CA2262414A1 - Method for producing a composite block from seismic recording blocks - Google Patents
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
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Abstract
The invention concerns a method for producing a composite block from seismic recording blocks, characterised in that it consists in: producing independent primary seismic blocks, each seismic block being constructed from seismic data registered along a predetermined acquisition direction, so as to obtain n primary seismic blocks {Ai(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, n being greater or equal to 2; computing for each point of each primary block Ai a quality criterion value representing the seismic attribute local quality, so as to obtain n quality criterion blocks {Qi(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, each quality criterion block Qi being associated with the primary block Ai;
constructing a composite seismic block C(x, y, z) whereof each sample is computed as a combination of sample values of blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighted by their relative qualities Qi(x, y, z).
constructing a composite seismic block C(x, y, z) whereof each sample is computed as a combination of sample values of blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighted by their relative qualities Qi(x, y, z).
Description
METHOD OF GENERATING A COMPOSITE BLOCK FROM BLOCKS
OF SEISMIC RECORDINGS
This invention refers to a method of generating a composite block of seismic recordings, achieved by means of recorded seismic data in the form oftraces following different directions of acquisition.
When dealing with a complex tectonic, in contrast to a calm tectonic in which horizons or reflectors of the subsoil to explore are slightly deformed tabulary layers, traditional methods are not always sufficient or precise, especially when the detected events are faults, ruptures or salt domes, for instance. Indeed, the seismic im~ging of the subsoil is strongly disrupted by some optic effect, well known to the expert, which are induced by the particular fault and/or by salt-bearing intrusion, shaly or others. These optical effects sometimes shadow some parts of the subsoil which are then hardly or even not at all visible on the seismic picture. The consequences of these optical effect on the particular image can vary widely according the geographic nature of the seismic device usedfor tr~nsmission and recording. During 3D marine seismic acquisition, the structure is essentially characterised by the azimuth of acquisition.
When the morphology of the subsoil is partially known before acquisition, it is sometime possible to choose a privileged direction of acquisition which gives a sufficiently complete seismic picture. Unfortunately when this particular morphology is not well known or when the shadowing optical effects are many and varied, there is no unique direction of acquisition which allow to obtain a sufficiently complete picture.
The seismic irnage can take the form of a time or depth migrated seismic block in which the interpreting de~ice locates and interprets seismic events appearing in the particular seismic block.
In seisrnic reflection, a seismic event is essentially characterised by an extremum of amplitude of the seismic signal presenting a good spatial continuity between neighbouring traces.
In order to automatically distinguish areas which present events from those which do not, one method, among others, consists of measuring the spatial coherence of the seismic with the help of, for instance, a technique of 3 5 intertrace correlations. The various methods and formula of calculation of .
coherence, well known to the experts, will neither be given nor explained here.
This invention seeks to offer a method to obtain a picture or a seismic representation which will be more complete or more predictable for the interpretator, this method dealing more specifically with the elaboration of a composite block from predetermined seismic attribute.
Following the invention, this method is characterised by the fact that it consists of:
realising primary independent seismic blocks, each seismic block being built from seismic data recorded according to a predetermined direction of acquisition, in order to get n primary seismic block {Ai(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, n being superior or equal to 2, calculating for each point of each independent primary block Ai the value of a quality criterion representative of the local quality of the seismic attribute, in order to get n blocks of quality criterion {Qj(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, each block of quality criterion Qi being associated to the primary block Ai ~
building a composite seismic block C(x, y, z) with each sample calculated as a combination of values of samples corresponding from blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighted by their relative qualities Qj(x, y, z).
Independent primary seismic blocks can advantageously be seismic blocks of stack traces or also seismic blocks of time or depth migrated stack traces.
An advantage of this invention resides in the fact that it allows for - sure to get a composite block of seismic data in which the shadowing effects induced by the azimuth of acquisition are greatly reduced. The seismic information contained in this composite block is more complete that the one obtained in one of any of the initial blocks. This composite block therefore allows for a more precise and more complete interpretation of the geology of the subsoil.
It is important to note that the nature of seismic data in seismic blocks (Ai) can be random. The attribute can be composed of the classic seismic amplitude, time or depth migrated, but also of all seismic attribute derived from or completely transformed by the seismic signal.
Furthermore, the process according to the invention allows to build, for instance, two types of information useful for the interpretation of the composite block:
a block of index I(x, y, z) which gives for each point (x, y, z), the index I
of the seismic block (A;) which shows, at this point, the best quality (Q;), a block of attribute D(x, y, z), named here "directivity block", which gives for each point (x, y, z), the relative variations of the attributes of quality Qj(x, y, z) of different blocks Aj(x, y, z) for a value of the index I contained between 1 and the number n of primary blocks. The higher the value of qualit,v is in one different point (x, y, z), the stronger the directivity D(x, y, z) is, conversely, the more homogenous the values of quality are in one point, the weaker the directivity D is.
To assist the intel~l~t~Lion, these two blocks of index I and directivity D can be visualised on screen or on any support by associating a shade 10 of colour to each block index and by building a colour picture in which pixels representing a point (x, y, z) are coloured with the shade linked to the index I(x, y, z) and show a saturation in this shade stronger as the value of directivity D(x, y, z) is great.
Another advantage of this invention resides in the fact that in the 15 composite blocks, some homogeneous parts appear. Furthermore, in a same facies, the composite block obtained according to the invention allows to bring to the fore some subfacies and some tectonic accidents are detectable.
Other advantages and characteristics will appear more clearly when you read the preferred way of carrying out the invention, as well as the drawings 20 in the appendix about which:
Figures 1 and 2 represent seismic pictures of vertical section of a same plane of the subsoil and respectively extracted from time migrated seismic blocks built with seismic data gathered following two directions of perpendicular acquisition.
Figures 3 to 6 are time constant cross sections of four seismic blocks built with seismic data gathered following four directions of acquisitionarranged 45 degrees apart from each other.
Figures 7 to 10 are pictures representing for each time constant cross section of figures 3 to 6, the attribute of correlation between neighbouring traces and is being used as a criterion of local quality.
Figure 11 is a sarne time cross section of the composite block gathered with this invention.
Figure 12 is a representation of preferred directivities according to each of the directions of acquisition In seismic exploration reflection of a medium, an emitting and receiving device is used generally made up from one or several sources of tr~ncmi.~sion which give off waves in the area and by a few receivers which receive and record, depending on the time, the reflected waves from the various reflectors or horizons of the medium. The positioning of the device, at the surface of the area, depends on the type of cover which are desired to achieve. In marine seisrnic, for instance, it is used a boat which usually includes a source of tr~n~mi~sion which is either on the boat or on a support towed by the boat alongwith some streamers on which the receivers-recorders are installed. The boat usually moves in the predetermined azimuthal direction by covering the surface to 10 explore with parallel lines along which these particular receivers-recorders are lined up.
According to the invention and in the case of marine seismic, even though it can also be used in ground seismic, it is best to use the 4x2D recording technique or 4x3D as described in the application FR-A-2 729 766. In this 15 particular application which is integreted here as much for the technique of acquisition as for data processing especially for the calculation of speed of unit and/or for the working out of the stack umbrella, it describes a method in whichthe data gathering directions are 45 degrees apart from each other that is following directions XX, XY, YY, YX.
Figure 1 is a vertical section or a seismic picture of an subsoil plane, this particular seismic picturge being derived from a time migrated seismic block built using seismic data gathered from a first azimuth or a 0 degrees acquiring direction XX .
Figure 2 is also a vertical section or a seismic picture of the same 25 plane of the subsoil as in figure 1, this seismic image coming from a time migrated seismic block built using seismic data gathered from a second azimuth or a direction of acquisition YY of 90 degrees, therefore perpendicular to the first azimuth. ~.;
When comparing figure 1 and 2, important differences can be noted 30 between the two seismic images represented in rectangles R~and R and is essentially the result of the shadowing effects of a salt-bearing intrusion. These shadowing effects have much more important consequences in the block YY
(rectangle R2) than in the block XX (rectangle Rl). It can be noted that horizons in the rectangle Rl are more striking than in the rectangle R2 Figures 3 to 6 represent four time constant sections (t = 2748 ms) .
and are extracted from four primary and time migrated seismic blocks Al(x, y, z)to A4(x, y, z) gathered according to four directions of acquisition disposed at 45 degrees from one another and referenced XX, XY, YY, and YX. The four sections represent the same horizontal plane of the subsoil.
In a further step, it is calculated for each point (x, y, z) of each block Aland A4, the local correlation between neighbouring traces. This correlation locally estimates the spatial coherence of seismic information whichconstitutes the example of the chosen criterion of quality. Thus four blocks of quality criterion Ql(x, y, z), Q2(x, y, z), Q3(x, y, z), Q4(x, y, z) are created. Figures 7 to 10 are pictures representing the correlation coefficient between neighbouring traces chosen as a criteria of quality for each time constant cross section of figures 3 to 6.
When the pictures of figures 7 to 10 are compared between themselves, some very noticeable differences can be seen. On the picture of figure 3, the left part is strongly disrupted, this is shown by the relatively weak correlation coefficient for the same area as figure 7. A similar result is obtained in figures 5 and 10 but on the lower left part. Figures 4 and 6 show that certain parts are disrupted because of for instance a more unfavourable signal/sound ratio.
In a further step, it is created a composite block C(x, y, z) from which each sample e(x, y, z) is calculated as a combination of values ej(x, y, z) from blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighed by their relative qualities Qi(x, y, z), while keepin_ in mind that the rule of combination may vary.
In the chosen example, the composite block C(x, y, z) is built by selecting a random point M of co-ordinates (x, y, z), then it is searched in all Qj blocks for the block which present, for the point of the same co-ordinates, the best quality criterion which, for this invention, correspond to the highest value. Then it is given to point M the amplitude of its corresponding point in primary block A;which is associated to the selected block Qj as having the best criterion for quality. The preceding steps are carried out again for each points of the ~composite blocks for which a seismic inforrnation is available.
Figure 11 represents a time constant cross section extracted from the composite block C(x, y, z) for the time t = 2748 ms.
It is also possible to create a quality index block I(x, y, z) by giving to each point of a blank block the index of primary block Aj corresponding to the best value of the quality criterion for the considered point.
This invention also aims to construct a block of directivity D(x, y, z) in which D(x, y, z) is calculated for each point by the formula (l-Q/ Qmax ) where Qmax is the maximum value of Qj(x, y, z), i varying from 1 to n, and Q theaverage of (n-1) other values Qj(x, y, z).
5 The more quality values Qj(x, y, z) are near for the four blocks Qj(x, y, z) and the weaker the directivity D(x, y, z) is.
In another change of the process, it is possible to visualise information of blocks XX, XY, YX, and YY with different colours, the colour associated to a point indicating which block possess, in this point, the best 10 correlation. The colour saturation are all the stronger if directivity D(x, y, z) in this point is strong. A very pastel colour point or even a white one indicates a veryweak directivity.
In figure 12, we schematically represented areas of preferential directivity following each of the four directions of acquisition XX, XY, YY, and15 YX instead of representing them with different colours. The area which, in colour, would be pastel or even white is represented on figure 12 with very dense stipples, these latter indicating that the corresponding area is of weak directivity.
OF SEISMIC RECORDINGS
This invention refers to a method of generating a composite block of seismic recordings, achieved by means of recorded seismic data in the form oftraces following different directions of acquisition.
When dealing with a complex tectonic, in contrast to a calm tectonic in which horizons or reflectors of the subsoil to explore are slightly deformed tabulary layers, traditional methods are not always sufficient or precise, especially when the detected events are faults, ruptures or salt domes, for instance. Indeed, the seismic im~ging of the subsoil is strongly disrupted by some optic effect, well known to the expert, which are induced by the particular fault and/or by salt-bearing intrusion, shaly or others. These optical effects sometimes shadow some parts of the subsoil which are then hardly or even not at all visible on the seismic picture. The consequences of these optical effect on the particular image can vary widely according the geographic nature of the seismic device usedfor tr~nsmission and recording. During 3D marine seismic acquisition, the structure is essentially characterised by the azimuth of acquisition.
When the morphology of the subsoil is partially known before acquisition, it is sometime possible to choose a privileged direction of acquisition which gives a sufficiently complete seismic picture. Unfortunately when this particular morphology is not well known or when the shadowing optical effects are many and varied, there is no unique direction of acquisition which allow to obtain a sufficiently complete picture.
The seismic irnage can take the form of a time or depth migrated seismic block in which the interpreting de~ice locates and interprets seismic events appearing in the particular seismic block.
In seisrnic reflection, a seismic event is essentially characterised by an extremum of amplitude of the seismic signal presenting a good spatial continuity between neighbouring traces.
In order to automatically distinguish areas which present events from those which do not, one method, among others, consists of measuring the spatial coherence of the seismic with the help of, for instance, a technique of 3 5 intertrace correlations. The various methods and formula of calculation of .
coherence, well known to the experts, will neither be given nor explained here.
This invention seeks to offer a method to obtain a picture or a seismic representation which will be more complete or more predictable for the interpretator, this method dealing more specifically with the elaboration of a composite block from predetermined seismic attribute.
Following the invention, this method is characterised by the fact that it consists of:
realising primary independent seismic blocks, each seismic block being built from seismic data recorded according to a predetermined direction of acquisition, in order to get n primary seismic block {Ai(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, n being superior or equal to 2, calculating for each point of each independent primary block Ai the value of a quality criterion representative of the local quality of the seismic attribute, in order to get n blocks of quality criterion {Qj(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, each block of quality criterion Qi being associated to the primary block Ai ~
building a composite seismic block C(x, y, z) with each sample calculated as a combination of values of samples corresponding from blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighted by their relative qualities Qj(x, y, z).
Independent primary seismic blocks can advantageously be seismic blocks of stack traces or also seismic blocks of time or depth migrated stack traces.
An advantage of this invention resides in the fact that it allows for - sure to get a composite block of seismic data in which the shadowing effects induced by the azimuth of acquisition are greatly reduced. The seismic information contained in this composite block is more complete that the one obtained in one of any of the initial blocks. This composite block therefore allows for a more precise and more complete interpretation of the geology of the subsoil.
It is important to note that the nature of seismic data in seismic blocks (Ai) can be random. The attribute can be composed of the classic seismic amplitude, time or depth migrated, but also of all seismic attribute derived from or completely transformed by the seismic signal.
Furthermore, the process according to the invention allows to build, for instance, two types of information useful for the interpretation of the composite block:
a block of index I(x, y, z) which gives for each point (x, y, z), the index I
of the seismic block (A;) which shows, at this point, the best quality (Q;), a block of attribute D(x, y, z), named here "directivity block", which gives for each point (x, y, z), the relative variations of the attributes of quality Qj(x, y, z) of different blocks Aj(x, y, z) for a value of the index I contained between 1 and the number n of primary blocks. The higher the value of qualit,v is in one different point (x, y, z), the stronger the directivity D(x, y, z) is, conversely, the more homogenous the values of quality are in one point, the weaker the directivity D is.
To assist the intel~l~t~Lion, these two blocks of index I and directivity D can be visualised on screen or on any support by associating a shade 10 of colour to each block index and by building a colour picture in which pixels representing a point (x, y, z) are coloured with the shade linked to the index I(x, y, z) and show a saturation in this shade stronger as the value of directivity D(x, y, z) is great.
Another advantage of this invention resides in the fact that in the 15 composite blocks, some homogeneous parts appear. Furthermore, in a same facies, the composite block obtained according to the invention allows to bring to the fore some subfacies and some tectonic accidents are detectable.
Other advantages and characteristics will appear more clearly when you read the preferred way of carrying out the invention, as well as the drawings 20 in the appendix about which:
Figures 1 and 2 represent seismic pictures of vertical section of a same plane of the subsoil and respectively extracted from time migrated seismic blocks built with seismic data gathered following two directions of perpendicular acquisition.
Figures 3 to 6 are time constant cross sections of four seismic blocks built with seismic data gathered following four directions of acquisitionarranged 45 degrees apart from each other.
Figures 7 to 10 are pictures representing for each time constant cross section of figures 3 to 6, the attribute of correlation between neighbouring traces and is being used as a criterion of local quality.
Figure 11 is a sarne time cross section of the composite block gathered with this invention.
Figure 12 is a representation of preferred directivities according to each of the directions of acquisition In seismic exploration reflection of a medium, an emitting and receiving device is used generally made up from one or several sources of tr~ncmi.~sion which give off waves in the area and by a few receivers which receive and record, depending on the time, the reflected waves from the various reflectors or horizons of the medium. The positioning of the device, at the surface of the area, depends on the type of cover which are desired to achieve. In marine seisrnic, for instance, it is used a boat which usually includes a source of tr~n~mi~sion which is either on the boat or on a support towed by the boat alongwith some streamers on which the receivers-recorders are installed. The boat usually moves in the predetermined azimuthal direction by covering the surface to 10 explore with parallel lines along which these particular receivers-recorders are lined up.
According to the invention and in the case of marine seismic, even though it can also be used in ground seismic, it is best to use the 4x2D recording technique or 4x3D as described in the application FR-A-2 729 766. In this 15 particular application which is integreted here as much for the technique of acquisition as for data processing especially for the calculation of speed of unit and/or for the working out of the stack umbrella, it describes a method in whichthe data gathering directions are 45 degrees apart from each other that is following directions XX, XY, YY, YX.
Figure 1 is a vertical section or a seismic picture of an subsoil plane, this particular seismic picturge being derived from a time migrated seismic block built using seismic data gathered from a first azimuth or a 0 degrees acquiring direction XX .
Figure 2 is also a vertical section or a seismic picture of the same 25 plane of the subsoil as in figure 1, this seismic image coming from a time migrated seismic block built using seismic data gathered from a second azimuth or a direction of acquisition YY of 90 degrees, therefore perpendicular to the first azimuth. ~.;
When comparing figure 1 and 2, important differences can be noted 30 between the two seismic images represented in rectangles R~and R and is essentially the result of the shadowing effects of a salt-bearing intrusion. These shadowing effects have much more important consequences in the block YY
(rectangle R2) than in the block XX (rectangle Rl). It can be noted that horizons in the rectangle Rl are more striking than in the rectangle R2 Figures 3 to 6 represent four time constant sections (t = 2748 ms) .
and are extracted from four primary and time migrated seismic blocks Al(x, y, z)to A4(x, y, z) gathered according to four directions of acquisition disposed at 45 degrees from one another and referenced XX, XY, YY, and YX. The four sections represent the same horizontal plane of the subsoil.
In a further step, it is calculated for each point (x, y, z) of each block Aland A4, the local correlation between neighbouring traces. This correlation locally estimates the spatial coherence of seismic information whichconstitutes the example of the chosen criterion of quality. Thus four blocks of quality criterion Ql(x, y, z), Q2(x, y, z), Q3(x, y, z), Q4(x, y, z) are created. Figures 7 to 10 are pictures representing the correlation coefficient between neighbouring traces chosen as a criteria of quality for each time constant cross section of figures 3 to 6.
When the pictures of figures 7 to 10 are compared between themselves, some very noticeable differences can be seen. On the picture of figure 3, the left part is strongly disrupted, this is shown by the relatively weak correlation coefficient for the same area as figure 7. A similar result is obtained in figures 5 and 10 but on the lower left part. Figures 4 and 6 show that certain parts are disrupted because of for instance a more unfavourable signal/sound ratio.
In a further step, it is created a composite block C(x, y, z) from which each sample e(x, y, z) is calculated as a combination of values ej(x, y, z) from blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighed by their relative qualities Qi(x, y, z), while keepin_ in mind that the rule of combination may vary.
In the chosen example, the composite block C(x, y, z) is built by selecting a random point M of co-ordinates (x, y, z), then it is searched in all Qj blocks for the block which present, for the point of the same co-ordinates, the best quality criterion which, for this invention, correspond to the highest value. Then it is given to point M the amplitude of its corresponding point in primary block A;which is associated to the selected block Qj as having the best criterion for quality. The preceding steps are carried out again for each points of the ~composite blocks for which a seismic inforrnation is available.
Figure 11 represents a time constant cross section extracted from the composite block C(x, y, z) for the time t = 2748 ms.
It is also possible to create a quality index block I(x, y, z) by giving to each point of a blank block the index of primary block Aj corresponding to the best value of the quality criterion for the considered point.
This invention also aims to construct a block of directivity D(x, y, z) in which D(x, y, z) is calculated for each point by the formula (l-Q/ Qmax ) where Qmax is the maximum value of Qj(x, y, z), i varying from 1 to n, and Q theaverage of (n-1) other values Qj(x, y, z).
5 The more quality values Qj(x, y, z) are near for the four blocks Qj(x, y, z) and the weaker the directivity D(x, y, z) is.
In another change of the process, it is possible to visualise information of blocks XX, XY, YX, and YY with different colours, the colour associated to a point indicating which block possess, in this point, the best 10 correlation. The colour saturation are all the stronger if directivity D(x, y, z) in this point is strong. A very pastel colour point or even a white one indicates a veryweak directivity.
In figure 12, we schematically represented areas of preferential directivity following each of the four directions of acquisition XX, XY, YY, and15 YX instead of representing them with different colours. The area which, in colour, would be pastel or even white is represented on figure 12 with very dense stipples, these latter indicating that the corresponding area is of weak directivity.
Claims (9)
1. Method of generating a composite block of a predetermined seismic attribute characterised by the fact that it consists of:
realising primary independent seismic blocks, each seismic block being built from seismic data recorded according to a predetermined direction of acquisition, in order to get n primary seismic block {Ai(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, n being superior or equal to 2, calculating for each point of each independent primary block Ai the value of a quality criterion representative of the local quality of the seismic attribute, in order to get n blocks of quality criterion {Qi(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, each block of quality criterion Qi being associated to the primary block Ai, building a composite seismic block C(x, y, z) with each sample calculated as a combination of values of samples corresponding from blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighted by their relative qualities Qi(x, y, z).
realising primary independent seismic blocks, each seismic block being built from seismic data recorded according to a predetermined direction of acquisition, in order to get n primary seismic block {Ai(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, n being superior or equal to 2, calculating for each point of each independent primary block Ai the value of a quality criterion representative of the local quality of the seismic attribute, in order to get n blocks of quality criterion {Qi(x, y, z)} with i varying from 1 to n, each block of quality criterion Qi being associated to the primary block Ai, building a composite seismic block C(x, y, z) with each sample calculated as a combination of values of samples corresponding from blocks Ai(x, y, z) weighted by their relative qualities Qi(x, y, z).
2. Method which following claim 1, is characterised by the fact that seismic data are recorded following the four directions of acquisition arranged 45 degrees from one another.
3. Method which following claim 1, is characterised by the fact that the seismic attribute is the amplitude.
4. Method which following claim 1, is characterised by the fact that the quality criterion is the coherence.
5. Method which following claim 1, is characterised by the fact that it further consists in building an index block I(x, y, z) by giving to each point ablank primary index block Ai corresponding to the value of the criterion quality Qi for the point considered.
6. Method which following claim 1, is characterised by the fact that it further consists in building a block of directivity D(x, y, z) in which D(x, y, z) is calculated for each point by the formula (1-Q/ Q max ) where Q max is the maximum value of Qi(x, y, z), i varying from 1 to n, and Q the average of (n-1) other values Qi(x, y, z).
7. Method which following claim 6, is characterised by the fact that directivities are visualised on a support with colour codes, the colour saturation in one point being much stronger if the directivity is strong at this point.
8. Method which following any of the previous claims is characterised by the fact that primary blocks Ai are time migrated blocks.
9. Method which following one of claims 1 to 7 is characterised by the fact that primary blocks Ai are depth migrated blocks.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9708115 | 1997-06-27 | ||
| FR9708115A FR2765344B1 (en) | 1997-06-27 | 1997-06-27 | METHOD FOR DEVELOPING A COMPOSITE BLOCK FROM SEISMIC RECORDING BLOCKS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2262414A1 true CA2262414A1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
Family
ID=9508556
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2262414 Abandoned CA2262414A1 (en) | 1997-06-27 | 1998-06-24 | Method for producing a composite block from seismic recording blocks |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0922237A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9806230A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2262414A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA199900172A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2765344B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO990478L (en) |
| OA (1) | OA10982A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999000678A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2422012B (en) | 2005-01-11 | 2008-09-10 | Statoil Asa | Method of seismic signal processing |
| GB2429278B (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2010-08-11 | Statoil Asa | Seismic exploration |
| GB2443843B (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2011-05-25 | Statoil Asa | Seafloor-following streamer |
| GB0722469D0 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2007-12-27 | Statoil Asa | Forming a geological model |
| GB0724847D0 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-01-30 | Statoilhydro | Method of and apparatus for exploring a region below a surface of the earth |
| GB0803701D0 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2008-04-09 | Statoilhydro Asa | Improved interferometric methods and apparatus for seismic exploration |
| GB2479200A (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-05 | Statoil Asa | Interpolating pressure and/or vertical particle velocity data from multi-component marine seismic data including horizontal derivatives |
| US8757270B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2014-06-24 | Statoil Petroleum As | Subsea hydrocarbon production system |
| CN103675915B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-07-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for estimating stratum transverse relative quality factor based on seismic data |
Family Cites Families (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3746122A (en) * | 1971-05-21 | 1973-07-17 | Avance Oil And Gas Co Inc | Multi-directional seismic exploration methods |
| DE3742147A1 (en) * | 1987-12-09 | 1989-06-22 | Prakla Seismos Ag | METHOD FOR DETECTING SEISMIC DATA |
| US5563949A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1996-10-08 | Amoco Corporation | Method of seismic signal processing and exploration |
| US5930730A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1999-07-27 | Amoco Corporation | Method and apparatus for seismic signal processing and exploration |
| FR2729766A1 (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1996-07-26 | Elf Aquitaine | METHOD FOR EXPLORING A COMPLEX TECTONIC ENVIRONMENT |
| US5586082A (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1996-12-17 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Method for identifying subsurface fluid migration and drainage pathways in and among oil and gas reservoirs using 3-D and 4-D seismic imaging |
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1997
- 1997-06-27 FR FR9708115A patent/FR2765344B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1998
- 1998-06-24 EP EP98933701A patent/EP0922237A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-06-24 WO PCT/FR1998/001329 patent/WO1999000678A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-24 CA CA 2262414 patent/CA2262414A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-24 EA EA199900172A patent/EA199900172A1/en unknown
- 1998-06-24 BR BR9806230A patent/BR9806230A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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1999
- 1999-02-02 NO NO990478A patent/NO990478L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-26 OA OA9900041A patent/OA10982A/en unknown
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2765344A1 (en) | 1998-12-31 |
| NO990478L (en) | 1999-04-16 |
| EP0922237A1 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
| EA199900172A1 (en) | 1999-08-26 |
| WO1999000678A1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
| FR2765344B1 (en) | 1999-07-30 |
| NO990478D0 (en) | 1999-02-02 |
| BR9806230A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| OA10982A (en) | 2003-03-04 |
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