CA2226361A1 - A gas purging device - Google Patents
A gas purging device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2226361A1 CA2226361A1 CA 2226361 CA2226361A CA2226361A1 CA 2226361 A1 CA2226361 A1 CA 2226361A1 CA 2226361 CA2226361 CA 2226361 CA 2226361 A CA2226361 A CA 2226361A CA 2226361 A1 CA2226361 A1 CA 2226361A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas purging
- purging device
- channel
- purging
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
- B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a gas rinsing device made of a fireproof ceramic material for metallurgical containers with at least one substantially cylindrical rinsing channel which, viewed in the axial direction, has radially alternating embossments at its end facing the molten bath.
Description
Specification The invention concerns a gas purging device of a refractory ceramic material for metallurgical melting vessels.
Numerous embodiments of such gas purging devices are described in the literature. An extensive survey is given in the Radex-Rundschau, 1987, pp. 288 to 302.
Gas purging devices in the form of porous plugs can be divided into the following fundamental categories:
- porous plugs having a "directed porosity". Such porous plugs have continuous channels within the refractory ceramic matrix material, which are fed by a central gas supply, possibly with mixtures of gas/solids.
- porous plugs having an "undirected porosity", wherein the gas flow is effected through the open porosity of the ceramic material.
- so-called porous plugs with slitlike channels, wherein the gas flow is effected through relatively long but narrow slitlike channels. Porous plugs of that type are described in DE 39 07 500 C1 and EP 0 325 709 B1.
All the types of porous plugs present the problem of an infiltration of molten metal into the purging channels or the purging slits. It is attempted to solve this problem by choosing the diameter of the purging channels or the width of the purging slits as small as possible. However, the amount of purging gas decreases inevitably at the same time, which is undesirable in principle.
Therefore, the WO 9S/33587 proposes to form the slitlike purging channel like a spiral so that with a narrow but long purging channel a high gas-flow rate is achieved.
It is the object of the invention to solve the approach given in WO 95/33587 for a gas purging device having a high gas-flow rate from the aspect of a good infiltration inhibition by a different construction.
As a result, a gas purging device of a refractory ceramic material for metallurgical vessels, having at least an essentially cylindrical purging channel (purging slit) is proposed, the purging channel of which, viewed in axial direction, has at least at its end facing the molten metal recesses alternating in radial direction.
The radially alternating shape of the purging channel in the axial direction of the purging channel results surprisingly in a considerable inhibition of the infiltration tendency of entering molten metal. It was found in pretests that the alternating shape results in that molten metal possibly entering the purging channel is "decelerated" in the region of the turns. This is important especially at the end of the gas purging device facing the molten metal so that the steel melt enters the gas purging device only for a portion as small as possible. In th,e upper portion opposite the molten metal, the refractory ceramic matrix material of the gas purging device has a relatively high temperature which nearly reaches the temperature of the steel melt. If the entrance of the .steel melt into the gas purging device can be "decelerated" already in its upper portion, it is prevented at the same time that the molten metal "freezes", that is passes over to its solid state. This is particularly important because in continuous gas injection possibly entered molten metal may then be returned easily from the gas purging device to the molten metal by the gas flow.
With regard to the alternating recesses the invention provides different definite embodiments:
The recesses - viewed in longitudinal section (in the purging direction) - may have a meander-like shape.
An alternative embodiment provides a wave-like shape of the recesses. A subcase of that is the sinusoidal shape of the recesses.
An additional infiltration inhibition may be acnieved with an embodiment in which the wave-like shape, in longitudinal section, of the recesses consists of short portions extending at an acute angle of inclination with the horizontal and of long portions extending at an obtuse angle of inclination with the horizontal. So, in the region of the "short" portions a lower velocity of flow of the melt and in the region of the adjoining, for example right-angled, transition to the "long" portion a kind of "chicane" results automatically, which counteracts a further infiltration of the molten metal.
Within a gas purging device, for example within a porous plug, several of the purging channels being described above may be arranged in concentric relationship or side by side in order to increase the,cross section for the gas, being effective in purging.
Alternatively, the invention proposes a solution in which the purging channel has a star-like shape - viewed from above. Such a gas purging device can be described as a "purging device with folds" and is explained in more detail in the following description of the Figures. By the "zigzag"
design of the purging channel (in horizontal section) a considerable increase of the cross section of the purging channel is achieved in comparison with a cylindrical purging channel with annular shape.
An almost similar effect can be achieved with a purging channel having a circular shape in horizontal section provided that the circular shape has a wave-like contour.
As explained above, the recesses should be provided at least at the end of the gas purging device facing the molten metal. The respectlve portion may be one third, one half or two thirds of the total height of the gas purging device.
It is within the scope of the invention to form the purging channel - viewed in axial direction - with varying cross sections, the varylng cross sections being provided particularly in the portion of the gas purging device having the recesses.
If a tapered cross section results with it - viewed in the direction of the infiltration of the molten metal (that is from top downwards), the infiltration tendency of the molten metal is additionally inhibited thereby.
It follows from the explanations above that in the end a purging channel is formed which has constantly varying geometries in the axial direction, in the radial direction and with regard to the cross section of the channel.
Nevertheless, the production of such a gas purging device is extremely simple.
Namely, the purging channel may be formed - in generally known manner - by burning off a corresponding formed piece and that - with the features above - can be produced very easily and inexpensively, for example as an injection-moulded part of plastic. Then, it is cast around (embedded~
by a refractory matrix material or moulded together with the refractory matrix material. Particularly with the latter embodiment, it may be advantageous to form the generated surface of the piece to be burned off with openings so that a certain compensation of pressure between the refractory matrix material inside and outside the purging channel is effected and an accidental loosening of the formed piece in moulding is prevented at the same time.
The gas purging device may be formed as a discrete component, that is as a porous plug. Typically, such a porous plug will have - in accordance with the prior art -the shape of a conical frustrum. In this case, also the geometry of the purging channel (viewed in axial direction~
is advantageously formed like a conical frustrum (conically).
But it is also within the scope of the invention to form the gas purging device in a monolithic bottom or wall lining of a metallurgical vessel. In this case, the above-described piece to be burned off is for example cast around directly in situ with a corresponding refractory material.
The width of the purging channel should not exceed 1 to 2 mm in order not to put at risk the advantages described above with respect to the infiltration inhibiting characteristics.
However, the width of the purging channel may be clearly less, for example down to 0,1 mm.
Further characteristics of the invention follow from the features of the subclaims as well as the other application documents.
The invention is described below in more detail with an embodiment.
In each of the Figures only the formed piece is illustrated, which is inserted afterwards into an appropriate refractory ceramic material and forms the purging channel after burning-off.
This formed piece, here consisting of plastic, is illustrated in Fig. 1 in longitudinal section. The essentially cylindrical geometry can be seen, the formed piece 10 being formed tapering slightly from its one end lOu to its other end lOo.
The section along line II-II in Fig. 1, being illustrated in Fig. 2, shows that the formed piece - in plan view - has a star-like shape.
Fig. 3 illustrates an enlarged representation of the portion indicated at III in Fig. 2, from which can be seen that the wall of the formed piece extends from an inner portion 12i to an exterior portion 12a and from there after a bend back to another inner portion 12i, the form being mirror-inverted with respect to a plane of symmetry indicated at 14.
The shape of the wall of the formed piece ln axial direction of the formed piece, being essential for the invention, can be seen from Fig. 4, Fig. 4 showing the portion illustrated at IV in Fig. 1.
There, the wall of the formed piece first extends at an acute angle alpha with the horizontal to the right (towards the (imagined) central longitudinal axis M of the formed piece 10). A "short" por~ion 12k is formed thereby, to which, after a bend, a "long" portion 121 adjoins at an obtuse angle beta with the horizontal. Then, these alternating recesses continue uniformly from the end lOe of the formed piece for about one half of the height of the formed piece 10 and change afterwards into a linear shape (in the lower portion lOu of the formed piece).
The formed piece of plastic illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 ls then cast around on the inside (16) and the outside (18) wlth a refractory ceramic material. Thereafter, the ceramic material is dried and the formed piece 10 is burned off by heating the gas purging device so formed in order to clear the gas channel (purging slit) corresponding to the geometry of the formed piece.
The "closed" form of the purging channel contributes substantially to a simplified production of the gas purging device, because the described cylindrical form (frustrum form) guarantees a high stability of the formed piece and thus also a good dimensional stability in fabricating the gas purging device.
Numerous embodiments of such gas purging devices are described in the literature. An extensive survey is given in the Radex-Rundschau, 1987, pp. 288 to 302.
Gas purging devices in the form of porous plugs can be divided into the following fundamental categories:
- porous plugs having a "directed porosity". Such porous plugs have continuous channels within the refractory ceramic matrix material, which are fed by a central gas supply, possibly with mixtures of gas/solids.
- porous plugs having an "undirected porosity", wherein the gas flow is effected through the open porosity of the ceramic material.
- so-called porous plugs with slitlike channels, wherein the gas flow is effected through relatively long but narrow slitlike channels. Porous plugs of that type are described in DE 39 07 500 C1 and EP 0 325 709 B1.
All the types of porous plugs present the problem of an infiltration of molten metal into the purging channels or the purging slits. It is attempted to solve this problem by choosing the diameter of the purging channels or the width of the purging slits as small as possible. However, the amount of purging gas decreases inevitably at the same time, which is undesirable in principle.
Therefore, the WO 9S/33587 proposes to form the slitlike purging channel like a spiral so that with a narrow but long purging channel a high gas-flow rate is achieved.
It is the object of the invention to solve the approach given in WO 95/33587 for a gas purging device having a high gas-flow rate from the aspect of a good infiltration inhibition by a different construction.
As a result, a gas purging device of a refractory ceramic material for metallurgical vessels, having at least an essentially cylindrical purging channel (purging slit) is proposed, the purging channel of which, viewed in axial direction, has at least at its end facing the molten metal recesses alternating in radial direction.
The radially alternating shape of the purging channel in the axial direction of the purging channel results surprisingly in a considerable inhibition of the infiltration tendency of entering molten metal. It was found in pretests that the alternating shape results in that molten metal possibly entering the purging channel is "decelerated" in the region of the turns. This is important especially at the end of the gas purging device facing the molten metal so that the steel melt enters the gas purging device only for a portion as small as possible. In th,e upper portion opposite the molten metal, the refractory ceramic matrix material of the gas purging device has a relatively high temperature which nearly reaches the temperature of the steel melt. If the entrance of the .steel melt into the gas purging device can be "decelerated" already in its upper portion, it is prevented at the same time that the molten metal "freezes", that is passes over to its solid state. This is particularly important because in continuous gas injection possibly entered molten metal may then be returned easily from the gas purging device to the molten metal by the gas flow.
With regard to the alternating recesses the invention provides different definite embodiments:
The recesses - viewed in longitudinal section (in the purging direction) - may have a meander-like shape.
An alternative embodiment provides a wave-like shape of the recesses. A subcase of that is the sinusoidal shape of the recesses.
An additional infiltration inhibition may be acnieved with an embodiment in which the wave-like shape, in longitudinal section, of the recesses consists of short portions extending at an acute angle of inclination with the horizontal and of long portions extending at an obtuse angle of inclination with the horizontal. So, in the region of the "short" portions a lower velocity of flow of the melt and in the region of the adjoining, for example right-angled, transition to the "long" portion a kind of "chicane" results automatically, which counteracts a further infiltration of the molten metal.
Within a gas purging device, for example within a porous plug, several of the purging channels being described above may be arranged in concentric relationship or side by side in order to increase the,cross section for the gas, being effective in purging.
Alternatively, the invention proposes a solution in which the purging channel has a star-like shape - viewed from above. Such a gas purging device can be described as a "purging device with folds" and is explained in more detail in the following description of the Figures. By the "zigzag"
design of the purging channel (in horizontal section) a considerable increase of the cross section of the purging channel is achieved in comparison with a cylindrical purging channel with annular shape.
An almost similar effect can be achieved with a purging channel having a circular shape in horizontal section provided that the circular shape has a wave-like contour.
As explained above, the recesses should be provided at least at the end of the gas purging device facing the molten metal. The respectlve portion may be one third, one half or two thirds of the total height of the gas purging device.
It is within the scope of the invention to form the purging channel - viewed in axial direction - with varying cross sections, the varylng cross sections being provided particularly in the portion of the gas purging device having the recesses.
If a tapered cross section results with it - viewed in the direction of the infiltration of the molten metal (that is from top downwards), the infiltration tendency of the molten metal is additionally inhibited thereby.
It follows from the explanations above that in the end a purging channel is formed which has constantly varying geometries in the axial direction, in the radial direction and with regard to the cross section of the channel.
Nevertheless, the production of such a gas purging device is extremely simple.
Namely, the purging channel may be formed - in generally known manner - by burning off a corresponding formed piece and that - with the features above - can be produced very easily and inexpensively, for example as an injection-moulded part of plastic. Then, it is cast around (embedded~
by a refractory matrix material or moulded together with the refractory matrix material. Particularly with the latter embodiment, it may be advantageous to form the generated surface of the piece to be burned off with openings so that a certain compensation of pressure between the refractory matrix material inside and outside the purging channel is effected and an accidental loosening of the formed piece in moulding is prevented at the same time.
The gas purging device may be formed as a discrete component, that is as a porous plug. Typically, such a porous plug will have - in accordance with the prior art -the shape of a conical frustrum. In this case, also the geometry of the purging channel (viewed in axial direction~
is advantageously formed like a conical frustrum (conically).
But it is also within the scope of the invention to form the gas purging device in a monolithic bottom or wall lining of a metallurgical vessel. In this case, the above-described piece to be burned off is for example cast around directly in situ with a corresponding refractory material.
The width of the purging channel should not exceed 1 to 2 mm in order not to put at risk the advantages described above with respect to the infiltration inhibiting characteristics.
However, the width of the purging channel may be clearly less, for example down to 0,1 mm.
Further characteristics of the invention follow from the features of the subclaims as well as the other application documents.
The invention is described below in more detail with an embodiment.
In each of the Figures only the formed piece is illustrated, which is inserted afterwards into an appropriate refractory ceramic material and forms the purging channel after burning-off.
This formed piece, here consisting of plastic, is illustrated in Fig. 1 in longitudinal section. The essentially cylindrical geometry can be seen, the formed piece 10 being formed tapering slightly from its one end lOu to its other end lOo.
The section along line II-II in Fig. 1, being illustrated in Fig. 2, shows that the formed piece - in plan view - has a star-like shape.
Fig. 3 illustrates an enlarged representation of the portion indicated at III in Fig. 2, from which can be seen that the wall of the formed piece extends from an inner portion 12i to an exterior portion 12a and from there after a bend back to another inner portion 12i, the form being mirror-inverted with respect to a plane of symmetry indicated at 14.
The shape of the wall of the formed piece ln axial direction of the formed piece, being essential for the invention, can be seen from Fig. 4, Fig. 4 showing the portion illustrated at IV in Fig. 1.
There, the wall of the formed piece first extends at an acute angle alpha with the horizontal to the right (towards the (imagined) central longitudinal axis M of the formed piece 10). A "short" por~ion 12k is formed thereby, to which, after a bend, a "long" portion 121 adjoins at an obtuse angle beta with the horizontal. Then, these alternating recesses continue uniformly from the end lOe of the formed piece for about one half of the height of the formed piece 10 and change afterwards into a linear shape (in the lower portion lOu of the formed piece).
The formed piece of plastic illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 ls then cast around on the inside (16) and the outside (18) wlth a refractory ceramic material. Thereafter, the ceramic material is dried and the formed piece 10 is burned off by heating the gas purging device so formed in order to clear the gas channel (purging slit) corresponding to the geometry of the formed piece.
The "closed" form of the purging channel contributes substantially to a simplified production of the gas purging device, because the described cylindrical form (frustrum form) guarantees a high stability of the formed piece and thus also a good dimensional stability in fabricating the gas purging device.
Claims (14)
1. A gas purging device of a refractory ceramic material, for metallurgical vessels, having at least an essentially cylindrical purging channel, characterized in that the purging channel, viewed in axial direction, has at least at its end facing the molten metal recesses alternating in radial direction.
2. The gas purging device according to claim 1, wherein the recesses, viewed in longitudinal section, have a meander-like shape.
3. The gas purging device according to claim 1, wherein the recesses, viewed in longitudinal section, have a wave-like shape.
4. The gas purging device according to claim 3, wherein the recesses, viewed in longitudinal section, have a sinusoidal shape.
5. The gas purging device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the wave-like shape in longitudinal section of the recesses consists of short portions extending at an acute angle of inclination with the horizontal and of long portions extending at an obtuse angle of inclination with the horizontal.
6. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, wherein the purging channel, in plan view, has a star-like shape.
7. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, wherein the purging channel, in plan view, has a circular shape with a wave-like contour.
8. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, wherein the recesses extend for about one third of the height of the purging channel.
9. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, wherein the recesses extend for about one half of the height of the purging channel.
10. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, wherein the recesses extend for about two thirds of the height of the purging channel.
11. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 10, wherein the purging channel, viewed in axial direction, is formed having varying cross sections.
12. The gas purging device according claim 11, wherein the purging channel, viewed in axial direction, is formed between its end facing the molten metal and its end opposite the molten metal with a tapering cross section, at least in portions.
13. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 12, wherein the portion of the area enclosed by the purging channel is smaller at the end facing the molten metal than at the end opposite the molten metal.
14. The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 13, wherein the refractory ceramic material is formed by a monolithic refractory material forming the bottom or the wall of a metallurgical melting vessel.
The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 13, wherein the refractory ceramic material has the form of a cuboid, a cylinder, or a conical frustrum.
The gas purging device according to anyone of claims 1 to 13, wherein the refractory ceramic material has the form of a cuboid, a cylinder, or a conical frustrum.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996119204 DE19619204C1 (en) | 1996-05-11 | 1996-05-11 | Gas flushing system |
| DE19619204.8 | 1996-05-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2226361A1 true CA2226361A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
Family
ID=7794155
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2226361 Abandoned CA2226361A1 (en) | 1996-05-11 | 1997-04-25 | A gas purging device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0840657A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2638797A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2226361A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19619204C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997043062A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005060432A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Pa-Ha-Ge Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse Gmbh & Co. Kg | flushing cones |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE609558C (en) * | 1935-02-18 | Ver Stahlwerke Akt Ges | Device for guiding the wind in converters | |
| FR1246855A (en) * | 1959-10-13 | 1960-11-25 | Creusot Forges Ateliers | Improvements to air blowing tubes for converter heads |
| JPS6036612A (en) * | 1983-08-06 | 1985-02-25 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Gas blowing nozzle for refining |
| DE3802657C1 (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1989-09-21 | Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De | |
| WO1989007659A1 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-24 | Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft | Gas-permeable block for metallurgical operations |
| DE3815664C1 (en) * | 1988-05-07 | 1989-06-15 | Burbach & Bender Ohg Esb Schweissbetrieb, 5900 Siegen, De | Gas bubble brick for metallurgical vessels and method for its manufacture |
| DE3907500C1 (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1990-08-23 | Radex-Heraklith Industriebeteiligungs Ag, Wien, At | Gas bubble brick with directed porosity and method for its manufacture |
| DE4126237A1 (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1993-03-04 | Radex Heraklith | PRE-PREPARED INSTALLATION ELEMENT FOR ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES AND RELATED ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES |
| WO1995033587A1 (en) * | 1994-06-08 | 1995-12-14 | Veitsch-Radex Aktiengesellschaft Für Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse | Scavening device for use with a metallurgical vessel, in particular a steel-making converter |
-
1996
- 1996-05-11 DE DE1996119204 patent/DE19619204C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-25 EP EP97918157A patent/EP0840657A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-04-25 WO PCT/EP1997/002135 patent/WO1997043062A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-04-25 CA CA 2226361 patent/CA2226361A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-25 AU AU26387/97A patent/AU2638797A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19619204C1 (en) | 1997-05-22 |
| EP0840657A1 (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| AU2638797A (en) | 1997-12-05 |
| WO1997043062A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |