CA2186964C - Colour system and use as pigments - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a natural color system consisting of several thousand colored powders of mineral origin and materials in or to which pigments have been applied and subsequently subjected to one or more heat and / or irradiation treatments, and the colors cover the entire visible spectrum and offer a huge variety of tones, hues and reflections from white to black and all the colors of the rainbow. The powders of this system are obtained by mechanical, chemical, thermal and / or physical processes and are used alone or in combination. They can in particular be used for coloring materials, and in particular those intended for use in the fields of construction and architecture.

Description

Technical field of invention The present invention relates to new colored powders forming a "system" of natural colors covering the entire spectrum visible and offering a huge variety of hues, tones and reflections from the white to black through all the colors of the rainbow.
The invention also relates to the preparation of these new powders.
The invention finally relates to the use of these new powders as pigments for coloring materials, especially those usable in a decorative to ornamental purpose, and more precisely those usable in construction and architecture.
In the description as well as in the claims which follow, "color system" means a set of natural colors organized logically according to the natural order of the colors of the rainbow sky, starting with white and ending with black. This system includes so-called "flat" colors, ie which, in their pure state, are colorless and reflection, and colors which, in their pure state, can have tones, shades and / or of reflections. This system also includes mixtures of two or more of these colors. From a practical point of view, the colors in question are presented in the form of powders which can be used directly as pigments, or in the form of form of materials in or on which powders have been applied and subsequently subjected to one or more heat treatments and / or one or several irradiations.
History of the invention At the origin of the present invention is an unsuccessful search carried out several years ago by the inventor, Ms. Paulette TOURANGEAU, whose goal at the time was to obtain color pigments

2 very specific for preparing paints of corresponding colors without have to perform mixing. This research has shown that if very many natural minerals or industrial pigments are available in nature or in the market, the range of colors they provide does not cover not by far the entire visible spectrum. So, for example, it doesn't exist practically no blue or green minerals or pigments.
With the help of several public bodies and universities, extensive work was therefore started in order to create new pigments corresponding to the missing colors.
By systematically performing treatment trials more or less prolonged chemical reaction with acids or other reagents and / or subjecting certain minerals to heat treatments or irradiations more or less prolonged with X or gamma rays before or after incorporation from these minerals to the materials to be colored it has been discovered that it is possible to obtain powders or colored materials of practically all shades, of all tones and textures, which together make up a range almost endless natural colors.
A detailed list of all powders and materials colored which could thus have been prepared is given in the attached Table I
in Annex. This Table I, like the other Tables attached, is part integral of this description. In Table I, the powders and colored materials are numbered 1 to 10104 and are classified according to their colors and tones, in the following order: white (including White, ivory and cream), lilac, purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, pink, red, beige, brown, gray and black.
For each powder or material, the color is indicated, the shade or shade obtained, the identification number assigned to this powder or to this material, the name of the mineral used as the starting material and its provenance, color of this mineral in stone form, color of this even mineral in powder form when this has not undergone any treatment, the name of other metals, minerals or compounds, if any used, if applicable the name and composition of the material on or in which the powder (s) have been applied and the process used to obtain the color

3 given.
Some of the powders thus listed are "natural" products, or simple mixtures of "natural" products. By "natural" products, we hear powders obtained without treatment of any kind except a mechanical grinding and possible mixing with one or more others untreated powders. These are therefore products that can be found in the nature as such and which are not "new", or even products obtained by simple mixing of non-new products. All these products not new ones whose identification numbers are given in Table 11 below seal in the appendix, are excluded from the scope of the present invention.
Other powders listed in Table I are not products found in nature, but nonetheless existing products which are described in the literature or available on the market. These others powders whose identification numbers appear in Table III below attached in annex, are also excluded from the scope of the present invention.
Subject and summary of the invention The main object of the present invention is therefore new colored powders usable as pigments, which powders are obtained by treatments) chemical, thermal and / or physical (irradiation) carried out before or after application. The powders thus forming the subject of the invention are listed in e Table I. However excluded from the invention are those whose the numbers are shown in Tables II and III.
Among the colored powders which constitute the first object of the invention, there are several listed in Table I, which are a priori new but less original than the others. These powders whose identification numbers appear in the attached Table IV, not are not excluded from the scope of the invention but are excluded from several of the appended claims.
The invention also relates to the color system consisting of all the colored powders usable as pigments and materials in or to which colored powders have been applied and subsequently subjected to one or more heat treatments and / or one or

4 several irradiations. More precisely, its second object is a system colors consisting of powders usable as pigments and materials pigmented and heat treated and / or irradiated, the colors of which extend over almost the entire visible spectrum. This system is characterized in that it consists of all the powders and colored materials different listed in Table I, except for powders the numbers of which appear in Tables II and III.
The invention further relates to the use as a pigment of each of the colored powders of the above-mentioned color system.
Detailed description of the invention As previously indicated, the subject of the invention is a color system consisting of a set of colored powders of mineral origin obtained by mechanical, thermal, chemical processes and / or physical and of materials in or on which mineral powders have been applied and subsequently subjected to one or more treatments thermal and / or one or more irradiations. This system is everything particularly original since the colors of the powders and materials that make it up cover almost the entire spectrum visible and cover an almost infinite number of shades, tones and reflections.
The nature of each of the powders of the system according to the invention and how this powder can be prepared are fully defined in Table I, as already explained above.
The powders of the color system according to the invention are usable as pigments in many fields. Among these possible uses, the coloring of modern architectural materials is very certainly the most interesting because of the mineral nature of the powders question.
In this regard, it should be noted that the vast majority of pigments or dyes used industrially are of the purely type organic and are generally obtained from petroleum derivatives. The some inorganic pigments used are mainly iron oxides, chromium, cadmium, zinc, molybdenum or titanium, which have been made undergo stabilization treatments, generally thermal.
So, for example, the textile industry or the manufacturers almost exclusively use organic pigments or pigments, in particular, in the first case, because of their power of penetration into

5 the fibers and, in the second case, because of their power to be mixed for thus obtaining a superposition of colors. In the paint industry, we mainly uses inorganic pigments, because of their better resistance to light and the passage of time. In the plastics industry, we use the two: K. The fact remains that the pigments sector organic has been the most explored in the last fifty years. Indeed, in the most areas, organic dyes are used, mainly petroleum derivatives. It follows that a large part of the universe of minerals remained unexplored even today, as colorants or pigments, mainly due to the limited choice of colors offered.
The present invention remedies this shortcoming by providing a complete system of mineral colors usable in all areas although preferably for coloring modern materials architecture.
By "modern architectural materials" is meant the various materials used in the three main areas of development, know:
1) the architecture itself, i.e. the elements of structure of a building or its complements, such as, for example, windows;
2) interior fittings, i.e. the coating of internal walls of a building, its furniture, wallpaper, drapes, etc ...; and 3) the exterior layout, such as the external cladding of a building.
Among the materials thus colored and used on a large scale for the manufacture of structural elements of buildings, mention may be made of first of all concrete, resins, polymers and other materials plastics.
Among the coloring materials linked to interior fittings or exterior, we can cite arborite, ink, paper pulp, glass, the ceramic, metallic fabrics or coatings, especially based

6 aluminum, stainless steel, black or galvanized sheet, copper, brass, etc ...
In the context of the present invention, coloring tests of these various materials with several of the powders listed in Table I
have been carried out. Some of these tests have been carried out on the material already made. Others were in the material, during its manufacture. These testing several of which will be detailed below, have shown that several of the powders obtained can be used as mineral pigments as well as on architectural materials. This dual use of the same pigment in and on a same material is obviously interesting from the economic point of view.
If the use of the powders according to the invention as pigments for the coloring of modern architectural materials is very interesting and promising, it should however be mentioned that the invention is not restricted only to this use. Thus, the powders according to the invention can also be used as pigments in many others areas that do not really affect the planning sector buildings. We can cite for example, the coloring of the paints used for paint lines on highways, where the use of powders according the invention as pigments could not only be used to obtain the desired coloring but also to obtain interesting mechanical characteristics, such as better friction resistance of car tires and therefore less wear and tear on the lines, thereby reducing their need frequent renewal. We can also consider the use powders obtained according to the invention as pigments in plaster, rubber, linoleum, slate, makeup, mosaics for floors, chalks (pastels and cirel, colored pencils, paints artistic, the plasticine, etc ...
As we can appreciate, the range of colored powders according to the invention makes it possible to diversify the use of numerous minerals or else to attribute a use to minerals which have not yet been given any use. This range can thus help unlock certain sectors mining, such as that of asbestos, which, when it is transformed as a pigment as proposed according to the invention, no longer has the appearance of threat it has as fibers that can turn into dust

7 harmful to the lungs. We can also mention molybdenite, of which many mines are abandoned in Quebec, because the roles we had allocated are now obsolete. We can still mention many other minerals that have never been used as dyes or, even, for whatever use.
Prenaration of colored powders according to the invention As clearly shown in Table I, the colored powders according to the invention are obtained using methods known per se, which are used either alone or in combination.
These processes can be:
- purely mechanical (grinding, mixing, ...);
- purely thermal (heating or calcination);
- purely chemical (reaction with acids, ammonia or other reagents);
- purely physical (UV, IR irradiation, y-rays, ...); or - a combination of one or more of the above methods, in any order.
Mechanical process ~ g By "mechanical process" is meant grinding, sieving and the possible mixture of one or more powders.
Powders obtained by a purely mechanical process (simple grinding and possible mixing with one or more other powders) appear in the annexed Table II and are, from a practical point of view, excluded of the appended claims.
By way of nonlimiting examples of implementation of this method, one can refer to the description given in Table I of the products numbered 41, 138, 2463.3, 3215.3 or 6932.
Thermal process The heat treatment process used for the synthesis of several of the powders according to the invention essentially consist in heating or calcining a mineral or a mixture of minerals preselected at a temperature up to 2300 ° F for a period of 30 minutes at

8 hours. This process transforms the color or the color quality of the processed minerals. II multiplies the number of colors we get from of a even mineral. II destroys the impurities in this mineral and increases its resistance to degradation due to micro-fauna or micro-flora 5 possibly present therein. The heat source may be a oven, a direct flame like that of a torch, a laser beam, or any what other means of heating. This process applies to all minerals.
It takes place in ambient air or under an inert atmosphere and can be controlled in time and temperature.
10 From a practical point of view the mineral used can be in the state of powder or stone. It can also be pure or either in the form of a mixture with one or more other minerals or metals. This mineral can be moistened and / or stirred before, during or after treatment, in order to invigorate the color and sometimes even modify it. Cooling can to be fast or slow. The process can also include alternating periods of heat and cooling treatment (see powders 783 and 4245-6 in Table I).
It should be mentioned that the variation in the terms of the heat treatment causes variations in color or color quality "In fact, the number of these variations is endless.
However, a too prolonged heat treatment can cause drying and calcination of the mineral.
It should also be mentioned that in general, all types of minerals have temperature thresholds at which changes occur of color. Between these thresholds only quality changes are made of color. The thresholds vary well depending on the type of mineral.
Ä as non-limiting examples of implementation of this process we can refer to the description given in Table I of powders numbered 144 (conventional heat treatment), 783 (treatment thermal control over time) or 3947 (heat treatment under inert atmosphere).
In the above description, it was made exclusively reference to the direct processing of pre-selected minerals. This same process

9 can however be used successfully after application of said minerals in or on a material to be colored. Once this application is completed, we get a given color or color quality. After heat treatment of said material, we get another color or color quality. So there is transformation of the powder into the material with, as a result, a simultaneous transformation of colors.
This is interesting since the color obtained after heat treatment often differs from that obtained when the same mineral is heat treated under the same conditions, but regardless of the material. This process therefore multiplies the colors that we can get with the same mineral.
The materials in question here are numerous. There are especially polyester resin, cement, metal, porcelain, glass, and stone.
The application methods are extremely variable. The mineral can be applied and heat treated in the material, on it this or sometimes, as in the case of galena with cement, both. The heat treatment is carried out either in ambient air or in atmosphere controlled. This treatment takes place at a variety of temperatures. In some cases, there are one or more points) where the reaction takes place (see notes 758-9 in Table I). The temperature rise and cooling may vary. The heat source may vary.
Ä as non-limiting examples of implementation of this process thermal after application on or in a material, we can refer to the description given in Table I of powders n ° 3507 to 3512 (after application on stone); 5047.1 (after acid treatment and application in polyester resin); 1563.1 (after acid treatment, treatment thermal, ammonia treatment and application in resin polyester); 1573 to 1576 (application on metal); 2466 (application on glass); 1519 (application in cement); etc ...
Chemical process By chemical process is meant the treatment of a mineral and / or of several minerals mixed with other additives, with a reagent, such as strong acid, ammonia, cyanide, ether, etc ...
This process transforms the color or color quality of the mineral. Consequently, it multiplies the number of colors that can be obtained from the same mineral and / or metal. Indeed the proportions of mineral and 5 of reagent make the color or color quality differ (see notes 313 and 392 in Table I).
Treatment with acids can be done in a bath of acid with a single acid or a combination of acids chosen from hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric, phosphoric, tartaric, acetic acids and

10 hydrofluoric. The colors or color qualities of the same mineral vary from one acid to another or from a combination of acids to another. The treatment can be carried out in ambient air and lasts between a immediate withdrawal and several years. The duration of the soaking determines it also, color or color quality (see notes 76, 261, 296, 352a and 487-8 in Table I).
The distribution of the mineral's mass, either horizontally or at the vertical (in column form) in the acid bath, influences the colors obtained with certain minerals (see notes 438, 510, 512 and 516 on the Table I).
Drying may vary and may determine the color (see notes 33, 70, 442 and 484 in Table 1). This drying can be natural or be performed on a hot plate, in an oven, in an oven or on a sand bath. During the drying stage, the temperature can be varied to dry the solution or bring it to the boiling point (see note in Table I), to then remove or maintain it. A heat too much high can calcine or brown some minerals. For other minerals, the color intensifies when the heat is very high.
The type of drying and its methods also generate variations in colors and color qualities. So, for example, the duration drying on a hot plate can determine the color. She can do vary the color or the quality of the color in a positive or negative direction (see notes 481 and 625 on Table I).
Acid treatment therefore transforms the color or quality of

11 deep and lasting mineral color. This treatment allows to get colors not found in natural minerals. II
allows in particular to obtain diversified, unusual and the state pure, i.e. without mixing with other minerals or compounds chemical or metallic. In this regard, it should be noted that the treatment at acid phosphoric made all the treated minerals fluorescent.
From a practical point of view, the mineral preferably but not necessarily reduced to powder or stone, can be treated with the air ambient or controlled atmosphere. The amount of mineral can be chosen just like that of acid, making sure however that the mineral East fully covered. Variations in the proportions of the mineral and the acid will bring variations in color and quality the color. Similarly, variations in the methodology followed (duration of soaking and / or drying; nature of the acid bath (s) used (sl, new or use;
degree of dilution of this bath; use of a single acid or mixture acids; single or successive treatment with the same acid, several acids or even other reagents, such as ammonia, etc.) will cause variations in color or quality color.
The proportions of mineral and acid (s) can therefore vary, from as well as the duration of soaking and the conditions of drying. The different combinations, combined with various conditions, will give colors different. These findings apply to all minerals processed at acid.
As previously indicated, the powders obtained with the combination of a mineral, preheated or not, and an acid or of a combination of acids can be taken up and treated with another reagent, such as ammonia, according to the various methods presented above high.
These powders can also be calcined at various air temperatures.
free or in a controlled atmosphere. When the mineral is calcined before and / or after acid treatment, whether in the open air or under a controlled atmosphere, he may be subject to the conditions mentioned above (see chapter "Thermal process").
Ä as nonlimiting examples of implementation of this process

12 chemical acid treatment, we can refer to the description given in Table I powders numbered 2.5 or 7 (acid treatment only), 1143 or 1357 (acid treatment with heat treatment) or 1122 and 1149 to 1151 (acid treatment, with heat treatments and ammonia).
Instead of one or more acids, we can use other reagents, such as:
- the ether in which the mineral can be soaked for a given time, drying then taking place natural - see, by way of nonlimiting examples, the description given in Table I of powders numbered 66,71 or 3004 (ether treatment only), 5664 (heat treatment then with ether) or 1050.1 (treatment with acid then with ether) -;
- ammonia, where, as with acids, the same variations in treatment conditions give different colors or color qualities - see, as of nonlimiting examples, the description given in the Table I of powders numbered 67, 187 or 4164 (treatment with ammonia alone); 1360 and 9964 (heat and ammonia treatments), ...;
- cyanide - see, as examples, the description given in Table I of powders numbered 1359, 2626 or 4151.
Nhvsi, ue process (irradiation) The irradiation treatment process is applicable to all minerals, whether simple or in the form of a mixture, the exception However, those of the "gem" type, for which treatment trials by irradiation have, it seems, already been carried out in the past. By minerals of "gem" type means those used in jewelry, with the exception of gold and of money. These minerals include corundum, spodumene, beryl, agate, zircon, garnet and tourmaline.

13 This irradiation treatment process which is also applicable in materials including minerals transforms color or the color quality of said minerals. For some minerals, changes in texture, structure (crystallization) or transparency sometimes accompany the change in color or quality of color.
Several possible types of irradiation can be used, including X, gamma, electronic, neutron or laser radiation. Can also successively irradiate the same mineral with a first type of radiation then with a secand type of radiation. As non-limiting examples of such a combination of irradiation, one can refer to the description given on Table I of powders numbered 861 (electronic radiation and gamma), 1097 and 3225 (electron and neutron radiation), 8068 and 10038 (neutron and gamma radiation) and 8538 (radiation electronics and X)., In general, irradiation can be carried out continuously or discontinuous in ambient air or in a controlled atmosphere. The minerals can be irradiated either at normal temperature or hot after suffered heat treatment. The same mineral irradiated at various doses allows obtain a range of colors or color qualities. The reaction of the mineral on irradiation varies from one type of mineral to another. The color of some changes or increases slightly with each increase in applied dose. This process is sometimes accompanied by significant thresholds of modification. Some minerals, originally colorless, are colored irradiation.
a) Gamma radiation Successful trials have been performed at doses ranging from in the range of 0.01 to 600 Mrad.
More specifically, tests were carried out in a calibrator UC-15 at the Canadian Irradiation Center (Armand Frappier Institute) at doses variables that can total up to 600 Mrad. The minerals were contained in glass bottles or in fabric pouches lowered into the calibrator. The irradiation was continuous or not and showed that it is so

14 possible to form ranges of colors or color qualities with a even mineral by exposing it to various dosages of irradiation. This process has changes the color of the mineral through various doses of irradiation.
Other tests were carried out in a Gammacell device ~
220, manufactured by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, with a source of 6360 Curies of cobalt-60. The measurement certificate for this device stated 5.01 x 105 t 2.1% rad per hour.
Ä by way of nonlimiting examples of implementation of this process, reference can be made to the description in Table I of the numbered powders 1013.1; 2361 a; 2996; 3300 to 3304 or 7153 to 7164.
b) Neutronig radiation Again, conclusive tests were carried out in a flow slow thermal neutrons, for about 5 hours in the reactor McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, at 102 neutrons / cm2 / sec. The samples of different minerals were deposited in capsules of individual plastics sent to the reactor.
Other tests have been carried out in a mixed neutron flux and gamma rays in the nuclear reactor of the Institute of Engineering of the École Polytechnique, in Montreal. Samples of the same minerals were deposited in the reactor at 102 neutrons / cmz / sec for varying durations, to form a range of colors or qualities of color. A radiation of 1.667 rad per second was emitted.
As non-limiting examples, reference may be made to the description given in Table I of powders numbered 4668, 5914, 8501 to 8506 and 9554 to 9561.
c) Ra ~ L nnement electroniqge Conclusive tests have been carried out in the Departments of the Montreal General Hospital and Notre Dame Hospital in Montreal, on minerals that were processed either in the form of powders inserted in gelatin capsules, either in the state of stone.
The stones or capsules were placed a short distance from the collimator of a Clinac ° 18 device producing electrons at 18 and 20 MeV.
The total doses applied were of the order of 50,000 to 170,000 rad (at one degree of application from 5 to 500 M, u (monitor unit) per minute.
Again, the color of the minerals tested has evolved as a function of the intensity and the duration of the irradiation.
Ä by way of nonlimiting examples of implementation of this process, 5 reference may be made to the description given in Table I of powders numbered 2995, 3099 to 3102, 8440, 8441 or 9227 and 9228.
d) X-ray radiation Conclusive tests have been carried out at the X-ray diffraction of the Department of Chemistry of the University of Montreal.
10 The equipment used consisted of a brand generator Philips °, operating a copper tube. The conditions of use were standard, i.e.
20 mA current applied for a voltage of 40 kV. Each sample was treated separately for exposure periods of the order of seven days.
Each sample was in a separate sample holder, placed directly

15 at the output of the primary harness of the generator.
Other tests were carried out at Sainte-Justine Hospital in Montreal. Specifically, 139 minerals, resin samples from polyester, transparent and opaque white enamel paint, as well as transparent and opaque white ink samples, all pigmented with minerals, have been irradiated with x-rays using a device therapeutic brand Philips ° 250 kV, operating an X-ray tube in tungsten, usually used for medical purposes, for 4 h at a rhythm of 448 "shots" at 30 second intervals for 1/10 of a second at 100 milliamps and 70 kV at a distance of 40 inches.
Ä by way of nonlimiting examples of implementation of this process, reference can be made to the description given in Table 1 of the powders numbered 3840, 3907 and 8538.
e) Laser radiation Conclusive tests have been carried out in the laboratory of INRS-Energie's Laser-Matter group on an Hyper EX model excimer laser 400 of Lumonics ° brand, whose amplification medium was composed of a gas mixture of krypton and fluorine (KrF). This laser emits radiation Multi-mode coherent UV with a wavelength of 249 nm in the form

16 pulse with a duration of 30 nanoseconds and an energy of about 200 mJ. This laser operated at a repetition rate of 20 Hz.
Two different sources were used. The only differences between the two lasers used for these experiments were at the level of the beam structure and in no way affected the results. In one case, the beam had the shape of a square measuring 2 cm in side at the exit of the laser and had a divergence of about 0.4 Mrad. A focal length lens was used to focus the laser beam on the sample to irradiate. We could thus reach a maximum power density of around 10 ~~ ~ J / cm2. In another case, the beam had the shape of a rectangle measuring 2.3 cm x 0.6 cm and had a divergence less than 0.2 Mrad. A lens with a focal length of 30 cm was used, in order to focus the laser beam on the sample to be irradiated. We could thus achieve a maximum power density of the order of 10 ~~ WJcmz.
The intensity of the radiation reaching the sample could be changed by moving the sample away from or closer to the lens. Energy of the beam was measured using a Scientech ° 365 calorimeter before and after irradiation.
From a practical point of view, the samples tested have been irradiated until a change is observed or until it is damaged.
The exposure time varied from 0.5 min to 35 min; the irradiated surface was of 0.0025 cm2 to 0.7 cm2; laser energy from 0.160 J to 0.245 J; 2.8 W flux x 1 O9 cmz at 1.0 W x 10 ~ cmz and the total energy from 2.2 J to 1300 J.
Ä by way of nonlimiting examples of implementation of this process, one can refer to the description given in Table I of powders numbered 3062, 3395, 3519, 3541, 5906, 5944, 7181-2 and 9941.
f) Treatment r ~ ar irradiation ~~ ré aRolication on or in a mast ria ~
As in the case of the heat treatment process, the irradiation treatment can be used successfully after application of minerals in or on a material to be colored.
When we apply a mineral to or in a material, we does not necessarily produce an interesting color result

17 (e.g. colorless, light cream, light gray or light beige). If we proceed then to one irradiation, you can get a color or quality transformation of color. In most of the cases encountered, an irradiated mineral regardless of the material gives a color or color quality which can be radically different or similar to that obtained when the same mineral is applied in a material, then irradiated later. Moreover, the color or color quality obtained after irradiation differs from material to the other and, moreover, from one type of radiation to another. Implementation of this process therefore makes it possible to transform the color of the minerals after their application in materials, either radically or moderately.
The conditions for implementing this treatment are similar to those previously described. The treated materials can also be heat treated beforehand. Irradiation is carried out in air ambient or in a controlled atmosphere. This process takes place at a variety of doses.
Among the sources of irradiation used are X-rays, gamma and electronic. Other sources of irradiation could also be used.
By way of nonlimiting examples of implementation of this method, one can refer to the description given in Table I of powders numbered 923.2 (after application in PYREX °); 6819.1 (after heat treatment, acid treatment and application in PYREX °);
3064 (after application on cement and heat treatment); 3142 (after application in cement and heat treatment); 657 (after treatment thermal, acid treatment and application in concrete polymer; 511 to 513 (after acid treatment and application in polyester resin);
530-1 (after application in ink); 586 (after application in enamel); etc ...
A ~ application of colored powder according to the invention ~ nn As previously indicated, the powders of the colors according to the invention can be used as pigments in many areas, but especially for coloring modern materials architecture. Many examples of colored materials according to the invention have already been mentioned (see above description of "processes

18 "and" physical processes "). The additional examples that follow illustrate in a nonlimiting manner various possible applications of powders of the system according to the invention.
EXAMPLE 1: application of colored stripes such as ~ gments on ales ig ~ _e Application tests of several colored powders according to the invention were made on several different plastics, including UVEX ~, polystyrene, acrylic and polycarbonate. The powders that have thus, been tried are those numbered 11, 34, 92, 96, 526, 537, 563, 581, 603, 607, 621, 1138, 2207 and 4226 in Table I.
First method of aRl '- ~ t ~ r, r, a) 1 g of each pigment reduced to a powder state has been deposited as a pigment on the surface of a square of each plastic, measuring 1 "by 1".
b) These squares are then placed in rows on a plate asbestos then were heated to the formability temperature of each plastic:
1) UVEX: between 265 ° F and 320 ° F for an average of 292 ° F; he begins to deform at about 177 ° F.
2) Polystyrene: between 365 ° F and 385 ° F for an average of 375 ° F; he begins to deform at 200 ° F and a little higher.
3) Polycarbonate: between 440 ° F and 475 ° F for an average of 457 ° F; he begins to deform at 325 ° F maximum.

19 4) Acrylic: between 260 ° F and 360 ° F for an average of 310 ° F; he begins to warp between 165 ° F and 212 ° f.
c) The mineral pigments deposited have remained in suspension on the surface of plastics. They were then covered with a layer of transparent and catalyzed resin, in order to weld them to plastic to which they were already glued by the heat.
Second method of garlic lication 1 g of colored powder was ground with a transparent resin.
The colored resin thus obtained was then applied in a thin layer and evenly across the four plastics.
Third method of notification Parts of the same four plastics measuring 1 "by 1" have been prepared.
A small amount of colored powder has been deposited on the surface of each room. Methylene chloride was then added.
As this addition takes place, the pigment becomes integrated gradually on the surface of the plastic. Then the pieces were covered with a transparent and catalyzed resin layer to weld the plastic pigment.
These three application methods have proven to be very effective to apply a layer of mineral pigments to the surface of a plastic.
The first method made it possible to create marbling effects at the surface of the plastic, whether transparent or opaque. This shows that it East thus possible to make decorative plastic surfaces, imitating the marble. Not only can we imitate marble, but also the colors of mottling may vary depending on the color of the mineral pigment used.
The second method allowed, depending on the hiding quality of the mineral pigment to obtain a tinted varnish or a hiding paint allowing to cover and thus varnish or paint the surface of the plastic.
The third method, like the first, made it possible to manufacture decorative plastic surfaces, which imitate marble.

This particular application made exclusively on the surface on plastic could therefore have a big impact on the interior design of buildings.
5 EXAMPLE 2: aDnlication of r ~ QUdreQ colored as niaments in I las ia ~ e Almost 1000 different tests for applying mineral pigments in transparent polyester resin were made.
10 The procedure followed during these tests was as follows:
50 cc. polyester resin n ° 2T323 marketed by MIA
CHEMICALS have been used. The selected amount of pigments has been mixed by hand with a small amount of resin and the resulting mixture was integrated to the rest of the resin. The whole was then stirred with a spatula and left to Decant a few minutes. The colored or tinted resin thus obtained has so been transferred to another. container and 2% of the catalyst weight of polymerization were added and mixed with a spatula. After hardening at 100 ° F, the resin part obtained has been demodeled, cut and polite. Color observations were made at this point.

To demonstrate that the pigments according to the invention can be used in the field of design, miniature parts have been manufactured in shape pyramid, rectangular plate and elongated hemisphere. Through these forms, we have seen increasing concentrations of the same pigment ranging from transparent (resin only) to a high concentration.
This distribution principle is interesting because it could very well apply to furniture in car bodies made of resin, boats, etc.
Pigments that have also been tested include natural mineral pigments numbered 11, 34, 96, 526, 537, 607, 621, 1138 and 2207 in Table I and those heat treated numbered 4226 and 4789.
Each of these thirteen pigments was applied in proportions successive 0.12 g, 0.5 g, 0.1 g, which gave three curves of

21 different concentrations of the same color. Natural pigments # 563 and 92 were also tested in successive proportions of 0.18 g, 0.1 2 g and 0.6 g.
The visual effect obtained is one of layers of tones of the same color, similar to the phenomenon of the rainbow.
Other application conditions are possible and may generate varieties of colors at the quality. So the catalyst can be added first to the resin, the mineral powder second, and all mixed while the resin is still liquid, in ambient air or under controlled atmosphere, with or without heat treatment in the oven. Of course, the amount of catalyst may vary.
In general, the tests carried out have shown that the mineral pigments transformed according to the invention apply to the resin transparent polyester.
The color of all processed mineral pigments is invigorated and frequently changes in whole or in part in the quality of color, when applied in transparent polyester resin.
Certain mineral pigments, natural or processed, act as a "dye" in transparent polyester resin. In other words, they "tint" the room, the intensity of which varies according to the degree of concentration of pigment. In this case, the mineral pigments are not opacifying; resin remains translucent, even transparent with a more or less shade accentuated.
Certain other mineral pigments, natural or processed, act as a "dye" in the transparent polyester resin. The color reaches a degree of saturation even with a small amount of it mineral pigment. The quantity required for saturation of the color, depends on each mineral. In general, these mineral pigments are easily opacifiers.
An increasing concentration of certain mineral pigments, natural or processed, gives a resin ranging from transparency to opacity.
Such an increasing concentration of mineral pigments, in general, changes also the color or the quality of the color.

22 Transformation tests by color irradiation or colors of the polyester resin parts thus prepared were also performed. These tests carried out under the conditions given above have shown that all the resin pieces, whether transparent, colorful or tinted, change color under the action of irradiation and only for a same pigment this color changes depending on the type of irradiation used, before or after incorporation into the resin.
On this subject, one can refer to the description given in the Table I of the following materials:
Irradiated pigments Pigments applied in Pigments applied regardless of the resin then irradiated in the resin then resin with gamma rays irradiated with rays electronic 2438 2852-4713 3449 2ggp 8759 904'9 9052 3197 2829/7222 This of course offers enormous possibilities of applications to the decorative and / or industrial level.
EXAMPLE 3: a ~ application of colored powders as I ~ lg ~ nents in cement Application tests of several colored powders according to the invention were carried out in white Portland cement (type 10 CSA / CSA A5).
(a) water cement

23 During these tests, variable quantities of powders according to the invention have been used as pigments. These powders have been mixed in cement diluted with water. Unless otherwise specified, the mixing conditions have been constant. Thus, during the tests, the chosen quantity of pigment a summer mixed with 4.50 g of white Portland cement diluted with 3 cc of water or 27.40 g of cement diluted with 13 cc of water. The grinding of the pigment and the mixing of the mixture was carried out manually. The product thus obtained was then molded into a plastic container and allowed to harden in air ambient.
These tests have shown that all of the mineral pigments that have been tested apply adequately in the cement used to make the concrete, when this cement is diluted with water.
Certain mineral pigments according to the invention gave a cement color: concrete. So, for example:
- 0.50 g of the powder numbered 487 in Table I, added to 4.50 g of cement, allowed to obtain, under the conditions below above, a piece of light turquoise blue cement;
- 1 g of the powder numbered 934 added to 4.50 g of cement made it possible to obtain a very light blue green cement piece; and - 1 g of powder numbered 4060 added to 27.40 g of cement resulted in a very light buff-colored piece of cement.
Other mineral pigments according to the invention have given a concrete cement stain and concrete texture made with this cement complexion.
Thus, the tests carried out have proved that, for example, soapstone gray, which generally gives beige, pink beige or very gray beige tones clear, when used in concrete cement, gives a pearlescent finish like surface of a pearl, to concrete made with this cement. Gray soapstone has therefore the positive effect of giving texture to concrete, even if it only makes it tint without coloring it strongly.
Of course, other mineral pigments could be added so to obtain variations of hues or colors. It is the same with blue asbestos, which in its natural state and applied in white cement gives a pearly texture to it while remaining "light gray and cold". The chrysocole,

24 previously treated with nitric acid, will give a beaded texture to the cement White.
As examples of pearly texture thus obtained, we can refer to the description given in Table I of the materials identified by the numbers 3895 to: 3897; 4758 and 4759; 5093 to 5093.2; 6463; 8545 to 8548, 8638 to 8641; 9405 and 9406; etc ...
As examples of metallic texture obtained, we can refer to the description given in Table I of materials 526 and 1138.
Note that, in general, the colors obtained from mixture of white cement, water and mineral pigment are pastels. The some tests carried out in gray cement gave "tones" rather than colors, with some exceptions. All of this obviously depends on the amount of pigment applied. On this subject, one can refer to the description given in Table I of material 2065 where, with quantities of 1, 2, 3 and 6 g of same pigment applied to the same amount of 4 g of cement in 6 cc of water, the colors obtained were respectively pastel azure blue, azure blue intense, powerful and intense azure blue and green blue.
By increasing the amount of mineral pigment used, therefore intensifies the shade or color obtained. We can even arrive at a change.
It will also be noted that after application in the cement, it may be subjected to irradiation and / or heat treatment, as it has summer explained above, in order to obtain changes in color, shade and / or texture. As non-limiting examples, reference may be made to the description given in Table I of materials numbered 1071 and 3142 (irradiation gamma rays); 414841 to 4150; 7295 to 7297 and 5347 to 5354 (heat treatment); or 4034.1 (irradiation and heat treatment).
It should be mentioned that no "side" effects were noted in the case of irradiation treatment. However, the treatment thermal weakens the cement, which cracks and becomes brittle.
b) cement ~ olyrmere Tests similar to the previous ones were carried out with cement mixed with a polymer composition of the type used for concrete.
This composition consisted of polyester resin for concrete of type C-001 (Fiberglass Canada Inc.), a brand polymerization initiator CADOX ° M-50 (Akzo Chemicals Inc.) and an accelerator based on cobalt to 5 6% marketed by Dussels Campbell Ltd.
During these tests, the pigment was weighed as a powder. The powder was mixed with 6 cc of concrete polymer, 0.18 cc of catalyst and 1.50 mg of cobalt 6%. 4 g of white Portland cement were then added.
10 After manual grinding and mixing, pieces of cement were molded and left to harden in the ambient air.
In general, there is compatibility between the mineral pigments, the cement and concrete polymer. The colors thus obtained are very vivid, even when pigments are used in small quantities. They leave 15 the pastel shades of the majority of the colors obtained by mixing the white cement pigments, diluted with water. There is a liveliness of colors when the cement is mixed with concrete polymer.
As examples of the results thus obtained, one can refer to the year description in Table I of materials numbered 546, 581, 20 1371, 2207, 3147, 3287, 3730, 4285, 8640.
As before, we were able to obtain a variation and even a change in color by increasing the amount of pigments (see description of materials numbered 971 and 972). It was also noted that adding cement can trigger reactions. Some colors stand out

25 well in the polymer but they change on contact with cement, which can soften or turn off the color, giving it a milky or gray tone (see description of the material numbered 973).
It has also been noted that certain pigments, in particular the iron oxides, are naturally siccative when applied in the concrete polymer.
Certain mineral pigments therefore color the diluted cement with concrete polymer. Other pigments tint the diluted cement with polymer for concrete. This depends on the very nature of the pigment or,

26 the amount applied. Finally, other pigments texturize the diluted cement with concrete polymer (see description of materials numbered 367, 8639 and 8640, 9406, etc ...).
Again, the cement can also be subjected to a treatment thermal or irradiation (see description of materials numbered 966, 1218 to 1220, and 2065, all of which have been treated with gamma rays).
EXAMPLE n ° 4: aD Application of a galena powder on and in cement (a) Tests of application of galena to cement have been performed.
During these tests, galena in powder form was deposited on the surface of a piece of wet or dried cement, and then subjected heat treatment. Galena when merged formed a colored glaze decorative, the color of which varies with the chosen treatment temperature.
As examples, one can refer to the description given in Table I of the materials numbered 1516 and 1517, 3063, 3064 (where a radiation treatment was also performed), 6621 and 7810 to 7813.
It should be noted that the galena deposited on the surface of a piece of wet cement, soaks into the cement during drying and its hardening. After the heat treatment, the glaze is not really apparent. To have an obvious and well-articulated glaze, it worth better apply the galena to the cement after it has dried.
From a practical point of view, the color of the glaze varies according to the thickness of the galena powder layer, which is applied to the surface of cement. For example, at the same temperature, if the layer is thin, the glaze can be "yellow" or "orange" and mat; if the layer is thick, the glaze can be "green" and shiny:
The color of the surface glaze varies according to the pigments or chemicals that are incorporated into the mass of cement. What's in the mass influences the color of the surface glaze during processing thermal.

27 (b) Other tests of application of galena no longer on but in the cement were made. These tests have shown that galena not not only colors the cement but also strengthens it making it brittle and brittle by heating.
EXAMPLE n ° 5: ~~, application of colored powder on and in the a) application of a powder of ~ amene amr m .. ~ + .o Galena was ground into a fine powder. An amount of this powder was placed on a piece of glass measuring 1 "x 1 "x 1/8". The whole was placed in a cold oven. The rise in temperature to the desired value was progressive. Similarly, cooling took place slowly in the oven.
The tests thus carried out showed that galena forms a glaze permanently adhering to the glass, and you get different colors and color qualities by varying the temperature to which heat treatment of the same quantity of galena applied to glass (see materials numbered 2466, 3357, 3375, 3376 and 3842 on Table I).
These tests also showed that by combining galena with one or several other natural minerals (e.g. sulfur) or processed, we get of different colors or qualities of colors, to compare with those obtained with a heat treatment of galena alone or of galena combined with a chemical (see materials # 2575, 2703, 3377, 3778 and 3940 sure Table I).
b) application of colored powders cmr ~ m P1 rr ex ~
Pyrex ° test tubes were used for this purpose.
At first, the rounded bottom of the test piece was heated externally using an oxyacetylene torch. Then one determined amount of pigment was sprinkled on this surface, while it was in a state of expansion caused by heat. The pigment adhered to it and was

28 immediately reheated using the torch until the desired effect is achieved. The cooling in the open air was immediate (removal of the torch).
A first test carried out with galena (see material 3834.1 in Table I) made it possible to obtain a matt and translucent glaze.
A second test done with tellurium allowed to obtain a matt, milky and translucent glaze, resembling frost (see material 681.1 in Table I).
A third test was made with molybdenum. This pigment has formed an almost transparent glaze. This molybdenum is a pigment transformed: it had been previously heated from 0 ° F to 1300 ° F
and kept at 1300 ° F for 4 hours (see material no.2998.1 in the Table I).
These three glazes have been irradiated with gamma rays. This has allowed to obtain other colors or qualities of color.
c) application of powders on a glass stick About 150 g of glass paste of the type used by blowers of glasses, which paste is called "sodalime", was picked in the state of fusion in an oven at 2192 ° F on a metal rod. Mineral powder has summer sprinkled on the surface of the glass, or the glass was rolled in powder as the case may be, then the whole was reintroduced into the oven and melted in the flame at 2192 ° F. The "collection" was then detached from the metal rod.
Five mineral powders were tested on the surface sodalime-type glass: tellurium, selenium, galena, sulfur and molybdenite.
Each of these mineral powders reacted differently to the glass surface.
The tellurium formed a permanently adhering glaze. This glaze is translucent, color "light cream (yellow tone)", with mat texture and milky. In this case, a greater amount of pigment accentuates slightly the color and impression of frost (see numbered materials 561.2 and 561.3 in Table I).
The galena has formed an opaque glaze, which is adherent in

29 permanence on sodalime. This glaze is generally "olive green (tone yellow) "and increasing in intensity as the amount of pigment increases. This glaze gives the impression of having an earthy texture, ceramic. Sometimes it is dull, sometimes shiny, depending on the areas (see powders numbered 2399.1; 2452.1 and 2462.1 in Table I).
The molybdenite has formed a glaze, which is adherent in permanence on sodalime. This matt glaze is almost transparent like a film. Before its application, molybdenite had been previously heated to 1300 ° F and maintained at this temperature for 4 hours, this who had made it a "light yellow" pigment. It is this last pigment which was applied to sodalime (see material numbered 3108 in Table I).
Selenium, after its application, gave only a "white glass"
transparent ". The piece of glass, in the molten state, was rolled into the powder selenium. At that time, she was covered in what appears to be a layer of red pigment. However, after reinsertion into the oven, this layer of red pigment has disappeared and the glass has simply become "white"
transparent".
Finally, 1 g of sulfur was applied to 150 g of sodalime. This made it possible to obtain a "very crystalline white" glass.
d) application of poedres in the crystal Extremely satisfactory tests have been carried out in crystal. During these tests, 1 or 2% of mineral powder was incorporated glass paste before blowing. The whole was mixed and melted 2400 ° F. The crystal thus obtained was colored or tinted, but always translucent.
As examples, we can refer to the numbered materials 1,139.1; 1840.1; 2028.1 and 2501.1 in Table I.
e) anclication of t ~ oudres in the white glass Selected quantities of mineral powders were applied in 6.50 g of transparent white glass powder. This glass powder was coarsely ground sintered glass, called "spruce pine batch". Given that the grinding of the glass was more or less adequate, the powder used was of the size of the fatty salt. After mixing, the mass obtained was deposited on a ceramic plate and the whole was heated in an oven of Pyradia ° mark in normal atmosphere up to 1832 ° F. Once that this 5 temperature of 1832 ° F was reached, the oven was turned off and the glass was left in the oven, which has gradually cooled.
This made it possible to give a color to the glass, or to give this one a shade or a texture.
As examples, we can refer to the numbered materials 10 2208.1 or 2960.1; 1514.1 or 4764.1; 1020.1 or 1102.1 (very colors vivid); 2960.1 or 9350.1 (shadesl; 6751.1 or 8152.1 (texturing); and 1576.2 or 2630.1 (variegation).
f) ah, plication of powders in the Pyrrex °
15 By proceeding very similarly to the above, tests have been successfully performed in rather than on Pyrex °.
As examples, we can refer to the numbered materials 923.1; 2730.1 and 9731.1.
20 g) irradiation As in the case of the other materials tested, the color or color quality of a glass in or on which a powder has been applied mineral according to the invention is modified by irradiation.
On this subject, one can refer to the following materials given to 25 non-limiting title with reference to Table I.
Type of radiation Type of glass 2026.1 gamma crystal

30 3834.1 gamma Pyrex °
2960.1 gamma spruce pine batch The color or color quality obtained with a tinted pigment

31 applied to the surface or in the mass of the glass, can also be modified with other types of irradiation (e.g. electronic radiation, neutron, X, etc.). In fact, the color or color quality of the glass may even be modified by irradiation with a crossing of various types of radiation, as was the case for certain stones (see materials numbered 911, 985, 1097, 3225, 3840, 4916, 8068, 8537, 8539, 8698, 8882, 10028 to 10032, 10036, 10038 and 10094 in Table I).
The irradiation conditions may vary. So, for example, the glass could have been heat treated at the time of irradiation, or, again, in a controlled atmosphere.
Glass can also be melted by irradiation with laser radiation. The powerful and sudden thermal shock that the laser produces, could not only make some interesting changes in the color, but also at the level of the material itself of the glass.
Finally, the transformation of color or color quality by irradiation could apply to materials of which one of the components East glass, regardless of its type (e.g. Corningware °).
EXAMPLE 6: Application of colored peppers in a Tests for the application of mineral pigments according to the invention in the pulp of paper were made at the Reed company in Quebec. AT
for this purpose, the pulp used was bleached commercial sulphite pulp (85%
white).
During these tests, the pigment used was reduced to a powder state using a steel pestle and a bronze mortar. A given amount of this powder was added to 5.60 g or 6.70 g of wet paper pulp and up to 500 ml of water has been added. The whole was mixed in a blender industrial and the dough obtained was transformed into a sheet according to the method classic. The sheet thus obtained was dried at room temperature between two blotters held between two metal plates.
All of the tests which have thus been carried out have

32 satisfactory. The mineral powders thus tested indeed made it possible to give interesting colors or color qualities to the paste.

33 Oudre No.Arl ~ lication method Color obtained in Table I
a) Normal staining tests 4818 1 g with 6.70 g light orange paper pulp (500 ml of water / blender mixture /

sheet formation at "British shut machine "/ drying between blotters) 4226 .02 g with 5.60 g of burgundy pink paste very clear paper 4226 .05 g with 5.60 g of burgundy red clear paper paste 4226 .20 g with 5.60 g burgundy red paper paste 4226 .50 g with 5.60 g burgundy red more accented paper paste than the Red Burgundy"

4226 1 g with 5.60 g burgundy red even more paper pulp accentuated b) Color tests 581 1 g with 6.70 g very light cream paper paste c) Texturing tests (pearlescent effect) 367 1 g with 6.70 g of very light pearly gray paper pulp d) Texturing tests ("fibrous" effect) 1 1 1 g with 6.70 g of light gray paper pulp

34 11 3 g with 6.70 g of gray more accentuated paper pulp as the "light gray"
11 8 g with 6.0 g of gray still more accentuated pulp e) Texturicatinn tests (metallic effect) 1138 1 g with 5.60 g of metallic gray paper pulp 1138 3 g with 5.60 g of metallic gray more accentuated pulp This positive result is very interesting for applications potential that result as well in interior design than outside buildings.
So, in the case of interior fittings, powders minerals according to the invention could be used for the manufacture of paper painted or coloring of arborite or formica prepared from paper colored.
This could have interesting repercussions in terms of interior design of buildings (wall panels, kitchen counters, furniture, wall covering, etc.).
In the case of exterior landscaping, the mineral nature and the non-vulnerability to solar rays from most powders according to the invention could also make it possible to use products based on paper colored like arborite, which has never been done so far.

EXAMPLE 7: anolication of colored powders in the enamel paint Mineral powders according to the invention have been tested as 5 pigments in opaque white enamel paint for metal for use domesticated.
For this purpose, predetermined quantities of 0.25 g, 1 g, 1.50 g and 2 g of several mineral powders were successively applied in 1 cc of opaque white paint for metal for domestic use, or 10 transparent white and opaque white paint for car bodywork (Supermax ~ P-875 and P-0021.
The pigments were manually ground with the paint in using a frosted glass knob on a frosted glass plate. The painting was applied with a brush to metal pieces measuring 5 "x 5".
15 These tests were all positive regardless of the powder used, and have shown that use in "normal" amounts of these powders does not affect the adhesion, viscosity or drying speed of the painting.
These tests also showed that certain mineral pigments 20 color opaque white or transparent white enamel paint. Others mineral pigments tint opaque white or white enamel paint transparent. It follows, in a way, a tinted varnish. These same pigments are still clouded, however, by opaque white paint, when used there.
25 Other mineral pigments texturize white enamel paint opaque or transparent white. After application to metal, the color evokes a texture.
No. of powder used White paint White paint o ~ açlue in Table 1- trans arente 105 1 g + 1 cc of paint / 1 g + 1 cc of manual grinding / paint application / grinding by brush = manual dark gray / application metallic (golden reflection with brush - gray dark metallic light 1138 .25 g + 1 cc of paint .25 g + 1 cc of / manual grinding / paint application / grinding with brush = light iron gray manual / application at brush = gray black metallic 2629 1 g + 1 cc of paint 1 g + 1 cc of / manual grinding / paint application / grinding with brush = gray (almost manual / application black) with a brush =
iron gray medium (light reflection blue) 3730 .25 g + 1 cc of .25 g + 1 cc of painting / manual grinding / painting / grinding manual brush application / application = medium orange-brown brush = beige clear (your orang) 4745 .25 g + 1 cc of .25 g + 1 cc of painting / manual grinding / painting / grinding manual brush application / application at = medium rust orange brush = beige orang ros ros 4810 .25 g + 1 cc of .25 ~ + 1 cc of painting / manual grinding / painting / grinding brush application = manual / application orange brown (light tone ros) with a brush =

pink chamois Resistance tests to sunlight have been carried out.
To this end, samples were exposed in a window, at the top of a two-story house, facing south. These samples were glued on cardboard and covered with ordinary glass. The duration of exposure was more than 10 but (from December 3, 1989 to October 15, 1990).

I ~ I de la or dre Pr ~ r ~ aration Color obtained Color obtained of the in the Table au I einture al rs la a ~ ars ex I os on I

~ Ciaration 3649 1 g + 1 tsp salmon beige salmon beige white / opaque clear more accentuated (your manual grinding / orang plus application to pronunciation) brush [after exposure]

3650 1 g + 1 cc beige (orange beige tone orang more opaque white / much more accentuated (tone manual / accent grinding), consi-orang plus application to drastically pronounced) more dark brush [only on [after exposure]

previous]

3651 1 g + 1 cc beige (orange beige tone orang more opaque white / less accentuated), accentuated (tone manual / application less orang orang plus with a brush [as the previous one] pronounces) [after exposure]

3652 1 g + 1 cc beige brown beige brown ple ple opaque white / (light accented orange tone manual grinding / or ros) (orange tone more application to pronunciation) [after exposure brush) 3732 .50 g + 1 cc chamois ros chamois (tone ros opaque white / (light gray tone) purple) a little manual grinding / lighter application to [after exposure brush]

These resistance tests have shown that the color of the majority samples are accentuated when exposed to solar radiation.
This reaction corresponds exactly to that obtained during irradiation of pigments gamma-ray minerals: color increases rather than fades as it does with the majority of pigments currently used.
It therefore appears that the mineral powders according to the invention apply to synthetic enamel paint successfully. Colors applied minerals do not deteriorate over time, even when exposed to sunlight, like cars, at least within a year. On the contrary, they are improving.
This durability should be a major advantage for use as a metallic coating for the exterior design of buildings, also although for interior design or even on metal roofs.
Irradiation tests on parts painted with paint enamel for self-heating with powders according to the invention were carried out.
These pieces were irradiated at the Canada Irradiation Center in the Armand Frappier Institute, in a UC-15 calibrator.
Several samples of the same piece were irradiated successively at various intensities, in order to establish a range of colors or color qualities and try to determine the thresholds of transformation. The different doses applied were: 3, 33; 5; 7.54; 10;
11.31; 15.08; 18.85; 57.4; 102.4; 201.6; 247.6 and 360 Mrad.
N ° of the op udre Preparation and Color obtained N ° 'of material in Table I a ~ lication after irradiation the ARR ~ lication in Table 1 73 1 g + 1 cc medium beige 8613/4521 / 6860 /

transparent white- 7771/9023 rent / manual grinding / application to brush 163 1 g + 1 cc cream 6431/2133/2134 transparent white 2135/2153/2154 / manual grinding 2155/2156/2157 / application to 2158 brush 254 1 g + 1 cc light yellow beige 9060/2259/2260 transparent white / 9846/9061/7737 manual grinding / 9066 application to brush 410 1 g + 1 cc beige cream 664/2142/2143 transparent white / 7524/5652 manual grinding /

brush application So we can transform the color and the color quality of a synthetic enamel paint, transparent white and opaque white, by gamma irradiation. It follows that the color of an object manufactured and painted can be modified by this type of irradiation.
We also note that the color of ~ enamel paint changes according to the degree of irradiation. So you can make a range of colors or qualities of the same color, from the same mineral pigment.
As can be appreciated, the powders colored according to the invention can be used as pigments in numerous fields.
In addition to the applications exemplified above, numerous other testing have been successfully applied to materials as diverse as inks (especially those usable in screen printing), stone, porcelain, ceramic, latex paint, metallic coatings, etc ...
This therefore confirms that the present invention offers a complete system of colors which, by their mineral nature, are all particularly suitable for coloring modern materials architecture.
Of course, various modifications could be made to the color system as well as preparation processes and methods applications that have just been described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined within the claims which follow.

537 1021 2188 4116.1 561.1 1107 2240 4433 563 1,138 2,349 4,738 576 1182 2463.1 .3 5764 581 1193.1 2464.1 .3 5817 603 1278.1 2629 6588 607 1332 2636.1 6845.1 621 1,440 2,834 6,932 624 1,442 2,865 7,353 628 1,447 2,909 7,397 630 1,482 2,929 7,526.1 635 1,484 2,931 7,544 645 1,486 2,933 7,788 649 1,491 2,934 7,790 692 1,564 3,153 7,991.1 717 1569 3215.1 .3 8900 897 1,715 3,445 9,629 919 1,750 3,447 9,890 936 1,854 3,633 958 1858.1 3751

Claims (36)

1. A colored powder usable as a pigment, characterized in that that it is obtained by at least one chemical, thermal or physics performed before or after application in a material to be colored, and what it is chosen from the group consisting of mineral powders different colors listed in Table I, with the exception however of those whose numbers appear in Tables II and III. 2. A colored powder usable as a pigment, characterized in that that it is obtained by at least one chemical, thermal or physics performed before or after application in a material to be colored, and what it is chosen from the group consisting of mineral powders different colors listed in Table I, with the exception however of those whose numbers appear in Tables II, III and IV. 3. A system of colors made up, on the one hand, of powders colored usable as pigments and, on the other hand, pigmented materials and subsequently treated thermally and / or by irradiation, these powders and materials with colors that span almost the entire spectrum visible, said system being characterized in that it consists of all powders and materials of different colors listed in the Table I, with the exception, however, of these powders, the numbers of which appear on the Tables II and III. 4. A system of colors made up of colored powders usable as pigments and, on the other hand, pigmented materials and subsequently treated thermally and / or by irradiation, these powders or materials with colors that span almost the entire spectrum visible, said system being characterized in that it consists of all powders and materials of different colors in Table I, at the exception, however, of powders whose numbers appear on the Tables II, III and IV. 5. The use of a colored powder as defined in the claim 1 as a pigment in a material selected from the group made up of plastics, synthetic resins, inks, the paints, pulp, glass, metallic coatings, concrete and the other heavy construction materials. 6. The use of a colored powder as defined in the claim 2 as a pigment in a material chosen from the group made up of plastics, synthetic resins, inks, the paints, pulp, glass, metallic coatings, concrete and the other heavy construction materials. 7. Method for modifying the color of a material capable of undergoing radiation, said material being chosen from the group consisting of materials plastics, synthetic resins, inks, paints, paper, the stone, glass, metallic coatings, concrete and others heavy materials of construction, characterized in that:
a) a mineral powder in the state is applied to and / or in said material natural or transformed by at least one treatment chosen from the group consisting of heat treatments, chemical treatments and irradiation treatments, chemical treatments being chosen in the group consisting of acid treatments, ammonia, ether, a base and cyanide, the irradiation treatments being chosen from the group consisting of gamma ray treatments, electrons, neutrons, x-rays and lasers;
said mineral powder thus applied being alone or in mixture with a another powder chosen from the group consisting of other minerals, metals selected from chromium, nickel and their mixtures, and the selected salts from sodium and potassium carbonates, titanium dioxide, zirconium, zirconium silicate, MgO, Ca (OH) 2, and SiC and table salt; and b) subjecting said material and the pigment applied to and / or in this at least one irradiation with gamma rays from 5 Mrad to 360 Mrad and / or to electrons from 50,000 rad to 170,000 rad;
the powder and the pigmented material of which the color is modified being chosen among those numbered as follows in Table 1:
1 to 11, 13, 13.1, 14 to 19, 20-1, 22 to 39, 41 to 144, 146 to 166, 167 to 224, 225-6, 227 to 287, 289 to 318, 320 to 366, 366.1, 367 to 394, 395 to 412, 413, 414 at 422, 423, 424-5, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431-2, 433, 434, 435, 436-7, 438, 439 to 475, 475.1 to 508, 509, 510, 511 to 520, 521, 522 to 525, 526, 527-8, 529, 530 to 533, 534, 535-6, 537 to 546, 547 to 550, 551 to 561.1, 562, 563 to 573, 574-5, 576, 577-8, 579 to 585, 586-7, 588 to 591, 592, 593, 594 to 599, 600 to 604, 605, 606 to 608, 609, 610 to 614, 615, 616 to 624, 625-6, 627 to 656, 657, 658, 659, 660 to 663, 664, 665 to 678, 679, 680-1, 682 to 692, 693, 694 to 755.3, 756, 757 to 780, 781-2, 783 to 786, 789, 791 to 816, 817 to 821, 822 to 831, 832, 833 to 859, 860 to 883, 884.1 to 899, 900, 901 to 903, 904, 905 to 912, 912.1 to 923, 924 to 957, 959 to 992, 993 to 1007, 1007.1, 1008-9, 1010 to 8147, 8148, 8149, 8150 to 8152, 8153 to 8155, 8156 to 8207, 8208-9, 8210 to 8226, 8227 to 8231, 8233, 8234 to 8250, 8251 to 8254, 8255 to 8259, 8260 to 8264, 8266 to 8279, 8280 to 8305, 8306, 8307 to 8316, 8317 to 8319, 8320 to 8327, 8328, 8329, 8330, 8331 to 8335, 8337 to 8356, 8357 to 8359, 8360 to 8362, 8367-8, 8369 to 8384, 8386 to 8394, 8395, 8396 to 8406, 8409, 8410 to 8441, 8442-3, 8444 to 8452, 8461 to 8483, 8484, 8485-6, 8487, 8488 to 8519, 8520, 8521 to 8576, 8577, 8578 to 8599, 8600, 8601 to 8612, 8613, 8615 to 8625, 8626, 8627 to 8672, 8673 to 8714, 8715-16, 8717 to 8736, 8737-8, 8739 at 8748, 8749-50; 8751 to 8753, 8754, 8755-6, 8757-8, 8759 to 8772, 8773, 8774 to 8781, 8782, 8783 to 8792, 8793, 8794-5, 8797 to 8827, 8828 to 8835, 8836 to 8839, 8840 to 8914, 8916 to 8919, 8920, 8921 to 8935, 8936, 8937 to 8939, 8940 to 8946, 8947, 8948, 8949 to 8999, 9000, 9001 to 9019, 9020, 9021-2, 9023, 9024 to 9059, 9060-1, 9062 to 9065, 9066, 9067 to 9070, 9071-2, 9073-4, 9075 to 9080, 9082, 9083, 9084, 9085-6, 9087 to 9099, 9100, 9101-2, 9103, 9104 to 9114, 9115-6, 9117 to 9133, 9134-5, 9136 to 9140, 9142-3, 9144 to 9146, 9147 to 9149, 9150-1, 9152 to 9154, 9155-6, 9157-8, 9159 to 9164, 9165 to 9170, 9171 to 9175, 9176 to 9188, 9189, 9190 to 9194, 9195-6, 9207 to 9259, 9261 to 9288, 9289-90, 9291 to 9301, 9302, 9303, 9304, 9305 to 9334, 9335, 9336-7, 9338, 9339 to 9350, 9351 to 9410, 9411, 9412 to 9416, 9417, 9418 to 9427, 9432 to 9464, 9466 to 9470, 9475 to 9501, 9502 to 9506, 9507 to 9530, 9531, 9532 to 9635, 9638 to 9656, 9657 to 9691, 9692 to 9694, 9696 to 9704, 9707 to 9731, 9732 to 9735, 9736, 9737 to 9767, 9768, 9769 to 9806, 9807 to 9811, 9814 to 9840, 9841-2, 9843 to 9845, 9846-7, 9848 to 9866, 9868 to 9914, 9915 to 9918, 9919, 9919.1, 9920, 9921, 9922 to 9950, 9951 to 10020, 10024 to 10104. 8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the material pigmented whose color is modified thus prepared is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table 1:
438, 509, 511 to 520, 522 to 525, 527-8, 530 to 533, 535-6, 547 to 550, 562, 574-5, 577-8, 586-7, 5.92, 594 to 599, 605, 609, 615, 625-6, 657, 659, 664, 679, 693, 756, 781-2, 817 to 821, 832, 900, 904, 1007.1, 1016, 1071, 1123, 1230, 1305, 1331, 1513, 1629-30, 1632-3, 1634, 1645-6, 1731, 1745, 2067-8, 2073, 2120, 2126-7, 2133 to 2135, 2138-9, 2142-3, 2147, 2150 to 2158, 2160-1, 2164, 2179, 2209-10, 2243-4, 2246 to 2248, 2259-60, 2275, 2279, 2285, 2306-7, 2329, 2418, 2612, 2639, 2650, 2702, 2707, 2730, 2735, 2743 to 2746, 2748 to 2750, 2755, 2783, 2801, 2821, 2823, 2825 to 2830, 2833, 2839 to 2841, 2849 to 2851, 2854, 2864, 2880 to 2883, 2889 to 2896, 2902-3, 2905-6, 2917-18, 2970, 2991-2, 3018, 3042 to 3044, 3070-1, 3079-80, 3088-9, 3091-2, 3112 to 3115, 3129a, 3130a, 3131 a, 3132a, 3137-8, 3142, 3170-1, 3173, 3175-6, 31 '78, 3180 to 3184, 3188.1, 3189 to 3192, 3195, 3197, 3200, 3204, 3206-7, 3209 to 3215, 3218-9, 3223-4, 3226, 3229 to 3239, 3277, 3282, 3290 to 3293, 3310, 3383, 3388, 3400, 3408-9, 3417, 3429, 3437, 3449, 3456 to 3473, 3493, 3520, 3532, 3550 to 3557, 3564 to 3567, 3573-4, 3586, 3590 to 3593, 3595-6, 3612, 3660-1, 3689, 3831 to 3833, 3844, 3850, 3856, 3866 to 3868, 3871, 3885-6, 3900, 3950-1, 4208, 4299, 4300, 4521 to 4523, 4580, 4590, 4609, 4667, 4671, 4714, 4847, 4849, 4859, 4871, 4879, 4884-5, 4888, 4895, 4897 to 4902, 4904, 4918, 4923 to 4927, 4934-5, 4938, 4945-6, 4959, 4972 to 4974, 4994, 5007, 5029, 5031 to 5035, 5037, 5041, 5052, 5055 to 5060, 5067, 5072 to 5074, 5083, 5098, 5105, 5108-9, 5134, 5138, 5274, 5307, 5310, 5338 to 5340, 5344, 5358-9, 5398, 5423, 5439-40, 5453 to 5457, 5462, 5467 to 5469, 5491 to 5493, 5496-7, 5500, 5523 to 5527, 5529 to 5531, 5542-3, 5558 to 5562, 5588, 5599 to 5600, 5605, 5620, 5625-6, 5645, 5647-8, 5652, 5659-60, 5670, 5680-1, 5694, 5715, 5762, 5766, 5846, 5858, 5860, 5865, 5870, 5875, 5882-3, 5905, 5910-11, 5913, 5919-20, 5926, 5942, 5995, 5998-9, 6001 to 6004, 6006-7, 6040, 6056, 6058, 6061, 6064, 6298, 6316, 6400, 6406-7, 6413, 6431, 6435-6, 6438, 6449, 6467, 6478-9, 6506, 6534-5, 6560-1, 6618, 6623-4, 6630, 6688, 6698, 6704, 6746-7, 6785, 6802, 6814, 6815-6, 6818, 6819, 6860, 6923, 7194 to 7198, 7203, 7207, 7213, 7215, 7221 to 7223, 7228 to 7230, 7235, 7320, 7325, 7481 to 7483, 7524, 7714, 7737-8, 7771, 7946, 8003, 8036, 8058, 8140, 8142, 8144 to 8147, 8149, 8153 to 8155, 8208-9, 8251 to 8254, 8306, 8317 to 8319, 8328, 8330, 8357 to 8359, 8395, 8409, 8442-3, 8484, 8487, 8520, 8577, 8600, 8613, 8626, 8715-16, 8737-8, 8749-50, 8754, 8757-8, 8773, 8782, 8793, 8836 to 8839, 8920, 8936, 8940 to 8946, 8948, 9000, 9020, 9023, 9060-1, 9066, 9071-2, 9075 to 9080, 9083, 9085-6, 9100, 9103, 9115-6, 9134-5, 9144 to 9146, 9150-1, 9155-6, 9159 to 9164, 9171 to 9175, 9189, 9195-6, 9289-90, 9302, 9304, 9335, 9338, 9411, 9417, 9502 to 9506, 9531, 9736, 9768, 9841-2, 9846-7 and 9921. 9. Method for modifying the color of a material capable of undergoing heat treatments, said material being chosen from the group consisting by the plastics, synthetic resins, stone, glass, coatings metallic, concrete and other heavy construction materials, characterized in that:
b) a mineral powder in the state is applied to and / or in said material natural or transformed by at least one treatment chosen from the group consisting of heat treatments, chemical treatments and irradiation treatments, chemical treatments being chosen in the group consisting of acid treatments, ammonia, ether, a base and cyanide, the irradiation treatments being chosen from the group consisting of gamma ray treatments, electrons, neutrons, x-rays and lasers;
said mineral powder thus applied being alone or in mixture with a another powder chosen from the group consisting of other minerals, metals selected from chromium, nickel and their mixtures, and the selected salts from sodium and potassium carbonates, titanium dioxide, zirconium, zirconium silicate, MgO, Ca (OH) 2, and SiC and table salt; and b) subjecting said material and the pigment applied to and / or in this at least one heat treatment in ambient air or in atmosphere controlled from 100 ° F to 2280 ° F;
the powder and the pigmented material of which the color is modified being chosen among those numbered as follows in Table 1:
1 to 11, 13, 13.1, 14 to 19, 20-1, 22 to 39, 41, to 144, 146 to 166, 166.1 to 166.5, 167 to 224, 224.1 to 224.4, 225-6, 226.1, 226.2, 227 to 287, 289 to 318, 320 to 366, 366.1, 367 to 394, 395 to 412, 413, 414 to 422, 423, 424-5, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431-2, 433, 434, 435, 436-7, 439 to 475, 475.1 to 508, 510, 521, 526, 529, 534, 537 to 546, 551 to 561.1, 561.2, 561.3, 563 to 573, 576, 579 to 585, 588 to 591, 593, 600 to 604, 606 to 608, 610 to 614, 616 to 624, 627 to 656, 658, 660 to 663, 665 to 678, 680-1, 681.1, 682 to 692, 694 to 755.3, 757 to 780, 783 to 786, 789, 791 to 816, 822 to 831, 833 to 859, 859.1, 860 to 883, 884.1 to 899, 901 to 903, 905 to 912, 912.1 to 923, 923.1, 924 to 957, 959 to 992, 992.1, 993 to 1007, 1008-9, 1010 to 1012.3, 1013.1, 1013.2, 1014-5, 1017 to 1020, 6204 to 6230, 6231-2, 6233 to 6264, 6265, 6266 to 6287, 6288, 6289 to 6297, 6299 to 6315, 6317 to 6384, 6385, 6386 to 6399, 6401 to 6404, 6405, 6408 to 6412, 6414 to 64.30, 6432 to 6434, 6437, 6439 to 6448, 6450 to 6466, 6468 to 6477, 6480 to 6505, 6507 to 6527, 6527.1, 6528 to 6533, 6536 to 6559, 6562 to 6596, 6596.1, 6597 to 6617, 6619, 6620-1, 6622, 6625 to 6629, 6631 to 6652, 6653 to 6687, 6689 to 6697, 6699 to 6703, 6705 to 6718, 6719 to 6745, 6748, 6749-50, 6751, 6751.1, 6751.2, 6752-3, 6755 to 6762, 6763 to 6771, 6775-6, 6779 to 6784, 6786, 6787 to 6789, 6790 to 6793, 6794 to 6801, 6803 to 6809, 6809.2, 6812-13, 6814.1, 6817, 6822 to 6833.a, 6834 to 6843, 6845 to 6859, 6861 to 6922, 6924 to 7072, 7072.1, 7073 to 7135, 7136, 7137 to 7193, 7199 to 7202, 7204 to 7206, 7208 to 7212, 7214, 7216, 7217, 7218 to 7220, 7224 to 7227, 7231 to 7234, 7236 to 7290, 7291-2, 7295 to 7297, 7298 to 7319, 7321 to 7324, 7326, 7327-8, 7329 to 7376, 7377, 7378 to 7440, 7441 to 7443, 7444 to 7480, 7484 to 7517, 7518 to 7520, 7521 to 7523, 7526 to 7565, 7566, 7567 to 7602, 7603, 7604 to 7606, 7607, 7608, 7609, 7610 to 7616, 7617 to 7620, 7621, 7622, 7623, 7624, 7625-6, 7627, 7628 to 7653, 7654-5, 7656 to 7661, 7661.1, 7662 to 7665, 7666 to 7713, 7715 to 7736, 7739 to 7770, 7772 to 7799, 7799.1, 7800 to 7809, 7810 to 7823, 7824 to 7936, 7937, 7938 to 7945, 7947 to 8000, 8001-2, 8004-5, 8006 to 8024, 8024.1, 8024.2, 8025 to 8031, 8032 to 8034, 8035, 803 7 to 8057, 8059 to 8061, 8063 to 8119, 8119.1, 8120 to 8127, 8127.1, 8128 to 8135, 8136 to 8139, 8141, 8143, 8147.1, 8148, 8150 to 8152, 8152.1, 8156 to 8207, 8210 to 8226, 8226.1, 8227 to 8231, 8232, 8233, 8233.1, 8234 to 8250, 8255 to 8259, 8259.1, 8259.2, 8260 to 8264, 8266 to 8279, 8279.1, 8280 to 8305, 8307 to 8316, 8320 to 8327, 8329, 8331 to 8335, 8336, 8337 to 8356, 8360 to 8362, 8363 to 8366, 8367-8, 8368.1, 8369 to 8384, 8385, 8386 to 8394, 8396 to 8406, 8407-8, 8410 to 8441, 8444 to 8452, 8453 to 8460, 8461 to 8483, 8485-6, 8488 to 8519, 8521 to 8576, 8578 to 8599, 8601 to 8612, 8615 to 8625, 8627 to 8672, 8672.1, 8673 to 8714, 8717 to 8736, 8739 to 8748, 8751 to 8753, 8755-6, 8759 to 8772, 8774 to 8781, 8783 to 8792, 8794-5, 8797 to 8827, 8827.1, 8828 to 8835, 8840 to 8914, 8916 to 8919, 8921 to 8935, 8937 to 8939, 8947, 8949 to 8999, 9001 to 9019, 9021-2, 9024 to 9059, 9062 to 9065, 9067 to 9070, 9073-4, 9081, 9082, 9084, 9087 to 9099, 9101-2, 9104 to 9114, 9117 to 9133, 9136 to 9140, 9141, 9142-3, 9147 to 9149, 9152 to 9154, 9157-8, 9165 to 9170, 9176 to 9188, 9190 to 9194, 9197 to 9206, 9207 to 9259, 9260, 9261 to 9288, 9291 to 9301, 9303, 9305 to 9334, 9336-7, 9339 to 9350, 9350.1, 9351 to 9410, 9412 to 9416, 9418 to 9427, 9428 to 9431, 9432 to 9464, 9465, 9466 to 9470, 9471, 9475 to 9501, 9507 to 9530, 9532 to 9635, 9636-7, 9638 to 9656, 9656.1, 9657 to 9691, 9692 to 9694, 9696 to 9704, 9705-6, 9707 to 9731, 9731.1, 9731.2, 9732 to 9735, 9737 to 9767, 9769 to 9806, 9806.1, 9807 to 9811, 9814 to 9840, 9843 to 9845, 9848 to 9866, 9868 to 9914, 9915 to 9918, 9919, 9919.1, 9920, 9922 to 9950, 9951 to 10020, 10021-2 and 10024 to 10104. 10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the material pigmented whose color is changed is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table 1:
166.1 to 166.5, 224.1 to 224.4, 226.1, 226.2, 561.2, 561.3, 681.1, 859.1, 923.1, 992.1, 1020.1, 1027.1b, 1094.1, 1098, 1102.1, 1139.1, 1220.1, 1448 to 1455, 1475.1, 1514.1, 1516-17, 1519 to 1522, 1563.1, 1572 to 1576.1, 1580.1, 1603, 1743, 1810, 1840.1, 1841 to 1845, 2026.1, 2026.2, 2030.1, 2048.1, 2101.1, 2149.1, 2185, 2208.1, 2342-3, 2399, 2399.1, 2452.1, 2462, 2462.1, 2466, 2501.1, 2573, 2618.1 to 2618.5, 2630.1, 2631 to 2633, 2635-6, 2703, 2730.1, 2957.1, 2960.1, 2989-90, 2998.1, 3058.1, 3058.2, 3063, 3104.1, 3108.1, 3204.1, 3222.1, 3256.1, 3258.1, 3349, 3357, 3375 to 3378, 3378.1, 3387, 3506 to 3512, 3824.1, 3834.1, 3842, 3940, 3977, 4014.1, 4014.2, 4035, 4087, 4089, 4116.2, 4148 to 4150, 4171, 4180-1, 4216, 4426.1, 4438.1, 4474, 4490, 4616, 4675 to 4677, 4764.1, 4874.1, 5047.1, 5047.2, 5249, 5296 to 5299, 5301 to 5305, 5309, 5313 to 5318, 5347 to 5354, 5638 to 5640, 5646.1, 5646.2, 5716.1, 5844, 5852, 5924-5, 5927.1, 5930, 5958.1, 6013-14, 6039, 6043-4, 6054-5, 6067, 6085, 6100, 6110, 6120, 6141, 6150 to 6153, 6203, 6231-2, 6265, 6288, 6385, 6527.1, 6596.1, 6620-1, 6749-50, 6751.1, 6751.2, 7072.1, 7217, 7291-2, 7295 to 7297, 7327-8, 7377, 7441 to 7443, 7566, 7603, 7607, 7609, 7617 to 7620, 7622, 7624, 7627, 7654-5, 7661.1, 7799.1, 7810 to 7823, 8024.1, 8024.2, 8119.1, 8127.1, 8147.1, 8152.1, 8226.1, 8232, 8233.1, 8259.1, 8259.2, 8279.1, 8336, 8363 to 8366, 8368.1, 8385, 8407-8, 8453 to 8460, 8672.1, 8827.1, 9081, 9141, 9197 to 9206, 9260, 9350.1, 9428 to 9431, 9465, 9471, 9636-7, 9656.1, 9705-6, 9731.1, 9731.2, 9806.1 and 10021-2. 11. Method for modifying the color of a material capable of undergoing heat and radiation treatments, said material being chosen from the group made up of plastics, synthetic resins, stone the glass, metallic coatings, concrete and other heavy materials construction, characterized in that:
c) a mineral powder in the state is applied to and / or in said material natural or transformed by at least one treatment chosen from the group consisting of heat treatments, chemical treatments and irradiation treatments, chemical treatments being chosen in the group consisting of acid treatments, ammonia, ether, a base and cyanide, the irradiation treatments being chosen from the group consisting of gamma ray treatments, electrons, neutrons, x-rays and lasers;
said mineral powder thus applied being alone or in mixture with a another powder chosen from the group consisting of other minerals, metals selected from chromium, nickel and their mixtures, and the selected salts from sodium and potassium carbonates, titanium dioxide, zirconium, zirconium silicate, MgO, Ca (OH) 2, and SiC and table salt; and b) subjecting said material and the pigment in any order applied to and / or therein at least one air heat treatment ambient or in a controlled atmosphere from 100 ° F to 2280 ° F and at least one irradiation to gamma rays from 5 Mrad to 360 Mrad and / or to electrons from 50,000 rad to 170,000 rad;
the powder and the pigmented material of which the color is modified being chosen among those numbered as follows in Table 1:
1 to 11, 13, 13.1, 14 to 19, 20-1, 22 to 39, 41 to 144, 146 to 166, 167 to 224, 225-6, 227 to 287, 289 to 318, 320 to 366, 366.1, 367 to 394, 395 to 412, 414 to 422, 424-5, 427, 429, 431-2, 434, 436-7, 439 to 475, 475.1 to 508, 510, 521, 526, 529, 534, 537 to 546, 551 to 561.1, 563 to 573, 576, 579 to 585, 588 to 591, 593, 600 to 604, 606 to 608, 610 to 614, 616 to 624, 627 to 656, 658, 660 to 663, 665 to 678, 680-1, 682 to 692, 694 to 755.3, 757 to 780, 783 to 786, 787-8, 789, 791 to 816, 822 to 831, 833 to 859, 859.2 to 859.5, 860 to 883, 884, 884.1 to 899, 901 9951 to 10020, 10024 to 10104. 12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the material pigmented whose color is changed is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table 1:

787-8, 859.2 to 859.5, 884, 923.2, 1013, 1020.2, 1025, 1027.1 a, 1099, 1100, 1102.2, 1102.3, 243-4, 1306.1, 1633.1 to 1633.4, 1810, 2026.1a to 2026.1d, 2026.2a, 2101.2 to 2101.5, 2149.2, 2361.1 to 2361.3, 2466.1, 2986.1, 3064, 3280.1, 3378.2, 3824a, 3824.2, 3829-30, 3900.1, 3991, 4016.1, 4034.1, 4426.2, 4455.1, 4455.2, 4580.1, 4764.2, 4764.3, 5062-3, 5284a, 5284.1, 5345.1, 5716.2, 5726.1, 6067.1, 6404.1, 6652.1, 6718.1, 6748.1, 6751.3, 6762.1, 6771.1, 6771.2, 6785.1, 6786.1, 6789a, 6789.1, 6793.1, 6809.1, 6817.1, 6817.2, 6818.1, 6818.2, 6818.3, 6819.1, 6819.2, 6819.3, 6833.1, 6844, 7135.1, 7136.1, 7293-4, 7517.1, 7520.1 to 7520.1, 7665.1, 7770.1, 7936.1, 7937.1, 8000.1, 8005.1, 8024.1a, 8024.1b, 8031.1, 8034.1, 8034.2, 8119.2, 8135.1 to 8135.27, 8265, 8614, 8672.2, 8796; 8915, 9022.1, 9022.2, 9474, 9691.1, 9691.2, 9812-13, 9867, 9914.1, 9914.2, 9918.1, 9918.2, 9950.1 and 9950.2. 13. Method for preparing a mixture of colored powder which can be used as a pigment, characterized in that:
a) mixing a powder of a mineral with a powder of at least one other compound selected from the group consisting of other minerals, metals, the metallic alloys, metallic salts of organic or mineral nature, and the organic substances of vegetable or animal origin; and b) at least one chemical treatment with acid, with ammonia or with ether, heat treatment or even irradiation treatment at at minus one of the two powders above before and / or after mixing them this;
the mixture of powders thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table 1:
13, 13.1, 35 to 39, 78, 91, 97, 1 12, 150 to 154, 157, 189, 206, 216, 248 to 251, 253, 255, 266, 277, 309 to 311, 320-1, 324, 326-7, 348, 359, 368, 382, 443, 467, 481, 489, 538 to 542, 544-5, 551 to 557, 559-60, 564-5, 567-8, 579, 588, 593, 636-7, 640, 646 to 648, 653, 662, 680-1, 684, 688 to 691, 695, 718 to 720, 722 to 728, 731 to 737, 748, 754, 755.1 to 755.3, 777, 791, 835, 884.1 to 884.3, 5845, 5847, 5849, 5854-5, 5857, 5866 to 5868, 5876-7, 5880, 5885-6, 5903, 5909, 5927, 5929, 5935, 5950, 5961-2, 5970, 5994, 6008, 6016, 6020, 6023, 6027, 6029, 6034, 6036, 6041.1, 6045-6, 6048-9, 6051, 6053, 6065, 6068, 6072, 6079, 6080, 6093-4, 6097 to 6099, 6102, 6105 to 6108, 6117, 6119, 6133, 6135, 6138 to 6140, 6143 to 6145, 6147 to 6149, 6156-7, 6163 to 6166, 6168 to 6173, 6177-8, 6184 to 6186, 6190-1, 6194, 6196 to 6202, 6204, 6206, 6208, 6230, 6234 to 6242, 6247 to 6263, 6266-7, 6269, 6272 to 6275, 6278-9, 6281 to 6283, 6285-6, 6294-5, 6297, 6299 to 6314, 6317 to 6319, 6321 to 6324, 6330 to 6332, 6339 to 6382, 6385, 6391 to 6395, 6398, 6401 to 6403, 6405, 6409 to 6412, 6418 to 6420, 6425, 6427 to 6429, 6432, 6434, 6443, 6445, 6450, 6455, 6458 to 6461, 6476-7, 6485, 6493 to 6497, 6499, 6502, 6505, 6507, 6511-12, 6515, 6521, 6525, 6525.1, 6527, 6529 to 6533, 6537-8, 6541, 6547, 6553, 6555, 6557-8, 6567, 6571-2, 6575, 6577 to 6579, 6582, 6587, 6590, 6593, 6599, 6601-2, 6611-12, 6616, 6625 to 6629, 6631, 6635-6, 6641, 6646 to 6652, 6656, 6662, 6670, 6676 to 6681, 6694 to 6696, 6699, 6702, 6708, 6713 to 6717, 6722, 6734, 6737 to 6739, 6741, 6753-4, 6771, 6772 to 6774, 6777-8, 6810-11, 6820, 6835 to 6837, 6839, 6841, 6845, 6858-9, 6863-4, 6866, 6875, 6884-5, 6889, 6891-2, 6895-6, 6899, 6901 to 6906, 6909 to 6911, 6913 to 6916, 6922, 6927, 6930-1, 6936 to 6945, 6969, 6971, 6973-4, 6989, 6991, 6993-4, 6994.1, 7004-5, 7010 to 7017, 7022-3, 7025-6, 7028 to 7043, 7046.1 to 7050, 7052 to 7059, 7061 to 7067, 7069, 7073 to 7075, 7077 to 7086, 7089-90, 7092 to 7126, 7128 to 7135, 7137-8, 7140, 7143 to 7146, 7148 to 7152, 7169, 7173 to 7176, 7178, 7180, 7183-4, 7202, 7210, 7217, 7219, 7224, 7226, 7233, 7243-4, 7249 to 7255, 7260 to 7266, 7268 to 7275, 7277, 7280 to 7284, 7298, 7300-1, 7305, 7307 to 7310, 7313-14, 7319, 7321, 7323-4, 7329 to 7331, 7343, 7348, 7350-1, 7354 to 7360, 7365 to 7371, 7373 to 7377, 7379, 7383 to 7387, 7391, 7393-4, 7399, 7404, 7414, 7419 to 7422, 7432, 7439, 7445 to 7452, 7465 to 7468, 7471 to 7476, 7478, 7485-6, 7489-90, 7495-6, 7501-2, 7505 to 7510, 7512-13, 7517, 7518, 7520, 7521 to 7523, 7525, to 7533, 7539, 7589, 7564-5, 7567 to 7571, 7575, 7580, 7584 to 7587, 7595 to 7597, 7599, 7605-6, 7608, 7610, 7612 to 7614, 7616, 7621, 7641 to 7647, 7649, 7656-7, 7661, 7662, 7664-5, 7668-9, 7671, 7674, 7677, 7686 to 7690, 7695 to 7709, 7715-6, 7734, 7739 to 7744, 7746, 7748 to 7750, 7774-5, 7777, 7779, 7787, 7793, 7795 to 7797, 7802, 7822-3, 7827 to, 7836, 7866-7, 7869, 7871, 7873-4, 7876, 7884, 7888, 7913, 7929 to 7932, 7936, 7938-9, 7941-2, 7944-5, 7950, 7961 to 7965, 7967, 7971, 7976, 7978 to 7982, 7986 to 7988, 7990, 7992 to 7994, 7998 to 8000, 8002, 8006-7, 8011, 8014-5, 8028-9, 8033, 8045, 8049 to 8051, 8053 to 8055, 8059 to 8067, 8069, 8071 to 8079, 8083-4, 8086 to 8090, 8103-4, 8110-1, 8118, 8123, 8126, 8128 to 8131, 8133 to 8135, 8136, 8139, 8141, 8148, 8152, 8158 to 8160, 8166 to 8170, 8179, 8196, 8204, 8227, 8230, 8233, 8236, 8249, 8257, 8259, 8261, 8264, 8266 to 8276, 8280 to 8285, 8288 to 8290, 8292, 8297-8, 8307, 8308-9, 8311 to 8316, 8320 to 8327, 8334, 8337 to 8340, 8346 to 8354, 8367, 8370, 8376, 8378-9, 8383-4, 8392, 8405, 8418 to 8420, 8438-9, 8441, 8461-2, 8464-5, 8467 to 8470, 8489 to 8492, 8512, 8516, 8528, 8530, 8532, 8542, 8560, 8576, 8602 to 8607, 8615, 8622, 8628 to 8630, 8637, 8643, 8646, 8667, 8669-70, 8677-8, 8681, 8688 to 8693, 8695 to 8697, 8703, 8705 to 8707, 8711, 8714, 8717, 8751, 8768, 8779, 8783, 8786, 8792, 8794-5, 8797 to 8805, 8816, 8819 to 8824, 8826, 8832, 8834-5, 8877, 8897, 8905 to 8910, 8912 to 8914, 8974, 8982-3, 8985 to 8990, 8993, 9015, 9021, 9024, 9028, 9046, 9053, 9063-4, 9069-70, 9073, 9082, 9090 to 9093, 9107 to 9111, 9120-1, 9136, 9157-8, 9179 to 9182, 9185 to 9188, 9191, 9207 to 9209, 9213, 9222, 9237, 9237.1, 9241 to 9244, 9246, 9248-9, 9253-4, 9262 to 9265, 92 72, 9296 to 9300, 9303, 9306, 9309 to 9312, 9314 to 9316, 9319, 9323 to 9326, 9330 to 9333, 9339, 9341, 9355 to 9357, 9360, 9373-4, 9377 to 9381, 9384-5, 9387 to 9391, 9403, 9434 to 9436, 9440 to 9443, 9445, 9447 to 9449, 9464, 9466 to 9468, 9472-3, 9475 to 9483, 9485, 9490, 9497, 9509 to 9511, 9525, 9541, 9544, 9546, 9552, 9573, 9579 to 9586, 9590-1, 9605, 9620, 9625, 9627, 9633 to 9635, 9638 to 9642, 9692 to 9695, 9700-1, 9707 to 9718, 9731, 9733-4, 9737, 9744 to 9746, 9752, 9755 to 9761, 9764, 9769 to 9773, 9775-6, 9780 to 9789, 9793, 9795, 9798-9, 9805, 9807, 9826, 9828 to 9833, 9838, 9844-5, 9850, 9852 to 9857, 9863, 9879, 9905 to 9911, 9922, 9924-5, 9927 to 9930, 9935, 9950, 9955-6, 9965-6, 9973-4, 9977, 9983 to 9989, 9992 to 10002, 10006-7, 10009, 10023, 10025-6, 10039-40, 10047 to 10050, 10052-3, '10058-9, 10061-2, 10066, 10068-9, 10077, 10079 and 10099. 14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the treatment mentioned in step (b) is carried out on at least one of the powders before mixing these, the mixture of powders thus prepared and processed being chosen from among those numbered as follows in Table I:
755.1, 755.2, 755.3, 884.1, 884.2, 884.3, 1306.2, 1306.3, 1306.4, 1962.1, 1962.2, 1962.3, 1969.1, 1969.2, 1969.3, 1986.1, 1986.2, 1986.3, 2368.1, 2368.2, 2368.3, 2406.1, 2406.2, 2406.3, 2470.1, 2470.2, 2470.3, 2706.1, 2706.2, 2706.3, 2736, 2824, 3035, 3203.1, 3203.2, 3203.3, 3225.1, 3225.2 ,, 3225.3, 3824b, 3824c, 3824d, 3862, 4407-8, 4735.1, 4735.2, 4735.3, 4846.1, 4846.2, 4846.3, 6321, 6913, 7030 to 7037, 7143, 7150, 9157, 9213 and 9935. 15. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the mixture of powders is based on a mineral and a powder of vegetable origin and corresponds to that numbered 1962.3 in Table I. 16. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the mixture of powders is based on a mineral and a powder of animal origin and corresponds to those numbered as follows in Table I:
912.2, 1775, 1802-3, 1812, 1848, 1867, 2395, 7873, 8669, 8751, 8905. 17. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that at least a treatment mentioned in step (b) is carried out on at least one of the powders before mixing these and the same treatment or another of the treatments mentioned in step (b) is carried out on the mixture then obtained. 18. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the powder mixture is based on two minerals or one mineral and one metal alloy; and is chosen from among those numbered as follows in the Table I:
13, 13.1, 2751 to 2753, 2922, 3013, 3045, 3428, 3616, 3637, 3640, 3704, 3729-30, 3889-90, 3937, 3945, 3959, 3976, 4010, 4101, 4261, 4270, 4277 to 4279, 4403 to 4406, 4581, 4743 to 4747, 4784, 4802, 4805, 4810, 4841, 4844, 5048, 5250, 5442, 5444-5, 5641, 6269, 6297, 6306 to 6313, 6317, 6319, 6345, 6593, 6626 to 6629, 6837, 6841, 6884, 6914, 6922, 6931, 7013, 7017, 7029, 7074, 7078 to 7086, 7093 to 7096, 7115, 7118 to 7124, 7129-30, 7140, 7146, 7151, 7184, 7202, 7616, 7779, 8141, 8615, 9028, 9158, 9434 to 9436, 9476 to 9483, 9986. 19. The method of claim 17, characterized in that the mixture of powders is based on a mineral and sodium carbonate or potassium and is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
647, 1036, 1314, 1319 to 1326, 1376-7, 1380 to 1383, 1404 to 1407, 1425 to 1430, 1444, 1528 to 1533, 1849, 1898, 2130 to 2132, 2148-9, 2590, 2654, 2683, 2692, 2920-1, 3012, 3120, 3422, 3619-20, 3629, 3738, 3740, 3864, 3891, 3902, 3936, 3962-3, 3967, 3978 to 3983, 4020 to 4024, 4204, 4206-7, 4210 to 4213, 4611 to 4614, 4619 to 4621, 4776-7, 4780, 4799, 4803, 4852, 4961, 5044-5, 5116 to 5119, 5190 to 5193, 5226-7, 5245, 5253, 5275 to 5277, 5808, 6097, 6099, 6753, 6835, 6927, 7028, 7251-2 and 7715. 20. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the mixture is composed of at least three powders and is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
1492, 1563, 2224 to 2226, 2552, 3667, 3811 to 3816, 3944, 4033, 4097 to 4099, 4103-4, 4708, 4715, 5603-4, 5610, 5682, 5725, 6301 to 6304, 6314, 6346, 6676, 6696, 6713, 6899, 6901, 6942, 6989, 6991, 7012, 7038-9, 7041-2, 7152, 7451, 7610, 7649, 7664, 7832, 8054, 8090, 8110, 8276, 8307, 8349, 8461, 8468, 8646, 8697, 8804-5, 8990, 9377, 9525, 10000, 10001 and 10025-6. 21. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the treatment mentioned in step (b) is carried out after mixing the powders. 22. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the mixture of powders is based on a mineral and a metal alloy and is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
718 to 720, 722 to 728, 731 to 737, 754, 791, 1193.2 to 1193.3, 2722.1, 2722.2, 2722.3 ,, 2722.4, 2722.5, 3038-9, 3105, 3254, 3299.1, 3568, 3631, 3634, 3765 to 3771, 3880 to 3883, 3887, 3988, 3994 to 3996, 4256, 4264-5, 4268-9, 4301 to 4306, 4390-1, 4414 to 4418, 4427, 4432, 4628, 4644-5, 4652-3, 4735, 4742, 4806, 4866.1, 4866.2, 4887, 5010, 5840, 5876, 6041.1, 6144, 6173, 6240 to 6242, 6257 to 6259, 6282, 6322 to 6324, 6332, 6340 to 6344, 6347 to 6382, 6450, 6458 to 6460, 6493, 6557-8, 6641, 6681, 6863, 6889, 6939 to 6941, 6943 to 6945, 7010, 7011, 7050, 7057, 7107 to 7109, 7114, 7116-7, 7135, 7148, 7529 to 7532, 7567 to 7569, 7645-6, 7827, 7833, 7992, 8055, 8139, 8439, 8490-1, 8528, 8798 to 8800, 8982-3, 9179-80, 9237.1, 9355-6, 9475, 9756 to 9761 and 9852 to 9857. 23. The method of claim 21, characterized in that the mixture of powders is based on a mineral and a metal and is chosen from those numbered names follows in Table I:
309 to 311, 320-1, 912.4, 1467-8, 1487-8, 1747-8, 1759 to 1766, 1773-4, 1790 to 1795, 1801, 1804, 1811, 1820 to 1829, 1847, 1851 to 1853, 1855 to 1857, 1862 to 1866, 1881, 1900-1, 1922-3, 1928, 1932 to 1943, 1945 to 1958, 1962, 1963 to 1969, 1970 to 1986, 1987 to 1991, 1995 to 1998, 2144 to 2146, 2159, 2165 to 2168, 2191 to 2199, 2201-2, 2213, 2229, 2320-1, 2335, 2337-8, 2366, 2739, 2756, 2759 to 2780, 2797, 2802 to 2812, 2835, 3020, 3168, 3495-6, 3531, 3536, 4058-9, 4071-2, 4242; 4679, 4680, 4688, 4699 to 4701, 5042, 5376, 5664, 5842, 5885-6, 5927, 6163-4, 6178, 6391-2, 6505, 6512, 6567, 6971, 7046.1, 7049, 7110, 7210, 7249, 7307-8, 7355, 7365, 7383, 7439, 7746, 7750, 7822-3, 7869, 8002, 8167-8, 8259, 8321, 8323 to 8327, 8604 to 8607, 8688 to 8692, 8792, 9107 to 9110, 9303, 9314, 9373-4, 9510, 9977, 10077 and 10099. 24. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the mixture of powders is based on a mineral and sodium carbonate or potassium and is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
35 to 39, 91, 97, 112, 150 to 154, 206, 216, 248 to 251, 253, 255, 368, 443, 467, 481, 489, 538 to 542, 544-5, 551 to 557, 564-5, 568, 579, 588, 593, 636-7, 640, 646, 648, 653, 662, 680-1, 684, 688 to 691, 907 to 910, 912, 924, 950-1, 953 to 957, 959.1, 982, 984, 1011-12, 1026, 1028 to 1035, 1037, 1043 to 1048, 1051 to 1070, 1072 to 1080, 1094, 1096, 1102, 1115 to 1119, 1124 to 1129, 1139, 1140 to 1142, 1151.1, 1153, 1161, 1178 to 1180, 1185 to 1188, 1190, 1192, 1206-7, 1209-10, 1212-13, 1215, 1221, 1223 to 1226, 1229, 1245, 1251 to 1253, 1256 to 1265, 1279-80, 1282-3, 1291 to 1297, 1300 to 1303, 1312-13, 1330, 1354-5, 1364, 1369, 1374, 1403, 1443, 1456, 1461, 1476-7, 1485, 1493 to 1497, 1499, 1505 to 1509, 1514, 1518, 1520 to 1522, 1524 to 1526, 1534 to 1540, 1542 to 1546, 1550 to 1552, 1556, 1559, 1570-1, 1580, 1582 to 1588, 1591 to 1600, 1611 to 1613, 1638, 1671, 1723, 1741-2, 1744, 1776.1, 1777, 1780 to 1789, 1796 to 1800, 1814, 1816 to 1819, 1830 to 1840, 1858, 1868, 1871 to 1880, 1907 to 1909, 1914 to 1920, 1924-5, 1959 to 1961, 1993, 2011, 2015, 2027 to 2029, 2034 to 2039, 2041, 2043 to 2046, 2049-50, 2052, 2054, 2060, 2062 to 2064, 2076 to 2079, 2082-3, 2085 to 2098, 2101, 2102 to 2115, 2121 to 2125, 2128, 2140, 2162-3, 2170, 2181, 2214 to 2218, 2227, 2230-1, 2233, 2238-9, 2241-2, 2276 to 2278, 2280, 2283, 2289, 2303-4, 2309, 2312, 2316-7, 2324 to 2327, 2332, 2340-1, 2344 to 2348, 2351 to 2360, 2367, 2369 to 2371, 2385, 2391, 2396 to 2399, 2400 to 2406, 2408, 2414-5, 2446 to 2451, 2459, 2462, 2465, 2470, 2498 to 2500, 2502 to 2550, 2555-6, 2558 to 2560, 2564-5, 2570 to 2572, 2574, 2576, 2583, 2587 to 2589, 2599 to 2603, 2619, 2627, 2634, 2642-3, 2655, 2660, 2684 to 2691, 2693, 2700, 2709 to 2712, 2713, 2722, 2723 to 2725, 2727 to 2729, 2796, 2800, 2820, 2844 to 2847, 2855, 2857, 2888, 2898, 2911 to 2913, 2926, 2940 to 2942, 2947 to 2951, 2953, 2955, 2957, 2971 to 2973, 2986, 3094 to 3098, 3135, 3196, 3201-2, 3221, 3256, 3276, 3279, 3294, 3309, 3381, 3385-6, 3392-3, 3404 to 3407, 3418, 3475 to 3482, 3498 to 3500, 3513 to 3518, 3523 to 3528, 3530, 3542, 3544, 3559, 3575-6, 3621 to 3627, 3653 to 3655, 3691, 3710-11, 3720, 3728, 3734 to 3736, 3739, 3749-50, 3756-7, 3795, 3834, 3865, 3875, 3908, 3911-12, 3933 to 3935, 3975, 3997 to 4000, 4007, 4008, 4062 to 4064, 4132-3, 4308 to 4386, 4392, 4402, 4468, 4470-1, 4477, 4483, 4491, 451 1, 4513-14, 4520, 4563, 4569 to 4571, 4574 to 4579, 4588, 4594-5, 4603, 4610, 4624 to 4627, 4641-2, 4654, 4684-5, 4691, 4693, 4698, 4702 to 4707, 4717-18, 4720-1, 4737, 4750, 4756, 4764, 4772 to 4775, 4778, 4783, 4785, 4850-1, 4858, 4863 to 4866, 4878, 4890-1, 4929-30, 4933, 4936-7, 4943, 4947-8, 4954 to 4956, 4962 to 4964, 4966-7, 4969, 4970, 4983 to 4987, 4998-9, 5002-3, 5014-15, 5017 to 5019, 5023 to 5028, 5038-9, 5065, 5068, 5076 to 5080, 5097, 5106-7, 5111 to 5113, 5115, 5120 to 5123, 5127, 5131 to 5133, 5137, 5156, 5163, 5172, 5177-8, 5182, 5186 to 5188, 5194, 5216, 5225, 5239-40, 5269, 5273, 5295, 5321, 5331, 5333, 5337, 5356, 5363 to 5367, 5372, 5379, 5383, 5401-2, 5421, 5426, 5428 to 5430, 5450, 5465, 5470 to 5472, 5475, 5495, 5498-9, 5504, 5519-20, 5551, 5555, 5557, 5584-5, 5587, 5589, 5592, 5609, 5612, 5627, 5637, 5642 to 5644, 5654 to 5656, 5663, 5666, 5671 to 5678, 5688, 5691-2, 5696 to 5698, 5703, 5707-8, 5714, 5720, 5732-3, 5738, 5742, 5745-6, 5768-9, 5773, 5781-2, 5784-5, 5787-8, 5790, 5793, 5797, 5809 to 5814, 5819, 5829-30, 5835, 5837-8, 5841, 5845, 5847, 5849, 5855, 5857, 5866-7, 5877, 5880, 5935, 5950, 5961-2, 5970, 6027, 6029, 6036, 6045, 6048-9, 6051, 6106, 6138, 6140, 6147 to 6149, 6156-7, 6170 to 6172, 6177, 6184 to 6186, 6190-1, 6196 to 6202, 6204, 6230, 6234 to 6238, 6250-1, 6254, 6260 to 6263, 6266-7, 6273-4, 6279, 6281, 6283, 6285, 6294-5, 6299, 6300, 6385, 6398, 6401 to 6403, 6409 to 6412, 6418 to 6420, 6425, 6427, 6429, 6443, 6455, 6461, 6476-7, 6485, 6499, 6502, 6507, 6515, 6521, 6525.1, 6529 to 6532, 6537-8, 6541, 6547, 6553, 6575, 6577, 6590, 6599, 6611-12, 6625, 6646 to 6652, 6662, 6670, 6694-5, 6702, 6708, 6714 to 6717, 6722, 6734, 6737 to 6739, 6741, 6771, 6777-8, 6839, 6845, 6858-9, 6866, 6875, 6885, 6891-2, 6895-6, 6903 to 6906, 6909 to 6911, 6915-16, 6974, 7025, 7047-8, 7061 to 7067, 7089-90, 7098 to 7101, 7106, 7176, 7180, 7183, 7217, 7219, 7224, 7226, 7243-4, 7250, 7253 to 7255, 7260 to 7265, 7275, 7277, 7284, 7298, 7301, 7309, 7310, 7313-14, 7319, 7321, 7323-4, 7329 to 7331, 7350-1, 7356, 7369 to 7371, 7373, 7377, 7319, 7384 to 7387, 7399, 7404, 7414, 7449, 7452, 7468, 7471 to 7476.7478, 7495-6, 7501-2, 7505 to 7510, 7512-13; 7517, 7518, 7520, 7521 to 7523, 7525, 7533, 7564, 7571, 7575, 7580, 7584 to 7587, 7608, 7614, 7621, 7647, 7656-7, 7668, 7686, 7689-90, 7698 to 7700, 7708-9, 7716, 7748, 7774, 7796-7, 7834-5, 7867, 7871, 7876, 7884, 7913, 7929 to 7932, 7936, 7944-5, 7961 to 7965, 7978 to 7980, 7990, 7998 to 8000, 8006-7, 8011, 8062, 8066-7, 8071 to 8078, 8087-8, 8103, 8118, 8128-9, 8131, 8133-4, 8136, 8148, 8152, 8159-60, 8179, 8196, 8204, 8233, 8249, 8257, 8264, 8280-1, 8288 to 8290, 8320, 8322, 8339, 8352, 8370, 8378-9, 8383, 8405, 8418 to 8420, 8441, 8462, 8464-5, 8469-70, 8512, 8532, 8602-3, 8622, 8628 to 8630, 8637, 8667, 8670; 8677-8, 8705-6, 8711, 8714, 8717, 8768, 8779, 8795, 8816, 8832, 8834-5, 8897, 8906, 9046, 9053, 9063-4, 9069-70, 9073, 9082; 9090, 9120-1, 9185-6, 9207 to 9209, 9222, 9237, 9241 to 9244, 9253-4, 9262 to 9265, 9296 to 9300, 9309 to 9312, 9319, 9330 to 9333, 9341, 9381, 9387 to 9390, 9403, 9440 to 9443, 9445, 9447 to 9449, 9464, 9466 to 9468, 9472, 9485, 9490, 9511, 9541, 9579 to 9586, 9620, 9625, 9627, 9633 to 9635, 9638 to 9642, 9700-1, 9707 to 9718, 9731, 9744-5, 9752, 9783, 9785 to 9789, 9798-9, 9807, 9828 to 9833, 9838, 9850, 9863, 9955-6, 9965-6, 9974, 9992, 9994, 9996, 9998, 10040, 10047-8, 10053, 10061 and 10069. 25. The method of claim 21, characterized in that the powder mixture is composed of at least three powders and is chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
567, 1104 to 1106.1, 1208, 1757-8, 1869, 1899, 1910, 1926, 1999, 2013-14, 2018, 2075, 2080 to 2081, 2099, 2220-1, 2290 to 2302, 2378, 2551, 3167, 3349, 3387, 3615, 3695, 3717, 3721, 3797, 3819, 3869, 3879, 3960-1, 4012, 4056, 4096, 4100, 4102, 4271, 4431, 4643, 4741, 5075, 5154, 5199 to 5202, 6020, 6065, 6098, 6107, 6117, 6145, 6208, 6255, 6680, 6699, 6864, 7014 to 7016; 7022-3, 7111 to 7113, 7125, 7300, 7391, 7393-4, 7420 to 7422, 7445 to 7448, 7450, 7465 to 7467, 7485, 7486, 7565, 7570, 7596, 7606, 7641, 7669, 7671, 7674, 7677, 7775, 7828-9, 7888, 7967, 7981-2, 7986 to 7988, 8028-9, 8049 to 8051, 8111, 8123, 8126, 8227, 8266 to 8275, 8282 to 8285, 8292, 8297, 8314 to 8316, 8340, 8346 at 8348, 8350-1, 8354, 8438, 8467, 8492, 8681, 8695-6, 8783, 8794, 8797, 8801 to 8803, 8819 to 8824, 8877, 8908-09, 8910, 8912, 8914, 8974, 8985 to 8989, 9021, 9136, 9181-2, 9248, 9339, 9357, 9378 to 9380, 9509, 9544, 9590, 9692 to 9694, 9733, 9746, 9755, 9769 to 9773, 9780 to 9782, 9784, 9805, 9922, 9925, 9927 to 9929, 9983 to 9985, 9987 to 9989, 9993, 9995, 9997, 9999, 10002, 10006, 10007, 10009, 10052, 10058, 10062, 10066, 10079. 26. The method of claim 21, characterized in that the mixture of powders is based on two minerals, the powder thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
78, 157, 189, 266, 277, 324, 326-7, 348, 359, 382, 559-60, 695, 748, 777, 835, 890 to 896, 901, 905, 912.1, 912.3, 912.5, 914, 918, 1746, 1749, 1751 to 1756, 1767 to 1772, 1779, 1807, 1809, 1846, 1850, 1883, 1902, 1927, 1929 to 1931, 1944, 1994, 2000-1, 2024 to 2026, 2169, 2211-12.
2219, 2573, 2630, 2703, 2980, 2983-4, 3006, 3185, 3366, 3377-8, 3390, 3440, 3748, 3772 to 3779, 3806, 3817-18, 3940 to 3942, 3970, 4025, 4027, 4119, 4126, 4153, 4158, 4166, 4217, 4284, 4400, 4409, 4435-6, 4440-1, 4446-7, 4451-2, 4462, 4473, 4486-7, 4501 to 4503, 4534, 4549, 4557, 4560, 4562, 4564, 4566, 4583, 4585, 4587, 4591 to 4593, 4600, 4623, 4655, 4659, 4660, 4765, 4771, 4796, 4804, 4807, 4831, 4839, 4917, 4939, 4940, 4957-8, 4960, 4971, 4975, 5069, 5071, 5081, 5110, 5114, 5143 to 5148, 5161-2, 5166-7, 5211, 5230, 5254, 5256, 5268, 5360, 5380, 5459, 5476, 5515, 5541, 5546, 5577 to 5579, 5631, 5757-8, 5843, 5854, 5868, 5903, 5909, 5929, 5994, 6008, 6016, 6023, 6034, 6046, 6053, 6068, 6072, 6079, 6080, 6093-4, 6102, 6105, 6108, 6119, 6133, 6135, 6139, 6143, 6165-6, 6168-9, 6194, 6206, 6239, 6247 to 6249, 6252-3, 6256, 6272, 6275, 6278, 6286, 6305, 6318, 6330-1, 6339, 6393 to 6395, 6405, 6428, 6432, 6434, 6445, 6494 to 6497, 6511, 6525, 6527, 6533, 6555, 6571-2, 6578-9, 6582, 6587, 6601-2, 6616, 6631, 6635-6, 6656, 6677 to 6679, 6754, 6772 to 6774, 6810, 6811, 6820, 6836, 6902, 6930, 6936 to 6938, 6969, 6973, 6993-4, 6994.1, 7004-5, 7026, 7040, 7043, 7052 to 7056, 7058-9, 7069, 7073, 7075, 7077, 7092, 7097, 7102 to 7105, 7126, 7128, 7131 to 7134, 7137-8, 7144-5, 7149, 7169, 7173 to 7175, 7178, 7233, 7266, 7268 to 7274, 7280 to 7283, 7305, 7343, 7348, 7354, 7357 to 7360, 7366 to 7368, 7374 to 7376, 7419, 7432, 7489-90, 7539, 7589, 7595, 7597, 7599, 7605, 7612-3, 7642 to 7644, 7661, 7662, 7665, 7687-8, 7695 to 7697, 7701 to 7707, 7734, 7739 to 7744, 7749, 7777, 7787, 7793, 7795, 7802, 7830-1, 7836, 7866, 7874, 7938-9, 7941-2, 7950, 7971, 7976, 7993-4, 8014, 8015, 8033, 8045, 8053, 8059 to 8061, 8063 to 8065, 8069, 8079, 8083-4, 8086, 8089, 8104, 8130, 8135, 8158, 8166, 8169, 8170, 8230, 8236, 8261, 8298, 8308-9, 8311 to 8313, 8334, 8337-8, 8353, 8367, 8376, 8384, 8392, 8489, 8516, 8530, 8542, 8560, 8576, 8643, 8693, 8703, 8707, 8786, 8826, 8907, 8913, 8993, 9015, 9024, 9091 to 9093, 9111, 9187-8, 9191, 9246, 9249, 9272, 9306, 9315-6, 9323 to 9326, 9360, 9384-5, 9391, 9473, 9497, 9546, 9552, 9573, 9591, 9605, 9695, 9734, 9737, 9764, 9775-6, 9793, 9795, 9826, 9844-5, 9879, 9905 to 9911, 9924, 9930, 9950, 9973, 10023, 10039, 10049, 10050, 10059 and 10068. 27. Process for the preparation of a colored powder usable as pigment, characterized in that an irradiation treatment is carried out on a mineral powder, the powder thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
147, 202, 213-4, 235-6, 240-1, 280-1, 290, 291-2, 337, 338-9, 342, 346-7, 351 to 357, 375-6, 405-6, 407, 414 to 422, 424, 425, 427, 429, 431, 432, 434, 436, 437, 450, 469, 474, 476, 477, 490, 491, 492, 571, 589, 665 to 674, 885, 920-1, 959, 964-5, 993 to 1004, 1005, 1013.1, 1015, 1019, 1022-3, 1027, 1108, 1110 to 1114, 1160, 1166 to 1172, 1183, 1246, 1249, 1266 to 1278, 1284 to 1290, 1304, 1308 to 1311, 1328, 1329, 1340 to 1348, 1351-2, 1353, 1384 to 1395, 1400, 1401, 1411, 1413 to 1423, 1424, 1445, 1462-3, 1471, 1478, 1568, 1604 to 1606, 1618, 1620 to 1628, 1648 to 1656, 1675, 1676 to 1682, 1685 to 1692, 1696 to 1706, 1707, 1722, 1887 to 1897, 1911, 1912-3, 2017, 2020, 2021, 2174, 2176, 2178, 2180, 2182, 2187, 2200, 2206, 2256, 2286, 2350, 2361.a, 2386 to 2389, 2419, 2422 to 2444, 2468, 2472 to 2479, 2481 to 2491, 2493 to 2497, 2645, 2676, 2697, 2717, 2793-4, 2795, 2798-9, 2815, 2816-17, 2818, 2819, 2822, 2852, 2856, 2901, 2914 to 2916, 2927, 2932, 2995, 2996, 3040-1, 3062, 3121, 3123, 3154, 3160 to 3165, 3186 to 3188, 3203, 3205, 3216, 3242 to 3253, 3260 to 3267, 3281, 3288, 3304, 3324, 3335, 3338-9, 3352, 3353, 3354, 3367 to 3369, 3370, 3379, 3395, 3410 to 3416, 3431 to 3435, 3442, 3446, 3485 to 3490, 3519, 3541, 3547 to 3549, 3582 to 3585, 3594, 3644 to 3646, 3700, 3701, 3760 to 3762, 3780 to 3791, 3827-8, 3835 to 3837, 3839, 3853, 3878, 3901, 3930 to 3932, 3985, 4018, 4036 to 4042, 4052, 4075, 4076, 4078, 4088, 4095.1, 4120, 4130, 4131, 4134, 4136 to 4138, 4141-2, 4146-7, 4193 to 4201, 42.05, 4259, 4262-3, 4266, 4307, 4430, 4434, 4481, 4492 to 4494, 4504, 4505, 4540 to 4547, 4572, 4589, 4629 to 4637, 4639, 4674, 4712, 4713, 4730, 4739, 4873-4, 4894, 4931-2, 4952-3, 4965, 4988 to 4992, 5000, 5125, 5141, 5235, 5244, 5258 to 5267, 5270, 5285, 5286, 5288-9, 5320, 5373, 5418, 5448, 5451, 5477 to 5490, 5509 to 5514, 5545, 5548, 5563 to 5573, 5576, 5590, 5615, 5616-7, 5646, 5723-4, 5747, 5748, 5751, 5759, 5771, 5772, 5775, 5850, 5853, 5871, 5873, 5887 to 5902, 5906, 5914, 5917, 5918, 5921, 5931, 5933, 5944, 5949, 5964, 5966, 5976, 5985 to 5992, 6010, 6021, 6022, 6035, 6047, 6050, 6074, 6088, 6095-6, 6103-4, 6121 to 6130, 6155, 6167, 6195, 6213, 6219 to 6229, 6264, 6335 to 6338, 6408, 6414 to 6417, 6421 to 6424, 6439-40, 6456, 6474, 6513, 6543-4, 6550, 6568, 6589, 6604.1, 6613, 6614, 6740, 6742 to 6744, 6751, 6763, 6764 to 6770, 6775-6, 6779 to 6784, 6786, 6787 to 6789, 6790-1, 6792-3, 6804, 6822 to 6833, 6834, 6838, 6840, 6842, 6846 to 6856, 6857, 6867 to 6874, 6877 to 6883, 6888, 6900, 6907, 6917, 6976, 6978 to 6983, 7018 to 7021, 7071, 7139, 7181-2, 7186, 7212, 7258, 7334 to 7338, 7352, 7364, 7378, 7423 to 7431, 7433, 7434, 7437-8, 7444, 7456 to 7461, 7479, 7484, 7534, 7535-6, 7542, 7545, 7549 to 7557, 7559, 7562, 7594, 7628 to 7640, 7651, 7681 to 7685, 7712-13, 7717 to 7726, 7729 to 7731, 7752 to 7756, 7780 to 7785, 7789, 7791, 7794, 7798-9, 7804, 7806-7, 7808, 7837, 7875, 7877 to 7883, 7886, 7903, 7914 to 7926, 7928, 7947, 7960, 7984, 8013, 8018 to 8023, 8027, 8039, 8048, 8052, 8056-7, 8080-1, 8156-7, 8161-2, 8165, 8171 to 8176, 8197, 8198 to 8200, 8206-7, 8210, 8212 to 8224, 8226, 8234, 8239-40, 8256, 8277 to 8279, 8287, 8332, 8388 to 8391, 8393, 8394, 8396 to 8404, 8411 to 8417, 8421, 8427 to 8436, 8440, 8448, 8473-4, 8475 to 8483, 8507 to 8511, 8517, 8521 to 8527, 8531, 8534, 8550 to 8559, 8561 to 8574, 8578 to 8589, 8592 to 8599, 8631, 8653 to 8666, 8718 to 8736, 8739 to 8748, 8753, 8755-6, 8763 to 8765, 8774-5, 8777, 8778, 8780, 8781, 8817-8, 8828 to 8831, 8840 to 8862, 8864, 8874-5, 8880-1, 8898-9, 8901, 8902, 8903, 8916 to 8919, 8921 to 8923, 8924 to 8928, 8931, 8933, 8935, 8976 to 8981, 9002, 9003, 9010 to 9014, 9016, 9026, 9029 to 9032, 9033 to 9035, 9037 to 9039, 9042 to 9044, 9054-5, 9087, 9088, 9089, 9101, 9102, 9119, 9122 to 9133, 9140, 9153, 9165 to 9168, 9190, 9192, 9217 to 9219, 9252, 9255, 9266, 9269, 9273, 9276, 9279, 9393, 9407 to 9410, 9412-13, 9419 to 9423, 9425 to 9427, 9432, 9499, 9501, 9526, 9527, 9528, 9530, 9533-4, 9535, 9538, 9539, 9540, 9542, 9547, 9575-6, 9592, 9593 to 9596, 9598 to 9604, 9606, 9607 to 9609, 9611 to 9619, 9628, 9630, 9632, 9644 to 9655, 9657 to 9665, 9666 to 9691, 9696, 9726 to 9730, 9810-11, 9869 to 9874, 9876, 9877, 9880 to 9889, 9891 to 9899, 9920, 9926, 9931, 9937, 9941, 9942-3, 9945-6, 9947, 9957, 9959-60, 9981, 9991, 10008, 10013, 10082 to 10091, 10092 and 10095-6. 28. The method of claim 27, characterized in that before and / or after an irradiation treatment, the powder is subjected to obtained at least one other treatment chosen from ammonia treatments, ether, cyanide, acid, heat treatments and treatments with another irradiation, the powder thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
215, 218, 221, 233-4, 278, 288, 296, 313, 336, 365, 387, 390-1, 400, 411, 465, 472-3, 482 to 484, 496, 585, 600, 614, 685, 694, 697 to 699, 703, 705, 708, 710, 721, 778 to 780, 793-4, 822, 860 to 862, 871-2, 883, 899, 903, 911, 922-3, 947, 985, 987-8, 991-2, 1012.1, 1012.2, 1012.3, 1013.2, 1023.1, 1027.a, 1027.b, 1027.c, 1097, 1250, 1349, 1434-5, 1459, 1466, 1510, 1523, 2031, 2173, 2228, 2311, 2363, 2365, 2492, 2939, 2981-2, 3155 to 3159, 3166, 3174, 3208, 3222, 3255, 3259, 3259.1, 3268, 3295, 3577-8, 3587-8, 3647, 3824, 3840, 3852, 3863, 3873-4, 3884, 3907, 3964, 3986-7, 4079 to 4081, 4105, 4117, 4135, 4139, 4154, 4159-60, 4165, 4175 to 4177, 4209, 4215, 4219, 4228 to 4240, 4248, 4252, 4288, 4293, 4297-8, 4439, 4445, 4448, 4456-7, 4459, 4463, 4465, 4467, 4482, 4498, 4506 to 4508, 4509, 4510, 4550, 4558, 4567, 4584, 4598, 4602, 4615, 4658, 4673, 4682-3, 4686, 4689, 4732-3, 4762-3, 4767, 4770, 4779, 4798, 4808, 4824, 4860-1, 4905, 4916, 4942, 4951, 4981, 5030, 5062-3, 5103-4, 5126, 5128-9, 5139, 5142, 5151, 5155, 5165, 5174, 5176, 5183 to 5185, 5195, 5198, 5206-7, 5212-13, 5236, 5238, 5241-2, 5287, 5294, 5325-6, 5329, 5336, 5341, 5382, 5416-17, 5419, 5420, 5422, 5433, 5441, 5463, 5502, 5552-3, 5597, 5623, 5629, 5630, 5632-3, 5657, 5719, 5734, 5752-3, 5760-1, 5767, 5778, 5792, 5798-9, 5800, 5831, 5848, 5851, 5864, 5912, 5937, 5939, 5965, 5967, 5971, 5975, 5979, 5993, 5997, 6009, 6012, 6015, 6024, 6032-3, 6042, 6059, 6060, 6066, 6069, 6073, 6076, 6084, 6111-2, 6136, 6209, 6218, 6243 to 6245, 6268, 6284, 6287, 6315, 6333, 6452-3, 6466, 6468-9, 6523, 6526, 6548, 6562, 6574, 6581, 6606, 6639, 6642-3, 6658, 6705, 6735, 6752, 6799, 6803.1, 6803.2, 6803.3, 6809.2, 6812, 6814.1, 6833.a, 6886, 6919 to 6921, 6955, 6995, 7006 to 7009, 7044, 7068, 7076, 7087, 7141, 7171-2, 7190, 7236, 7293-4, 7361, 7401-2, 7454-5, 7480, 7579, 7581, 7583, 7588, 7591-2, 7604, 7648, 7772-3, 7786, 7805, 7895, 7907-8, 7940, 7943, 7948, 7957-8, 7973 to 7975, 7983, 8009-10, 8016-17, 8024, 8032, 8034, 8068, 8085, 8095, 8106, 8120, 8137, 8201-2, 8225, 8237-8, 8242, 8250, 8255, 8265, 8299, 8300, 8301, 8335, 8345, 8377, 8422, 8472, 8488, 8529, 8533, 8537 to 8539, 8575, 8590, 8614, 8634, 8668, 8674, 8686, 8698, 8700, 8752, 8769 to 8771, 8870-1, 8911, 8947, 8991-2, 8997-8, 9019, 9027, 9036, 9040, 9056, 9065, 9074, 9154, 9177-8, 9184, 9220, 9224-5, 9236, 9238, 9250, 9282; 9288, 9317, 9328, 9354, 9362.1, 9363, 9365-6, 9433, 9532, 9626, 9704, 9751, 9753, 9800, 9809, 9814 to 9817, 9821 to 9824, 9839, 9859, 9861-2, 9878, 9900 to 9904, 9913, 9919.1, 9944, 10011, 10028 to 10032, 10036, 10038, 10067, 10093-4 and 10097-8. 29. Process for the preparation of a colored powder usable as pigment characterized in that a heat treatment is carried out on a mineral powder, the powder thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
3, 8, 46, 144, 149, 155, 159 to 162, 168, 170 to 173, 175, 177, 179, 181 at 183, 226, 315-6, 323, 325, 328, 330-1, 343, 362, 379, 380, 386, 389, 392, 396, 412, 455, 475.1, 479, 495, 502, 582, 591, 613, 700-1, 738, 746-7, 753, 815, 898, 1039, 1562, 1573 to 1576, 1617, 1657, 2185, 2342-3, 2466, 2742, 2958 to 2960, 2961-2, 2976 to 2979, 3034, 3046-7, 3058.1, 3058.2, 3108.1, 3149, 3149.1, 3149.2, 3149.3, 3149.4, 3150, 3150.1, 3150.2, 3150.3, 3150.4, 3151, 3151.1, 3152, 3258, 3357, 3372, 3375-6, 3403, 3507 to 3512, 3535, 3570, 3709, 3742, 3807 to 3810, 3834.1, 3842, 3893 to 3897, 3947, 3974, 3990, 4002 to 4006, 4048, 4050, 4061, 4066, 4067-8, 4074, 4118, 4124-5, 4129, 4172 to 4174, 4296, 4438, 4444, 4450, 4453, 4466, 4469, 4485, 4489, 4512, 4515, 4533, 4535 to 4539, 4554, 4568, 4573, 4597, 4599, 4646 to 4648, 4665-6, 4692, 4736, 4740, 4748-9, 4749.1, 4758-9, 4761, 4766, 4781-2, 4786 to 4793, 4797, 4814 to 4823, 4832 to 4838, 4846, 4908 to 4910, 4915, 4978 to 4980, 5005-6, 5020, 5040, 5093, 5093.1, 5093.2, 5095, 5099, 5149-50, 5168-9, 5171, 5203, 5209, 5231 to 5233, 5247-8, 5255, 5278 to 5281, 5291, 5293, 5324, 5361, 5370, 5449, 5518, 5522, 5581-2, 5607, 5658, 5709, 5716, 5722, 5740, 5777, 5826, 5879, 5972, 5981, 6038, 6114, 6174 to 6176, 6210 to 6212, 6276-7, 6386, 6397, 6454, 6463-4, 6508, 6549, 6559, 6634, 6644, 6700-1, 6749-50, 6843, 6865, 6887, 6898, 6908, 6918, 6990, 6992, 7027, 7046, 7170, 7206, 7225, 7237, 7239, 7278, 7291-2, 7316, 7318, 7340, 7344-5, 7347, 7392, 7396, 7441 to 7443, 7498-9, 7526, 7537, 7558, 7560, 7593, 7653, 7660, 7692, 7733, 7745, 7761, 7763-4, 7768-9, 7800-1, 7820-1, 7870, 7872, 7887, 7909 to 7912, 7933, 7970, 7991, 8005, 8025-6, 8138, 8205, 8241, 8293, 8343, 8374, 8406, 8410, 8437, 8451-2, 8493 to 8499, 8518-9, 8545 to 8548, 8608-9, 8623, 8638 to 8641, 8651-2, 8682, 8684-5, 8708-9, 8776, 8833, 9004 to 9007, 9041, 9045, 9048, 9147, 9183, 9212, 9214, 9226, 9234, 9280-1, 9301, 9307-8, 9313, 9336, 9346-7, 9353, 9362, 9375, 9383, 9405-6, 9471, 9496, 9529, 9578, 9631, 9643, 9656, 9703, 9735, 9762-3, 9774, 9779, 9790-1, 9794, 9796-7, 9801, 9803-4, 9808, 9825, 9858, 9860, 9923, 9936, 9938-9, 9958, 9963, 9969-70, 9976, 9990, 10020 to 10022, 10044, 10065, 10080, 10100 to 10103. 30. The method of claim 29, characterized in that one does undergo the heat treated powder at least one other treatment before and / or after the heat treatment, chosen from the treatments at ammonia, ether, cyanide or an acid, heat treatments and irradiation treatments, the powder thus prepared being chosen among those numbered as follows in Table I:
18, 20, 45, 49, 52, 84-5, 102, 116, 127, 137, 146, 215, 218, 221, 224, 233-4, 245, 252, 264-5, 274, 278, 282, 288, 296, 313, 317, 365, 371-2, 377, 384, 387, 390-1, 394, 400, 404, 411, 441, 449, 452-3, 465-6, 472-3, 496, 1360, 1412, 4257, 4267, 7293-4, 7302 to 7304, 7382, 8265, 8796, 9474, 9812-13, 9940, 9964 and 10045-6. 31. Process for preparing a colored powder usable as pigment, characterized in that a mineral powder is subjected to a acid treatment, said colored powder thus prepared being chosen among those numbered as follows in Table I:
2, 5, 7, 10, 15, 16, 23, 25, 27, 29, 43-4, 48, 51, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 76, 80, 87, 90, 93, 99, 101, 104, 108, 118, 121, 126, 132-3, 135, 141 to 143, 148, 164, 184, 186, 188, 191, 193, 195, 197, 231-2, 238, 242 to 244, 246, 258 to 261, 263, 268-9, 273, 275, 279, 286-7, 297, 318, 322, 332-3, 344, 360-1, 363, 366.1, 369, 374, 378, 385, 397, 408, 439, 440, 445, 447, 454, 456 to 458, 464, 470, 481.1, 494, 505, 558, 572-3, 590, 601, 606, 610-11, 620, 622, 638-9, 651, 654, 663, 682, 702, 711, 745, 886-7, 902, 935, 937-8, 946, 961 to 963, 966, 980-1, 986, 990, 1006, 1042, 1049, 1050, 1083, 1101, 1103, 1120-1, 1131, 1156, 1158, 1181, 1184, 1194, 1222, 1254-5, 1307, 1316-17, 1338, 1358, 1368, 1370, 1375, 1397 to 1399, 1402, 1408 to 1410, 1441, 1464-5, 1474-5, 1483, 1501, 1503, 1527, 1548, 1553, 1557, 1567, 1589, 1601-2, 1607, 1609, 1614-5, 1636, 1643, 1670, 1674, 1709, 1711, 1714, 1727-8, 1730, 1734 to 1736, 1776, 1778, 1815, 1861, 1885-6, 2016, 2019, 2022-3, 2032, 2040, 2047.1, 2048, 2056 to 2059, 2061, 2070, 2074, 2129, 2141, 2177, 2208, 2222, 2245, 2250, 2253, 2287, 2315, 2318-9, 2330, 2339, 2362, 2368, 2373 to 2376, 2381 to 2384, 2392, 2454, 2457-8, 2460, 2469, 2553-4, 2561 to 2563, 2566 to 2569, 2578-9, 2585, 2594, 2598, 2604 to 2607, 2618, 2628, 2637, 2640, 2647, 2653, 2656, 2658, 2661 to 2674, 2677-8, 2681-2, 2698, 2708, 2719, 2721, 2726, 2731-2, 2737-8, 2757-8, 2781-2, 2784-5, 2788, 2790, 2792, 2813-4, 2836, 2848, 2860, 2862, 2910, 2928, 2930, 2936, 2938, 2997, 2999, 3000-1, 3007, 3014-15, 3021, 3028, 3030-1, 3036, 3061, 3065, 3068-9, 3076, 3078, 3086, 3103-4, 3110-1, 3124, 3127, 3134, 3133a, 3135a, 3145, 3228, 3278, 3299, 3306-7, 3311, 3314 to 3323, 3325, 3328, 3343, 3345-6, 3345.1, 3348, 3355, 3374, 3380, 3382, 3398-9, 3401, 3430, 3450 to 3453, 3483, 3491, 3494, 3497, 3501-2, 3504-5, 3521-2, 3534, 3571, 3579, 3601 to 3605, 3641 to 3643, 3648 to 3652, 3656, 3662, 3664, 3672, 3674-5, 3678, 3705 to 3708, 3733, 3753, 3792, 3798 to 3800, 3849, 3915-16, 3918, 3989, 4001, 4009, 4011, 4015-16, 4085, 4091, 4095, 4115-16, 4121 to 4123, 4128, 4152, 4157, 4179, 4186, 4189, 4203, 4214, 4247, 4258, 4272, 4276, 4449, 4475, 4495, 4516, 4526, 4529 to 4531, 4582, 4661 to 4664, 4681, 4694-5, 4726-7, 4848, 4875, 4896, 5013, 5022, 5051, 5082, 5087 to 5092, 5135, 5175, 5196, 5252, 5282, 5290, 5300, 5311, 5357, 5374-5, 5377, 5385 to 5387, 5393, 5414, 5447, 5452, 5458, 5460, 5517, 5547, 5586, 5649, 5651, 5667-8, 5679, 5699, 5700, 5704 to 5706, 5718, 5739, 5786, 5815, 5856, 5859, 5904, 5908, 5928, 5938, 5943, 5960, 5974, 5977-8, 6062, 6077, 6142, 6426, 6433, 6448, 6451, 6457, 6475, 6484, 6498, 6509, 6520, 6528, 6539-40, 6564 to 6566, 6592, 6600, 6609, 6617, 6653, 6664, 6686, 6697, 6723, 6727, 6796 to 6798, 6805, 6862, 6890, 6928-9, 6970, 7024, 7060, 7072, 7177, 7192-3, 7200, 7204, 7214, 7216, 7218, 7232, 7234, 7245 to 7248, 7259, 7267, 7279, 7290, 7299, 7312, 7322, 7341-2, 7342.1, 7349, 7380-1, 7389-90, 7411, 7435-6, 7487, 7494, 7500, 7516, 7563, 7680, 7691, 7693, 7710, 7728, 7732, 7735-6, 7896, 7904, 7906, 8082, 8164, 8177, 8203, 8235, 8245, 8262, 8382, 8387, 8444, 8514-5, 8536, 8543-4, 8601, 8625, 8633, 8635-6, 8679-80, 8687, 8699, 8704, 8710, 8712-3, 8785, 8788 to 8790, 8825, 8863, 8872-3, 8876, 8894 to 8896, 8930, 8937 to 8939, 9105, 9112, 9137, 9152, 9169, 9170, 9210, 9229, 9235, 9239, 9247, 9251, 9256-7, 9261, 9285, 9287, 9294-5, 9305, 9318, 9320 to 9322, 9337, 9340, 9344-5, 9348 to 9350, 9352, 9359, 9370-1, 9376, 9382, 9437 to 9439, 9446, 9450, 9469, 9484, 9489, 9492, 9500, 9507-8, 9512, 9520, 9522, 9524, 9545, 9548-9, 9553, 9574, 9577, 9587, 9589, 9697, 9738, 9741 to 9743, 9747 to 9750, 9754, 9766, 9792, 9806, 9865, 9919, 9948, 9952-3, 9968, 9971, 9978-9, 9982, 10003 to 10005, 10014, 10024, 10027, 10051, 10054-5, 10057, 10063, 10070, 10073, 10075-6 and 10078. 32. Method according to claim 31, characterized in that one does undergo the acid-treated powder thus obtained at least one treatment ulterior chosen from treatments with ammonia, ether, cyanide or a other acid, heat treatments and radiation treatments, powder thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in the Table I:
74, 123, 139, 199, 200, 203, 205, 209, 219, 220, 222, 229, 230, 271, 314, 345, 349, 350, 358, 364, 370, 383, 398-9, 409, 448, 451, 460, 463, 478, 493, 500, 504, 506 to 508, 529, 561, 566, 580, 602, 612, 616, 618-9, 623, 632-3, 650, 652, 660, 675, 677, 683, 686, 706-7, 749, 751, 765, 767 to 776, 784 to 786, 889, 913, 983, 1007, 1009, 1027.2, 1040, 1050.1, 1070.1, 1082, 1083.1, 1095, 1122, 1130, 1132 to 1134, 1143 to 1151, 1154, 1157, 1161.1, 1162 to 1165, 1189, 1205, 1214, 1216-7, 1227, 1247-8, 1298, 1299, 1306, 1318, 1334 to 1337, 1339, 1350, 1356-7, 1365 to 1367, 1372-3, 1,396, 1431 to 1433, 1457-8, 1460, 1470, 1473, 1489-90, 1498, 1511, 1515, 1541, 1549, 1558, 1560-1, 1577-8, 1581, 1610, 1631, 1637, 1640, 1642, 1647, 1658 to 1669, 1673, 1683-4, 1708, 1710, 1712-3, 1724 to 1726, 1732-3, 1737, 1805-6, 1859-60, 1870, 1882, 1884, 1903, 1921, 1992, 2002, 2012, 2030, 2033, 2051, 2055, 2066, 2069, 2071-2, 2084, 2100, 2116 to 2119, 2171-2, 2175, 2189, 2190, 2203 to 2205, 2223, 2249, 2251, 2254-5, 2257-8, 2281, 2288, 2308, 2310, 2313, 2328, 2331, 2334, 2336, 2364, 2372, 2377, 2379, 2393-4, 2407, 2409 to 2411, 2413, 2416-7, 2452, 2461, 2463-4, 2467, 2471, 2557, 2575, 2577, 2580 to 2582, 2584, 2586, 2608, 2610-11, 2613 to 2617, 2620 to 2625, 2641, 2644, 2646, 2648-9, 2651, 2657, 2675, 2680, 2694 to 2696, 2699, 2701, 2716, 2718, 2720, 2733-4, 2754, 2789, 2842-3, 2853, 2861, 2878, 2884, 2887, 2899, 2900, 2907-8, 2919, 2937, 2943 to 2946, 2985, 2988, 2993-4, 2998, 3002, 3010, 3016-7, 3026-7, 3029, 3033, 3037, 3060, 3067, 3074, 3081 to 3083, 3087, 3090, 3107, 3109, 3116 to 3119, 3122, 3125-6, 3128 to 3133, 3136, 3134a, 3137a, 3139-40, 3143, 3146, 3169, 3177, 3199, 3217, 3220, 3227, 3269 to 3272, 3296 to 3298, 3305, 3312-3, 3336, 3344, 3350, 3360, 3384, 3396-7, 3402, 3419, 3421, 3436, 3438, 3441, 3448, 3484, 3492, 3537, 3558, 3561, 3563, 3572, 3581, 3613, 3617-8, 3630, 3635-6, 3665, 3668, 3670, 3673, 3676-7, 3680 to 3682, 3687-8, 3690, 3692 to 3694, 3,713, 3718-9, 3722, 3727, 3731-2, 3741, 3755, 3763-4, 3794, 3796, 3820 to 3823, 3825, 3838, 3845-6, 3851, 3854-5, 3872, 3876, 3892, 3898-9, 3906, 3917, 3938-9, 3946, 3948-9, 3955-6, 3958, 3968-9, 3984, 4026, 4069-70, 4086, 4092 to 4094, 4114, 4127, 4140, 4168, 4178, 4182 to 4185, 4187, 4191-2, 4223, 4280 to 4283, 4393, 4401, 4420, 4428, 4437, 4443, 4458, 4464, 4472, 4476, 4478, 4480, 4484, 4488, 4499, 4500, 4527, 4532, 4551, 4553, 4565, 4596, 4601, 4605 to 4607, 4617, 4640, 4672, 4690, 4697, 4709, 4710-11, 4716, 4719, 4722 to 4725, 4754-5, 4757, 4800-1, 4809, 4845, 4857, 4870, 4882-3, 4889, 4906-7, 4911-12, 4921-2, 4944, 4949-50, 4968, 4982, 4993, 5001, 5004, 5008-9, 50011-12, 5016, 5021, 5036, 5043, 5047, 5049-50, 5053-4, 5096, 5136, 5140, 5157, 5159-60, 5164, 5181, 5204-5, 5208, 5210, 5214-5, 5217-8, 5220 to 5224, 5229, 5234, 5237, 5251, 5283, 5306, 5308, 5312, 5319, 5323, 5327-8, 5330, 5332, 5342-3, 5345-6, 5368-9, 5371, 5378, 5384, 5388 to 5390, 5395 to 5397, 5415, 5424-5, 5427, 5431-2, 5434 to 5438, 5443, 5446, 5464, 5466, 5473-4, 5494, 5503, 5505 to 5507, 5521, 5528, 5544, 5549, 5554, 5574-5, 5583, 5593 to 5596, 5601-2, 5606, 5614, 5618-9, 5622, 5624, 5628, 5634-5, 5665, 5689, 5695, 5702, 5710-11, 5713, 5717, 5721, 5726-7, 5729 to 5731, 5735, 5737, 5741, 5743-4, 5749, 5754 to 5756, 5763, 5765, 5770, 5774, 5779-80, 5783, 5789, 5791, 5794-5, 5801 to 5807, 5820, 5822-3, 5828, 5832 to 5834, 5836, 5874, 5884, 5922, 5923, 5932, 59.34, 5936, 5952, 5954, 5957-8, 5968-9, 5982-3, 5996, 6000, 6005, 6017, 6025-6, 6028, 6030-1, 6037, 6041, 6052, 6057, 6063, 6075, 6078, 6081 to 6083, 6089-90, 6092, 6113, 6115, 6131-2, 6134, 6154, 6159 to 6162, 6187, 6189, 6205, 6214 to 6217, 6233, 6246, 6271, 6289 to 6291, 62.96, 6334, 6387 to 6389, 6442, 644.4, 6447, 6462, 6480, 6483, 6486-7, 6522, 6551-2, 6563, 6580, 6584, 6586, 6591, 6596-7, 6603, 6607, 6615, 6619, 6622, 6632-3, 6637-8, 6645, 6659 to 6661, 6663, 6665 to 6669, 6671 to 6673, 6675, 6682, 6684-5, 6687, 6692, 6703, 6709, 6711, 6724 to 6726, 6729-30, 6733, 6745, 6801, 6803, 6813, 6893, 6897, 6926, 6975, 7136, 7168, 7185, 7199, 7201, 7209, 7241, 7339, 7346, 7363, 7400, 7491, 7497, 7511, 7515, 7528, 7540-1, 7546 to 7548, 7561, 7572 to 7574, 7576-7, 7590, 7600 to 7602, 7615, 7623, 7626, 7650, 7658, 7663, 7666-7, 7672-3, 7679, 7694, 7727, 7766-7, 7776, 7778, 7809, 7824-5, 7885, 7894, 7897, 7905, 7949, 7969, 7989, 8012, 8031, 8035, 8037-8, 8105, 8107, 8119, 8124-5, 8127, 8143, 8151, 8163, 8243, 8260, 8263, 8296, 8303, 8310, 8331, 8344, 8355, 8369, 8372, 8380-1, 8450, 8463, 8466, 8485-6, 8513, 8535, 8591, 8611-2, 8627, 8671-2, 8675, 8683, 8701, 8766-7, 8772, 8784, 8787, 8827, 8878, 8932, 8934, 9022, 9057-8, 9104, 9106, 9176, 9215-6, 9258-9, 9268, 9271, 9277, 9329, 9334, 9418, 9451 to 9463, 9470, 9486, 9498, 9537, 9550, 9622-3, 9702, 9720 to 9725, 9827, 9840, 9851, 9864, 9866, 9868, 9917-8, 9934, 10010, 10015 to 10019, 10081 and 10104. 33. Method according to claim 31, characterized in that prior to its acid treatment, the mineral powder is subjected to at minus another treatment chosen from chemical treatments with another acid, ammonia, ether or cyanide, treatments thermal, irradiation treatments, the powder thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
18, 20-1, 31, 45, 49, 52, 84-5, 88, 95, 102, 106, 114, 116, 120, 127, 137, 224, 245, 252, 257, 264-5, 274, 282, 317, 371-2, 377, 384, 394, 404, 441, 449, 452-3, 466, 471, 488, 604, 629, 641, 644, 655, 658, 676, 678, 739 to 742, 816, 836, 888, 925, 933, 939-40, 945, 952, 967 to 979, 989, 1041, 1081, 1155, 1173, 1191, 1218 to 1220, 1242, 1446, 1469, 1481, 1547, 1555, 1565-6, 1579, 1644, 2137, 2361, 2380, 2390, 2453, 2596, 2609, 2652, 2659, 2714, 2791, 2858-9, 2863, 2963 to 2969, 2974, 3003, 3048 to 3058, 3066, 3072-3, 3077, 3084-5, 3108, 3144, 3147, 3193-4, 3326-7, 3329 to, 3333, 3351, 3356, 3358, 3371, 3373, 3389, 3443, 3455, 3490.1, 3490.2, 3490.3, 3490.4, 3490.5, 3529, 3533, 3538-9, 3543, 3545-6, 3546.1, 3589, 3598 to 3600, 3657 to 3659, 3663, 3666, 3671, 3679, 3683, 3698-9, 3702-3, 3714 to 3716, 3744 to 3746, 3754, 3793, 3801, 3804-5, 3857 to 3860, 3877, 3903, 3913, 3919 to 3926, 3966, 3971, 4014, 4019, 4029, 4053, 4065, 4073, 4084, 4090, 4113, 4155-6, 4188, 4202, 4218, 4220, 4224, 4257, 4267, 4275, 4286-7, 4410-11, 4419, 4517, 4559, 4604, 4618, 4656, 4669, 4728, 4751 to 4753, 4760, 4768, 4794-5, 4811 to 4813, 4842-3, 4854 to 4856, 4867, 4876, 4919-20, 5070, 5084 to 5086, 5094, 5100 to 5102, 5124, 5170, 5173, 5243, 5257, 5516, 5580, 5591, 5650, 5687, 5701, 5816, 5821, 5825, 5839, 5862, 5907, 5916, 5941, 5946, 5953, 5955, 5984, 6146, 6179 to 6183, 6188; 6207, 6437, 6465, 6471, 6488 to 6492, 6500, 6516 to 6519, 6674, 6689, 6718, 6721, 6728, 6731, 6807 to 6809, 6894, 6977, 7070, 7187 to 7189, 7191, 721 1, 7238, 7256-7, 7276, 7285 to 7289, 7311, 7315, 7372, 7395, 7405, 7410, 7412-3, 7415-6, 7463-4, 7469, 7493, 7504, 7543, 7676, 7711, 7751, 7792, 7865, 7972, 7985, 8046, 8132, 8178, 8229, 8386, 8624, 8642, 8676, 9009, 9084, 9113-4, 9211, 9240, 9284, 9286, 9291 to 9293, 9343, 9358, 9361, 9366, 9368-9, 9372, 9386, 9444, 9491, 9719, 9732, 9916, 9932, 9940, 9951, 9980, 10056 and 10071-2. 34. Method according to claim 31, characterized in that both before and after its acid treatment, the mineral powder is subjected to minus another treatment chosen from chemical treatments with another acid, ammonia, ether or cyanide, treatments thermal and irradiation treatments, the powder then obtained being numbered as follows in Table I:
198, 201, 211-2, 217, 283-4, 312, 401 to 403, 444, 642-3, 687, 750, 792, 906, 1512, 1590, 1608, 1616, 1738, 2053, 2232, 2282, 2314, 2412, 2420, 2595, 2597, 2740-1, 2747, 2831, 2838, 2876-7, 2885, 2897, 2952, 2975, 3008-9, 3011, 3032, 3075, 3136a, 3138a, 3141, 3148, 3179, 3285, 3308, 3340 to 3342, 3347, 3359, 3391, 3423 to 3427, 3439, 3454, 3474, 3503, 3560, 3562, 3580, 3597, 3614, 3628, 3638-9, 3669, 3696-7, 3712, 3723 to 3726, 3743, 3747, 3802-3, 3826, 3843, 3861, 3909, 3943, 3952 to 3954, 3957, 3965, 4013, 4028, 4051, 4077, 4082, 4106-7, 4143, 4167, 4221-2, 4225, 4260, 4273-4, 4294-5, 4421 to 4424, 4429, 4442, 4454, 4496-7, 4518, 4524-5, 4528, 4548, 4552, 4555-6, 4561, 4608, 4622, 4657, 4670, 4678, 4734, 4769, 4825 to 4830, 4840, 4868-9, 4877, 4880, 4903, 4913-4, 4928, 4941, 5046, 5061, 5064, 5153, 5158, 5179-80, 5189, 5197, 5219, 5228, 5272, 5334-5, 5355, 5381, 5391-2, 5394, 5413, 5508, 5550, 5556, 5598, 5608, 5611, 5613, 5621, 5636, 5661-2, 5690, 5728, 5736, 5776, 5796, 5824, 5827, 5861, 5863, 5869, 5872, 5878, 5881, 5915, 5959, 5963, 5973, 5980, 6018-9, 6071, 6086-7, 6091, 6116, 6118, 6137, 6158, 6192-3, 6270, 6280, 6292, 6390, 6472-3, 6501, 6510, 6514, 6536, 6545-6, 6554, 6570, 6576, 6583, 6585, 6595, 6598, 6604-5, 6610, 6654-5, 6657, 6683, 6690-1, 6693, 6706-7, 6710, 6712, 6719-20, 6732, 6736, 6876, 6988, 7045, 7088, 7167, 7179, 7205, 7240, 7242, 7326, 7362, 7388, 7403, 7417-8, 7470, 7492, 7514, 7578, 7588, 7598, 7611, 7625, 7652, 7659, 7670, 7675, 7678, 7803, 7826, 7889, 7927, 7959, 7966, 7977, 7995 to 7997, 8001, 8040, 8047, 8070, 8211, 8228, 8246 to 8248, 8258, 8291, 8294-5, 8304, 8333, 8373, 8375, 8610, 8791, 8879, 8904, 8929, 9142-3, 9221, 9621, 9624, 9765, 9778, 9933, 9975, 10012, 10042 and 10060. 35. Process for preparing a colored powder usable as pigment, characterized in that a mineral powder is subjected to a cyanide treatment, the powder thus prepared being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
1359, 2626 and 4151. 36. Process for preparing a colored powder usable as pigment, characterized in that a mineral powder is subjected to a chemical treatment with ammonia or ether, the powder then obtained being chosen from those numbered as follows in Table I:
187, 335, 446, 485-6, 583.1, 1024, 1071.1, 1152, 1195 to 1204, 1281, 1361 to 1363, 1436 to 1439, 1669.1, 2234 to 2237, 3004-5, 4163-4, 4892-3, 5362, 5399, 5400, 5461, 5693, 9223, 9245, 9274-5, 9283, 9487-8.