CA2213376A1 - Hand tool with resilient grip - Google Patents
Hand tool with resilient gripInfo
- Publication number
- CA2213376A1 CA2213376A1 CA 2213376 CA2213376A CA2213376A1 CA 2213376 A1 CA2213376 A1 CA 2213376A1 CA 2213376 CA2213376 CA 2213376 CA 2213376 A CA2213376 A CA 2213376A CA 2213376 A1 CA2213376 A1 CA 2213376A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- wrench
- resilient material
- metal core
- recited
- handle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Landscapes
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The wrench has a metal core, with a substantial portion of its handle portion having a resilient material integrally bonded thereto to provide a somewhat resilient grip. The resilient material may be a natural rubber or a thermoplastic.
Preferably, the metal core has at least one opening therethrough, through which the resilient material passes for integral bonding with itself. Alternatively, the core may have a number of grooves or ribs for the resilient material to extend into, for better bonding and prevention of slippage relative to the metal core. The wrench is produced by first producing a metal core, next plating at least operative portions of the wrench, and then injection molding a thermoplastic material over the core, or laying natural rubber over the core and then vulcanizing.
Preferably, the metal core has at least one opening therethrough, through which the resilient material passes for integral bonding with itself. Alternatively, the core may have a number of grooves or ribs for the resilient material to extend into, for better bonding and prevention of slippage relative to the metal core. The wrench is produced by first producing a metal core, next plating at least operative portions of the wrench, and then injection molding a thermoplastic material over the core, or laying natural rubber over the core and then vulcanizing.
Description
HAND TOOL WITH RESILIENT GRIP
This invention relates to hand tools, and in particular to a hand tool such as a wrench (open end, combination, adjustable, pipe, or ratchet driver), having a 5 resilient grip portion.
Traditionally, wrenches have been manufactured by hot drop forging or casting for example, then trimming as required, broaching for sizing, polishing the surfaces, stamping/embossing/engraving information as required, and finally plating with chromium.
In the invention, the wrench has a metal core, with a substantial portion of its handle portion having a resilient material integrally bonded thereto to provide a somewhat resilient grip. The resilient material may be a natural rubber or a thermoplastic. Preferably, the metal core has at least one opening therethrough, through which the resilient material passes for integral bonding with itself. Alternatively, the core may have a number of grooves or ribs for the resilient material to extend into, for better bonding and prevention of slippage relative to the metal core. The wrench is produced by first producing a metal core, next plating at least operative portions of the wrench, and then injection molding a thermoplastic material over the core, or laying natural rubber over the core and then vulcanizing.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, by way of example only, in which:
Fig. 1 is a side view of the wrench's core;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the wrench's core;
Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the core;
Fig. 4 is a side view of the finished wrench, with the plastic or rubber grip portion extending the entire length of the handle portion;
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the finished wrench;
Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the finished wrench;
Fig. 7 is a side view of the core of an alternative embodiment of the wrench;
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 9 is a cross-section of the alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 10 is a side view of the finished alternative embodiment of the wrench, in which the plastic or rubber grip portion covers only the central portion of the handle;
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the finished alternative embodiment;
Fig. 12 is a cross-section of the finished alternative embodiment;
Fig. 13 is a side view of the core of a second alternative embodiment of the wrench;
Fig. 14 is a plan view of the second alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 15 is a cross-section of the second alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 16 is a side view of the finished second alternative embodiment of the wrench, in which the plastic or rubber grip portion covers only the middle of the central portion of the handle, leaving metal edges exposed;
Fig. 17 is a plan view of the finished second alternative embodiment;
Fig. 18 is a cross-section of the finished second alternative embodiment;
and Fig. 19 is a side view of another very similar embodiment, in which the plastic or rubber portion has an unribbed outer surface.
Fig. 20 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the inclined recess;
Fig. 23 is a top view of the connecting member according to an alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 24 is a top view of two wrenches joined to the connecting member according to the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view of two wrenches joined to the connecting member according to the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 26 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 27 is a side view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 28 is a bottom view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the magnet;
Fig. 31 is a side view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the hanger assembly;
Fig. 32 is a front view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the hanger assembly; and Fig. 33 is a front view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the hanger assembly securing a number of wrenches.
In the invention, the wrench is first hot drop forged, and then trimmed and slotted to produce the core 1 shown in Figs. 1 to 3. Broaching is then carried out for proper sizing, and polishing is carried out. However, only the wrench ends 2 need to be polished, since only the ends are exposed. This results in a significant cost saving.
Stamping/embossing/engraving is not required at all, which results in further savings.
The next step is plating with zinc or nickel. Only the exposed ends of the wrench need to be plated, resulting in a cost saving and a substantial environmental benefit. The environmental benefit is by virtue of less plating being involved, and by virtue of the fact that either less chromium or no chromium at all can be used in the plating. Chromium is commonly used in wrenches to avoid rusting resulting from contact with perspiration, etc.. That is less of a factor in this case since only the ends are exposed, and they do not come into contact with the hands as much.
The next step is either injection molding of a suitable resilient material 3 20 such as natural rubber or any thermoplastic material such as, but not limited to, SANTOPRENE (trademark) or ENGAGE (trademark), vinyls, thermoplastic resins, urethanes, SURLYN (trademark), etc., or laying on of natural rubber which is then vulcanized. This produces the shape shown in Figs. 4 to 6. Contrasted with merely overlaying a layer of plastic or rubber as may have been done in the past, in the invention the plastic or rubber becomes an integrally bonded portion of the handle.
Thus the core does not have the shape of a conventional wrench handle, but instead is configured to allow for a substantial rubber or plastic portion which is an integral part 5 of the handle rather than being essentially an add-on, and which will normally be designed to give the handle a final shape which is somewhat different from that of the core alone.
As one example, the ENGAGE (trademark) material mentioned above is suitable in that it is a polyolefin elastomer produced by DuPont Dow Elastomers, 10 supplied in the form of low density free-flowing pellets. Its hardness (Shore A) is typically 72, its flexural modulus (tangent) is 3,070 psi, and its flexural modulus (secant) is 2,560 psi. Other properties are readily available to the public through published product specifications. These properties represent one example of a suitable material, but it should be apparent that a wide range of these properties would still achieve the 15 desired result.
There is no need to engrave or otherwise place markings in the metal, since the brand, size, applicable warnings, part numbers, etc. can be introduced into the surface of the plastic or rubber during the molding or vulcanizing process, i.e. as part of the mold. This facilitates, for example, colour-coding for both metric and SAE
20 sizes, to assist in identification and selection of the correct tool.
As examples of the grips, Figs. 1 to 6 illustrate the preferred embodiment in which the plastic or rubber grip covers substantially all of the wrench except for the two end portions. Figs. 7 to 12 show an embodiment in which only the central portion of the handle 4 is encased in plastic or rubber 6, the distal ends 5 of the handle portion being provided with a matte finish or the like, such as by sandblasting.
Figs. 13 to 18 illustrate an alternative embodiment, in which the handle 7 is not fully encased. The plastic or rubber 8 is molded onto the handle as shown, 5 leaving the outer edges 9 of the handle exposed.
Fig. 19 shows a configuration for the outer surface 10 of the plastic or rubber, which is not ribbed. This may be preferable in terms of being easier to clean and less prone to dirt or grease accumulation. The surface preferably has a somewhat textured surface, which may or may not be in bands as illustrated.
In each case, whether with a wrench or with other tools, the handle is preferably provided with one or several slots or holes, through which the plastic or rubber can flow to ensure better bonding of the plastic or rubber. In alignment with one of the slots, an optional hole through the rubber or plastic can be provided to facilitate hanging the wrench from a nail or peg or the like. Instead of slots or holes, grooves or ribs could be forged onto the shaft around which the material is molded or vulcanized.
This will prevent slippage of the rubber around the shaft while in use.
The invention thus produces a number of advantages set out below First of all, it produces a "warm feel" of rubber instead of steel on the grip area.
It provides a greater comfort factor, by virtue of the handle being rounded and somewhat resilient instead of straight and rigid.
Superior slip resistance is provided by the plastic or rubber, ensuring a safer more secure grip even with greasy hands. A smootherfinish will facilitate cleanup of oils and grease after use.
The slightly resilient grip provides better shock and vibration isolation and 5 resistance.
The sizes, brand names, warnings, etc. molded into the rubber handles are more "user friendly", and offer the possibility of producing color-coordinated handles, for example blue for SAE sizes and red for metric sizes.
The manufacturing process is more cost effective and more 10 environmentally friendly than previous processes, particularly by virtue of less chromium or no chromium being used in plating.
The handle design and slight resilience thereof reduces fatigue in the worker's hand.
A weight reduction of approximately 10 to 17 percent may be achieved 15 with little or no loss in strength.
The handle may provide a degree of electrical insulation.
A number of useful features may be molded to the rubber handles at low cost. For example, Figs. 20 - 22 show an alternative embodiment of the invention, where a male T-slot 15 is molded within one side of the resilient handle 3, and a female 20 T-slot 16 is molded to the other side of the handle to accept the male slot of an identical wrench handle. A number of wrenches can then be attached to each other for easy storage. In addition, an inclined recess 17 is defined within the handle so that the wrench may be suspended from a hook or other member (not shown).
Figs. 23 - 25 show another alternative embodiment where two male T-slots 15 are molded to opposing sides of a handle 3 and are secured within a female T-slot 18 defined within the sides of a connecting member 19.
Figs. 26 - 30 show an alternative embodiment where a pocket 20 is 5 defined within a side of the handle to accommodate a magnet 21 to allow the tool to be stored against a metal surface. The handle prevents the magnet from coming into contact with the metal section of the tool, and, accordingly, the magnet does not magnetize the tool. A rubber cover (not shown) may be pulled over the magnet when stored in a tool case. Two notches 22 are defined within each side the handle to mate 10 with double hooks 23 protruding outwardly from a hanger assembly 24 adapted to accommodate any suitable number of wrenches.
As best shown in Figs 31 - 33, the hanger assembly comprises a body 25 of any suitable shape, such as a generally flat rectangular body shown in the drawings, and an integrally molded handle 26 is secured to the top edge thereof. A plurality of 15 double hooks 23 are aligned vertically along the center of the body, and secured thereto by any suitable means, such as, for example, the hooks being integrally molded to the body. A number of hand tools of various sizes manufactured according to this embodiment of the invention can be stored on the hanger assembly and carried by the user to the job site.
This invention relates to hand tools, and in particular to a hand tool such as a wrench (open end, combination, adjustable, pipe, or ratchet driver), having a 5 resilient grip portion.
Traditionally, wrenches have been manufactured by hot drop forging or casting for example, then trimming as required, broaching for sizing, polishing the surfaces, stamping/embossing/engraving information as required, and finally plating with chromium.
In the invention, the wrench has a metal core, with a substantial portion of its handle portion having a resilient material integrally bonded thereto to provide a somewhat resilient grip. The resilient material may be a natural rubber or a thermoplastic. Preferably, the metal core has at least one opening therethrough, through which the resilient material passes for integral bonding with itself. Alternatively, the core may have a number of grooves or ribs for the resilient material to extend into, for better bonding and prevention of slippage relative to the metal core. The wrench is produced by first producing a metal core, next plating at least operative portions of the wrench, and then injection molding a thermoplastic material over the core, or laying natural rubber over the core and then vulcanizing.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, by way of example only, in which:
Fig. 1 is a side view of the wrench's core;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the wrench's core;
Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the core;
Fig. 4 is a side view of the finished wrench, with the plastic or rubber grip portion extending the entire length of the handle portion;
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the finished wrench;
Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the finished wrench;
Fig. 7 is a side view of the core of an alternative embodiment of the wrench;
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 9 is a cross-section of the alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 10 is a side view of the finished alternative embodiment of the wrench, in which the plastic or rubber grip portion covers only the central portion of the handle;
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the finished alternative embodiment;
Fig. 12 is a cross-section of the finished alternative embodiment;
Fig. 13 is a side view of the core of a second alternative embodiment of the wrench;
Fig. 14 is a plan view of the second alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 15 is a cross-section of the second alternative embodiment's core;
Fig. 16 is a side view of the finished second alternative embodiment of the wrench, in which the plastic or rubber grip portion covers only the middle of the central portion of the handle, leaving metal edges exposed;
Fig. 17 is a plan view of the finished second alternative embodiment;
Fig. 18 is a cross-section of the finished second alternative embodiment;
and Fig. 19 is a side view of another very similar embodiment, in which the plastic or rubber portion has an unribbed outer surface.
Fig. 20 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the inclined recess;
Fig. 23 is a top view of the connecting member according to an alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 24 is a top view of two wrenches joined to the connecting member according to the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view of two wrenches joined to the connecting member according to the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 26 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 27 is a side view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 28 is a bottom view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the magnet;
Fig. 31 is a side view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the hanger assembly;
Fig. 32 is a front view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the hanger assembly; and Fig. 33 is a front view of the alternative embodiment of the invention showing the hanger assembly securing a number of wrenches.
In the invention, the wrench is first hot drop forged, and then trimmed and slotted to produce the core 1 shown in Figs. 1 to 3. Broaching is then carried out for proper sizing, and polishing is carried out. However, only the wrench ends 2 need to be polished, since only the ends are exposed. This results in a significant cost saving.
Stamping/embossing/engraving is not required at all, which results in further savings.
The next step is plating with zinc or nickel. Only the exposed ends of the wrench need to be plated, resulting in a cost saving and a substantial environmental benefit. The environmental benefit is by virtue of less plating being involved, and by virtue of the fact that either less chromium or no chromium at all can be used in the plating. Chromium is commonly used in wrenches to avoid rusting resulting from contact with perspiration, etc.. That is less of a factor in this case since only the ends are exposed, and they do not come into contact with the hands as much.
The next step is either injection molding of a suitable resilient material 3 20 such as natural rubber or any thermoplastic material such as, but not limited to, SANTOPRENE (trademark) or ENGAGE (trademark), vinyls, thermoplastic resins, urethanes, SURLYN (trademark), etc., or laying on of natural rubber which is then vulcanized. This produces the shape shown in Figs. 4 to 6. Contrasted with merely overlaying a layer of plastic or rubber as may have been done in the past, in the invention the plastic or rubber becomes an integrally bonded portion of the handle.
Thus the core does not have the shape of a conventional wrench handle, but instead is configured to allow for a substantial rubber or plastic portion which is an integral part 5 of the handle rather than being essentially an add-on, and which will normally be designed to give the handle a final shape which is somewhat different from that of the core alone.
As one example, the ENGAGE (trademark) material mentioned above is suitable in that it is a polyolefin elastomer produced by DuPont Dow Elastomers, 10 supplied in the form of low density free-flowing pellets. Its hardness (Shore A) is typically 72, its flexural modulus (tangent) is 3,070 psi, and its flexural modulus (secant) is 2,560 psi. Other properties are readily available to the public through published product specifications. These properties represent one example of a suitable material, but it should be apparent that a wide range of these properties would still achieve the 15 desired result.
There is no need to engrave or otherwise place markings in the metal, since the brand, size, applicable warnings, part numbers, etc. can be introduced into the surface of the plastic or rubber during the molding or vulcanizing process, i.e. as part of the mold. This facilitates, for example, colour-coding for both metric and SAE
20 sizes, to assist in identification and selection of the correct tool.
As examples of the grips, Figs. 1 to 6 illustrate the preferred embodiment in which the plastic or rubber grip covers substantially all of the wrench except for the two end portions. Figs. 7 to 12 show an embodiment in which only the central portion of the handle 4 is encased in plastic or rubber 6, the distal ends 5 of the handle portion being provided with a matte finish or the like, such as by sandblasting.
Figs. 13 to 18 illustrate an alternative embodiment, in which the handle 7 is not fully encased. The plastic or rubber 8 is molded onto the handle as shown, 5 leaving the outer edges 9 of the handle exposed.
Fig. 19 shows a configuration for the outer surface 10 of the plastic or rubber, which is not ribbed. This may be preferable in terms of being easier to clean and less prone to dirt or grease accumulation. The surface preferably has a somewhat textured surface, which may or may not be in bands as illustrated.
In each case, whether with a wrench or with other tools, the handle is preferably provided with one or several slots or holes, through which the plastic or rubber can flow to ensure better bonding of the plastic or rubber. In alignment with one of the slots, an optional hole through the rubber or plastic can be provided to facilitate hanging the wrench from a nail or peg or the like. Instead of slots or holes, grooves or ribs could be forged onto the shaft around which the material is molded or vulcanized.
This will prevent slippage of the rubber around the shaft while in use.
The invention thus produces a number of advantages set out below First of all, it produces a "warm feel" of rubber instead of steel on the grip area.
It provides a greater comfort factor, by virtue of the handle being rounded and somewhat resilient instead of straight and rigid.
Superior slip resistance is provided by the plastic or rubber, ensuring a safer more secure grip even with greasy hands. A smootherfinish will facilitate cleanup of oils and grease after use.
The slightly resilient grip provides better shock and vibration isolation and 5 resistance.
The sizes, brand names, warnings, etc. molded into the rubber handles are more "user friendly", and offer the possibility of producing color-coordinated handles, for example blue for SAE sizes and red for metric sizes.
The manufacturing process is more cost effective and more 10 environmentally friendly than previous processes, particularly by virtue of less chromium or no chromium being used in plating.
The handle design and slight resilience thereof reduces fatigue in the worker's hand.
A weight reduction of approximately 10 to 17 percent may be achieved 15 with little or no loss in strength.
The handle may provide a degree of electrical insulation.
A number of useful features may be molded to the rubber handles at low cost. For example, Figs. 20 - 22 show an alternative embodiment of the invention, where a male T-slot 15 is molded within one side of the resilient handle 3, and a female 20 T-slot 16 is molded to the other side of the handle to accept the male slot of an identical wrench handle. A number of wrenches can then be attached to each other for easy storage. In addition, an inclined recess 17 is defined within the handle so that the wrench may be suspended from a hook or other member (not shown).
Figs. 23 - 25 show another alternative embodiment where two male T-slots 15 are molded to opposing sides of a handle 3 and are secured within a female T-slot 18 defined within the sides of a connecting member 19.
Figs. 26 - 30 show an alternative embodiment where a pocket 20 is 5 defined within a side of the handle to accommodate a magnet 21 to allow the tool to be stored against a metal surface. The handle prevents the magnet from coming into contact with the metal section of the tool, and, accordingly, the magnet does not magnetize the tool. A rubber cover (not shown) may be pulled over the magnet when stored in a tool case. Two notches 22 are defined within each side the handle to mate 10 with double hooks 23 protruding outwardly from a hanger assembly 24 adapted to accommodate any suitable number of wrenches.
As best shown in Figs 31 - 33, the hanger assembly comprises a body 25 of any suitable shape, such as a generally flat rectangular body shown in the drawings, and an integrally molded handle 26 is secured to the top edge thereof. A plurality of 15 double hooks 23 are aligned vertically along the center of the body, and secured thereto by any suitable means, such as, for example, the hooks being integrally molded to the body. A number of hand tools of various sizes manufactured according to this embodiment of the invention can be stored on the hanger assembly and carried by the user to the job site.
Claims (11)
1. A wrench, comprising a handle portion and at least one operative portion, where at least a substantial portion of said handle portion comprises a metal core having a resilient material integrally bonded thereto to provide a somewhat resilient grip.
2. A wrench as recited in claim 1, where said resilient material is a natural rubber.
3. A wrench as recited in claim 1, where said resilient material is a thermoplastic.
4. A wrench as recited in claim 1, where said metal core has at least one opening therethrough, through which said resilient material passes for integral bonding with itself.
5. A wrench as recited in claim 1, where said metal core has a plurality of grooves or ribs for said resilient material to extend into, for better bonding and prevention of slippage relative to said metal core.
6. A wrench as recited in claim 1, where said handle portion has a male T-shaped member molded into said resilient material to extend outwardly and run along a side edge of said handle portion, and a female T-shaped slot molded into said resilient material configured to accept a said male T-shaped member of an identical wrench.
7. A wrench as recited in claim 1, in combination with a hanger assembly comprising a body having at least one hook projecting outwardly therefrom, said at least one hook configured to engage at least one notch defined within said resilient material of said handle portion.
8. A wrench as recited in claim 7, comprising at least one pair of said hooks projecting outwardly from said body, each said pair of hooks configured to engage a corresponding pair of notches defined within said resilient material of said handle portion.
9. A wrench as recited in claim 1, where a pocket is defined within said resilient material configured to receive a magnet.
10. A method of manufacturing a wrench, comprising the steps of first producing a metal core, next plating at least operative portions of said wrench, and then injection molding a thermoplastic material over said metal core to cover a substantial portion of a handle area of said wrench and any unplated portions.
11. A method of manufacturing a wrench, comprising the steps of first producing a metal core, next plating at least operative portions of said wrench, then laying natural rubber over said metal core to cover a substantial portion of a handle area of said wrench and any unplated portions, and then vulcanizing said rubber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2423896P | 1996-08-20 | 1996-08-20 | |
| US60/024,238 | 1996-08-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2213376A1 true CA2213376A1 (en) | 1998-02-20 |
Family
ID=21819567
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2213376 Abandoned CA2213376A1 (en) | 1996-08-20 | 1997-08-19 | Hand tool with resilient grip |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2213376A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI396605B (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-05-21 | Lin Tsung Te | Ratchet wrench structure |
-
1997
- 1997-08-19 CA CA 2213376 patent/CA2213376A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI396605B (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-05-21 | Lin Tsung Te | Ratchet wrench structure |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |