CA2189359C - Shell for gun with smooth-bore barrel - Google Patents

Shell for gun with smooth-bore barrel Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2189359C
CA2189359C CA002189359A CA2189359A CA2189359C CA 2189359 C CA2189359 C CA 2189359C CA 002189359 A CA002189359 A CA 002189359A CA 2189359 A CA2189359 A CA 2189359A CA 2189359 C CA2189359 C CA 2189359C
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Canada
Prior art keywords
shell
warhead
smooth
converted
guide casing
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA002189359A
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French (fr)
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CA2189359A1 (en
Inventor
Lennart Fredriksson
Arne Wikstrom
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NAMMO LIAB AB
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NAMMO LIAB AB
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Priority claimed from SE9401625A external-priority patent/SE503717C2/en
Application filed by NAMMO LIAB AB filed Critical NAMMO LIAB AB
Publication of CA2189359A1 publication Critical patent/CA2189359A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2189359C publication Critical patent/CA2189359C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for converting mortar shells (1) for use as non-rotating, fin-stabilized shells in guns with unrifled barrels. According to the invention, the warhead (14) of the original mortar shell is supplemented with a guide casing or discarding sabot (6, 17), adapted to the new barrel, and is provided with a tail fin (12, 15) without internal propellant charge, together with a conventional propellant powder charge for the gun in question. The finished shell is also included in the invention.

Description

Shell for gun with smooth-bore barrel The present invention relates to a method for converting certain mortar ammunition for use as fin-s stabilized, non-rotating shells in smooth-bore guns, in particular tank guns. The invention also includes ammunition which has been converted in accordance with this method.
The invention thus includes, on the one hand, a method for converting mortar shells for use as fia stabilized, non-rotating shells in smooth-bore gun barrels, in particular tank guns, of essentially the same calibre as the mortars for which the shells in question were originally intended, and, on the other hand, a method for converting mortar shells, of smaller calibre than the gun barrels in question, to subcalibre non-rotating shells provided with discarding sabots, where the discarding sabots are separated in a known manner from the shells outside the muzzle of the gun barrel.
The invention is considered to be of great value since there is plenty of mortar ammunition in stockpiles, and the high-explosive mortar shells in particular have well-designed shell bodies with good fragmentation properties, and at the same time there is some need for high-explosive shells for the tank divisions, who generally have artillery pieces with smooth-bore barrels.
Of course, the invention also includes the converted shells and the complete rounds of which these form part.

- la -According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for converting mortar shells into shells for use in smooth-bore gun barrels having an interior surface, the mortar shells including a warhead having a front end, a rear end, a tail fin, and a propellant charge, said method comprising the steps of: attaching a guide casing to at least the rear end of the warhead, said guide casing including an outside surface, said guide casing supporting at least the rear end of the warhead, said guide casing adapted to the caliber of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shells are to be fired from; and attaching a bourrelet to said outside surface of said guide casing for sealing between the converted shells and the interior surface of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shells are to be fired from.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for converting a mortar shell including a propellant charge into a shell for use in a smooth-bore gun barrel having an interior surface, said method comprising the steps of: providing a mortar shell including a warhead having a front end, a rear end, an outer surface, and a tail fin; providing a guide casing including an inner surface for engaging at least a portion of the outer surface of the warhead, said guide casing having an outer surface adapted to be utilized with a smooth-bore gun barrel of a caliber that the converted shell is to be utilized with;
providing a bourrelet for attaching to the outer surface of said guide casing to seal a space between the converted shell and the interior surface of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shell is to be fired from; attaching the guide casing to at least the rear end of the warhead, said guide casing supporting at least the rear end of the warhead; and attaching said bourrelet to said guide casing.

- lb -According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a converted shell converted from a form for use with a mortar and including a propellant charge to a fin-stabilized non-rotating shell for use with a smooth-bore gun barrel said converted shell comprising: a warhead of the mortar shell, said warhead including a front end, a rear end, and an outer surface; a guide including an inner surface engaging at least a portion of the outer surface of the warhead, said guide having an outer surface adapted to be utilized with a smooth-bore gun barrel of a caliber that the converted shell is to be utilized with; and a tail fin attached to one of said warhead or said guide.
According the invention, the actual conversion is carried out in such a way that the warhead of the original shell is kept unchanged, while its original tail fin, with internal propellant charge chamber, is either replaced by a new tail fin adapted to the new and higher velocity of exit (Vo) of the projectile, or is merely deprived of its internal propellant charge, at the same time as which the warhead is always provided with a guide vJ0 95130875 218 9 3 .~ ~ PCTISE95100364 part or guide casing which is adapted to the calibre gauge of the smooth-bore barreltin question and Which is preferably provided with ;'a.s~ bourrelet of the type regularly used as a powder gaa seal is barrels of the type is question here.
Ia purely general terms, the ordinary tail fin of the mortar shell is usually secured oa the warhead by means of a screw thread. Particularly in those cases where the tail fin is to be replaced by a new one, the 1D said screw thread can be used for securing the guide casing on the warhead, while the guide casing is is turn provided with a screw thread for the screwing-on of the tail fin.
Moreover. the shells converted in accordance with the present invention are always intended to be supplemented with the propellant powder charge which is appropriate for the gun in question sad which, is the case of task guns. generally involves fixed propellant charges, and with which they can be combined to form complete rounds.
The invention further includes two alternative possibilities for converting the mortar shell for use in smooth-bore barrels. The first variant is based on mortar shells intended for mortars of the same, or essentially the same, calibre as the smooth-bore guns in which the converted shells are intended to be used. and in this case the guide casing is mainly is the form of a casing which encloses and supports the rear part of the warhead of the original shell, the inside of which casing is shaped matching the outer shape of the warhead in order to increase the strength of the warhead against the firing stresses. and the rear portion of Which casing is designed to be relatively strong, and the front portion of which casing consists of an approximately tubular and relatively thin-walled portion which adjoins the outer periphery of the warhead is the vicinity of its maximum diameter. In the more solid rear portion of the guide casing. there is also a bourrelet groove which is provided with a conventional bourrelet.

-'3 -The second variant of the invention is based on a mortar shell of smaller diameter than the gun barrel in question, sad this shell is provided with a'guide casing designed in~accordaace with the principles applying to discarding sabots for subcalibre projectiles, i.e. it is designed is three or more parts is the longitudinal a direction, these parts being held together by mesas of locking bands which are intended to be torn off by the effect of the ram pressure when the projectile leaves the barrel. As in the first variant of the invention, the guide casiag/discarding sabot is question here is also given a relatively strong rear portion, with as inner shape adapted to the outer shape of the warhead in order to increase the strength of the warhead against the firing stresses, and With associated guide grooves for a conventional bourrelet, and a more thin-walled front portion which expediently opens out is a cup shape at the front is order to offer a good point of attack for the relative wind.
The method and the arrangement according to the invention, and the finished round which is obtained in accordance therewith, are defined is the attached patent claims sad will now be described in somewhat greater detail is connection With the attached figures.
Fig. 1 shows a side view of the starting point, namely a conventional high-explosive mortar shall, and Fig. 2 shows a partially cut-away side view of the converted high-explosive shell adapted for use in unrifled gun barrels.
Fig. 3 shows a partially cut-away side view of a converted subcalibre-type shall provided with discarding sabot.
The mortar shell 1 shown is Fig. 1 comprises a front warhead 2 (also seen is Fig. 2) and a rear tail fin 3 with inner propellant charge.
The shall 4 shown in Fig. 2, sad modified for use in unrifled barrels, comprises the explosive-filled warhead 2, while the tail fin 3 has been disassembled and its assembly screw thread 5 has been used for screwing-on of the guide casing 6. The latter has relatively thin-walled, tubular front part 7, a more solid rear portion 8, which encloses the rearwardly narrowing rear part 2a of the warhead 2, and a rear part 11 on which a new tail fin 12 is firmly screwed, the said tail fin 12 being adapted to the new and higher velocity of exit (Vo) of the converted shell.
A bourrelet 9 is further arranged in a bourrelet groove 10 in said solid rear portion 8. The finished shell also includes a fuse 13, which can be the original mortar fuse or a newly constructed mortar fuse.
Fig. 3 shows the second variant of the shell according to the invention. In this case the starting point is a shell 14 of smaller calibre than the barrel in question, and here the original tail fin 15 has been retained, but deprived of its original internal propellant charge. The fuse 16 has also been retained in its original form. In contrast, the shell has been supplemented with a discarding sabot (guide casing) 17 a-c, which is divided in three equal parts in the longitudinal direction and is held together by connection rings 18 and 19 and also the bourrelet 20. These come to be torn off by the ram pressure when the shell leaves the barrel muzzle, after which the discarding sabot parts leave the shell in a known manner, with the shell continuing its trajectory alone. The three parts 17 a-c of the discarding sabot are designed in such a way that the latter has a relatively solid rear and central portion 21, which fits closely against, and supports, those parts of the original shell body which, upon firing, are exposed to the greatest stresses, while its front portion 22 is relatively thin-walled and opens out in a cup shape at the front around the forward part of the shell body 14, in order to give the ram pressure a good point of attack there.

- 4a -The shells which are converted according to the invention are always supplemented with a conventional propellant powder charge for the artillery piece in question.

Claims (17)

CLAIMS:
1. A method for converting mortar shells into shells for use in smooth-bore gun barrels having an interior surface, the mortar shells including a warhead having a front end, a rear end, a tail fin, and a propellant charge, said method comprising the steps of:
attaching a guide casing to at least the rear end of the warhead, said guide casing including an outside surface, said guide casing supporting at least the rear end of the warhead, said guide casing adapted to the caliber of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shells are to be fired from; and attaching a bourrelet to said outside surface of said guide casing for sealing between the converted shells and the interior surface of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shells are to be fired from.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
removing the tail fin from the rear end of the warhead; and attaching to the rear end of the warhead a new tail fin for use with increased exit velocity of the smooth-bore gun barrel, said new tail fin not including a propellant charge.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said warhead includes a threaded portion for securing said tail fin to said warhead, said guide casing includes an inner threaded portion and a rear portion including a rearwardly projecting externally threaded cylinder, said method further comprising the steps of:

attaching said inner threaded portion of said guide casing to said threaded portion of said warhead; and attaching said new tail fin to said rearwardly projecting externally threaded cylinder of said guide casing.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said mortar shell is of a smaller caliber than the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shells are to be fired from, and said guide casing comprises a multi-part guiding sabot for adapting said smaller caliber mortar shell for use with said smooth-bore gun barrel, ram air pressure created as said converted shell passes through said smooth-bore gun barrel causing said guide casing to separate from said smaller caliber mortar shell as the converted shell passes a muzzle of the smooth-bore gun barrel.
5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising the step of:
attaching at least one connector ring to said multi-part sabot for connecting said sabot parts together.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the smooth-bore gun is an artillery piece.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the smooth-bore gun is a tank gun.
8. A method for converting a mortar shell including a propellant charge into a shell for use in a smooth-bore gun barrel having an interior surface, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a mortar shell including a warhead having a front end, a rear end, an outer surface, and a tail fin;

providing a guide casing including an inner surface for engaging at least a portion of the outer surface of the warhead, said guide casing having an outer surface adapted to be utilized with a smooth-bore gun barrel of a caliber that the converted shell is to be utilized with;
providing a bourrelet for attaching to the outer surface of said guide casing to seal a space between the converted shell and the interior surface of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shell is to be fired from;
attaching the guide casing to at least the rear end of the warhead, said guide casing supporting at least the rear end of the warhead; and attaching said bourrelet to said guide casing.
9. A converted shell converted from a form for use with a mortar and including a propellant charge to a fin-stabilized non-rotating shell for use with a smooth-bore gun barrel said converted shell comprising:
a warhead of the mortar shell, said warhead including a front end, a rear end, and an outer surface;
a guide including an inner surface engaging at least a portion of the outer surface of the warhead, said guide having an outer surface adapted to be utilized with a smooth-bore gun barrel of a caliber that the converted shell is to be utilized with; and a tail fin attached to one of said warhead or said guide.
10. The converted shell according to claim 9, further comprising:

a bourrelet adapted to the caliber of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shell is to be fired from and attached around the outer surface of said guide casing to seal a space between the converted shell and the interior surface of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shell is to be fired from; and wherein said warhead narrows toward said rear end and said guide casing encloses at least said narrowing portion of said warhead, and wherein said tail fin does not include a propellant charge.
11. The converted shell according to claim 9, wherein:
said warhead includes a threaded portion for securing a tail fin of the mortar shell to said warhead;
said guide casing includes an inner threaded portion and a rear portion including a rearwardly projecting externally threaded cylinder;

said guide casing is secured to said warhead by engaging said inner threaded portion of said guide casing with said threaded portion of said warhead; and a new tail fin is attached to said rearwardly projecting externally threaded cylinder of said guide casing to replace a tail fin of the shell before conversion.
12. The converted shell according to claim 9, further comprising:

a bourrelet adapted to the caliber of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shell is to be fired from and attached around the outer surface of said guide casing to seal a space between the converted shell and the interior surface of the smooth-bore gun barrel that the converted shell is to be fired from; and wherein said guide includes a collar portion having a substantially constant external diameter, a front portion of said collar being adapted to adjoin the warhead.
13. The converted shell according to claim 9, wherein said converted shell is converted for use with a smooth-bore gun of a larger caliber than the mortar that the shell was originally intended to be utilized with, said guide comprises a multi-part sabot for adapting said shell for use with said larger caliber smooth-bore gun, said sabot being separated from said warhead by ram air pressure created as said converted shell passes through said larger caliber smooth-bore gun barrel.
14. The converted shell according to claim 13, wherein said guide further comprises a cup-shaped front portion opening in a direction of firing of said converted shell, said cup-shaped portion being separated from the front end of the warhead so as to form an annular space between the cup-shaped portion and the front end of the warhead.
15. The converted shell according to claim 13, further comprising:
at least one connector ring to said multi-part sabot for connecting said sabot parts together.
16. The converted shell according to claim 9, wherein the smooth-bore gun is an artillery piece.
17. The converted shell according to claim 9, wherein the smooth-bore gun is a tank gun.
CA002189359A 1994-05-10 1995-04-05 Shell for gun with smooth-bore barrel Expired - Fee Related CA2189359C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9401625A SE503717C2 (en) 1994-05-10 1994-05-10 Cannon grenade with smooth drill pipe
SE9401625-0 1994-05-10
PCT/SE1995/000364 WO1995030875A1 (en) 1994-05-10 1995-04-05 Shell for gun with smooth-bore barrel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2189359A1 CA2189359A1 (en) 1995-11-16
CA2189359C true CA2189359C (en) 2005-10-25

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CA002189359A Expired - Fee Related CA2189359C (en) 1994-05-10 1995-04-05 Shell for gun with smooth-bore barrel

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CA2189359A1 (en) 1995-11-16

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