CA2208893C - Drilling apparatus - Google Patents
Drilling apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2208893C CA2208893C CA002208893A CA2208893A CA2208893C CA 2208893 C CA2208893 C CA 2208893C CA 002208893 A CA002208893 A CA 002208893A CA 2208893 A CA2208893 A CA 2208893A CA 2208893 C CA2208893 C CA 2208893C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- arrangement
- flow
- drilling
- hammering
- drilling apparatus
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B6/00—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A drilling device operates as a down-the-hole drill by a feeding motion along its longitudinal direction, a to-and-fro hammering motion and a rotational motion around its longitudinal axis. The drilling apparatus includes hammering means, driven by pressure medium in liquid form led by a second flow arrangement from the pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus. The hammering means include a hollow frame part, a valve and flow directing arrangement controlling the flow of pressure medium for the hammering means, a piston arrangement carrying out the hammering motion by influence of the above and an accumulator arrangement for storing pressure medium. To minimize the cross section of the hammering means, a flow way of the second flow arrangement in connection with the piston arrangement, such as an input flow way and/or output flow way, is divided into two or more flow parts.
Description
Drilling apparatus The invention relates to a drilling apparatus to drill a hole into the ground.
Drilling arrangements in which the hammering means operated by compressed air, are placed advantageously at the drilling head of a down-the-hole drill, have already been known for a long time and they have also been widely used in mining industry. An advantage of the hammering means being placed in the hole is, that its strokes are applied directly to the drill bit, whereby it is possible to decrease energy loss and unnecessary wearing of components belonging to the arrangement to lower level than in arrangements where the hammering means are placed in the rear end of the drill rod. In pneumatic drilling machines compressed air is usually used to flush drilling waste, also. However, it is not beneficial to use the drilling machine with compressed air, because a very high power compressor unit is thus needed. In addition, the efficiency of a pneumatic system is clearly lower than that of a hydraulic system.
The use of a hydraulic drilling machine is known for example from Patent Publication PCT/4089/00256. The drilling device according to the above publication is moved in an oscillating motion as distinct from the usual rotational motion, that takes place continuously in the same direction. The reason for this is, that for feeding of pressure medium into the hammering unit placed in the drilling head, separate feeding hoses are used, whereby, when adding or removing drill rods to/from the drilling device, the feeding hoses are fed into the hole or wound up from the hole. To achieve an optimum drilling effect and to prevent damage to the feeding hoses, the twisting angle is preferably limited between 180° - 360°. To minimize wear of the feeding hoses, an application is described in the publication, in which each drill rod has two longitudinal ducts that are open outwards, in which the feeding hoses are placed for feeding and leading off of the pressure oil for the hammering unit of the drilling device placed in the hole. The hydraulic hoses are thus advantageously inside the circle of the drill rod. Feeding of the compressed air is carried out advantageously by applying conventional techniques and leading it through the hollow drill rod.
Drilling arrangements in which the hammering means operated by compressed air, are placed advantageously at the drilling head of a down-the-hole drill, have already been known for a long time and they have also been widely used in mining industry. An advantage of the hammering means being placed in the hole is, that its strokes are applied directly to the drill bit, whereby it is possible to decrease energy loss and unnecessary wearing of components belonging to the arrangement to lower level than in arrangements where the hammering means are placed in the rear end of the drill rod. In pneumatic drilling machines compressed air is usually used to flush drilling waste, also. However, it is not beneficial to use the drilling machine with compressed air, because a very high power compressor unit is thus needed. In addition, the efficiency of a pneumatic system is clearly lower than that of a hydraulic system.
The use of a hydraulic drilling machine is known for example from Patent Publication PCT/4089/00256. The drilling device according to the above publication is moved in an oscillating motion as distinct from the usual rotational motion, that takes place continuously in the same direction. The reason for this is, that for feeding of pressure medium into the hammering unit placed in the drilling head, separate feeding hoses are used, whereby, when adding or removing drill rods to/from the drilling device, the feeding hoses are fed into the hole or wound up from the hole. To achieve an optimum drilling effect and to prevent damage to the feeding hoses, the twisting angle is preferably limited between 180° - 360°. To minimize wear of the feeding hoses, an application is described in the publication, in which each drill rod has two longitudinal ducts that are open outwards, in which the feeding hoses are placed for feeding and leading off of the pressure oil for the hammering unit of the drilling device placed in the hole. The hydraulic hoses are thus advantageously inside the circle of the drill rod. Feeding of the compressed air is carried out advantageously by applying conventional techniques and leading it through the hollow drill rod.
The solution according to the publication above is not very good in practice, because the handling of feeding hoses requires massive equipment. It is necessary to arrange winding drums and driving mechanisms for both feeding hoses, the space utilization of which is determined by the depth of the hole to be drilled. The handling of the feeding hoses during a drilling situation is naturally difficult, wherein careless installation and use may cause environmental damage when the feeding hoses are injured. When drilling holes are different depths, corresponding hoses of different lengths must be used or they must be lengthened with joints, which again causes environmental risks. The hydraulic hammer placed in the front end of the drill rods is not described in greater detail in the publication.
Thus it is known from both pneumatic and hydraulic drilling apparatus to place the hammering unit inside the protecting tube at the drilling head. In this case there has been placed inside the frame of the hammering unit a valve and flow directing arrangement controlling the flow of pressure medium and a piston arrangement carrying out the said hammering motion by influence of the above.
In conventional constructions the flow ways of the second flow arrangement, that are in connection with the hammering unit, are formed of one input flow way and of one output flow way. In addition to that, when placing the hammering unit at the drilling head of the drilling device, there must be placed a flushing duct, acting as the first flow arrangement, in the hammering unit, also. This is why, when applying traditional solutions, the cross section of the hammering unit always gets relatively big, which fact naturally has a remarkable influence on the overall construction and the manufacturing costs of the drilling device. On the other hand solutions are known from certain types of drilling devices, also, in which particularly for minimizing the cross section of the hammering means, a flow way of the second flow arrangement, essentially in connection with the same, such as an input flow way and/or an output flow way, is divided into two or more flow parts.
One practical problem concerning present down-the-hole drills is particularly the controlling of the pressure medium of the hammering means, whereby it is known for example from EP-application 22865 to apply an accumulator arrangement, placed essentially apart from the hammering means, to stabilize pressure levels. In this case it is necessary to use a separate compensation device, which has dividing places for the flow ways, between the drilling device and the drill rod being attached to the same. The solution in question is inconvenient particularly in the sense of manufacturing and maintenance because of its complicated construction.
It is an aim of the drilling apparatus embodying this invention to achieve a decisive improvement in the problems presented above and thus to raise substantially the level of knowledge in the field. To achieve this aim, the new drilling apparatus is primarily characterized in that the drilling device includes an accumulator arrangement or a like, for storing pressure medium, in connection with the second flow arrangement, that is arranged in the longitudinal direction immediately after the hammering means and which is placed preferably centrally on the same longitudinal axis between the piston arrangement of the hammering means and the dividing arrangement of the flow ways.
The most important advantages of the new drilling apparatus are the simplicity of its construction and profitableness particularly in the sense of manufacturing costs. It is possible to optimize the cross section of the hammering means in a way, that placing of the hammering means immediately after the drill bit at the drilling head does not make any extra demands for example on the dimensioning of the protecting tube covering the hammering means and the drill rods. In addition to that, the hammering means and the accumulator arrangement, when being arranged as an integrated entirety and placed directly after one another, may be changed by cartridge principle as a whole, when required. This makes the maintenance particularly of the components in question much easier, because in this case either one of them may be taken in for service as a whole, when required, whereby a new corresponding component may be installed in the drilling device immediately in the place of the same. In addition to that, when placing the accumulator arrangements as near as possible to the hammering means, problems concerning loss of pressure or the like may be avoided.
More particularly in accordance with the invention there is provided, drilling apparatus drilling apparatus which comprises a drilling device having a drilling end which includes a drilling means for drilling a hole and an other end which includes jointing means for fastening a drill rod to increase drilling depth of the apparatus, the drilling device operating as a down-hole drill by a feeding motion in a longitudinal axis direction of said drilling device and by a reciprocating hammering motion along and by rotational motion around the longitudinal axis, flushing means for removing drilling waste generated by the drilling means including a first flow arrangement for leading a flushing medium therefor, hammering means cooperating with said drilling means comprising: a hollow frame part, a piston arrangement in said hollow frame part, a second flow arrangement connected to a pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus for actuating said piston arrangement with a valve and flow directing arrangement to provide said hammering motion, the second flow arrangement comprising a pair of flow ways having at least one flow way divided by a dividing arrangement into at least two flow parts, and an accumulator arrangement for storing said pressure medium located in said longitudinal axis direction away from said drilling means, beyond the said piston arrangement and between said piston arrangement and the dividing arrangement of said flow way.
Embodiments of the drilling apparatus according to the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a view, that is half-cut longitudinally from separate places, of a drilling apparatus according to the invention, wherein the hammering means are placed in connection with the drill bit, Figs. 2a and 2b show cross sectional views along lines Y-Y and X-X in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 shows a partial longitudinal section of a dividing arrangement placed in connection with the hammer means, Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the hammering means, that are arranged, as an advantageous embodiment of the invention, as an integrated entirety, and Fig. 5 shows an advantageous piston arrangement of the drilling apparatus according to the invention.
Drilling apparatus to drill a hole into the ground, whereby the drilling apparatus has at least:
- a drilling device 1, the drilling end I of which includes at least drilling means 2 for drilling a hole and the other end II of which includes jointing means 3 for fastening of a drill rod 4 to increase the drilling depth of the drilling apparatus. The drilling device 1 is arranged to operate as a down-the-hole drill by a feeding motion along its longitudinal direction s and by a to-and-fro or a like hammering motion t as well as by a rotational motion w around its longitudinal axis s. In connection of the drilling device 1 there exists preferably flushing means 5 to remove drilling waste generated by the drilling means 2, that are arranged functional by flushing medium led by a first flow arrangement 6, and - hammering means 8, placed in connection with the drilling means 2 in the drilling device 1, to achieve a hammering motion, that are arranged functional by pressure medium in liquid form led by a second flow arrangement 9 from the pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus. The hammering means 8 include a hollow frame part 7, which has, at least to achieve a hammering motion, a valve and flow directing arrangement o controlling the flow of pressure medium taking place at the hammering means 8 and a piston arrangement 10 carrying out the said hammering motion by influence of the above, wherein particularly at least to minimize the cross section of the hammering means 8, at least one flow way of the second flow arrangement 9, essentially in connection with the same, such as an input flow 9a and/or an output flow way 9b, is divided in two or more flow parts.
The drilling device 1 includes as well as an accumulator arrangement 11 or a like, for storing pressure medium, in connection with the second flow arrangement 9, that is arranged in the longitudinal direction s immediately after the hammering means 8 and which is placed preferably centrally on the same longitudinal axis s between the piston arrangement 10 of the hammering means 8 and the dividing arrangement 13 of the flow ways.
In the embodiment presented in fig. 1 the hammering means 8 are arranged inside a protective tube SP, shown by a line of dots and dashes, in connection with the drill bit 2, shown correspondingly by a line of dots and dashes.
In this case for leading of flushing medium, the first flow arrangement 6 is arranged to be led centrically through the piston arrangement 10, in which case in the other end II of the drilling device 1 there exists coupling means 12 in addition to the jointing means 3, to couple the first flow arrangement 6 and the second flow arrangement 9 with an input flow duct 9a', an output flow duct 9b' and a flushing medium duct 6', that exist in a drill rod 4 being connected to the drilling device 1.
In this case, the first flow arrangement 6 for leading of flushing medium is arranged, as an advantageous embodiment of the invention, to be directed centrally through the accumulator arrangement 11 placed after the piston arrangement 10, that is situated at the drilling end I of the drilling device 1. As an advantageous embodiment, the accumulator arrangement 11 is connected to the flow parts 9a1, 9a2, 9a3, 9a4 and 9b1, 9b2, 9b3, 9b4 of the input flow way 9a and the output flow way 9b of the second flow arrangement 9. (See also Fig. 2a, 2b and 3.) With reference to figs. 1, 4 and 5 the piston arrangement 10 of the hammering means 8 includes at least one slide piston 10a moving in the longitudinal direction s of the frame part 7, the first end I' of which acts as a hammering head, whereby the hammering means 8 include as well coupling means 12 to couple the flow ways 9a, 9b of the second flow arrangement 9, that are in connection with the hammering means 8, with the pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus. In this case in connection with the hammering means there has been arranged a dividing arrangement 13, as shown in figs. 1 and 3, to divide the input flow way 9a and the output flow way 9b of the second flow arrangement 9, that are connected to the piston arrangement 10 belonging to the hammering means 8, into several flow parts by dividing points J1, J2 placed advantageously at a distance a from each other in the longitudinal direction s.
The flow ways 9a, 9b of the second flow arrangement 9 in connection with the hammering means 8, are advantageously each formed of a recess, such as a groove or a like, placed on the outer surface of piston arrangement 10 essentially in the longitudinal direction s, whereby flow of the pressure medium in connection with the hammering means 8 at least partly takes place between the piston arrangement 10 and the frame part 7. In this case as an advantageous embodiment, the flow parts of the flow ways 9a, 9b of the second flow arrangement 9 in at least part of the piston arrangement 10 are arranged, when viewed cross sectionally, symmetrically, preferably as recesses placed on the outer surface of the piston arrangement 10 in the longitudinal direction s.
Further, as an advantageous embodiment, the input flow way 9a and the output flow way 9b of the second flow arrangement 9, that are in the piston arrangement 10, are divided into tour parts 9a1, 9a2, 9a3, 9a4, 9b1, 9b2, 9b3, 9b4, each, whereby they are arranged, when viewing also the piston arrangement 10 cross sectionally, preferably in turn at an angle of 45° in relation to each other, as in figs. 2a and 2b, and on the outer surface of the piston arrangement 10, as shown in fig. 5. The reference letter o in fig. 5 represents a control flow duct of the valve arrangement and the reference code tv represents a leak flow duct of the gaskets.
As a particularly advantageous embodiment with reference to fig. 4, the hammering means 8 are arranged as an integrated entirety, such as a cartridge or a like, that may be installed/removed essentially as a whole from the drilling apparatus. This matter has a very remarkable meaning concerning maintenance carried out at the working site, because when applying traditional solutions, the operations concerning particularly the hammering means must be carried out by removing the parts belonging to the hammering means nearly one at a time from the drilling apparatus.
Further, with reference to fig. 4, to form an integrated entirety, the first end I' of the frame part 7 is closed by means of a closing part 15, that is connected to the frame part 7 by fixing means 14, such as by welding, screw coupling or correspondingly, whereby at the other end II' of the frame part 7 there is a shoulder 16, that restricts the movement of the piston arrangement 10 in the longitudinal direction s. Further, as an advantageous embodiment, the frame part 7 surrounding the hammering means 8 includes at the other end II' of the same an extension part 7', that starts from the bottom part 16 and is directed in the longitudinal direction s away from the piston arrangement 10, for the installing of the accumulator arrangement 11 and the dividing arrangement 13 inside the extension part 7'.
It is obvious, that the invention is not limited to the embodiments presented or described above instead it can be modified to a great extent within the basic idea. For one thing the hydraulic fluid of the hammering means may be transmitted in connection with the drill rods by feeding hoses or correspondingly.
Correspondingly the first flow arrangement of the flushing means may be formed of two ducts, whereby feeding of the flushing medium takes place through the first duct and suction of the flushing medium takes place through the second duct through interiors of the drilling device and the drill rods. Correspondingly, the turning motion of the drilling apparatus may be arranged reciprocating, whereby, however, a more complicated and uncertain controlling and regulating technics is required than that for the above described application.
Thus it is known from both pneumatic and hydraulic drilling apparatus to place the hammering unit inside the protecting tube at the drilling head. In this case there has been placed inside the frame of the hammering unit a valve and flow directing arrangement controlling the flow of pressure medium and a piston arrangement carrying out the said hammering motion by influence of the above.
In conventional constructions the flow ways of the second flow arrangement, that are in connection with the hammering unit, are formed of one input flow way and of one output flow way. In addition to that, when placing the hammering unit at the drilling head of the drilling device, there must be placed a flushing duct, acting as the first flow arrangement, in the hammering unit, also. This is why, when applying traditional solutions, the cross section of the hammering unit always gets relatively big, which fact naturally has a remarkable influence on the overall construction and the manufacturing costs of the drilling device. On the other hand solutions are known from certain types of drilling devices, also, in which particularly for minimizing the cross section of the hammering means, a flow way of the second flow arrangement, essentially in connection with the same, such as an input flow way and/or an output flow way, is divided into two or more flow parts.
One practical problem concerning present down-the-hole drills is particularly the controlling of the pressure medium of the hammering means, whereby it is known for example from EP-application 22865 to apply an accumulator arrangement, placed essentially apart from the hammering means, to stabilize pressure levels. In this case it is necessary to use a separate compensation device, which has dividing places for the flow ways, between the drilling device and the drill rod being attached to the same. The solution in question is inconvenient particularly in the sense of manufacturing and maintenance because of its complicated construction.
It is an aim of the drilling apparatus embodying this invention to achieve a decisive improvement in the problems presented above and thus to raise substantially the level of knowledge in the field. To achieve this aim, the new drilling apparatus is primarily characterized in that the drilling device includes an accumulator arrangement or a like, for storing pressure medium, in connection with the second flow arrangement, that is arranged in the longitudinal direction immediately after the hammering means and which is placed preferably centrally on the same longitudinal axis between the piston arrangement of the hammering means and the dividing arrangement of the flow ways.
The most important advantages of the new drilling apparatus are the simplicity of its construction and profitableness particularly in the sense of manufacturing costs. It is possible to optimize the cross section of the hammering means in a way, that placing of the hammering means immediately after the drill bit at the drilling head does not make any extra demands for example on the dimensioning of the protecting tube covering the hammering means and the drill rods. In addition to that, the hammering means and the accumulator arrangement, when being arranged as an integrated entirety and placed directly after one another, may be changed by cartridge principle as a whole, when required. This makes the maintenance particularly of the components in question much easier, because in this case either one of them may be taken in for service as a whole, when required, whereby a new corresponding component may be installed in the drilling device immediately in the place of the same. In addition to that, when placing the accumulator arrangements as near as possible to the hammering means, problems concerning loss of pressure or the like may be avoided.
More particularly in accordance with the invention there is provided, drilling apparatus drilling apparatus which comprises a drilling device having a drilling end which includes a drilling means for drilling a hole and an other end which includes jointing means for fastening a drill rod to increase drilling depth of the apparatus, the drilling device operating as a down-hole drill by a feeding motion in a longitudinal axis direction of said drilling device and by a reciprocating hammering motion along and by rotational motion around the longitudinal axis, flushing means for removing drilling waste generated by the drilling means including a first flow arrangement for leading a flushing medium therefor, hammering means cooperating with said drilling means comprising: a hollow frame part, a piston arrangement in said hollow frame part, a second flow arrangement connected to a pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus for actuating said piston arrangement with a valve and flow directing arrangement to provide said hammering motion, the second flow arrangement comprising a pair of flow ways having at least one flow way divided by a dividing arrangement into at least two flow parts, and an accumulator arrangement for storing said pressure medium located in said longitudinal axis direction away from said drilling means, beyond the said piston arrangement and between said piston arrangement and the dividing arrangement of said flow way.
Embodiments of the drilling apparatus according to the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a view, that is half-cut longitudinally from separate places, of a drilling apparatus according to the invention, wherein the hammering means are placed in connection with the drill bit, Figs. 2a and 2b show cross sectional views along lines Y-Y and X-X in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 shows a partial longitudinal section of a dividing arrangement placed in connection with the hammer means, Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the hammering means, that are arranged, as an advantageous embodiment of the invention, as an integrated entirety, and Fig. 5 shows an advantageous piston arrangement of the drilling apparatus according to the invention.
Drilling apparatus to drill a hole into the ground, whereby the drilling apparatus has at least:
- a drilling device 1, the drilling end I of which includes at least drilling means 2 for drilling a hole and the other end II of which includes jointing means 3 for fastening of a drill rod 4 to increase the drilling depth of the drilling apparatus. The drilling device 1 is arranged to operate as a down-the-hole drill by a feeding motion along its longitudinal direction s and by a to-and-fro or a like hammering motion t as well as by a rotational motion w around its longitudinal axis s. In connection of the drilling device 1 there exists preferably flushing means 5 to remove drilling waste generated by the drilling means 2, that are arranged functional by flushing medium led by a first flow arrangement 6, and - hammering means 8, placed in connection with the drilling means 2 in the drilling device 1, to achieve a hammering motion, that are arranged functional by pressure medium in liquid form led by a second flow arrangement 9 from the pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus. The hammering means 8 include a hollow frame part 7, which has, at least to achieve a hammering motion, a valve and flow directing arrangement o controlling the flow of pressure medium taking place at the hammering means 8 and a piston arrangement 10 carrying out the said hammering motion by influence of the above, wherein particularly at least to minimize the cross section of the hammering means 8, at least one flow way of the second flow arrangement 9, essentially in connection with the same, such as an input flow 9a and/or an output flow way 9b, is divided in two or more flow parts.
The drilling device 1 includes as well as an accumulator arrangement 11 or a like, for storing pressure medium, in connection with the second flow arrangement 9, that is arranged in the longitudinal direction s immediately after the hammering means 8 and which is placed preferably centrally on the same longitudinal axis s between the piston arrangement 10 of the hammering means 8 and the dividing arrangement 13 of the flow ways.
In the embodiment presented in fig. 1 the hammering means 8 are arranged inside a protective tube SP, shown by a line of dots and dashes, in connection with the drill bit 2, shown correspondingly by a line of dots and dashes.
In this case for leading of flushing medium, the first flow arrangement 6 is arranged to be led centrically through the piston arrangement 10, in which case in the other end II of the drilling device 1 there exists coupling means 12 in addition to the jointing means 3, to couple the first flow arrangement 6 and the second flow arrangement 9 with an input flow duct 9a', an output flow duct 9b' and a flushing medium duct 6', that exist in a drill rod 4 being connected to the drilling device 1.
In this case, the first flow arrangement 6 for leading of flushing medium is arranged, as an advantageous embodiment of the invention, to be directed centrally through the accumulator arrangement 11 placed after the piston arrangement 10, that is situated at the drilling end I of the drilling device 1. As an advantageous embodiment, the accumulator arrangement 11 is connected to the flow parts 9a1, 9a2, 9a3, 9a4 and 9b1, 9b2, 9b3, 9b4 of the input flow way 9a and the output flow way 9b of the second flow arrangement 9. (See also Fig. 2a, 2b and 3.) With reference to figs. 1, 4 and 5 the piston arrangement 10 of the hammering means 8 includes at least one slide piston 10a moving in the longitudinal direction s of the frame part 7, the first end I' of which acts as a hammering head, whereby the hammering means 8 include as well coupling means 12 to couple the flow ways 9a, 9b of the second flow arrangement 9, that are in connection with the hammering means 8, with the pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus. In this case in connection with the hammering means there has been arranged a dividing arrangement 13, as shown in figs. 1 and 3, to divide the input flow way 9a and the output flow way 9b of the second flow arrangement 9, that are connected to the piston arrangement 10 belonging to the hammering means 8, into several flow parts by dividing points J1, J2 placed advantageously at a distance a from each other in the longitudinal direction s.
The flow ways 9a, 9b of the second flow arrangement 9 in connection with the hammering means 8, are advantageously each formed of a recess, such as a groove or a like, placed on the outer surface of piston arrangement 10 essentially in the longitudinal direction s, whereby flow of the pressure medium in connection with the hammering means 8 at least partly takes place between the piston arrangement 10 and the frame part 7. In this case as an advantageous embodiment, the flow parts of the flow ways 9a, 9b of the second flow arrangement 9 in at least part of the piston arrangement 10 are arranged, when viewed cross sectionally, symmetrically, preferably as recesses placed on the outer surface of the piston arrangement 10 in the longitudinal direction s.
Further, as an advantageous embodiment, the input flow way 9a and the output flow way 9b of the second flow arrangement 9, that are in the piston arrangement 10, are divided into tour parts 9a1, 9a2, 9a3, 9a4, 9b1, 9b2, 9b3, 9b4, each, whereby they are arranged, when viewing also the piston arrangement 10 cross sectionally, preferably in turn at an angle of 45° in relation to each other, as in figs. 2a and 2b, and on the outer surface of the piston arrangement 10, as shown in fig. 5. The reference letter o in fig. 5 represents a control flow duct of the valve arrangement and the reference code tv represents a leak flow duct of the gaskets.
As a particularly advantageous embodiment with reference to fig. 4, the hammering means 8 are arranged as an integrated entirety, such as a cartridge or a like, that may be installed/removed essentially as a whole from the drilling apparatus. This matter has a very remarkable meaning concerning maintenance carried out at the working site, because when applying traditional solutions, the operations concerning particularly the hammering means must be carried out by removing the parts belonging to the hammering means nearly one at a time from the drilling apparatus.
Further, with reference to fig. 4, to form an integrated entirety, the first end I' of the frame part 7 is closed by means of a closing part 15, that is connected to the frame part 7 by fixing means 14, such as by welding, screw coupling or correspondingly, whereby at the other end II' of the frame part 7 there is a shoulder 16, that restricts the movement of the piston arrangement 10 in the longitudinal direction s. Further, as an advantageous embodiment, the frame part 7 surrounding the hammering means 8 includes at the other end II' of the same an extension part 7', that starts from the bottom part 16 and is directed in the longitudinal direction s away from the piston arrangement 10, for the installing of the accumulator arrangement 11 and the dividing arrangement 13 inside the extension part 7'.
It is obvious, that the invention is not limited to the embodiments presented or described above instead it can be modified to a great extent within the basic idea. For one thing the hydraulic fluid of the hammering means may be transmitted in connection with the drill rods by feeding hoses or correspondingly.
Correspondingly the first flow arrangement of the flushing means may be formed of two ducts, whereby feeding of the flushing medium takes place through the first duct and suction of the flushing medium takes place through the second duct through interiors of the drilling device and the drill rods. Correspondingly, the turning motion of the drilling apparatus may be arranged reciprocating, whereby, however, a more complicated and uncertain controlling and regulating technics is required than that for the above described application.
Claims (9)
1. Drilling apparatus which comprises:
a drilling device having a drilling end which includes a drilling means for drilling a hole and an other end which includes jointing means for fastening a drill rod to increase drilling depth of the apparatus, the drilling device operating as a down-hole drill by a feeding motion in a longitudinal axis direction of said drilling device and by a reciprocating hammering motion along and by rotational motion around the longitudinal axis, flushing means for removing drilling waste generated by the drilling means including a first flow arrangement for leading a flushing medium therefor, hammering means cooperating with said drilling means comprising:
a hollow frame part, a piston arrangement in said hollow frame part, a second flow arrangement connected to a pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus for actuating said piston arrangement with a valve and flow directing arrangement to provide said hammering motion, the second flow arrangement comprising a pair of flow ways having at least one of the flow ways divided by a dividing arrangement into more than one flow parts, and an accumulator arrangement for storing said pressure medium located in said longitudinal axis direction away from said drilling means, beyond the said piston arrangement and between said piston arrangement and the dividing arrangement.
a drilling device having a drilling end which includes a drilling means for drilling a hole and an other end which includes jointing means for fastening a drill rod to increase drilling depth of the apparatus, the drilling device operating as a down-hole drill by a feeding motion in a longitudinal axis direction of said drilling device and by a reciprocating hammering motion along and by rotational motion around the longitudinal axis, flushing means for removing drilling waste generated by the drilling means including a first flow arrangement for leading a flushing medium therefor, hammering means cooperating with said drilling means comprising:
a hollow frame part, a piston arrangement in said hollow frame part, a second flow arrangement connected to a pressure medium system of the drilling apparatus for actuating said piston arrangement with a valve and flow directing arrangement to provide said hammering motion, the second flow arrangement comprising a pair of flow ways having at least one of the flow ways divided by a dividing arrangement into more than one flow parts, and an accumulator arrangement for storing said pressure medium located in said longitudinal axis direction away from said drilling means, beyond the said piston arrangement and between said piston arrangement and the dividing arrangement.
2. Drilling apparatus according to claim 1, the first flow arrangement leading the flushing medium centrally through the piston arrangement, said other end including coupling means for coupling the first flow arrangement and the second flow arrangement respectively with a flushing medium duct, an input flow duct, and an output flow duct in the drill rod.
3. Drilling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, the accumulator arrangement being connected to the said more than one flow parts.
4. Drilling apparatus according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, the piston arrangement comprising at least one slide piston movable in the longitudinal axis direction comprising a first end acting as a hammering head, each one of said pair of flow ways of the second flow arrangement being divided into said flow parts at respective points which are separated from one another in said longitudinal axis direction.
5. Drilling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the flow parts comprising longitudinal direction extending grooves on the piston arrangement, pressure medium flow taking place in the grooves between the piston arrangement and the frame part, said flow parts being arranged symmetrically in cross section of the piston arrangement.
6. Drilling apparatus according to claim 5, each one of said pair of flow ways of the second flow arrangement being divided into four said flow parts and arranged on the piston arrangement alternately in cross section at an angle of about 45° to one another.
7. Drilling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the hammering means being an integrated entirety that may be installed and removed as a unit from the drilling apparatus.
8. Drilling apparatus according to claim 7, a first end of the frame part being closed by a closing part connected to the frame part by fixing means, and an other end of the frame part comprising a shoulder restricting movement of said piston arrangement in the longitudinal axis direction.
9. Drilling apparatus according to claim 8, the frame part including at said other end, an extension part extending from said shoulder in the longitudinal axis direction away from the piston arrangement, the extension part receiving the accumulator arrangement and the dividing arrangement inside such extension part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002208893A CA2208893C (en) | 1994-12-23 | 1994-12-23 | Drilling apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FI1994/000579 WO1996020330A1 (en) | 1994-12-23 | 1994-12-23 | Drilling apparatus |
| CA002208893A CA2208893C (en) | 1994-12-23 | 1994-12-23 | Drilling apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2208893A1 CA2208893A1 (en) | 1996-07-04 |
| CA2208893C true CA2208893C (en) | 2006-03-21 |
Family
ID=4160952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002208893A Expired - Lifetime CA2208893C (en) | 1994-12-23 | 1994-12-23 | Drilling apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2208893C (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-12-23 CA CA002208893A patent/CA2208893C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2208893A1 (en) | 1996-07-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20141223 |