CA2245193A1 - Woven fabrics - Google Patents
Woven fabrics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2245193A1 CA2245193A1 CA002245193A CA2245193A CA2245193A1 CA 2245193 A1 CA2245193 A1 CA 2245193A1 CA 002245193 A CA002245193 A CA 002245193A CA 2245193 A CA2245193 A CA 2245193A CA 2245193 A1 CA2245193 A1 CA 2245193A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarns
- layer
- fabric
- yarn
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0054—Seams thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
Landscapes
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
A woven fabric comprises at least two layers of cross-machine direction yarns, one layer having yarns of a larger diameter and the other layer having yarns of a smaller diameter. A seaming spiral is connected to the fabric by a seam binding yarn secured by at least some machine-direction yarns being looped about the seam binding yarn. The final yarn of the layer of smaller diameter yarns is displaced towards the opposite side of the fabric. The last two larger yarns may be displaced towards the smaller yarn layer, and the third yarn of the larger yarn layer may have an intermediate diameter.
Description
WOVEN FABRICS
This invention relates to the weave structure of a woven fabric, particularly in the edge region of a fabric which is joined by a seam to form an endless tube or belt for use as a conveyor belt, or as papermachine clothing particularly dryer fabrics.
In particular in papermachine clothing, it is well known to weave fabrics having two or more weft yarn layers, which are usually disposed extending in the cross-machine direction of the fabric as intended to be fitted on a papermachine. Often the weft yarns will be arranged in layers having larger and smaller yarn diameters, and the smaller diameter yarns are usually provided on the paper contacting side of the fabric, to provide a finer face structure which has a reduced propensity for marking of the paper.
A frequently used farm of seam is a looped seam or a spiral loop seam. In the latter, a flattened helical coil is attached to each end of the fabric, by means of a CD yarn passed through the loops of the spiral and bound onto the fabric by having at least selected machine direction yarns passed about the spiral binding yarn and reincorporated into the fabric. The seam is completed by interdigitating the spirals on opposed edges of the fabric and passing a further CD binding yarn or pintle wire through the interdigitated loops of the spirals.
_2_ It has been found that the seam thus formed will tend to be symmetrical about the so-called 'neutral line' of the fabric. In the case of symmetrically woven fabrics, comprising e.g. two layers of CD yarns of the same diameter, there is no problem as the neutral line lies in the geometric centre plane of the fabric.. With asymmetric weaves, however, such as those described which may also comprise a layer of coarse CD yarns to the back and a layer of fine CD yarns to the face, the neutral line is displaced towards the fine yarn side. As a result, depending on the weave structure, the seam coils lie to the fine yarn side of the fabric and will thus tend to stand proud of the fabric on the fine yarn side, and may be recessed on the coarse yarn side. The projection of the seam proud of the paper contacting surface (fine yarn side) of the fabric means that there is an enhanced risk of marking of the paper by the seam, and it is desirable to reduce or substantially eliminate fabric features which may cause such marking, to ensure a consistent quality of paper product. Further, the proudness of the seam can make the seam more susceptible to wear and thereby create a point of weakness in the fabric.
An object of the invention is to provide a woven fabric which is constructed in such a way that projection of a seam used for joining the fabric is reduced or substantially eliminated in asymmetric fabrics.
According to the invention a woven fabric comprises at least one layer of CD yarns, comprising first yarns having a larger diameter and further yarns having a smaller diameter, and at at least one edge thereof, a seaming spiral connected to the fabric by a seam binding yarn, secured by at least selected MD yarns being looped about said seam binding yarn, characterised in that the final smaller diameter yarn is displaced to the opposite side of the fabric from the plane of said layer.
The first larger diameter yarns may be disposed in a separate layer to said further smaller diameter yarns.
Preferably, in consequence, the last two larger diameter yarns are displaced towards the plane of said second layer from the plane of said first layer.
The third larger diameter CD yarn from the edge may be of a diameter intermediate the diameters of the yarns of the larger and smaller diameter layers.
The fabric may comprise at least one layer of cross-machine direction (CD) yarns, including at least one layer comprising alternating yarns of larger and smaller diameters, wherein said smaller diameter yarns are displaced toward one surface of the fabric to form a first sub-layer above the larger diameter yarn sub-layer.
A preferred embodiment of woven fabric will now be further described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is an enlarged diagrammatic crass-section showing part of the weave structure of the preferred woven fabric.
As shown in the drawing, a specific example of a fabric intended for use as papermachine clothing, specifically a dryer fabric, or a filter belt, etc., comprises a two layer cross-machine direction structure of weft yarns, comprising a machine-side layer 10 of larger diameter yarns 11 and a paper-side layer 12 of smaller diameter yarns 13, the smaller diameter yarns 13 being spaced between and to the paper-side of the larger diameter yarns 11.
This pattern of cross-machine (CD) yarns is maintained until the end region of the fabric, where one smaller diameter yarn 14 is placed on the machine side of the fabric, and the last two larger diameter yarns 15, 16 are displaced towards the paper-side of the fabric.
A terminal binding yarn 17 is used to bind the loops of a flattened helical spiral 18 to the edge of the fabric, and this in turn is used to join opposed ends of the fabric by interdigitating with the loops of a matching spiral 18a and passing of a pintle wire or seam binding yarn 19 through the interdigitated loops.
The fabric is completed by weaving of machine direction (MD) warp yarns such as for example 20, which comprises a main reach 20a which is for example floated over pairs of smaller diameter yarns 13 in layer 12, and over a single larger diameter yarn 11 in layer 10, then looped about binding yarn 17, and a back-woven reach 20b, woven back from the loop about binding yarn 17, into the body of the fabric.
The penultimate CD yarn 21 in machine side layer 10 is of a diameter intermediate between the diameters of the larger diameter yarns 11 of layer 10, and the smaller diameter yarns 13 of layer 12.
Selected warp yarns such as yarn 20, are looped about the binding yarn 17, while to create space for the loops of spiral 18, others of the warp yarns, not shown, may be looped about the terminal larger diameter CD
yarn 16.
The effect achieved by the fabric structure according to the preferred embodiment of the invention is to seat the spiral 18 away from the paper side of the fabric.
There may be two ar more smaller diameter yarns 14 placed on the machine side of the fabric, more than the last two larger diameter yarns 15, 16 may be displaced towards the paper side of the fabric.
In a further feature of the invention, the MD yarn 20 is preferably twisted as it passes around the binding yarn 17 through 180°, so that the crimp pattern of the yarn is maintained, whilst keeping the longer floats on the paper side in the return reach 20b of the yarn, as they are on the main reach 20a of the yarn. The twist can sometimes cause proudness, creating sheet marks and/or wear susceptible weak points. As a result of the configuration of the present invention, the geometry of the weave pattern is altered in the seam region, and this in combination with the seating away from the paper side of the fabric helps to minimise sheet marking and seam wear.
The MD yarns 20 are preferably rectangular in cross-section, or other flat or profiled section yarns may be used. The CD yarns are preferably round, although flat or other cross-sectional shaped yarns may again be used.
In an alternative embodiment, not illustrated, a fabric may comprise a single layer of alternating larger and smaller diameter yarns. In practice the smaller diameter yarns will migrate to form a sub-layer of smaller diameter yarns above the sub-layer formed by the larger diameter yarns left in the plane of the single layer.
Whilst primarily intended for use in papermachine clothing where avoidance of marking of the paper web is a primary consideration, the fabric construction of the inventian and as particularly described may be used on other fabrics formable by seams to form endless belts or tubular fabrics, such as conveyor or filter belts.
This invention relates to the weave structure of a woven fabric, particularly in the edge region of a fabric which is joined by a seam to form an endless tube or belt for use as a conveyor belt, or as papermachine clothing particularly dryer fabrics.
In particular in papermachine clothing, it is well known to weave fabrics having two or more weft yarn layers, which are usually disposed extending in the cross-machine direction of the fabric as intended to be fitted on a papermachine. Often the weft yarns will be arranged in layers having larger and smaller yarn diameters, and the smaller diameter yarns are usually provided on the paper contacting side of the fabric, to provide a finer face structure which has a reduced propensity for marking of the paper.
A frequently used farm of seam is a looped seam or a spiral loop seam. In the latter, a flattened helical coil is attached to each end of the fabric, by means of a CD yarn passed through the loops of the spiral and bound onto the fabric by having at least selected machine direction yarns passed about the spiral binding yarn and reincorporated into the fabric. The seam is completed by interdigitating the spirals on opposed edges of the fabric and passing a further CD binding yarn or pintle wire through the interdigitated loops of the spirals.
_2_ It has been found that the seam thus formed will tend to be symmetrical about the so-called 'neutral line' of the fabric. In the case of symmetrically woven fabrics, comprising e.g. two layers of CD yarns of the same diameter, there is no problem as the neutral line lies in the geometric centre plane of the fabric.. With asymmetric weaves, however, such as those described which may also comprise a layer of coarse CD yarns to the back and a layer of fine CD yarns to the face, the neutral line is displaced towards the fine yarn side. As a result, depending on the weave structure, the seam coils lie to the fine yarn side of the fabric and will thus tend to stand proud of the fabric on the fine yarn side, and may be recessed on the coarse yarn side. The projection of the seam proud of the paper contacting surface (fine yarn side) of the fabric means that there is an enhanced risk of marking of the paper by the seam, and it is desirable to reduce or substantially eliminate fabric features which may cause such marking, to ensure a consistent quality of paper product. Further, the proudness of the seam can make the seam more susceptible to wear and thereby create a point of weakness in the fabric.
An object of the invention is to provide a woven fabric which is constructed in such a way that projection of a seam used for joining the fabric is reduced or substantially eliminated in asymmetric fabrics.
According to the invention a woven fabric comprises at least one layer of CD yarns, comprising first yarns having a larger diameter and further yarns having a smaller diameter, and at at least one edge thereof, a seaming spiral connected to the fabric by a seam binding yarn, secured by at least selected MD yarns being looped about said seam binding yarn, characterised in that the final smaller diameter yarn is displaced to the opposite side of the fabric from the plane of said layer.
The first larger diameter yarns may be disposed in a separate layer to said further smaller diameter yarns.
Preferably, in consequence, the last two larger diameter yarns are displaced towards the plane of said second layer from the plane of said first layer.
The third larger diameter CD yarn from the edge may be of a diameter intermediate the diameters of the yarns of the larger and smaller diameter layers.
The fabric may comprise at least one layer of cross-machine direction (CD) yarns, including at least one layer comprising alternating yarns of larger and smaller diameters, wherein said smaller diameter yarns are displaced toward one surface of the fabric to form a first sub-layer above the larger diameter yarn sub-layer.
A preferred embodiment of woven fabric will now be further described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is an enlarged diagrammatic crass-section showing part of the weave structure of the preferred woven fabric.
As shown in the drawing, a specific example of a fabric intended for use as papermachine clothing, specifically a dryer fabric, or a filter belt, etc., comprises a two layer cross-machine direction structure of weft yarns, comprising a machine-side layer 10 of larger diameter yarns 11 and a paper-side layer 12 of smaller diameter yarns 13, the smaller diameter yarns 13 being spaced between and to the paper-side of the larger diameter yarns 11.
This pattern of cross-machine (CD) yarns is maintained until the end region of the fabric, where one smaller diameter yarn 14 is placed on the machine side of the fabric, and the last two larger diameter yarns 15, 16 are displaced towards the paper-side of the fabric.
A terminal binding yarn 17 is used to bind the loops of a flattened helical spiral 18 to the edge of the fabric, and this in turn is used to join opposed ends of the fabric by interdigitating with the loops of a matching spiral 18a and passing of a pintle wire or seam binding yarn 19 through the interdigitated loops.
The fabric is completed by weaving of machine direction (MD) warp yarns such as for example 20, which comprises a main reach 20a which is for example floated over pairs of smaller diameter yarns 13 in layer 12, and over a single larger diameter yarn 11 in layer 10, then looped about binding yarn 17, and a back-woven reach 20b, woven back from the loop about binding yarn 17, into the body of the fabric.
The penultimate CD yarn 21 in machine side layer 10 is of a diameter intermediate between the diameters of the larger diameter yarns 11 of layer 10, and the smaller diameter yarns 13 of layer 12.
Selected warp yarns such as yarn 20, are looped about the binding yarn 17, while to create space for the loops of spiral 18, others of the warp yarns, not shown, may be looped about the terminal larger diameter CD
yarn 16.
The effect achieved by the fabric structure according to the preferred embodiment of the invention is to seat the spiral 18 away from the paper side of the fabric.
There may be two ar more smaller diameter yarns 14 placed on the machine side of the fabric, more than the last two larger diameter yarns 15, 16 may be displaced towards the paper side of the fabric.
In a further feature of the invention, the MD yarn 20 is preferably twisted as it passes around the binding yarn 17 through 180°, so that the crimp pattern of the yarn is maintained, whilst keeping the longer floats on the paper side in the return reach 20b of the yarn, as they are on the main reach 20a of the yarn. The twist can sometimes cause proudness, creating sheet marks and/or wear susceptible weak points. As a result of the configuration of the present invention, the geometry of the weave pattern is altered in the seam region, and this in combination with the seating away from the paper side of the fabric helps to minimise sheet marking and seam wear.
The MD yarns 20 are preferably rectangular in cross-section, or other flat or profiled section yarns may be used. The CD yarns are preferably round, although flat or other cross-sectional shaped yarns may again be used.
In an alternative embodiment, not illustrated, a fabric may comprise a single layer of alternating larger and smaller diameter yarns. In practice the smaller diameter yarns will migrate to form a sub-layer of smaller diameter yarns above the sub-layer formed by the larger diameter yarns left in the plane of the single layer.
Whilst primarily intended for use in papermachine clothing where avoidance of marking of the paper web is a primary consideration, the fabric construction of the inventian and as particularly described may be used on other fabrics formable by seams to form endless belts or tubular fabrics, such as conveyor or filter belts.
Claims (5)
1. A woven fabric comprising at least one layer of cross-machine direction (CD) yarns, comprising first yarns having a larger diameter, and further yarns having a smaller diameter, and at at feast one edge of said fabric, a seaming spiral connected to the fabric by a seam binding yarn secured by at least selected machine-direction (MD) yarns being looped about said seam binding yarn, characterised in that the final smaller yarn is displaced to the opposite side of the fabric from the plane of said layer.
2. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein said first, larger diameter yarns are disposed in a separate layer to said further, smaller diameter yarns.
3. A fabric according to claim 1 comprising at least one layer of cross-machine direction (CD) yarns, including at least one layer comprising alternating yarns of larger and smaller diameters, wherein said smaller diameter yarns are displaced towards one surface of the fabric to form a first sub-layer above the large diameter yarn sub-layer.
4. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the last two larger diameter CD
yarns are displaced towards the plane of said second layer from the plane of said first layer.
yarns are displaced towards the plane of said second layer from the plane of said first layer.
5. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the third layer diameter CD
yarns from the edge is of a diameter intermediate the diameters of the yarns of the larger and smaller diameter layers.
yarns from the edge is of a diameter intermediate the diameters of the yarns of the larger and smaller diameter layers.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002245193A CA2245193A1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1998-08-06 | Woven fabrics |
| EP99304551A EP0964089A3 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-06-10 | Woven fabrics |
| CA002274278A CA2274278A1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-06-10 | Woven fabrics |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002238794A CA2238794A1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1998-06-12 | Woven fabrics |
| CA2,238,794 | 1998-06-12 | ||
| CA002245193A CA2245193A1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1998-08-06 | Woven fabrics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2245193A1 true CA2245193A1 (en) | 1999-12-12 |
Family
ID=25680249
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002245193A Abandoned CA2245193A1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1998-08-06 | Woven fabrics |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0964089A3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2245193A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7273074B2 (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2007-09-25 | Albany International Corp. | On-machine-seamable industrial fabric having seam-reinforcing rings |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4186780A (en) * | 1978-12-15 | 1980-02-05 | Albany International Corp. | Seam construction for multi-layer felts |
| GB9716932D0 (en) * | 1997-08-09 | 1997-10-15 | Scapa Group Plc | Fabric seam |
-
1998
- 1998-08-06 CA CA002245193A patent/CA2245193A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
1999
- 1999-06-10 EP EP99304551A patent/EP0964089A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0964089A2 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
| EP0964089A3 (en) | 2000-10-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |