CA2235889A1 - Effervescent detergent tablet - Google Patents
Effervescent detergent tablet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2235889A1 CA2235889A1 CA 2235889 CA2235889A CA2235889A1 CA 2235889 A1 CA2235889 A1 CA 2235889A1 CA 2235889 CA2235889 CA 2235889 CA 2235889 A CA2235889 A CA 2235889A CA 2235889 A1 CA2235889 A1 CA 2235889A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tablets
- tableted
- composition according
- effervescence
- detergent composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0052—Gas evolving or heat producing compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A tableted detergent composition for washing clothes consists of tablets of detergent composition sealed in moisture tight packages each containing a number of tablets no larger than required for a single wash, such that the tablets should always remain protected from moisture until immediately before use. The tablets contain a large proportion of effervescence generators to provide sufficiently rapid dissolution of the detergent composition.
Description
This invention relates to detergent compositions in tablet form.
7.t has long been an attractive idea to market detergent compositions in tablet form, and such compositions have been successfully marketed for use in dishwashers, and for other "hard surface" cleaning applications, such as for cleaning dentures. Such "hard surface" cleaners typically utilize Effervescent tablets, with a view to providing a sustained effervescence during gradual dissolution of a tablet, which effervescence may participate in the cleansing action of the tablet .
Although a number of proposals have been made over many years i=or detergents in tablet form for use in washing clothes, we are not aware that any of these proposals has achieved significant commercial success, despite the apparent advantages of the concept, which include accurate control of amount of detergent used, reduced storage space required by t=ablets, ease of use, and, in the case of effervescent tablets, a visual suggestion to the user that the product is "doing something".
_Cn order that such a tablet be useful for washing clothes, it is essential that it dissolves fast enough when used to make its detergent properties speedily available. In addition, t:he tablets must have sufficient strength to allow handling without disintegration, and must have a sufficient storage .Life in the hands of the ultimate user that the properties of t:he product have not deteriorated significantly prior to use.
These requirements tend to be mutually exclusive. Fast dissolution of the tablets requires the incorporation of substantial quantities of ingredients or combinations of _i.ngredients to provide effervescence that are of necessity highly moisture sensitive. Absorption of moisture reduces t:he effectiveness of these ingredients, and may also either reduce the strength of the tablets, leading to premature disintegration, or in some cases harden the tablets, thus further hindering dissolution. Formation of stronger tablets involves higher forming pressures to provide harder tablets which are less easily dissolved, and increases the risk that t:he tablets will not separate cleanly from the moulds used to f=orm them. The tablets, because of their purpose, will tend t:o be stored in damp environments, and users are typically unlikely to take much care to protect them from damp. It is not believed that anyone to date, despite a longer history of attempts, has satisfactorily resolved all of these problems.
V~e have found that a satisfactory resolution of these problems may be obtained by disregarding the moisture sensitivity of the tablet formulation, provided that the t=ablets are sealed in moisture tight packages with each package containing no larger number of tablets than is required for a single wash. This means that the packages will not normally be opened until required for use, and thus storage life in damp conditions ceases to be a factor in the problem outlined above. This in turn means that ingredients too aid fast dissolution can be used in adequate quantities to provide rapid dissolution and counter any reduction of the rate of dissolution occasioned by the tablet-forming process .
~~t the same time, the strength of the tablets becomes somewhat less critical since if a tablet does disintegrate, t;he fragments will be retained within the package until use.
Dissolution may be further aided by making the tablets fairly small, since the package may contain whatever number of tablets is required for a particular application.
I?urther features of the invention will become apparent from t=he following description with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1 and 2 show a typical package in <~ccordance with the invention.
Referring to the Figures, tablets 2 of a detergent composition are shown sealed within a pouch of moisture _~mpermeable film 4 by heat seals 6 at each end of a length of i°ilm welded edge to edge to form a tube enveloping the tablets. A slot 8 may be formed in either or both seals to f=acilitate tearing open of the pouch. In the example shown, t;he pouch contains four tablets, sized and formulated to provide sufficient detergent composition to wash a typical 7_oad of washing in a typical automatic clothes washing rnachine. An alternative pack contains but a single similar t=ablet, suitable for example for hand washing a few items of clothing in a wash hand basin.
In an alternative form of packaging, the tablets are _Lndividually packed into an array of separable blisters in a blister pack similar to those commonly used for packaging pharmaceutical tablets. Typically the array of blisters would be formed in a sheet of polyvinyl dichloride and the blisters closed after insertion of the tablets by the application of aluminum foil, the array being perforated between the blisters to allow for separation of one or more blister packed tablets. If the array contains 12 blisters in a 3 x 4 array, then it may be separated either into single tablets for hand washing, or a row of four tablets will provide detergent for a. machine wash.
'.f'Yhe pouches or blister packs are suitable for dispensing from coin freed machines in laundromats, and have the advantages of being much smaller and more compact than miniature packets of conventional detergent powder. As discussed further below, the tablets contain components which act together as an effervescence generator on contact with water, which not only indicates to the user the progress of dissolution of the tablets, but also reduces the likelihood of pockets of undissolved detergent becoming trapped in the folds of clothing, as can happen with conventional powder detergents.
The tablets may be round or rectangular, and should be relatively thin, possibly with concave faces, to speed dissolution and increase their surface area relative to their volume .
An exemplary and presently preferred tablet formulation is set forth below as Example I, the quantities of the constituents being listed in grams per tablet, with the total weight of a tablet being about 8 grams. With this formulation, four such tablets will suffice for a washing machine load, and a single tablet for a small hand wash. The constituents of the table are largely conventional detergent _Lngredients, except for the large content, well over half the weight of the tablet, of effervescence generating components and the addition of tableting aids. The use of sodium t;ripolyphosphate as a sequestering agent also assists the ~°apid dissolution of the tablets provided by the large content of effervescence generating components; indeed these components represent more than 750 of the weight of the tablet. This is only possible because of the single use rnoisture proof packaging of the tablets, since otherwise they would be far too moisture sensitive to withstand the usual conditions in which open detergent packages are stored.
Indeed, it is necessary to control carefully humidity conditions during manufacture.
l3xamgle 1 (3 TAB ITEM DESCRIPTION
0.0758 Sodium dodecyl Benzene Sulphonate 90%
(Nacconol* 90G) (anionic detergent) 0.1758 Nonyl phenyl 9 molar/NP9 (Alkasurf*) (wetting agent) 0.7508 Sodium Tripolyphosphate (sequestering agent and dissolution acceleration) :?.3758 Sodium Carbonate (alkalinity and effervescence generation) 0.2508 Sodium Sesquicarbonate (sequestering agent) 0.0258 Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (Detergent Grade) (soil suspending agent) :?.OOOg Citric Acid (effervescence generation) :?.OOOg Tartaric Acid (effervescent generation) 0.0508 Colloidal Silicon Dioxide (Cab-O-Sil*) (absorbent) 0.0038 Tinopal* (CBS-X) Optical Brightener 0.2008 Talc (tableting lubricant) 5 O.100g Magnesium Stearate (tableting lubricant) F3.003g Total Final Tablet Weight * Trademark :3ubject to consistency with the ability to permit satisfactory tablet formation and satisfactory washing i=ormation, the detergent composition and the additives employed may be varied to meet requirements, provided that sufficient effervescence generators and dissolution promoters are present to provide very rapid dissolution of the tablets such that the tablets will be fully dissolved in no more than a few minutes from the beginning of a wash cycle, well before t;he end of the wash phase of a washing machine cycle or within the patience span of someone manually washing clothes .
'.f'lhis will usually require a content of at lest 50a and preferably at least 75% by weight of effervescence generating <:omponents. While other effervescence generating systems are known and have been proposed for detergent tablets other than t;he carbonate with citric and/or tartaric acid system disclosed, such a system has the advantage of using _~nexpensive, readily available and non-toxic components, as well as providing buffered alkalinity of the resulting detergent solution. Sodium tripolyphosphate further enhances the dissolution and sequestering properties of the composition.
The tablets are formed with sufficient compression to maintain their integrity through the packaging process and subsequent handling, although they do not need to be as strong as would be the case with loose-packed tablets since they will be subject to less impact and abrasion, and occasional damage to a tablet will not be serious since detached material will be retained within the packaging and not lost.
The packaging described above is exemplary only, and alternatives can be used that are moisture tight, inexpensive t:o apply and easy to open at the time of use.
7.t has long been an attractive idea to market detergent compositions in tablet form, and such compositions have been successfully marketed for use in dishwashers, and for other "hard surface" cleaning applications, such as for cleaning dentures. Such "hard surface" cleaners typically utilize Effervescent tablets, with a view to providing a sustained effervescence during gradual dissolution of a tablet, which effervescence may participate in the cleansing action of the tablet .
Although a number of proposals have been made over many years i=or detergents in tablet form for use in washing clothes, we are not aware that any of these proposals has achieved significant commercial success, despite the apparent advantages of the concept, which include accurate control of amount of detergent used, reduced storage space required by t=ablets, ease of use, and, in the case of effervescent tablets, a visual suggestion to the user that the product is "doing something".
_Cn order that such a tablet be useful for washing clothes, it is essential that it dissolves fast enough when used to make its detergent properties speedily available. In addition, t:he tablets must have sufficient strength to allow handling without disintegration, and must have a sufficient storage .Life in the hands of the ultimate user that the properties of t:he product have not deteriorated significantly prior to use.
These requirements tend to be mutually exclusive. Fast dissolution of the tablets requires the incorporation of substantial quantities of ingredients or combinations of _i.ngredients to provide effervescence that are of necessity highly moisture sensitive. Absorption of moisture reduces t:he effectiveness of these ingredients, and may also either reduce the strength of the tablets, leading to premature disintegration, or in some cases harden the tablets, thus further hindering dissolution. Formation of stronger tablets involves higher forming pressures to provide harder tablets which are less easily dissolved, and increases the risk that t:he tablets will not separate cleanly from the moulds used to f=orm them. The tablets, because of their purpose, will tend t:o be stored in damp environments, and users are typically unlikely to take much care to protect them from damp. It is not believed that anyone to date, despite a longer history of attempts, has satisfactorily resolved all of these problems.
V~e have found that a satisfactory resolution of these problems may be obtained by disregarding the moisture sensitivity of the tablet formulation, provided that the t=ablets are sealed in moisture tight packages with each package containing no larger number of tablets than is required for a single wash. This means that the packages will not normally be opened until required for use, and thus storage life in damp conditions ceases to be a factor in the problem outlined above. This in turn means that ingredients too aid fast dissolution can be used in adequate quantities to provide rapid dissolution and counter any reduction of the rate of dissolution occasioned by the tablet-forming process .
~~t the same time, the strength of the tablets becomes somewhat less critical since if a tablet does disintegrate, t;he fragments will be retained within the package until use.
Dissolution may be further aided by making the tablets fairly small, since the package may contain whatever number of tablets is required for a particular application.
I?urther features of the invention will become apparent from t=he following description with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1 and 2 show a typical package in <~ccordance with the invention.
Referring to the Figures, tablets 2 of a detergent composition are shown sealed within a pouch of moisture _~mpermeable film 4 by heat seals 6 at each end of a length of i°ilm welded edge to edge to form a tube enveloping the tablets. A slot 8 may be formed in either or both seals to f=acilitate tearing open of the pouch. In the example shown, t;he pouch contains four tablets, sized and formulated to provide sufficient detergent composition to wash a typical 7_oad of washing in a typical automatic clothes washing rnachine. An alternative pack contains but a single similar t=ablet, suitable for example for hand washing a few items of clothing in a wash hand basin.
In an alternative form of packaging, the tablets are _Lndividually packed into an array of separable blisters in a blister pack similar to those commonly used for packaging pharmaceutical tablets. Typically the array of blisters would be formed in a sheet of polyvinyl dichloride and the blisters closed after insertion of the tablets by the application of aluminum foil, the array being perforated between the blisters to allow for separation of one or more blister packed tablets. If the array contains 12 blisters in a 3 x 4 array, then it may be separated either into single tablets for hand washing, or a row of four tablets will provide detergent for a. machine wash.
'.f'Yhe pouches or blister packs are suitable for dispensing from coin freed machines in laundromats, and have the advantages of being much smaller and more compact than miniature packets of conventional detergent powder. As discussed further below, the tablets contain components which act together as an effervescence generator on contact with water, which not only indicates to the user the progress of dissolution of the tablets, but also reduces the likelihood of pockets of undissolved detergent becoming trapped in the folds of clothing, as can happen with conventional powder detergents.
The tablets may be round or rectangular, and should be relatively thin, possibly with concave faces, to speed dissolution and increase their surface area relative to their volume .
An exemplary and presently preferred tablet formulation is set forth below as Example I, the quantities of the constituents being listed in grams per tablet, with the total weight of a tablet being about 8 grams. With this formulation, four such tablets will suffice for a washing machine load, and a single tablet for a small hand wash. The constituents of the table are largely conventional detergent _Lngredients, except for the large content, well over half the weight of the tablet, of effervescence generating components and the addition of tableting aids. The use of sodium t;ripolyphosphate as a sequestering agent also assists the ~°apid dissolution of the tablets provided by the large content of effervescence generating components; indeed these components represent more than 750 of the weight of the tablet. This is only possible because of the single use rnoisture proof packaging of the tablets, since otherwise they would be far too moisture sensitive to withstand the usual conditions in which open detergent packages are stored.
Indeed, it is necessary to control carefully humidity conditions during manufacture.
l3xamgle 1 (3 TAB ITEM DESCRIPTION
0.0758 Sodium dodecyl Benzene Sulphonate 90%
(Nacconol* 90G) (anionic detergent) 0.1758 Nonyl phenyl 9 molar/NP9 (Alkasurf*) (wetting agent) 0.7508 Sodium Tripolyphosphate (sequestering agent and dissolution acceleration) :?.3758 Sodium Carbonate (alkalinity and effervescence generation) 0.2508 Sodium Sesquicarbonate (sequestering agent) 0.0258 Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (Detergent Grade) (soil suspending agent) :?.OOOg Citric Acid (effervescence generation) :?.OOOg Tartaric Acid (effervescent generation) 0.0508 Colloidal Silicon Dioxide (Cab-O-Sil*) (absorbent) 0.0038 Tinopal* (CBS-X) Optical Brightener 0.2008 Talc (tableting lubricant) 5 O.100g Magnesium Stearate (tableting lubricant) F3.003g Total Final Tablet Weight * Trademark :3ubject to consistency with the ability to permit satisfactory tablet formation and satisfactory washing i=ormation, the detergent composition and the additives employed may be varied to meet requirements, provided that sufficient effervescence generators and dissolution promoters are present to provide very rapid dissolution of the tablets such that the tablets will be fully dissolved in no more than a few minutes from the beginning of a wash cycle, well before t;he end of the wash phase of a washing machine cycle or within the patience span of someone manually washing clothes .
'.f'lhis will usually require a content of at lest 50a and preferably at least 75% by weight of effervescence generating <:omponents. While other effervescence generating systems are known and have been proposed for detergent tablets other than t;he carbonate with citric and/or tartaric acid system disclosed, such a system has the advantage of using _~nexpensive, readily available and non-toxic components, as well as providing buffered alkalinity of the resulting detergent solution. Sodium tripolyphosphate further enhances the dissolution and sequestering properties of the composition.
The tablets are formed with sufficient compression to maintain their integrity through the packaging process and subsequent handling, although they do not need to be as strong as would be the case with loose-packed tablets since they will be subject to less impact and abrasion, and occasional damage to a tablet will not be serious since detached material will be retained within the packaging and not lost.
The packaging described above is exemplary only, and alternatives can be used that are moisture tight, inexpensive t:o apply and easy to open at the time of use.
Claims (7)
1. A tableted detergent composition for washing clothes, comprising tablets of a detergent composition containing dissolution promoters which comprise sufficient effervescence generating components to provide dissolution of the tablets in a time that is small compared to the time elapsed to the end of a washing phase of a clothes washing cycle, and moisture tight packages in which the tablets are sealed, each package containing a number of tablets no larger than is required for a single wash.
2. A tableted composition according to claim 1, wherein the tablets contain at least 50% by weight of effervescence generating components.
3. A tableted composition according to claim 1, wherein the tablets contain at least 75% by weight of effervescence generating components.
4. A tableted composition according to claim 1,2 or 3, wherein the effervescence generating components include a carbonate and at least one of tartaric and citric acids.
5. A tableted composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further including sodium tripolyphosphate.
6. A tableted composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tablets are sized so that four tablets provide sufficient detergent composition for a typical washing machine load, and the tablets are packaged either one or four tablets to a package.
7. A tableted composition according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the tablets are individually packaged in separable blisters in a blister pack array.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2235889 CA2235889A1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | Effervescent detergent tablet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2235889 CA2235889A1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | Effervescent detergent tablet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2235889A1 true CA2235889A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
Family
ID=29275597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2235889 Abandoned CA2235889A1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | Effervescent detergent tablet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2235889A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10027672A1 (en) * | 2000-06-03 | 2001-12-13 | Henkel Kgaa | Combination of detergent tablets and a packaging system, in which the tablets have cavities and raised portions on opposite faces to improve transport stability |
| EP2202289A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-30 | R3PC DI Roman Reder | Washing additive |
| EP2221357A1 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-08-25 | Budich International GmbH | Combined limescale remover and rinser for use in devices and assemblies with metallic, ceramic, glass or plastic surfaces |
| US8329112B2 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2012-12-11 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Multi-dosing detergent delivery device |
| US8338357B2 (en) | 2006-01-21 | 2012-12-25 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Multiple dosing ware washing article |
| US8375962B2 (en) | 2006-01-21 | 2013-02-19 | Reckitt Benckiser N. V. | Dosage element and chamber |
| US8815018B2 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2014-08-26 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Detergent dosing device |
-
1998
- 1998-04-27 CA CA 2235889 patent/CA2235889A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10027672A1 (en) * | 2000-06-03 | 2001-12-13 | Henkel Kgaa | Combination of detergent tablets and a packaging system, in which the tablets have cavities and raised portions on opposite faces to improve transport stability |
| US8338357B2 (en) | 2006-01-21 | 2012-12-25 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Multiple dosing ware washing article |
| US8375962B2 (en) | 2006-01-21 | 2013-02-19 | Reckitt Benckiser N. V. | Dosage element and chamber |
| US8329112B2 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2012-12-11 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Multi-dosing detergent delivery device |
| US8815018B2 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2014-08-26 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Detergent dosing device |
| EP2202289A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-30 | R3PC DI Roman Reder | Washing additive |
| EP2221357A1 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-08-25 | Budich International GmbH | Combined limescale remover and rinser for use in devices and assemblies with metallic, ceramic, glass or plastic surfaces |
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|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |