CA2211107A1 - Astaxanthin suspension - Google Patents
Astaxanthin suspensionInfo
- Publication number
- CA2211107A1 CA2211107A1 CA002211107A CA2211107A CA2211107A1 CA 2211107 A1 CA2211107 A1 CA 2211107A1 CA 002211107 A CA002211107 A CA 002211107A CA 2211107 A CA2211107 A CA 2211107A CA 2211107 A1 CA2211107 A1 CA 2211107A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- astaxanthin
- suspension
- oil
- feed
- particle size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/179—Colouring agents, e.g. pigmenting or dyeing agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
- A23L5/42—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners
- A23L5/43—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using naturally occurring organic dyes or pigments, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
- A23L5/44—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using naturally occurring organic dyes or pigments, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives using carotenoids or xanthophylls
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
A suspension of astaxanthin in oil and use thereof in the manufacture of feed for aquatic animals.
Description
ASTAXANTHIN SUSPENSION
This invention relates to a stable oil suspension of astaxanthin with high bioavailability, and the use thereof.
Astaxanthin belongs to the carotenoids, which is a group of compounds exhibiting a wide range of yellow to red colour nuances. Carotenoids give rise to several of the colour characteristics of plants, and aquatic animals, for example.
Carotenoids are insoluble in water and are only slightly fat soluble which means that solutions of carotenoids for direct application are unavailable. Furthermore, carotenoids are very sensible to oxidation.
The colouring effect of crystalline carotenoids, which can be isolated in laboratories, is very low due to the insolubility and the particle size of the crystals.
In order to increase the colouring effect and the resorbability of carotenoids, it is necessary to reduce the particle size of the carotenoids and to protect the carotenoids from oxidation.
Astaxanthin is used in fish-farming to impart a pink colour to shrimp, trout, salmon etc.
Currently, two gelatine-coated products (Carophyll PinkT"") containing 5% and 8%
astaxanthin, respectively, are commercially available. These products are given in the feed.
These products, however, suffer from the disadvantages of having a reduced bio-availability due to a very slow dissolution rate of gelatine at low temperatures, and a limited storage time due to a hardening of the gelatine capsule; furthermore, there is a considerable waste of the products (approximately 15%) during production of feed by extrusion.
This invention relates to a stable oil suspension of astaxanthin with high bioavailability, and the use thereof.
Astaxanthin belongs to the carotenoids, which is a group of compounds exhibiting a wide range of yellow to red colour nuances. Carotenoids give rise to several of the colour characteristics of plants, and aquatic animals, for example.
Carotenoids are insoluble in water and are only slightly fat soluble which means that solutions of carotenoids for direct application are unavailable. Furthermore, carotenoids are very sensible to oxidation.
The colouring effect of crystalline carotenoids, which can be isolated in laboratories, is very low due to the insolubility and the particle size of the crystals.
In order to increase the colouring effect and the resorbability of carotenoids, it is necessary to reduce the particle size of the carotenoids and to protect the carotenoids from oxidation.
Astaxanthin is used in fish-farming to impart a pink colour to shrimp, trout, salmon etc.
Currently, two gelatine-coated products (Carophyll PinkT"") containing 5% and 8%
astaxanthin, respectively, are commercially available. These products are given in the feed.
These products, however, suffer from the disadvantages of having a reduced bio-availability due to a very slow dissolution rate of gelatine at low temperatures, and a limited storage time due to a hardening of the gelatine capsule; furthermore, there is a considerable waste of the products (approximately 15%) during production of feed by extrusion.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a stable suspension of astaxanthin with a high bioavailability even at low temperatures. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a product that can be added to the feed after extrusion and thereby obviating the loss of colour pigment in feed production.
Additional objects will be obvious to a person skilled in the art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention comprises thus the following:
A suspension of astaxanthin in oil wherein a majority of the astaxanthin particles have a particle size less than 2 m;
such a suspension wherein a majority of the astaxanthin particles have a particle size less than less than 1 pm;
such a suspension wherein the concentration of astaxanthin is between 0.03%
and 50%;
such a suspension wherein the concentration of astaxanthin is between 5% and 20%;
such a suspension containing an antioxidant;
the use of such a suspension in the manufacture of feed for aquatic animals;
and such use whereby the oil suspension is absorbed into the feed after extrusion.
The suspension according to the invention can be prepared by milling of astaxanthin, if desired in the presence of oil. Suitably, astaxanthin is milled without oil, whereafter oil is added and the milling continued, if desired.
It is an object of the invention to provide a stable suspension of astaxanthin with a high bioavailability even at low temperatures. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a product that can be added to the feed after extrusion and thereby obviating the loss of colour pigment in feed production.
Additional objects will be obvious to a person skilled in the art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention comprises thus the following:
A suspension of astaxanthin in oil wherein a majority of the astaxanthin particles have a particle size less than 2 m;
such a suspension wherein a majority of the astaxanthin particles have a particle size less than less than 1 pm;
such a suspension wherein the concentration of astaxanthin is between 0.03%
and 50%;
such a suspension wherein the concentration of astaxanthin is between 5% and 20%;
such a suspension containing an antioxidant;
the use of such a suspension in the manufacture of feed for aquatic animals;
and such use whereby the oil suspension is absorbed into the feed after extrusion.
The suspension according to the invention can be prepared by milling of astaxanthin, if desired in the presence of oil. Suitably, astaxanthin is milled without oil, whereafter oil is added and the milling continued, if desired.
Oxidation of astaxanthin during the dry milling operation can be reduced by the application of an inert gas atmosphere.
Another method by which astaxanthin could be obtained in finely divided form is by abrupt precipitation from a solution of astaxanthin in a solvent.
The astaxanthin particles in the suspension of the invention have a particle size less than 2 m, especially less than 1 m. More preferred is an astaxanthin particle size less than 0.5 m, especially less than 0.1 m.
The oil can be any animal or vegetable oil suitable for use in feed for aquatic animals.
Such oil includes fish oil, such as for example mackerel oil, sprat oil and launce oil.
Antioxidants, such as for example tocopherols, especially a-tocopherol, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), ascorbylpalmitate or ethoxyquin, can be added to the suspension to avoid oxidation.
Further stabilisation of the solution of the invention can be obtained by keeping the suspension at temperatures below the solidification temperature.
Feed for aquatic animals suitably contains 15-30 % fat. Fat can be added by absorption of oil into the feed after extrusion, if desired using vacuum. The oil suspension of the invention could suitably be added to the feed using the same procedure, whereby an addition of fat and astaxanthin is obtained in one step.
Preferably, the suspension of the invention has a high concentration of astaxanthin and is diluted with additional oil before use.
The final concentration of astaxanthin in fish feed is suitable between 25 and ppm.
Another method by which astaxanthin could be obtained in finely divided form is by abrupt precipitation from a solution of astaxanthin in a solvent.
The astaxanthin particles in the suspension of the invention have a particle size less than 2 m, especially less than 1 m. More preferred is an astaxanthin particle size less than 0.5 m, especially less than 0.1 m.
The oil can be any animal or vegetable oil suitable for use in feed for aquatic animals.
Such oil includes fish oil, such as for example mackerel oil, sprat oil and launce oil.
Antioxidants, such as for example tocopherols, especially a-tocopherol, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), ascorbylpalmitate or ethoxyquin, can be added to the suspension to avoid oxidation.
Further stabilisation of the solution of the invention can be obtained by keeping the suspension at temperatures below the solidification temperature.
Feed for aquatic animals suitably contains 15-30 % fat. Fat can be added by absorption of oil into the feed after extrusion, if desired using vacuum. The oil suspension of the invention could suitably be added to the feed using the same procedure, whereby an addition of fat and astaxanthin is obtained in one step.
Preferably, the suspension of the invention has a high concentration of astaxanthin and is diluted with additional oil before use.
The final concentration of astaxanthin in fish feed is suitable between 25 and ppm.
Detailed Description of the Invention The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the following example, which are given by way of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting.
Milling of Astaxanthin Astaxanthin (0.1 g) is milled for one hour totally in a Fritsen planetary micro mill pulverisette 7, speed 6. 5 ml of Launce oil ( Esbjerg Fiskeindustri ) is added and milling is continued for 15 min, speed 1.5. Particle size is measured by microscopy and found to be less than 2 m for the majority of the particles.
This suspension is poured on to a glass and placed in the dark at room temperature for 14 days.
The above procedure is repeated, and the suspension obtained is compared with the 14-day-old suspension.
The small particles show a tendency to agglomeration but nothing indicates that the particles grow when standing. There is no sedimentation of astaxanthin.
Launce oil solidifies at -18 C.
Milling of Astaxanthin Astaxanthin (0.1 g) is milled for one hour totally in a Fritsen planetary micro mill pulverisette 7, speed 6. 5 ml of Launce oil ( Esbjerg Fiskeindustri ) is added and milling is continued for 15 min, speed 1.5. Particle size is measured by microscopy and found to be less than 2 m for the majority of the particles.
This suspension is poured on to a glass and placed in the dark at room temperature for 14 days.
The above procedure is repeated, and the suspension obtained is compared with the 14-day-old suspension.
The small particles show a tendency to agglomeration but nothing indicates that the particles grow when standing. There is no sedimentation of astaxanthin.
Launce oil solidifies at -18 C.
Claims (5)
1. A suspension of astaxanthin in oil wherein a majority of the astaxanthin particles have a particle size less than 2 µm.
2. A suspension as in claim 1 wherein a majority of the astaxanthin particles have a particle size less than 1 µm.
3. A suspension as in claim 1 wherein the concentration of astaxanthin is between 0.03% and 50%.
4. A suspension as in claim 3 wherein the concentration of astaxanthin is between 5% and 20%.
5. A suspension as in claim 1 containing an antioxidant.
6. Use of the suspension in claim 1 in the manufacture of feed for aquatic animals.
5. A suspension as in claim 1 containing an antioxidant.
6. Use of the suspension in claim 1 in the manufacture of feed for aquatic animals.
5. The use according to claim 6 hereby the oil suspension is absorbed into the feed after extrusion.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK0108/95 | 1995-01-31 | ||
| DK10895 | 1995-01-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2211107A1 true CA2211107A1 (en) | 1996-08-08 |
Family
ID=8089837
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002211107A Abandoned CA2211107A1 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1996-01-30 | Astaxanthin suspension |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0812135A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10511270A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4715696A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2211107A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI972961A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO973473D0 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ301672A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996023420A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19649062A1 (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-05-28 | Basf Ag | Liquid, oil-miscible carotenoid preparations |
| US7105176B2 (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2006-09-12 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Production of solid preparations of water-soluble, sparingly water-soluble or water-insoluble active compounds |
| GB0218932D0 (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2002-09-25 | Zoolife Internat Ltd | Composition for dietary enrichment |
| WO2006034556A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-06 | Michael Ary Bos | Caratenoid composition and method for preparation thereof |
| DE602006019084D1 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2011-02-03 | Phares Drug Delivery Ag | DIRECT SOLUTION |
| ES2304835B1 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2009-10-23 | Universidad De Las Palmas De Gran Canaria | FEED AND FEEDING PROCEDURE FOR PINK-RED COLORED SKIN FISHES FROM AQUACULTURE, TO OBTAIN IN THE SAME AN EXTERNAL COLORATION AND APPEARANCE SIMILAR TO SUCH ORGANIZATIONS WHEN THEY ARE OBTAINED DIRECTLY FROM THE SEA THROUGH FISHING. |
| WO2008087140A2 (en) | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-24 | Basf Se | Liquid formulations containing a carotinoid |
| EP2222180B1 (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2018-07-18 | Basf Se | Method for the production of carotenoid solutions |
| WO2009065928A1 (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-05-28 | Basf Se | Method for producing carotenoid solutions |
| CN105077203A (en) | 2007-11-29 | 2015-11-25 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Pulverulent carotenoid preparation for colouring drinks |
| ES2563640T5 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2021-11-22 | Basf Se | Stable emulsion, ready to use |
| EP2792246A1 (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-22 | Basf Se | Method for producing an astaxanthin suspension |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3611229A1 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-08 | Basf Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FINE DISTRIBUTED, POWDERED CAROTINOID PREPARATIONS |
| DK199887D0 (en) * | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Danisco Bioteknologi As | yeast strain |
| US4871551A (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1989-10-03 | Microbio Resources, Inc. | Pigmentation supplements for animal feed compositions |
| DK546289D0 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1989-11-02 | Danochemo As | carotenoid |
| DE4200728A1 (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1993-07-15 | Basf Ag | STABLE, LIQUID PREPARATIONS OF FAT-SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES |
| DK0556883T3 (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 1999-04-26 | Dsm Nv | Process for producing feed pellets |
-
1996
- 1996-01-30 AU AU47156/96A patent/AU4715696A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-30 WO PCT/EP1996/000373 patent/WO1996023420A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-30 NZ NZ301672A patent/NZ301672A/en unknown
- 1996-01-30 EP EP96902947A patent/EP0812135A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-01-30 CA CA002211107A patent/CA2211107A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-30 JP JP8523250A patent/JPH10511270A/en active Pending
-
1997
- 1997-07-11 FI FI972961A patent/FI972961A/en unknown
- 1997-07-28 NO NO973473A patent/NO973473D0/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ301672A (en) | 1997-12-19 |
| NO973473L (en) | 1997-07-28 |
| AU4715696A (en) | 1996-08-21 |
| WO1996023420A1 (en) | 1996-08-08 |
| NO973473D0 (en) | 1997-07-28 |
| FI972961A0 (en) | 1997-07-11 |
| FI972961A (en) | 1997-07-31 |
| JPH10511270A (en) | 1998-11-04 |
| EP0812135A1 (en) | 1997-12-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |