CA2177285A1 - Insect attractant formulation - Google Patents
Insect attractant formulationInfo
- Publication number
- CA2177285A1 CA2177285A1 CA 2177285 CA2177285A CA2177285A1 CA 2177285 A1 CA2177285 A1 CA 2177285A1 CA 2177285 CA2177285 CA 2177285 CA 2177285 A CA2177285 A CA 2177285A CA 2177285 A1 CA2177285 A1 CA 2177285A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- active ingredient
- formulation according
- attractant
- insects
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
A solid attractant formula for insects comprising an intimate mixture of at least one thermoplastic material and at least one active ingredient capable of alluring insects to said attractant formulation.
Description
WO 9~/14379 2 1 7 7 2 8 5 A ~ L l,~
Tnirrt Attr~rt~nt Form~ tion The present invention is concerned with an insect attractant r ... - ,1 -~;....
Known insect attractant ru ' tend to be difFIcult to handle, and often prove to be aesthetically u~ L~ iVv products in practice.
For example, ammonia based attractant r~." l~l;....- often exhibit gassing problems during handling and storage.
rulL~ c, insect attractant r~ are frequently used in liquid form.
Suitable containers are provided for these attractant '~ wherein the active attractant ingredients are entrained in bulk liquid media. Problems associated with these attractant ~ ~ include Cv~lJU~ iull~ dilution or spillage of the liquid media, which renders the r""""~ unsuitable for use in certain ~IIV;II ', such as extreme weather conditions or the like. In the case of sugar based liquid Ir ~ " , rapid loss of water yields sticky residues which become littered with dead insects.
We have now developed an insect attractant & ' which aUeviates th~e above problems.
According to the present invention there is provided a solid attractant r~ for insects, said attractant r~ comprising an intimate mi~ture comprising at least one Ih- --~ material and at least one active ingredient capable of aUuring insects to said attractant .~
It is preferred that the r' " material can be thermally formed at ~ UlC> up to about 100C. Typically the Ihv~ Jlaa~i-, material has a melting point of about 40 to 70C. The i ' r ~ ' material can comprise any of ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer (rVA), pol~Ll-~h --e and wax. Ad~ v - 'y the , ' - material comprises ~VA.
Preferably the thermal forming of the Ih ~ ;f material comprises amy suitable technique, such as injection moulding, extrusion, casting or the like.
Adv~lLv. vualy the intimate mixture of the L~l~lll.~"JI.laLiC material and active ingredient are subjected to injection moulding to produce the desired solid attractant ~ ' _ WO95/14379 I~ 1,. ~.' Ad~u.L~v~.,ly the active ingredient i5 capable of generating at least one insect-attractive moiety. Typically the insect-attractive moiety comprises a volatile attractant.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, the active ingredient comprises at least one ammonium salt capable of generating ammonia. A preferred ammonium salt comprises ammonium bi~
Preferably the ammonium salt is present in an amount by weight at least equal to the amount by weight of the ~ 3~ material. Typically, the ammonium salt is present in an amount of 60 to 80% by weight, based on the weight of the Ih-material.
The r~ " according to the first aspect of the present invention mayfurther comprise at least one filler material.
According to a second aspect of the present invention the active ingredient compnses at least one liquid component such as yeast autolysate, suitable for i -- ~
into a solid insect attractant '( ' according to the present invention and being capable of generating volatile attractants, whereby the attractant ' ' comprises an intimate miAture comprising the active ingredient, at least one i .5 ' material and at least one filler material.
Typically the autolysate is prepared by enzymic or acidic Iysing, and is preferably present in the attractant ~ ' in an amount of about 30 to 40%.
According to a third aspect of the present invention the active ingredient comprises at least one oleophilic insect-attractive moiety suitable for intimately mixing with the Ih..~ material. Preferred such moieties include t-butyl-2-methyl-4-(or 5-) ulllolul y- lol.. Ayl~ uAyldt~ and 4- (p-llyJlUAyl ' yl)-2-butanone acetate, the former being a preferred attractant for Ceratitis capitata (-~ -- fruit fly) and the letter being a preferred attractant for Dacus cucurbitae (melon fruit fly).
Preferably, the filler material comprises an absorbent mineral or vegetable material. Suitable such mineral materials include silica (which is preferred) and ~' e~rth. Suitable such vegetable materials include cellulosic materials, such as starch.
It is preferred that the attractant r,~ l according to the present invention is formed by dispersing the active ingredient into the filler material, prior to intimate mixing with the ~ lllu~ aL;c material and subsequent thermal forming.
W0 95/14379 2 1 7 7 2 8 5 ~ C~8 .
Tnirrt Attr~rt~nt Form~ tion The present invention is concerned with an insect attractant r ... - ,1 -~;....
Known insect attractant ru ' tend to be difFIcult to handle, and often prove to be aesthetically u~ L~ iVv products in practice.
For example, ammonia based attractant r~." l~l;....- often exhibit gassing problems during handling and storage.
rulL~ c, insect attractant r~ are frequently used in liquid form.
Suitable containers are provided for these attractant '~ wherein the active attractant ingredients are entrained in bulk liquid media. Problems associated with these attractant ~ ~ include Cv~lJU~ iull~ dilution or spillage of the liquid media, which renders the r""""~ unsuitable for use in certain ~IIV;II ', such as extreme weather conditions or the like. In the case of sugar based liquid Ir ~ " , rapid loss of water yields sticky residues which become littered with dead insects.
We have now developed an insect attractant & ' which aUeviates th~e above problems.
According to the present invention there is provided a solid attractant r~ for insects, said attractant r~ comprising an intimate mi~ture comprising at least one Ih- --~ material and at least one active ingredient capable of aUuring insects to said attractant .~
It is preferred that the r' " material can be thermally formed at ~ UlC> up to about 100C. Typically the Ihv~ Jlaa~i-, material has a melting point of about 40 to 70C. The i ' r ~ ' material can comprise any of ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer (rVA), pol~Ll-~h --e and wax. Ad~ v - 'y the , ' - material comprises ~VA.
Preferably the thermal forming of the Ih ~ ;f material comprises amy suitable technique, such as injection moulding, extrusion, casting or the like.
Adv~lLv. vualy the intimate mixture of the L~l~lll.~"JI.laLiC material and active ingredient are subjected to injection moulding to produce the desired solid attractant ~ ' _ WO95/14379 I~ 1,. ~.' Ad~u.L~v~.,ly the active ingredient i5 capable of generating at least one insect-attractive moiety. Typically the insect-attractive moiety comprises a volatile attractant.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, the active ingredient comprises at least one ammonium salt capable of generating ammonia. A preferred ammonium salt comprises ammonium bi~
Preferably the ammonium salt is present in an amount by weight at least equal to the amount by weight of the ~ 3~ material. Typically, the ammonium salt is present in an amount of 60 to 80% by weight, based on the weight of the Ih-material.
The r~ " according to the first aspect of the present invention mayfurther comprise at least one filler material.
According to a second aspect of the present invention the active ingredient compnses at least one liquid component such as yeast autolysate, suitable for i -- ~
into a solid insect attractant '( ' according to the present invention and being capable of generating volatile attractants, whereby the attractant ' ' comprises an intimate miAture comprising the active ingredient, at least one i .5 ' material and at least one filler material.
Typically the autolysate is prepared by enzymic or acidic Iysing, and is preferably present in the attractant ~ ' in an amount of about 30 to 40%.
According to a third aspect of the present invention the active ingredient comprises at least one oleophilic insect-attractive moiety suitable for intimately mixing with the Ih..~ material. Preferred such moieties include t-butyl-2-methyl-4-(or 5-) ulllolul y- lol.. Ayl~ uAyldt~ and 4- (p-llyJlUAyl ' yl)-2-butanone acetate, the former being a preferred attractant for Ceratitis capitata (-~ -- fruit fly) and the letter being a preferred attractant for Dacus cucurbitae (melon fruit fly).
Preferably, the filler material comprises an absorbent mineral or vegetable material. Suitable such mineral materials include silica (which is preferred) and ~' e~rth. Suitable such vegetable materials include cellulosic materials, such as starch.
It is preferred that the attractant r,~ l according to the present invention is formed by dispersing the active ingredient into the filler material, prior to intimate mixing with the ~ lllu~ aL;c material and subsequent thermal forming.
W0 95/14379 2 1 7 7 2 8 5 ~ C~8 .
There is further provided by the present invention a method of preparing a solid attractant formulation for alluring insect5, substantially as 1~ ,rUlc described, which method comprises:
(a) intimately blending together at least one Ih~ I;r material and at lea5t one active ingredient capable of alluring insects to the resultant attractane ' ' and (b) thermally forming the blend of step (a) so as to produce a moulded article 5uitable for use in alluring insects.
The Lil~ lu~Jla~lic material, active ingredient and thermal forming are substantially as l,~ fu,c described.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, step (a) comprises intimately blending together at least one ammonium salt and at least one i' .' material, and optionally at least one filler material.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, step (a) comprises blending together yeast autolysate, at least one ~ material and at lea5t one filler material.
The method according to the second aspect of the present invention preferably further comprises Iysing whole yeast cells, typically by enzymic or acidic (such as HCI) treatment, prior to step (a).
Preferably the active ingredient is dispersed into the filler material, prior toblending with the 11, ~ material.
The present invention will now be further illustrated by the following examples which do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Examnle I
This example describes an experiment carried out to investigate the release profile of an attractant from a rul ' according to the present invention.
Insect attractant r~ each weighing 18g and having the dimensions 4.5cm x 8.4cm x O.~cm and each containing .~ , llg of ammonium ~- - ' -salt were allowed to stand within a covered building at a i , c ranging from 10 to43C over a period of 103 days. During that time, the attractant ,r '- lost weight linearly, and at the end of the -YrPnmF~-r. the attractant r ." ~ each weighed .7.8g.
The weight loss, presumed to be due to the ~IF~ V'l L"'` ~ of the salt into ammonia, carbon WO 95/14379 1 _ 1, ~.,, I."'~q-8 dioxide and water, equated to 80 percent of the original loading and to 80mg loss of salt per day.
Examyle 2 Insect attractant r..., ,~ , as described in Example I were exposed to ~,llv;lUI~ d conditions, with ~ I..r~ ranging from O to 25CC. 38% of the salt was released, which d~ ' to a rate of about 47mg/day. The apparently slower release outside compared to within the building was thought to be due to absorption of moisture into the attractant f~rrnl~lqti-m and the lower i . , profile outside.
Example 3 This example describes the bio-efficacy of attractant ' ' according to the present invention.
A -- -qir containing wax attractant ,r lq tinn c (blocks, 21 cm x 2. lcm x 1 .Ocm, wt 9g, 7.5g of ammonium L,;~L ` were tested as lures for Dacus oleae (olive fruit fly) under a daily I r ' C cycle of approx 15-35C for 120 days. The attractant ~ ~ were found to be efficacious for that period of time, with no observable decline in alluring capacity E~amplç 4 200 parts by weight of Z,ElZ,Z-7, 11 ~ A~t ~ ; acetate (Gossyplure) was carefully absorbed into 100 parts by weight of silica (Ultrasil VN3, Degussa). 12 parts by weight of îhis mixture was then intimately mixed with 88 parts by weight of EVA polymer chip (Elvax760, Du Pont), and extruded into ribbon ~ , I mm thick. Circular pieces of the ribbon 10 mm in diameter were cut and placed in a wind tunnel operating at 27C, and wind speed 5 mph. Some of the circular pieces were removed at various times and analysed for residual Gossyplure by gas c ll~ _ . ' analysis. It was found that 65.8% of Gossyplure had been released linearly during a period of 45 days.
l~xample S
12 parts by weight of the Guaayl ' ~ /sil;cd mixture described in Example 1, was intimately mixed with 88 parts by weight of LDPE (STAMYLAN LD230û, DSM) and extruded into ribbon A~ / I mm thick. In a wind tunnel experiment similar to that described in Example 4, it was found that 79.6% of Gossyplure had been released linearly during a period of 45 days
(a) intimately blending together at least one Ih~ I;r material and at lea5t one active ingredient capable of alluring insects to the resultant attractane ' ' and (b) thermally forming the blend of step (a) so as to produce a moulded article 5uitable for use in alluring insects.
The Lil~ lu~Jla~lic material, active ingredient and thermal forming are substantially as l,~ fu,c described.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, step (a) comprises intimately blending together at least one ammonium salt and at least one i' .' material, and optionally at least one filler material.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, step (a) comprises blending together yeast autolysate, at least one ~ material and at lea5t one filler material.
The method according to the second aspect of the present invention preferably further comprises Iysing whole yeast cells, typically by enzymic or acidic (such as HCI) treatment, prior to step (a).
Preferably the active ingredient is dispersed into the filler material, prior toblending with the 11, ~ material.
The present invention will now be further illustrated by the following examples which do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Examnle I
This example describes an experiment carried out to investigate the release profile of an attractant from a rul ' according to the present invention.
Insect attractant r~ each weighing 18g and having the dimensions 4.5cm x 8.4cm x O.~cm and each containing .~ , llg of ammonium ~- - ' -salt were allowed to stand within a covered building at a i , c ranging from 10 to43C over a period of 103 days. During that time, the attractant ,r '- lost weight linearly, and at the end of the -YrPnmF~-r. the attractant r ." ~ each weighed .7.8g.
The weight loss, presumed to be due to the ~IF~ V'l L"'` ~ of the salt into ammonia, carbon WO 95/14379 1 _ 1, ~.,, I."'~q-8 dioxide and water, equated to 80 percent of the original loading and to 80mg loss of salt per day.
Examyle 2 Insect attractant r..., ,~ , as described in Example I were exposed to ~,llv;lUI~ d conditions, with ~ I..r~ ranging from O to 25CC. 38% of the salt was released, which d~ ' to a rate of about 47mg/day. The apparently slower release outside compared to within the building was thought to be due to absorption of moisture into the attractant f~rrnl~lqti-m and the lower i . , profile outside.
Example 3 This example describes the bio-efficacy of attractant ' ' according to the present invention.
A -- -qir containing wax attractant ,r lq tinn c (blocks, 21 cm x 2. lcm x 1 .Ocm, wt 9g, 7.5g of ammonium L,;~L ` were tested as lures for Dacus oleae (olive fruit fly) under a daily I r ' C cycle of approx 15-35C for 120 days. The attractant ~ ~ were found to be efficacious for that period of time, with no observable decline in alluring capacity E~amplç 4 200 parts by weight of Z,ElZ,Z-7, 11 ~ A~t ~ ; acetate (Gossyplure) was carefully absorbed into 100 parts by weight of silica (Ultrasil VN3, Degussa). 12 parts by weight of îhis mixture was then intimately mixed with 88 parts by weight of EVA polymer chip (Elvax760, Du Pont), and extruded into ribbon ~ , I mm thick. Circular pieces of the ribbon 10 mm in diameter were cut and placed in a wind tunnel operating at 27C, and wind speed 5 mph. Some of the circular pieces were removed at various times and analysed for residual Gossyplure by gas c ll~ _ . ' analysis. It was found that 65.8% of Gossyplure had been released linearly during a period of 45 days.
l~xample S
12 parts by weight of the Guaayl ' ~ /sil;cd mixture described in Example 1, was intimately mixed with 88 parts by weight of LDPE (STAMYLAN LD230û, DSM) and extruded into ribbon A~ / I mm thick. In a wind tunnel experiment similar to that described in Example 4, it was found that 79.6% of Gossyplure had been released linearly during a period of 45 days
Claims (11)
1. A solid attractant formulation for insects, which formulation is in the form of a body shaped from an intimate mixture comprising a matrix of at least one thermoplastic polymer, at least one filler comprising an absorbent mineral or vegetable material, and a liquid active ingredient capable of alluring insects to said attractant formulation.
2. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein said filler comprises silica.
3. A formulation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the active ingredient comprises a pheromone having an oleophilic insect-attractive moiety.
4. A formulation according to claim 3, wherein the pheromone is 4- (p-hydroxyphenyl) -2-butanone acetate, t-butyl-2-methyl-4- (or-5-) chlorcyclohexylcarboxylate, or Z,E/Z,Z-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetate.
5. A solid attractant formulation for insects, which comprises an intimate mixture comprising a matrix of at least one thermoplastic polymer, and at least one active ingredient capable of alluring insects to said attractant formulation, said active ingredient comprising at least one compound capable of generating ammonia or a yeast autolysate.
6. A formulation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the active ingredient comprises a yeast autolysate.
7. A formulation according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the yeast autolysate is prepared by enzymic or acidic lysis.
8. A formulation according to any of claims 5 to 7, wherein the yeast autolysate is present in an amount of 30 to 40%
by weight of the formulation.
by weight of the formulation.
9. A formulation according to claim 1 to 8, wherein said thermoplastic material has a melting point of from 40 to 70°C and can be thermally formed at temperatures of up to 100°C.
10. A formulation according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein said thermoplastic material is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
11. A method of preparing a formulation according to any preceding claim, which method comprises:
(a) dispersing said liquid active ingredient into said filler;
(b) intimately blending the resulting material with the thermoplastic polymer; and (c) thermally forming the blend of step (b) to produce a moulded article.
(a) dispersing said liquid active ingredient into said filler;
(b) intimately blending the resulting material with the thermoplastic polymer; and (c) thermally forming the blend of step (b) to produce a moulded article.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB939324131A GB9324131D0 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1993-11-24 | Insect attraction formulation |
| GB9324131.3 | 1993-11-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2177285A1 true CA2177285A1 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
Family
ID=10745605
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2177285 Abandoned CA2177285A1 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1994-11-17 | Insect attractant formulation |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0730403A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09509399A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1032695A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9408157A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2177285A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9324131D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995014379A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6562361B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2003-05-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Pheromone immobilized in stable hydrogel microbeads |
| GB2436288B (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2010-11-03 | Exosect Ltd | Solid wax matrix lure |
| GB0623398D0 (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2007-01-03 | Exosect Ltd | Arthropod control |
| US8568195B1 (en) | 2008-01-15 | 2013-10-29 | Times Three Clothier, LLC | Multi-fabric garment |
| JP5898054B2 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2016-04-06 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Sustained release formulation incorporating pest gel composition |
| WO2016087270A1 (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-09 | Basf Se | Solid agrochemical composition for extended release of carbon dioxide |
| CN110250173A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-09-20 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of sustained release lure preparation method of tea lesser leafhopper imago attractant |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3515866A1 (en) * | 1984-05-07 | 1986-07-10 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Method and composition for controlling Lepidoptera pests in viticulture |
| JPS6310702A (en) * | 1986-07-01 | 1988-01-18 | Ube Ind Ltd | Production of slow-releasing preparation |
| JPH03505095A (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1991-11-07 | イー・アイ・デユポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | Pesticide composition |
| JPH01319409A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1989-12-25 | Nippon Mektron Ltd | Gastropoda repellent |
| GB8828365D0 (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1989-01-05 | Ici Plc | Process of formulation waxed pellet rodenticide baits |
-
1993
- 1993-11-24 GB GB939324131A patent/GB9324131D0/en active Pending
-
1994
- 1994-11-17 AU AU10326/95A patent/AU1032695A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-17 CA CA 2177285 patent/CA2177285A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-17 EP EP95900879A patent/EP0730403A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-11-17 WO PCT/GB1994/002538 patent/WO1995014379A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-11-17 JP JP7514897A patent/JPH09509399A/en active Pending
- 1994-11-17 BR BR9408157A patent/BR9408157A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9408157A (en) | 1997-08-05 |
| GB9324131D0 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
| WO1995014379A1 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
| EP0730403A1 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
| JPH09509399A (en) | 1997-09-22 |
| AU1032695A (en) | 1995-06-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |