CA2188390A1 - Electrical cooking apparatus - Google Patents
Electrical cooking apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA2188390A1 CA2188390A1 CA002188390A CA2188390A CA2188390A1 CA 2188390 A1 CA2188390 A1 CA 2188390A1 CA 002188390 A CA002188390 A CA 002188390A CA 2188390 A CA2188390 A CA 2188390A CA 2188390 A1 CA2188390 A1 CA 2188390A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- power
- electrical
- heating elements
- real time
- total wattage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
- H05B1/0258—For cooking
- H05B1/0261—For cooking of food
- H05B1/0266—Cooktops
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
- H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
- H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/242—Home appliances
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrical cooking appliance including a plurality of electrical heating elements having a known maximum total wattage and an electrical power distribution apparatus receiving electrical power from an electrical power source and distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with an established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the known maximum total wattage.
Description
W095/29572 2 1 88 3 qO pCI/US95/04748 ELECTRICAL COOKING APPARATUS
The present invention relates to electrical cooking appliances generally and more particularly to electrical stoves and stove tops and the operation there-~of.
A great variety of electrical cooking appli-ances is known in the patent literature. Various arrange-ments for allocating electrical power to various heating elements in such appliances are shown in the following U.S. Patents: 3,610,886; 4,371,780;,4,482,800; 4,493,979;
4,527,049; 4,538,051; 4,634,843; 4,758,710; 4,810,857;
4,918,291; 4,948,949; 5,171,973; 5,183,996 and ~,270,519.
The present invention seeks to provide a multi-element electrical cooking appliance which is suitable for domestic applications wherein limited electrical power is available.
There is thus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention an electri-cal cooking appliance including a plurality of electrical heating elements having a known maximum total wattage and electrical power distribution apparatus receiving elec-trical power from an electrical power source and distrib-uting power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with an established prior-- - -Woss~ss72 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 pCT~S95104748 ity when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the known maximllm total wattage.
Preferably the distribution-apparatus is re-sponsive both to real time inputs from an operator who selects which of the electrical heating elements are to be energized and desired heating levels for each and to the established priority which indicates the allocation of available electrical power in accordance with the real time inputs from the operator~
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the real time inputs determine a real time total wattage which is less than or equal to the known ~ximllm total wattage and wherein the distribu-tion apparatus is operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating ele-ments in accordance with the established priority when --the electrical power available for distribution is less --than the real time total wattage.
The established priority may be predetermined, fixed or selectable and changeable by the user.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, when sufficient electrical power is avail-able for heating all of the elements selected by the user to the indicated heating levels, full power is provided to such elements.
Preferably, the distribution apparatus is responsive additionally to the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least par-tially determine an operative condition responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to the known ~x;
total wattage and wherein the distribution apparatus is operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance w09s~9572 2 1 88~0 pCT~S95104748 with the established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less $han the operative condition responsive total wattage.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodi-ment of the present invention, the real time inputs and the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least partially determine an opera-tive condition and real time input responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to the known ~ximi total wattage and wherein the distribution apparatus is~
operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with the established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the operative condition and real time input responsive total wattage.
The present invention also includes a method of-operating an appliance employing the inventive features --summarized hereinabove.
The term "operative condition" is defined herein in a broad sense to include, for example, the temperature of the electrical heating element, the power dissipated by the electrical heating element, the power drawn by the electrical heating element, the current and/or voltage supplied thereto and the electrical re-sistance presented by the electrical heating element.
Reference to "temperature" is to be understood in a broader than usual sense so as to refer broadly to sensing in any suitable manner of the temperature of the electrical heating elements or other parts of the cooking appliance in the vicinity thereof. This sensing may be carried out, for example, by the use of a thermistor or other temperature sensor, or alternatively by sensing the characteristics of the electrical power drawn by the heating element, its resistance or any other physical characteristic of the heating element. The purpose of causing the power distribution to be respon-Woss/29s72 2 1 &8~90 pCT~S9S/04748 sive to the sensed temperature may be to prevent over-heating of the heating element, its environs, a cooking vessel heated thereby or the content$ thereof, or for any other reason, such as to reduce energy wastage.
The present inventlon will be more fully under-stood and appreciated from the following detailed de-scription, taken in conjunction with the drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a simplified pictorial illustration of cooking apparatus constructed and operative in accord-ance with a preferred embodiment of the present inven-tion; --Fig. 2 is a simplified b;ock diagram illustra-tion of electrical power distribution apparatus useful in the operation of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2; Figs.
4A, 4B and 4C are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given priority and for varying user inputs;
Figs. SA, 5B and SC are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for the same priority as in Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C, taking into account operative conditions;
Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given partial priority and varying user inputs;
Fig. 7 is a simplified illustration of a varia-tion of the apparatus of Fig. 1 wherein heating elements of non-identical power capacity are employed;
woss/29s72 2 1 8 8 ~ q O pCT~S95/04748 Fig. 8 is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Fig. 7;
Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C are --power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Fig. 8 for a given priority and for varying user inputs;
Fig. 10 is a schematic illustration of a pre-ferred embodiment of the circuitry of Fig. 2; and Figs. llA and llB together define a schematic illustration of cooking element operating circuitr~
coupled to each cooking element and to the circuitry of~
Fig. 10.
Appendix A is a HEX dump of the software resi-dent in the circuitry of Fig. 10.
woss/29s72 2 1 88390 PCT~S95104748 Reference is now made to Fig. 1, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of cooking apparatus constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The cooking appara-tus comprises a base 10 which may be mounted on a counter or any other suitable support (not shown). Mounted on~
base 10 are a plurality of electrical heating elements~
12, typically, but not necessarily four in number.
Electrical cooking elements 12 may be any suitable electrical resistance cooking elements, such as are found in conventional electric ranges and range tops.
Alternatively they may be radiation cooking elements, such as those commercially available, inter alia from Sholtes of France. Preferably, but not necessarily, the --electrical cooking elements 12 may be high efficiency cooking elements such as those described and claimed in U.S. Patent 5,221,829 of the present applicants/assignee, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by refer-ence.
A plurality of control assemblies 14 are pro-vided for enabling a user to select the amount of elec-trical power to be supplied to one or more of the cooking elements 12. For convenience, in Fig. 1, the four cooking elements are individually designated as cooking elements A, B, C and D. Control assemblies 14 are likewise designated by the letters-A, B, C and ~ to indicate which control assembly 14 controls which cooking element 12.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in cases when the available elec-tric power is not sufficient, the supply of electrical power to the individual cooking elements is not deter-mined solely by the user's operation of the control assemblies 14, but is also dependent upon a preselected woss~g572 2 1 b 8 3 9 0 PCT~Sg5/047~
priority among the individual cooking elements 12.
This priority is established either at the factory or upon installation of the u~it by employing of a priority select control panel 16. Panel 16 is normally not accessible to the user during normal use of the cooking apparatus. According to an alternative embodi-ment of the present invention, the priority may be se-lected or modified by the user after installation. In such a case, user access to panel 16 is provided.
Electrical power is supplied to the cooking~
apparatus from the electrical mains and preferably from a single phase electrical source via an ordinary line cord 18. Line cord 18 supplies electrical power to power distribution apparatus 20 which is responsive to the user inputs at control assemblies 14 and the priority established at panel 16 to govern the power supply to the individual cooking elements 12. --In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not necessarily, the power distribution apparatus 20 may also be responsive to the sensed operative conditions of the individual cooking elements 12, indicated schematically by sensing apparatus 22 associated with each cooking element 12.
Reference is now made to Fig. 2, which is a simplified block diagram illustration of the electrical power distribution apparatus 20 useful in the apparatus of Fig. 1. The apparatus of Fig. 2 includes a CPU 30 which receives user inputs from control assemblies 14, priority inputs from priority select control panel 16 and optionally receives cooking element operative conditions inputs from sensors 22. The CPU 30, whose operation will be described hereinbelow in greater detail, is operative to provide control inputs to a plurality of relays 32, designated individually A, B, C and D to correspond to the cooking elements 12. The relays 32 receive electrical power from the mains and supply it in a controlled manner wo g~ng572 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 ~CT~S95/047~
to corresponding cooking elements 12.
Reference is now made to Fig. 3 which is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2. The diagram of Fig. 3 indicates that for a particular, non-limiting example, each cooking element is allocated not more than 1500 Watts of electri-cal power at any given time. Thus, if a total of 3000 Watts of electrical power is available to the cooking apparatus of Fig. 1, only two cooking elements receive power at any given instant in time.
Power switching between cooking elements 12 occurs in cycles, each typically having four time seg-ments, during each of which electrical power may be directed to a different cooking element by relays 32. It is appreciated that each cycle may include any desired suitable number of time segments, lesser or greater than four in number. A typical cycle has a duration of a few --seconds. Normally the cycle is divided into at least ten time segments. A lesser number is shown and described herein for the sake of clarity and conciseness.
Reference is now made to Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C, which are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given priority and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are not employed. The example illustrated by Figs. 4A, 4B ~
and 4C is one in which cooking element A has absolute priority over cooking element B, which in turn has abso-lute priority over cooking element C. Cooking element C
has absolute priority over cooking element D. For the purposes of explanation and illustration it is assumed that a total of 3000 Watts of power is available to the cooking apparatus and each cooking element can receive no more than 1500 Watts at any given time.
Fig. 4A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in particular when the user inputs at the control assemblies wog5nss72 PCT~Sg5/04748 14 are as follows:
CONTROL I.D.CONTROL SETTING
A 5.0 B 7.5 C 7.5 D 10.0 A setting of 10.0 corresponds to a full allot-ment of 1500 Watts over an entire cycle, a setting of 5.0 corresponds to a full allotment of 1500 Watts over ha~f of an entire cycle, etc. -It is seen that notwithstanding the limitedavailability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element A receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over two of four of the time segments of each cycle. Similarly, notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, each of cooking elements B and C r~eceives its full re-quested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Due to the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element D does not receive its full requested power allotment, since no power remains available.
The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 4A ~
continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14 and no change in the estab-lished priority.
Referring now to Fig. 4B, it is seen that when there is a change in the user input at the control assem-blies 14, the power distribution changes accordingly.
Here it is seen that cooking element A is turned off by the user. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is now available for allo-cation to cooking element D, which receives one-half of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over 21 88~90 WO 9S/29572 PCI~/US95104748 two of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Referring now to Fig. 4C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the user input at the con-trol assemblies 14, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that cooking element B is also turned off by the user. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element B is now available for redistribution and allocation to cooking element D, which receives all of its full re~uested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over all four of the time~
segments of each cycle. In this case, some of the avail-able electrical power is not used.
It is noted that at no time is more than 3000Watts of electrical power drawn from the mains and that all allocations of power are carried out by time division of the supply of power in quantities of lS00 Watts.
Reference is now made to Figs. SA, SB and SC, --which are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given priority and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are employed. The priority is exactly the same as in the example illustrated in Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C, i.e. cooking element A has absolute priority over cooking element B, which in turn has absolute priority over cooking element C. Cooking element C has absolute priority over cooking ~
element D.
As in the example shown in Figs. 4A - 4C, for the purposes of explanation and illustration it is as-sumed that a total of 3000 Watts of power is available to the cooking apparatus and each cooking element can re-ceive no more than 1500 Watts at any given time.
Fig. 5A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in particular when the user inputs at the control assemblies 14 are as follows:
WO 95/29572 2 ~ 8 8 3 9 0 pCT/US9~i/04748 CONTROL I . D . CONTROL SETTING
A 10.0 B 7.5 C 7.5 D 10.0 It is seen that notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element A receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over ail~
four of the time segments of each cycle. Similarly, notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element B receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Due to the limited availability of electrical --power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element C receives only part of its full request-ed power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle, since no additional power remains available.
Cooking element D does not receive its full requested power allotment, since no power remains avail-able.
- The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 5A
continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14, no change in the estab-lished priority and no effective change in the cooking element-operative conditions inputs.
Referring now to Fig. 5B, it is seen that when there is an effective change in the operative conditions input to CPU 30, the power distribution changes accord-ingly. The term "effective change" is used here to denote the exceedance of a predetermined threshold which causes the CPU 30 to cut down or cut off the power supply to the woss~ss72 2 ~ v ~ 3 9 0 PCT~S95/04748 corresponding coo~ing element.
Here it is seen that when the operative condi-tions of the cooking element A exceed a predetermined threshold resulting in a predetermined cut down of electrical power thereto, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is now available for redis-tribution to cooking element C and D. Cooking element C
now receives all of its full required power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of four of the time segments of each cycle and cooking element D now receives one-~quarter of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Referring now to Fig. 5C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the effective operative conditions input to the CPU 30, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen if the opera- --tive conditions of cooking element A change sufficiently so that full electric power supply thereto is recom-menced, the power that was previously redistributed to cooking elements C and D is now made available once again to cooking element A, in a time distribution which typi-cally is identical to that shown in Fig. 5A, in accord-ance with the predetermined priority.
Reference is now made to Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D, which are power distribution diagrams for the appara-tus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a different priority from that illustrated in Figs. 4A - 5C and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are not employed.
The example illustrated by Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D is one in which cooking element A has priority over cooking element B, which in turn has priority over cook-ing element C. Cooking element C has priority over cook-ing element D. The priorities are not, however, absolute, as in the case illustrated in Figs. 4A - 5C. Rather, wogsngs72 2 1 88~ 0 PCT~s95/04748 notwithstanding the priority, each of the cooking ele-ments is guaranteed availability of a portion of its full power allotment in accordance with the following table:
COOKING ELEMENT % GUARANTEED
A 75%
B 75%
C 25%
D 25%
For the purposes of explanation and illustra-tion it is assumed that a total of 3000 Watts of power is available to the cooking apparatus and each cooking element can receive no more than 1500 Watts at any given time.
Fig. 6A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in --particular when the user inputs atJthe control assemblies 14 are as follows:
CONTROL I.D. CONTROL SETTING
A 10.0 B 10.0 C 0.0 D 0.0 A setting of 10.0 corresponds to a full allot-ment of 1500 Watts over an entire cycle.
It is seen that notwithstanding the established priority, since sufficient power is available to meeting the user inputs, each of cooking elements A and B re-ceives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over all four of the time segments of each cycle.
The power allotment guaranteed to cooking elements C and D but not requested, is thus utilized by cooking elements A and B.
The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 6A
w095/29572 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 PCT~S95/04748 continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14 and no change in the estab-lished priority.
Referring now to Fig. 6B, it is seen that when there is a change in the user input at the control assem-blies 14, the power distribution changes accordingly.
Here it is seen that cooking element C is turned on by the user to a setting 10Ø Accordingly, some of the power that was previously directed to cooking element 'B
is allocated to cooking element C, which receives its guaranteed power allocation, in this case one-quarter of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle. Cooking element B gives up power rather than cooking element A in accordance with the established priority.
Referring now to Fig. 6C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the user input at the con- --trol assemblies 14, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that cooking element D is also turned on by the user to a setting 10Ø According-ly, some of the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is allocated to cooking element D, which receives its guaranteed power allocation, in this case one-quarter of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle. It is seen that in this situation, each cooking element receives its guaranteed allocation.
Referring now to Fig. 6D, it is seen that when there LS yet a further change in the user input at the control assemblies 14, the power distribution once again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that cooking element A is turned off by the user. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is allocated to other cooking elements in accordance with the estab-lished priority. Thus cooking element B receives its full requested allocation, i.e. 1500 Watts over all four Woss~ss72 2 ~ ~8390 pCT~S9S/04748 of the time segments of each cycle and cooking element C
receives most of its requested allocation, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of the four time segments of each cycle.
It is seen that in this situation, each cooking element receives at least its guaranteed allocation to the extent requested.
Reference is now made to Fig. 7, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of part of cooking apparatus constructed and operative in accordance w~th another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The cooking apparatus may be identical to that illustrat-ed in Fig. 1 and described hereinabove, with the sole exception that here, cooking element A has twice the output capacity of each of the remaining cooking elements B, C and D. Thus, if each of cooking elements B, C and D
is arranged to receive up to 1000 Watts at any given time, cooking element A is arranged to receive up to 2000 ~
Watts at any given time.
- Reference is now made to Fig. 8 which is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Fig. 7. The diagram of Fig. 8 indicates that for a particular, non-limiting example, each of cooking ele-ments B, C and D is allocated not more than 1000 Watts of electrical power at any given time and cooking-element A
is allocated not more than 2000 Watts of electrical power at any given time. Thus if only 3000 Watts of electrical power is available at any given time, all of the cooking elements cannot be operated at full capacity at the same time.
Reference is now made to Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C, which are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Fig. 7 for a given priority and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are not empl-oyed. The example illustrated by Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C is one in which cooking element A has absolute priori-ty over cooking element B, which in turn has absolute w09~29572 2 1 ~ 83 9 0 PCT~S95/047~
priority over cooking element C. Cooking element C has absolute priority over cooking element D.
Fig. 9A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in particular when the user inputs at the control assemblies 14 are as follows:
CONTROL I.D. CONTROL S~ G
A 20.0 B 10.0 C 10.0 D 10.0 A setting of 20.0 for cooking element A corre-sponds to a full allotment of 2000 Watts over an entire cycle, and a setting of 10.0 for cooking elements B, C
and D corresponds to a full allotment of 1000 Watts over an entire cycle. --It is seen that notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element A receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 2000 Watts over all four of the time segments of each cycle. Similarly, notwithst~n~ing the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element B receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over all four of the time segments of each cycle.
Due to the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking elements C and D do not receive their full re-quested power allotment, since no power remains avail-able.
The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 9A
continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14 and no change in the estab-lished priority.
woss/29s72 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 PcT~ssslo4748 Referring now to Fig. 9B, it is seen that when there is a change in the user input at the control assem-blies 14, the power distribution c~anges accordingly.
Here it is seen that the power requested by the user at cooking element B is reduced. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element B is now available for allocation to cooking element C, which receives one-half of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over two of four of the time segments ~f each cycle.
Referring now to Fig. 9C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the user input at the con-trol assemblies 14, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that the power requested ~y the user at cooking element A is also reduced. According-ly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is now available for redistribution and alloca- -tion to cooking element C, which nOw receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over all four time segments of each cycle, and to cooking element D
which receives one half of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over two of the four time segments of each cycle.
It is noted that at no time is more than 3000 Watts of electrical power drawn from the mains and that -all allocations of power are carried out by time division of the supply of power.
Reference is now made to Fig. 10 which is a self-explanatory schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of the circuitry of Fig. 2. The circuitry of Fig. 10 includes a microprocessor 90, preferabiy a Moto-rola MC 68705R5. A HEX dump in Motorola S Record Format of a preferred embodiment of the operating software resident in the microprocessor 90 is incorporated herein in Appendix A. The circuitry of Fig. 10 and the software employed therein includes the provision of an optional WO 95/29572 2 1 8 83 9 0 PCI/U~ 1748 timer function which enables automatic turning off of a cooking element after a preset time.
Reference is now made to Figs. llA and llB, which together define a self-explanatory schematic illus-tration of a preferred embodiment of cooking element operating circuitry which is coupled to each cooking element and to the circuitry of Fig. 10, as indicated thereon.
It is to be appreciated that systems combini~g features from the various embodiments illustrated an described herein are also within the scope of the inven-tion.
It will be appreciated that the present inven-tion is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims which follow:
WO 95129572 2 1 ~ 8 3 9 0 pCTlUS95/04748 Appendix A
S1230120A1422604A624B7008642A1435601~6308700B642A1442604A619B700B642A1453F
S12301402604A612B700B642A1o~601~603B700B642A1472604A678B7008642A14~69~1 S12301603FOOB642A1492604A618B700B642A~Q~'501t~GFrB70081011219B612AA70871201 S1230130BE10E614A10926046F142007BE10E6144CE714B610A105~1;09g~t614AlOf~6Q~OR
S12301A06F1481B743/~15C)~7090~0q3~3F20023F3FB63FA1FA260C3F3F3~,~3FR~3FA10893 S12301~0~6q~f3E81A601B7443F10B610A10~03~ AA6~ 0-2~t10E614B7~53D10D9 S12301F~608B639A10126023F45~610A1042~0ÇR6~R~101~6068F10E61FB745B61~r~ 7 S1~Q~ 2AB61qA~tFr~6083~q~704B63A27021C~5B610A10424124D260~L3n39~f~Q~F~7 S1~0~01058A6d~t~2tA608t~ 2024B610A104241E975~5~2~t6-2~ D~/12B6~AD3 S1230240B72D3F2C4D2A034Ah/~C~04A64AB7453D3F270CB610A105~60~63r~A40B74s6C
S123028036B736B636B13~ 0~B644B436B812B712B636B737B603A450275EB613B44427C9 S12302A0583F3BA601 B7~0A62CB741 B644A8FFB413B7130D0305CD01 J l~n~H63F~4012667 S1~:30~FOZ~07BE10E6144CE7143D1Q~60CR639~ 083F14B612A40EB712053EOCB612B444B2 Sl2303002604BE106F14:'0~RB610A4042618BElOE614260AB6~4A8FFB412B71ZO06B61254 S1~:~03~0BA4~B712200AB612B4442604BE106F14B612A401~f;06P612A40FB71~R60-'3A45003 S12303q~f ;06B6138A44B713A60AB746B6463A4~i26~3C103844CC01CB813f10B610A1 B0 S1~?~o36oo~4o97s8Ffi5l-H~t6~t~ BA~c 2~t1058Ff;~FA001E72F24026A2E3D10FD
S1~0380~51DBE1058F~ H~ t651-~2l~A1RQ~60FR~t,`A10~608B612A40EB7123F143CF4 S12303A01020BA09120~.3C3A~OQ~3F38R638A13~3F383D1A261EA609B71A3D192612EC
S12303COA605B7193D1826063F193F1A20023A18~00~A19~0C'~1AB61~0FR619260AOA
S1~303FOR6182606B612A41026043F392004A601B739813F47B603B7 .93D5R~65nA609B715 S12301QO:~R3F10B610A103224997E61BE027E71FBE1061F2A026F1FB63EA~O~ÇOCB63D98 S1230420B110~?~06PF10E614E71FB63E/~0~50C3D1Q~508E~639~704BE106F1FBE10F6~36C
S1230440E727BE10E614E723BE10E614E71B3C1020B1B63CB73DA6~ 3~3A~RR63t`A1FF5c S1~0150~714A601BE3C2704485A26FCB40327068F3~F~i34B63CA880A1832506A60459 S1230480873C~Q~6R63C4CB710B610A103æ1BA604873C3D10260~3D39:~60BBF10t623;~BA
S12304A0059FB73C20043C1020DFB63CA10~03g~6~:X3863DA1FF271AB63cB13D2714A6B8 S12304C001BE3D2704485A26FCB4032706RF3~F~2634B63DA880A1832506A604B73D20BF
S12304F0~63~4CB710B610A103Z1BA604B73D3D10260~3n39~60BBEloE62727o59FB7oc S12305003~0043C1020DFB63DA10~03g~6A27B601B748A4FOB748B63CA104270FA60185 S1~0~0RF~C2704485A26FCBA4BB748R63nA104270EA601BE3D2704485A26FCBA48B7486E
S1230560B74A3F393F4B3F413F403F10B610A106æ17976F14B610A403B74C976F1FBE4CC7 S1~30580586F2E6F2F3C1020E33D4B2610A696B74B863A27043F3A2004A601B73AB640BA79 S1Z'305Co~C:~11CD03F33D4A2607A66FB7 1~nO35~A11B641A001B74124023A403A4A3A32 S11DosEo4BCD01C520A380AE107FSCA37F26FM60~B~3CA607B73DCC054SA9 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26j
The present invention relates to electrical cooking appliances generally and more particularly to electrical stoves and stove tops and the operation there-~of.
A great variety of electrical cooking appli-ances is known in the patent literature. Various arrange-ments for allocating electrical power to various heating elements in such appliances are shown in the following U.S. Patents: 3,610,886; 4,371,780;,4,482,800; 4,493,979;
4,527,049; 4,538,051; 4,634,843; 4,758,710; 4,810,857;
4,918,291; 4,948,949; 5,171,973; 5,183,996 and ~,270,519.
The present invention seeks to provide a multi-element electrical cooking appliance which is suitable for domestic applications wherein limited electrical power is available.
There is thus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention an electri-cal cooking appliance including a plurality of electrical heating elements having a known maximum total wattage and electrical power distribution apparatus receiving elec-trical power from an electrical power source and distrib-uting power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with an established prior-- - -Woss~ss72 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 pCT~S95104748 ity when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the known maximllm total wattage.
Preferably the distribution-apparatus is re-sponsive both to real time inputs from an operator who selects which of the electrical heating elements are to be energized and desired heating levels for each and to the established priority which indicates the allocation of available electrical power in accordance with the real time inputs from the operator~
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the real time inputs determine a real time total wattage which is less than or equal to the known ~ximllm total wattage and wherein the distribu-tion apparatus is operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating ele-ments in accordance with the established priority when --the electrical power available for distribution is less --than the real time total wattage.
The established priority may be predetermined, fixed or selectable and changeable by the user.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, when sufficient electrical power is avail-able for heating all of the elements selected by the user to the indicated heating levels, full power is provided to such elements.
Preferably, the distribution apparatus is responsive additionally to the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least par-tially determine an operative condition responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to the known ~x;
total wattage and wherein the distribution apparatus is operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance w09s~9572 2 1 88~0 pCT~S95104748 with the established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less $han the operative condition responsive total wattage.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodi-ment of the present invention, the real time inputs and the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least partially determine an opera-tive condition and real time input responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to the known ~ximi total wattage and wherein the distribution apparatus is~
operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with the established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the operative condition and real time input responsive total wattage.
The present invention also includes a method of-operating an appliance employing the inventive features --summarized hereinabove.
The term "operative condition" is defined herein in a broad sense to include, for example, the temperature of the electrical heating element, the power dissipated by the electrical heating element, the power drawn by the electrical heating element, the current and/or voltage supplied thereto and the electrical re-sistance presented by the electrical heating element.
Reference to "temperature" is to be understood in a broader than usual sense so as to refer broadly to sensing in any suitable manner of the temperature of the electrical heating elements or other parts of the cooking appliance in the vicinity thereof. This sensing may be carried out, for example, by the use of a thermistor or other temperature sensor, or alternatively by sensing the characteristics of the electrical power drawn by the heating element, its resistance or any other physical characteristic of the heating element. The purpose of causing the power distribution to be respon-Woss/29s72 2 1 &8~90 pCT~S9S/04748 sive to the sensed temperature may be to prevent over-heating of the heating element, its environs, a cooking vessel heated thereby or the content$ thereof, or for any other reason, such as to reduce energy wastage.
The present inventlon will be more fully under-stood and appreciated from the following detailed de-scription, taken in conjunction with the drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a simplified pictorial illustration of cooking apparatus constructed and operative in accord-ance with a preferred embodiment of the present inven-tion; --Fig. 2 is a simplified b;ock diagram illustra-tion of electrical power distribution apparatus useful in the operation of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2; Figs.
4A, 4B and 4C are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given priority and for varying user inputs;
Figs. SA, 5B and SC are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for the same priority as in Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C, taking into account operative conditions;
Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given partial priority and varying user inputs;
Fig. 7 is a simplified illustration of a varia-tion of the apparatus of Fig. 1 wherein heating elements of non-identical power capacity are employed;
woss/29s72 2 1 8 8 ~ q O pCT~S95/04748 Fig. 8 is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Fig. 7;
Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C are --power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Fig. 8 for a given priority and for varying user inputs;
Fig. 10 is a schematic illustration of a pre-ferred embodiment of the circuitry of Fig. 2; and Figs. llA and llB together define a schematic illustration of cooking element operating circuitr~
coupled to each cooking element and to the circuitry of~
Fig. 10.
Appendix A is a HEX dump of the software resi-dent in the circuitry of Fig. 10.
woss/29s72 2 1 88390 PCT~S95104748 Reference is now made to Fig. 1, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of cooking apparatus constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The cooking appara-tus comprises a base 10 which may be mounted on a counter or any other suitable support (not shown). Mounted on~
base 10 are a plurality of electrical heating elements~
12, typically, but not necessarily four in number.
Electrical cooking elements 12 may be any suitable electrical resistance cooking elements, such as are found in conventional electric ranges and range tops.
Alternatively they may be radiation cooking elements, such as those commercially available, inter alia from Sholtes of France. Preferably, but not necessarily, the --electrical cooking elements 12 may be high efficiency cooking elements such as those described and claimed in U.S. Patent 5,221,829 of the present applicants/assignee, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by refer-ence.
A plurality of control assemblies 14 are pro-vided for enabling a user to select the amount of elec-trical power to be supplied to one or more of the cooking elements 12. For convenience, in Fig. 1, the four cooking elements are individually designated as cooking elements A, B, C and D. Control assemblies 14 are likewise designated by the letters-A, B, C and ~ to indicate which control assembly 14 controls which cooking element 12.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in cases when the available elec-tric power is not sufficient, the supply of electrical power to the individual cooking elements is not deter-mined solely by the user's operation of the control assemblies 14, but is also dependent upon a preselected woss~g572 2 1 b 8 3 9 0 PCT~Sg5/047~
priority among the individual cooking elements 12.
This priority is established either at the factory or upon installation of the u~it by employing of a priority select control panel 16. Panel 16 is normally not accessible to the user during normal use of the cooking apparatus. According to an alternative embodi-ment of the present invention, the priority may be se-lected or modified by the user after installation. In such a case, user access to panel 16 is provided.
Electrical power is supplied to the cooking~
apparatus from the electrical mains and preferably from a single phase electrical source via an ordinary line cord 18. Line cord 18 supplies electrical power to power distribution apparatus 20 which is responsive to the user inputs at control assemblies 14 and the priority established at panel 16 to govern the power supply to the individual cooking elements 12. --In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not necessarily, the power distribution apparatus 20 may also be responsive to the sensed operative conditions of the individual cooking elements 12, indicated schematically by sensing apparatus 22 associated with each cooking element 12.
Reference is now made to Fig. 2, which is a simplified block diagram illustration of the electrical power distribution apparatus 20 useful in the apparatus of Fig. 1. The apparatus of Fig. 2 includes a CPU 30 which receives user inputs from control assemblies 14, priority inputs from priority select control panel 16 and optionally receives cooking element operative conditions inputs from sensors 22. The CPU 30, whose operation will be described hereinbelow in greater detail, is operative to provide control inputs to a plurality of relays 32, designated individually A, B, C and D to correspond to the cooking elements 12. The relays 32 receive electrical power from the mains and supply it in a controlled manner wo g~ng572 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 ~CT~S95/047~
to corresponding cooking elements 12.
Reference is now made to Fig. 3 which is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2. The diagram of Fig. 3 indicates that for a particular, non-limiting example, each cooking element is allocated not more than 1500 Watts of electri-cal power at any given time. Thus, if a total of 3000 Watts of electrical power is available to the cooking apparatus of Fig. 1, only two cooking elements receive power at any given instant in time.
Power switching between cooking elements 12 occurs in cycles, each typically having four time seg-ments, during each of which electrical power may be directed to a different cooking element by relays 32. It is appreciated that each cycle may include any desired suitable number of time segments, lesser or greater than four in number. A typical cycle has a duration of a few --seconds. Normally the cycle is divided into at least ten time segments. A lesser number is shown and described herein for the sake of clarity and conciseness.
Reference is now made to Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C, which are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given priority and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are not employed. The example illustrated by Figs. 4A, 4B ~
and 4C is one in which cooking element A has absolute priority over cooking element B, which in turn has abso-lute priority over cooking element C. Cooking element C
has absolute priority over cooking element D. For the purposes of explanation and illustration it is assumed that a total of 3000 Watts of power is available to the cooking apparatus and each cooking element can receive no more than 1500 Watts at any given time.
Fig. 4A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in particular when the user inputs at the control assemblies wog5nss72 PCT~Sg5/04748 14 are as follows:
CONTROL I.D.CONTROL SETTING
A 5.0 B 7.5 C 7.5 D 10.0 A setting of 10.0 corresponds to a full allot-ment of 1500 Watts over an entire cycle, a setting of 5.0 corresponds to a full allotment of 1500 Watts over ha~f of an entire cycle, etc. -It is seen that notwithstanding the limitedavailability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element A receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over two of four of the time segments of each cycle. Similarly, notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, each of cooking elements B and C r~eceives its full re-quested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Due to the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element D does not receive its full requested power allotment, since no power remains available.
The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 4A ~
continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14 and no change in the estab-lished priority.
Referring now to Fig. 4B, it is seen that when there is a change in the user input at the control assem-blies 14, the power distribution changes accordingly.
Here it is seen that cooking element A is turned off by the user. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is now available for allo-cation to cooking element D, which receives one-half of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over 21 88~90 WO 9S/29572 PCI~/US95104748 two of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Referring now to Fig. 4C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the user input at the con-trol assemblies 14, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that cooking element B is also turned off by the user. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element B is now available for redistribution and allocation to cooking element D, which receives all of its full re~uested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over all four of the time~
segments of each cycle. In this case, some of the avail-able electrical power is not used.
It is noted that at no time is more than 3000Watts of electrical power drawn from the mains and that all allocations of power are carried out by time division of the supply of power in quantities of lS00 Watts.
Reference is now made to Figs. SA, SB and SC, --which are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a given priority and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are employed. The priority is exactly the same as in the example illustrated in Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C, i.e. cooking element A has absolute priority over cooking element B, which in turn has absolute priority over cooking element C. Cooking element C has absolute priority over cooking ~
element D.
As in the example shown in Figs. 4A - 4C, for the purposes of explanation and illustration it is as-sumed that a total of 3000 Watts of power is available to the cooking apparatus and each cooking element can re-ceive no more than 1500 Watts at any given time.
Fig. 5A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in particular when the user inputs at the control assemblies 14 are as follows:
WO 95/29572 2 ~ 8 8 3 9 0 pCT/US9~i/04748 CONTROL I . D . CONTROL SETTING
A 10.0 B 7.5 C 7.5 D 10.0 It is seen that notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element A receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over ail~
four of the time segments of each cycle. Similarly, notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element B receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Due to the limited availability of electrical --power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element C receives only part of its full request-ed power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle, since no additional power remains available.
Cooking element D does not receive its full requested power allotment, since no power remains avail-able.
- The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 5A
continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14, no change in the estab-lished priority and no effective change in the cooking element-operative conditions inputs.
Referring now to Fig. 5B, it is seen that when there is an effective change in the operative conditions input to CPU 30, the power distribution changes accord-ingly. The term "effective change" is used here to denote the exceedance of a predetermined threshold which causes the CPU 30 to cut down or cut off the power supply to the woss~ss72 2 ~ v ~ 3 9 0 PCT~S95/04748 corresponding coo~ing element.
Here it is seen that when the operative condi-tions of the cooking element A exceed a predetermined threshold resulting in a predetermined cut down of electrical power thereto, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is now available for redis-tribution to cooking element C and D. Cooking element C
now receives all of its full required power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of four of the time segments of each cycle and cooking element D now receives one-~quarter of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle.
Referring now to Fig. 5C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the effective operative conditions input to the CPU 30, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen if the opera- --tive conditions of cooking element A change sufficiently so that full electric power supply thereto is recom-menced, the power that was previously redistributed to cooking elements C and D is now made available once again to cooking element A, in a time distribution which typi-cally is identical to that shown in Fig. 5A, in accord-ance with the predetermined priority.
Reference is now made to Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D, which are power distribution diagrams for the appara-tus of Figs. 1 and 2 for a different priority from that illustrated in Figs. 4A - 5C and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are not employed.
The example illustrated by Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D is one in which cooking element A has priority over cooking element B, which in turn has priority over cook-ing element C. Cooking element C has priority over cook-ing element D. The priorities are not, however, absolute, as in the case illustrated in Figs. 4A - 5C. Rather, wogsngs72 2 1 88~ 0 PCT~s95/04748 notwithstanding the priority, each of the cooking ele-ments is guaranteed availability of a portion of its full power allotment in accordance with the following table:
COOKING ELEMENT % GUARANTEED
A 75%
B 75%
C 25%
D 25%
For the purposes of explanation and illustra-tion it is assumed that a total of 3000 Watts of power is available to the cooking apparatus and each cooking element can receive no more than 1500 Watts at any given time.
Fig. 6A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in --particular when the user inputs atJthe control assemblies 14 are as follows:
CONTROL I.D. CONTROL SETTING
A 10.0 B 10.0 C 0.0 D 0.0 A setting of 10.0 corresponds to a full allot-ment of 1500 Watts over an entire cycle.
It is seen that notwithstanding the established priority, since sufficient power is available to meeting the user inputs, each of cooking elements A and B re-ceives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over all four of the time segments of each cycle.
The power allotment guaranteed to cooking elements C and D but not requested, is thus utilized by cooking elements A and B.
The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 6A
w095/29572 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 PCT~S95/04748 continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14 and no change in the estab-lished priority.
Referring now to Fig. 6B, it is seen that when there is a change in the user input at the control assem-blies 14, the power distribution changes accordingly.
Here it is seen that cooking element C is turned on by the user to a setting 10Ø Accordingly, some of the power that was previously directed to cooking element 'B
is allocated to cooking element C, which receives its guaranteed power allocation, in this case one-quarter of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle. Cooking element B gives up power rather than cooking element A in accordance with the established priority.
Referring now to Fig. 6C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the user input at the con- --trol assemblies 14, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that cooking element D is also turned on by the user to a setting 10Ø According-ly, some of the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is allocated to cooking element D, which receives its guaranteed power allocation, in this case one-quarter of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1500 Watts over one of four of the time segments of each cycle. It is seen that in this situation, each cooking element receives its guaranteed allocation.
Referring now to Fig. 6D, it is seen that when there LS yet a further change in the user input at the control assemblies 14, the power distribution once again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that cooking element A is turned off by the user. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is allocated to other cooking elements in accordance with the estab-lished priority. Thus cooking element B receives its full requested allocation, i.e. 1500 Watts over all four Woss~ss72 2 ~ ~8390 pCT~S9S/04748 of the time segments of each cycle and cooking element C
receives most of its requested allocation, i.e. 1500 Watts over three of the four time segments of each cycle.
It is seen that in this situation, each cooking element receives at least its guaranteed allocation to the extent requested.
Reference is now made to Fig. 7, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of part of cooking apparatus constructed and operative in accordance w~th another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The cooking apparatus may be identical to that illustrat-ed in Fig. 1 and described hereinabove, with the sole exception that here, cooking element A has twice the output capacity of each of the remaining cooking elements B, C and D. Thus, if each of cooking elements B, C and D
is arranged to receive up to 1000 Watts at any given time, cooking element A is arranged to receive up to 2000 ~
Watts at any given time.
- Reference is now made to Fig. 8 which is a simplified power distribution diagram for the apparatus of Fig. 7. The diagram of Fig. 8 indicates that for a particular, non-limiting example, each of cooking ele-ments B, C and D is allocated not more than 1000 Watts of electrical power at any given time and cooking-element A
is allocated not more than 2000 Watts of electrical power at any given time. Thus if only 3000 Watts of electrical power is available at any given time, all of the cooking elements cannot be operated at full capacity at the same time.
Reference is now made to Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C, which are power distribution diagrams for the apparatus of Fig. 7 for a given priority and for varying user inputs and when operative conditions sensing inputs are not empl-oyed. The example illustrated by Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C is one in which cooking element A has absolute priori-ty over cooking element B, which in turn has absolute w09~29572 2 1 ~ 83 9 0 PCT~S95/047~
priority over cooking element C. Cooking element C has absolute priority over cooking element D.
Fig. 9A illustrates operation of the power distribution apparatus 20 in general and of CPU 30 in particular when the user inputs at the control assemblies 14 are as follows:
CONTROL I.D. CONTROL S~ G
A 20.0 B 10.0 C 10.0 D 10.0 A setting of 20.0 for cooking element A corre-sponds to a full allotment of 2000 Watts over an entire cycle, and a setting of 10.0 for cooking elements B, C
and D corresponds to a full allotment of 1000 Watts over an entire cycle. --It is seen that notwithstanding the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element A receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 2000 Watts over all four of the time segments of each cycle. Similarly, notwithst~n~ing the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking element B receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over all four of the time segments of each cycle.
Due to the limited availability of electrical power and in accordance with the established priority, cooking elements C and D do not receive their full re-quested power allotment, since no power remains avail-able.
The power allocation illustrated in Fig. 9A
continues so long as there is no change in the user input at the control assemblies 14 and no change in the estab-lished priority.
woss/29s72 2 1 8 8 3 9 0 PcT~ssslo4748 Referring now to Fig. 9B, it is seen that when there is a change in the user input at the control assem-blies 14, the power distribution c~anges accordingly.
Here it is seen that the power requested by the user at cooking element B is reduced. Accordingly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element B is now available for allocation to cooking element C, which receives one-half of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over two of four of the time segments ~f each cycle.
Referring now to Fig. 9C, it is seen that when there is a further change in the user input at the con-trol assemblies 14, the power distribution again changes accordingly. Here it is seen that the power requested ~y the user at cooking element A is also reduced. According-ly, the power that was previously directed to cooking element A is now available for redistribution and alloca- -tion to cooking element C, which nOw receives its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over all four time segments of each cycle, and to cooking element D
which receives one half of its full requested power allotment, i.e. 1000 Watts over two of the four time segments of each cycle.
It is noted that at no time is more than 3000 Watts of electrical power drawn from the mains and that -all allocations of power are carried out by time division of the supply of power.
Reference is now made to Fig. 10 which is a self-explanatory schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of the circuitry of Fig. 2. The circuitry of Fig. 10 includes a microprocessor 90, preferabiy a Moto-rola MC 68705R5. A HEX dump in Motorola S Record Format of a preferred embodiment of the operating software resident in the microprocessor 90 is incorporated herein in Appendix A. The circuitry of Fig. 10 and the software employed therein includes the provision of an optional WO 95/29572 2 1 8 83 9 0 PCI/U~ 1748 timer function which enables automatic turning off of a cooking element after a preset time.
Reference is now made to Figs. llA and llB, which together define a self-explanatory schematic illus-tration of a preferred embodiment of cooking element operating circuitry which is coupled to each cooking element and to the circuitry of Fig. 10, as indicated thereon.
It is to be appreciated that systems combini~g features from the various embodiments illustrated an described herein are also within the scope of the inven-tion.
It will be appreciated that the present inven-tion is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims which follow:
WO 95129572 2 1 ~ 8 3 9 0 pCTlUS95/04748 Appendix A
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Claims (20)
1. An electrical cooking appliance including a plurality of electrical heating elements having a known maximum total wattage and electrical power distribution apparatus receiving electrical power from an electrical power source and distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with an established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the known maximum total wattage.
2. An appliance according to claim 1 and wherein the distribution apparatus is responsive both to real time inputs from an operator who selects which of said electrical heating elements are to be energized and desired heating levels for each and to the established priority which indicates the allocation of available electrical power in accordance with the real time inputs from the operator.
3. An appliance according to claim 2 and wherein said real time inputs determine a real time total wattage which is less than or equal to said known maximum total wattage and wherein said distribution apparatus is opera-tive for distributing power to plural ones of the plural-ity of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than said real time total wattage.
4. An appliance according to any of claims 1 - 3 and wherein said established priority is predetermined.
5. An appliance according to any of claims 1 - 3 and wherein said established priority is fixed.
6. An appliance according to any of claims 1 - 3 and wherein said established priority is selectable and changeable by the user.
7. An appliance according to any of the preceding claims and being operative such that when sufficient electrical power is available for heating all of the elements selected by the user to the indicated heating levels, full power is provided to such elements.
8. An appliance according to any of the preceding claims and wherein said distribution apparatus is respon-sive additionally to the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements.
9. An appliance according to claim 8 and wherein the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least partially determine an opera-tive condition responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to said known maximum total wattage and wherein said distribution apparatus is operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than said operative condition responsive total wattage.
10. An appliance according to claim 2 and claim 8 and wherein the real time inputs and the operative condi-tions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least partially determine an operative condition and real time input responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to said known maximum total wattage and wherein said distribution apparatus is operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distri-bution is less than said operative condition and real time input responsive total wattage.
11. A method of operating an electrical cooking appliance including a plurality of electrical heating elements having a known maximum total wattage comprising the steps of:
defining an established priority for supply of electrical power to individual ones of said plurality of electrical heating elements; and distributing electrical power from an electri-cal power source to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the known maximum total wattage.
defining an established priority for supply of electrical power to individual ones of said plurality of electrical heating elements; and distributing electrical power from an electri-cal power source to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than the known maximum total wattage.
12. A method according to claim 11 and wherein said distributing step is responsive both to real time inputs from an operator who selects which of said electrical heating elements are to be energized and desired heating levels for each and to the established priority which indicates the allocation of available electrical power in accordance with the real time inputs from the operator.
13. A method according to claim 12 and wherein said real time inputs determine a real time total wattage which is less than or equal to said known maximum total wattage and wherein said distributing step includes distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distribution is less than said real time total watt-age.
14. A method according to any of claims 11 - 13 and wherein said established priority is predetermined.
15. A method according to any of claims 11 - 13 and wherein said established priority is fixed.
16. A method according to any of claims 11 - 13 and wherein said established priority is selectable and changeable by the user.
17. A method according to any of the preceding claims 11 - 16 and wherein when sufficient electrical power is available for heating all of the elements se-lected by the user to the indicated heating levels, full power is provided to such elements.
18. A method according to any of the preceding claims 11 - 17 and wherein said distributing step is responsive additionally to the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements.
19. A method according to claim 18 and wherein the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least partially determine an opera-tive condition responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to said known maximum total wattage and wherein said distributing step is operative for distrib-uting power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distri-bution is less than said operative condition responsive total wattage.
20. A method according to claim 12 and claim 18 and wherein the real time inputs and the operative conditions of the plurality of electrical heating elements at least partially determine an operative condition and real time input responsive total wattage which is less than or equal to said known maximum total wattage and wherein said distributing step is operative for distributing power to plural ones of the plurality of electrical heating elements in accordance with said established priority when the electrical power available for distri-bution is less than said operative condition and real time input responsive total wattage.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL109,402 | 1994-04-22 | ||
| IL10940294A IL109402A0 (en) | 1994-04-22 | 1994-04-22 | Electrical cooking apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2188390A1 true CA2188390A1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
Family
ID=11066051
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002188390A Abandoned CA2188390A1 (en) | 1994-04-22 | 1995-04-18 | Electrical cooking apparatus |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2357595A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2188390A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL109402A0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995029572A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4035502A4 (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2023-06-14 | Mamur Teknoloji Sistemleri San. A.S. | A power control method for electric hob |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE59611116D1 (en) * | 1996-09-04 | 2004-11-18 | Siebe Appliance Controls Gmbh | Device for limiting and distributing the electrical power consumed by a stove |
| DE19713315C2 (en) * | 1997-03-29 | 2001-03-01 | Diehl Stiftung & Co | Circuit for assigning power control signals to hotplates |
| DE19824168A1 (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-12-02 | Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | Power distribution circuit for two electrical appliances connected to same power supply |
| DE19900185A1 (en) * | 1999-01-07 | 2000-07-13 | Ego Elektro Geraetebau Gmbh | Method and device for switching consumers of an electrical device |
| DE19905074C1 (en) * | 1999-02-08 | 2000-11-16 | Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh | Electric heating device, in particular PTC heating device for a vehicle |
| NL1015566C2 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-02 | Ferro Tech Bv | Power supply for household electrical appliances and appliances, for cooperation with such a power supply. |
| ITMI20011253A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-12-14 | Whirlpool Co | POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN ELECTRIC COOKING APPLIANCES |
| ITMC20010102A1 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-04-17 | Tecnowind Spa | SYSTEM FOR THE COORDINATED MANAGEMENT OF THE ELECTRIC COOKER HOB. |
| US6670584B1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-12-30 | Kareem I. Azizeh | Spa electric heater system using multiple spa heaters |
| DE102004046758A1 (en) | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-06 | Meiko Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and arrangement for energy-saving operation of dishwashers |
| EP2061131B1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2010-12-29 | Elro (Holding ) AG | Method and device for controlling the distribution of electrical energy for a number of electrical heating devices in a kitchen |
| JP5615277B2 (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2014-10-29 | パナソニック株式会社 | Heating cooker, heating cooker control method and program |
| KR20110099542A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Demand response system |
| DE102011114344B4 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2023-02-09 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Power control device and method for load balancing of a network |
| JP5854904B2 (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2016-02-09 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Induction heating cooker |
| GB2511835A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | Esse Engineering Ltd | Power Switching Device and Method |
| DE102013112145A1 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-07 | Frima International Ag | Cooking appliance and method for controlling a cooking appliance |
| US10024545B2 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2018-07-17 | Whirlpool Corporation | Power management for home appliances |
| CN108352706B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2021-09-14 | 布瑞威利私人有限公司 | Power sharing in an appliance |
| IT201900020937A1 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-12 | Diego Fioranzato | APPLIANCE FOR COOKING FOOD WITH DEVICE FOR READING AND CONTROL OF POWER ABSORPTION AND RELATIVE METHOD OF CONTROL |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4066913A (en) * | 1975-10-07 | 1978-01-03 | Manning Michael L | Electric load distributor |
| US4160153A (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-07-03 | Pako Corporation | Duty cycle shared proportional temperature control |
| US4138607A (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-02-06 | Pako Corporation | Dual priority temperature control |
| US4419666A (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1983-12-06 | Sangamo Weston, Inc. | System for controlling power distribution to customer loads |
| US5422517A (en) * | 1993-05-26 | 1995-06-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Control of electric loads during generator failure in a multi-generator system |
-
1994
- 1994-04-22 IL IL10940294A patent/IL109402A0/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-04-18 CA CA002188390A patent/CA2188390A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-18 AU AU23575/95A patent/AU2357595A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-18 WO PCT/US1995/004748 patent/WO1995029572A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4035502A4 (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2023-06-14 | Mamur Teknoloji Sistemleri San. A.S. | A power control method for electric hob |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1995029572A1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
| AU2357595A (en) | 1995-11-16 |
| IL109402A0 (en) | 1994-07-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |