CA2216189A1 - One-step semi-quantitative/multiple items test kit - Google Patents
One-step semi-quantitative/multiple items test kit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2216189A1 CA2216189A1 CA002216189A CA2216189A CA2216189A1 CA 2216189 A1 CA2216189 A1 CA 2216189A1 CA 002216189 A CA002216189 A CA 002216189A CA 2216189 A CA2216189 A CA 2216189A CA 2216189 A1 CA2216189 A1 CA 2216189A1
- Authority
- CA
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- Prior art keywords
- semi
- band
- test
- analyte
- quantitative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003018 immunoassay Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003127 radioimmunoassay Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009007 Diagnostic Kit Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009597 pregnancy test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940127121 immunoconjugate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 101100491335 Caenorhabditis elegans mat-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000011022 Chorionic Gonadotropin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010062540 Chorionic Gonadotropin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940084986 human chorionic gonadotropin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036046 immunoreaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002826 placenta Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012113 quantitative test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/558—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54386—Analytical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/585—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with a particulate label, e.g. coloured latex
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
In the field of medical diagnosis, determination of analytes such as hormones, proteins, antibodies or antigens is very important to the diagnostic of medical status. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) are among the most common method for quantifying such substances However, these methods are usually time consuming and technically demanding, especial for small sample number. In this invention, an inexpensive method of semi-quantifying the analyte in biological samples is invented.
This invention can also determine more than one analytes with a single test kit. The device is using the principle of the one-step colloidal gold immunoassay for semi-quantifying purpose. By comparing the color intensity of the built-in semi-quantitative control with the test result, an estimated concentration of the analyte can be obtained.
Also, between each band, a visible marker line will be used to distinguish among bands.
This diagnostic kit with internal semi-quantitative capability may be used for fertility tests, infectious diseases tests and other one step diagnostic tests.
This invention can also determine more than one analytes with a single test kit. The device is using the principle of the one-step colloidal gold immunoassay for semi-quantifying purpose. By comparing the color intensity of the built-in semi-quantitative control with the test result, an estimated concentration of the analyte can be obtained.
Also, between each band, a visible marker line will be used to distinguish among bands.
This diagnostic kit with internal semi-quantitative capability may be used for fertility tests, infectious diseases tests and other one step diagnostic tests.
Description
Specification:
This invention related to the one-step colloidal gold two-site sandwich immllnoassay test kit for the determination of substances such as proteins, antibodies, hollllolles or antigens (analyte). One-step two-site sandwich immunc.~say is con~i~te~ of three major parts, those are: the colloidal gold-monoclonal or/and polyclonal antibody conjugate, a test region coated with monoclonal or/and polyclonal antibodies and a control region coated with monoclonal or/and polyclonal antibodies. The second and the third part are usually a piece of reaction membrane such as nitrocellulose melllbl~le. During the test, the sample is added on to a region co~ inillg colloidal gold antibody co~jug~te The target sul.slal ce, if any, present in the sample will bind with the precoated antibody, which is conj~lg~ed with colloidal gold. The whole complex will move up to the reaction region by capillary action. The sul,s~ce-colloidal gold complex will then bind with the pre-coated antibody on the test region. Because of the color of the colloidal gold conjug~te a .
distinct red line will be seen on this region. If the analyte is not present in the sample the colloidal gold complex will not react with the test region, hence no red line is formed.
The third region(control region) will react with the antibody portion of the colloidal gold complex regardless the presence of the analyte, so that, a distinct red color band will appear to prove the test is valid. A typical appe~ ~nce of a diagnostic test is shown in Fig 1 andFig2.
This invention related to the one-step colloidal gold two-site sandwich immllnoassay test kit for the determination of substances such as proteins, antibodies, hollllolles or antigens (analyte). One-step two-site sandwich immunc.~say is con~i~te~ of three major parts, those are: the colloidal gold-monoclonal or/and polyclonal antibody conjugate, a test region coated with monoclonal or/and polyclonal antibodies and a control region coated with monoclonal or/and polyclonal antibodies. The second and the third part are usually a piece of reaction membrane such as nitrocellulose melllbl~le. During the test, the sample is added on to a region co~ inillg colloidal gold antibody co~jug~te The target sul.slal ce, if any, present in the sample will bind with the precoated antibody, which is conj~lg~ed with colloidal gold. The whole complex will move up to the reaction region by capillary action. The sul,s~ce-colloidal gold complex will then bind with the pre-coated antibody on the test region. Because of the color of the colloidal gold conjug~te a .
distinct red line will be seen on this region. If the analyte is not present in the sample the colloidal gold complex will not react with the test region, hence no red line is formed.
The third region(control region) will react with the antibody portion of the colloidal gold complex regardless the presence of the analyte, so that, a distinct red color band will appear to prove the test is valid. A typical appe~ ~nce of a diagnostic test is shown in Fig 1 andFig2.
1. Control region ( pre-coated with antibody against the antibody portion of the colloidal gold conjugate) 2. Test region ( pre-coated with antibody against the analyte) 3. Colloidal Gold conjugate region ( pre-coated with colloidal gold-antibody conjugate, which the antibody is against the analyte) Fig 1. Side view of a one-step diagnostic test Control ~egion Test region Negative Positive Fig.2 Top view of a bpical one-step diagnostic test (Positive and negative results) For most clinical important substances eg. hormones or protein markers, an estim~tion of concentration is required for precise clinical inte~ elaLion. In many cases, if the patient is conr~ ed with the presence of the tested analyte, if the concentration is required, the sample is usually re-collect for either EIA or RIA.
Even though the color intensity of the test bands are related to the concentration of the target substance in the sample, the current One-step colloidal gold two-site sandwich immunoassay is, however, inaccurate for semi-qu~ live purpose because the high dose hook effect limitation.
High dose hook effect is a phenomenon which the color intensity of the test banddecreasing as the concentration of the analyte increasing. Therefore, it is not possible to ~listin~ h between low concentration and very high concentration of the analyte presence in the sample. The high dose hook effect makes the one step diagnostic test not suitable for semi-qu~ live purpose.
I have found out that this limitation can be overcome by providing an extra 'semi-qu~ntit;~tive~ band and modify the control band. Such bands allow user to estim~te the concentration of the analyte without affected by the high dose hook effect.
On the 'semi-qu~ntit~tive' band, monoclonal antibody against mouse immunoglobin is coated. And on the 'control band', monoclonal antibody against colloidal gold particles is coated. During the test the color intensity of the control band will not affected by the concentration of the analyte, i.e. the color intensity of the control band will always the same to serve as a reference color. When the semi-qu~ntit~tive band is darker than the control band, it means that the color intensity of the test band is directly proportional to the conce~ ion of the analyte. When the semi-qu~ntit~tive band is lighter that or equal to the control band, it means that the color intensity of the test band is inversely plupolLional to the concentration ofthe analyte.
A color ~Illpalison chart is included with the test kit, which can be used for direct comparison to obtain the inrol ma~ion on the range of the analyte.
Between each band, there is a visible marker line print on, this is for the purpose of tin~ h the function of each band.
Figure 3 which illustrate the appearance and principle of the invention.
1. Semi-qu~ntit~tive band (pre-coated with monoclonal/polyclonal antibody against the antibody portion of the colloidal gold conjugate) 2. Control band (pre-coated with monoclonaVpolyclonal antibody against the colloidal gold conjugate) 3. Test region (pre-coated with monoclonal/polyclonal antibody against the analyte) Fig3. Side view of the reaction part of the semi-quantitative one stepimmunoassay test.
Semi~ t;l ~;ve region --~,~ ~ I~ Control regio Test region A B. C.
Fig 4. Top view of the reaction part of the semi-quantitative test kit (three cases) A. When the semi-qu~ a~;ve band at the semi-q~l~ntit~tive region is darker than the control band, it means the that the concentration of the analyte in sample is directly proportional to the color intensity of the test band at the test region.
B. When the color intensity of the semi-q~ ;ve band is the same as the control band, this is the point where further higher concentration of the analyte will change the test region to a lesser color intensity.
C. When the color intensity of the semi-q~l~ntitative band is lighter than the control band, it means that the lighter the color of the test band it is, the higher theconcentration of the analyte.
Examples:
The following examples illustrate this invention without, however, limiting the same thereto.
TEST KIT FOR HORMONES
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the developing placenta shortly a~er fertilization. hCG can be detected in serum and urine of pregnancy women as early as 6 to 15 days after conception. Most of the pregnancy test is by means of testing the presence of hCG.
By using the concept of this invention, the one step pregnancy test kit can be used for semi-qu~ ive purpose. There are three sites on the nitrocellulose membrane whereimmllnoreaction occur. 1. The test region, 2. The semi-qll~ntit~tive region, and 3. The control region. During the test, i.e. immerse the test strip into the urine and serum, the beta sub-unit of hCG in patient's urine or serum, if any, will react with colloidal gold-anti-hCG conjugate. The complex will move upward to the test region by capillaryaction. The alpha sub-unit of hCG will then bind to the anti-alpha hCG anitbody which is coated on the test region. This is the so called sandwich immuno-reaction and hCG, in this case, acts as a bridge between the two antibodies. For positive result, a color band will appear on test region because of the colloidal gold. Absence of the color band suggests a negative result. To serve as a control and control, a color band at the control region will always appear regardless of the presence of hCG in the test specimen.
The one-step semi-qll~ntit~tive pregnancy test kit is shown in Fig. 5. The tip of the test kit (part 5 as shown below) is immen~ed into sample during the testing. The sample will move to a piece of nitrocellulose membrane which colllaills part 2,3,and 4, which corresponding to semi-q~l~ntit~tive region, control region and the test region respectively.
D DD,~ / ~
1. Absorbent mat 2. Antibody coated (anti-mouse IgG) semi-qll~ntit~tive region 3. Antibody coated (anti-colloidal gold) control region 4. Antibody coated (anti-hCG) test region 5. Colloidal gold-antibody conjugate region Fig: 5 One-step Semi-quantitative Pregnancy test A color reference card will be accompany with the test kit for semi-quantify of hCG, as showed in Fig.6.
C ~ ~__ c~ L ~ _ ~ ,=
T ~ _ OmIU/ml lOmIU/ml SOmIU/m1 200mIU~ml 5IU/ml 50IU/ml 200IU/ml Concentration of hCG in sample Fig.6 Semi-quantitative Color Reference Card EXAM[PLE 2.
TEST FOR TWO HORMONES:
The described test strip can able to detect both hCG and Luteini7:in~ Hormone (LH) in one test strip. Fig.7 demonstrate the appearance of one step hCG/LH combination test strip.
Control band HCG band LH band Fig. 7 Illustration of a hCG and LH combination one step test strip On a single device both anti-hCG and anti-LH are coated on two di~ele,.L region which separated by visible marker lines.
Even though the color intensity of the test bands are related to the concentration of the target substance in the sample, the current One-step colloidal gold two-site sandwich immunoassay is, however, inaccurate for semi-qu~ live purpose because the high dose hook effect limitation.
High dose hook effect is a phenomenon which the color intensity of the test banddecreasing as the concentration of the analyte increasing. Therefore, it is not possible to ~listin~ h between low concentration and very high concentration of the analyte presence in the sample. The high dose hook effect makes the one step diagnostic test not suitable for semi-qu~ live purpose.
I have found out that this limitation can be overcome by providing an extra 'semi-qu~ntit;~tive~ band and modify the control band. Such bands allow user to estim~te the concentration of the analyte without affected by the high dose hook effect.
On the 'semi-qu~ntit~tive' band, monoclonal antibody against mouse immunoglobin is coated. And on the 'control band', monoclonal antibody against colloidal gold particles is coated. During the test the color intensity of the control band will not affected by the concentration of the analyte, i.e. the color intensity of the control band will always the same to serve as a reference color. When the semi-qu~ntit~tive band is darker than the control band, it means that the color intensity of the test band is directly proportional to the conce~ ion of the analyte. When the semi-qu~ntit~tive band is lighter that or equal to the control band, it means that the color intensity of the test band is inversely plupolLional to the concentration ofthe analyte.
A color ~Illpalison chart is included with the test kit, which can be used for direct comparison to obtain the inrol ma~ion on the range of the analyte.
Between each band, there is a visible marker line print on, this is for the purpose of tin~ h the function of each band.
Figure 3 which illustrate the appearance and principle of the invention.
1. Semi-qu~ntit~tive band (pre-coated with monoclonal/polyclonal antibody against the antibody portion of the colloidal gold conjugate) 2. Control band (pre-coated with monoclonaVpolyclonal antibody against the colloidal gold conjugate) 3. Test region (pre-coated with monoclonal/polyclonal antibody against the analyte) Fig3. Side view of the reaction part of the semi-quantitative one stepimmunoassay test.
Semi~ t;l ~;ve region --~,~ ~ I~ Control regio Test region A B. C.
Fig 4. Top view of the reaction part of the semi-quantitative test kit (three cases) A. When the semi-qu~ a~;ve band at the semi-q~l~ntit~tive region is darker than the control band, it means the that the concentration of the analyte in sample is directly proportional to the color intensity of the test band at the test region.
B. When the color intensity of the semi-q~ ;ve band is the same as the control band, this is the point where further higher concentration of the analyte will change the test region to a lesser color intensity.
C. When the color intensity of the semi-q~l~ntitative band is lighter than the control band, it means that the lighter the color of the test band it is, the higher theconcentration of the analyte.
Examples:
The following examples illustrate this invention without, however, limiting the same thereto.
TEST KIT FOR HORMONES
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the developing placenta shortly a~er fertilization. hCG can be detected in serum and urine of pregnancy women as early as 6 to 15 days after conception. Most of the pregnancy test is by means of testing the presence of hCG.
By using the concept of this invention, the one step pregnancy test kit can be used for semi-qu~ ive purpose. There are three sites on the nitrocellulose membrane whereimmllnoreaction occur. 1. The test region, 2. The semi-qll~ntit~tive region, and 3. The control region. During the test, i.e. immerse the test strip into the urine and serum, the beta sub-unit of hCG in patient's urine or serum, if any, will react with colloidal gold-anti-hCG conjugate. The complex will move upward to the test region by capillaryaction. The alpha sub-unit of hCG will then bind to the anti-alpha hCG anitbody which is coated on the test region. This is the so called sandwich immuno-reaction and hCG, in this case, acts as a bridge between the two antibodies. For positive result, a color band will appear on test region because of the colloidal gold. Absence of the color band suggests a negative result. To serve as a control and control, a color band at the control region will always appear regardless of the presence of hCG in the test specimen.
The one-step semi-qll~ntit~tive pregnancy test kit is shown in Fig. 5. The tip of the test kit (part 5 as shown below) is immen~ed into sample during the testing. The sample will move to a piece of nitrocellulose membrane which colllaills part 2,3,and 4, which corresponding to semi-q~l~ntit~tive region, control region and the test region respectively.
D DD,~ / ~
1. Absorbent mat 2. Antibody coated (anti-mouse IgG) semi-qll~ntit~tive region 3. Antibody coated (anti-colloidal gold) control region 4. Antibody coated (anti-hCG) test region 5. Colloidal gold-antibody conjugate region Fig: 5 One-step Semi-quantitative Pregnancy test A color reference card will be accompany with the test kit for semi-quantify of hCG, as showed in Fig.6.
C ~ ~__ c~ L ~ _ ~ ,=
T ~ _ OmIU/ml lOmIU/ml SOmIU/m1 200mIU~ml 5IU/ml 50IU/ml 200IU/ml Concentration of hCG in sample Fig.6 Semi-quantitative Color Reference Card EXAM[PLE 2.
TEST FOR TWO HORMONES:
The described test strip can able to detect both hCG and Luteini7:in~ Hormone (LH) in one test strip. Fig.7 demonstrate the appearance of one step hCG/LH combination test strip.
Control band HCG band LH band Fig. 7 Illustration of a hCG and LH combination one step test strip On a single device both anti-hCG and anti-LH are coated on two di~ele,.L region which separated by visible marker lines.
Claims
Claims:
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as a method for determining the concentration of a substance present in a sample comprising:
(a) using colloidal gold conjugate as labelling;
(b) coating a third line which is concentration independent to act as the semi-quantitative control band; and, (c) using a reference color card for comparing the color intensity of the test band and semi-quantitative band for semi-quantitative band for semi-quantifying a substance.
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as a method for determining the concentration of a substance present in a sample comprising:
(a) using colloidal gold conjugate as labelling;
(b) coating a third line which is concentration independent to act as the semi-quantitative control band; and, (c) using a reference color card for comparing the color intensity of the test band and semi-quantitative band for semi-quantitative band for semi-quantifying a substance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002216189A CA2216189A1 (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1997-11-12 | One-step semi-quantitative/multiple items test kit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002216189A CA2216189A1 (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1997-11-12 | One-step semi-quantitative/multiple items test kit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2216189A1 true CA2216189A1 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
Family
ID=29275045
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002216189A Abandoned CA2216189A1 (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1997-11-12 | One-step semi-quantitative/multiple items test kit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2216189A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1416276A1 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2004-05-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Biosensors and measurement method |
| WO2017122089A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-20 | Diagnos Tear, Ltd. | Method for measuring tear constituents in a tear sample |
| US10527628B2 (en) | 2015-05-01 | 2020-01-07 | Diagnostear, Ltd. | Method for measuring tear constituents in a tear sample |
| CN111686826A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-22 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Micro-fluidic chip with layered structure and application thereof |
-
1997
- 1997-11-12 CA CA002216189A patent/CA2216189A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1416276A1 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2004-05-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Biosensors and measurement method |
| EP1416276A4 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2005-08-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Biosensors and measurement method |
| US7790439B2 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2010-09-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Biosensor and measurement method |
| US10527628B2 (en) | 2015-05-01 | 2020-01-07 | Diagnostear, Ltd. | Method for measuring tear constituents in a tear sample |
| US11499980B2 (en) | 2015-05-01 | 2022-11-15 | Diagnostear, Ltd. | Method for measuring tear constituents in a tear sample |
| WO2017122089A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-20 | Diagnos Tear, Ltd. | Method for measuring tear constituents in a tear sample |
| EP3402385A4 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2019-06-12 | DiagnosTear, Ltd. | Method for measuring tear constituents in a tear sample |
| CN111686826A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-22 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Micro-fluidic chip with layered structure and application thereof |
| CN111686826B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2023-05-23 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Microfluidic chip with layered structure and application thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |