CA2156346A1 - White food casing having low tio2 loading - Google Patents
White food casing having low tio2 loadingInfo
- Publication number
- CA2156346A1 CA2156346A1 CA002156346A CA2156346A CA2156346A1 CA 2156346 A1 CA2156346 A1 CA 2156346A1 CA 002156346 A CA002156346 A CA 002156346A CA 2156346 A CA2156346 A CA 2156346A CA 2156346 A1 CA2156346 A1 CA 2156346A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- titanium dioxide
- casing
- viscose
- food casing
- pigment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 2
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical class ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXEUETBFKVCRNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-ethyl-3-carbazolamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2N(CC)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 OXEUETBFKVCRNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001055 blue pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001054 red pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C13/00—Sausage casings
- A22C13/0013—Chemical composition of synthetic sausage casings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
- Y10S206/802—Shirred sausage casing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1324—Flexible food casing [e.g., sausage type, etc.]
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
Abstract
An improved white food casing comprising regenerated cellulose containing titanium dioxide pigment in a weight ratio of less than 0.5 to regenerated cellulose in the casing and containing from about 0.3 to about 1. 2 milligrams per square meter of casing of a water insoluble violet pigment. The titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment are uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose without agglomeration. The food casing usually has an optical density at least as high as a similar food casing containing fifteen percent more titanium dioxide pigment and no violet pigment. The food casing desirably contains titanium dioxide in an amount of less than 15 and preferably less than 13 grams per square meter of food casing. The invention also includes an improved method for making a white food casing comprising cellulose regenerated from viscose having titanium dioxide incorporated therein; wherein the improvement comprises uniformly dispersing titanium dioxide pigment into viscose at a ratio of less than 0.5 titanium dioxide to viscose; uniformly dispersing a water insoluble violet pigment into the viscose in an amount which will result in from about 0.3 to about 1.2 milligrams per square meter of surface area of the casing; and extruding and coagulating the resulting viscose onto a fiber web in the shape of a tube to form a white tubular food casing. The violet pigment is selected to be stable to and alkalized to a pH
of at least 7.5 prior to incorporation into the viscose.
of at least 7.5 prior to incorporation into the viscose.
Description
21~63~6 PATENT
TPP: 568 US
P/A ~32 WHITE FOOD CAgING ~AVING LOW Tio2 LOADING
Backqround of the Invention This invention relate6 to white food casing and particularly such food casings as are used to package materials such as 5 sausages.
Traditionally there has been a demand for sausage meats packaged in a white food casing. This has usually been accomplished by incorporating titanium dioxide into the sausage casing, which is usually a regenerated cellulose sausage ca6ing 10 which is commonly fiber reinforced, e.g. with cellulose fiber.
Unfortunately there have been problems associated with regenerated cellulose and other sausage casings loaded with titanium dioxide to obtain a white color. In particular, the casing was required to contain a high loading of titanium dioxide 15 to obtain suf f icient opacity . Such casings caused brown streaks in f inal customer product . The titanium dioxide often caused stiffness in the casing which was difficult to reel and which often resulted in folds which in turn caused pPrron~nt creasing with resulting poor printing characteristics, and the color of 20 the casing was usually slightly yellow instead of pure white.
Additionally the high Tio2 loading caused uneven viscose distribution on the casing and pigment distribution was not as good as desired.
~ 215~346 Brief DescriPtion of the Invention There is therefore a need for a pure "white" food casing, especially for use in packaging of sausage meats, which doe6 not have the disadvantages described above.
The invention comprises an improved white food casing comprising regenerated cellulose containing titanium dioxide pigment in a weight ratio of less than 0 . 5 to regenerated cellulose in the casing and containing from about 0 . 3 to about 1. 2 milligrams per square meter of ca6ing of a water insoluble 10 violet pigment. The titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment are uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose without agglomeration .
The food casing usually has an optical density at least as high as a similar food casing containing f if teen percent more 15 titanium dioxide pigment and no violet pigment. Furthermore the food casing is nearly pure white in color, has improved flexibility over prior titanium dioxide white food casings of similar opacity, does not cause streaking of contained food product, and has improved reeling characteristics. The viscose 20 and pigment distribution was; l~v~d over a similar casing with a similar opacity and higher titanium dioxide loading and no violet pigment.
The food casing desirably contains titanium dioxide in an amount of leæs than 15 and preferably less than 13 grams per 25 square meter of food casing.
21~3~6 The invention also includes an improved method for making a white food casing compri6ing cellulose regenerated from viscose having titanium dioxide incorporated therein; wherein the improvement comprises uniformly dispersing titanium dioxide 5 pigment into viscose at a ratio of less than 0 . 5 titanium dioxide to viscose; uniformly dispersing a water insoluble violet pigment into the viscose in an amount which will result in from about 0 . 3 to about 1. 2 milligrams per square meter of surface area of the casing; and extruding and coagulating the resulting lo viscose onto a fiber web in the shape of a tube to form a white tubular f ood casing . The violet pigment is selected to be stable to and alkalized to a pH of at least 7 . 5 prior to incoL~ tion into the viscose.
DetA i 1 ed Descri~tion Qf thP Inv~ntiQn The white food casing Or the invention is to be used for packaging f ood products, P~pe~ A~ 1 1 y sausage products . The f ood casing comprises regenerated cellulose, which is usually regenerated from xanthate viscose. The food casing is usually a fibrous food casing, i.e. it comprises regenerated cellulose as a continuous phase over a reinforcing fibrous web, which is usually in the form of a cellulose fiber paper. The casing may, however, be a non-reinforced casing product in the form of an extruded and coagulated viscose. In essentially all ca:~es, the casing i~3 in 25 the form of a tube. Methods for manufacturing fibrous and unreinforced food casings which comprise regenerated cellulose are well known to those skilled in the art.
The titanium dioxide pigment, comprises comminuted and dispersed titanium dioxide, as well known to those skilled in the art. Often dispersing aids, such as surfactants are present.
Other additives such as ~Lc3_,v~tives may also be present. The particle size of the particles in the titanium dioxide pigment are quite small and may be submicron in size.
In accordance with the invention, the quantity of titanium dioxide pigment required to obtain a given opacity may be reduced when compared with the quantity of titanium dioxide in previously known white food casings which compri6e regenerated cellulose.
In previously known food casings comprising regenerated cellulose, the ratio of titanium dioxide pigment to regenerated cellulose was usually greater than 0 . 5 and often greater than 0. 55 in order to obtain the desired opacity. In accordance with the present invention, the same opacity can be obtained at weight ratios of titanium dioxide to regenerated cellulose of less than 0 . 5 and usually as low as about 0 . 4 or lower .
The quantity of titanium dioxide present in the casing of the invention based upon surface area of casing is usually below 15 grams per square meter, preferably below 14 grams per square meter and most preferably below 13 grams per square meter of casing to obtain a target optical density (opacity) of greater 25 than 0. 6 . Previously known white casings comprising regenerated . ~ 215~346 cellulose commonly contained from 16 to 18 grams of titanium dioxide per square meter of casing. Optical density (OD) as used herein is defined as follows:
Optical Den6ity = LoglO In~n~i~Y of Tnciden~ T i~Sht Inten6ity of Transmitted Light In accordance with the present invention the lower required quantity titanium dioxide has been unexpectedly found to be due to incorporation of a very low percentage of a water insoluble violet pigment. It has further been found that to be effectively uniformly dispersed into the viscose, the pigment must be ~lkili7ed, e.g. to from a pH of 7.5 to 12 desirably prior to incoL~o, ~.tion. Such pigment must therefore be stable at such a pH, i.e. it should not precipitate, agglomerate, or de ~-Ee at the desired pH or in the viscose. A number of suitable violet pigments may be used including blends of red and blue pigments.
For the purposes of this invention from about o. 3 to about 1. 2 milligrams per square meter of casing is a preferred concentration of the violet pigment which is usually les~ than 0.1 percent of the concentration of titanium dioxide pigment.
This exceedingly ~small concentration of violet pigment surprisingly permits the elimination of from 5 to 3096 of the titanium dioxide while maintaining comparable optical density.
An eElpecially suitable violet pigment for the ~ uses of this invention iE. Violet #23 having Color Index Number 51319.
2156~4~
This pigment may be obtained by condensing 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole with chloranil in trichlorobenzenes.
In accordance with the present invention, the casing is made by known means except that the quantity of added titanium dioxide plgment ia reduced and the low ~,v-.ct:-lLLc.tion of violet pigment is added .
In particular titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment is dispersed into the viscose before the casing i8 formed and the viscose i8 regenerated, Concentrations added to the viscose are a~ described above, To prevent fl~ sition and interference with the properties of the viscose, the violet pigment is desirably first alkalized to a pH of from 7,5 to 11, preferably from 8 to 10. Any suitable alkalizing agent such as sodium hydroxide may be used. The titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment may be added separately or together, For simplicity of operations, the pigments are commonly blended together and added simultaneously .
The following example 6erves to illustrate and not limit the present invention:
A pigment slurry is made by blending 39, 876% of titanium dioxide pigment (white pigment number 6, CI index number 77891) with 0. 002349~ of Violet 23 pigment (CI index number 51319) with Titanium dioxide representing 99 . 994% of the total pigment and Violet number 23 , e~ s~:..Ling o, 006% of the total pigment, The 25 pigment slurry is then add mixed with xanthate viscose prior to .
,. ~ 21563~6 extrusion onto a fibrous web in accordance with known operating pIoc~duL~s. The pigment add-on in the finished product is about 12 . 5 g/m2 Of TiO2 and 0 . 723 mg/m2 of Violet 23 . The resulting product had an optical density of about 0 . 6 . which would have 5 required at least about 16 g/m2 titanium dioxide add on in the absence of the violet pigment used in accordance with the present inventioll. In addition, the casing had;, Jv~=d flexibility, whitenes6, and pigment distribution and did not cause streaking in contained product when compared with a white casing having a 10 similar optical density made without the violet pigment in accordance with the present invention. Viscose distribution is improved .,
TPP: 568 US
P/A ~32 WHITE FOOD CAgING ~AVING LOW Tio2 LOADING
Backqround of the Invention This invention relate6 to white food casing and particularly such food casings as are used to package materials such as 5 sausages.
Traditionally there has been a demand for sausage meats packaged in a white food casing. This has usually been accomplished by incorporating titanium dioxide into the sausage casing, which is usually a regenerated cellulose sausage ca6ing 10 which is commonly fiber reinforced, e.g. with cellulose fiber.
Unfortunately there have been problems associated with regenerated cellulose and other sausage casings loaded with titanium dioxide to obtain a white color. In particular, the casing was required to contain a high loading of titanium dioxide 15 to obtain suf f icient opacity . Such casings caused brown streaks in f inal customer product . The titanium dioxide often caused stiffness in the casing which was difficult to reel and which often resulted in folds which in turn caused pPrron~nt creasing with resulting poor printing characteristics, and the color of 20 the casing was usually slightly yellow instead of pure white.
Additionally the high Tio2 loading caused uneven viscose distribution on the casing and pigment distribution was not as good as desired.
~ 215~346 Brief DescriPtion of the Invention There is therefore a need for a pure "white" food casing, especially for use in packaging of sausage meats, which doe6 not have the disadvantages described above.
The invention comprises an improved white food casing comprising regenerated cellulose containing titanium dioxide pigment in a weight ratio of less than 0 . 5 to regenerated cellulose in the casing and containing from about 0 . 3 to about 1. 2 milligrams per square meter of ca6ing of a water insoluble 10 violet pigment. The titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment are uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose without agglomeration .
The food casing usually has an optical density at least as high as a similar food casing containing f if teen percent more 15 titanium dioxide pigment and no violet pigment. Furthermore the food casing is nearly pure white in color, has improved flexibility over prior titanium dioxide white food casings of similar opacity, does not cause streaking of contained food product, and has improved reeling characteristics. The viscose 20 and pigment distribution was; l~v~d over a similar casing with a similar opacity and higher titanium dioxide loading and no violet pigment.
The food casing desirably contains titanium dioxide in an amount of leæs than 15 and preferably less than 13 grams per 25 square meter of food casing.
21~3~6 The invention also includes an improved method for making a white food casing compri6ing cellulose regenerated from viscose having titanium dioxide incorporated therein; wherein the improvement comprises uniformly dispersing titanium dioxide 5 pigment into viscose at a ratio of less than 0 . 5 titanium dioxide to viscose; uniformly dispersing a water insoluble violet pigment into the viscose in an amount which will result in from about 0 . 3 to about 1. 2 milligrams per square meter of surface area of the casing; and extruding and coagulating the resulting lo viscose onto a fiber web in the shape of a tube to form a white tubular f ood casing . The violet pigment is selected to be stable to and alkalized to a pH of at least 7 . 5 prior to incoL~ tion into the viscose.
DetA i 1 ed Descri~tion Qf thP Inv~ntiQn The white food casing Or the invention is to be used for packaging f ood products, P~pe~ A~ 1 1 y sausage products . The f ood casing comprises regenerated cellulose, which is usually regenerated from xanthate viscose. The food casing is usually a fibrous food casing, i.e. it comprises regenerated cellulose as a continuous phase over a reinforcing fibrous web, which is usually in the form of a cellulose fiber paper. The casing may, however, be a non-reinforced casing product in the form of an extruded and coagulated viscose. In essentially all ca:~es, the casing i~3 in 25 the form of a tube. Methods for manufacturing fibrous and unreinforced food casings which comprise regenerated cellulose are well known to those skilled in the art.
The titanium dioxide pigment, comprises comminuted and dispersed titanium dioxide, as well known to those skilled in the art. Often dispersing aids, such as surfactants are present.
Other additives such as ~Lc3_,v~tives may also be present. The particle size of the particles in the titanium dioxide pigment are quite small and may be submicron in size.
In accordance with the invention, the quantity of titanium dioxide pigment required to obtain a given opacity may be reduced when compared with the quantity of titanium dioxide in previously known white food casings which compri6e regenerated cellulose.
In previously known food casings comprising regenerated cellulose, the ratio of titanium dioxide pigment to regenerated cellulose was usually greater than 0 . 5 and often greater than 0. 55 in order to obtain the desired opacity. In accordance with the present invention, the same opacity can be obtained at weight ratios of titanium dioxide to regenerated cellulose of less than 0 . 5 and usually as low as about 0 . 4 or lower .
The quantity of titanium dioxide present in the casing of the invention based upon surface area of casing is usually below 15 grams per square meter, preferably below 14 grams per square meter and most preferably below 13 grams per square meter of casing to obtain a target optical density (opacity) of greater 25 than 0. 6 . Previously known white casings comprising regenerated . ~ 215~346 cellulose commonly contained from 16 to 18 grams of titanium dioxide per square meter of casing. Optical density (OD) as used herein is defined as follows:
Optical Den6ity = LoglO In~n~i~Y of Tnciden~ T i~Sht Inten6ity of Transmitted Light In accordance with the present invention the lower required quantity titanium dioxide has been unexpectedly found to be due to incorporation of a very low percentage of a water insoluble violet pigment. It has further been found that to be effectively uniformly dispersed into the viscose, the pigment must be ~lkili7ed, e.g. to from a pH of 7.5 to 12 desirably prior to incoL~o, ~.tion. Such pigment must therefore be stable at such a pH, i.e. it should not precipitate, agglomerate, or de ~-Ee at the desired pH or in the viscose. A number of suitable violet pigments may be used including blends of red and blue pigments.
For the purposes of this invention from about o. 3 to about 1. 2 milligrams per square meter of casing is a preferred concentration of the violet pigment which is usually les~ than 0.1 percent of the concentration of titanium dioxide pigment.
This exceedingly ~small concentration of violet pigment surprisingly permits the elimination of from 5 to 3096 of the titanium dioxide while maintaining comparable optical density.
An eElpecially suitable violet pigment for the ~ uses of this invention iE. Violet #23 having Color Index Number 51319.
2156~4~
This pigment may be obtained by condensing 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole with chloranil in trichlorobenzenes.
In accordance with the present invention, the casing is made by known means except that the quantity of added titanium dioxide plgment ia reduced and the low ~,v-.ct:-lLLc.tion of violet pigment is added .
In particular titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment is dispersed into the viscose before the casing i8 formed and the viscose i8 regenerated, Concentrations added to the viscose are a~ described above, To prevent fl~ sition and interference with the properties of the viscose, the violet pigment is desirably first alkalized to a pH of from 7,5 to 11, preferably from 8 to 10. Any suitable alkalizing agent such as sodium hydroxide may be used. The titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment may be added separately or together, For simplicity of operations, the pigments are commonly blended together and added simultaneously .
The following example 6erves to illustrate and not limit the present invention:
A pigment slurry is made by blending 39, 876% of titanium dioxide pigment (white pigment number 6, CI index number 77891) with 0. 002349~ of Violet 23 pigment (CI index number 51319) with Titanium dioxide representing 99 . 994% of the total pigment and Violet number 23 , e~ s~:..Ling o, 006% of the total pigment, The 25 pigment slurry is then add mixed with xanthate viscose prior to .
,. ~ 21563~6 extrusion onto a fibrous web in accordance with known operating pIoc~duL~s. The pigment add-on in the finished product is about 12 . 5 g/m2 Of TiO2 and 0 . 723 mg/m2 of Violet 23 . The resulting product had an optical density of about 0 . 6 . which would have 5 required at least about 16 g/m2 titanium dioxide add on in the absence of the violet pigment used in accordance with the present inventioll. In addition, the casing had;, Jv~=d flexibility, whitenes6, and pigment distribution and did not cause streaking in contained product when compared with a white casing having a 10 similar optical density made without the violet pigment in accordance with the present invention. Viscose distribution is improved .,
Claims (8)
1. An improved white food casing comprising regenerated cellulose containing titanium dioxide pigment in a weight ratio of less than 0.5 to regenerated cellulose in the casing and containing from about 0.3 to about 1.2 milligrams per square meter of casing of a water insoluble violet pigment, said titanium dioxide pigment and violet pigment being uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose without agglomeration.
2. The food casing of claim 1, wherein said food casing has an optical density at least as high as a similar food casing containing fifteen percent more titanium dioxide pigment and no violet pigment.
3. The food casing of claim 1 wherein the food casing is a fibrous food casing.
4. The food casing of claim 1 wherein the titanium dioxide is in an amount less than 15 grams per square meter of surface area of the casing.
5. The food casing of claim 1 wherein the titanium dioxide is present in an amount of less than 13 grams per square meter of surface area of the casing.
6. An improved method for making a white food casing comprising cellulose regenerated from viscose having titanium dioxide incorporated therein; wherein the improvement comprises uniformly dispersing titanium dioxide pigment into viscose at a ratio of less than 0.5 titanium dioxide to viscose; uniformly dispersing a water insoluble violet pigment into the viscose in an amount which will result in from about 0.3 to about 1.2 milligrams per square meter of surface area of the casing; and extruding and coagulating the resulting viscose onto a fiber web in the shape of a tube to form a white tubular food casing, said violet pigment being stable to and alkalized to a pH of at least 7.5 prior to incorporation into the viscose.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the titanium dioxide is incorporated into the viscose in an amount which will result in less than 15 grams per square meter of food casing.
8. The method of claim 6 wherein the titanium dioxide is incorporated into the viscose in an amount which will result in less than 13 grams per square meter of food casing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/296,790 US6171668B1 (en) | 1994-08-26 | 1994-08-26 | White food casing having low TiO2 loading |
| US08/296,790 | 1994-08-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2156346A1 true CA2156346A1 (en) | 1996-02-27 |
Family
ID=23143568
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002156346A Abandoned CA2156346A1 (en) | 1994-08-26 | 1995-08-17 | White food casing having low tio2 loading |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6171668B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0698346A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2156346A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI107582B (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 2001-09-14 | Eriksson Capital Ab | Cellulosic skin and process for its preparation |
| ATE226396T1 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2002-11-15 | Becker & Co Naturinwerk | BLACK EDIBLE COLLAGEN FLAT FILM AND FOODS CONTAINING THIS FILM |
| DE19839856A1 (en) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-04-20 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Preparation agent |
| DE10231810A1 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-02-05 | Kalle Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tubular edible food casing made by the amine oxide method |
| DE102006058635A1 (en) † | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Kalle Gmbh | Cellulose hydrate-based food casing with nanoparticles |
| EP2099312B1 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2016-05-04 | Sensient Colors LLC | Pearlescent pigment compositions and methods for making and using the same |
| DE102007011848A1 (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2008-09-25 | Wiberg Gmbh | Method for preventing the growth of microorganisms on the outside of a food casing |
| TWI412327B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2013-10-21 | Univ Nat Pingtung Sci & Tech | A pigmentation method for use of betalain liquid |
| EP3497157B1 (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2020-09-16 | Viskase Companies, Inc. | Method of manufacturing food packaging plastic films and food packaging plastic films thus produced |
| MX2019003851A (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2019-09-18 | Viskase Companies Inc | Method of manufacturing food packaging cellulosic films and food packaging cellulosic films thus produced. |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2477767A (en) | 1948-08-05 | 1949-08-02 | Transparent Package Company | Food casing |
| US2521101A (en) | 1949-01-04 | 1950-09-05 | Visking Corp | Method of preparing colored casings |
| US2857283A (en) | 1952-09-08 | 1958-10-21 | Tee Pak Inc | Window dyed casing |
| GB760797A (en) | 1953-01-29 | 1956-11-07 | Oppenheimer Casing Co U K Ltd | A pack or wrapper for sausage casings |
| NL212967A (en) | 1955-12-27 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3917894A (en) * | 1968-01-15 | 1975-11-04 | Tee Pak Inc | Process for coating regenerated cellulose film and the coated film |
| DE2312385A1 (en) | 1973-03-13 | 1974-10-17 | Becker & Co Naturinwerk | Dyed edible sausage-casing - contg. applied or dispersed edible dye pref. fixed |
| US3935320A (en) * | 1973-04-04 | 1976-01-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Tubular cellulosic casing with cationic thermosetting resin coating |
| US4336828A (en) * | 1978-10-25 | 1982-06-29 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Fibre-reinforced metallic luster pigmented tubular casing and a process for its production |
| US4585655A (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1986-04-29 | Mykola Sherbanenko | Method for coloring natural casings and product thereof |
| DE8436989U1 (en) * | 1984-12-18 | 1985-09-12 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Artificial sausage casing for sausages of the raw sausage type |
| DE3526546A1 (en) | 1985-07-25 | 1987-01-29 | Scherer Gmbh R P | LIGHT-RESISTANT OPAKED GELATINE CAPSULES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| US4849232A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1989-07-18 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Complete poultry product and process of making |
-
1994
- 1994-08-26 US US08/296,790 patent/US6171668B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-08-17 CA CA002156346A patent/CA2156346A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-08-17 EP EP95112897A patent/EP0698346A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6171668B1 (en) | 2001-01-09 |
| EP0698346A1 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |