CA2260083C - Radiant system in accumulators and resultant product - Google Patents
Radiant system in accumulators and resultant product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2260083C CA2260083C CA002260083A CA2260083A CA2260083C CA 2260083 C CA2260083 C CA 2260083C CA 002260083 A CA002260083 A CA 002260083A CA 2260083 A CA2260083 A CA 2260083A CA 2260083 C CA2260083 C CA 2260083C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- accumulators
- plates
- positive
- negative
- resultant product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/927—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Superconductor Devices And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Patent of Invention "RADIANT SYSTEM IN ACCUMULATORS AND
RESULTANT PRODUCT", objectifying the optimization of energy's generation, storage and use, allowing the reduction of costs through ultra-fast recharges, using pulsating processes that cause high-frequency radiations, through tensions higher than the ones currently used, without losses in the characteristics of electricity's conventional use, allowing greater facilities for its use.
The present Patent of Invention allows the ultra-fast recharge of accumulators and or capacitors, adding several pairs of conducting branch lines with adequate insulation, to proceed the recharging of the accumulators and or capacitors by means of radiant effect through the lower part of the plates, by the pulsating tension that causes a high-frequency radiation, feeding the plates preferentially in the sequence from the plates in the extremities to the ones in the centers, acting simultaneously on all the cells, totally independent from the conventional system, which is preserved for the discharge of the accumulators and or capacitors through the upper part of the plates, using the terminals that are currently used.
RESULTANT PRODUCT", objectifying the optimization of energy's generation, storage and use, allowing the reduction of costs through ultra-fast recharges, using pulsating processes that cause high-frequency radiations, through tensions higher than the ones currently used, without losses in the characteristics of electricity's conventional use, allowing greater facilities for its use.
The present Patent of Invention allows the ultra-fast recharge of accumulators and or capacitors, adding several pairs of conducting branch lines with adequate insulation, to proceed the recharging of the accumulators and or capacitors by means of radiant effect through the lower part of the plates, by the pulsating tension that causes a high-frequency radiation, feeding the plates preferentially in the sequence from the plates in the extremities to the ones in the centers, acting simultaneously on all the cells, totally independent from the conventional system, which is preserved for the discharge of the accumulators and or capacitors through the upper part of the plates, using the terminals that are currently used.
Description
RADIANT SYSTEM IN ACCUMULATORS AND RESULTANT PRODUCT
The present Patent of Invention reports to a system for the automatic recharge in accumulators and or capacitors, in order to optimize the generation, storage and usage of energy, allowing costs reductions through ultra fast recharging cycles by pulsing process that generates high frequency radiation, through superior tensions that are used on the actual recharging cycles, with no prejudice on the actual usage of electricity, allowing than facilities on its applications.
The purpose of accumulators and or capacitors is to maintain, even though transitory, a determinate electromotive force , between the two terminals of one electric charge to be fed. For energy recharging, the circuits have two impedances : the internal, from the self accumulator and or capacitor and the one due to the recharging equipment, here reported for illustrative objectives for the lead-acid accumulator, that is the most common used. From this point on, in this report, we will entitle the accumulator and or capacitor using only the word accumulator.
The actual systems used on accumulators recharging do not use the effects due the corpuscular radiation properties, that allows better efficiency on the transference of power in one circuit with the same impedance, neither the constructive principles described as follows, so, restricted to equipment that stay long periods of time for recharging of slow charge rates, due the limitations of the adopted systems. The accumulators on use today operate when charging and discharging cycles on the same energetic being, by only one pair of gals the electric current is spread on all the plates simultaneously, showing higher impedance to the current passage and others inconveniences that limits the minimum time for fast recharging cycle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A radiant system in accumulators and a resultant product objectifying optimization of energy's generation, storage and use, allowing the reduction of costs through ultra-fast recharges, using pulsating processes that cause high-frequency radiations, through tensions higher than ones currently used, without losses in the characteristics of electricity's conventional use, allowing greater facilities for its use. The system allows the ultra-fast recharge of accumulators and or capacitors, adding several pairs of conducting branch lines with adequate insulation, to proceed z the recharging of the accumulators and or capacitors by a radiant effect through the lower part of the plates, by the pulsating tensiow that causes a high-frequency radiation, feeding the plates preferentially in the sequence from the plates in the extremities to the ones in the centers, acting simultaneously on all the cells, totally i~idependent from the conventional system, which is preserved for the discharge of the accumulators and or capacitors through the upper part of the plates, using the terminals that are currently used.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be further understood from the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention and accompanying drawings in which:
Figare 1 is a graphic showing the photoelectric effect, the Com~pton effect and the Production of Pairs, that covers the scattering or absorption of the radiation by matter.
Figures 2A, 2B and 2C shows a shows a generic accumulator, o.g. teed-acid battery with six cells with serial connection and a nominal tension of 12V according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 shows the connections used for one cell according to an embodiment of the invention..
DBTAILED DESCRIPTION
T6e "RADIANT SYSTEM IN ACCUMULATORS AND RESULTANT PRODUCT" of the present Patent of Invention, adopts a cyclic process, operating with two accumulators in parallel regime of charging and discharging, or it means that, when one of the two accumulators supplies energy for the system, the other receives the charge and vice versa.
The accumulators use preferentially several pairs of conductors branch lines with adequate isolation, plugged preferentially on the center of the inferiors edges of the plates to proceed the automatic charging or the self supported operation on the accumulators of high frequency radiant effect activated by the inferior border of the plates through continuous current used by the system, originated by the cyclic pulsation of the operational tension preferentially superior of the usual tensions adopted on the usual system, energizing the plates, in the case of more than one pair by cell, preferentially by ZA
sequence, on the way of the pairs from the plates from the borders to the center, acting simultaneously on all the cells, independent of the actual system, that is preserved for the service of cyclic discharges on the accumulators by the superior part of the plates, through terminals used nowadays, preferentially symmetrical, it means, in the center of the superior borders of the plates at normal tension, that are characteristics obtained by the potential of the material of the pairs of el~trodes used on the plates, and the number of cells that constitutes the accumulator and the manner that are associated the cells in serial or parallel connection.
At the present Patent of Invention were developed new elements, based on the process that adopt corpuscular properties of radiation, for the transference of electric charges with more facility, speed and efficiency, through of radiation iterating with the matter based on the Quantum Physics, particularly on the Theory elaborated by Albert Einstein in 1905 about the photoelectric effect, on the atomic model by Niels l3ohr in 1913, as well as on the Quantum studies of the multielectronic atoms made by Douglas Hattree and collaborators, started since 1928 up to nowadays. The charge transference is done through a completely new radiant process that is obtained by, transferring on each half cycle, plates of one of the sets of the accumulator as a inductor, of inverse polarization, of the output of the other accumulator associated in parallel and vice versa, through a system controlled by electronic circuits designed for this purpose, developed with well known components and dedicated software, transforming itself in a logic monitor and totally safe.
During the transfer of charges of inside the accumulator, the electric current should locate preferentially on the data recommended by the accumulator supplier, but, with efficiency incremented by the radiant effects of the photons of the electromagnetic iterations of the electrons, obtained through a pulsing voltage preferentially over 12,1 Volts at the specific case of the lead acid accumulator, as well as on the transmission Hideki Yukawa in 1935 partially checked by Carl David Anderson in 1937 and finally discovered by Cecil Frank Powell in 1947;
the mesons and the start of tho particles physics.
In order to make the comprehension easier of the process where the radiation interacts with the matter, the photoelectric effect, the Compton~ effect and the Production of Pairs, that covers the scattering or absorption of the radiation by the matter,'is shown an the graph of figure 1/3. In order to make the comprehension easier of the constructive method adopted at the radiant system, subject of this Patent of Invention, are shown of figures 2/3 and 3/3, that are shown only as reference and not restrictive to the final shape of the invention.
On the graphic of figure 1/3, are shown the cross section measured for an atom of the g2Pb as a function of the energy of the photon by aE = Scattering cross section (cm2) 6F = Photoelectric cross section (cm2) 6P = Production of Pairs cross section (cmz) aT = Total cross section (cm2) 6T = 6E + aF + 6P
The scattering cross section indicates the probability of the scattering occur or by the Thomson Process or by the Compton Process. In the case of the lead that has a high atomic number and so, electrons with strong connection , when the energy of the photon is lower than 1 OS eV, the Quantum results confound with the classical results and the Thomson t s scattering is dominant. The discontinuity of the Photoelectric cross section occur at the binding energy of the different electrons of the atom; when by decreases bellow the binding energy of a specific atom, the photoelectric process involving this electron is impossible.
The Production of Pairs cross section grows from zero when by pass over the limit energy 2m4,cz necessary to materialize one pair. The total cross section of the figure specifies the 2o probability of photon having any kind of iteration with an atom. We can note on the figure that the intervals of energy of where each one of the three process gives the most important contribution for the total cross section a'r for the Lead are approximately Photoelectric effect : by < 5 x 105 eV
Scattering : 5 x 105 eV < by < 5 x 10~ eV
25 Production of pairs : 5 x 106 eV < by The Quantum models developed allows to determinate with a reasonable precision approach, the minimum energies for an ultraviolet photon or x ray photon being absorbed on several layers of the atom by photoelectric effect. Using the following rough description of the results from Hartree's Theory to estimate the excitation energy - -1210 e4 ~ _Zn - Eb Zn (4~ so) 2 fi~ ( n ) ~ n Where:
Atom excitation energy E -Electron rest mass m~ = 9,109 x I 0-3' kg Electron charge a = 1,602 x 10~'y C
Coulomb's law constant I / 4 ~t s o - g,9gg x I 0~ Nmz/ CZ
Planck's constant h = h / 2 ~ = 1,055 x 10-34Js Bohr's energy E~ = 2,17 x 10-'g J = 13,6 eV
For the lead atom, chosen only as a reference and not restrictive, we have the following distribution of electrons on the layers Element Z Simbol K L M N O P
Lead 82 Pb 2 8 18 32 18 4 Following, after tabling the theoretical estimating of by energy from the incident photon, for producing a hole on each of the two firsts and the last layer more crowded external, at the fizdamental state of the lead atom, where Z~ is the effective Z for the layer and E* (eV) experimental value related to Fermi's level n Layer Zn E (eV) E* (eV) 6 P 6 13,6 18, I
What, inside the available scientific literature, and from the adopted energies on the forecasted system, very bellow 5 x 105 eV, demonstrates that the process where radiation is iterating with the lead from the accumulator plates, shown at this Patent of Invention, is predominately photoelectric.
Generalizing, it is important to mention that for other accumulators with electrodes made with materials of other chemical elements, with atomic number lower than 82, the 2o minimum energies for a photon being absorbed by photoelectric effect in one of the corresponding absorption boards are much lower.
On figure 2/3, consider the three view as being a generic accumulator, but, for elucidative purpose, the mostly common accumulator of the industry was adopted, that is, a lead-acid battery with six cells with serial connection and a nominal tension of 12V, constituted by the common elements used (1) Celt or vase, at this particular case in number of six (2) Case or frame of the accumulator -(3) Crossbar or bars for cells interconnection (4) Air vent, not necessary for the armoured configuration 5 (5) Terminal or positive pole (6) Terminal or negative pole (7) Appropriate carton sheet The present Patent of Invention uses preferentially two groups of accumulators in a parallel connection having each of them, one or more accumulators in a serial connection, o because the efficacy of the system is proportional of the operational voltage, adding to the conventional accumulators, preferentially "2n' polarized terminals, being half of the terminals with positive polarization (8) and the other half of negative polarization (9) to serve preferentially "4n" conductors branch lines, being the positive conductors lines (10) and the negative conductors lines ( 11 ), adopting one branch conductor line for each positive ~5 plate (12) and other for the negative plate (13). The inferior borders of the positive conductors (10) and from the negative conductors (11), that are appropriately isolated for operation in aggressive electrolytes, are connected preferentially as close as possible of the center of the inferior borders of each positive plate (12) and each negative plate (13) of the accumulator, than, at this illustration, are "2n"conductors branch lines of positive 2o polarization and "2n" lines of negative polarization (l I) . The superior borders of the conductors branch lines ( 10) and ( 11 ) are symmetric connected to the correspondent polarized terminals (8) and (9). The number of positive polarized terminals (8) and negative polarized terminals (9) is directly related to the electrical conductivity of the adopted materials, the accumulator capacity, the number and dimensions of the plates and to the cell 25 heating ( 1 ), caused by the impedance of the circuits that serve the electrodes, forcing then, that the transmission of the radiant energy occur in a orientated sequential way in all the cells. The practice, starts using preferentially the number of negative plates (13), of lead identical to the number of positive plates (12), of lead peroxide Pb02, The system is cellular and sequential, because the terminals of positive polarization (8) and the terminals of 3o negative polarization (9) where the cells plates (1) are excited through the electrical fteld, are linked between the cells, preferentially in a parallel connection, receiving and transmitting radiant energy through the conductors branch lines on all the cells ( 1 ) simultaneously, but, with a random distribution of cyclical way in the time and sequential way in the space, because each of the terminals of positive polarization (8) and each terminal of negative polarization (9) energizes preferentially two positive conductors branch lines ( 10) and two negative conductors branch lines ( I 1 ), neighbors lines, that serve the respective positive (12) and negative (I3) plates in strategic pre-defined regions to guarantee the optimization of the homogeneity of the thermodynamic effects on the cells.
At figure 3/3 is shown only the plan of junctions for one cell ( 1 ) for the excited recharging through radiant energy, ultra fast of high power, through the terminals of positive polarization (8), pictorially represented in a darker color and the negative polarization terminals (9) in a lighter color, that feed respectively the positive branch lines ( 10) in darker lines and the negative branch lines ( 11 ) in dotted lines, that cause the radiant energy on the positive plates (12) and negative plates (13) activated by the respective inferior borders, that are separated by an appropriate canon sheet (7). The energization order of the illustrated polarized terminals is symmetric, with the positive polarization 1 s terminals in a clockwise sequence and the negative polarization terminals in the opposite way, or vice versa, but with a synchronized symmetry random starting in any pair. At the particular case of this illustration with a lead acid accumulator preferentially adopting plates with a smaller thickness and small quantities of electrolytes in solutions with HzS04 concentrations, that could be different from the usual, allowing the usage of additives like 2o salts, preferentially Na2S04, for increasing the speed of the reactions through a primary saline effect, that spreads to all the ionic species present on the solution and not only the reactive ions; so with plain charges densities, that could be different of 1,26 g/cm3, depending on the objective to attend : a faster recharging or a longer life to the accumulator.
25 The "RADIANT SYSTEM IN ACCUMULATORS AND RESULTANT
PRODUCT"; revolutionizes by a totally new process the energy generators systems and the process of recharging accumulators making the charges available through radiant energy by a new process of high energetic ef~lciency by higher tensions than the used on the actual recharges, in distinct cells, in a pre-defined sequence, optimizing the temperature 3o gradients and allowing to make ultra fast charges on accumulators.
The present Patent of Invention reports to a system for the automatic recharge in accumulators and or capacitors, in order to optimize the generation, storage and usage of energy, allowing costs reductions through ultra fast recharging cycles by pulsing process that generates high frequency radiation, through superior tensions that are used on the actual recharging cycles, with no prejudice on the actual usage of electricity, allowing than facilities on its applications.
The purpose of accumulators and or capacitors is to maintain, even though transitory, a determinate electromotive force , between the two terminals of one electric charge to be fed. For energy recharging, the circuits have two impedances : the internal, from the self accumulator and or capacitor and the one due to the recharging equipment, here reported for illustrative objectives for the lead-acid accumulator, that is the most common used. From this point on, in this report, we will entitle the accumulator and or capacitor using only the word accumulator.
The actual systems used on accumulators recharging do not use the effects due the corpuscular radiation properties, that allows better efficiency on the transference of power in one circuit with the same impedance, neither the constructive principles described as follows, so, restricted to equipment that stay long periods of time for recharging of slow charge rates, due the limitations of the adopted systems. The accumulators on use today operate when charging and discharging cycles on the same energetic being, by only one pair of gals the electric current is spread on all the plates simultaneously, showing higher impedance to the current passage and others inconveniences that limits the minimum time for fast recharging cycle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A radiant system in accumulators and a resultant product objectifying optimization of energy's generation, storage and use, allowing the reduction of costs through ultra-fast recharges, using pulsating processes that cause high-frequency radiations, through tensions higher than ones currently used, without losses in the characteristics of electricity's conventional use, allowing greater facilities for its use. The system allows the ultra-fast recharge of accumulators and or capacitors, adding several pairs of conducting branch lines with adequate insulation, to proceed z the recharging of the accumulators and or capacitors by a radiant effect through the lower part of the plates, by the pulsating tensiow that causes a high-frequency radiation, feeding the plates preferentially in the sequence from the plates in the extremities to the ones in the centers, acting simultaneously on all the cells, totally i~idependent from the conventional system, which is preserved for the discharge of the accumulators and or capacitors through the upper part of the plates, using the terminals that are currently used.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be further understood from the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention and accompanying drawings in which:
Figare 1 is a graphic showing the photoelectric effect, the Com~pton effect and the Production of Pairs, that covers the scattering or absorption of the radiation by matter.
Figures 2A, 2B and 2C shows a shows a generic accumulator, o.g. teed-acid battery with six cells with serial connection and a nominal tension of 12V according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 shows the connections used for one cell according to an embodiment of the invention..
DBTAILED DESCRIPTION
T6e "RADIANT SYSTEM IN ACCUMULATORS AND RESULTANT PRODUCT" of the present Patent of Invention, adopts a cyclic process, operating with two accumulators in parallel regime of charging and discharging, or it means that, when one of the two accumulators supplies energy for the system, the other receives the charge and vice versa.
The accumulators use preferentially several pairs of conductors branch lines with adequate isolation, plugged preferentially on the center of the inferiors edges of the plates to proceed the automatic charging or the self supported operation on the accumulators of high frequency radiant effect activated by the inferior border of the plates through continuous current used by the system, originated by the cyclic pulsation of the operational tension preferentially superior of the usual tensions adopted on the usual system, energizing the plates, in the case of more than one pair by cell, preferentially by ZA
sequence, on the way of the pairs from the plates from the borders to the center, acting simultaneously on all the cells, independent of the actual system, that is preserved for the service of cyclic discharges on the accumulators by the superior part of the plates, through terminals used nowadays, preferentially symmetrical, it means, in the center of the superior borders of the plates at normal tension, that are characteristics obtained by the potential of the material of the pairs of el~trodes used on the plates, and the number of cells that constitutes the accumulator and the manner that are associated the cells in serial or parallel connection.
At the present Patent of Invention were developed new elements, based on the process that adopt corpuscular properties of radiation, for the transference of electric charges with more facility, speed and efficiency, through of radiation iterating with the matter based on the Quantum Physics, particularly on the Theory elaborated by Albert Einstein in 1905 about the photoelectric effect, on the atomic model by Niels l3ohr in 1913, as well as on the Quantum studies of the multielectronic atoms made by Douglas Hattree and collaborators, started since 1928 up to nowadays. The charge transference is done through a completely new radiant process that is obtained by, transferring on each half cycle, plates of one of the sets of the accumulator as a inductor, of inverse polarization, of the output of the other accumulator associated in parallel and vice versa, through a system controlled by electronic circuits designed for this purpose, developed with well known components and dedicated software, transforming itself in a logic monitor and totally safe.
During the transfer of charges of inside the accumulator, the electric current should locate preferentially on the data recommended by the accumulator supplier, but, with efficiency incremented by the radiant effects of the photons of the electromagnetic iterations of the electrons, obtained through a pulsing voltage preferentially over 12,1 Volts at the specific case of the lead acid accumulator, as well as on the transmission Hideki Yukawa in 1935 partially checked by Carl David Anderson in 1937 and finally discovered by Cecil Frank Powell in 1947;
the mesons and the start of tho particles physics.
In order to make the comprehension easier of the process where the radiation interacts with the matter, the photoelectric effect, the Compton~ effect and the Production of Pairs, that covers the scattering or absorption of the radiation by the matter,'is shown an the graph of figure 1/3. In order to make the comprehension easier of the constructive method adopted at the radiant system, subject of this Patent of Invention, are shown of figures 2/3 and 3/3, that are shown only as reference and not restrictive to the final shape of the invention.
On the graphic of figure 1/3, are shown the cross section measured for an atom of the g2Pb as a function of the energy of the photon by aE = Scattering cross section (cm2) 6F = Photoelectric cross section (cm2) 6P = Production of Pairs cross section (cmz) aT = Total cross section (cm2) 6T = 6E + aF + 6P
The scattering cross section indicates the probability of the scattering occur or by the Thomson Process or by the Compton Process. In the case of the lead that has a high atomic number and so, electrons with strong connection , when the energy of the photon is lower than 1 OS eV, the Quantum results confound with the classical results and the Thomson t s scattering is dominant. The discontinuity of the Photoelectric cross section occur at the binding energy of the different electrons of the atom; when by decreases bellow the binding energy of a specific atom, the photoelectric process involving this electron is impossible.
The Production of Pairs cross section grows from zero when by pass over the limit energy 2m4,cz necessary to materialize one pair. The total cross section of the figure specifies the 2o probability of photon having any kind of iteration with an atom. We can note on the figure that the intervals of energy of where each one of the three process gives the most important contribution for the total cross section a'r for the Lead are approximately Photoelectric effect : by < 5 x 105 eV
Scattering : 5 x 105 eV < by < 5 x 10~ eV
25 Production of pairs : 5 x 106 eV < by The Quantum models developed allows to determinate with a reasonable precision approach, the minimum energies for an ultraviolet photon or x ray photon being absorbed on several layers of the atom by photoelectric effect. Using the following rough description of the results from Hartree's Theory to estimate the excitation energy - -1210 e4 ~ _Zn - Eb Zn (4~ so) 2 fi~ ( n ) ~ n Where:
Atom excitation energy E -Electron rest mass m~ = 9,109 x I 0-3' kg Electron charge a = 1,602 x 10~'y C
Coulomb's law constant I / 4 ~t s o - g,9gg x I 0~ Nmz/ CZ
Planck's constant h = h / 2 ~ = 1,055 x 10-34Js Bohr's energy E~ = 2,17 x 10-'g J = 13,6 eV
For the lead atom, chosen only as a reference and not restrictive, we have the following distribution of electrons on the layers Element Z Simbol K L M N O P
Lead 82 Pb 2 8 18 32 18 4 Following, after tabling the theoretical estimating of by energy from the incident photon, for producing a hole on each of the two firsts and the last layer more crowded external, at the fizdamental state of the lead atom, where Z~ is the effective Z for the layer and E* (eV) experimental value related to Fermi's level n Layer Zn E (eV) E* (eV) 6 P 6 13,6 18, I
What, inside the available scientific literature, and from the adopted energies on the forecasted system, very bellow 5 x 105 eV, demonstrates that the process where radiation is iterating with the lead from the accumulator plates, shown at this Patent of Invention, is predominately photoelectric.
Generalizing, it is important to mention that for other accumulators with electrodes made with materials of other chemical elements, with atomic number lower than 82, the 2o minimum energies for a photon being absorbed by photoelectric effect in one of the corresponding absorption boards are much lower.
On figure 2/3, consider the three view as being a generic accumulator, but, for elucidative purpose, the mostly common accumulator of the industry was adopted, that is, a lead-acid battery with six cells with serial connection and a nominal tension of 12V, constituted by the common elements used (1) Celt or vase, at this particular case in number of six (2) Case or frame of the accumulator -(3) Crossbar or bars for cells interconnection (4) Air vent, not necessary for the armoured configuration 5 (5) Terminal or positive pole (6) Terminal or negative pole (7) Appropriate carton sheet The present Patent of Invention uses preferentially two groups of accumulators in a parallel connection having each of them, one or more accumulators in a serial connection, o because the efficacy of the system is proportional of the operational voltage, adding to the conventional accumulators, preferentially "2n' polarized terminals, being half of the terminals with positive polarization (8) and the other half of negative polarization (9) to serve preferentially "4n" conductors branch lines, being the positive conductors lines (10) and the negative conductors lines ( 11 ), adopting one branch conductor line for each positive ~5 plate (12) and other for the negative plate (13). The inferior borders of the positive conductors (10) and from the negative conductors (11), that are appropriately isolated for operation in aggressive electrolytes, are connected preferentially as close as possible of the center of the inferior borders of each positive plate (12) and each negative plate (13) of the accumulator, than, at this illustration, are "2n"conductors branch lines of positive 2o polarization and "2n" lines of negative polarization (l I) . The superior borders of the conductors branch lines ( 10) and ( 11 ) are symmetric connected to the correspondent polarized terminals (8) and (9). The number of positive polarized terminals (8) and negative polarized terminals (9) is directly related to the electrical conductivity of the adopted materials, the accumulator capacity, the number and dimensions of the plates and to the cell 25 heating ( 1 ), caused by the impedance of the circuits that serve the electrodes, forcing then, that the transmission of the radiant energy occur in a orientated sequential way in all the cells. The practice, starts using preferentially the number of negative plates (13), of lead identical to the number of positive plates (12), of lead peroxide Pb02, The system is cellular and sequential, because the terminals of positive polarization (8) and the terminals of 3o negative polarization (9) where the cells plates (1) are excited through the electrical fteld, are linked between the cells, preferentially in a parallel connection, receiving and transmitting radiant energy through the conductors branch lines on all the cells ( 1 ) simultaneously, but, with a random distribution of cyclical way in the time and sequential way in the space, because each of the terminals of positive polarization (8) and each terminal of negative polarization (9) energizes preferentially two positive conductors branch lines ( 10) and two negative conductors branch lines ( I 1 ), neighbors lines, that serve the respective positive (12) and negative (I3) plates in strategic pre-defined regions to guarantee the optimization of the homogeneity of the thermodynamic effects on the cells.
At figure 3/3 is shown only the plan of junctions for one cell ( 1 ) for the excited recharging through radiant energy, ultra fast of high power, through the terminals of positive polarization (8), pictorially represented in a darker color and the negative polarization terminals (9) in a lighter color, that feed respectively the positive branch lines ( 10) in darker lines and the negative branch lines ( 11 ) in dotted lines, that cause the radiant energy on the positive plates (12) and negative plates (13) activated by the respective inferior borders, that are separated by an appropriate canon sheet (7). The energization order of the illustrated polarized terminals is symmetric, with the positive polarization 1 s terminals in a clockwise sequence and the negative polarization terminals in the opposite way, or vice versa, but with a synchronized symmetry random starting in any pair. At the particular case of this illustration with a lead acid accumulator preferentially adopting plates with a smaller thickness and small quantities of electrolytes in solutions with HzS04 concentrations, that could be different from the usual, allowing the usage of additives like 2o salts, preferentially Na2S04, for increasing the speed of the reactions through a primary saline effect, that spreads to all the ionic species present on the solution and not only the reactive ions; so with plain charges densities, that could be different of 1,26 g/cm3, depending on the objective to attend : a faster recharging or a longer life to the accumulator.
25 The "RADIANT SYSTEM IN ACCUMULATORS AND RESULTANT
PRODUCT"; revolutionizes by a totally new process the energy generators systems and the process of recharging accumulators making the charges available through radiant energy by a new process of high energetic ef~lciency by higher tensions than the used on the actual recharges, in distinct cells, in a pre-defined sequence, optimizing the temperature 3o gradients and allowing to make ultra fast charges on accumulators.
Claims (8)
1. A radiant system in accumulators and a resultant product therefrom, which entails by transferring charges among the plates of the accumulators and or capacitors, through pulses that stimulate radiation that interacts with matter generating energy through a process mainly photoelectric, caused by the waves of matter of the electron acceleration on positive and negative plates, incorporated to at least two accumulators groups, with 2n polarized terminals, being one half of the terminal with positive polarization and the other half of negative polarization to serve 4n conductors branch lines, being the positive conductors lines and the negative conductors lines, adapting one branch conductor line for each positive plate and other for each negative plate, with the inferior borders of the positive conductors and from the negative conductors connected near the center of the inferior borders of each positive plate and each negative plate of the accumulator, with the superior borders of the conductors branch lines and connected to the correspondent polarized terminal and, resulting on the transmission of the radiant energy in a sequential way orientated in the cells.
2. The radiant system in accumulators and resultant product therefrom according to claim 1, wherein the terminal of positive polarization and the terminals of negative polarization excite the cell plates through the electrical field, leaked between the cells, in a parallel connection, receiving and transmitting radiant energy through the conductor branch lines in all the cells simultaneously, but, with a random distribution of cyclical way in time and sequential way in space, as each of the terminals of positive polarization and each terminal of negative polarization energizes two positive conductors branch lines and two negative branch lines neighbors correspondent, that serve the respective positive and negative plates in strategic pre-defined regions.
3. The radiant system in accumulators and resultant product therefrom, according to claim 1, wherein transferring the charge through a pulsating process in short time intervals in the positive plates and negative plates, from the extremities to the center of the cells.
4. The radiant system in accumulators and resultant product therefrom, according to claim 1, wherein the clockwise energizing of the positive polarized terminals, and counterclockwise for the negative polarized terminals, or vice versa, yet with synchronized symmetry.
5. The radiant system in accumulators and resultant product therefrom, according to claim 1, wherein the use of preferentially thinner plates and solutions with concentrations different than the usual, depending on the result to be obtained: a faster recharge or a longer life for the accumulator.
6. The radiant system in accumulators and resultant product therefrom, according to claim 1, wherein the use of positive plates and negative plates in metallic film under appropriate guards and lower quantity of electrolyte.
7. The radiant system in accumulators and resultant product therefrom, according to claim 1, wherein the use of the pair of plates with the higher ratio between area and perimeter for each geometrical shape used.
8. The radiant system in accumulators and resultant product therefrom, according to claim 1, wherein the association or constitution of accumulators which case has the greater number of cells to operate with higher voltages, obtaining more energy efficiency."
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI9705871-8 | 1997-05-26 | ||
| BR9705871-8A BR9705871C3 (en) | 1997-05-26 | 1997-05-26 | Radiant system in accumulators and resulting product |
| PCT/BR1998/000027 WO1998054816A2 (en) | 1997-05-26 | 1998-05-20 | Radiant system in accumulators and resultant product |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2260083A1 CA2260083A1 (en) | 1998-12-03 |
| CA2260083C true CA2260083C (en) | 2005-11-01 |
Family
ID=4068451
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002260083A Expired - Fee Related CA2260083C (en) | 1997-05-26 | 1998-05-20 | Radiant system in accumulators and resultant product |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6294893B1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1023756A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002502541A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100880010B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1257615A (en) |
| AP (1) | AP9801247A0 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR015823A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE438946T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7900498A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9705871C3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2260083C (en) |
| CO (1) | CO4790122A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19881039T1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA010301B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2337165B (en) |
| PE (1) | PE65799A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW429664B (en) |
| UY (1) | UY25016A1 (en) |
| WO (2) | WO1998054816A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA984460B (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9705871C3 (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 2004-08-10 | Guacemmi Participacoees Societ | Radiant system in accumulators and resulting product |
| JP3837528B2 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2006-10-25 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | Power generation method and battery |
| ES2537534T3 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2015-06-09 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | High performance energy storage devices |
| US7501788B2 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2009-03-10 | Guacemmi Participacoes Societarias, Ltda. | Quantum generator and related devices of energy extraction and conversion |
| US8549149B2 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2013-10-01 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing client-side accelerated access to remote applications via TCP multiplexing |
| CN100391824C (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2008-06-04 | 江苏大学 | Quantum micro-thruster driven by vacuum "zero-point energy" |
| NL1032043C1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2008-01-11 | Arie Melis De Geus | Bi-element pairs evidence an electrical energy difference and are sandwiched with electrets so that negative ends of fixed atomic or molecular di-poles of electrets are in limit range with electro-negative parts of bi-element pairs |
| AR064292A1 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2009-03-25 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | ENHANCED ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE |
| AR067238A1 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2009-10-07 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | OPTIMIZED DEVICES FOR ENERGY STORAGE |
| WO2010122873A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-28 | 古河電池株式会社 | Process for producing negative plate for lead storage battery, and lead storage battery |
| CN102725883B (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2015-08-26 | 联邦科学和工业研究组织 | Electrical storage device and electrode thereof |
| JP5711483B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2015-04-30 | 古河電池株式会社 | Method for producing negative electrode plate of composite capacitor for lead storage battery and lead storage battery |
| JP5797384B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2015-10-21 | 古河電池株式会社 | Composite capacitor negative electrode plate for lead acid battery and lead acid battery |
| JP2012133959A (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2012-07-12 | Furukawa Battery Co Ltd:The | Composite capacitor negative electrode plate for lead storage battery, and lead storage battery |
| CN104427732B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2017-12-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of terminal and its collection electrostatic, the method for charging |
| KR102197245B1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-12-31 | 김종세 | Variable resonance induction system for battery plate |
| CN113176519B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2024-12-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A method for accelerating the life of lithium-ion batteries based on particle irradiation |
| WO2025073030A1 (en) * | 2023-10-06 | 2025-04-10 | Guacemmi Participações Societárias Ltda. | Method for extracting energy from a battery |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3597673A (en) * | 1969-06-26 | 1971-08-03 | Mcculloch Corp | Rapid charging of batteries |
| GB1344069A (en) * | 1970-11-24 | 1974-01-16 | British Railways Board | Electric cells and batteries |
| GB2090484A (en) * | 1980-12-31 | 1982-07-07 | Mars Ltd | Microwave equipment |
| US4829225A (en) * | 1985-10-23 | 1989-05-09 | Electronic Power Devices, Corp. | Rapid battery charger, discharger and conditioner |
| DE3541084A1 (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1987-08-06 | Sven Mielordt | Device or method for generating a varying Casimir-analogous force and liberating usable energy |
| US4787125A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1988-11-29 | Ensci, Inc. | Battery element and battery incorporating doped tin oxide coated substrate |
| US4703989A (en) | 1986-06-13 | 1987-11-03 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Electrical connectors for a liquid sensor |
| GB8625429D0 (en) * | 1986-10-23 | 1986-11-26 | Philp R | Contactless electronic connectors |
| US5264306A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1993-11-23 | Mixon, Inc. | Lead-acid storage cell grid |
| JPH0785847A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sealed alkaline storage battery unit cell and battery system |
| US5803770A (en) | 1994-02-23 | 1998-09-08 | Baxter International Inc. | Connector for electrical cable and method of making |
| US5594320A (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1997-01-14 | Rayovac Corporation | Charge equalization of series connected cells or batteries |
| CN1063592C (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 2001-03-21 | 陈枢 | Superhighspeed universal charger |
| AU1967097A (en) * | 1996-02-27 | 1997-09-16 | Advanced Charger Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for charging a battery |
| BR9705871C3 (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 2004-08-10 | Guacemmi Participacoees Societ | Radiant system in accumulators and resulting product |
| RU2153740C1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-07-27 | Даниленко Игорь Федорович | Electric cell |
| AU5446500A (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2000-12-12 | Fabrizio Pinto | Method and apparatus for energy extraction |
| JP2001023682A (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2001-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sealed lead storage battery |
| DE19952447C1 (en) * | 1999-10-30 | 2001-01-18 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Electrode and electrolyte device providing optical or mechanical effect uses electrode covered by spongy electrically conductive layer impregnated with electrolyte with voltage applied between electrode and electrolyte |
-
1997
- 1997-05-26 BR BR9705871-8A patent/BR9705871C3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-05-20 AU AU79004/98A patent/AU7900498A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-05-20 US US09/230,510 patent/US6294893B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-20 GB GB9901722A patent/GB2337165B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-20 DE DE19881039T patent/DE19881039T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-20 EP EP98929144A patent/EP1023756A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-20 JP JP54972398A patent/JP2002502541A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-20 WO PCT/BR1998/000027 patent/WO1998054816A2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-05-20 CN CN98805434A patent/CN1257615A/en active Pending
- 1998-05-20 CA CA002260083A patent/CA2260083C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-22 AR ARP980102413A patent/AR015823A1/en unknown
- 1998-05-26 CO CO98029460A patent/CO4790122A1/en unknown
- 1998-05-26 AP APAP/P/1998/001247A patent/AP9801247A0/en unknown
- 1998-05-26 ZA ZA984460A patent/ZA984460B/en unknown
- 1998-05-26 UY UY25016A patent/UY25016A1/en unknown
- 1998-05-27 PE PE1998000414A patent/PE65799A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-03 TW TW087108743A patent/TW429664B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-08-10 US US09/925,416 patent/US6509713B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-03-05 AT AT04717728T patent/ATE438946T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-05 WO PCT/IB2004/050206 patent/WO2004077921A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-03-05 EA EA200501431A patent/EA010301B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-05 EP EP04717728A patent/EP1602161B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-05 DE DE602004022387T patent/DE602004022387D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-05 KR KR1020057016650A patent/KR100880010B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2260083C (en) | Radiant system in accumulators and resultant product | |
| US7466536B1 (en) | Utilization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) plastic and composition-modified barium titanate powders in a matrix that allows polarization and the use of integrated-circuit technologies for the production of lightweight ultrahigh electrical energy storage units (EESU) | |
| US10193366B2 (en) | Rapid battery charging | |
| JP2020513675A (en) | Battery cell, battery module, battery pack including the same, and automobile | |
| KR102757548B1 (en) | Devices, systems and methods for suppressing dendrites and roughness of electrochemical structures | |
| Wetz et al. | Electrochemical energy storage devices in pulsed power | |
| WO2012009010A2 (en) | Energy storage device with large charge separation | |
| US3607408A (en) | Dry-charged lead acid storage battery having partially recharged electrodes and method | |
| US3421944A (en) | Pulse battery | |
| JP2009094462A (en) | Solar power supply device and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN105425165A (en) | Storage battery simulation system used for lead-acid storage battery internalized bus type charge and discharge machine testing and aging | |
| Nelson | TMF ultra-high rate discharge performance | |
| Abeywardana et al. | Improved shared transformer cell balancing of Li-ion batteries | |
| AU2021100914A4 (en) | Thermal effect powered electric motor to minimize the power consumption in the electric vehicle | |
| RU153791U1 (en) | MOBILE COMMUNICATION POWER SOURCE | |
| US20250112285A1 (en) | Method for dendrite formation suppression in secondary batteries | |
| Shimoi et al. | Power Grid System Using Decommissioned Drive Lithium-Ion Batteries and Photovoltaic System for Local Production and Consumption of Energy | |
| Bhardwaj | Constant and pulse power capabilities of lead-acid batteries made with thin metal film (TMF®) for different applications | |
| JPH01213967A (en) | Non-continuous circulation type redox battery | |
| CN117439210A (en) | Hybrid battery modules, energy storage systems and power supply methods | |
| CN109818043A (en) | A kind of portable lithium battery | |
| Landi et al. | The Bipolar Nickel Metal Hydride High Energy Army Silent Watch Battery | |
| Cooper et al. | Sealed alkaline batteries for space applications | |
| US20180375152A1 (en) | Production of electrode-free organic battery | |
| Brown | Solid State Isotopic Power Source for Computer Chips |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |