CA2178464C - Stroller with shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame - Google Patents
Stroller with shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frameInfo
- Publication number
- CA2178464C CA2178464C CA 2178464 CA2178464A CA2178464C CA 2178464 C CA2178464 C CA 2178464C CA 2178464 CA2178464 CA 2178464 CA 2178464 A CA2178464 A CA 2178464A CA 2178464 C CA2178464 C CA 2178464C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- stroller
- frame
- seat member
- unit
- frame unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
- B62B7/00—Carriages for children; Perambulators, e.g. dolls' perambulators
- B62B7/04—Carriages for children; Perambulators, e.g. dolls' perambulators having more than one wheel axis; Steering devices therefor
- B62B7/14—Carriages for children; Perambulators, e.g. dolls' perambulators having more than one wheel axis; Steering devices therefor with detachable or rotatably-mounted body
- B62B7/142—Means for securing the body to the frame
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
- B62B9/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for children's carriages or perambulators
- B62B9/10—Perambulator bodies; Equipment therefor
- B62B9/102—Perambulator bodies; Equipment therefor characterized by details of the seat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
- B62B2205/00—Hand-propelled vehicles or sledges being foldable or dismountable when not in use
- B62B2205/20—Catches; Locking or releasing an articulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
- B62B9/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for children's carriages or perambulators
- B62B9/18—Resilient suspensions of bodies
- B62B9/185—Resilient suspensions of bodies by springs between seat and frame
Abstract
A stroller includes a wheeled stroller frame with a handle unit for pushing the stroller frame, and a seat member mounted on the stroller frame. The stroller frame has a pair of horizontal linking plates on two sides of the seat member. A shock absorbing device includes a frame unit disposed between the linking plates and mounted swingably on the linking plates, and a spring unit. The frame unit is movable relative to the linking plates in a first direction, wherein the frame unit swings forwardly and downwardly, and in a second direction, wherein the frame unit swings rearwardly and upwardly. The spring unit interconnects the frame unit and the linking plates and biases the frame unit in the second direction. The seat member has a seat portion with a bottom side that is provided with a mounting unit for mounting the seat member on the frame unit of the shock absorbing device.
Description
STROLLER WITH SHOCX ABSORBING DEVICE FOR MOUNTING
A SEAT MEMBER ON A STROLLER FRAME
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
l. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a stroller, more particularly to a stroller with a shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame.
A SEAT MEMBER ON A STROLLER FRAME
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
l. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a stroller, more particularly to a stroller with a shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame.
2. Description of the Related Art A conventional stroller includes a stroller frame and a seat member on the stroller frame. The stroller frame has a bottom end provided with casters, and includes a handle unit for pushing the stroller frame.
Brake devices, direction guiding devices and devices for guarding against untimely folding of the strollers are usually installed to ensure safety of a child seated on the stroller. It is noted that movement of the stroller along a rough surface can cause discomfort to the child on the stroller. Therefore, some strollers have front casters which incorporate a shock absorbing device to reduce the vibrations that result when the stroller is in motion. However, the vibrations experienced by the stroller do not come entirely from the front casters. Thus, the shock absorbing effect in such conventional strollers is severely limited.
The seat member may be formed as an integral part of the stroller frame. Alternatively, the seat member may be formed as a separate device which is mounted 2178~64 , securely on the stroller frame. Thus, the seat member cannot be conveniently disassembled from the stroller frame of the conventional stroller for cleaning purposes.
Most strollers are seldom used when the wind is blowing in a direction facing the child on the conventional stroller to prevent the child from catching a cold. This is due to the drawback that the seat member cannot be turned relative to the stroller frame to shield the child from the wind since the seat member is mounted securely on the stroller frame.
However, there is a stroller frame with a modified handle unit which can be pivoted so as to extend forwardly or rearwardly according to the wind direction in order to shield the child from the wind.
Unfortunately, a change in the direction of the handle unit results in a change in the positions of the front and rear casters on the stroller frame. This results in ineffective operation of the direction guiding devices on the front casters and in inconvenient operation of the latch mechanisms on the rear casters.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a stroller with a shock absorbing device that is capable of effectively absorbing shock when the stroller is in motion.
21784~4 More particularly, the object of the present invention is to provide a stroller with a shock absorbing device which mounts a seat member on a stroller frame so as to effectively absorb shock when s the stroller is in motion.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a stroller with a detachable seat member which can be conveniently mounted on the stroller frame in either of two opposing directions.
According to the present invention, a stroller includes a wheeled stroller frame with a handle unit for pushing the stroller frame, and a seat member mounted on the stroller frame. The stroller frame has a pair of horizontal linking plates on two sides of the seat member. A shock absorbing device includes a frame unit disposed between the linking plates and mounted swingably on the linking plates, and a spring unit. The frame unit is movable relative to the linking plates in a first direction, wherein the frame unit swings forwardly and downwardly, and in a second direction, wherein the frame unit swings rearwardly and upwardly.
The spring unit interconnects the frame unit and the linking plates and biases the frame unit in the second direction. The seat member has a seat portion with a bottom side that is provided with a mounting unit for mounting the seat member on the frame unit of the shock absorbing device.
- 2178~64 The frame unit includes parallel front and rear rod members which extend between the linking plates. Each of the front and rear rod members has a pair of bent leg portions connected pivotally and respectively to the linking plates. The frame unit further includes two side plate members, each of which has two ends connected respectively to the front and rear rod members.
The spring unit includes two extension springs, each of which has a first end connected to a respective one of the linking plates and a second end connected to the front rod member of the frame unit.
Preferably, the mounting unit on the seat portion of the seat member mounts detachably the seat member on the frame unit, and includes at least one hook unit for engaging one of the front and rear rod members of the frame unit. The mounting unit further includes a spring-loaded retaining device for engaging releasably the other one of the front and rear rod members of the frame unit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:
Figure 1 is a partly exploded, perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of a stroller according 2178~4 to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a partly exploded, schematic view of the first preferred embodiment;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a shock absorbing 5device of the first preferred embodiment;
Figure 4 is a schematic view which illustrates the assembly of the shock absorbing device;
Figure 5 is an exploded view of a spring-loaded retaining device of the first preferred embodiment;
10Figure 6 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device when in an engaging state;
Figure 7 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device, taken along line VII-VII in Figure 6;
15Figure 8 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device when in a disengaging state;
Figure 9 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device, taken along line IX-IX in Figure 8;
20Figure 10 is a schematic view which illustrates the operation of the shock absorbing device when the stroller is in motion;
Figure 11 is a schematic view of the second preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the 25present invention; and Figure 12 is a schematic view of the third preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present lnventlon .
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Before the present invention is described in greater detail, it should be noted that like elements are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the disclosure.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the first preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present invention is shown to comprise a stroller frame 1, a seat member 3, and a shock absorbing device 2 for mounting the seat member 3 on the stroller frame 1.
The stroller frame 1 is foldable and is generally similar to that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,417,450 by the applicant. The stroller frame 1 includes two front support members 11, two rear support members 13, and two connectors 12, each of which connects pivotally one of the front support members 11 to one of the rear support members 13. Front and rear axles 111, 131 extend between the front and rear support members 11, 13, respectively. A caster 14 is mounted rotatably on each end of the front and rear axles 111, 131. Each of two pivot shafts 16 has a bottom end provided with a slide piece 15 which straddles a respective one of the rear support members 13. Each of two horizontal linking plates 17 has a first end connected to one of the pivot shafts 16 and a second end connected to the top end of one of the rear support members 13. The seat member 3 21784~
.
is to be disposed between the linking plates 17. Each of two connecting plates 161 has a first end connected to one of the front support members 13 and a second end connected to one of the pivot shafts 16. Each of the linking plates 17 has a horizontal portion 171 which extends between the rear support member 13 and the pivot shaft 16, a forwardly and upwardly inclining portion 172 which extends from a front end of the horizontal portion 171 and which is connected pivotally to the rear support member 13, and a rearwardly and upwardly inclining portion 173 which extends from a rear end of the horizontal portion 171 and which is connected pivotally to the pivot shaft 16. The stroller frame 1 further includes a handle unit 18 with lower end portions connected pivotally and respectively to the slide pieces 15. A catch mechanism 19, similar to that employed in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No.
5,417,450, is installed to retain releasably the stroller frame 1 in an unfolded position, thereby avoiding accidental folding of the stroller frame 1.
As shown in Figure 3, the shock absorbing device 2 is disposed between the linking plates 17 and includes a frame unit 20, a spring unit constituted by two springs 21, and two cover pieces 22.
The frame unit 20 includes parallel front and rear rod members 23, 24 which extend between and which are transverse to the linking plates 17. The front rod - 2178~6 1 member 23 has a pair of bent leg portions 231, each of which is connected pivotally to a front part of the horizontal portion 171 of a respective one of the linking plates 17 by means of a corresponding rivet 25.
The rear rod member 24 has a pair of bent leg portions 241, each of which is connected pivotally to a rear part of the horizontal portion 171 of a respective one of the linking plates 17 by means of a corresponding rivet 26. The frame unit 20 further includes two side plate members 28, each of which has two ends provided with a respective connector 27 for connection with one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24. Each connector 27 has a sleeve portion 271 to be sleeved on the corresponding one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24 and is formed with a slot 272 for receiving one end of the respective one of side plate members 28.
Pins 281 secure the connectors 27 onto the side plate members 28.
Each of the springs 21 has a first hook end portion 211 which engages the front rod member 23 and a second hook end portion 212 which engages an intermediate part of the horizontal portion 171 of a respective one of the linking plates 17. Each of the cover pieces 22 covers a respective one of the linking plates 17 and has an inner side formed with a projection 221 that rests on top of an adjacent one of the side plate members 28. When installed, the frame unit 20 is swingable relative to the linking plates 17 in a first direction, wherein the frame unit 20 swings downwardly and forwardly, and a second direction, wherein the frame unit 20 swings upwardly and rearwardly.
Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the seat member 3 is installed on the frame unit 20 of the shock absorbing device 2. The seat member 3 has a seat portion 31, a backrest portion 32 connected pivotally to a rear end of the seat portion 31, and a pair of armrests 33 disposed respectively on opposite sides of the seat portion 31. A guard rail 331 has two ends connected to front ends of the armrests 33 for safety purposes. The seat portion 31 has a bottom side with a front part which is provided with a pair of hook units 311 (only one is shown). Each hook unit 311 has a slit 312 for engaging one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24.
The bottom side of the seat portion 31 further has a rear part provided with a spring-loaded retaining device 34 for engaging the other one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24. The hook units 311 and the retaining device 34 constitute a mounting unit for mounting detachably the seat member 3 on the frame unit 20.
Referring to Figure 5, the retaining device 34 includes a housing 341 which is mounted on the rear part of the bottom side of the seat portion 31 by means of bolts 340. The housing 341 includes a rectangular 2178~G 4 base plate 3411, a surrounding wall 3412 which extends upwardly from a periphery of the base plate 3411, and a transverse partition wall 3413 which extends between front and rear portions of the surrounding wall 3412 so as to divide the space cooperatively confined by the base plate 3411 and the surrounding wall 3412 into left and right chambers 3414. Each of a pair of retaining blocks 342 is disposed in a respective one of the chambers 3414. Each of the chambers 3414 further has a first spring member 343, a press piece 344 and a second spring member 345 disposed therein.
The front portion of the surrounding wall 3412 is formed with a pair of front notches 3415 on two sides of the-partition plate 3413. The base plate 3411 is formed with two pairs of slits 3416 which are parallel to and which are disposed on two sides of the partition plate 3413. Each of the slits 3416 extends rearwardly from the respective one of the front notches 3415. The surrounding wall 3412 further has opposite side portions which are respectively formed with a side notch 3417. The base plate 3411 is further formed with a pair of upwardly extending contact plates 3418, each of which is disposed adjacent to a respective one of the side notches 3417 in the surrounding wall 3412.
Each of the retaining blocks 342 has a rear portion which is formed with a blind bore 3421 and a front portion 3422 which extends through a respective one of the front notches 3415 in the surrounding wall 3412 and which has an upwardly curving bottom face 3423. Each of the retaining blocks 342 is further formed with a pair of guide projections 3424 which slidably engage a respective pair of slits 3416 in the base plate 3411.
The front portion 3422 of each of the retaining blocks 342 has a top face formed with a widthwise extending groove 3425 for engaging the other one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24.
lo The rear portion of each of the retaining blocks 342 is further formed with a sideward hook projection 3426 that extends toward an adjacent one of the side notches 3417 in the surrounding wall 3412. The hook projection 3426 has a first inclined face 3427 and a first shoulder 3428 on an innermost end of the first inclined face 3427.
Each first spring member 343 has a first end portion which extends into the blind bore 3421 in a respective one of the retaining blocks 342, and a second end portion which abuts against the rear portion of the surrounding wall 3412.
Each press piece 344 has an engaging portion adjacent to a respective one of the contact plates 3418 and formed with a blind bore 3441. Each second spring member 345 has a first end portion which abuts against a respective one of the contact plates 3418 and a second end portion which extends into the blind bore 217~g6~ .
-3441 of a respective one of the press pieces 344. Each press piece 344 further has an operating portion 3442 wider than and opposite to the engaging portion thereof. The engaging portion of each press piece 344 is formed with a second inclined face 3440 that abuts against the first inclined face 3427 of the hook projection 3426 on the respective one of the retaining blocks 342 and a second shoulder 3443 on an innermost end of the second inclined face 3440 for engaging the first shoulder 3428 of the hook projection 3426.
Referring to Figures 4 and 6, when installing the seat member 3 in a first direction, the seat member 3 is provided on top of the frame unit 20 of the shock absorbing device 2 and is pulled rearwardly such that the hook units 311 engage the front rod member 23. The seat member 3 is then pressed downwardly to enable the retaining device 34 to engage releasably the rear rod member 24, thereby mounting the seat member 3 on the stroller frame 1.
As shown in Figures 4, 6 and 7, when the seat mémber 3 is disposed on the frame unit 20, the rear rod member 24 initially abuts against the bottom faces 3423 of the front portions 3422 of the retaining blocks 342. Thus, when the seat member 3 is pressed.downwardly, the rear rod member 24 moves along the bottom faces 3423 and pushes the retaining blocks 342 into the housing 341 against biasing action of the first spring members 343.
217846 i Once the rear rod member 24 has moved past the bottom faces 3423, the first spring members 343 expand such that the rear rod member 24 is retained within the grooves 3425 in the top faces of the front portions 3422 of the retaining blocks 342.
Referring to Figures 6, 8 and 9, when it is desired to detach the seat member 3 from the stroller frame 1, the press pieces 344 are pressed inwardly against biasing action of the second spring members 345. At this time, the second inclined faces 3440 on the press pieces 344 move along the first inclined faces 3427 of the hook projections 3426 on the retaining blocks 342, thereby resulting in movement of the retaining blocks 342 inwardly of the housing 341 against the biasing action of the first spring members 343. The second shoulders 3443 on the press pieces 344 eventually engage the first shoulders 3428 of the hook projections 3426, and the retaining blocks 342 cease to engage the rear rod member 24. The seat member 3 can be lifted from the frame unit 20 at this time. When the seat member 3 is lifted from the frame unit 20, the rear rod member 24 once again abuts against the bottom faces 3423 of the front portions 3422 of the retaining blocks 342 and pushes the retaining blocks 342 further into the housing 341 against the biasing action of the first spring members 343. The second shoulders 3443 disengage the first shoulders 3428, thereby permitting expansion 217~64 of the second spring members 345 to return the press pieces 344 to their normal positions. When the rear rod member 24 ceases to abut against the bottom faces 3423, the first spring members 343 expand to return the retaining blocks 342 to their normal positions, i.e.
from the positions in Figure 8 to the positions in Figure 6. At this time, the seat member 3 can be mounted on the stroller frame 1 in an opposite direction, wherein the hook units 311 engage the rear rod member 24 while the retaining device 34 engages releasably the front rod member 23. The steps for mounting the seat member 3 on the stroller frame 1 in the opposite direction are similar to those described beforehand and will not be repeated herein.
Referring once more to Figure 4, when a child is not seated on the seat member 3, the springs 21 bias the frame unit 20 in the second direction, i.e. the frame unit 20 swings upwardly and rearwardly. As shown in - Figure 10, when a child is seated on the seat member 3 and the stroller moves along a rough surface, the shock experienced by the stroller frame 1 results in swinging of the frame unit 20 about the rivets 25, 26 in the first direction. Since the springs 21 provide resistance to swinging of the frame unit 20, the shock that is transmitted to the seat member 3 by the stroller frame 1 can be minimized.
Figure 11 illustrates the second preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present invention. The second preferred embodiment is generally similar to the first preferred embodiment, the main difference residing in the configuration of the stroller frame 4. The stroller frame 4 includes two front support members 41, two rear support members 43, and two connectors 42, each of which connects pivotally one of the front support members 41 to one of the rear support members 43. Front and rear casters 411, 431 are mounted rotatably on bottom ends of the front and rear support members 41, 43, respectively. The two ends of a handle unit 45 are mounted on connecting seats 44 which are respectively provided at the top end of each of the front support members 41. Each of a pair of rear linking rods 46 interconnects one of the connecting seats 44 and one of the rear support members 43. Each of a pair of front linking rods 48 has a first end connected pivotally to a respective one of the rear support members 43. Each of a pair of linking plates 47 connects pivotally one of the connecting seats 44 and a second end of one of the front linking rods 48.
Installation of the shock absorbing device 2 on the linking plates 47, and of the seat member 3 on the shock absorbing device 2 are similar to those of the first preferred embodiment and will not be described further.
217~46 1 Figure 12 illustrates the third preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present invention. The third preferred embodiment is generally similar to the previous embodiments, the main difference residing in the configuration of the stroller frame 6. The stroller frame 6 includes left and right frame parts 61 and a handle unit 62. Each of the frame parts 61 includes a base frame member 611, a pair of connectors 612 provided respectively on upwardly curving ends of the base frame member 611, and forwardly and rearwardly extending frame members 613, 614 connected pivotally at intermediate portions thereof. Each of the frame members 613, 614 has a lower end connected pivotally to one of the connectors 612. A linking plate 615 has two ends connected pivotally to upper ends of the frame members 613, 614. The handle unit 62 is connected to the upper ends of the rearwardly extending frame members 614 of the frame parts 61. Front and rear axles 617 interconnect the base frame members 611 of the left and right frame parts 61. A caster 618 is mounted rotatably on each end of the axles 617. Installation of the shock absorbing device 2 on the linking plates 615, and of the seat member 3 on the shock absorbing device 2 are similar to those of the first preferred embodiment and will not be described further.
Note that the specific configuration of the stroller frame is not critical to the present invention. The shock absorbing device 2 can be used with any stroller frame, as long as there are two linking plates on opposite sides of the seat member. In addition, although the retaining device 34 in the disclosed embodiments includes a pair of retaining blocks 342, a pair of press pieces 344, a pair of first spring members 343 and a pair of second spring members 345, a retaining device with only one retaining block, one press piece, one first spring member and one second spring member may be used to achieve the same purpose.
While the present invention has been described in connection with what is considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that this invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to cover various arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent arrangements.
Brake devices, direction guiding devices and devices for guarding against untimely folding of the strollers are usually installed to ensure safety of a child seated on the stroller. It is noted that movement of the stroller along a rough surface can cause discomfort to the child on the stroller. Therefore, some strollers have front casters which incorporate a shock absorbing device to reduce the vibrations that result when the stroller is in motion. However, the vibrations experienced by the stroller do not come entirely from the front casters. Thus, the shock absorbing effect in such conventional strollers is severely limited.
The seat member may be formed as an integral part of the stroller frame. Alternatively, the seat member may be formed as a separate device which is mounted 2178~64 , securely on the stroller frame. Thus, the seat member cannot be conveniently disassembled from the stroller frame of the conventional stroller for cleaning purposes.
Most strollers are seldom used when the wind is blowing in a direction facing the child on the conventional stroller to prevent the child from catching a cold. This is due to the drawback that the seat member cannot be turned relative to the stroller frame to shield the child from the wind since the seat member is mounted securely on the stroller frame.
However, there is a stroller frame with a modified handle unit which can be pivoted so as to extend forwardly or rearwardly according to the wind direction in order to shield the child from the wind.
Unfortunately, a change in the direction of the handle unit results in a change in the positions of the front and rear casters on the stroller frame. This results in ineffective operation of the direction guiding devices on the front casters and in inconvenient operation of the latch mechanisms on the rear casters.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a stroller with a shock absorbing device that is capable of effectively absorbing shock when the stroller is in motion.
21784~4 More particularly, the object of the present invention is to provide a stroller with a shock absorbing device which mounts a seat member on a stroller frame so as to effectively absorb shock when s the stroller is in motion.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a stroller with a detachable seat member which can be conveniently mounted on the stroller frame in either of two opposing directions.
According to the present invention, a stroller includes a wheeled stroller frame with a handle unit for pushing the stroller frame, and a seat member mounted on the stroller frame. The stroller frame has a pair of horizontal linking plates on two sides of the seat member. A shock absorbing device includes a frame unit disposed between the linking plates and mounted swingably on the linking plates, and a spring unit. The frame unit is movable relative to the linking plates in a first direction, wherein the frame unit swings forwardly and downwardly, and in a second direction, wherein the frame unit swings rearwardly and upwardly.
The spring unit interconnects the frame unit and the linking plates and biases the frame unit in the second direction. The seat member has a seat portion with a bottom side that is provided with a mounting unit for mounting the seat member on the frame unit of the shock absorbing device.
- 2178~64 The frame unit includes parallel front and rear rod members which extend between the linking plates. Each of the front and rear rod members has a pair of bent leg portions connected pivotally and respectively to the linking plates. The frame unit further includes two side plate members, each of which has two ends connected respectively to the front and rear rod members.
The spring unit includes two extension springs, each of which has a first end connected to a respective one of the linking plates and a second end connected to the front rod member of the frame unit.
Preferably, the mounting unit on the seat portion of the seat member mounts detachably the seat member on the frame unit, and includes at least one hook unit for engaging one of the front and rear rod members of the frame unit. The mounting unit further includes a spring-loaded retaining device for engaging releasably the other one of the front and rear rod members of the frame unit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:
Figure 1 is a partly exploded, perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of a stroller according 2178~4 to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a partly exploded, schematic view of the first preferred embodiment;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a shock absorbing 5device of the first preferred embodiment;
Figure 4 is a schematic view which illustrates the assembly of the shock absorbing device;
Figure 5 is an exploded view of a spring-loaded retaining device of the first preferred embodiment;
10Figure 6 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device when in an engaging state;
Figure 7 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device, taken along line VII-VII in Figure 6;
15Figure 8 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device when in a disengaging state;
Figure 9 is a partly sectional, schematic view of the retaining device, taken along line IX-IX in Figure 8;
20Figure 10 is a schematic view which illustrates the operation of the shock absorbing device when the stroller is in motion;
Figure 11 is a schematic view of the second preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the 25present invention; and Figure 12 is a schematic view of the third preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present lnventlon .
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Before the present invention is described in greater detail, it should be noted that like elements are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the disclosure.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the first preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present invention is shown to comprise a stroller frame 1, a seat member 3, and a shock absorbing device 2 for mounting the seat member 3 on the stroller frame 1.
The stroller frame 1 is foldable and is generally similar to that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,417,450 by the applicant. The stroller frame 1 includes two front support members 11, two rear support members 13, and two connectors 12, each of which connects pivotally one of the front support members 11 to one of the rear support members 13. Front and rear axles 111, 131 extend between the front and rear support members 11, 13, respectively. A caster 14 is mounted rotatably on each end of the front and rear axles 111, 131. Each of two pivot shafts 16 has a bottom end provided with a slide piece 15 which straddles a respective one of the rear support members 13. Each of two horizontal linking plates 17 has a first end connected to one of the pivot shafts 16 and a second end connected to the top end of one of the rear support members 13. The seat member 3 21784~
.
is to be disposed between the linking plates 17. Each of two connecting plates 161 has a first end connected to one of the front support members 13 and a second end connected to one of the pivot shafts 16. Each of the linking plates 17 has a horizontal portion 171 which extends between the rear support member 13 and the pivot shaft 16, a forwardly and upwardly inclining portion 172 which extends from a front end of the horizontal portion 171 and which is connected pivotally to the rear support member 13, and a rearwardly and upwardly inclining portion 173 which extends from a rear end of the horizontal portion 171 and which is connected pivotally to the pivot shaft 16. The stroller frame 1 further includes a handle unit 18 with lower end portions connected pivotally and respectively to the slide pieces 15. A catch mechanism 19, similar to that employed in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No.
5,417,450, is installed to retain releasably the stroller frame 1 in an unfolded position, thereby avoiding accidental folding of the stroller frame 1.
As shown in Figure 3, the shock absorbing device 2 is disposed between the linking plates 17 and includes a frame unit 20, a spring unit constituted by two springs 21, and two cover pieces 22.
The frame unit 20 includes parallel front and rear rod members 23, 24 which extend between and which are transverse to the linking plates 17. The front rod - 2178~6 1 member 23 has a pair of bent leg portions 231, each of which is connected pivotally to a front part of the horizontal portion 171 of a respective one of the linking plates 17 by means of a corresponding rivet 25.
The rear rod member 24 has a pair of bent leg portions 241, each of which is connected pivotally to a rear part of the horizontal portion 171 of a respective one of the linking plates 17 by means of a corresponding rivet 26. The frame unit 20 further includes two side plate members 28, each of which has two ends provided with a respective connector 27 for connection with one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24. Each connector 27 has a sleeve portion 271 to be sleeved on the corresponding one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24 and is formed with a slot 272 for receiving one end of the respective one of side plate members 28.
Pins 281 secure the connectors 27 onto the side plate members 28.
Each of the springs 21 has a first hook end portion 211 which engages the front rod member 23 and a second hook end portion 212 which engages an intermediate part of the horizontal portion 171 of a respective one of the linking plates 17. Each of the cover pieces 22 covers a respective one of the linking plates 17 and has an inner side formed with a projection 221 that rests on top of an adjacent one of the side plate members 28. When installed, the frame unit 20 is swingable relative to the linking plates 17 in a first direction, wherein the frame unit 20 swings downwardly and forwardly, and a second direction, wherein the frame unit 20 swings upwardly and rearwardly.
Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the seat member 3 is installed on the frame unit 20 of the shock absorbing device 2. The seat member 3 has a seat portion 31, a backrest portion 32 connected pivotally to a rear end of the seat portion 31, and a pair of armrests 33 disposed respectively on opposite sides of the seat portion 31. A guard rail 331 has two ends connected to front ends of the armrests 33 for safety purposes. The seat portion 31 has a bottom side with a front part which is provided with a pair of hook units 311 (only one is shown). Each hook unit 311 has a slit 312 for engaging one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24.
The bottom side of the seat portion 31 further has a rear part provided with a spring-loaded retaining device 34 for engaging the other one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24. The hook units 311 and the retaining device 34 constitute a mounting unit for mounting detachably the seat member 3 on the frame unit 20.
Referring to Figure 5, the retaining device 34 includes a housing 341 which is mounted on the rear part of the bottom side of the seat portion 31 by means of bolts 340. The housing 341 includes a rectangular 2178~G 4 base plate 3411, a surrounding wall 3412 which extends upwardly from a periphery of the base plate 3411, and a transverse partition wall 3413 which extends between front and rear portions of the surrounding wall 3412 so as to divide the space cooperatively confined by the base plate 3411 and the surrounding wall 3412 into left and right chambers 3414. Each of a pair of retaining blocks 342 is disposed in a respective one of the chambers 3414. Each of the chambers 3414 further has a first spring member 343, a press piece 344 and a second spring member 345 disposed therein.
The front portion of the surrounding wall 3412 is formed with a pair of front notches 3415 on two sides of the-partition plate 3413. The base plate 3411 is formed with two pairs of slits 3416 which are parallel to and which are disposed on two sides of the partition plate 3413. Each of the slits 3416 extends rearwardly from the respective one of the front notches 3415. The surrounding wall 3412 further has opposite side portions which are respectively formed with a side notch 3417. The base plate 3411 is further formed with a pair of upwardly extending contact plates 3418, each of which is disposed adjacent to a respective one of the side notches 3417 in the surrounding wall 3412.
Each of the retaining blocks 342 has a rear portion which is formed with a blind bore 3421 and a front portion 3422 which extends through a respective one of the front notches 3415 in the surrounding wall 3412 and which has an upwardly curving bottom face 3423. Each of the retaining blocks 342 is further formed with a pair of guide projections 3424 which slidably engage a respective pair of slits 3416 in the base plate 3411.
The front portion 3422 of each of the retaining blocks 342 has a top face formed with a widthwise extending groove 3425 for engaging the other one of the front and rear rod members 23, 24.
lo The rear portion of each of the retaining blocks 342 is further formed with a sideward hook projection 3426 that extends toward an adjacent one of the side notches 3417 in the surrounding wall 3412. The hook projection 3426 has a first inclined face 3427 and a first shoulder 3428 on an innermost end of the first inclined face 3427.
Each first spring member 343 has a first end portion which extends into the blind bore 3421 in a respective one of the retaining blocks 342, and a second end portion which abuts against the rear portion of the surrounding wall 3412.
Each press piece 344 has an engaging portion adjacent to a respective one of the contact plates 3418 and formed with a blind bore 3441. Each second spring member 345 has a first end portion which abuts against a respective one of the contact plates 3418 and a second end portion which extends into the blind bore 217~g6~ .
-3441 of a respective one of the press pieces 344. Each press piece 344 further has an operating portion 3442 wider than and opposite to the engaging portion thereof. The engaging portion of each press piece 344 is formed with a second inclined face 3440 that abuts against the first inclined face 3427 of the hook projection 3426 on the respective one of the retaining blocks 342 and a second shoulder 3443 on an innermost end of the second inclined face 3440 for engaging the first shoulder 3428 of the hook projection 3426.
Referring to Figures 4 and 6, when installing the seat member 3 in a first direction, the seat member 3 is provided on top of the frame unit 20 of the shock absorbing device 2 and is pulled rearwardly such that the hook units 311 engage the front rod member 23. The seat member 3 is then pressed downwardly to enable the retaining device 34 to engage releasably the rear rod member 24, thereby mounting the seat member 3 on the stroller frame 1.
As shown in Figures 4, 6 and 7, when the seat mémber 3 is disposed on the frame unit 20, the rear rod member 24 initially abuts against the bottom faces 3423 of the front portions 3422 of the retaining blocks 342. Thus, when the seat member 3 is pressed.downwardly, the rear rod member 24 moves along the bottom faces 3423 and pushes the retaining blocks 342 into the housing 341 against biasing action of the first spring members 343.
217846 i Once the rear rod member 24 has moved past the bottom faces 3423, the first spring members 343 expand such that the rear rod member 24 is retained within the grooves 3425 in the top faces of the front portions 3422 of the retaining blocks 342.
Referring to Figures 6, 8 and 9, when it is desired to detach the seat member 3 from the stroller frame 1, the press pieces 344 are pressed inwardly against biasing action of the second spring members 345. At this time, the second inclined faces 3440 on the press pieces 344 move along the first inclined faces 3427 of the hook projections 3426 on the retaining blocks 342, thereby resulting in movement of the retaining blocks 342 inwardly of the housing 341 against the biasing action of the first spring members 343. The second shoulders 3443 on the press pieces 344 eventually engage the first shoulders 3428 of the hook projections 3426, and the retaining blocks 342 cease to engage the rear rod member 24. The seat member 3 can be lifted from the frame unit 20 at this time. When the seat member 3 is lifted from the frame unit 20, the rear rod member 24 once again abuts against the bottom faces 3423 of the front portions 3422 of the retaining blocks 342 and pushes the retaining blocks 342 further into the housing 341 against the biasing action of the first spring members 343. The second shoulders 3443 disengage the first shoulders 3428, thereby permitting expansion 217~64 of the second spring members 345 to return the press pieces 344 to their normal positions. When the rear rod member 24 ceases to abut against the bottom faces 3423, the first spring members 343 expand to return the retaining blocks 342 to their normal positions, i.e.
from the positions in Figure 8 to the positions in Figure 6. At this time, the seat member 3 can be mounted on the stroller frame 1 in an opposite direction, wherein the hook units 311 engage the rear rod member 24 while the retaining device 34 engages releasably the front rod member 23. The steps for mounting the seat member 3 on the stroller frame 1 in the opposite direction are similar to those described beforehand and will not be repeated herein.
Referring once more to Figure 4, when a child is not seated on the seat member 3, the springs 21 bias the frame unit 20 in the second direction, i.e. the frame unit 20 swings upwardly and rearwardly. As shown in - Figure 10, when a child is seated on the seat member 3 and the stroller moves along a rough surface, the shock experienced by the stroller frame 1 results in swinging of the frame unit 20 about the rivets 25, 26 in the first direction. Since the springs 21 provide resistance to swinging of the frame unit 20, the shock that is transmitted to the seat member 3 by the stroller frame 1 can be minimized.
Figure 11 illustrates the second preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present invention. The second preferred embodiment is generally similar to the first preferred embodiment, the main difference residing in the configuration of the stroller frame 4. The stroller frame 4 includes two front support members 41, two rear support members 43, and two connectors 42, each of which connects pivotally one of the front support members 41 to one of the rear support members 43. Front and rear casters 411, 431 are mounted rotatably on bottom ends of the front and rear support members 41, 43, respectively. The two ends of a handle unit 45 are mounted on connecting seats 44 which are respectively provided at the top end of each of the front support members 41. Each of a pair of rear linking rods 46 interconnects one of the connecting seats 44 and one of the rear support members 43. Each of a pair of front linking rods 48 has a first end connected pivotally to a respective one of the rear support members 43. Each of a pair of linking plates 47 connects pivotally one of the connecting seats 44 and a second end of one of the front linking rods 48.
Installation of the shock absorbing device 2 on the linking plates 47, and of the seat member 3 on the shock absorbing device 2 are similar to those of the first preferred embodiment and will not be described further.
217~46 1 Figure 12 illustrates the third preferred embodiment of a stroller according to the present invention. The third preferred embodiment is generally similar to the previous embodiments, the main difference residing in the configuration of the stroller frame 6. The stroller frame 6 includes left and right frame parts 61 and a handle unit 62. Each of the frame parts 61 includes a base frame member 611, a pair of connectors 612 provided respectively on upwardly curving ends of the base frame member 611, and forwardly and rearwardly extending frame members 613, 614 connected pivotally at intermediate portions thereof. Each of the frame members 613, 614 has a lower end connected pivotally to one of the connectors 612. A linking plate 615 has two ends connected pivotally to upper ends of the frame members 613, 614. The handle unit 62 is connected to the upper ends of the rearwardly extending frame members 614 of the frame parts 61. Front and rear axles 617 interconnect the base frame members 611 of the left and right frame parts 61. A caster 618 is mounted rotatably on each end of the axles 617. Installation of the shock absorbing device 2 on the linking plates 615, and of the seat member 3 on the shock absorbing device 2 are similar to those of the first preferred embodiment and will not be described further.
Note that the specific configuration of the stroller frame is not critical to the present invention. The shock absorbing device 2 can be used with any stroller frame, as long as there are two linking plates on opposite sides of the seat member. In addition, although the retaining device 34 in the disclosed embodiments includes a pair of retaining blocks 342, a pair of press pieces 344, a pair of first spring members 343 and a pair of second spring members 345, a retaining device with only one retaining block, one press piece, one first spring member and one second spring member may be used to achieve the same purpose.
While the present invention has been described in connection with what is considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that this invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to cover various arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent arrangements.
Claims (12)
1. A stroller, comprising:
a wheeled stroller frame with a handle unit for pushing said stroller frame, and a seat member mounted on said stroller frame, said stroller frame having a pair of horizontal linking plates on two sides of said seat member; and a shock absorbing device including: a frame unit disposed between said linking plates and mounted swingably on said linking plates, said frame unit being movable relative to said linking plates in a first direction, wherein said frame unit swings forwardly and downwardly, and in a second direction, wherein said frame unit swings rearwardly and upwardly; and a spring unit interconnecting said frame unit and said linking plates and biasing said frame unit in said second direction;
said seat member having a seat portion with a bottom side that is provided with a mounting unit for mounting said seat member on said frame unit of said shock absorbing device.
a wheeled stroller frame with a handle unit for pushing said stroller frame, and a seat member mounted on said stroller frame, said stroller frame having a pair of horizontal linking plates on two sides of said seat member; and a shock absorbing device including: a frame unit disposed between said linking plates and mounted swingably on said linking plates, said frame unit being movable relative to said linking plates in a first direction, wherein said frame unit swings forwardly and downwardly, and in a second direction, wherein said frame unit swings rearwardly and upwardly; and a spring unit interconnecting said frame unit and said linking plates and biasing said frame unit in said second direction;
said seat member having a seat portion with a bottom side that is provided with a mounting unit for mounting said seat member on said frame unit of said shock absorbing device.
2. The stroller as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said frame unit includes parallel front and rear rod members which extend between said linking plates, each of said front and rear rod members having a pair of bent leg portions connected pivotally and respectively to said linking plates, said frame unit further including two side plate members, each of which has two ends connected respectively to said front and rear rod members.
3. The stroller as claimed in Claim 2, wherein said spring unit includes two extension springs, each of which has a first end connected to a respective one of said linking plates and a second end connected to said front rod member of said frame unit.
4. The stroller as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising a pair of cover pieces, each of which covers a respective one of said linking plates.
5. The stroller as claimed in Claim 4, wherein each of said cover pieces has an inner side formed with a projection that rests on top of an adjacent one of said side plate members.
6. The stroller as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said mounting unit on said seat portion of said seat member mounts detachably said seat member on said frame unit.
7. The stroller as claimed in Claim 2, wherein said mounting unit on said seat portion of said seat member includes at least one hook unit for engaging one of said front and rear rod members of said frame unit.
8. The stroller as claimed in Claim 7, wherein said mounting unit further includes a spring-loaded retaining device for engaging releasably the other one of said front and rear rod members of said frame unit.
9. The stroller as claimed in Claim 8, wherein said retaining device includes:
a housing mounted on said bottom side of said seat portion of said seat member, said housing including a base plate and a surrounding wall which extends upwardly from said base plate and which cooperates with said base plate so as to confine a chamber, said surrounding wall having a front portion formed with a front notch, and a side portion formed with a side notch;
a retaining block disposed in said chamber, said retaining block having a front portion which extends through said front notch in said surrounding wall and which has an upwardly curving bottom face and a top face formed with a widthwise extending groove for engaging the other one of said front and rear rod members of said frame unit, said retaining block further having a rear portion which is disposed in said chamber and which is formed with a sideward hook projection that extends toward said side notch in said surrounding wall, said hook projection having a first inclined face and a first shoulder on an innermost end of said first inclined face;
a first spring member disposed in said chamber for biasing said retaining block outwardly of said chamber;
a press piece disposed in said chamber, said press piece having an operating portion which extends through said side notch in said surrounding wall and an engaging portion which is formed with a second inclined face that abuts against said first inclined face and a second shoulder on an innermost end of said second inclined face for engaging said first shoulder; and a second spring member disposed in said chamber for biasing said press piece outwardly of said chamber;
whereby, when installing said seat member on said stroller frame, the other one of said front and rear rod members initially abuts against said bottom face of said front portion of said retaining block so that, when said seat member is pressed downwardly, said retaining block is pushed into said housing against biasing action of said first spring member until the other one of said front and rear rod members has moved past said bottom face so as to be retained within said groove in said top face of said front portion of said retaining block; and when detaching said seat member from said stroller frame, said press piece is pressed inwardly against biasing action of said second spring member so that said second inclined face moves along said first inclined face to result in movement of said retaining block inwardly of said housing against biasing action of said first spring member and in eventual engagement between said first and second shoulders such that said retaining block ceases to engage the other one of the front and rear rod members.
a housing mounted on said bottom side of said seat portion of said seat member, said housing including a base plate and a surrounding wall which extends upwardly from said base plate and which cooperates with said base plate so as to confine a chamber, said surrounding wall having a front portion formed with a front notch, and a side portion formed with a side notch;
a retaining block disposed in said chamber, said retaining block having a front portion which extends through said front notch in said surrounding wall and which has an upwardly curving bottom face and a top face formed with a widthwise extending groove for engaging the other one of said front and rear rod members of said frame unit, said retaining block further having a rear portion which is disposed in said chamber and which is formed with a sideward hook projection that extends toward said side notch in said surrounding wall, said hook projection having a first inclined face and a first shoulder on an innermost end of said first inclined face;
a first spring member disposed in said chamber for biasing said retaining block outwardly of said chamber;
a press piece disposed in said chamber, said press piece having an operating portion which extends through said side notch in said surrounding wall and an engaging portion which is formed with a second inclined face that abuts against said first inclined face and a second shoulder on an innermost end of said second inclined face for engaging said first shoulder; and a second spring member disposed in said chamber for biasing said press piece outwardly of said chamber;
whereby, when installing said seat member on said stroller frame, the other one of said front and rear rod members initially abuts against said bottom face of said front portion of said retaining block so that, when said seat member is pressed downwardly, said retaining block is pushed into said housing against biasing action of said first spring member until the other one of said front and rear rod members has moved past said bottom face so as to be retained within said groove in said top face of said front portion of said retaining block; and when detaching said seat member from said stroller frame, said press piece is pressed inwardly against biasing action of said second spring member so that said second inclined face moves along said first inclined face to result in movement of said retaining block inwardly of said housing against biasing action of said first spring member and in eventual engagement between said first and second shoulders such that said retaining block ceases to engage the other one of the front and rear rod members.
10. The stroller as claimed in Claim 9, wherein said base plate is formed with a slit which extends rearwardly from said front notch, said retaining block being formed with a guide projection which slidably engages said slit in said base plate.
11. The stroller as claimed in Claim 9, wherein said rear portion of said retaining block is formed with a blind bore, said first spring member having a first end portion which extends into said blind bore in said retaining block and a second end portion which abuts against a rear portion of said surrounding wall.
12. The stroller as claimed in Claim 9, wherein said base plate is further formed with an upwardly extending contact plate disposed adjacent to said side notch in said surrounding wall, said engaging portion of said press piece being formed with a blind bore, said second spring member having a first end portion which abuts against said contact plate and a second end portion which extends into said blind bore in said press piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2178464 CA2178464C (en) | 1996-06-06 | 1996-06-06 | Stroller with shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2178464 CA2178464C (en) | 1996-06-06 | 1996-06-06 | Stroller with shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2178464A1 CA2178464A1 (en) | 1997-12-07 |
| CA2178464C true CA2178464C (en) | 1999-11-02 |
Family
ID=4158358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2178464 Expired - Fee Related CA2178464C (en) | 1996-06-06 | 1996-06-06 | Stroller with shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2178464C (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-06-06 CA CA 2178464 patent/CA2178464C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2178464A1 (en) | 1997-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5820144A (en) | Stroller with shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame | |
| US5718439A (en) | Stroller with detachable seat member | |
| US6045145A (en) | Stroller with detachable auxiliary seat | |
| EP3733478B1 (en) | Baby stroller with a folding mechanism triggered by a child carrier | |
| US7032922B1 (en) | Stroller with a detachable seat member | |
| US5871227A (en) | Foldable mechanism for use in a stroller | |
| US5360221A (en) | Baby carriage convertible to a safety car seat | |
| CA2397855C (en) | Foldable stroller | |
| US5478135A (en) | Child carrier with detachable base | |
| US4913452A (en) | Caster-supporting device for a baby stroller | |
| AU2010200182B2 (en) | Buckle | |
| US5735570A (en) | Foldable chair frame | |
| US5447323A (en) | Positioning arrangement for a backrest of a stroller | |
| GB2392887A (en) | Baby carriage and baby's car seat mounted thereon | |
| CA2178464C (en) | Stroller with shock absorbing device for mounting a seat member on a stroller frame | |
| CA2178425C (en) | Stroller with detachable seat member | |
| GB2313576A (en) | Stroller with shock absorbing device for the seat | |
| US7044498B2 (en) | Rehabilitation stroller | |
| RU2157325C2 (en) | Cradle-type perambulator | |
| EP1127516B1 (en) | Folding chair | |
| CN217374627U (en) | Backrest, child seat with backrest and baby carriage | |
| GB2442127A (en) | Foldable stroller | |
| JP4152700B2 (en) | Wheelchair armrest vertical sliding structure | |
| CN219325859U (en) | Child cart | |
| JPS6130939Y2 (en) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |