CA2216561A1 - Peristaltic fluid pumping and/or sludge separation device - Google Patents
Peristaltic fluid pumping and/or sludge separation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2216561A1 CA2216561A1 CA002216561A CA2216561A CA2216561A1 CA 2216561 A1 CA2216561 A1 CA 2216561A1 CA 002216561 A CA002216561 A CA 002216561A CA 2216561 A CA2216561 A CA 2216561A CA 2216561 A1 CA2216561 A1 CA 2216561A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- tube
- cage
- lay
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N medroxyprogesterone acetate Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CC(=O)C=C1[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)CC[C@H]21 PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPILHXCDZYWYLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nonyl-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1OCCO1 QPILHXCDZYWYLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101001006370 Actinobacillus suis Hemolysin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000851593 Homo sapiens Separin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100036750 Separin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013569 fruit product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/26—Filters with built-in pumps filters provided with a pump mounted in or on the casing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/114—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
- B01D29/115—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration open-ended, the arrival of the mixture to be filtered and the discharge of the concentrated mixture are situated on both opposite sides of the filtering element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/60—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
- B01D29/606—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by pressure measuring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/76—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
- B01D29/80—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying
- B01D29/82—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by compression
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/20—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using rotary pressing members, other than worms or screws, e.g. rollers, rings, discs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
A method and apparatus for pumping fluids, for evacuating a vessel and for filte ring a mixture of fluids and solids. The apparatus comprises a housing, a rotor cage having free running rollers arranged around th e circumference of the cage, and tubing arranged around the cage. The tubing is of two types, one for evacuating the vessel. The second which is of lay flat construction for performing the filtering of the mixture of fluids and solids by forcing the liquid out from the liquid/so lid mixture by means of squeezing and expansion of the tubing; the method and apparatus utilise peristaltic principles.
Description
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 FLUID P ~ PING SLUDGE SEPA~U~TION APPA~ATUS
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the pumping of fluids and, more particularly to the processing of mixtures of liquids and solids. For example, the invention can be used to separate liquids and solids in sludges, such as sewage sludges and agricultural slurries or in foodstuffs lo The method and apparatus can be used for the processing of waste water or waste liquids, carrying solids or particulate matter in any proportion. For example, the invention can be used for the dewatering o~ animal slurries, for the treatment of the liquid effluent from a vegetable washing plant, or the treatment of the liquid effluent from poultry packing plants, dairies and creameries and cheese making factories. It can also be used for treating industrial, municipal and commercial waste liquids, municipal sewage sludges including digested and non-digested primary and secondary sludges, industrial sludges such as paper and asbestos lik~ plant waste sludges and any other waste sludges and mixtures thereof.
Furthermore, the invention can be used for the extraction of juices from citrus fruits and other fruit products such as current and apple pulp, or even for separating the juice and fruit flesh from the pips, stalks, branches and leaves during the harvesting of grapes and ~lackcurrants.
By separating solids from liquids in solid/liquid mixtures, this facilitates the handling, transporting and use or dispersal of the residue solids and liquids.
According to one aspect of the present invention, we provide a method of separating solids from liquids in a mixture of liquids and solids, comprising the steps of pumping the mixture through a composite lay-flat tube comprising an internal lay-flat tube portion formed of filtering material, AMENDED SHEET.
IPEA/EP
, _ _ ., ~. V
1 CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 and around the internal lay-flat tube portion, an external lay-flat tube portion of impervious material, and wherein an inlet end of the internal portion is of larger cross sectional area than an outlet end thereof, by entraining the composite lay-flat tube around a rotary cage having rollers on its periph.ery, the cage being located within a housing with an arcua.te wall portion and the composite tube being located between the arcuate wall portion and the rollers, and causing the cage to rotate so that it forces pockets of lo the mixture along the tube from an inlet thereof to an outlet end 1hereof using peristaltic principles, thus causing liquid to be forced through the filtering material, and into the space between the internal and external lay-flat tube portions, and causing the said liquid to pass through at least one liquid outlet from said space, and causing the solids to be forced through an outlet of the internal lay-flat tube portion, and subjecting the interior of the housing to a pressure which is less than that surrounding the housing, by entraining a first lay-flat tube around the cage over the rollers so that the tube is located between the rollers and the part arcuate side wall, securing an outlet end of the tube to a first outlet in a wall of the closed housing, providing a non-return valve in the outlet of the tube, securing an opposite end of the tube to a rigid perforated me:mber secured within the housing, and rotation of the cage causing fluid from within the interior of the housing and passing into the interior of the lay-flat tube through the perforated member to be pumped in peristaltic manner through the tube and out of the first outlet, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid within the housing relative to that surrounding the housing, the reduced pressure causing the composite lay-flat tube to be inflated with the mixture to be separated.
Preferably, the external tube portion tapers and is of the same cross sectional area, e.g. diameter as the internal tube portion at its inlet end, but at the outlet end thereof, is of greater cross sectional area, e.g. diameter, AMEN :)ED SHEET
IPEAJEP
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 and communicates with two liquid outlets. preferably the tube portions are made up of circular lay-flat tubing.
Also according to this aspect of the invention, we provide apparatus for separating solids from liquids in a mixture of solids and liquids, comprising a closed housing having a side wall, at least part of which is arcuate, and a pair of spaced opposed end walls connected by said part arcuate side wall, a cage rotatable within the housing, the cage having rollers space~ around its periphery and a first lay-flat tube extending around the cage and located between the peripheries of the rollers and the internal surface of the arcuate side wall, one end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a first outlet in a wall of the housing and the opposite end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a perforated rigid member fixedly secured within the housing, and means to cause rotation of the cage such that air within the housing will be drawn through the perforations in the rigid member and pumped along the tube in peristaltic manner from the perforated member to the first outlet, there being a non-return valve located in the tube or outlet to prevent air from re-entering the tube, whereby the pressure within the housing is reduced relative to that around the housing, and further comprising a composite tube having an internal tube portion formed of filtering material and an external tube portion, surrounding the internal tube portion, and made of an impervious material, wherein the internal tube portion has an inlet end of larger cross sectional area than an outlet end thereof, the composite tube being entrained around at least part of the cage and located between the peripheries of the rollers and the internal surface of the arcuate part of the side wall, with its inlet and outlet ends being held stationary, so that when the cage is rotated, any mixture to be filtered and which is located within the composite tube will be forced through the tube using peristaltic principles, whereby solids are pumped from the inlet end of the internal tube portion and out of the outlet end, whereas liquids are AI~EN~ '3~v_T
l?E~ P
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 forced through the filtering material and out of an outlet of the extern.al tube portion.
Preferably, the external tube portion is connected at one end thereof t:o the inlet end of the internal tube portion and at the opposite thereof to the outlet end of the internal tube portion, with its outlet being located adjacent this end of the tube portion. Preferably, the external tube portion has a larger cross sectional area at its end connected to the outlet end of the internal tube portion. Preferably, at the outlet end of the internal tube portion, a plate is provided having a central aperture therein to wh:ich the outlet end of the internal tube portion is connected~ and the outlet end of the external tube lS portion is also connected to the plate there being at least two outlets for the external tube portion àlso provided in the plate.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, we provide apparatus for pumping peristaltically comprising a closed housin.g having a side wall, at least part of which is arcuate, and a pair of spaced opposed end walls connected by said part arcuate side wall, a cage rotatable within the housing, the cage having rollers spaced around its periphery and a first lay-flat tube extending around the cage and located between the peripheries of the rollers and the internal surface of the arcuate side wall, one end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a first outlet in a wall of the housing and the opposite end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a perforated rigid memberfixedly secured within the housing, and means to cause rotation of the cage such that air within the housing will be drawn through the perforations in the rigid member and pumped along the tube in peristaltic manner from the perforated member to the first outlet, there being a non-return valve located in the tube or outlet to prevent air from re-entering the tube, whereby the pressure within the housing is reduced relative to that around the housing, and AMENDED SHEE~T
I~E,4/EP
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 further comprising a second lay flat tube entrained over at least some of the rollers of the cage, so as to extend between the said rollers and the arcuate part of the side wall of the housing, one end of the second lay-flat tube being connected to a second outlet in a wall of the housing, and an opposite end thereof being connected to an inlet in a wall of the housing, there being a non return valve associated with the second outlet to prevent fluid from entering the housing at the second outlet, and wherein rotation of the cage not only reduces the pressure within the housing to cause the lay-flat tube to expand from its lay-flat state into a tubular state but also pushes material to be pumped along the second lay-flat tube from the inlet end to the outlet end.
Also according to this further aspect of the present invention, we provide a method of pumping peristaltically, comprising the steps of: forming a closed housing with a part arcuate side wall, causing a cage within the housing to be rotated so that rollers located at its periphery define a cylindrical arc spaced from but generally parallel to the internal surface of the part arcuate side wall, entraining a first lay-flat tube around the cage over the rollers so that the tube is located between the rollers and the part arcuate side wall, securing an outlet end of the tube to a first outlet in a wall of the closed housing, providing a non-return valve in the outlet of the tube, securing an opposite end of the tube to a rigid perforated member secured within the housing, and causing the cage to rotate so that fluid from within the interior of the housing and passing into the interior of the lay-flat tube through the perforated member is pumped in peristaltic manner through the tube and out of the first outlet, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid within the housing relative to that surrounding the housing and comprising the further steps of:
locating a second lay-flat tube within the housing, connecting one end of the second tube to an inlet in a wall of the housing and connecting an opposite end of the tube to AMEN~ED SHEET
I PEA/EP
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 a second outlet in the wall of the housing, and locating a central region of the lay-flat tube so that it extends around at least part of the cage and between the rollers, the cage and the part arcuate wall of the housing which wall is concentric with the rotational axis of the cage, whereby rotation of the cage will cause fluid within the second lay-flat tube to be forced along the tube from the inlet to the second outlet as the rollers rotate around the rotational axis of the cage, the reduced pressure in the housing causing the second lay-flat tube to be inflated with the fluid to be pumped between the rollers.
Preferably the radius of the internal periphery of the arcuate wall of the housing is only marginally larger than the radius of an arc subtended by a surface of the rollers when the cage is rotated so that there is just sufficient room for the ~ay-flat tubing to be located between the two arcuate surfaces. Alternatively, the spacing between the two arcuate surfaces may be somewhat larger, in which case the lay-flat tubing is entrained around the cage under tension.
Preferably, the spacing of the rotational axes of the rollers from the rotational axis of the cage is adjustable.
The arcuate part of the side wall of the housing may be semi-cylindrical and closely spaced from the parallel to the arc defined by the rotating rollers.
Alternatively, the side wall of the housing may be cylindrical, in which case it is not essential for the lay-flat tube to be closely sandwiched between the rollers and the internal surface of the housing, but in this instance it is preferred that the lay-flat tube is entrained under tension over the rollers on the cage.
Preferably, the apparatus for separating solids from liquids in a mixture of liquids and solids as described above and ~MEN~
IPE~I_P
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 6a the peristaltic pump as described above, are combined in a single apparat:us, the operation of which can perform both the above described methods together. This apparatus incorporates a single cage with rollers within a single housing and located within the housing around the cage are at least two lay-flat tubes, one for generating the reduced pressure within the housing and the other incorporating the composite tube so that both tubes are caused to inflate as a result of the reduced pressure being generated within the housing by the one tube and at the same time the other tube allows the peristaltic pumping and separation to occur, there being a single power source...........................
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W ~96131269 PCT~G~gC,'~S~
to cause rotat:ion of the cage.
Other pre~erred features of the methods and apparatuses described above will become apparent from the description with reference to drawings which follows herein.
The present invention is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a pumping unit.
Figure 2 is a plan view of a preferred rotor cage.
Figure 3 is a diagrammatic section of the pumping unit of figure l through an evacuating pipe.
Figure 4 i~ a diagrammatic section of the pumping unit offigure 1, through a filtering pipe.
Figure 5 is a plan view of a filtering tube.
Figure 6 is an outline section on line VI through the filtering tube.
Figure 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the pumping unit of figure l.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a pumping unit.
Figure 9 is a diagrammatic perspective of the pumping unit of figure 8.
Referring to Figure l, a pumping unit 1 has an outer housing 3 comprising a semi-cylindrical front 5, a top 7, a bottom 9, two sides 11 & 13 and a bac~: 15. A drive motor and gearbo~ assembly 17 is mounted on one of .he sides 11, 13 substantially aligned .;ith the ai:ial centre of the semi-CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W 096/31269 PCT/~b~G~
cylindrical front 5.
The outer housing 3, and motor and gearbox assembly 17 are mounted on a framework 19. A driveshaft 31 protruding into the interior of the outer housing 3 along the axis of the motor and gearbox assembly 17 is supported within the housing 3 by a bearing assembly (not shown). The bearing assembly is of an airtight design capable of maintaining a vacuum within the housing 3. The second side 13 of the housing 3 comprises a removable endplate, which when fitted to the housing 3 creates an air tight seal capable of maintaining a vacuum within the housing 3. The removable endplate is to permit the inside components of the pumping unit 1 to be serviced and/or adjusted. Onto the driveshaft, inside the housing 3, is axially mounted a cylindrical framework of members which can be described in general terms as a rotor cage 21, as shown in Figures 2-4 and 7.
The rotor cage 21 has two circular endplates 23 & 25, optionally linked by spacer bars 27 secured at intervals to the circular endplates 23 & 25. Eight bearing support channels 29 spaced at 45~ intervals to the central axis of the rotor cage 21 are formed in each endplate 23 & 25 of the circular rotor cage 21, to form a bearing support star. The support channels 29 extend radially outwardly from the drive shaft 31 to adjacent the circumferential edge of the endplates 23 & 25. An adjustment means 33 is located in each channel 29. The radially outermost end of the adjustment means 33 comprises a block 35. The two endplates 23 & 25 are aligned axially so that each support channel 29 aligns with the corresponding support channel 29 in the other endplate.
Rollers 37 are fitted between the endplates 23 & 25 attached to two corresponding blocks 35 such that the ends of the rollers 3, locate within the blocks 35, and the adjustment ~eans 33 provide adjustment for each roller 37 by changing the radiai position of the blocks 35 with respect to the CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W O96/31269 PCrlG~96~0859 endplates 23 & 25. The rollers 37 can therefore be set independently to positions where all the rollers 37 protrude the same radial distance from the centre of the driveshaft 31. By adjusting the rollers 37 to equidistant positions ~rom the central axis of the drive shaft 31, the rotor cage 21 rotates in balance.
The rollers 37 comprise free running cylinders extending substantially the full length of the rotor cage 21. The lo surface layer of the cylinders comprise a hard wearing material such as p.v.c. or nylon. The cylinders have central shafts 39, the ends of which are fitted to the blocks 35.
Referring to figures 3 to 7, there is situated between the rotor cage 21 and the internal surface 41 of the outer housing 3, lay flat tubing comprising at least one evacuating pipe 43 and at least one filtering pipe 45. The evacuating pipe 43 comprises a length of lay flat tubing, of length longer than half of the circumference of the rotor cage 21. Attached to the inside of the back 15 o~ the housing 3 are a first 44 and a second 47 pipe attachment point. The first attachment point 44 comprises a perforated tube 49 extending inside the housing 3 and with which the first end of the evacuating pipe 43 is engaged so that the perforations in the tube 49 are not covered by the evacuating pipe 43. The second pipe attachment point 47 is also attached to the back 15 of the housing, but in this instance, there is a hole in the back 15 through which a tube 53 passes. The tube 53 is sealably attached to the hole in the back 15 of the housing 3 and the end of the tube 53 inside the housing 3 is connected to the second end of the evacuating pipe 43. A non return valve 51 is fitted within the tube 53 which prevents air surrounding the housing 3 entering the interior of the housing 3, when the inside of the housing 3 is under low pressure. The valve 51 could be .;ithin the evacuating pipe ~3.
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W 096/31269 lO PCT/GB~
The evacuating pipe 43 passes under tension around part of the perimeter of the rotor cage 21 as shown in figures 3 and 7 so that the pipe 43 is tight against the rollers 37. The tension in the pipe 43 can be varied in many ways such as altering the radial displacement of the wrt with respect to rollers 37 the axis of the rotor cage 21, or by changing the position of the rotor cage 21 within the housing 3 such as by drawing it closer to the back 15 of the housing 3. The tension may need altering for many reasons such as varying temperature or reduced power of a drive motor turning the rotor cage 21.
Rotation of the rotor cage 21 causes evacuation of the inside of the housing 3. Because of the presence of the tube 49 in one end of the evacuating pipe 43, the lay flat tubing of the evacuation pipe 43 is not flat at the point at which the rotating rotor cage 21 causes a roller 37 to initiate contact with the evacuation pipe 43. As the rotor cage 21 continues to rotate, the air inside the evacuation pipe 43 just in front of the roller 37 gets trapped by the roller 37 as the lay flat tubing becomes squashed by the roller 37 against the inside face 53 of the housing front wall 5. This causes pockets of air to be formed between neighbouring rollers 37. The trapped pockets of air are then pushed along the pipe 43 towards the non return valve 51 through which they pass out of the housing 3. As pockets of air get "pumped" out of the housing 3, the pressure inside the housing 3 drops. This in turn causes the pockets of air inbetween the rollers 37 to swell, causing the rollers 37 to encapsulate more volume of air on each pass.
Air in the evacuating pipe 43 near the perforated tube 49 is maintained because the perforations permit the air in the housing 3 to pass into the pipe 43. The increased swelling of the evacuation pipe 43 causes the pump to become more efficient at low pressure.
The above described vacuum pump therefore operates on a peristaltic principle, b~ squeezing pockets of air along the CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W 096131269 PCT/GBSr'~-q'~
pipe 43.
Referring to figures 4-7, the filtering pipe 45 is a composite pipe comprising a first or internal lay flat pipe 57, made from a filtering material, tapering from a large input end 59 to a smaller end output end 61, and a second or external lay flat pipe 63 made from an impermeable material enveloping the first lay flat pipe 57 and preferably (although not necessarily) having a small end at the input lo end 59 and a larger end at the output end 61. The filtering pipe 45 is fitted around the rotor cage 21 in the same way as the evacuation page 43 and extends through the back 15 of the housing 3 as shown at 63, 65 in similar manner to the evacuating pipe 43. The output end 61 comprises three tubes 67 ~ 71, con~ected to an output terminal plate 72 and the input end 59 comprises one tube 69 connected to an input terminal plate 70. The terminal plates 70 and 72 optionally contain viewing ports to permit the condition of the mixture to be seen either prior to, during or post filtering. The apparatus can then be made to run either faster or slower depending upon what was seen. All the tubes 67, 69 & 71 of the filtering pipe 45 extend through the back 15 of the housing and thus communicate with the exterior of the housing, but each of the tubes 67 and 71 is fitted with a non return valve 73. Thus mixtures requiring filtering can be fed into the filtering pipe 45 at the input end 59 and pass out of the filtering pipe 45 at the output end 61.
The rotation of the rotor cage 21 causes the mixture to be filtered to be pushed along the filtering pipe 45 in the same manner as the air in the evacuating pipe 43. The mixture is preferably aerated so that the mixture which is usually a non expandable substance, will expand in the pipe 45, as it enters the filtering pipe 45, due to entering the pipe ~5 at 2 larger pressure than the inside of the housing 3. As the mi.xture is forced along the filtering pipe 45 by the rollers 3/, the air in the mixture expands through the filter material of the inner lay flat pipe 57 into the outer CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 part of the filtering pipe 45. The expansion draws the finer material out of the mixture through the filtering material 57. Because the size of the outer pipe 63 of the filtering pipe 45 gets continually bigger towards the output end 61 of the pipe 45, the expansion continues throughout the length of the filtering pipe 45. Conversely, the inner pipe 57 contracts towards the output end 61, thus squeezing the mixture, and forcing the finer material out of the mixture, through the filter material 57, and into the outer part of the pipe 45 . The fine part of the filtered mixture leaves the housing 3 via the two exit tubes 67, whereas the coarser part of the mixture leaves the housing 3 via the single exit tube 71.
The mixture to be filtered is pumped through the filtering pipe 45, and hence filtered, by forcing pockets of mixture along the pipe from the input end 59 to the output end 61 using a peristaltic principle.
Tests have proved that a partial vacuum of the order 7 to lO
inches (178 to 254 mm) of Mercury is effective for the efficient pumping operation of combined liquid/solids flow streams. The reference herein to a vacuum is intended to refer to a "negative" pressure, or partial vacuum of this order (or greater) and not to a "total" vacuum.
The speed of rotation of the rotor cage 21 controls the pumping speed of the pumping unit 1.
For accelerated vacuum build up, more than one evacuating pipe 43 can be incorporated.
To use the pumping unit 1 for pumping a fluid without filtering the fluid, a filtering pipe 45 with the filtering lay flat pipe 57 removed from inside the impermeable pipe 63 could be used.
~;ith wider pu,ping units l, ~ore than one filtering pipe 45 CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W O 96/31269 13 PCT/GB~GI~ F~
can be incorporated into the unit.
An advantageous feature of the invention is that none of the pipes require manual priming in order to start pumping since they are self priming.
The sizes of the pipes 43 & 45 are chosen to cope suitably with the material requiring pumping. High viscosity fluids would require a larger size filtering pipe than a less viscous fluid. Similarly, the filtering material is chosen to allow the filter to let only the required materials to pass through it. The space between the rollers and the internal surface of the semi-cylindrical face of the housing can also be varied depending on the materials to be pumped through and filtered by the pipes.
A further development of the filtering pipe 45 incorporates very small rubber pipes on the outer side of the filtering material 57, running the length of the filtering pipe 45.
These small pipes are made of a very soft rubber, such as A.S.T.M. (NR) with an intercellular linked formation which compresses rapidly when the rollers 37 pass over the filtering pipe 45. The rubber pipes prevent the inner pipe 57 from stic~ing to the outer pipe 63 whilst compressed.
To prevent the inner surface of the housing 3 from damaging the lay-flat tubing 43 and 45 during compression by the rollers 37, the inner surface of the housing 3 (and/or the outer surface of the rollers 37) can be coated with a nonabrasive material.
The action of the mixture being forced through the pipe acts as a self cleaning mechanism and only occasional thorough cleaning of the filter is necessary. This can be undertaken by "bac}:.;ashing".
The rollers can act as manglers breaking up the solid parts of a mixture. To this end the pumping unit can be adapted -CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 not only to filter and pump materials, but also to smooth a fluid. Crushing Pressures in excess of 80 psi are obtainable.
The inner face of the housing 3 is optionally lined with a layer of material which has cellular linkage formations.
An alternative embodiment is shown in figures 8 & 9 in which the pumping unit 80 comprises a substantially cylindrical lo housing ~2, a rotor cage 84 with four rollers 37, spacer bars 27, an evacuating pipe (not shown), and a filtering pipe (not shown).
The pumping process is achieved in a similar manner as with the preferred embodiment, but whereas previously the rollers forced the mixture and air to the output ends of the pipes by squeezing the lay flat pipes against the inner surface 55 of the semi-cylindrical front 5, the alternative embodiment forms the pockets of air and mixture by squeezing the pipes against the rollers 37 under the tension of the pipes around the rotor cage 84. In this manner, there is room inside the housing to attach the mounting points for the pipes to the housing wall at any point of the inside of the housing 82.
It is envisaged that the pumping unit will be mounted to the floor. However, mobile units, such as mounted on the back of a tanker, and portable units, such as small units for domestic use, are considered to be possible.
By using lat flat tubing (or piping) in the apparatus described above, in combination with a vacuum (reduced pressure) within the housing, considerable cost savings can be made. Such tubing is similar to hoses used by fire brigade and is very much less expensive than normal resiliently deformable circular tubing traditional used in peristaltic pumps. Furthermore, under the described vacuum conditions, such tubing ~ill rapidly regain its "circular"
shape, thus ~peeding up the pumping/separating operation and W O 96/31269 15 PCT/GB~'~0~3 hence the throughput of the apparatus.
The filtering process is generally to sparate liquids from solids. However, by using an appropriate filter, material containing liquids of different viscosities could be separated. One such use is cleaning oil from water after an oil spill.
Further considered uses are separating the oil from drilling mud during oil drilling, or separating water from soil at a dewatering sight of a civil engineering project on a marsh.
It will of course be understood that the present invention has been described above purely by way of example, and that modifications of detail can be made within the scope of the invention.
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the pumping of fluids and, more particularly to the processing of mixtures of liquids and solids. For example, the invention can be used to separate liquids and solids in sludges, such as sewage sludges and agricultural slurries or in foodstuffs lo The method and apparatus can be used for the processing of waste water or waste liquids, carrying solids or particulate matter in any proportion. For example, the invention can be used for the dewatering o~ animal slurries, for the treatment of the liquid effluent from a vegetable washing plant, or the treatment of the liquid effluent from poultry packing plants, dairies and creameries and cheese making factories. It can also be used for treating industrial, municipal and commercial waste liquids, municipal sewage sludges including digested and non-digested primary and secondary sludges, industrial sludges such as paper and asbestos lik~ plant waste sludges and any other waste sludges and mixtures thereof.
Furthermore, the invention can be used for the extraction of juices from citrus fruits and other fruit products such as current and apple pulp, or even for separating the juice and fruit flesh from the pips, stalks, branches and leaves during the harvesting of grapes and ~lackcurrants.
By separating solids from liquids in solid/liquid mixtures, this facilitates the handling, transporting and use or dispersal of the residue solids and liquids.
According to one aspect of the present invention, we provide a method of separating solids from liquids in a mixture of liquids and solids, comprising the steps of pumping the mixture through a composite lay-flat tube comprising an internal lay-flat tube portion formed of filtering material, AMENDED SHEET.
IPEA/EP
, _ _ ., ~. V
1 CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 and around the internal lay-flat tube portion, an external lay-flat tube portion of impervious material, and wherein an inlet end of the internal portion is of larger cross sectional area than an outlet end thereof, by entraining the composite lay-flat tube around a rotary cage having rollers on its periph.ery, the cage being located within a housing with an arcua.te wall portion and the composite tube being located between the arcuate wall portion and the rollers, and causing the cage to rotate so that it forces pockets of lo the mixture along the tube from an inlet thereof to an outlet end 1hereof using peristaltic principles, thus causing liquid to be forced through the filtering material, and into the space between the internal and external lay-flat tube portions, and causing the said liquid to pass through at least one liquid outlet from said space, and causing the solids to be forced through an outlet of the internal lay-flat tube portion, and subjecting the interior of the housing to a pressure which is less than that surrounding the housing, by entraining a first lay-flat tube around the cage over the rollers so that the tube is located between the rollers and the part arcuate side wall, securing an outlet end of the tube to a first outlet in a wall of the closed housing, providing a non-return valve in the outlet of the tube, securing an opposite end of the tube to a rigid perforated me:mber secured within the housing, and rotation of the cage causing fluid from within the interior of the housing and passing into the interior of the lay-flat tube through the perforated member to be pumped in peristaltic manner through the tube and out of the first outlet, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid within the housing relative to that surrounding the housing, the reduced pressure causing the composite lay-flat tube to be inflated with the mixture to be separated.
Preferably, the external tube portion tapers and is of the same cross sectional area, e.g. diameter as the internal tube portion at its inlet end, but at the outlet end thereof, is of greater cross sectional area, e.g. diameter, AMEN :)ED SHEET
IPEAJEP
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 and communicates with two liquid outlets. preferably the tube portions are made up of circular lay-flat tubing.
Also according to this aspect of the invention, we provide apparatus for separating solids from liquids in a mixture of solids and liquids, comprising a closed housing having a side wall, at least part of which is arcuate, and a pair of spaced opposed end walls connected by said part arcuate side wall, a cage rotatable within the housing, the cage having rollers space~ around its periphery and a first lay-flat tube extending around the cage and located between the peripheries of the rollers and the internal surface of the arcuate side wall, one end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a first outlet in a wall of the housing and the opposite end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a perforated rigid member fixedly secured within the housing, and means to cause rotation of the cage such that air within the housing will be drawn through the perforations in the rigid member and pumped along the tube in peristaltic manner from the perforated member to the first outlet, there being a non-return valve located in the tube or outlet to prevent air from re-entering the tube, whereby the pressure within the housing is reduced relative to that around the housing, and further comprising a composite tube having an internal tube portion formed of filtering material and an external tube portion, surrounding the internal tube portion, and made of an impervious material, wherein the internal tube portion has an inlet end of larger cross sectional area than an outlet end thereof, the composite tube being entrained around at least part of the cage and located between the peripheries of the rollers and the internal surface of the arcuate part of the side wall, with its inlet and outlet ends being held stationary, so that when the cage is rotated, any mixture to be filtered and which is located within the composite tube will be forced through the tube using peristaltic principles, whereby solids are pumped from the inlet end of the internal tube portion and out of the outlet end, whereas liquids are AI~EN~ '3~v_T
l?E~ P
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 forced through the filtering material and out of an outlet of the extern.al tube portion.
Preferably, the external tube portion is connected at one end thereof t:o the inlet end of the internal tube portion and at the opposite thereof to the outlet end of the internal tube portion, with its outlet being located adjacent this end of the tube portion. Preferably, the external tube portion has a larger cross sectional area at its end connected to the outlet end of the internal tube portion. Preferably, at the outlet end of the internal tube portion, a plate is provided having a central aperture therein to wh:ich the outlet end of the internal tube portion is connected~ and the outlet end of the external tube lS portion is also connected to the plate there being at least two outlets for the external tube portion àlso provided in the plate.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, we provide apparatus for pumping peristaltically comprising a closed housin.g having a side wall, at least part of which is arcuate, and a pair of spaced opposed end walls connected by said part arcuate side wall, a cage rotatable within the housing, the cage having rollers spaced around its periphery and a first lay-flat tube extending around the cage and located between the peripheries of the rollers and the internal surface of the arcuate side wall, one end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a first outlet in a wall of the housing and the opposite end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a perforated rigid memberfixedly secured within the housing, and means to cause rotation of the cage such that air within the housing will be drawn through the perforations in the rigid member and pumped along the tube in peristaltic manner from the perforated member to the first outlet, there being a non-return valve located in the tube or outlet to prevent air from re-entering the tube, whereby the pressure within the housing is reduced relative to that around the housing, and AMENDED SHEE~T
I~E,4/EP
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 further comprising a second lay flat tube entrained over at least some of the rollers of the cage, so as to extend between the said rollers and the arcuate part of the side wall of the housing, one end of the second lay-flat tube being connected to a second outlet in a wall of the housing, and an opposite end thereof being connected to an inlet in a wall of the housing, there being a non return valve associated with the second outlet to prevent fluid from entering the housing at the second outlet, and wherein rotation of the cage not only reduces the pressure within the housing to cause the lay-flat tube to expand from its lay-flat state into a tubular state but also pushes material to be pumped along the second lay-flat tube from the inlet end to the outlet end.
Also according to this further aspect of the present invention, we provide a method of pumping peristaltically, comprising the steps of: forming a closed housing with a part arcuate side wall, causing a cage within the housing to be rotated so that rollers located at its periphery define a cylindrical arc spaced from but generally parallel to the internal surface of the part arcuate side wall, entraining a first lay-flat tube around the cage over the rollers so that the tube is located between the rollers and the part arcuate side wall, securing an outlet end of the tube to a first outlet in a wall of the closed housing, providing a non-return valve in the outlet of the tube, securing an opposite end of the tube to a rigid perforated member secured within the housing, and causing the cage to rotate so that fluid from within the interior of the housing and passing into the interior of the lay-flat tube through the perforated member is pumped in peristaltic manner through the tube and out of the first outlet, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid within the housing relative to that surrounding the housing and comprising the further steps of:
locating a second lay-flat tube within the housing, connecting one end of the second tube to an inlet in a wall of the housing and connecting an opposite end of the tube to AMEN~ED SHEET
I PEA/EP
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 a second outlet in the wall of the housing, and locating a central region of the lay-flat tube so that it extends around at least part of the cage and between the rollers, the cage and the part arcuate wall of the housing which wall is concentric with the rotational axis of the cage, whereby rotation of the cage will cause fluid within the second lay-flat tube to be forced along the tube from the inlet to the second outlet as the rollers rotate around the rotational axis of the cage, the reduced pressure in the housing causing the second lay-flat tube to be inflated with the fluid to be pumped between the rollers.
Preferably the radius of the internal periphery of the arcuate wall of the housing is only marginally larger than the radius of an arc subtended by a surface of the rollers when the cage is rotated so that there is just sufficient room for the ~ay-flat tubing to be located between the two arcuate surfaces. Alternatively, the spacing between the two arcuate surfaces may be somewhat larger, in which case the lay-flat tubing is entrained around the cage under tension.
Preferably, the spacing of the rotational axes of the rollers from the rotational axis of the cage is adjustable.
The arcuate part of the side wall of the housing may be semi-cylindrical and closely spaced from the parallel to the arc defined by the rotating rollers.
Alternatively, the side wall of the housing may be cylindrical, in which case it is not essential for the lay-flat tube to be closely sandwiched between the rollers and the internal surface of the housing, but in this instance it is preferred that the lay-flat tube is entrained under tension over the rollers on the cage.
Preferably, the apparatus for separating solids from liquids in a mixture of liquids and solids as described above and ~MEN~
IPE~I_P
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 6a the peristaltic pump as described above, are combined in a single apparat:us, the operation of which can perform both the above described methods together. This apparatus incorporates a single cage with rollers within a single housing and located within the housing around the cage are at least two lay-flat tubes, one for generating the reduced pressure within the housing and the other incorporating the composite tube so that both tubes are caused to inflate as a result of the reduced pressure being generated within the housing by the one tube and at the same time the other tube allows the peristaltic pumping and separation to occur, there being a single power source...........................
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W ~96131269 PCT~G~gC,'~S~
to cause rotat:ion of the cage.
Other pre~erred features of the methods and apparatuses described above will become apparent from the description with reference to drawings which follows herein.
The present invention is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a pumping unit.
Figure 2 is a plan view of a preferred rotor cage.
Figure 3 is a diagrammatic section of the pumping unit of figure l through an evacuating pipe.
Figure 4 i~ a diagrammatic section of the pumping unit offigure 1, through a filtering pipe.
Figure 5 is a plan view of a filtering tube.
Figure 6 is an outline section on line VI through the filtering tube.
Figure 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the pumping unit of figure l.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a pumping unit.
Figure 9 is a diagrammatic perspective of the pumping unit of figure 8.
Referring to Figure l, a pumping unit 1 has an outer housing 3 comprising a semi-cylindrical front 5, a top 7, a bottom 9, two sides 11 & 13 and a bac~: 15. A drive motor and gearbo~ assembly 17 is mounted on one of .he sides 11, 13 substantially aligned .;ith the ai:ial centre of the semi-CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W 096/31269 PCT/~b~G~
cylindrical front 5.
The outer housing 3, and motor and gearbox assembly 17 are mounted on a framework 19. A driveshaft 31 protruding into the interior of the outer housing 3 along the axis of the motor and gearbox assembly 17 is supported within the housing 3 by a bearing assembly (not shown). The bearing assembly is of an airtight design capable of maintaining a vacuum within the housing 3. The second side 13 of the housing 3 comprises a removable endplate, which when fitted to the housing 3 creates an air tight seal capable of maintaining a vacuum within the housing 3. The removable endplate is to permit the inside components of the pumping unit 1 to be serviced and/or adjusted. Onto the driveshaft, inside the housing 3, is axially mounted a cylindrical framework of members which can be described in general terms as a rotor cage 21, as shown in Figures 2-4 and 7.
The rotor cage 21 has two circular endplates 23 & 25, optionally linked by spacer bars 27 secured at intervals to the circular endplates 23 & 25. Eight bearing support channels 29 spaced at 45~ intervals to the central axis of the rotor cage 21 are formed in each endplate 23 & 25 of the circular rotor cage 21, to form a bearing support star. The support channels 29 extend radially outwardly from the drive shaft 31 to adjacent the circumferential edge of the endplates 23 & 25. An adjustment means 33 is located in each channel 29. The radially outermost end of the adjustment means 33 comprises a block 35. The two endplates 23 & 25 are aligned axially so that each support channel 29 aligns with the corresponding support channel 29 in the other endplate.
Rollers 37 are fitted between the endplates 23 & 25 attached to two corresponding blocks 35 such that the ends of the rollers 3, locate within the blocks 35, and the adjustment ~eans 33 provide adjustment for each roller 37 by changing the radiai position of the blocks 35 with respect to the CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W O96/31269 PCrlG~96~0859 endplates 23 & 25. The rollers 37 can therefore be set independently to positions where all the rollers 37 protrude the same radial distance from the centre of the driveshaft 31. By adjusting the rollers 37 to equidistant positions ~rom the central axis of the drive shaft 31, the rotor cage 21 rotates in balance.
The rollers 37 comprise free running cylinders extending substantially the full length of the rotor cage 21. The lo surface layer of the cylinders comprise a hard wearing material such as p.v.c. or nylon. The cylinders have central shafts 39, the ends of which are fitted to the blocks 35.
Referring to figures 3 to 7, there is situated between the rotor cage 21 and the internal surface 41 of the outer housing 3, lay flat tubing comprising at least one evacuating pipe 43 and at least one filtering pipe 45. The evacuating pipe 43 comprises a length of lay flat tubing, of length longer than half of the circumference of the rotor cage 21. Attached to the inside of the back 15 o~ the housing 3 are a first 44 and a second 47 pipe attachment point. The first attachment point 44 comprises a perforated tube 49 extending inside the housing 3 and with which the first end of the evacuating pipe 43 is engaged so that the perforations in the tube 49 are not covered by the evacuating pipe 43. The second pipe attachment point 47 is also attached to the back 15 of the housing, but in this instance, there is a hole in the back 15 through which a tube 53 passes. The tube 53 is sealably attached to the hole in the back 15 of the housing 3 and the end of the tube 53 inside the housing 3 is connected to the second end of the evacuating pipe 43. A non return valve 51 is fitted within the tube 53 which prevents air surrounding the housing 3 entering the interior of the housing 3, when the inside of the housing 3 is under low pressure. The valve 51 could be .;ithin the evacuating pipe ~3.
CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W 096/31269 lO PCT/GB~
The evacuating pipe 43 passes under tension around part of the perimeter of the rotor cage 21 as shown in figures 3 and 7 so that the pipe 43 is tight against the rollers 37. The tension in the pipe 43 can be varied in many ways such as altering the radial displacement of the wrt with respect to rollers 37 the axis of the rotor cage 21, or by changing the position of the rotor cage 21 within the housing 3 such as by drawing it closer to the back 15 of the housing 3. The tension may need altering for many reasons such as varying temperature or reduced power of a drive motor turning the rotor cage 21.
Rotation of the rotor cage 21 causes evacuation of the inside of the housing 3. Because of the presence of the tube 49 in one end of the evacuating pipe 43, the lay flat tubing of the evacuation pipe 43 is not flat at the point at which the rotating rotor cage 21 causes a roller 37 to initiate contact with the evacuation pipe 43. As the rotor cage 21 continues to rotate, the air inside the evacuation pipe 43 just in front of the roller 37 gets trapped by the roller 37 as the lay flat tubing becomes squashed by the roller 37 against the inside face 53 of the housing front wall 5. This causes pockets of air to be formed between neighbouring rollers 37. The trapped pockets of air are then pushed along the pipe 43 towards the non return valve 51 through which they pass out of the housing 3. As pockets of air get "pumped" out of the housing 3, the pressure inside the housing 3 drops. This in turn causes the pockets of air inbetween the rollers 37 to swell, causing the rollers 37 to encapsulate more volume of air on each pass.
Air in the evacuating pipe 43 near the perforated tube 49 is maintained because the perforations permit the air in the housing 3 to pass into the pipe 43. The increased swelling of the evacuation pipe 43 causes the pump to become more efficient at low pressure.
The above described vacuum pump therefore operates on a peristaltic principle, b~ squeezing pockets of air along the CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W 096131269 PCT/GBSr'~-q'~
pipe 43.
Referring to figures 4-7, the filtering pipe 45 is a composite pipe comprising a first or internal lay flat pipe 57, made from a filtering material, tapering from a large input end 59 to a smaller end output end 61, and a second or external lay flat pipe 63 made from an impermeable material enveloping the first lay flat pipe 57 and preferably (although not necessarily) having a small end at the input lo end 59 and a larger end at the output end 61. The filtering pipe 45 is fitted around the rotor cage 21 in the same way as the evacuation page 43 and extends through the back 15 of the housing 3 as shown at 63, 65 in similar manner to the evacuating pipe 43. The output end 61 comprises three tubes 67 ~ 71, con~ected to an output terminal plate 72 and the input end 59 comprises one tube 69 connected to an input terminal plate 70. The terminal plates 70 and 72 optionally contain viewing ports to permit the condition of the mixture to be seen either prior to, during or post filtering. The apparatus can then be made to run either faster or slower depending upon what was seen. All the tubes 67, 69 & 71 of the filtering pipe 45 extend through the back 15 of the housing and thus communicate with the exterior of the housing, but each of the tubes 67 and 71 is fitted with a non return valve 73. Thus mixtures requiring filtering can be fed into the filtering pipe 45 at the input end 59 and pass out of the filtering pipe 45 at the output end 61.
The rotation of the rotor cage 21 causes the mixture to be filtered to be pushed along the filtering pipe 45 in the same manner as the air in the evacuating pipe 43. The mixture is preferably aerated so that the mixture which is usually a non expandable substance, will expand in the pipe 45, as it enters the filtering pipe 45, due to entering the pipe ~5 at 2 larger pressure than the inside of the housing 3. As the mi.xture is forced along the filtering pipe 45 by the rollers 3/, the air in the mixture expands through the filter material of the inner lay flat pipe 57 into the outer CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 part of the filtering pipe 45. The expansion draws the finer material out of the mixture through the filtering material 57. Because the size of the outer pipe 63 of the filtering pipe 45 gets continually bigger towards the output end 61 of the pipe 45, the expansion continues throughout the length of the filtering pipe 45. Conversely, the inner pipe 57 contracts towards the output end 61, thus squeezing the mixture, and forcing the finer material out of the mixture, through the filter material 57, and into the outer part of the pipe 45 . The fine part of the filtered mixture leaves the housing 3 via the two exit tubes 67, whereas the coarser part of the mixture leaves the housing 3 via the single exit tube 71.
The mixture to be filtered is pumped through the filtering pipe 45, and hence filtered, by forcing pockets of mixture along the pipe from the input end 59 to the output end 61 using a peristaltic principle.
Tests have proved that a partial vacuum of the order 7 to lO
inches (178 to 254 mm) of Mercury is effective for the efficient pumping operation of combined liquid/solids flow streams. The reference herein to a vacuum is intended to refer to a "negative" pressure, or partial vacuum of this order (or greater) and not to a "total" vacuum.
The speed of rotation of the rotor cage 21 controls the pumping speed of the pumping unit 1.
For accelerated vacuum build up, more than one evacuating pipe 43 can be incorporated.
To use the pumping unit 1 for pumping a fluid without filtering the fluid, a filtering pipe 45 with the filtering lay flat pipe 57 removed from inside the impermeable pipe 63 could be used.
~;ith wider pu,ping units l, ~ore than one filtering pipe 45 CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 W O 96/31269 13 PCT/GB~GI~ F~
can be incorporated into the unit.
An advantageous feature of the invention is that none of the pipes require manual priming in order to start pumping since they are self priming.
The sizes of the pipes 43 & 45 are chosen to cope suitably with the material requiring pumping. High viscosity fluids would require a larger size filtering pipe than a less viscous fluid. Similarly, the filtering material is chosen to allow the filter to let only the required materials to pass through it. The space between the rollers and the internal surface of the semi-cylindrical face of the housing can also be varied depending on the materials to be pumped through and filtered by the pipes.
A further development of the filtering pipe 45 incorporates very small rubber pipes on the outer side of the filtering material 57, running the length of the filtering pipe 45.
These small pipes are made of a very soft rubber, such as A.S.T.M. (NR) with an intercellular linked formation which compresses rapidly when the rollers 37 pass over the filtering pipe 45. The rubber pipes prevent the inner pipe 57 from stic~ing to the outer pipe 63 whilst compressed.
To prevent the inner surface of the housing 3 from damaging the lay-flat tubing 43 and 45 during compression by the rollers 37, the inner surface of the housing 3 (and/or the outer surface of the rollers 37) can be coated with a nonabrasive material.
The action of the mixture being forced through the pipe acts as a self cleaning mechanism and only occasional thorough cleaning of the filter is necessary. This can be undertaken by "bac}:.;ashing".
The rollers can act as manglers breaking up the solid parts of a mixture. To this end the pumping unit can be adapted -CA 02216~61 1997-09-26 not only to filter and pump materials, but also to smooth a fluid. Crushing Pressures in excess of 80 psi are obtainable.
The inner face of the housing 3 is optionally lined with a layer of material which has cellular linkage formations.
An alternative embodiment is shown in figures 8 & 9 in which the pumping unit 80 comprises a substantially cylindrical lo housing ~2, a rotor cage 84 with four rollers 37, spacer bars 27, an evacuating pipe (not shown), and a filtering pipe (not shown).
The pumping process is achieved in a similar manner as with the preferred embodiment, but whereas previously the rollers forced the mixture and air to the output ends of the pipes by squeezing the lay flat pipes against the inner surface 55 of the semi-cylindrical front 5, the alternative embodiment forms the pockets of air and mixture by squeezing the pipes against the rollers 37 under the tension of the pipes around the rotor cage 84. In this manner, there is room inside the housing to attach the mounting points for the pipes to the housing wall at any point of the inside of the housing 82.
It is envisaged that the pumping unit will be mounted to the floor. However, mobile units, such as mounted on the back of a tanker, and portable units, such as small units for domestic use, are considered to be possible.
By using lat flat tubing (or piping) in the apparatus described above, in combination with a vacuum (reduced pressure) within the housing, considerable cost savings can be made. Such tubing is similar to hoses used by fire brigade and is very much less expensive than normal resiliently deformable circular tubing traditional used in peristaltic pumps. Furthermore, under the described vacuum conditions, such tubing ~ill rapidly regain its "circular"
shape, thus ~peeding up the pumping/separating operation and W O 96/31269 15 PCT/GB~'~0~3 hence the throughput of the apparatus.
The filtering process is generally to sparate liquids from solids. However, by using an appropriate filter, material containing liquids of different viscosities could be separated. One such use is cleaning oil from water after an oil spill.
Further considered uses are separating the oil from drilling mud during oil drilling, or separating water from soil at a dewatering sight of a civil engineering project on a marsh.
It will of course be understood that the present invention has been described above purely by way of example, and that modifications of detail can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (26)
1. Apparatus for pumping peristaltically comprising a closed housing having a side wall(5), at least part of which is arcuate, and a pair of spaced opposed end walls(11,13) connected by said part arcuate side wall(5), a cage(21) rotatable within the housing(3), the cage(21) having rollers(37) spaced around its periphery and a first lay-flat tube extending around the cage(21) and located between the peripheries of the rollers(37) and the internal surface of the arcuate side wall(5), one end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a first outlet(47) in a wall of the housing and the opposite end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a perforated rigid member(49) fixedly secured within the housing(3), and means to cause rotation of the cage(21) such that air within the housing(3) will be drawn through the perforations in the rigid member(49) and pumped along the tube in peristaltic manner from the perforated member(49) to the first outlet(47), there being a non-return valve(51) located in the tube or outlet(47) to prevent air from re-entering the tube, whereby the pressure within the housing(3) is reduced relative to that around the housing(3), and further comprising a second lay flat tube(45) entrained over at least some of the rollers(37) of the cage(21), so as to extend between the said rollers(37) and the arcuate part of the side wall(5) of the housing(3), one end of the second lay-flat tube(47) being connected to a second outlet(65) in a wall of the housing(3), and an opposite end thereof being connected to an inlet(63) in a wall of the housing, there being a non return valve associated with the second outlet(65) to prevent fluid from entering the housing at the second outlet(65), and wherein rotation of the cage(21) not only reduces the pressure within the housing(3) to cause the lay-flat tube to expand from its lay-flat state into a tubular state but also pushes material to be pumped along the second lay-flat tube(47) from the inlet end(63) to the outlet end(65).
2. Apparatus for separating solids from liquids in a mixture of solids and liquids comprising a closed housing having a side wall(5), at least part of which is arcuate, and a pair of spaced opposed end walls(11,13) connected by said part arcuate side wall(5), a cage(21) rotatable within the housing(3), the cage(21) having rollers(37) spaced around its periphery and a first lay-flat tube extending around the cage(21) and located between the peripheries of the rollers(37) and the internal surface of the arcuate side wall(5), one end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a first outlet(47) in a wall of the housing and the opposite end of the first lay-flat tube being connected to a perforated rigid member(49) fixedly secured within the housing(3), and means to cause rotation of the cage(21) such that air within the housing(3) will be drawn through the perforations in the rigid member(49) and pumped along the tube in peristaltic manner from the perforated member(49) to the first outlet(47), there being a non-return valve(51) located in the tube or outlet(47) to prevent air from re-entering the tube, whereby the pressure within the housing(3) is reduced relative to that around the housing(3), and further comprising a composite tube having an internal tube portion(57) formed of filtering material and an external tube portion(63), surrounding the internal tube portion, and made of an impervious material, wherein the internal tube portion(57) has an inlet end of larger cross sectional area than an outlet end thereof, the composite tube being entrained around at least part of the cage(21) and located between the peripheries of the rollers(37) and the internal surface of the arcuate part of the side wall(5), with its inlet and outlet ends being held stationary, so that when the cage(21) is rotated, any mixture to be filtered and which is located within the composite tube will be forced through the tube using peristaltic principles, whereby solids are pumped from the inlet end of the internal tube portion(57) and out of the outlet end, whereas liquids are forced through the filtering material and out of an outlet of the external tube portion(63).
3. Apparatus according to Claims 1 or 2 wherein the arcuate side wall(5) is part cylindrical.
4. Apparatus according to Claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the rollers(37) have axes parallel to the rotary axis of the cage(21).
5. Apparatus according to Claim 4 wherein the cage(21) is journalled with the two end walls(11,13) for rotation about the axis of the cage(21), the cage(21) having a slightly smaller radius than that of the arcuate wall part(5).
6. Apparatus according to any one of Claims 2-5 wherein the composite tube is entrained over the cage(21) under tension.
7. Apparatus according to any one of Claims 2-6 wherein the external tube portion(63) tapers and is of the same cross sectional area as the internal tube portion(57) at its inlet end, but at the outlet end thereof, is of greater cross sectional area, e.g. diameter, and communicates with at least one liquid outlet.
8. Apparatus according to any one of Claims 2 to 7 wherein the internal and external tube portions(57,63) are made up of circular lay-flat tubing.
9. Apparatus according any one of Claims 2-8 wherein the external tube portion(63) is connected at one end thereof to the inlet end of the internal tube portion(57) and at the opposite thereof to the outlet end of the internal tube portion(57), with its outlet being located adjacent this end of the tube portion.
10. Apparatus according to Claim 9 wherein the external tube portion(63) has a larger cross sectional area at its end connected to the outlet end of the internal tube portion(57).
11. Apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 10 wherein at the outlet end of the internal tube portion(57), a plate(72) is provided having a central aperture therein to which the outlet end of the internal tube portion is connected, and the outlet end of the external tube portion(63) is also connected to the plate(72), there being at least two outlets for the external tube portion(63) also provided in the plate(72).
12. Apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein the reduced pressure within the housing(3) causes the lay-flat tube to expand from its lay-flat state into a tubular state.
13. Apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein the spacing of the rollers(37) from the arcuate part of the side wall(5) is adjustable.
14. Apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein the radius of the internal periphery of the arcuate part of the side wall(5) is only marginally larger than the radius of an arc at that point subtended by a surface of the rollers(37) when the cage(21) is rotated so that there is just sufficient room for the lay-flat tubing to be located between the two arcuate surfaces.
15. Apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein the lay-flat tube is entrained around the cage(21) under tension.
16. Apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein the rollers(37) are supported for rotation about their longitudinal axes between the spaced end walls(11,13) of the housing(3), the end walls(11,13) being parallel with each other.
17. Apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein the spacing of the rotational axes of the rollers(37) from the rotational axis of the cage(21) is adjustable.
18. Apparatus for pumping peristaltically substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings,
19. Apparatus for separating solids from liquids in a mixture of solids and liquids, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
20. A method of pumping peristaltically comprising the steps of: forming a closed housing with a part arcuate side wall(5), causing a cage(21) within the housing(3) to be rotated so that rollers(37) located at its periphery define a cylindrical arc spaced from but generally parallel to the internal surface of the part arcuate side wall(5), entraining a first lay-flat tube around the cage(21) over the rollers(37) so that the tube is located between the rollers(37) and the part arcuate side wall(5), securing an outlet end of the tube to a first outlet in a wall of the closed housing(3), providing a non-return valve in the outlet of the tube, securing an opposite end of the tube to a rigid perforated member(49) secured within the housing(3), and causing the cage(21) to rotate so that fluid from within the interior of the housing and passing into the interior of the lay-flat tube through the perforated member(49) is pumped in peristaltic manner through the tube and out of the first outlet, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid within the housing(3) relative to that surrounding the housing(3)and comprising the further steps of: locating a second lay-flat tube within the housing(3), connecting one end of the second tube to an inlet in a wall of the housing(3) and connecting an opposite end of the tube to a second outlet in the wall of the housing(3), and locating a central region of the lay-flat tube so that it extends around at least part of the cage(21) and between the rollers(37) the cage(21) and the part arcuate wall(5) of the housing(3) which wall(5) is concentric with the rotational axis of the cage(21), whereby rotation of the cage(21) will cause fluid within the second lay-flat tube to be forced along the tube from the inlet to the second outlet as the rollers(37) rotate around the rotational axis of the cage(21), the reduced pressure in the housing causing the second lay-flat tube to be inflated with the fluid to be pumped between the rollers(37).
21. A method of separating solids from liquids in a mixture of liquids and solids, comprising the steps of:
pumping the mixture through a composite lay-flat tube comprising an internal lay-flat tube portion(57) formed of filtering material, and around the internal lay-flat tube portion(57), an external lay-flat tube portion(63) of impervious material, and wherein an inlet end of the internal portion(57) is of larger cross sectional area than an outlet end thereof, by entraining the composite lay-flat tube around a rotary cage(21) having rollers(37) on its periphery, the cage(21) being located within a housing(3) with an arcuate wall portion(5) and the composite tube being located between the arcuate wall portion(5) and the rollers(37), and causing the cage(21) to rotate so that it forces pockets of the mixture along the tube from an inlet thereof to an outlet end thereof using peristaltic principles, thus causing liquid to be forced through the filtering material, and into the space between the internal and external lay-flat tube portions(57,63), and causing the said liquid to pass through at least one liquid outlet from said space, and causing the solids to be forced through an outlet of the internal lay-flat tube portion(57), and subjecting the interior of the housing(3) to a pressure which is less than that surrounding the housing(3), by entraining a first lay-flat tube around the cage (21) over the rollers (37) so that the tube is located between the rollers (37) and the part arcuate side wall (5), securing an outlet end of the tube to a first outlet in a wall of the closed housing (3), providing a non-return valve in the outlet of the tube, securing an opposite end of the tube to a rigid perforated member (40) secured within the housing (3), and rotation of the cage (21) causing fluid from within the interior of the housing and passing into the interior of the lay-flat tube through the perforated member(49) to be pumped in peristaltic manner through the tube and out of the first outlet, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid within the housing (3) relative to that surrounding the housing (3), the reduced pressure causing the composite lay-flat tube to be inflated with the mixture to be separated.
pumping the mixture through a composite lay-flat tube comprising an internal lay-flat tube portion(57) formed of filtering material, and around the internal lay-flat tube portion(57), an external lay-flat tube portion(63) of impervious material, and wherein an inlet end of the internal portion(57) is of larger cross sectional area than an outlet end thereof, by entraining the composite lay-flat tube around a rotary cage(21) having rollers(37) on its periphery, the cage(21) being located within a housing(3) with an arcuate wall portion(5) and the composite tube being located between the arcuate wall portion(5) and the rollers(37), and causing the cage(21) to rotate so that it forces pockets of the mixture along the tube from an inlet thereof to an outlet end thereof using peristaltic principles, thus causing liquid to be forced through the filtering material, and into the space between the internal and external lay-flat tube portions(57,63), and causing the said liquid to pass through at least one liquid outlet from said space, and causing the solids to be forced through an outlet of the internal lay-flat tube portion(57), and subjecting the interior of the housing(3) to a pressure which is less than that surrounding the housing(3), by entraining a first lay-flat tube around the cage (21) over the rollers (37) so that the tube is located between the rollers (37) and the part arcuate side wall (5), securing an outlet end of the tube to a first outlet in a wall of the closed housing (3), providing a non-return valve in the outlet of the tube, securing an opposite end of the tube to a rigid perforated member (40) secured within the housing (3), and rotation of the cage (21) causing fluid from within the interior of the housing and passing into the interior of the lay-flat tube through the perforated member(49) to be pumped in peristaltic manner through the tube and out of the first outlet, thereby reducing the pressure of the fluid within the housing (3) relative to that surrounding the housing (3), the reduced pressure causing the composite lay-flat tube to be inflated with the mixture to be separated.
22. A method according to Claim 20 or 21 wherein, the arcuate part of the side wall(5) of the housing(3) is formed as part of a cylinder and is closely spaced from and parallel to the arc defined by the rotating rollers(37).
23. A method according to Claim 20 or 21 wherein the side wall(5) of the housing(3) is formed as a cylinder and wherein the lay-flat tube is entrained under tension over the rollers(37) on the cage.
24. A method according to any of Claims 20-23 wherein both the tubes are under tension.
25. A method of pumping peristaltically substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
26. A method of separating solids from liquids in a mixture of liquids and solids substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9507311.0 | 1995-04-07 | ||
GBGB9507311.0A GB9507311D0 (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1995-04-07 | Sewage sludge separation apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2216561A1 true CA2216561A1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
Family
ID=10772755
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002216561A Abandoned CA2216561A1 (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1996-04-04 | Peristaltic fluid pumping and/or sludge separation device |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0819023A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11503803A (en) |
AU (1) | AU5283196A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2216561A1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB9507311D0 (en) |
TR (1) | TR199701123T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996031269A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1129289A1 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2001-09-05 | Albury Bourne Ltd. | Peristaltic fluid pumping and/or separation apparatus |
ES2155401B1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-12-16 | Vazquez Figueroa Rial Alberto | DEVICE FOR FILTERING A FLUID. |
ES2155393B1 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2001-12-16 | Vazquez Figueroa Rial Alberto | DEVICE FOR FILTERING FLUIDS. |
WO2000074813A1 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2000-12-14 | Vazquez Figueroa Rial Alberto | Device for filtering fluids |
ES2155812B1 (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2001-12-01 | Vazquez Figueroa Rial Alberto | A DEVICE FOR FILTERING A FLUID. |
WO2011102934A1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-08-25 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pulse jet air cleaner systems; evacution valve arrangements; air cleaner components; and, methods |
BR112015015800A2 (en) | 2013-01-14 | 2017-07-11 | Cummins Filtration Ip Inc | cleanable filter and methods for cleaning filter element and system installed filter |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2200158B2 (en) * | 1972-01-04 | 1974-08-01 | Klaus Dipl.-Ing. 6460 Gelnhausen Jourdan | Process for fractionating solid-like particles in suspension in a separate, flocculated or agglomerated form and apparatus for carrying out the process |
FR2232345A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-01-03 | Chanet Jacques | Semi-continuous sepn. of cheese curds from whey - by compressing mixt. as it passes through whey-permeable pipe |
US4043918A (en) * | 1976-05-24 | 1977-08-23 | Reed Irrigation Systems | Self cleaning filter assembly with fluttering inner filter member |
US4169795A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1979-10-02 | National Patent Development Corporation | Low profile filter |
EP0470333B1 (en) * | 1990-08-07 | 1997-07-09 | Katsuo Hosokawa | Flexible tube for volume displacement machine |
DE4126089A1 (en) * | 1991-08-07 | 1993-02-11 | Braun Melsungen Ag | Flexible tube for peristaltic pump - has non-return valve in deformable section of outlet |
US5281112A (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1994-01-25 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Self regulating blood pump with controlled suction |
-
1995
- 1995-04-07 GB GBGB9507311.0A patent/GB9507311D0/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-04-04 JP JP8530120A patent/JPH11503803A/en active Pending
- 1996-04-04 CA CA002216561A patent/CA2216561A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-04-04 AU AU52831/96A patent/AU5283196A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-04-04 TR TR97/01123T patent/TR199701123T1/en unknown
- 1996-04-04 WO PCT/GB1996/000859 patent/WO1996031269A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-04-04 EP EP96909266A patent/EP0819023A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-04-04 GB GB9607258A patent/GB2299524A/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH11503803A (en) | 1999-03-30 |
GB2299524A8 (en) | 1996-11-04 |
AU5283196A (en) | 1996-10-23 |
GB9607258D0 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
GB9507311D0 (en) | 1995-05-31 |
EP0819023A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
WO1996031269A1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
TR199701123T1 (en) | 1998-02-21 |
GB2299524A (en) | 1996-10-09 |
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