CA2252222A1 - Vaned rotary apparatus - Google Patents
Vaned rotary apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2252222A1 CA2252222A1 CA 2252222 CA2252222A CA2252222A1 CA 2252222 A1 CA2252222 A1 CA 2252222A1 CA 2252222 CA2252222 CA 2252222 CA 2252222 A CA2252222 A CA 2252222A CA 2252222 A1 CA2252222 A1 CA 2252222A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- vanes
- casing
- fluid
- axially spaced
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D13/0646—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the hollow pump or motor shaft being the conduit for the working fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/181—Axial flow rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/186—Shaftless rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
- F04D29/326—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans comprising a rotating shroud
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/38—Blades
- F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Vaned rotary apparatus, which may either be fixed or mounted for rotation, comprises an external casing (11) through which, in use, fluid is constrained to pass, characterised in that a plurality of inwardly-extending vanes (12) are carried by the casing (11), in which the vanes (12) comprise independent pitched elements which are supported only where they are mounted to the casing. Any solid material entrained in the fluid flow is thereby allowed a substantially free or unimpeded passage through the apparatus without becoming caught on the vanes (12). The vanes (12) may be axially spaced apart.
Description
~NED ~OTARY APPARATUS
This invention reiates ~o vaned ro~rv appara~us, ~hat is, appara~us whic:~ may ~e used ei~her ;c create a rc_ary vor~ex in a aucled fluid stream by passage of ~he s-ream over an array of ~cationary ~a~es, to accelerate a fluid by r~tation of ar array of rotary ~anes in the fluid, preferably in a duct, cylinder or other chamber to induce axial .,.~ ~t of the fluid therethrough or to compress the fluid therein downstream of the vanes, or to induce rotational ~~ov~-,t in an array of vanes ~y passage of a flu~d under press~lre throu~h the array.
Vanes for use in ~ach type of rotary apparatus are well known and general;y comprise pitched blades which extend radially from a central core or hub which, in the case of rotary vanes, is rotatably mounted, generally ~ lly in a ~h~mher through which the fluid, which may be liquid or gaseous, passes. In such k~own arrangements, the le~ing edge of the blad~s is ~enerally linear and is disposed normal to the d:rection of fluid flow~ In certain applications wher~ the fluid contains susr~nA~ solids, especially of a filamentary, fibrous or reticular nature, the solids tend to become trapped on, over or around the blades and this may cause a loss in efficiency or smoothness of ope-ation, or total failure of the m~h;ne r~n~ing removal of the off~n~ing ~aterial.
It is an object c~f the present in~ention to pro~ide an arrangement of vanes for use in rotary apparatus of the type described ani which are less prone to becoming host to sslids entrained in the fluid stream. It is another object to reduce turbulence in fluid passing ove_ ~he ~anes.
CA 022~2222 lsss-lo-l~
W097/39244 PcT/Gsg7/01060 Acccrding to an aspect of the present invention, vaned ro~ary apparatus ~as hereinbefore defined) comprises an external casing througn which, in use, -luid ~s constrained to pass, mounted to which are a plurality or inwardly-ext~n~ i n~ vanes, in which the vanes comprise independent pitched elements which are supported only where they are mounted to the casing.
Alt~ough there may be separation between adjacent vanes when viewed axially, there i5 preferably parcial overlap between adjacent ~anes, such that a leA~ing edge portion of one vane will o~scure the trailing edge portion or the next ~ane with ~n axial gap therebetween to allow substantially free or unimpeded passage between the ~anes of solids entrained in the fluid stream. The l~
edges of the vanes are preferably cur~ed to facilitate the movement of especially filamentary or woven materials caught around th_ leading ed~es towards the central region of the array and a central gap ,m.~y be pro~ided between the vanes to facilitate removal of such material from the vanes. "he 1~A~;ng edges are also preferably angled in a downstream direction from the wall of the casing towards the centre thereof, again to facilitate .~.o~dl of materials caught around the leading edge of the vanes.
Con~eniently, the ~anes comprise generally elliptical plane elements, the ~Y;mllm width ~normal to the major axis) being the radius of the casing or slightly less thereof, the roots of which are set in the wall of the casing at an angle to provide the pitch and also to pro~ide the downstream-sloping direction of the leading edges.
A mini mllm of two vanes are required in apparatus CA 022~2222 1998-10-W0971392~ PCT/GB97/010 according ~o ~he invent~on; the m~xi~l1m nu~ber is dependent on operational or runctional requirements but in most applica~ions f our or _-ve vanes would be suf icient, although up to eight vanes may excep~ionally be used.
In order further to improve the ability o~ the apparatus to resist becoming host to materials entrained in the fluid stream, the vanes may be axially spaced apart such that corresponding parts of the vanes are not in the same lateral plane. IL such an arrangement, the leading edge of the most upstream vane is thus axially spaced apart from the le~i ng edge of the next downstream vane and, for optimum entrapment-resistance, the vanes may be spaced such that the leading edge of the next downstream vane is axially spaced from the trailing edge of the vane immediately upstream. ~o mzintain the vortex-generation effect of axially-spaced vanes, the pitch angle of the vanes may be reduced; that is, the ~anes may have a shallower angle to a lateral plane ~han is the case with apparatus where the ~anes are co-planar.
Apparatus accordir1s to the invention may find application in a stationary embodiment in for example suction cleaners which operate by creation of a vortex in dirt-laden air whereby the dirt p~rticulates are subject to centrifugal forcec; and are precipitated into a collection chamber as they lose energy. Alternatively, in a rotating embodim~nt the casing may be rotationally mounted and driven to create a moving airflow through the casin~. In anot:her rotational embodiment as in the turbine, the casing may be rotationally dri~en by passing a moving airflow through the casina and o~er the vanes.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way CA 022~2222 lsss-lo-l~
W097/392~ pcTlGs97tolo6o of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, Ot which:
Figure 1 is a~ axial view showing apparatus havlng three ~anes, sulta~le fcr use in a suction or vacuum cleaner;
Figure 2 is a persDecti~e view of the apparatus of Figure l;
Fi~ure 3 is an c-xial ~iew of apparatus having three axially spaced vanes; and Figure 4 is a side view of the apparatus or Figure 3.
Referring to Figure 1, the apparatus includes an annular housing 11 suitable for incorporation in a vacuum clea~er or other m~ch;ne which requires the generation of a ~ortical airflow. Three ~anes 12 extend from the wall of the housing into .he lumen of the duct thereby defined.
Each ~ane is formed from a planar sheet material and has a aenerally elliptical or eyelid shape. The vanes are mounted at an angle so that the leading edges 13 partially overla~ the trailing edges 14. A sm~ll triangular aperture 15 is defined at the centre; none of the vanes makes p:lysical contact with the others.
As more clearly snown in Figure 2, an axial aperture 16 is defined between the 1~A~; ng edge 13 of any one vane a~d the trailing edge 14 of the adjacent vane. The lines 17 show the angled mounting position of t~e roots of the ~anes in the wall of the housing.
In use in a dirt-laden air stream, dirt particles or fragments either impinge on the sloping upper surface of the vanes 12 and are deflected through one of the gaps 16 or, ~ypically in he case of filamentary material, are ~rged by the airf'ow on either side of the leading edge 13 of the vanes and are blown therealong until they pass through the gap 1~, after which they become separated from the trailing edge 14 of the vane.
As shown in Figures 3 and g, an arrangement of axially spaced apart vanes is viewed respectively axially and from the side. The most upstream vane is labelled 31 with the le~i n~ edge root labelled 32i the next downstream is la~elled 33 with the le~in~ ed~e rot thereof labelled 34 and the most downstream ~ane is labelled 35 with ~he le~;ng edge root thereof labelled 36. As seen from Figure 3 there is a slight overlapping of the vanes in the centr~1 axial region 37 but, as seen from Figure 4, the vanes are axially spaced apart, the spacing between the respective le~i ng edges 34 and 36 and the trailing edges of the vane next upstream being equivalent to the longit~;nAl pitch of the vanes.
A pitch angle of less than 45~ is preferred in most applications; a F~itCh angle of 30~ may ~or example be used with apparatus having three vanes or 20~ with apparatus having four vanes, or with apparatus having axially spaced-apart vanes as shown by way of example in Figures 3 and 4.
This invention reiates ~o vaned ro~rv appara~us, ~hat is, appara~us whic:~ may ~e used ei~her ;c create a rc_ary vor~ex in a aucled fluid stream by passage of ~he s-ream over an array of ~cationary ~a~es, to accelerate a fluid by r~tation of ar array of rotary ~anes in the fluid, preferably in a duct, cylinder or other chamber to induce axial .,.~ ~t of the fluid therethrough or to compress the fluid therein downstream of the vanes, or to induce rotational ~~ov~-,t in an array of vanes ~y passage of a flu~d under press~lre throu~h the array.
Vanes for use in ~ach type of rotary apparatus are well known and general;y comprise pitched blades which extend radially from a central core or hub which, in the case of rotary vanes, is rotatably mounted, generally ~ lly in a ~h~mher through which the fluid, which may be liquid or gaseous, passes. In such k~own arrangements, the le~ing edge of the blad~s is ~enerally linear and is disposed normal to the d:rection of fluid flow~ In certain applications wher~ the fluid contains susr~nA~ solids, especially of a filamentary, fibrous or reticular nature, the solids tend to become trapped on, over or around the blades and this may cause a loss in efficiency or smoothness of ope-ation, or total failure of the m~h;ne r~n~ing removal of the off~n~ing ~aterial.
It is an object c~f the present in~ention to pro~ide an arrangement of vanes for use in rotary apparatus of the type described ani which are less prone to becoming host to sslids entrained in the fluid stream. It is another object to reduce turbulence in fluid passing ove_ ~he ~anes.
CA 022~2222 lsss-lo-l~
W097/39244 PcT/Gsg7/01060 Acccrding to an aspect of the present invention, vaned ro~ary apparatus ~as hereinbefore defined) comprises an external casing througn which, in use, -luid ~s constrained to pass, mounted to which are a plurality or inwardly-ext~n~ i n~ vanes, in which the vanes comprise independent pitched elements which are supported only where they are mounted to the casing.
Alt~ough there may be separation between adjacent vanes when viewed axially, there i5 preferably parcial overlap between adjacent ~anes, such that a leA~ing edge portion of one vane will o~scure the trailing edge portion or the next ~ane with ~n axial gap therebetween to allow substantially free or unimpeded passage between the ~anes of solids entrained in the fluid stream. The l~
edges of the vanes are preferably cur~ed to facilitate the movement of especially filamentary or woven materials caught around th_ leading ed~es towards the central region of the array and a central gap ,m.~y be pro~ided between the vanes to facilitate removal of such material from the vanes. "he 1~A~;ng edges are also preferably angled in a downstream direction from the wall of the casing towards the centre thereof, again to facilitate .~.o~dl of materials caught around the leading edge of the vanes.
Con~eniently, the ~anes comprise generally elliptical plane elements, the ~Y;mllm width ~normal to the major axis) being the radius of the casing or slightly less thereof, the roots of which are set in the wall of the casing at an angle to provide the pitch and also to pro~ide the downstream-sloping direction of the leading edges.
A mini mllm of two vanes are required in apparatus CA 022~2222 1998-10-W0971392~ PCT/GB97/010 according ~o ~he invent~on; the m~xi~l1m nu~ber is dependent on operational or runctional requirements but in most applica~ions f our or _-ve vanes would be suf icient, although up to eight vanes may excep~ionally be used.
In order further to improve the ability o~ the apparatus to resist becoming host to materials entrained in the fluid stream, the vanes may be axially spaced apart such that corresponding parts of the vanes are not in the same lateral plane. IL such an arrangement, the leading edge of the most upstream vane is thus axially spaced apart from the le~i ng edge of the next downstream vane and, for optimum entrapment-resistance, the vanes may be spaced such that the leading edge of the next downstream vane is axially spaced from the trailing edge of the vane immediately upstream. ~o mzintain the vortex-generation effect of axially-spaced vanes, the pitch angle of the vanes may be reduced; that is, the ~anes may have a shallower angle to a lateral plane ~han is the case with apparatus where the ~anes are co-planar.
Apparatus accordir1s to the invention may find application in a stationary embodiment in for example suction cleaners which operate by creation of a vortex in dirt-laden air whereby the dirt p~rticulates are subject to centrifugal forcec; and are precipitated into a collection chamber as they lose energy. Alternatively, in a rotating embodim~nt the casing may be rotationally mounted and driven to create a moving airflow through the casin~. In anot:her rotational embodiment as in the turbine, the casing may be rotationally dri~en by passing a moving airflow through the casina and o~er the vanes.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way CA 022~2222 lsss-lo-l~
W097/392~ pcTlGs97tolo6o of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, Ot which:
Figure 1 is a~ axial view showing apparatus havlng three ~anes, sulta~le fcr use in a suction or vacuum cleaner;
Figure 2 is a persDecti~e view of the apparatus of Figure l;
Fi~ure 3 is an c-xial ~iew of apparatus having three axially spaced vanes; and Figure 4 is a side view of the apparatus or Figure 3.
Referring to Figure 1, the apparatus includes an annular housing 11 suitable for incorporation in a vacuum clea~er or other m~ch;ne which requires the generation of a ~ortical airflow. Three ~anes 12 extend from the wall of the housing into .he lumen of the duct thereby defined.
Each ~ane is formed from a planar sheet material and has a aenerally elliptical or eyelid shape. The vanes are mounted at an angle so that the leading edges 13 partially overla~ the trailing edges 14. A sm~ll triangular aperture 15 is defined at the centre; none of the vanes makes p:lysical contact with the others.
As more clearly snown in Figure 2, an axial aperture 16 is defined between the 1~A~; ng edge 13 of any one vane a~d the trailing edge 14 of the adjacent vane. The lines 17 show the angled mounting position of t~e roots of the ~anes in the wall of the housing.
In use in a dirt-laden air stream, dirt particles or fragments either impinge on the sloping upper surface of the vanes 12 and are deflected through one of the gaps 16 or, ~ypically in he case of filamentary material, are ~rged by the airf'ow on either side of the leading edge 13 of the vanes and are blown therealong until they pass through the gap 1~, after which they become separated from the trailing edge 14 of the vane.
As shown in Figures 3 and g, an arrangement of axially spaced apart vanes is viewed respectively axially and from the side. The most upstream vane is labelled 31 with the le~i n~ edge root labelled 32i the next downstream is la~elled 33 with the le~in~ ed~e rot thereof labelled 34 and the most downstream ~ane is labelled 35 with ~he le~;ng edge root thereof labelled 36. As seen from Figure 3 there is a slight overlapping of the vanes in the centr~1 axial region 37 but, as seen from Figure 4, the vanes are axially spaced apart, the spacing between the respective le~i ng edges 34 and 36 and the trailing edges of the vane next upstream being equivalent to the longit~;nAl pitch of the vanes.
A pitch angle of less than 45~ is preferred in most applications; a F~itCh angle of 30~ may ~or example be used with apparatus having three vanes or 20~ with apparatus having four vanes, or with apparatus having axially spaced-apart vanes as shown by way of example in Figures 3 and 4.
Claims (10)
1. Apparatus for creating a rotary vortex in a ducted fluid stream, the apparatus comprising a stationary external casing through which, in use, fluid is constrained to pass, a plurality of inwardly-extending vanes being carried by the casing, characterised in that the vanes comprise independent pitched elements which are supported only where they are mounted to the casing.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which there is a partial overlap between adjacent vanes when viewed axially.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the leading edges of the vanes are curved.
4. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which a central gap is provided between the vanes.
5. Apparatus according to any preceding claims, in which the leading edges of the vanes are angled in a downstream direction from the wall of the casing towards the centre thereof.
6. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the vanes comprise generally elliptical plane elements, the roots of which are set in the wall of the casing at an angle.
7. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the vanes have a pitch angle of 45° or less.
8. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the vanes are axially spaced apart such that corresponding parts of the vanes are in different lateral planes.
9. Apparatus according to claim 8, in which the vanes have a pitch angle of 30° or less.
10. A suction cleaner including apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9607842.3A GB9607842D0 (en) | 1996-04-16 | 1996-04-16 | Vaned rotary apparatus |
| GB9607842.3 | 1996-04-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2252222A1 true CA2252222A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
Family
ID=10792130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2252222 Abandoned CA2252222A1 (en) | 1996-04-16 | 1997-04-16 | Vaned rotary apparatus |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000508735A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2252222A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9607842D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997039244A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7065826B1 (en) | 2003-01-21 | 2006-06-27 | Euro Pro Operating, Llc | Cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner with slotted baffle |
| CN1880167B (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2010-04-14 | 智点科技股份有限公司 | Jet fluid bundled propeller |
| EP2383471A1 (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-02 | Castart B.V. | Slurry pump |
| CN104179694B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-02-17 | 夏善胜 | The without hindrance pump of direct current |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2500400A (en) * | 1946-10-25 | 1950-03-14 | Byron A Cogswell | Axial flow pump |
| FR1479553A (en) * | 1966-03-25 | 1967-05-05 | Ferrodo Sa Franc De | Fan propeller and its applications, in particular to unit heaters |
| FR1485021A (en) * | 1966-06-28 | 1967-06-16 | Axial flow pumps | |
| US3719436A (en) * | 1970-09-22 | 1973-03-06 | Gorman Rupp Co | Axial flow pump |
| FR2127607A5 (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1972-10-13 | Marine Systems Inc | |
| US3972653A (en) * | 1975-02-10 | 1976-08-03 | Travis Larry G | In-line pump device |
| BE901181A (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1985-03-15 | Bulatov Georges | Helical impeller-pump - has series of blades within rotor of electric motor |
-
1996
- 1996-04-16 GB GBGB9607842.3A patent/GB9607842D0/en active Pending
-
1997
- 1997-04-16 CA CA 2252222 patent/CA2252222A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-16 JP JP9536876A patent/JP2000508735A/en active Pending
- 1997-04-16 WO PCT/GB1997/001060 patent/WO1997039244A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9607842D0 (en) | 1996-06-19 |
| WO1997039244A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
| JP2000508735A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |