps of:
applying the cleaning formulation of Claim 1 to the surface of the fabricated yarn product; and agitating the cleaning formulation into the fabricated yarn product.
applying the cleaning formulation of Claim 1 to the surface of the fabricated yarn product; and agitating the cleaning formulation into the fabricated yarn product.
15. A method of using the aqueous cleaning formulation of Claim 2 to clean a fabricated yarn product comprising the steps of:
applying the cleaning formulation of Claim 1 to the surface of the fabricated yarn product; and agitating the cleaning formulation into the fabricated yarn product.
applying the cleaning formulation of Claim 1 to the surface of the fabricated yarn product; and agitating the cleaning formulation into the fabricated yarn product.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US73815496A | 1996-10-25 | 1996-10-25 | |
| US08/738,154 | 1996-10-25 | ||
| PCT/US1997/017583 WO1998018892A2 (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1997-09-29 | Cleaning formulation for fabricated yarn products |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2263915A1 true CA2263915A1 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
Family
ID=24966796
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002263915A Abandoned CA2263915A1 (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1997-09-29 | Cleaning formulation for fabricated yarn products |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0934383A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2000509749A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR013615A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4659297A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9712663A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2263915A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998018892A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0030671D0 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-01-31 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
| GB0030669D0 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-01-31 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
| US6824854B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2004-11-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Carpets treated for soil resistance |
| US6740251B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2004-05-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorinated treatment for soil resistance |
| US7485613B2 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2009-02-03 | Venus Laboratories, Inc. | Low foaming carpet-cleaning detergent concentrate comprised of ethylene oxide adduct and without phosphates |
| US7459420B2 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2008-12-02 | Vlahakis E Van | Automatic dishwashing detergent comprised of ethylene oxide adduct and without phosphates |
| US7754092B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2010-07-13 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Soil resist additive |
| JP5519265B2 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2014-06-11 | パナソニック株式会社 | Detergent builder |
| US20130102215A1 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Nonfluorinated soil resist and repellency compositions |
| US20130102214A1 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | Ei Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Nonfluorinated soil resist compositions |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL6900307A (en) * | 1969-01-08 | 1969-10-27 | ||
| US4145303A (en) * | 1971-03-08 | 1979-03-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Cleaning and treating compositions |
| CA1327856C (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1994-03-15 | Barry R. Knowlton | Method of enhancing the soil- and stain-resistance characteristics of polyamide and wool fabrics, the fabrics so treated, and treating composition |
| US5338475A (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1994-08-16 | Sterling Drug, Inc. | Carpet cleaning composition with bleach |
| EP0648834B1 (en) * | 1993-10-19 | 2000-05-17 | Reckitt & Colman Inc. | Carpet cleaner |
| US5534167A (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1996-07-09 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Carpet cleaning and restoring composition |
-
1997
- 1997-09-29 CA CA002263915A patent/CA2263915A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-09-29 EP EP97945372A patent/EP0934383A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-09-29 JP JP10520471A patent/JP2000509749A/en active Pending
- 1997-09-29 AU AU46592/97A patent/AU4659297A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-09-29 BR BR9712663-2A patent/BR9712663A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-09-29 WO PCT/US1997/017583 patent/WO1998018892A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-10-15 AR ARP970104768 patent/AR013615A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4659297A (en) | 1998-05-22 |
| BR9712663A (en) | 1999-10-26 |
| AR013615A1 (en) | 2001-01-10 |
| EP0934383A2 (en) | 1999-08-11 |
| JP2000509749A (en) | 2000-08-02 |
| WO1998018892A3 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
| WO1998018892A2 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |