CA2212072A1 - Method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, especially for wireless local loop (wll) systems, and devices for carrying out the method - Google Patents
Method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, especially for wireless local loop (wll) systems, and devices for carrying out the methodInfo
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- CA2212072A1 CA2212072A1 CA002212072A CA2212072A CA2212072A1 CA 2212072 A1 CA2212072 A1 CA 2212072A1 CA 002212072 A CA002212072 A CA 002212072A CA 2212072 A CA2212072 A CA 2212072A CA 2212072 A1 CA2212072 A1 CA 2212072A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/14—WLL [Wireless Local Loop]; RLL [Radio Local Loop]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
- H04W28/20—Negotiating bandwidth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
Abstract
A method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems utilizes two stations which can be operated as a transmitter and receiver communicating in parallel via a changing and differing number of channels by means of a mapping algorithm involving mapping modules arranged in the two stations. One station is established as master, and the other as slave. Channel demand is derived from the current data transfer load of the master, and new channel and link tables are calculated and transmitted to the mapping modules of the master and slave. The master sends a reconfiguration signal to the slave, and the slave responds by sending back an acknowledgment signal. The master and the slave then execute the reconfiguration, in which the reconfiguration signal and the acknowledgment signal are ignored by the mapping algorithm and in which those signals are overlapped in time with the allocation or withdrawal procedures for channels on the master and slave. This method ensures that the dynamic channel allocation becomes effective simultaneously for both stations.
Also disclosed are devices for carrying out the method.
Also disclosed are devices for carrying out the method.
Description
METHOD FOR DYNAMIC CHANNEL ALLOCATION IN RADIO SYSTEMS, ESPECIALLY FOR WIRELESS LOCAL LOOP (WLL) SYSTEMS, AND
DEVICES FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
The invention relates to a method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, especially for wireless local loop (WLL) systems, and devices for carrying out the method.
Radio systems have become much more significant in Germany's communications and data technology, especially since the Federal Post Office has lost its telecommunications monopoly. The reason for this is that private providers do not have access to a line plant network to the individual households. The creation of such a line plant network, however, would require considerable investment costs so that the private providers would not be competitive. The data are therefore transmitted from a base station to the user unit by means of radio. Such wireless local loop (WLL) systems allow centralized communication with households without a corresponding creation of an extensively-branching line plant.
In radio systems, dynamic channel allocation is required for adaptation to changing transmission rates since the number of available channels is greatly limited. The data produced must therefore be distributed over the individual channels so that the available channels are utilized optimally. At the same time, the radio system must be able to respond flexibly to changes in the transmission rates. The cause for changing transmission rates can be the data service itself or the setting-up and clearing-down of simultaneous connections with constant data rate such as, for example, voice transmissions.
In the known radio systems which transmit in parallel in a plurality of channels between transmitter and receiver, the data produced are mapped into the allocated channels in accordance with a certain algorithm. The disadvantage of the known radio systems is the lack of synchronization of the activation or deactivation of channels in transmitter and receiver so that a changed channel allocation does not become effective simultaneously in the transmitter and receiver. The consequence of the lack of synchronization is that the mapping algorithm is disturbed so that data errors occur during the transmission.
If, for example, the mapping algorithm allocates additional channel capacity too early to the receiver, this can lead to reception of pseudo data. If this additional channel capacity is included too late in the mapping algorithm, in contrast, this will lead to data losses. The reverse applies in the case of a reduction of channel capacities, i.e. too early a reduction leads to data losses and too late a reduction can lead to the occurrence of pseudo data. In bidirectional transmission, each transmitter at the same time acts as a receiver so that the above-mentioned errors can occur at each transmission end.
The invention is therefore based on the technical problem of creating a method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, and devices for carrying out the method, in which the changed channel allocation becomes effective simultaneously for transmitter and receiver.
The solution of the problem is found by establishing that an involved station is the master which derives new channel and link tables from the data transfer load and transfers these to master and slave. The system is thereby placed into a state of expectation, and in the case of a duplex radio transmission link, the master can be defined independently of the initiating station. The final reconfiguration is executed by sending out a reconfiguration signal from the master to the slave and by acknowledgement of the reception by the slave, the reconfiguration and acknowledgement signals being ignored in each case by the mapping algorithm. At the same time, the reconfiguration signal and the acknowledgment signal overlap in time with the allocation or withdrawal procedures for the channels on the side of the master and of the slave, which avoids data losses or the injection of pseudo data.
In a further embodiment, there exists a single virtual connection module for each active slave in the mapping module of the master, and also a single virtual connection module in the mapping module of the slave. The additional method step of checking whether the demanded channels are available or the connection capacity is adequate ensures that no physically-impossible configuration is set at the master or the slaves. When a plurality of channels are allocated or withdrawn, the same methods can be carried out in parallel. When expected signals are not received, the master or the slave can return to the initial state after a presettable number of cycles or time, which prevents the system from being in an unstable state over a prolonged period of time.
In another embodiment with an instruction for reducing the channel capacity, the channel to be deactivated is taken out of the mapping algorithm at the master end in the direction of transmission whilst it remains tied in in the receiving direction. At the slave end, the relevant channel remains tied into the mapping algorithm. The master can then send the reconfiguration signal to the slave via the channel to be deactivated. After the reconfiguration signal has been received, the slave sends an acknowledgment signal to the master and unties the channel from the mapping algorithm at the transmitting and receiving end. After receiving the acknowledgement signal, the master then also unties the channel from the mapping algorithm at the receiving end.
In the case of an allocation of channel capacity, the newly-allocated channel is activated in the transmitting and receiving directions on the master side; however, the mapping algorithm is not considered. On the slave side, the channel being newly-set-up is blocked in the transmitting direction and activated in the receiving direction without being taken into consideration by the mapping algorithm.
The master can then send a reconfiguration signal to the slave on the channel. After receiving the reconfiguration signal, the slave sends an acknowledgment signal to the master via the newly-allocated channel, and in the receiving direction the channel is taken into consideration by the mapping algorithm on the slave side. After the acknowledgement signal has been received by the master, the newly-set-up channel can then be tied into the mapping algorithm of the master at the transmitting and receiving end, and the transmission of useful data can be begun.
After receiving the first useful data, the newly-allocated channel is also tied into the mapping algorithm at the transmitting end by the slave.
To carry out the method, a base station may be used that acts as master with a bidirectional interface which is connected to the telecommunication network and which is connected to a mapping module. On the radio side, the mapping module is connected to a RF module via a data bus, the mapping module being driven by a protocol controller connected to the bidirectional interface. In another embodiment, the mapping module is formed by a multiplexer on the network side and by virtual connection modules on the radio side. The user unit acting as slave comprises a mapping module which is connected to a RF module arranged at the input of the user unit on the radio side.
On the user side, the mapping module is connected to the respective terminals of the users. In another embodiment, the mapping module can be formed by a virtual connection module on the radio side and by a multiplexer on the user side.
In the text which follows, the invention will be explained in greater detail with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment. In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a block diagram of the radio system;
Figure 2 is a layer model of the radio system;
Figure 3 is a state machine for a base station in the case of the allocation of channels;
Figure 4 is a state machine for a user unit in the case of the allocation of channels;
Figure 5 is a state machine for the base station in the case of a reduction in channels; and, Figure 6 is a state machine for a user unit in the case of a reduction in channels.
The radio system 1 comprises a base station 2 and a plurality of independent user units 3. The base station 2 comprises a bidirectional interface 4 connected to the telecommunication network, a protocol controller 5, a mapping module 6, a data bus 7 and a radio-frequency (RF) module 8 with an air interface 9. The mapping module 6 comprises a multiplexer 10 and a multiplicity of virtual connection modules 11. The user units 3 comprise a radio-frequency (RF) module 12 and a mapping module 13. Like the mapping module 6 of the base station 2, the mapping module 13 of the user unit 3 comprises a multiplexer 14 and a virtual connection module 15. At the user end, the multiplexer 14 is connected to subscriber interface circuits 16 of connected terminals. The protocol controller 5 is connected bidirectionally to the bidirectional interface 4.
Furthermore, a signal output of the protocol controller 5 is connected to the control inputs of the multiplexer 10 and of the virtual connection module 11. The RF module 8 is connected on the radio side to the virtual connection modules 11 of the mapping module 6 via the data bus 7. The RF module 12, equipped with an air interface 17, of the user unit 3 is connected to the virtual connection module 15 of the mapping module 13.
In the radio system 1 shown, the base station 2 is the higher hierarchy level in relation to the user units 3 and therefore assumes the function of the master. The data, arriving, for example, from the telecommunication network, are present at the data inputs of the multiplexer 10 of the mapping module 6 via the bidirectional interface 4. The protocol controller 5 derives appropriate control signals for the multiplexer 10 and the virtual connection modules 11 of the mapping module 6 from the data. The multiplexer 10 allocates the data streams for a respective active user unit 3 to one of the virtual connection modules 11 without specifically identifying the individual connections of the user unit. Such a connection module 11 is generated and continues in existence for as long as the user unit 3 is active. The virtual connection module 11 correlates with the respective virtual connection module 15 of the mapping module 13 of the user unit 3. In this process, the data are forwarded by the virtual connection module 11 to the RF
module 8 via the data bus 7 and transmitted to the air interface 17 of the RF module 12 of the respective user unit 3 via the air interface 9. The RF module 12 forwards the received data to the virtual connection module 15. The data are then present at the input of the multiplexer 14 from where they are multiplexed to the respective active terminals of the users by the multiplexer 14.
The requirement for dynamic channel allocation is triggered by the protocol controller 5. The control signal of the protocol controller 5 triggers the multiplexer 10 and the virtual connection modules 11. This controlling involves the transfer of an updated link table for the multiplexer 10. The link table contains the active user links which must be allocated to a certain virtual connection module 11. The controlling also involves the transfer of an updated channel table for the virtual connection modules 11. The channel table contains the channels which must be utilized for transmitting the data.
Furthermore, the protocol controller 5 controls the virtual connection module 15 and the multiplexer 14 in the user unit 3 for the purpose of dynamic channel allocation. This controlling involves the transfer of an updated channel table which corresponds to the channel table of the virtual connection module 11 of the base station 2 for the virtual connection module 15. The multiplexer 14 is controlled by transfer of an updated user link table which contains the information regarding which link is to be allocated to which of the subscriber interface circuits 16. In the case of an active user unit 3, the control is transferred to the user unit 3 via the channel or channels already set up. If there are no established channels as yet, the instruction for generating a virtual connection module 15 and a shortened channel table containing only one channel is transmitted to the user unit 3 via a control channel. In accordance with the procedure for the dynamic channel allocation which will be explained in greater detail in the text which follows, all control instructions are transmitted, and, if necessary, other channel allocations are also carried out, via this channel. The virtual connection modules 11, 15 utilize the provided channels as total capacity which is not split in a user-related manner. For this purpose, a mapping algorithm exists according to which the data arriving serially from the multiplexers 10, 14 are mapped into the channels without reference to user subscriptions or, respectively, according to which the mapping must be cancelled and a serial data stream must be generated again in the opposite direction to the multiplexers 10, 14.
Figure 2 shows the radio system 1 as a layer model. The protocol controller 5 of base station 2 is an entity of layer 3 and derives the necessity for changing transmission capacities from signalling for the setting-up and clearing-down of connections. As a result, the instructions for dynamic channel allocation to the virtual connection modules 11 of the base station 2 and the virtual connection modules 15 of user units 3 are derived. The virtual connection modules 11, 15 implement layer-2 and partly layer-l tasks.
CA 022l2072 l997-07-3l In the text which follows, the process of dynamic channel allocation is described in detail with reference to state machines which are a component of the virtual connection modules 11, 15.
Figure 3 shows the state machine 20 for a virtual connection model 11 of base station 2 for the case of an allocation of channel capacity. The static mode 21 involves the utilization of 0 5 n 5 nmax channels between base station 2 as master and user unit 3 as slave. In the case where n > O, the data are transmitted via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In this case, n can assume values of between fractions of a channel up to nmaX ~ 1. Following the instruction for increasing the channel capacity 22 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction" 23 takes place. The instructed increase in channel capacity 22 can assume values of mmin 5 m 5 1. If the requested increase in channel capacity 22 is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 20 become active in parallel. A negative test result 24 leads back to the static mode 21 with the starting parameters if the allocated channel is not available or the capacity of the virtual connection module 11 would be exceeded. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. If the test result is positive 25, the transition to the state Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation 26 takes place. The state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 26 involves activation of transmission and reception in the newly-allocated channel, although the channel is not yet utilized jointly with already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In the transmitting direction, an allocation information item (Info 1) acting as a reconfiguration signal iS sent out to user unit 3 in the channel to be set up. In the direction of reception, an acknowledgment for the allocation information item (Info 1) is expected. The state "Reception without acknowledgement" 27 again leads to the state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 26, and to a retransmission of an allocation information item (Info 1).
A transition 28 to static mode 21 with the starting parameters can take place if no acknowledgement has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time, or a received acknowledgement is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of an acknowledgement 29 leads to the state ~Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 30. The state "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 30 involves that the newly-allocated channel is used jointly with the already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In the transmitting direction, the transmission of useful data is begun. In the direction of reception, the failure of the acknowledgement to appear is expected.
Reception with acknowledgements 31 again leads to state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 30. The acknowledgements are ignored by the mapping algorithm. When the acknowledgements 32 fail to appear, transition to static mode 21 with the new parameters takes place.
Figure 4 shows the state machine 40 for the virtual connection module 15 of the user unit 3 for the case of the allocation of channel capacity. The static mode 41 state involves utilization of 0 5 n ~ nmaX channels between the base station 2 as master and the user unit 3 as slave.
In the case where n ~ 0, data are transferred via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In this process n can assume values of between fractions of a channel up to nmaX >> 1. With the instruction for increasing the channel capacity 42 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction" 43 takes place. The instructed increase in channel capacity 42 can assume values of from mmin ~ m ~ 1.
If the demanded increase in channel capacity 42 is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 40 become active in parallel. A negative result of the test 44, if the maximum transmission capacity of the user unit 3 would be exceeded, again leads to static mode 41 with the starting parameters. In this case, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. In the case of a positive result of the test 45, a transition to the state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 46 occurs. The state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 46 involves that the channel being set up is blocked in the transmitting direction, and receiving is activated and an allocation information item (Info 1) is expected. The channel is not yet being used jointly with already-established channels in accordance with the mappingalgorithm. Reception without an allocation information item 47 (Info 1) again leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 46. A transition 48 to static mode 41 with the starting parameters can take place if no allocation information item (Info 1) has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time or a received allocation information item is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of an allocation information item 49 leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 50. The state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 50 involves that an acknowledgement is sent to base station 2, and the receiving direction is utilized jointly with already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. The reception of further allocation information items 51 again leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 50 and a retransmission of an acknowledgement. The allocation information items are ignored by the mapping algorithm. The failure of a further allocation information item 52 to appear leads to the static mode 41 with the new operating parameters. This ensures that, in the case of the allocation of channels, pseudo data are not included in the mapping in a receiver before the beginning of a transmission of useful data, and that the beginning of the transmission of useful data is included in a defined manner in the mapping without loss of data.
Figure 5 shows the state machine 60 for a virtual connection module 11 of the base station 2 for the case of a withdrawal of channel capacity. Static mode 61 involves the utilization of nmin 5 n ~ nmaX channels between base station 2 and the user unit 3. The data are transmitted via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. With the instruction for withdrawing channel capacity 62 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction" 63 takes place. If the required reduction in channel capacity is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 60 will act in parallel. A negative result of the test 64, if this is justified by plausibility checks not directly relevant for the method, again leads to static mode 61 with the starting parameters. In this case, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. A positive result of the test 65 leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 66. The state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 66 involves that the transmitting direction is no longer used in accordance with the mapping algorithm in the channel to be deactivated. In the transmitting direction, a withdrawal information item (Info 2) is sent in the channel to be deactivated. In the receiving direction, the channel remains tied into the mapping algorithm. An acknowledgement for the withdrawal information item is expected and is ignored by the mapping algorithm. "Reception without acknowledgement" 67 again leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 66. A withdrawal information item is again CA 022l2072 l997-07-3l transmitted. A transition 68 to static mode 61 with the starting parameters can take place if no acknowledgement has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time, or if a received acknowledgement is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of an acknowledgement 69 leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation~' 70.
The state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 70 involves that the channel to be deactivated is deactivated at the transmitting end. Further reception of acknowledgement 71 again leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 70. Incoming acknowledgements are ignored by the mapping algorithm. The failure of acknowledgements 72 to appear leads to the static mode 61 with the new parameters.
Figure 6 shows the state machine 80 for a virtual connection module 15 of user unit 3 for the case of a reduction in channel capacity. Static mode 81 involves the utilization of nmin S n 5 nmax channels between base station 2 and user unit 3. The data are transmitted via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. With the instruction for reducing the channel capacity 82 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction~' 83 takes place. The instructed reduction in channel capacity can assume values of from mmin S m s 1. If the required reduction in channel capacity is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 80 will act in parallel. A negative result of the test 84, if this is justified by plausibility checks not directly relevant for the method, leads to the static mode 81 with the starting parameters. In this case, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. A
positive test result 85 leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 86. The state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 86 involves that a withdrawal information item (Info 2) is expected in the channel to be deactivated. The channel is still being used jointly with the already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. Reception without a withdrawal information item 87 (Info 2) again leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 86. A
transition 88 to static mode 81 with the starting parameters can take place if no withdrawal information item has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time, or if a received withdrawal information item is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of a withdrawal information item 89 leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 90. The state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 90 involves that an acknowledgement is sent to the base station 2. The reception of further withdrawal information items 91 again leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 90, and an acknowledgement is sent again. The withdrawal information items are ignored by the mapping algorithm. The failure of the withdrawal information item 92 to appear leads to the static mode 81 with the new parameters. This ensures that when channels are withdrawn, the end of the transmission of useful data is included in a defined manner in the mapping without loss of this data, and pseudo data are not included in the mapping after the end of a transmission of useful data in a receiver.
DEVICES FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
The invention relates to a method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, especially for wireless local loop (WLL) systems, and devices for carrying out the method.
Radio systems have become much more significant in Germany's communications and data technology, especially since the Federal Post Office has lost its telecommunications monopoly. The reason for this is that private providers do not have access to a line plant network to the individual households. The creation of such a line plant network, however, would require considerable investment costs so that the private providers would not be competitive. The data are therefore transmitted from a base station to the user unit by means of radio. Such wireless local loop (WLL) systems allow centralized communication with households without a corresponding creation of an extensively-branching line plant.
In radio systems, dynamic channel allocation is required for adaptation to changing transmission rates since the number of available channels is greatly limited. The data produced must therefore be distributed over the individual channels so that the available channels are utilized optimally. At the same time, the radio system must be able to respond flexibly to changes in the transmission rates. The cause for changing transmission rates can be the data service itself or the setting-up and clearing-down of simultaneous connections with constant data rate such as, for example, voice transmissions.
In the known radio systems which transmit in parallel in a plurality of channels between transmitter and receiver, the data produced are mapped into the allocated channels in accordance with a certain algorithm. The disadvantage of the known radio systems is the lack of synchronization of the activation or deactivation of channels in transmitter and receiver so that a changed channel allocation does not become effective simultaneously in the transmitter and receiver. The consequence of the lack of synchronization is that the mapping algorithm is disturbed so that data errors occur during the transmission.
If, for example, the mapping algorithm allocates additional channel capacity too early to the receiver, this can lead to reception of pseudo data. If this additional channel capacity is included too late in the mapping algorithm, in contrast, this will lead to data losses. The reverse applies in the case of a reduction of channel capacities, i.e. too early a reduction leads to data losses and too late a reduction can lead to the occurrence of pseudo data. In bidirectional transmission, each transmitter at the same time acts as a receiver so that the above-mentioned errors can occur at each transmission end.
The invention is therefore based on the technical problem of creating a method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, and devices for carrying out the method, in which the changed channel allocation becomes effective simultaneously for transmitter and receiver.
The solution of the problem is found by establishing that an involved station is the master which derives new channel and link tables from the data transfer load and transfers these to master and slave. The system is thereby placed into a state of expectation, and in the case of a duplex radio transmission link, the master can be defined independently of the initiating station. The final reconfiguration is executed by sending out a reconfiguration signal from the master to the slave and by acknowledgement of the reception by the slave, the reconfiguration and acknowledgement signals being ignored in each case by the mapping algorithm. At the same time, the reconfiguration signal and the acknowledgment signal overlap in time with the allocation or withdrawal procedures for the channels on the side of the master and of the slave, which avoids data losses or the injection of pseudo data.
In a further embodiment, there exists a single virtual connection module for each active slave in the mapping module of the master, and also a single virtual connection module in the mapping module of the slave. The additional method step of checking whether the demanded channels are available or the connection capacity is adequate ensures that no physically-impossible configuration is set at the master or the slaves. When a plurality of channels are allocated or withdrawn, the same methods can be carried out in parallel. When expected signals are not received, the master or the slave can return to the initial state after a presettable number of cycles or time, which prevents the system from being in an unstable state over a prolonged period of time.
In another embodiment with an instruction for reducing the channel capacity, the channel to be deactivated is taken out of the mapping algorithm at the master end in the direction of transmission whilst it remains tied in in the receiving direction. At the slave end, the relevant channel remains tied into the mapping algorithm. The master can then send the reconfiguration signal to the slave via the channel to be deactivated. After the reconfiguration signal has been received, the slave sends an acknowledgment signal to the master and unties the channel from the mapping algorithm at the transmitting and receiving end. After receiving the acknowledgement signal, the master then also unties the channel from the mapping algorithm at the receiving end.
In the case of an allocation of channel capacity, the newly-allocated channel is activated in the transmitting and receiving directions on the master side; however, the mapping algorithm is not considered. On the slave side, the channel being newly-set-up is blocked in the transmitting direction and activated in the receiving direction without being taken into consideration by the mapping algorithm.
The master can then send a reconfiguration signal to the slave on the channel. After receiving the reconfiguration signal, the slave sends an acknowledgment signal to the master via the newly-allocated channel, and in the receiving direction the channel is taken into consideration by the mapping algorithm on the slave side. After the acknowledgement signal has been received by the master, the newly-set-up channel can then be tied into the mapping algorithm of the master at the transmitting and receiving end, and the transmission of useful data can be begun.
After receiving the first useful data, the newly-allocated channel is also tied into the mapping algorithm at the transmitting end by the slave.
To carry out the method, a base station may be used that acts as master with a bidirectional interface which is connected to the telecommunication network and which is connected to a mapping module. On the radio side, the mapping module is connected to a RF module via a data bus, the mapping module being driven by a protocol controller connected to the bidirectional interface. In another embodiment, the mapping module is formed by a multiplexer on the network side and by virtual connection modules on the radio side. The user unit acting as slave comprises a mapping module which is connected to a RF module arranged at the input of the user unit on the radio side.
On the user side, the mapping module is connected to the respective terminals of the users. In another embodiment, the mapping module can be formed by a virtual connection module on the radio side and by a multiplexer on the user side.
In the text which follows, the invention will be explained in greater detail with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment. In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a block diagram of the radio system;
Figure 2 is a layer model of the radio system;
Figure 3 is a state machine for a base station in the case of the allocation of channels;
Figure 4 is a state machine for a user unit in the case of the allocation of channels;
Figure 5 is a state machine for the base station in the case of a reduction in channels; and, Figure 6 is a state machine for a user unit in the case of a reduction in channels.
The radio system 1 comprises a base station 2 and a plurality of independent user units 3. The base station 2 comprises a bidirectional interface 4 connected to the telecommunication network, a protocol controller 5, a mapping module 6, a data bus 7 and a radio-frequency (RF) module 8 with an air interface 9. The mapping module 6 comprises a multiplexer 10 and a multiplicity of virtual connection modules 11. The user units 3 comprise a radio-frequency (RF) module 12 and a mapping module 13. Like the mapping module 6 of the base station 2, the mapping module 13 of the user unit 3 comprises a multiplexer 14 and a virtual connection module 15. At the user end, the multiplexer 14 is connected to subscriber interface circuits 16 of connected terminals. The protocol controller 5 is connected bidirectionally to the bidirectional interface 4.
Furthermore, a signal output of the protocol controller 5 is connected to the control inputs of the multiplexer 10 and of the virtual connection module 11. The RF module 8 is connected on the radio side to the virtual connection modules 11 of the mapping module 6 via the data bus 7. The RF module 12, equipped with an air interface 17, of the user unit 3 is connected to the virtual connection module 15 of the mapping module 13.
In the radio system 1 shown, the base station 2 is the higher hierarchy level in relation to the user units 3 and therefore assumes the function of the master. The data, arriving, for example, from the telecommunication network, are present at the data inputs of the multiplexer 10 of the mapping module 6 via the bidirectional interface 4. The protocol controller 5 derives appropriate control signals for the multiplexer 10 and the virtual connection modules 11 of the mapping module 6 from the data. The multiplexer 10 allocates the data streams for a respective active user unit 3 to one of the virtual connection modules 11 without specifically identifying the individual connections of the user unit. Such a connection module 11 is generated and continues in existence for as long as the user unit 3 is active. The virtual connection module 11 correlates with the respective virtual connection module 15 of the mapping module 13 of the user unit 3. In this process, the data are forwarded by the virtual connection module 11 to the RF
module 8 via the data bus 7 and transmitted to the air interface 17 of the RF module 12 of the respective user unit 3 via the air interface 9. The RF module 12 forwards the received data to the virtual connection module 15. The data are then present at the input of the multiplexer 14 from where they are multiplexed to the respective active terminals of the users by the multiplexer 14.
The requirement for dynamic channel allocation is triggered by the protocol controller 5. The control signal of the protocol controller 5 triggers the multiplexer 10 and the virtual connection modules 11. This controlling involves the transfer of an updated link table for the multiplexer 10. The link table contains the active user links which must be allocated to a certain virtual connection module 11. The controlling also involves the transfer of an updated channel table for the virtual connection modules 11. The channel table contains the channels which must be utilized for transmitting the data.
Furthermore, the protocol controller 5 controls the virtual connection module 15 and the multiplexer 14 in the user unit 3 for the purpose of dynamic channel allocation. This controlling involves the transfer of an updated channel table which corresponds to the channel table of the virtual connection module 11 of the base station 2 for the virtual connection module 15. The multiplexer 14 is controlled by transfer of an updated user link table which contains the information regarding which link is to be allocated to which of the subscriber interface circuits 16. In the case of an active user unit 3, the control is transferred to the user unit 3 via the channel or channels already set up. If there are no established channels as yet, the instruction for generating a virtual connection module 15 and a shortened channel table containing only one channel is transmitted to the user unit 3 via a control channel. In accordance with the procedure for the dynamic channel allocation which will be explained in greater detail in the text which follows, all control instructions are transmitted, and, if necessary, other channel allocations are also carried out, via this channel. The virtual connection modules 11, 15 utilize the provided channels as total capacity which is not split in a user-related manner. For this purpose, a mapping algorithm exists according to which the data arriving serially from the multiplexers 10, 14 are mapped into the channels without reference to user subscriptions or, respectively, according to which the mapping must be cancelled and a serial data stream must be generated again in the opposite direction to the multiplexers 10, 14.
Figure 2 shows the radio system 1 as a layer model. The protocol controller 5 of base station 2 is an entity of layer 3 and derives the necessity for changing transmission capacities from signalling for the setting-up and clearing-down of connections. As a result, the instructions for dynamic channel allocation to the virtual connection modules 11 of the base station 2 and the virtual connection modules 15 of user units 3 are derived. The virtual connection modules 11, 15 implement layer-2 and partly layer-l tasks.
CA 022l2072 l997-07-3l In the text which follows, the process of dynamic channel allocation is described in detail with reference to state machines which are a component of the virtual connection modules 11, 15.
Figure 3 shows the state machine 20 for a virtual connection model 11 of base station 2 for the case of an allocation of channel capacity. The static mode 21 involves the utilization of 0 5 n 5 nmax channels between base station 2 as master and user unit 3 as slave. In the case where n > O, the data are transmitted via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In this case, n can assume values of between fractions of a channel up to nmaX ~ 1. Following the instruction for increasing the channel capacity 22 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction" 23 takes place. The instructed increase in channel capacity 22 can assume values of mmin 5 m 5 1. If the requested increase in channel capacity 22 is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 20 become active in parallel. A negative test result 24 leads back to the static mode 21 with the starting parameters if the allocated channel is not available or the capacity of the virtual connection module 11 would be exceeded. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. If the test result is positive 25, the transition to the state Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation 26 takes place. The state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 26 involves activation of transmission and reception in the newly-allocated channel, although the channel is not yet utilized jointly with already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In the transmitting direction, an allocation information item (Info 1) acting as a reconfiguration signal iS sent out to user unit 3 in the channel to be set up. In the direction of reception, an acknowledgment for the allocation information item (Info 1) is expected. The state "Reception without acknowledgement" 27 again leads to the state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 26, and to a retransmission of an allocation information item (Info 1).
A transition 28 to static mode 21 with the starting parameters can take place if no acknowledgement has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time, or a received acknowledgement is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of an acknowledgement 29 leads to the state ~Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 30. The state "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 30 involves that the newly-allocated channel is used jointly with the already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In the transmitting direction, the transmission of useful data is begun. In the direction of reception, the failure of the acknowledgement to appear is expected.
Reception with acknowledgements 31 again leads to state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 30. The acknowledgements are ignored by the mapping algorithm. When the acknowledgements 32 fail to appear, transition to static mode 21 with the new parameters takes place.
Figure 4 shows the state machine 40 for the virtual connection module 15 of the user unit 3 for the case of the allocation of channel capacity. The static mode 41 state involves utilization of 0 5 n ~ nmaX channels between the base station 2 as master and the user unit 3 as slave.
In the case where n ~ 0, data are transferred via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. In this process n can assume values of between fractions of a channel up to nmaX >> 1. With the instruction for increasing the channel capacity 42 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction" 43 takes place. The instructed increase in channel capacity 42 can assume values of from mmin ~ m ~ 1.
If the demanded increase in channel capacity 42 is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 40 become active in parallel. A negative result of the test 44, if the maximum transmission capacity of the user unit 3 would be exceeded, again leads to static mode 41 with the starting parameters. In this case, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. In the case of a positive result of the test 45, a transition to the state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 46 occurs. The state "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 46 involves that the channel being set up is blocked in the transmitting direction, and receiving is activated and an allocation information item (Info 1) is expected. The channel is not yet being used jointly with already-established channels in accordance with the mappingalgorithm. Reception without an allocation information item 47 (Info 1) again leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 46. A transition 48 to static mode 41 with the starting parameters can take place if no allocation information item (Info 1) has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time or a received allocation information item is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of an allocation information item 49 leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 50. The state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 50 involves that an acknowledgement is sent to base station 2, and the receiving direction is utilized jointly with already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. The reception of further allocation information items 51 again leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 50 and a retransmission of an acknowledgement. The allocation information items are ignored by the mapping algorithm. The failure of a further allocation information item 52 to appear leads to the static mode 41 with the new operating parameters. This ensures that, in the case of the allocation of channels, pseudo data are not included in the mapping in a receiver before the beginning of a transmission of useful data, and that the beginning of the transmission of useful data is included in a defined manner in the mapping without loss of data.
Figure 5 shows the state machine 60 for a virtual connection module 11 of the base station 2 for the case of a withdrawal of channel capacity. Static mode 61 involves the utilization of nmin 5 n ~ nmaX channels between base station 2 and the user unit 3. The data are transmitted via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. With the instruction for withdrawing channel capacity 62 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction" 63 takes place. If the required reduction in channel capacity is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 60 will act in parallel. A negative result of the test 64, if this is justified by plausibility checks not directly relevant for the method, again leads to static mode 61 with the starting parameters. In this case, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. A positive result of the test 65 leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 66. The state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 66 involves that the transmitting direction is no longer used in accordance with the mapping algorithm in the channel to be deactivated. In the transmitting direction, a withdrawal information item (Info 2) is sent in the channel to be deactivated. In the receiving direction, the channel remains tied into the mapping algorithm. An acknowledgement for the withdrawal information item is expected and is ignored by the mapping algorithm. "Reception without acknowledgement" 67 again leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 66. A withdrawal information item is again CA 022l2072 l997-07-3l transmitted. A transition 68 to static mode 61 with the starting parameters can take place if no acknowledgement has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time, or if a received acknowledgement is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of an acknowledgement 69 leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation~' 70.
The state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 70 involves that the channel to be deactivated is deactivated at the transmitting end. Further reception of acknowledgement 71 again leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 70. Incoming acknowledgements are ignored by the mapping algorithm. The failure of acknowledgements 72 to appear leads to the static mode 61 with the new parameters.
Figure 6 shows the state machine 80 for a virtual connection module 15 of user unit 3 for the case of a reduction in channel capacity. Static mode 81 involves the utilization of nmin S n 5 nmax channels between base station 2 and user unit 3. The data are transmitted via the allocated and established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. With the instruction for reducing the channel capacity 82 which is contained in the channel table transferred by the protocol controller 5, the transition to the state "Testing the instruction~' 83 takes place. The instructed reduction in channel capacity can assume values of from mmin S m s 1. If the required reduction in channel capacity is greater than 1 channel, a plurality of state machines 80 will act in parallel. A negative result of the test 84, if this is justified by plausibility checks not directly relevant for the method, leads to the static mode 81 with the starting parameters. In this case, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. A
positive test result 85 leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 86. The state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 86 involves that a withdrawal information item (Info 2) is expected in the channel to be deactivated. The channel is still being used jointly with the already-established channels in accordance with the mapping algorithm. Reception without a withdrawal information item 87 (Info 2) again leads to the state of "Phase 1 of the dynamic channel allocation" 86. A
transition 88 to static mode 81 with the starting parameters can take place if no withdrawal information item has arrived for a presettable number of cycles or a presettable time, or if a received withdrawal information item is invalid. In these cases, an alarm indication signal is sent to the protocol controller 5. The arrival of a withdrawal information item 89 leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 90. The state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 90 involves that an acknowledgement is sent to the base station 2. The reception of further withdrawal information items 91 again leads to the state of "Phase 2 of the dynamic channel allocation" 90, and an acknowledgement is sent again. The withdrawal information items are ignored by the mapping algorithm. The failure of the withdrawal information item 92 to appear leads to the static mode 81 with the new parameters. This ensures that when channels are withdrawn, the end of the transmission of useful data is included in a defined manner in the mapping without loss of this data, and pseudo data are not included in the mapping after the end of a transmission of useful data in a receiver.
Claims (11)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, particularly for wireless local loop (WLL) systems, the method utilizing two stations which can be operated as a transmitter and receiver communicating in parallel via a changing and differing number of channels by means of a mapping algorithm involving mapping modules arranged in the two stations, the method comprising the steps of:
establishing one station as master and the other station as slave;
deriving the channel demand from the current data transfer load of the master, and calculating new channel and link tables;
transmitting the new channel and link tables to the mapping modules of the master and to the mapping modules of the slave;
sending out a reconfiguration signal from the master to the slave;
sending out an acknowledgment signal from the slave to the master after reception of the reconfiguration system; and, executing the reconfiguration by the master and the slave, wherein the reconfiguration signal and the acknowledgment signal are ignored by the mapping algorithm, and wherein the reconfiguration signal and the acknowledgment signal overlap in time with the allocation or withdrawal procedures for channels on the master and channels on the slave.
establishing one station as master and the other station as slave;
deriving the channel demand from the current data transfer load of the master, and calculating new channel and link tables;
transmitting the new channel and link tables to the mapping modules of the master and to the mapping modules of the slave;
sending out a reconfiguration signal from the master to the slave;
sending out an acknowledgment signal from the slave to the master after reception of the reconfiguration system; and, executing the reconfiguration by the master and the slave, wherein the reconfiguration signal and the acknowledgment signal are ignored by the mapping algorithm, and wherein the reconfiguration signal and the acknowledgment signal overlap in time with the allocation or withdrawal procedures for channels on the master and channels on the slave.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a single virtual connection module for each active slave exists in the mapping module of the master, and wherein a respective single virtual connection module exists in the mapping module in the respective slave.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the method of dynamic channel allocation is channel-related so that, when a plurality of channels are withdrawn or allocated, the method runs in parallel for each channel.
4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein, in the case of a fluctuating data transfer load, the new channel and link table generated by the master is checked by the mapping modules of the master and by the mapping modules of the slave to determine whether the allocated channels are available or the connection capacity is adequate, and when the test result is negative, the new channel and link table are ignored and if necessary an alarm indication signal is transferred to the master before the reconfiguration signal is sent out.
5. The method of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein, when expected signals do not arrive, the master or the slave return to their initial state after a presettable number of cycles of time and, if necessary, transfer an alarm indication signal to the master.
6. The method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein, when the channel capacity is reduced:
the channel to be taken out of operation is no longer used by the mapping algorithm with respect to signals transmitted by the master, and the master sends a reconfiguration signal to the slave via the channel that is being taken out of operation;
the slave transmits an acknowledgment signal to the master via the channel that is being taken out of operation, and then unties the channel from the mapping algorithm for both transmission and reception;
the master, after receiving the acknowledgment signal, unties the channel to be taken out of operation from the mapping algorithm for reception; and, the mapping modules of the master and the mapping modules of the slave take the channel out of operation when further reconfiguration or acknowledgment signals are not received.
the channel to be taken out of operation is no longer used by the mapping algorithm with respect to signals transmitted by the master, and the master sends a reconfiguration signal to the slave via the channel that is being taken out of operation;
the slave transmits an acknowledgment signal to the master via the channel that is being taken out of operation, and then unties the channel from the mapping algorithm for both transmission and reception;
the master, after receiving the acknowledgment signal, unties the channel to be taken out of operation from the mapping algorithm for reception; and, the mapping modules of the master and the mapping modules of the slave take the channel out of operation when further reconfiguration or acknowledgment signals are not received.
7. The method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein, when the channel capacity is allocated:
the master sends a reconfiguration signal to the slave via the newly-allocated channel without tying the channel into the mapping algorithm;
the slave, after receiving the configuration signal, sends an acknowledgment signal to the master and ties the channel into the mapping algorithm for reception;
the master, after receiving the acknowledgment signal, ties the channel into the mapping algorithm for transmission and reception, and begins transmission of useful data over the channel; and, the slave, upon first receiving the useful data, ties the channel into the mapping algorithm for transmission.
the master sends a reconfiguration signal to the slave via the newly-allocated channel without tying the channel into the mapping algorithm;
the slave, after receiving the configuration signal, sends an acknowledgment signal to the master and ties the channel into the mapping algorithm for reception;
the master, after receiving the acknowledgment signal, ties the channel into the mapping algorithm for transmission and reception, and begins transmission of useful data over the channel; and, the slave, upon first receiving the useful data, ties the channel into the mapping algorithm for transmission.
8. A base station utilized with dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, the base station comprising:
a bidirectional interface connected to the telecommunication network;
a mapping module; and, a RF module connected to the mapping module;
wherein a protocol controller is connected to the bidirectional interface, and wherein a signal output of the protocol controller is connected to control inputs of the mapping module.
a bidirectional interface connected to the telecommunication network;
a mapping module; and, a RF module connected to the mapping module;
wherein a protocol controller is connected to the bidirectional interface, and wherein a signal output of the protocol controller is connected to control inputs of the mapping module.
9. The base station of claim 8, wherein the mapping module is formed by a multiplexer on a network side, and by virtual connection modules on a radio side.
10. The base station of claim 9, wherein the signal output of the protocol controller is connected both to control inputs of the multiplexer and to control inputs of the virtual connection modules of the mapping module.
11. A user unit utilized with dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, the user unit comprising:
a RF module; and, a mapping module, the RF module being on a radio reception side of the mapping module, the mapping module comprising:
a virtual connection module on a RF module side of the mapping module; and, a multiplexer on a user side of the mapping module.
a RF module; and, a mapping module, the RF module being on a radio reception side of the mapping module, the mapping module comprising:
a virtual connection module on a RF module side of the mapping module; and, a multiplexer on a user side of the mapping module.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19644436A DE19644436C2 (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1996-10-25 | Method for dynamic channel allocation and reduction in radio systems, in particular for WLL (Wireless Local Loop) systems, and radio system for carrying out the method |
| DE19644436.5 | 1996-10-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2212072A1 true CA2212072A1 (en) | 1998-04-25 |
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ID=7810008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CA002212072A Abandoned CA2212072A1 (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1997-07-31 | Method for dynamic channel allocation in radio systems, especially for wireless local loop (wll) systems, and devices for carrying out the method |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP0838966A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10154988A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR19980032803A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1181684A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3017797A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9705142A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2212072A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ336197A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19644436C2 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU218053B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL121424A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ328398A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL322815A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU97118323A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG68629A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW376672B (en) |
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| US6119011A (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 2000-09-12 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Cost-function-based dynamic channel assignment for a cellular system |
| KR100587254B1 (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2006-07-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method for eliminating error channel by jam and multipath fading |
| DE69829320T2 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2006-04-13 | Telecommunication Laboratories Chunghwa Telecom Co, Ltd, Yang-Mei | FUZZY CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT CONTROLLER OF SERVICE QUALITY ENSURES |
| BRPI0303968B1 (en) * | 2003-10-08 | 2017-01-24 | Fundação Inst Nac De Telecomunicações Finatel | geographic and spatial positioning system and process |
| CN100403823C (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2008-07-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Demodulation resource distribution method based on wireless link |
| CN100426923C (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2008-10-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for storage configuration identification reallocation in mobile communication system |
| CN101409906B (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2010-08-18 | 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 | Method for reconfiguration of business in radio communication system |
| CN101711033B (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-10-31 | 北京交通大学 | Dynamic channel allocating method applicable for perceiving radio network and system thereof |
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| US5276908A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1994-01-04 | Northern Telecom Limited | Call set-up and spectrum sharing in radio communication on systems with dynamic channel allocation |
| FI96558C (en) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-07-10 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Method for data transmission in a TDMA mobile radio system and a mobile radio system for carrying out the method |
| FI97187C (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-10-25 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | High speed data transmission in mobile networks |
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1996
- 1996-10-25 DE DE19644436A patent/DE19644436C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1997
- 1997-07-21 EP EP97112445A patent/EP0838966A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-07-23 NZ NZ328398A patent/NZ328398A/en unknown
- 1997-07-23 AU AU30177/97A patent/AU3017797A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-07-25 TW TW086110623A patent/TW376672B/en active
- 1997-07-29 IL IL12142497A patent/IL121424A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-07-31 CA CA002212072A patent/CA2212072A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-12 SG SG1997002913A patent/SG68629A1/en unknown
- 1997-10-09 HU HU9701624A patent/HU218053B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-14 KR KR1019970052484A patent/KR19980032803A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-10-23 CZ CZ973361A patent/CZ336197A3/en unknown
- 1997-10-24 CN CN97121528A patent/CN1181684A/en active Pending
- 1997-10-24 RU RU97118323/09A patent/RU97118323A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-10-24 BR BR9705142A patent/BR9705142A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-10-24 PL PL97322815A patent/PL322815A1/en unknown
- 1997-10-27 JP JP9293823A patent/JPH10154988A/en active Pending
Also Published As
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| AU3017797A (en) | 1998-04-30 |
| JPH10154988A (en) | 1998-06-09 |
| NZ328398A (en) | 1997-12-19 |
| HUP9701624A2 (en) | 1998-06-29 |
| HU9701624D0 (en) | 1997-11-28 |
| BR9705142A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
| KR19980032803A (en) | 1998-07-25 |
| HUP9701624A3 (en) | 1999-03-29 |
| CZ336197A3 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
| IL121424A0 (en) | 1998-01-04 |
| TW376672B (en) | 1999-12-11 |
| SG68629A1 (en) | 1999-11-16 |
| DE19644436C2 (en) | 1998-11-26 |
| DE19644436A1 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
| EP0838966A3 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
| HU218053B (en) | 2000-05-28 |
| RU97118323A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
| IL121424A (en) | 2000-02-17 |
| CN1181684A (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| EP0838966A2 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
| PL322815A1 (en) | 1998-04-27 |
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