CA2218058C - Top foil plate for hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearings - Google Patents

Top foil plate for hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearings Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2218058C
CA2218058C CA002218058A CA2218058A CA2218058C CA 2218058 C CA2218058 C CA 2218058C CA 002218058 A CA002218058 A CA 002218058A CA 2218058 A CA2218058 A CA 2218058A CA 2218058 C CA2218058 C CA 2218058C
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
bump foils
flat
foil
foils
foil plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA002218058A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2218058A1 (en
Inventor
Ronald M. Struziak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Technologies Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/424,027 external-priority patent/US5540505A/en
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Publication of CA2218058A1 publication Critical patent/CA2218058A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2218058C publication Critical patent/CA2218058C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F16C17/042Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only with flexible leaves to create hydrodynamic wedge, e.g. axial foil bearings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Abstract

The top foil (12) of a hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearing (10) is formed from a single flat annular disk with radial depressions (30) extending from the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the disk tha t protrude toward the foil plate (16) and define between adjacent depressions a working surface (39) that is configured to complement the foil bumpers (14) attached to the foil plate. The bump foils of the upper foil plate and the bump foils of the lower foil plates can be eith er in axial alignment or can be displaced relative to each other. When the two sets of bump foils are displaced, the leading edge (31) of the upper bump foils is disposed upstream (relative to the direction of the air stream entering the bump foils) of the leading edge (33) of the lower bump foils.

Description

~ CA 02218058 1997-10-10 , - ;
, , .. .. r Description Technical Field This invention relates to hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearings and particularly to the construction~of the S top foil plate.
Background Art This invention constitutes an improvement over US-A-4,462,700 granted to G. L. Agrawal on July 31, 1984 entitled "Hydrodynamic Fluid Film Thrust Bearing" (on which the two-part form of independent claim 1 is based).
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.. ,, , WO 96/33351 PC r!iI~96/0;:,080 As is well known in this technology, the thrust bearing consists of a plurality of the top foil plate segments and a plurality of segmented bump foils configured in wedge shape or _ pads. The top foil .plate segme~its fit over the segmented bump foils and each of the RAgments are attached to the upper face of a foil plate.
Hence, the number of top foil plate segments is identical to the number of the bump foil segments. The leading edge of the segments, i.e.
the top foil plates and the bump foils, are individually welded to the foil plate and are uniformly spaced around the circumference of the foil plate. The trailing edge is unattached and left free to move axially. The foil plate is an annularly shaped disk or washer like member and the inner diameter fits over the rotating shaft of the rotating machinery. The thrust bearing is sandwiched between the thrust runner and the thrust plate.
In this heretofore known thrust bearing design, each of the segments are welded to the foil plate and hence in a design that utilizes 7 pads of the bump foils and 7 pads of the top foil _ 2 _ ,-,.,~ ~,_;~~
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WO 96/33351 PCTIIiS~b/03080 there are 14 leading edges that are welded to the foil plate. This number of welds inherently produces an undesirable warpage to the thrust bearing which adversely affects the load carrying capacity of the bearing. Additionally, it is customary to coat the top surface of each of the top foil pads with a dry film lubricated coating to reduce friction during the rotating machine start-up and coastdown, inasmuch as this surface comes into contact with the thrust runner since the rotational speed is not sufficient to maintain an air film. Since each top foil pad is coated it has been found that the thickness and texture of the coating on each of the pads tends to vary and is not uniform.
G.je have found that wean improve these types of hydrodynamic foil bearings by fabricating the tog foil into a single piece that is relatively flat disk shaped similarly to the foil plate and is stamped into wedge shaped arcuate segments by a radial depression to define the top foils. The disk fits over the bump foils that are welded to the foil plate and the top foils stamped into the disk overlie the bump foils . The flat disk, which ~;~ ~. ;-;c r. ..
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is a one piece configuration, e~minates the welding requirement and the entire top surface is coated, thus eliminating the necessity of~coating individual pads.
This results in a more uniform thickness and texture of the dry lubricant coating.
- Reference ~s made to ER-A-2,458,707 wherein an hydrodynamic fluid .film thrust bearing is disclosed in .
which a plurality of bump foils are attached to a base member and a single flexible annular foil plate overlies the bump foils. The annular foil plate has a plurality of radially extending depressions aligned with the spaces between the bump foils to permit formation of the hydrodynamic at low speed. ' Summary of the Invention An object of this invention a.s to provide an improved hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearing which avoids the above recited disadvantages.
To achieve this, there 3.s provided in accordance with the invention a hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearing having an upper foil plate formed from a single piece configured into an annularly shaped member having a flat upper surface, a plurality of upper bump foils having opposite side edges circumferentially spaced on said flat surface, means for attaching one of said opposing side edges of said upper bump foils to said flat upper surface and permitting the other one of said opposing side edges to move axially, a top foil means overlying said upper bump foils, a lower annularly-shaped foil plate having a flat lower surface, a plurality of lower bump foils having opposing side edges identical in number to said upper bump foils and being circumferentially spaced on said flat lower surface, and means for attaching one of each of said opposing side edges of said lower bump foils to said flat lower surface and allowing the other of said opposing side edges to move axially, characterized in that said upper bump foils and said lower bump foils are substantially ~, ~..-;, ~'~ c~
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_ CA 02218058 1997-10-10 '; , ., , 4a offset relative to each other in circumferential direction and that said top foil means comprises a single top foil configured into a flat washer-shaped member having circumferentially spaced radially extending depressions projecting toward said upper foil plate and extending from the inner diameter of said washer member to the outer diameter of said Washer member, said single top foil having an upper surface and a lower surface, and having flat surface portions between adjacent depressions on said lower surface, said flat surface portions being configured to overlie and complement each of the upper bump foils, whereby the upper surface of said single top foil may be coated with a dry low friction lubricant in a single application.
By providing a top foil that is formed from a single sheet metal stock configured in a washer-like shaped disc having the foil pads complementing the bump foils stamped therein the necessity of welding individual pads to the top foil plate is eliminated thereby providing a single surface to be coated with a dry lubricant and minimizing or eliminating non-uniform thickness and texture of the coating.
The foregoing and other features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings.
'.! 1 ~~~ i ~~ ~ ~u w'O 96/33351 FCTIUS96103C80 , . .
. , .
..
Brief Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is an exploded view in perspective illustrating the details of this invention employed in a hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearing; and Fig.. 2 is a sectional view taken through the radial plane of the thrust bearing depicted in Fig. 1 c.=ith the burg foils being offset.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment l0 While this invention discloses different embodiments for practicing this invention, it is to be understood that as one skilled in this art will appreciate the invention has application for ether types of hydrodynamic fluid thrust bearings particularly where it is desirable to eliminate the necessity of fabricating the top foil into separate pads.
The invention is best understood by referring to Figs. 1-2 which disclose the thrust bearing generally inaicated by reference numeral 10 comprising a top foil plate 12, bump foils 14, v ~1.~P ~~ vL_ _, ~il .',:_t .

foil plate 16, foil plate 18 and bump foils 20.
As seen in Fig. 1 which is an exploded view in perspective, the nine (9) bump foils 14 consists of corrugated wedge shaped or truncated sector shaped pads 22 with the corrugations oriented radially spaced circumferentially around the flat outer face 24 of foil plate 16.
The backing spring consisting of the lower foil plate 18 which also has attached thereto nine (9) bump foils formed into corrugated wedge shaped pads 26 with the corrugations oriented similarly to the orientation of the pads 22.
Wedge shaped pads 26 are circumferentitially spaced around the under flat surface 28 of foil plate 18. ' The wedge shaped bump foils 14 and 20 which are made from a spring metallic material that is highly resilient provide compliancy to the thrust bearing which is required for proper air film formation. They also serve as springs so that a certain minimum preload may always be maintained by the thrust bearings when shimmed on opposite sides of a thrust runner to fix the runner's axial position within the rotary machine, such as WO 96/33351 ~ PCT,'USg~5103C8o ' ,, , an air cycle machine, on which it is being used.
The spring rate of the wedge shaped pads and foil plates are predicated on the particular parameters of the application for which they are ", 5 - intended for use. Likewise, as one skilled in this art will appreciate, the number of bump _ foils will likewise be predicated on the particular application. Attachment of the bump foils to the upper and lower foil plates is by any suitable means. As is well known, either the leading edge or trailing edge is welded, brazed or suitably joined to the foil plate and the opposite end, i.e. the leading or trailing edge, is left unattached so as to freely move in the axial direction. This aspect of the invention is well known and for further details thereof reference should be made to US-A-4,462,700.
In accordance with this invention, the top foil plate 12, is formed from a single flat ~u~rl~' shaped spring metallic material that is stamped to form radial depressions 30 with the apex 29 oriented downwardly facing the flat surface 24 of foil plate 16. The adjacent a .'.% ~
n ", ~~,t l.: .w s ~ L'~

,.
s ; . , ~, ' WO 96/33351 PC,'i'IUS9~I03080 ' , ' a depressions 30 define therebetween a plurality of wedge or sector shaped elevated portions 32 equalling in number and being substantially configured to the size and shape of each of the S bump foils 22 so as to define a working surface 39 to complement and cooperate therewith when in running operation. As noted in Figs 1-3, the sector portions overlie the bump foils 14 and serve the same purpose as the heretofore known individual top -foils. An example of the heretofore known top foils are described in L'S-A-4,462,700.
Since the top foil 12 is fabricated from a single piece it obviates the heretofore known problems incidental to coating the heretofore known individual top foils as described hereinabove. The upper surface of the top fail plate is coated with a well known dry film low friction lubricating material that serves to reduce friction during the start-up and coast-down of the rotating portion of the rotary machine. This is particularly important since this coating is in contact with the thrust runner whose rotational speed during start-up and coast-_ g _ 7~W: t~~ v ~~..;~.,.J
v..

. .
. :, ..: ~, WO 96!33351 ~ PC'T/Li5~6/03t380 ' ' ~, down is insufficient to maintain an air film.
As shown in Fig. 3 the leading edges 31 and 33 and the tra5_ling edges 35 and 37 of the bump foils 14 and 20, respectively are substantially 5_ displaced relative to each other in circumferential 'direction.
- This invention affords a number of advantages over the heretofore known hydrodyna.-nic fluid film thrust bearing, including, without limitations:
1) The fabrication of the top foil is simplified since it is made from a single piece;
2) The number of parts are reduced and hence inventory is likewise reduced;
3) The top foil is not welded to the foil plate which facilitates the assembly and manufacturing thereof; (Heretofore, the top foils and bump foils were both welded to the foil ,, ',~V~r;~ ~,-~v F" .

_ . , ". , "; , WO 96/33351 PCTiUS9q/03080 S
plate, and.'Lhis compound welding sometimes resulted in warpage of the thrust bearing, which reduces load carrying capacity thereof); and 4) Because the top foil coating is applied in one operation over the entire-surface of the top foil rather than to.the separate top foil pieces of the heretofore known thrust bearings, the thickness of the coating and its texture is more uniform.

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Claims (3)

CLAIMS:
1. A hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearing having an upper foil plate (16) formed from a single piece configured into an annularly shaped member having a flat upper surface, a plurality of upper bump foils (14) having opposite side edges (31, 35) circumferentially spaced on said flat surface, means for attaching one of said opposing side edges (31, 35) of said upper bump foils (14) to said flat upper surface and permitting the other one of said opposing side edges to move axially, a top foil means overlying said upper bump foils (14), a lower annularly-shaped foil plate (18) having a flat lower surface, a plurality of lower bump foils (20) having opposing side edges (33, 37) identical in number to said upper bump foils (14) and being circumferentially spaced on said flat lower surface, and means for attaching one of each of said opposing wide edges (33, 37) of said lower bump foils (20) to said flat lower surface and allowing the other of said opposing side edges (33, 37) to move axially, characterized in that said upper bump foils (14) and said lower bump foils (20) are substantially offset relative to each other in circumferential direction and that said top foil means comprises a single top foil (12) configured into a flat washer-shaped member having circumferentially spaced radially extending depressions (30) projecting toward said upper foil plate (16) and extending from the inner diameter of said washer member to the outer diameter of said washer member, said single top foil (12) having an upper surface and a lower surface, and having flat surface portions between adjacent depressions on said lower surface, said flat surface portions being configured to overlie and complement each of the upper bump foils (14), whereby the upper surface of said single top foil (12) may be coated with a dry low friction lubricant in a single application.
2. A hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opposing side edges (31, 35; 33, 37) of said upper bump foils (14) and said lower bump foils (20) include a leading edge and a trailing edge relative to the flow of fluid entering said thrust bearing, said leading edge (31) of said upper bump foils (14) being attached to said flat upper surface of said upper foil plate (16) and said trailing edge (35) being free to move axially.
3. A hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opposing side edges (31, 35; 33, 37) of said upper bump foils (14) and said lower bump foils (20) include a leading edge and a trailing edge relative to the flow of fluid entering said thrust bearing, said trailing edge (37) of said lower bump foils (20) being attached to said flat lower surface of said lower foil plate (18) and said leading edge (33) being free to move axially.
CA002218058A 1995-04-18 1996-03-05 Top foil plate for hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearings Expired - Fee Related CA2218058C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/424,027 US5540505A (en) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Top foil plate for hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearings
US08/424,027 1995-04-18
PCT/US1996/003080 WO1996033351A1 (en) 1995-04-18 1996-03-05 Top foil plate for hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearings

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2218058A1 CA2218058A1 (en) 1996-10-24
CA2218058C true CA2218058C (en) 2006-05-23

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CA002218058A Expired - Fee Related CA2218058C (en) 1995-04-18 1996-03-05 Top foil plate for hydrodynamic fluid film thrust bearings

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101443036B1 (en) * 2013-04-30 2014-09-22 한국기계연구원 Divided Combo bearing including air foil thrust bearing and metal mesh foil radial bearing

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Publication number Publication date
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