CA2167659A1 - Hollow part with a multi-layer wall structure and process for the production thereof - Google Patents
Hollow part with a multi-layer wall structure and process for the production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA2167659A1 CA2167659A1 CA002167659A CA2167659A CA2167659A1 CA 2167659 A1 CA2167659 A1 CA 2167659A1 CA 002167659 A CA002167659 A CA 002167659A CA 2167659 A CA2167659 A CA 2167659A CA 2167659 A1 CA2167659 A1 CA 2167659A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- hollow part
- part according
- layer
- solid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005903 polyol mixture Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MOMGDEWWZBKDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2h-azepin-7-olate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1CCCCC[N-]1 MOMGDEWWZBKDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNWBFIVSTXCJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diisocyanato(phenyl)methyl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LNWBFIVSTXCJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formanilide Chemical compound O=CNC1=CC=CC=C1 DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWUSZQUVEVMBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nimetazepam Chemical compound N=1CC(=O)N(C)C2=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GWUSZQUVEVMBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/04—Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould
- B29C41/06—Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould about two or more axes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/22—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/03177—Fuel tanks made of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics, or of a combination of non-metallic and metallic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/02—Wall construction
- B65D90/022—Laminated structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2022/00—Hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0257—Polyamide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/06—Open cell foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2377/00—Polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Hollow part with a multi-layer wall structure, characterised in that the wall structure consists, from the outside inwards, of layers of - solid polyamide, - foamed, preferably open-cell foamed polyamide, - solid polyamide or polyurethane and - optionally additionally solid polyurethane, wherein each of these layers is optionally applied in two or more plies.
Description
Le A 30 782-FC / KM/m/S-P 21 6 7 6 S 9 llollow Part with a multi-layer wall structure and Process for the production thereof This invention relates to a hollow part with a multi-layer wall structure and to a process for the production thereof.
Hollow parts, for example plastic tanks for storing liquids, in particular fuels and the like, are known. Polyamide or polyethylene are the most commonly used materials in this connection. For certain purposes, for example the storage of heating oil, an additional leakage safeguard is necessary in order to avoid environmental damage. This safeguard conventionally takes the form of a catch tray or a double tank wall. A double tank wall has an advantage over a catch tray if the tank is arranged underground or is located in a cellar, for example when renovating old buildings as a catch tray does not then have to be built around it.
Since double-walled tanks are often provided with leakage detection in order to indicate leakage of the inner tank wall while the outer tank wall retains the contents, it is necessary for the contents concerned, for example heating oil, or the leakage detection liquid to be able to flow through the layer between the two tank walls.
If used in the production of, for example, double-walled tanks, plastics are either used only in one layer (for example WO 8102562 or CH-A 440 134), wherein the other layer usually consists of concrete or stainless steel, or the layers are produced in two or more operations which differ in technique (for example US-A
4739895, EP-A 470 321, EP-A 520 978). Differing operations should be taken to mean, for example, thermoplastic shaping of a tank wall and brushing or sprayingwith epoxy resins after the insertion of films or mats.
Spacing materials which may be used are, for example, wire mesh (CH-A
440 134), tufted films (EP-A 470 321), packing paper (CH-A 618 658), non-woven fabrics (DE-A 658 971), resin-impregnated glass fibre mats (EP-A
520 978).
An essential feature for safety is also the mechanical stability of tanks. Systems which bring about a distinct increase in the strength of the tank walls are thusadvantageous.
LeA30782-FC 2167fiS9 The object was to provide a double-walled safety hollow part or hollow body, respectively, (for example tank) with the possibility of leakage indication of the inner tank wall, which part may be produced using a simple, uniform process and which additionally exhibits considerably improved mechanical strength in 5 comparison with single-walled tanks.
This object is achieved by developing hollow parts, for example tanks, with a multi-layer wall structure, characterised in that the wall structure consists, from the outside inwards, of layers of - solid polyamide, - foamed, preferably open-cell foamed polyamide, - solid polyamide or polyurethane and - optionally additionally solid polyurethane.
Each of these layers may be applied in two or more plies. According to the invention, the word "layer" designates the combination of uniform plies (uniform15 in relation to state, for example foam or solid, or to material, for example polyamide or polyurethane).
This structure ensures not only the necessary double-walled properties with the possibility of leakage detection, but is moreover very simple to produce. Thanks to the firm adhesion of the foam layer onto the inner and outer wall, there is a 20 considerable gain in strength of the overall structure with regard to mechanical loads. Thanks to the selection of strong, but nonetheless resilient materials, good resistance, in particular to impact or pressure, is ensured.
The present invention provides hollow parts, preferably tanks, with a multi-layer wall structure, characterised in that the wall structure consists, from the outside 25 inwards, of layers of - solid polyamide, - foamed, preferably open-cell foamed polyamide, - solid polyamide or polyurethane and - optionally additionally solid polyurethane, 30 wherein each of these layers is optionally applied in two or more plies.
LeA30782-FC 2167S~9 The hollow parts according to the invention may be used for the storage and/or transport of liquids, preferably flammable and/or toxic liquids, particularly preferably heating oil.
The hollow parts according to the invention may also be used to provide thermal 5 or mechanical insulation or shielding, for example as outer casings for motor bicycle exhausts.
The multi-layer hollow part structure according to the invention is intended fortanks with a capacity of between 1 l and 5,000 l, preferably of 500 l to 2,500 l. It is, in principle, feasible to produce larger or smaller tanks using this method.
10 The outer layer of the hollow part, preferably tank, according to the invention consists of polyamide.
For the purposes of the invention, polyamide is polyamide-12 (polylaurolactam), polyamide-6 (polycaprolactam) or copolyamides with 12 or 6 as the principal constituents. Polyamide-6 produced by activated anionic polymerisation, or 15 copolyamide produced by activated anionic polymerisation with polycaprolactam as the principal constituent is preferred.
Activated anionic polymerisation of lactams to yield polyamides is performed on an industrial scale in such a manner that, on the one hand, a solution of catalyst in lactam is produced and, on the other hand, a solution of activator in lactam, 20 wherein both solutions are conventionally of a composition such that combining them in an equal ratio yields the desired overall formulation. Other compositions may also be selected, for example adding concentrated activator to a lactam meltcontaining catalyst. Depending upon their compatibility, further additives may be incorporated into the activator, catalyst or optionally lactam melt.
25 Polymerisation proceeds by mixing the individual solutions to give the overall formulation at 80C to 200C, preferably at 100C to 140C.
Lactams which may be considered are cyclic lactams with 6 to 12 C atoms, preferably ~-laurolactam and particularly preferably E-caprolactam.
- -LeA30782-FC 2167659 For the purposes of the invention, the catalyst is a strong base, such as for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal lactamate, preferably as a solution in lactam, particularly preferably sodium caprolactamate in ~-caprolactam.
For the purposes of the invention, the activator may comprise N-acyllactams or S acid chlorides or, preferably, aliphatic isocyanates, particularly preferably oligomers of hexamethylene diisocyanate. The activator may be used both as the pure substance and, preferably, as a solution, for example in N-methylpyrrolidone.
Further additives may be, for example, impact strength modifiers, flame retardants, nucleation auxiliaries, dyes, extending oils, stabilisers, surface finish improvers, 10 fillers or reinforcing agents or mould release agents.
According to the invention, the foam layer between the inner and outer solid wall consists of foamed polyamide.
For the purposes of the invention, polyamide foam is polyamide- 12 (polylaurolactam) or polyamide-6 (polycaprolactam) or copolyamides with 12 or 6 15 as the principal constituents produced by activated anionic polymerisation which has been foamed during polymerisation. Foamed polyamide-6 produced by activated anionic polymerisation is preferred.
Activated anionic polymerisation of lactams to yield polyamide foam is performedon an industrial scale in such a manner that, on the one hand, a solution of 20 catalyst and blowing agent in lactam is produced and, on the other hand, a solution of activator and blowing agent in lactam, wherein both solutions are conventionally of a composition such that combining them in an equal ratio yields the desired overall formulation. This is, however, not necessary. Other compositions may also be selected, for example adding concentrated activator to a 25 lactam melt containing catalyst. Depending upon their compatibility, the blowing agents and further additives may be incorporated into the activator, catalyst oroptionally lactam melt.
Polymerisation proceeds by mixing the individual solutions to give the overall formulation at 80C to 200C, preferably at 100C to 140C.
LeA30 782-FC 216 ~ C59 Lactams which may be considered are cyclic lactams with 6 to 12 C atoms, preferably laurolactam and particularly preferably -caprolactam.
For the purposes of the invention, the catalyst for polyamide foam is a strong base, such as for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal lactamate, preferably 5 as a solution in lactam, particularly preferably sodium caprolactamate in -caprolactam.
For the purposes of the invention, the activator for polyamide foam may compriseN-acyllactams or acid chlorides or, preferably, aliphatic isocyanates. The activator may be used both as the pure substance and as derivatives, for example the urea 10 obtainable by reaction with lactam, or as a solution, for example in N-methylpyrrolidone.
Blowing agents which may be used according to the invention are vaporisable compounds or, preferably, compounds which elimin~te gas, hydrides being preferred, particularly preferably sodium borohydride.
15 Further additives may be, for example, impact strength modifiers, flame retardants, nucleation auxiliaries, dyes, extending oils, stabilisers, surface finish improvers, fillers or reinforcing agents and mould release agents.
The solid polyurethane layer preferably consists of a polyurethane material cont~ining urea groups. This is produced in the mould by combining a polyol 20 mixture and an isocyanate mixture.
The polyol mixture consists of:
50 to 95 wt.% of di- or more highly functional OH-terminated polyesters or polyester mixtures or, preferably, di- or more highly functional OH-terminated polyethers or polyether mixtures, or mixtures thereof, 25 5 to 50 wt.% of catalysts, chain extenders and additives such as, for example, lubricants and 2 to 5 wt.% of blowing agent, preferably water, LeA30782-FC 216765~
preferably with an overall OH value of the mixture of 100 to 500, particularly preferably of 220 to 370 (OH values determined to DIN 53 240).
The isocyanate mixture consists of aromatic di- or more highly functional isocyanates or of prepolymers thereof. Preferred substances are 4,4'-5 diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, prepolymers of 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, phosgenated aniline-formaldehyde condensation products together with mixtures thereof.
Preferred isocyanate mixtures have an NCO content of 20 to 38 wt.%, particularlypreferably of 25 to 34 wt.%.
10 The process according to the invention for the production of the hollow part, for example tank, according to the invention consists in rotating a mould, for example a mould as is conventionally used for the production of single wall cast poly~mide tanks, around two axes simultaneously and introducing in succession the mixturesfor the production of the individual plies, in succession from the outside inwards, 15 in such a manner that the following layer is in each case applied once the preceding layer has completely reacted. The mould temperature should be 120C
to 220C, preferably 150C to 180C. The polyurethane system may, as soon as the cast polyamide layer has completely reacted, be applied onto the still hot cast polyamide, but may also be applied after cooling and removal from the mould in a20 completely separate operation, for example at room temperature.
The tanks according to the invention may be used for the storage and/or transport of liquids, in particular of flammable and/or toxic and/or environmentally harmful liquids, oils etc..
The tanks according to the invention may be mechanically finished using the 25 methods conventional for plastics. Subsequent installation of a leakage indication system between the inner and outer tank wall is also possible The tanks according to the invention may be used for the storage and/or transport of fuels, for example petrol or diesel oil, for example in cars, goods vehicles or motor bicycles.
LeA30782-FC 216 ~ 6~
._ 7 The hollow parts according to the invention are also, for example, suitable for acoustic, thermal and/or mechanical insulation or shielding, for example as outer casings for motor bicycle exhausts, silencers etc..
ExamPle 5 A rectangular rotational mould with a capacity of 15 l is evenly heated to 200C
while being rotated around two axes.
The mould is then briefly halted, 600 g of a polyamide polymerisation mixture are introduced and rotation around two axes is immediately continued. The polyamide polymerisation mixture consists of 10 97.8 wt.% of caprolactam, 1.7 wt.% of catalyst (18 wt.% solution of sodium lactamate in e-caprolactam) and0.5 wt.% of activator (oligomer of hexamethylene diisocyanate as a 70 wt.%
solution in N-methylpyrrolidone).
After 5 minutes, polymerisation is complete. The mould is halted again and the 15 polyamide foam mixture (600 g) is introduced. As soon as the mixture has beenintroduced, rotation is again continued around two axes simultaneously.
After 7 minutes, foaming is complete. The mould is halted again and the reactionmixture (600 g) to produce the solid polyamide inner layer is introduced. As soon as the mixture has been introduced, rotation is again continued around two axes 20 simultaneously.
After a reaction time of 4 minutes, the part is removed from the mould.
A hollow part with a solid polyamide outer layer, an open-cell polyamide foam layer and a solid polyamide inner layer is obtained.
Hollow parts, for example plastic tanks for storing liquids, in particular fuels and the like, are known. Polyamide or polyethylene are the most commonly used materials in this connection. For certain purposes, for example the storage of heating oil, an additional leakage safeguard is necessary in order to avoid environmental damage. This safeguard conventionally takes the form of a catch tray or a double tank wall. A double tank wall has an advantage over a catch tray if the tank is arranged underground or is located in a cellar, for example when renovating old buildings as a catch tray does not then have to be built around it.
Since double-walled tanks are often provided with leakage detection in order to indicate leakage of the inner tank wall while the outer tank wall retains the contents, it is necessary for the contents concerned, for example heating oil, or the leakage detection liquid to be able to flow through the layer between the two tank walls.
If used in the production of, for example, double-walled tanks, plastics are either used only in one layer (for example WO 8102562 or CH-A 440 134), wherein the other layer usually consists of concrete or stainless steel, or the layers are produced in two or more operations which differ in technique (for example US-A
4739895, EP-A 470 321, EP-A 520 978). Differing operations should be taken to mean, for example, thermoplastic shaping of a tank wall and brushing or sprayingwith epoxy resins after the insertion of films or mats.
Spacing materials which may be used are, for example, wire mesh (CH-A
440 134), tufted films (EP-A 470 321), packing paper (CH-A 618 658), non-woven fabrics (DE-A 658 971), resin-impregnated glass fibre mats (EP-A
520 978).
An essential feature for safety is also the mechanical stability of tanks. Systems which bring about a distinct increase in the strength of the tank walls are thusadvantageous.
LeA30782-FC 2167fiS9 The object was to provide a double-walled safety hollow part or hollow body, respectively, (for example tank) with the possibility of leakage indication of the inner tank wall, which part may be produced using a simple, uniform process and which additionally exhibits considerably improved mechanical strength in 5 comparison with single-walled tanks.
This object is achieved by developing hollow parts, for example tanks, with a multi-layer wall structure, characterised in that the wall structure consists, from the outside inwards, of layers of - solid polyamide, - foamed, preferably open-cell foamed polyamide, - solid polyamide or polyurethane and - optionally additionally solid polyurethane.
Each of these layers may be applied in two or more plies. According to the invention, the word "layer" designates the combination of uniform plies (uniform15 in relation to state, for example foam or solid, or to material, for example polyamide or polyurethane).
This structure ensures not only the necessary double-walled properties with the possibility of leakage detection, but is moreover very simple to produce. Thanks to the firm adhesion of the foam layer onto the inner and outer wall, there is a 20 considerable gain in strength of the overall structure with regard to mechanical loads. Thanks to the selection of strong, but nonetheless resilient materials, good resistance, in particular to impact or pressure, is ensured.
The present invention provides hollow parts, preferably tanks, with a multi-layer wall structure, characterised in that the wall structure consists, from the outside 25 inwards, of layers of - solid polyamide, - foamed, preferably open-cell foamed polyamide, - solid polyamide or polyurethane and - optionally additionally solid polyurethane, 30 wherein each of these layers is optionally applied in two or more plies.
LeA30782-FC 2167S~9 The hollow parts according to the invention may be used for the storage and/or transport of liquids, preferably flammable and/or toxic liquids, particularly preferably heating oil.
The hollow parts according to the invention may also be used to provide thermal 5 or mechanical insulation or shielding, for example as outer casings for motor bicycle exhausts.
The multi-layer hollow part structure according to the invention is intended fortanks with a capacity of between 1 l and 5,000 l, preferably of 500 l to 2,500 l. It is, in principle, feasible to produce larger or smaller tanks using this method.
10 The outer layer of the hollow part, preferably tank, according to the invention consists of polyamide.
For the purposes of the invention, polyamide is polyamide-12 (polylaurolactam), polyamide-6 (polycaprolactam) or copolyamides with 12 or 6 as the principal constituents. Polyamide-6 produced by activated anionic polymerisation, or 15 copolyamide produced by activated anionic polymerisation with polycaprolactam as the principal constituent is preferred.
Activated anionic polymerisation of lactams to yield polyamides is performed on an industrial scale in such a manner that, on the one hand, a solution of catalyst in lactam is produced and, on the other hand, a solution of activator in lactam, 20 wherein both solutions are conventionally of a composition such that combining them in an equal ratio yields the desired overall formulation. Other compositions may also be selected, for example adding concentrated activator to a lactam meltcontaining catalyst. Depending upon their compatibility, further additives may be incorporated into the activator, catalyst or optionally lactam melt.
25 Polymerisation proceeds by mixing the individual solutions to give the overall formulation at 80C to 200C, preferably at 100C to 140C.
Lactams which may be considered are cyclic lactams with 6 to 12 C atoms, preferably ~-laurolactam and particularly preferably E-caprolactam.
- -LeA30782-FC 2167659 For the purposes of the invention, the catalyst is a strong base, such as for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal lactamate, preferably as a solution in lactam, particularly preferably sodium caprolactamate in ~-caprolactam.
For the purposes of the invention, the activator may comprise N-acyllactams or S acid chlorides or, preferably, aliphatic isocyanates, particularly preferably oligomers of hexamethylene diisocyanate. The activator may be used both as the pure substance and, preferably, as a solution, for example in N-methylpyrrolidone.
Further additives may be, for example, impact strength modifiers, flame retardants, nucleation auxiliaries, dyes, extending oils, stabilisers, surface finish improvers, 10 fillers or reinforcing agents or mould release agents.
According to the invention, the foam layer between the inner and outer solid wall consists of foamed polyamide.
For the purposes of the invention, polyamide foam is polyamide- 12 (polylaurolactam) or polyamide-6 (polycaprolactam) or copolyamides with 12 or 6 15 as the principal constituents produced by activated anionic polymerisation which has been foamed during polymerisation. Foamed polyamide-6 produced by activated anionic polymerisation is preferred.
Activated anionic polymerisation of lactams to yield polyamide foam is performedon an industrial scale in such a manner that, on the one hand, a solution of 20 catalyst and blowing agent in lactam is produced and, on the other hand, a solution of activator and blowing agent in lactam, wherein both solutions are conventionally of a composition such that combining them in an equal ratio yields the desired overall formulation. This is, however, not necessary. Other compositions may also be selected, for example adding concentrated activator to a 25 lactam melt containing catalyst. Depending upon their compatibility, the blowing agents and further additives may be incorporated into the activator, catalyst oroptionally lactam melt.
Polymerisation proceeds by mixing the individual solutions to give the overall formulation at 80C to 200C, preferably at 100C to 140C.
LeA30 782-FC 216 ~ C59 Lactams which may be considered are cyclic lactams with 6 to 12 C atoms, preferably laurolactam and particularly preferably -caprolactam.
For the purposes of the invention, the catalyst for polyamide foam is a strong base, such as for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal lactamate, preferably 5 as a solution in lactam, particularly preferably sodium caprolactamate in -caprolactam.
For the purposes of the invention, the activator for polyamide foam may compriseN-acyllactams or acid chlorides or, preferably, aliphatic isocyanates. The activator may be used both as the pure substance and as derivatives, for example the urea 10 obtainable by reaction with lactam, or as a solution, for example in N-methylpyrrolidone.
Blowing agents which may be used according to the invention are vaporisable compounds or, preferably, compounds which elimin~te gas, hydrides being preferred, particularly preferably sodium borohydride.
15 Further additives may be, for example, impact strength modifiers, flame retardants, nucleation auxiliaries, dyes, extending oils, stabilisers, surface finish improvers, fillers or reinforcing agents and mould release agents.
The solid polyurethane layer preferably consists of a polyurethane material cont~ining urea groups. This is produced in the mould by combining a polyol 20 mixture and an isocyanate mixture.
The polyol mixture consists of:
50 to 95 wt.% of di- or more highly functional OH-terminated polyesters or polyester mixtures or, preferably, di- or more highly functional OH-terminated polyethers or polyether mixtures, or mixtures thereof, 25 5 to 50 wt.% of catalysts, chain extenders and additives such as, for example, lubricants and 2 to 5 wt.% of blowing agent, preferably water, LeA30782-FC 216765~
preferably with an overall OH value of the mixture of 100 to 500, particularly preferably of 220 to 370 (OH values determined to DIN 53 240).
The isocyanate mixture consists of aromatic di- or more highly functional isocyanates or of prepolymers thereof. Preferred substances are 4,4'-5 diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, prepolymers of 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, phosgenated aniline-formaldehyde condensation products together with mixtures thereof.
Preferred isocyanate mixtures have an NCO content of 20 to 38 wt.%, particularlypreferably of 25 to 34 wt.%.
10 The process according to the invention for the production of the hollow part, for example tank, according to the invention consists in rotating a mould, for example a mould as is conventionally used for the production of single wall cast poly~mide tanks, around two axes simultaneously and introducing in succession the mixturesfor the production of the individual plies, in succession from the outside inwards, 15 in such a manner that the following layer is in each case applied once the preceding layer has completely reacted. The mould temperature should be 120C
to 220C, preferably 150C to 180C. The polyurethane system may, as soon as the cast polyamide layer has completely reacted, be applied onto the still hot cast polyamide, but may also be applied after cooling and removal from the mould in a20 completely separate operation, for example at room temperature.
The tanks according to the invention may be used for the storage and/or transport of liquids, in particular of flammable and/or toxic and/or environmentally harmful liquids, oils etc..
The tanks according to the invention may be mechanically finished using the 25 methods conventional for plastics. Subsequent installation of a leakage indication system between the inner and outer tank wall is also possible The tanks according to the invention may be used for the storage and/or transport of fuels, for example petrol or diesel oil, for example in cars, goods vehicles or motor bicycles.
LeA30782-FC 216 ~ 6~
._ 7 The hollow parts according to the invention are also, for example, suitable for acoustic, thermal and/or mechanical insulation or shielding, for example as outer casings for motor bicycle exhausts, silencers etc..
ExamPle 5 A rectangular rotational mould with a capacity of 15 l is evenly heated to 200C
while being rotated around two axes.
The mould is then briefly halted, 600 g of a polyamide polymerisation mixture are introduced and rotation around two axes is immediately continued. The polyamide polymerisation mixture consists of 10 97.8 wt.% of caprolactam, 1.7 wt.% of catalyst (18 wt.% solution of sodium lactamate in e-caprolactam) and0.5 wt.% of activator (oligomer of hexamethylene diisocyanate as a 70 wt.%
solution in N-methylpyrrolidone).
After 5 minutes, polymerisation is complete. The mould is halted again and the 15 polyamide foam mixture (600 g) is introduced. As soon as the mixture has beenintroduced, rotation is again continued around two axes simultaneously.
After 7 minutes, foaming is complete. The mould is halted again and the reactionmixture (600 g) to produce the solid polyamide inner layer is introduced. As soon as the mixture has been introduced, rotation is again continued around two axes 20 simultaneously.
After a reaction time of 4 minutes, the part is removed from the mould.
A hollow part with a solid polyamide outer layer, an open-cell polyamide foam layer and a solid polyamide inner layer is obtained.
Claims (10)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Hollow part with a multi-layer wall structure, characterised in that the wall structure consists, from the outside inwards, of layers of solid polyamide, foamed polyamide, solid polyamide or polyurethane.
2. Hollow part according to claim 1, characterised in that said open-cell polyamide is foamed.
3. Hollow part according to claim 1, including an additional inside layer of solid polyurethane.
4. Hollow part according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of said layers is applied in two or more plies.
5. Hollow part according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the polyamide is polyamide-12 (poly-laurolactam) or polyamide-6 (polycaprolactam) or copolyamides with 12 or 6 as the principal constituents.
6. Hollow part according to claim 2, characterised in that the open-cell foamed polyamide is polyamide-12 (poly-laurolactam) or polyamide-6 (polycaprolactam) or copolyamides with 12 or 6 as the principal constituents produced by activated anionic polymerisation, which is foamed during polymerisation.
7. Hollow part according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 6, characterised in that the solid polyurethane is produced in the mould by combining a polyol mixture and an isocyanate mixture.
8. Hollow part according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 6, which is a tank.
9. Process for the production of the hollow part according to claim 1, characterised in that a mould is rotated around two axes simultaneously and the reactive melts for the production of the layers are introduced in such a manner that the following layer is in each case applied once the preceding layer has completely reacted and that the optional additional polyurethane layer may be introduced immediately thereafter or subsequently.
10. Use of the hollow part according to claim 1, as a storage container for oils and fuels.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19502085A DE19502085A1 (en) | 1995-01-24 | 1995-01-24 | Hollow body with multi-layer wall structure and process for its production |
DE19502085.5 | 1995-01-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2167659A1 true CA2167659A1 (en) | 1996-07-25 |
Family
ID=7752196
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002167659A Abandoned CA2167659A1 (en) | 1995-01-24 | 1996-01-19 | Hollow part with a multi-layer wall structure and process for the production thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0723922A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH08294978A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2167659A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19502085A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI960302A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITBO20120639A1 (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-05-24 | Res & Dev S R L | METHOD FOR MULTISTRATE DEVICES FOR THE CONTAINMENT OF HYDROCARBONS AND DEVICES SO MADE. |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19650358A1 (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-06-10 | Ver Foerderung Inst Kunststoff | Multilayer plastic insulating container in any required shape for e.g. domestic use |
DE102004023533A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-12-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Heat insulated container, especially tank for gaseous or cryogenic fuels for motor vehicles, has at least sections of inner container and/or outer container consisting of plastic with coating or inlay of metal and/or of nanoparticles |
DE102007018191A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-23 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Tailpipe trim assembly and tail fairing |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1729106A1 (en) * | 1967-11-28 | 1971-06-03 | Thermovox Gmbh | Process for the production of closed and open containers and molded parts from plastics and containers and molded parts produced in this way |
FR2576544B1 (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1987-06-05 | Bouyer Cie Ets Paul | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW OBJECTS BY MOLDING, DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED |
DE3524881A1 (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-01-22 | Elkamet Werk | Vessel for liquids, in particular fuel tank made of thermoplastic and process for the production thereof |
IT1229220B (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-07-26 | Montedipe Spa | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LARGE SIZE ITEMS, MADE UP OF MODIFIED POLYAMIDE |
US5076703A (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1991-12-31 | Mcneilus Truck And Manufacturing, Inc. | Hydraulic oil tank |
-
1995
- 1995-01-24 DE DE19502085A patent/DE19502085A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-01-11 EP EP96100321A patent/EP0723922A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-01-19 JP JP8024878A patent/JPH08294978A/en active Pending
- 1996-01-19 CA CA002167659A patent/CA2167659A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-22 FI FI960302A patent/FI960302A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITBO20120639A1 (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-05-24 | Res & Dev S R L | METHOD FOR MULTISTRATE DEVICES FOR THE CONTAINMENT OF HYDROCARBONS AND DEVICES SO MADE. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI960302A (en) | 1996-07-25 |
DE19502085A1 (en) | 1996-07-25 |
EP0723922A3 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
EP0723922A2 (en) | 1996-07-31 |
FI960302A0 (en) | 1996-01-22 |
JPH08294978A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
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