CA2154262A1 - Neon illuminating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A new and improved neon illumination apparatus (9a) and method for illuminating large and small areas, such as the exterior and interior of a motor vehicle (11a) and the like, with glowing bright light. The apparatus (9a) includes an elongated transparent tube holder (22a) for receiving an elongated neon bulb (13a) and a high voltage power distribution system (20a). The high voltage power distribution system (20a) is encapsulated with an end cap (24a) adapted to be secured to the tube holder member (22a) for insulating and sealing the neon bulb (13a) and distribution system (20a) from the exterior environment and for forming a unitary illuminating device. The end cap (24a) includes an electrical input arrangement adapted to be coupled to a conventional low voltage, direct current source, such as the low voltage electrical system of a vehicle (11a).

Description

WO94/16920 PCT~S93/09969 21~12C~

NEON ILLUMINATING APPARATUS
DQscription NEON ITTIJMT~ATING APPARATUS
AND METHOD OF MAKING AND USING SAME
Cross-Reference to Related APDlic~tions 5This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S.
patent application 07/839,814 filed February 21, 1992 now U.S. patent 5,192,125, which is a continuation of U.S.
patent application 07/741,784 filed August 6, 1991 now U.S. patent 5,150,961, which application and patents have lo at least one common inventor, are commonly owned and are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Fiel~
This invention relates in general to an illuminating apparatus and method of using same, and more particularly it relates to a method and apparatus for illuminating the rear portion of a vehicle and particularly the license plate of such a vehicle with a glowing bright light.
This invention further relates to a neon illumination apparatus and method for illuminating a vehicle or other items or areas with a bright glowing light. This invention also relates to a neon illumination apparatus for illuminating small and large areas with a bright glowing light.
B~c~ d Art Tail lights and brake lights have been st~n~rd equipment on automobiles since the 1920's. While the automobile has become an improved mode of transportation over the years, little overall improvement has been made in the brightness and quality of most automobile tail and brake lights. In this regard, most, if not all vehicle tail and brake light assemblies employ incandescent lamps with diffusion covers for illuminating the rear of a vehicle. Thus, the need for a clear, distinct and brighter rear automobile lighting system is more important now than ever.

SlJB~ SHEET (~UL~ 26) WO94/16920 PCT~S93/09969 !

One attempt at solving the above mentioned problem has been to enhance the illumination of the rear portion of vehicles, through an additional rear brake assembly which is added by automobile manufacturers, and many automobile owners, to make the rear section of a vehicle more apparent to other drivers approaching from the rear.
Also, modern legislation has also required such a third brake light to be added for this purpose. While such assemblies generally illuminate the rear of a vehicle with a greater amount of diffused light, such lighting systems still employ incandescent lamps and thus, are not clearer, brighter and more distinctive than the other light which presently illuminate the tail section of current automobiles.
Therefore, it would be highly desirable to have a much brighter, clearer and more distinct apparatus and method for illuminating the rear portion of a vehicle.
Such a lighting apparatus should not merely diffuse light, but should produce a very distinctive glowing, halo effect that would be immediately apparent to another driver approaching the vehicle.
One such brighter, more distinctive light is produced by neon. However, neon bulbs are typically operated from high voltage, high current electrical sources that are not readily available in conventional automobile electrical systems. Moreover, even if such a high voltage source were available, the routing of high voltage cables throughout the rear of a vehicle would be extremely dangerous.
Because of the importance of sufficiently lighting the rear portion of a vehicle, a distinct challenge is presented for developing a very bright, relatively safe alternative illumination method for use on present day vehicles.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WOg4/16920 21 5~ b'~ PCT~S93/09969 The evolution of automobile and truck engineering from the relatively elementary machines of yesterday to the complex vehicles of today, has been one of the most significant occurrences of this century. At the same time, there has been an immense increase in the volume of traffic on the highways, roads and streets of the United States during the same period. Because of the sheer volume of traffic and the cost and complexity of automobile and truck engineering, the emphasis of a large part of current automobile and truck engineering, is on the safety and reliability of the vehicles.
Nowhere is this emphasis more evident than in the area of automobile and truck lighting systems. In the early days of automobile manufacture, there were no headlights or tail-lights installed on vehicles. Brake lights, turn signal lights, reflectors, reverse and side warning lights, which are standard equipment on the vehicles of today were totally llnh~rd of in the begi nni ng of the auto industry.
However, several decades ago, as the number of automobiles and the amount of driving increased, the installation of headlights, tail and brake lights became a necessity as the driving public developed a strong interest in attempting to avoid accidents whenever possible. In this regard, the installation of tail and brake lights on such vehicles served to warn drivers of the presence of other vehicles in front of them, and the possibility other vehicles may make sudden and unexpected stops ahead.
While such brake and tail light systems served to provide warnings for the drivers of such vehicles, several problems emerged with the use of such brake and tail lights. In this regard, as the emphasis on style and appearance of vehicle design became important, the SlJBST~TUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 21 g ~ ~ 6 2 PCT~S93/09969 size of both tail and brake lights became smaller in many instances, and thus, more difficult to observe.
For example, in snowstorms, fog or rain, the visibility of brake and tail lights can be greatly diminished, so the likelihood of serious accidents is increased greatly.
The most serious problem with such light warning systems occur at night when it becomes more difficult for drivers to distinguish between tail and brake lights particularly, in the case of sudden and unexpected stops.
In this regard, the danger of sudden stops and the inability of a driver to distinguish between tail and brake lights, coupled with the other problems mentioned above resulted in the above-mentioned safety legislation requiring that new model automobiles be equipment with a third separate brake light to help improve driver awareness of stopping vehicles.
The use of such a third brake light has proven highly beneficial in helping to prevent many costly and injurious rear end collisions. The success of such a third light is based upon its location, which unlike a traditional brake light configuration is positioned centrally disposed between the vehicle rear lights. In this centrally disposed position a driver approaching the rear of another vehicle is much less likely to confuse the taillights and brake lights of the vehicle.
Moreover, by employing a third brake light that is usually energized independently of the other tail and brake lights, a fail safe feature is developed so if the other brake lights fail the third light will continue to operate. Thus, the third brake light greatly ~nhAnc~c the visibility of the vehicle from the rear and is a valuable addition to enhancing the safety of auto and truck operation.

~UBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 PCT~S93/09969 ~l S~

Despite the many advantages of such a third brake light, a significant problem for manufacturers has developed relative to the location of such a light. In this regard, placing such a light between the rear window and the front edge of the trunk lid opening has proven to be very costly in that the light had to be mounted on the back of the automobile. Moreover, the placing of the lighting assembly in the rear window portion of the vehicle is not aesthetically pleasing and tends to block the rear view of the driver of a vehicle equipped with such an assembly. Thus, present construction requiring such a light to be placed in a housing mounted inside the vehicle in a secure manner serves to make the third brake light not only an expensive addition requiring installation by skilled and trained personnel but also posed a potential hazard.
Another problem associated with positioning such a third light inside the vehicle is that many new vehicles have tinted rear window glass to protect the driver and p~Ccengers from glare and to provide privacy to the occ~ ts of the vehicle. In addition, certain other vehicle rear windows contain elaborate designs and distracting logos, which are either appended to or built into the rear window. Such tinted glass and window drawings therefore greatly impair the visibility of the third brake light for other drivers approaching the vehicle, particularly during daytime driving.
Therefore it would be highly desirable to have a new and improved apparatus and method of using it for illuminating the rear of a vehicle with a bright glowing light that would be relatively inexpensive and easy to install, that would be highly visible and that would not impair the view of a driver.

SU~S, ITU I E SHEE~ (RULE 26) .

2 1 S ~ 2 6 2 PCT~S93/0996~

Because of the above mentioned problem several solutions have been proposed to find a less costly and more visible illuminating methods and apparatus.
One such attempt is shown in U.S. patent 4,857,890 that discloses a license plate holder equipped with a plurality of spaced apart incandescent lamps for reflecting light through a red lens frame material similar to the lens material of a conventional automobile taillight. In this arrangement, the incandescent lamps turn on each time the brake pedal is depressed to augment the normal brake light warning signals. While such an arrangement solves many of the above mentioned problems it has not proven to be totally satisfactory. In this regard, the incandescent lights are connected in series causing the entire lighting arrangement to fail should any one of the lamps fail. In addition because such lamps are spaced apart and very small they have proven to be less than satisfactory for warning purposes.
Another attempt is shown in U.S. patent 5,192,125 that discloses a license plate holder with a single neon tube for providing a source of bright glowing light to illuminate the vehicle license plate and a rear portion of the motor vehicle. In this arrangement a low voltage high frequency transformer is mounted in the trunk of the vehicle and is coupled to a high voltage high frequency transformer mounted within a tube holder secured to the rear of the vehicle. While this method has proven highly successful it would be highly desirable to have an improved method and apparatus for illuminating the rear of a vehicle that would not require the mounting of a special power supply within the trunk of the motor vehicle, that would be safe and that would brightly illuminate the rear of the motor vehicle.
There have been may different types and kinds of illumination devices for vehicles and the like. For S~lBS~iTlJ~ IE,T (P~LE 26) ` W O 94/16920 PCTrUS93109969 - 21S~,~?62 example, reference may be made to the following U.S.
- patent Nos. 2,214,447; 2,562,740; 2,618,089; 2,689,948;

3,921,324; 3,968,359; 4,727,459; 4,857,890; 5,029,053;
and 5,156,455.
While several of the above-referenced patents disclose the use of neon illumination apparatus for vehicles and the like, such devices have not been entirely satisfactory. In this regard, elongated neon tubes used for illuminating large areas are generally fragile and break easily when jarred or impacted suddenly. Thus, installation of such neon illumination apparatus and associated tubes has been relatively eYpe~ive and time consuming requiring the use of special mounting bands, hoops, or frames and cushioning materials.
Therefore it would be highly desirable to have a new and improved neon illumination apparatus and method of using it for illuminating a vehicle that would be easy to install in a relatively fast and convenient manner and that would protect the neon tube against easy breakage.
Another problem associated with the use of neon illumination apparatus is associated with its energization. In this regard, neon tubes are typically operated from high voltage, high current electrical sources that are not readily available in conventional automobile electrical systems. Moreover, even if such sources were available, the routing of high voltage cables within a vehicle could pose a safety hazard.
Therefore, it would be highly desirable to have a new and improved neon illumination apparatus and method of using it that would be safe and that would be used with conventional low voltage, direct current voltage sources.
One such attempt is shown in U.S. patent 5,150,961 that describes a license plate holder for a neon SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) W O 94/16920 2 15 ~ 2 ~ 2 1~CTrUS93/09969 illuminating device to provide a source of bright glowing light to illuminate the vehicle and its license plate.
In this arrangement a low voltage, high frequency transformer is mounted in the trunk of the vehicle and is coupled to a high voltage, high frequency transformer mounted within the holder secured to the vehicle. While this method has prove~ highly successful, it would be desirable to have an improved method and neon illumination apparatus for providing a source of bright glowing light that would not require the mounting of a special power supply within the trunk of the vehicle, that would be safe, and that would be protected against easy breakage.
Apparatus for illuminating small and large areas with neon light is well known. Although such lighting t ~chrli ques are well known, illuminating small and large areas with such neon illuminating devices has not been entirely satisfactory. Additionally, neon illuminating devices have not always been entirely efficient in its production of light. In this regard, due to the construction of the housing for the tube and any electrical components for energizing it, the illumination produced by the neon tube required bulky housings and components, which sometimes made the advantages of neon lighting be far outweighed by the disadvantages. In this regard, when it may be desirable to have neon lighting in a certain area, the bulk of the components and protective housings could preclude the use of such lighting for some applications. For example, where space is limited, neon lighting may not be an option, considering the required high voltage components and protective housings required for neon lighting.
Therefore, it would be highly desirable to have a new and improved neon lighting system which is compact in size, and readily usable. In this manner, the advantages SU~S ~ TE ~h'E.~ (~U~E 26~

WO94/16920 ~ PCT~S93/09969 ._ ~S~

of brightness of light and long lasting dep~n~hility can be realized more extensively.
Furthermore, when relatively large areas require illumination, such as outdoor decorative lighting for buildings, long expensive neon tubes must be employed.
Such long tubes are not only expensive, but they are also very fragile and tend to break easily when inadvertently jarred or impacted. Moreover, such long tubes are difficult to transport and store. Thus, installation of such neon illumination apparatus and associated tubes has been relatively expensive and time consuming, requiring the use of special transportation equipment, frames and cushioning materials.
Another problem with both short and long neon tubes is associated with energization. In this regard, in order to ionize the neon gas di~G_cd within such tubes, high voltage must be utilized. Such high voltage is not only potentially dangerous, but also is not readily available except by the use of large, bulky and expensive step-up transformers.
Therefore, it would be highly desirable to have such a new and improved neon illumination apparatus and method of making and using it for illuminating either a small or a large area with bright glowing light in a compact manner. Such an apparatus should be easy to transport, without having to employ undesired and unwanted high voltage energization.
Disclosure of ~nvention It is the principal object of this invention to provide a new and improved illuminating apparatus and method of using it to provide a highly visible glowing bright light for helping to alert drivers of a stopping vehicle.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a new and improved illuminating apparatus SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94116920 2 ~ S 4 ~ 6 PCT~S93/0996 which can be easily and quickly installed by relatively unskilled and untrained personnel.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such an illuminating apparatus and method which is relatively inexpensive to manufacture and install and that can be utilized with relative safety on both new and old vehicles.
Briefly, the above and further objects of the present invention are realized by providing a new and improved apparatus for illuminating the rear portion of a vehicle and particularly the license plate of the vehicle. The apparatus includes a transparent channel member for receiving a low voltage high frequency power system having a high voltage high frequency transformer and a single annularly shaped neon bulb therewithin for illuminating the rear of the vehicle and its license plate with a bright glowing light. The neon bulb is energized by the high voltage, high frequency transformer that is coupled to the vehicle electrical system by a low voltage high frequency power supply. The channel member is adapted to mounted adjacent to the license plate of a vehicle and sealed with a protective cover to help prevent accidental electrical shock.
A preferred method of using the apparatus is to connect the apparatus to the lighting system of the vehicle. In this regard, when the brake pedal of a vehicle is depressed, the low voltage power supply generates a source of low voltage high frequency electrical energy, which powers the high voltage transformer and in turn, the associated neon bulb to augment the vehicle brake lighting system.
It is another principal object of this invention to provide a new and improved neon illumination apparatus and method of using it with relative safety from accidental high voltage, high current electrical shock.

SUBSml~E SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 21 $~26 PCT~S93/09969 It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a new and improved neon illumination apparatus which can be installed easily and quickly by relatively unskilled and untrained personnel.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a new and improved neon illumination apparatus for illuminating large and small areas with bright glowing light.
Briefly, the above and further object of the present invention are realized by providing a new and improved neon illumination apparatus and method for illuminating large and small areas, such as the exterior and interior of a motor vehicle and the like, with bright glowing light. The apparatus includes an elongated transparent tube holder member for receiving an elongated neon bulb and a high voltage power distribution system. The high voltage power distribution system is encapsulated within an end cap member adapted to be secured to the tube holder member for insulating and sealing the neon bulb and high voltage power distribution system from the exterior environment and for forming a unitary neon illumination device. The end cap member includes an electrical input arrangement adapted to be coupled to a conventional low voltage, direct current source, such as the low voltage electrical system of a vehicle.
In a preferred form of the present invention, the high voltage power distribution system includes a power converter for transforming low voltage direct current to low voltage, high frequency alternating current and a high voltage, high frequency transformer coupled to the power converter for generating high voltage, high frequency electrical power to energize the neon tube.
A preferred method of using the apparatus is to mount the device in an area to be illuminated, such as the interior or exterior of a motor vehicle, and to SllBSTlME SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 PCT~S93/09969 2~S4~62 connect the apparatus to a source of low voltage, direct current power, such as the low voltage electrical system of a vehicle. In this regard, the apparatus can be utilized for conventional vehicle illumination purposes.
It is still yet another principal object of the ~r--?nt invention to provide a new and improved neon illumination apparatus and method of using and making it for illuminating both small and large areas with bright glowing light in a more compact and efficient manner.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a new and improved neon illumination apparatus which is self contained and which can be installed easily and quickly by relatively unskilled and untrained per~ornDl.
Briefly, the above and further objects of the nt invention are realized by providing a new and improved illumination apparatus and method of making and using it for illuminating large and small areas, such as the exterior and interior of a motor vehicle, building structure or the like. The illumination apparatus includes an elongated neon tube having reversely bent end portions for radiating bright glowing light both radially and axially over substantially the entire axial length of the neon tube, and an elongated tube holder for holding the neon tube stationary relative to a mounting surface.
An energy conversion device adapted to be coupled to a source of low voltage power for energizing electrically the neon tube, is mounting entirely within the tube holder without blocking the bright glowing light radiating axially and radially outwardly from the neon tube.
A preferred method of using the apparatus is mounting the apparatus to a surface in close proximity to an area to be illuminated and coupling the apparatus between a source of low voltage direct current electrical SUBSTlTUrE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 1 $~2 PCT~S93/09969 power and such additional like apparatus to fully illuminate the area to be illuminated.
The preferred method of making the apparatus is mounting an elongated neon tube having a pair of spaced apart U-shaped end portions within a tube holder, mounting an energy conversion device in a space adjacent to a tube holder mounting surface, and coupling the energy conversion device between the neon tube and electrical conductor means to facilitate coupling the energy conversion device to a source of low voltage direct current electrical power.
Brief DescriPtion of Drawinqs The above mentioned and other objects and features of this invention and the manner of attaining them will become apparent, and the invention itself will be best understood by reference to the following description of the embodiment of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. lA is a diagrammatic schematic view of a luminous license plate apparatus which is constructed in accordance with the present invention and which is shown operatively coupled to the electrical system of a motor vehicle;
FIG. lAA is a partial fragmentary exploded pictorial view of a license plate frame assembly of FIG. l, and which is shown illustratively, relative to a rear portion of a vehicle to which the assembly is to be mounted;
FIG. lB is a partially cut away pictorial view of a neon illumination apparatus, which is constructed in accordance to the present invention and which is shown illustratively mounted in the tail light compartment of a motor vehicle;
FIG. lC is a pictorial view of a neon illumination apparatus which is constructed in accordance with the present invention;

SlJBSTlTUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 %1S4~ PCT~S93/09969 ! l4 FIG. 2A is a diagraDatic diagram of a low voltage high frequency power system for energizing a neon tube of FIG. lA;
FIG. 2B is a diagraD atic view of the neon 5 illumination apparatus of FIG. lB.
FIG. 2C is an enlarged top elevational view of the neon illumination apparatus of FIG. lC;
FIG. 3A is a front elevational view of the license plate frame assembly of FIG. lA;
FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a power converter circuit of FIG. 2B;
FIG. 3C is an enlarged end elevational view of the neon illumination apparatus of FIG. lC;
FIG. 4A is a rear elevational view of the license 15 plate frame assembly of FIG. lA;
FIG. 4B is a printed circuit board layout for the power converter circuit of FIG. 2B shown diagrammatically connected to a neon tube and step-up transformer;
FIG. 4C is a front elevational view of a neon 2 0 illumination apparatus, which is constructed in accordance to the present invention and which is shown illustratively connected in series with a plurality of like apparatus and a source of direct current power;
FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the license 25 plate frame assembly of FIG. 3A taken substantially along lines 5A-5A;
FIG. 5B is a pictorial view of a neon illumination apparatus, which is constructed in accordance to the present invention and which is shown illustratively 3 0 mounted for lighting a walkway;
FIG. 5C is a greatly enlarged front elevational view of the neon apparatus of FIG. 4C and which illustrates a set of connectors for coupling the apparatus in series with the like apparatus and the source direct current 35 power of FIG. 4C;

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) w o 94/16920 ~ }~rrus93/09969 FIG. 6Ais a cross-sectional view of the license plate frame assembly of FIG. 3A taken substantially along lines 6A-6A;
- FIG. 6Bis a highly diagrammatic diagram of the 5 apparatus of FIG. 5B illustrating the interconnection between its component parts.
FIG. 6Cis a schematic diagram illustrating the series connections between the illumination apparatus of FIG. 4C; and FIG. 7Ais a cross-sectional view of the license plate frame assembly of FIG. 3A taken substantially along lines 7A-7A:
FIG. 7Cis an end elevational view of the neon apparatus of FIG. 4C.
FIG. 8Ais a front elevation view of a retaining clip of FIG. 7A;
FIG. 9Ais a side elevational view of the retaining clip of FIG. 8A; and FIG. lOAis a luminous license plate apparatus which is constructed in accordance with the present invention.
Best ~ode for CarrYing Out the Invention Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to FIG. lA thereof there is shown a novel luminous license plate assembly apparatus 9A which is constructed 25 in accordance with the present invention and which is operatively coupled to the electrical system lOA of a motor vehicle 14A. The luminous license plate apparatus 9A generally comprises a license plate frame assembly 13A
having a single annularly shaped neon tube 20A for 30 illuminating the rear portion of the motor vehicle 14A
and a low voltage high freguency power system 12A for energizing electrically the neon tube 20A. The low voltage high frequency power system 12Ais powered by the electrical system lOA of the motor vehicle 14A. As best 35 seen in FIG. lAA, the frame assembly 13Ais adapted to be S~lBS~lllrrE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 2 1 5 ~ 2 ~ 2 PCT~S93/09969 mounted in centrally disposed location adjacent a rear license plate 14AA of the vehicle 14A. In this regard, the assembly 13A is mounted to the rear of the vehicle 14A using a set of mounting bolts, (not shown) that are 5 also employed for mounting the rear license 14AA to the vehicle.
Considering now the assembly 13A in greater detail with reference to FIGS. lA and 2A, the assembly 13A
generally comprises the neon tube 20A and a neon tube holder 18A for supporting the neon tube 20A in a stationary manner relative to the license plate of the vehicle 14A . The neon tube 2 OA is received within the holder 18A and is secured removably therein by a set of spaced apart retaining clips, such as a clip 21A (FIGS.
15 7A, 8A and 9A).
While in the preferred form of the invention the holder is shown mounted to the rear of a motor vehicle for illuminating a license plate, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the holder and tube can be configured in different shApes and can be mounted on various other locations on the vehicle for illumination purposes.
Considering now the low voltage high frequency power system 12A in greater detail with reference to FIGS. lA
25 and 2A, the system 12A generally includes a small high voltage high frequency transformer 15A for supplying high voltage power to the neon tube 20A, and a small low voltage high frequency power converter 16A for energizing the high voltage high frequency transformer 15A. The 30 power supply 16A and the high voltage high frequency transformer 15A are disposed on a small printed circuit board 12AA (FIG. 2A). As will be explained hereinafter, the printed circuit board 12AA is adapted to be mounted within a small space 50AA disposed with the tube holder 35 18A. A pair of conductors 28A and 29A interconnect the S~IBST~TUTE SHEET (RULE 26) W094/lC920 ~ 62 PCT~593l09969 power converter 16A with the transformer 15A. In this regard, the transformer 15A includes a primary winding (not shown) coupled to the power converter 16A via the cond~ctors 28A and 29A. The conductors 28A and 29A carry low voltage high frequency power only and are only energized when the power converter 16A is energized by the electrical system lOA of the motor vehicle.
The neon tube 20A includes a set of high voltage electrodes 22A-25A which are adapted to be connected to the output winding of the transformer 15A by a pair of high voltage connectors 17A and l9A respectively.
In operation the power converter 16 is energized by a hot line conductor 27A connected in series with the vehicle brake line system that includes a pair of rim brake lights or incandescent bulbs 51AA and 52AA
respectively. In this regard, the neon tube 20A will be energized whenever the user of the vehicle actuates a brake switch 64A connecting the vehicle's electrical power to the power converter 16A. In this mode of operation the tube 20A functions as a third brake light disposed between the normal rear brake lights 51Aa and 52AA of the vehicle 14A.
Although in the preferred mode of operation, the power converter 16A is energized by the brake light power circuit, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the power converter 16A could also be connected to the rear tail light circuit comprised of a light switch 66A and a pair of tail lights or incandescent bulbs 50A and 53A respectively. In this mode of operation the neon bulb 2OA would be energized whenever the user of the vehicle actuates the head lights of the vehicle 14A, thus enabling the license plate to be more easily identified by law enforcement personnel.
Considering now the tube holder 18A in greater detail with reference to FIGS. lA-7A, the tube holder 18A

sussnTurE SHEET (RULE 26) 21S-~262 generally comprises a front transparent channel member 30A for receiving and supporting the neon tube 20A in a stationary manner relative to the license plate of the vehicle 14A and a rear protective cover plate 4 OA that 5 encloses the neon tube 20A and low voltage high frequency power system 12A within the channel member 3 OA thus preventing a user from making contact accidentally with the high voltage electrodes 22A-25A. As best seen in FIGS . 5A and 6A, the rear cover plate 4 OA is dimensioned to engage matingly a tube receiving channel 32A disposed within channel member 30A in order to seal the neon tube 20A and low voltage high frequency power system 12A
within channel 32A. AS will be explained hereinafter in greater detail, the channel member 3 OA and the cover 15 plate 40A are secured removably together by the mounting bolts, which affix the license plate 14AA and the tube holder 18A to the rear of the vehicle 14A.
Considering now the channel member 30A in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 3A, 5A-7A, the channel 20 member 3 OA is of unitary construction and is composed of a transparent plastic material. The channel member 3 OA
is generally rectangular in shape to define a centrally disposed open space 3 lA that is substantially smaller than a vehicle license plate. In order to enable the 25 neon bulb 20A to fully illuminate the license plate of the vehicle 14A, the channel member 30A is dimensioned to be substantially larger than the license plate of the vehicle so the license plate will be completely outlined by the neon bulb 20A when the bulb 20A and license plate 30 are adjacent to one another relative to the holder 18A .
AS best seen in FIGS. lA and 3A, the channel member 30A generally includes an upper leg portion 33A that is integrally connected between a pair of side leg portions 34A and 35A that are disposed parallel to one another and 35 a lower leg portion 36A that is integrally connected S'~TiT~T~ ~H~ET (~ULE 26) W O 94/16920 2 ~ PCTnUS93/09969 between the opposite terminal ends of side leg portions 34A and 35A. The leg portions 33A-36A are generally U-shaped in cross section for defining the tube receiving - channel 32A that extends around the entire periphery of 5 the channel member 3 OA .
For the purpose of mounting the license plate 14AA
to the channel member 3 OA, the upper leg portion 33A
includes a pair of spaced-apart apertured bolt receiving members 37A and 38A. The bolt receiving members 37A and 10 38A are integrally connected to the upper leg portion 33A
and depend within the space 3 lA. A corresponding pair of bolt receiving members 37AA and 38AA are integrally connected to the lower leg portion 36A and extend into the space 3 lA in alignment with members 37A and 38A, respectively. The bolt receiving members 37A, 37AA, 38A
and 38AA are configured to be in substantial alignment with the mounting holes of a conventional license plate.
In order to accommodate the electrodes 22A-25A
within the channel 32A, the lower leg portion 36A forms a 20 hollow protuberance 39A that is centrally disposed between side leg portions 34A and 36A. The protuberance 39A is U-shape in cross section and is sufficiently dimensioned to receive the end portions of the neon tube 20A which are substantially wider than the other portions 25 of the tube 20A. In this regard, the protuberance has a transverse dimension that is about twice the transverse dimension of the other leg members, such as the leg member 33A .
As best seen in FIGS. 3A and 7A, the channel member 30 30A also includes a plurality of spaced apart slots, such as slots 71A and 72A that are disposed within the leg portions, such as leg portion 33A. The slots, such as slots 71A and 72A are adapted for receiving individual ones of the retaining clips, such as the retaining clip 35 21A.

SUBSmUTE SHEET (RULE 26) W094/16920 PCT~S93/099~' 2l54~62 Considering now the protective cover plate 40A in greater detail with reference to FIGS. lA, 2A and 8A, the protective plate 4 OA has a unitary construction and is adapted to engage matingly the channel member 3 OA . In this regard, the plate 40A seals the high voltage neon tube 2 OA within the channel 32A to prevent the electrodes of the tube from making contact with the vehicle 14A.
The cover plate 40A is generally a flat body member configured in a generally rectangular shape for defining lo an opening 49A. The center plate 40A is dimensioned to be received within the channel 32A for helping to secure the neon tube 20A therewithin. The cover plate 40A
includes a upper leg member 4 lA, a lower leg member 42A
and a pair of side leg members 43A and 44A that are integrally connected to both the upper leg member 4 lA and the lower leg member 42A. The lower leg member 42A
includes a centrally disposed raised portion 45A that is dimensioned to close that portion of the channel 32A
bounded by the protuberance 39A. The raised portion 45A
is generally rectangular in shape. The right and left sides of the raised portion are truncated to form a pair of notches 46A and 47A for engaging matingly the outer surface of bolt receiving members 37AA and 38AA
respectively. In this regard, the notches 46A and 47A
are complementarily shaped to a portion of members 38AA
and 37AA respectively. The raised portion 45A includes a centrally disposed cylindrically shaped aperture 48A
having a sufficient diameter to permit the conductor cord 28A to pass therethrough.
As best seen in FIG . 7A, when the protective cover plate 40A is received within the channel 32A, the cover plate 40A abuts against the retaining clips, such as the clip 21A and is secured (by means not shown) within the channel member 3 OA .

mJTE SHEET (RULE 26 WO 94/16920 21~ ~ PCT/US93/09969 The retaining clip 21A is designed to hold the cover to the tube receiving channel which contains the neon tube and is clipped to the outside of the upper cover on the bottom and top lips of the upper portion of the 5 cover.
Considering now the neon tube 2 OA in greater detail with reference to FIGS. lA, 5A, 6A and 7A, the neon tube 20A is composed of a transparent material, such as glass and is generally rectangular in shape. The hollow portion of the tube is sealed and is filled with a gas lOOA such as neon gas that can be ionized by a high current charge. While neon is the preferred gas it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other gases, such as argon can also be used. The tube has a 15 upper leg member 26A which is integrally connected between a left leg member 27A and a right leg member 28A.
The lower portion of the tube 20A includes a pair of spaced apart straight leg portions 51AA and 52AA which are integrally connected to the right leg member 27A and 20 the left leg member 28A respectively. As shown in FIG. lA, the opposite ends of leg portions 51AA and 52AA
terminate in a pair of spaced apart U-shaped end portions 53AA and 54AA respectively for defining a small space indicated generally at 50AA therebetween. In this 25 regard, the space 50AA is sufficiently large to permit the printed circuit board 12AA to be mounted therein without obstructing any of the light emitted from the tube 20A from radiating out of the holder 18A.
The U shape portions 53AA and 54A are sealed at their terminal ends and have extending therefrom the electrode terminals 22A, 23A and 24A, 25A respectively.
The electrode terminals 22A-25A are in turn coupled to the low voltage high frequency power system 12A via the transformer 15A.

SUBS-~lTVTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 ~ lS 4 2 6 ~ PCT~S93/09969 Considering now the retaining clip 21A in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 7A-9A, the retaining clip 21A is of a unitary construction and is composed of a resilient plastic material which is sufficiently flexible to enable the retaining clip 21A to be easily installed and removed from the slots 71A and 72A. The retaining clip21A includes a pair of slot engaging portions 80A
and 81A respectively that are complementarily shaped to the slots disposed in the channel member 3OA, such as the slots 71A and 72A. The slot engaging portions 80A and 81A are integrally connected to a centrally disposed body portion 83A that is adapted for engaging matingly a portion of the neon tube 20A. In this regard when a clip, such as the clip 21A is received within the slots 71A and 72A it wedges the tube 20A securely within the channel 32A.
Considering now the retaining clip 21A in still greater detail, the body member 83A in cross section generally includes a curved leg portion 84A having a radius that is substantially the same as the radius of the upper leg member 26A of the tube 20A for engaging the tube 20A matingly. The body member 83A also includes a straight leg 85A which is disposed substantially opposite the curved leg portion 84A and has a dimension that is about the same as the height of channel 32A. The straight leg portion 85A is adapted to abut flatly against the cover plate 4OA when its received with channel 32A. The slot engaging portions 80A and 81A are substantially similar, so only the portion 80Awill be described. Considering now the slit engaging portion 80A
in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 7A-9A, the slot engaging portion 80A in cross section generally includes a short leg portion 86A and a long leg portions 87A. The short leg portion is integrally connected to the straight leg portion 85A at about an angle of 45. Similarly, the SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) W094/16920 ~ i 21 S~2~2 PCT~S93tO9969 long leg portion 87A is integrally connected to the curved leg portion 84A at about an angle of 45.
Considering now the high frequency high frequency high voltage transformer l5A in greater detail with 5 reference to FIG. 2A, the high frequency high voltage transformer 15A is coupled between the low voltage high frequency power converter 16A and the high voltage connectors 17A and l9A. In this regard, the transformer 15A has a pair of hot conductors 23A and 25A connected across its output winding and interconnected to the connectors 17A and 25A respectively. Each of the connectors 17A and 25A include ground returns via a pair of conductors 22A and 24A respectively.
The transformer 15A is small in size and is adapted to be mounted to the printed circuit board 12AA (FIG.
4A). The transformer converts 12VAC power to 2000 VAC
power. It is manufactured and sold by Neonize which has a place of business in Huntington Park, California.
Considering now the low voltage high frequency power converter 16A in greater detail with reference to FIG. 2A, the power converter 16A is adapted to be coupled between the electrical system lOA of the motor vehicle via the hot and ground conductor 27A and 27AA
respectively and the high voltage high frequency transformer 15A via the conductors 28A and 29A. The power converter is small in size and is adapted to be mounted to the printed circuit board 12AA. The power converter 16A converts 12 VDC power to 12 VAC power. The power converter 16A is more fully described herein and 30 may sometimes be referred to as a power converter 20AA.
Considering now the printed circuit board 12AA in greater detail with reference to FIG. 4A, the printed circuit board 12AA is adapted to be mounted by means (not shown) within the protuberance 39A of the holder 18A. In 35 one form of the present invention, the board 12AA is SVBST1TUTE SHEET (RULE 26) W O 94/16920 T~rnUS93/09969 54~G1 ~
;.~

mounted within the small space 50AA transversely to the U
shaped portions 53AA and 54A of the tube 20A. In this arrangement, substantially all of the light emitted from the tube 20A is able to radiate from the holder 18A.
Referring now to FIG. lOA, another luminous license plate assembly apparatus lO9A which is constructed in accordance with the present invention. Apparatus lO9A is substantially similar to apparatus 9A except as to the positioning of the power system.
Considering now the apparatus lO9A in greater detail, the apparatus lO9A includes a rectangularly shaped non tube holder 118A and neon tube 120A assembled in a manner similar to the apparatus 9A. A low voltage high frequency power system 112A including a high voltage high frequency transformer 115A, and a low voltage high frequency power converter 116A both being mounted on, a printed circuit board 112AA. The printed circuit board 112AA is mounted within a protuberance 139A of a tube holder 118A.
The tube holder 118A is substantially similar to tube holder 18A. In this regard, the printed circuit board 112AA is mounted by means (not shown) within a small space 150A disposed in an upper portion of the protuberance 139A. In this arrangement, the printed circuit board 112AA is disposed above the neon tube 120A
to permit a substantial portion of the light from tube 120A to be radiated downwardly and outwardly from the holder 118A . In this regard, the board 112AA is affixed by means (not shown) within the protuberance 139A, and spans the ends of the tube 12 OA at the inner side thereof.
While in the preferred form of the invention, the board 112AA is mounted above the tube 120A, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the shape of the end portions of the tube 120A may be configured to SUBSmUTE SHEET (RULE 26~

W094/l6920 PCT~S93/09969 1~2~2-permit the board 112AA to be mounted below the tube 120A
in order to permit a substantial portion of the light from end portions of the tube 120A to be radiated - upwardly and outwardly from the holder 118A.
From the foregoing, it should be understood the location of the printed circuit board 112AA should be arranged to help illuminate a license plate (not shown) mounted to the holder 118A and to assure the low voltage high frequency power system 112A is electrically lo insulated within the holder 118A to prevent a user from being electrocuted by the high voltage generated by the system 112A.
Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to FIG. lB thereof, there is shown a new and improved neon illumination apparatus 9B which is constructed in accordance with the present invention. The illumination apparatus 9B is illustrated mounted to the exterior of a motor vehicle llB and operatively coupled to the electrical system of the motor vehicle llB. While in the preferred form of the present invention the apparatus 9B
is illustrated in use with a motor vehicle, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that apparatus 9B
can be coupled to any source of low voltage, direct current power for illuminating any desired area, such as walkways, entrance ways and other exterior and interior structures and surfaces.
The neon illumination apparatus 9B generally comprises an elongated neon tube 13B having a pair of oppositely disposed electrodes 15B and 16B respectively.
The electrodes 15B and 16B are connected across the secondary output of a high voltage, high frequency step-up transformer 17B. A power converter circuit, shown generally at 20B, is connected across the primary input of the transformer 17B and supplies the transformer 17B
with a low voltage, high frequency signal. The neon SVBSTITUTE SHEEt (RULE 26) WOg4/16920 ~ ~S93/09969 2,'1S 42 ~2 tube 13B, transformer 17B and power converter 20B are mounted within an elongated tube holder member 22B having a pair of end cap members 24B and 26B, respectively, disposed thereon. The end cap members 24B and 26B are adapted to seal the neon tube 13B, transformer 17B and power converter 20B within the tube holder member 22B to isolate them for protection against accidental electrical shock. For the purpose of electrically energizing the power converter 20B, the end unit 26B is adapted with a power connector shown generally at 28B.
In use, the neon illumination apparatus 9Bis mounted by means not shown in any desired area to be illuminated with a bright glowing light. For example, as best seen in FIG. lB, the apparatus 9Bis mounted in the tail light compartment 12B of the motor vehicle llB.
When mounted, the power connector 28Bis attached to the electrical system of the motor vehicle llB by any conventional means, such as electrical wire connectors.
In this manner, when the electrical system of the vehicle llB is activated, the neon tube 13Bwill be energized electrically causing the tail light compartment 12B to be illuminated with a bright glowing light, indicated generally at 14B.
Considering now the tube holder member 22B in greater detail with reference to FIG. 2B, the tube holder member 22B is adapted to receive the neon tube 13B
therewith to isolate it for protection from the environment external to the member 22B and for helping to protect the neon tube 13B from breakage. The tube member 22B generally includes a hollow tube receiving member 40B and a hollow power distributor receiving member 42B. The member 40Bis composed of a suitable transparent material, such as a polycarbonate material sold under the trade name Lexan~. The overall longitudinal length and inside diameter of the tube SVBSmUrE SHEET (RULE 26) W O 94/16920 5 ~ 2 ~ 2 PCT~US93/09969 member 40B is dimensioned for receiving the neon tube 13B
completely therewithin.
The member 42B is comprised of a suitable transparent material, such as a polycarbonate tubing 5 material and has an overall longitudinal length and inside diameter for receiving the transformer 17B and power converter 2 OB completely therewithin. The outside diameter of the member 42B is dimensioned to permit the member 42B to be received on an end portion of the member 40B as best seen in FIG. 2B.
In order to help facilitate cushioning the neon tube 13B from accidental breakage, the tube 13B is secured removably within member 4 OB by a set of spaced apart resilient O-rings, such as the O-rings 31B and 33B.
The inside diameter of each O-ring, such as the O-ring 33B, is slightly smaller than the outside diameter of the tube 13B in order to allow the O-rings to surround the outside periphery of the tube 13B and to be secured removably to the tube 13B. Each O-ring, such as the o-ring 33B, is composed of a soft rubber material and isdimensioned so that its outside diameter is slightly larger than the inside diameter of the member 40B. From the foregoing it should be understood the O-rings 31B and 33B both cushion and secure the neon tube 13B from 25 breakage within the member 40B.
Considering now the end cap 24B in greater detail with reference to FIG. 2B, the end cap 24B is composed of an ABS plastic material and is dimensioned to seal one end of the member 40B. In this regard, the cap 24B
30 includes a cylindrically shaped base portion 44B having a face 46B and an integrally connected flange portion 48B.
The base portion 44B is dimensioned to be received snugly within the interior of member 4 OB . The flange portion 48B has an outside diameter which is substantially equal to the outside diameter of the WO94/16920 ~ PCT~S93/09969 member 40B and acts as a stop for positioning the face slightly spaced apart from the tube 13B when it's received within the member 4OB.
As best seen in FIG. 2B, the end cap 24B also 5 includes a metallic clip 27B that enables an electrical and mechanical connection to be established between the electrode 16B and a small copper conductor 18B which extends longitudinally along an inside wall of the member 22B. As will be explained hereinafter, the opposite end of the conductor 18B is connected electrically to one of the output terminals of the step-up transformer 17B.
A layer 368 of soft resilient material, such as a rubber material which does not interfere with the 15 mechanical and electrical connection between the electrode 16B and the clip 27B is disposed on the face 41B of the cap 16B for further cushioning of the tube 13B.
Considering now the end cap 26B in greater detail 20 with reference to FIG. 2B, the end cap 26B includes a cylindrical shaped base portion 54B and an integrally connected flange portion 58B. The base portion 54Bis dimensioned to be received snugly within the interior of member 42B. The flange portion 58B has an outside 25 diameter which is substantially equal to the outside diameter of the member 42B and acts as a stop for positioning the power connector 28B relative to the power converter 20B as will be explained hereinafter.
As best seen in FIG. 2B, the end cap 24B also 30 includes the power connector 28B that enables an electrical and mechanical connector to be established between the power converter 20B and a source of low voltage, direct current power (not shown) such as the electrical system of a motor vehicle or conventional AC
35 to DC converter.

SUBSmU1~ SHET (RULE 26) W094/16920 ~ PCT~S93tO9969 In order to facilitate mounting the transformer 17B
and power converter 20B within the member 42B, after the converter 20B is connected to the connector 28B, an ~ encapsulation compound or resin indicated generally at 5 50B poured into the interior of member 42B completely covering the transformer 17B and power converter 20B.
When the resin sets, the transformer 17B and converter 20B are secured within the member 42B.
Considering now the power converter 2 OB in greater detail with reference to FIG. 3B, the power converter 20B
generally includes a high frequency oscillator circuit 70B and power Darlington arrangement 72B for converting a low voltage, direct current electrical signal, such as a 12VDC signal into a low voltage, high frequency signal, such as a 12 volt, 40,000 Hz signal.
As best seen in FIG. 3B, the power converter 20B also includes a filter capacitor 74B and a set of transient protection diodes 75B-77B respectively. Diodes 75B-77B
are lN4148 diodes while capacitor 74B is a 50V, 500 20 picofarads ceramic disk capacitor.
Considering now the oscillator circuit 70B in greater detail with reference to FIG. 3B, the oscillator circuit 70B generally includes a NE555 timer or oscillator chip 81B whose oscillation period is 25 determined by a capacitor 82B and a pair of resistors 83B
and 84B. In order to establish an oscillation frequency between 8,000 Hz and 40,000 Hz, capacitor 82B is a 50V, .Ol microfarad ceramic disk capacitor, while resistors 83B and 84B are each 50K ohms. As noted above, 30 the oscillator has a frequency range between about 8,000 and about 40,000 Hz. A more preferred range is between about 20,000 HZ and 35,000 Hz, while the most preferred frequency is about 25,000 Hz .
In operation, a source of low voltage, direct 35 current power, such as a 12VDC, source is coupled to the SUBSrlTUTE SHEET (RULE 26) W O 94/16920 ~ F~CTrJS93109969 ,6~

oscillator 81B via a rectifier or protection diode 84B
which prevents reverse voltages being applied to the oscillator 81B as well as the power Darlington arrangement 72B. Diode 84B is a lN4001 1,000 milliamp 5 rectifier or equivalent.
Considering now the power Darlington arrangement 72 B
in greater detail, the Darlington arrangement generally includes a Darlington power transistor 91B whose base is driven by the high frequency output signal generated by the oscillator 81B. In order to establish a proper base bias voltage for the transistor 91B, the arrangement 72B
also includes a divider network 90B which is coupled between the output (pin 3) of oscillator 81B and the anode of diode 75B. The transistor 91B is a ECG156 15 transistor.
The divider network 90B includes a pair of series connected resistors 92B and 94B, respectively.
Resistors 92B and 94B are connected to the base of transistor 90B via a common node 95B. The resistors 92B
20 and 94B are lK ohms and 56 ohms respectively. In order to protect the base of transistor 91B from spurious transient spikes, the output of the oscillator 81B is coupled to resistor 94B via the diode 74B.
In order to prevent the transistor 91B from latching 25 due to the inductive load of transformer 17B, a diode 96B
is connected between the emitter and collector of transistor 91B. Diode 16B is a lN4148 diode whose cathode is connected to the emitter of transistor 91B and whose anode is connected to the collector of transistor 91B.
The output of the power Darlington arrangement 72B
is coupled to the electrode 15B via a conductor 97B and is returned to ground via a conductor 98B. As best seen in FIG. 2B, the conductor 98B is electrically and SUBSTlTUrE SHEET (RU~E 26) WO94/16920 1S~2~2 PCT~S93/09969 mechanically connected to conductor 18B to establish a ground return for the tube 13B.
Considering now the power converter 20B in still greater detail with reference to FIG. 4B, the power converter 20B also includes a small elongated printed circuit board shown generally at 21B. The printed circuit board 21B is sufficiently small to be received within the member 42B. The transformer 17B is mounted to the circuit board 2 lB across the output pins of the converter 20B. In this regard, transformer 17B is connected to output pins 61B and 62B respectively.
Considering now the transformer 17B in greater detail, the transformer 17B is an E-core powered ferrite transformer manufactured by Neonize Corporation of Huntington Park, California. The transformer 17B
includes a primary having between about 6 and about 30 windings of AWG2 3 wire and a secondary having between about 1200 and about 3000 windings of AWG41 wire.
A more preferred number of primary windings is between about 12 and about 28 windings. The most preferred number of primary windings is about 24.
A more preferred number of secondary windings is between about 1800 and about 2800 windings. The most preferred number of secondary windings is about 2400.
While in the preferred form of the present invention the neon illumination apparatus 9B is illustrated mounted within the tail light compartment of a motor vehicle, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the apparatus 9B can be mounted at other locations within the vehicle. For example apparatus 9B may be mounted by means not shown for interior lighting of the vehicle as well as on the underside of the vehicle for exterior lighting purposes.
Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to FIG. 5B thereof, there is shown a neon lighting SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RU~E 26) WO 94/16920 , PCT/US93/09969 ` ~6~ -apparatus lO9B for illuminating a walkway 180B with bright glowing light. The neon lighting system lO9B is similar to apparatus 9B and includes a neon tube 113B, a pair of O-rings 131B and 133B and a tube holder member 122B. The tube holder member 122B is supported from the ground by a pair of supports 150B and 160B
respectively. The apparatus lO9B also includes an alternating current to direct current converter llOB. In this regard, the converter llOB is coupled to a source of llOVAC power and converts this power to 12VDC for energizing a power converter 120B having a transistor l91B associated therewith. The transistor l91B is similar to transistor 91B except that it is a 2N6191.
While in the preferred form of the present invention the neon illumination apparatus lO9B is illustrated mounted outside adjacent a walkway, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that apparatus lO9B can be mounted at other locations such as interior and exterior of homes, offices and other structures.
Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. lC thereof, there is shown an illumination apparatus lOC which is constructed in accordance with the present invention. In accordance with the method of the present invention, the illumination apparatus lOC can provide a given area to be illuminated with bright glowing light when energized with low voltage direct current power.
The illumination apparatus lOC generally comprises a neon tube 14C, having a pair of reversely bent end portions indicated generally at 16C and 17C respectively for defining a small space 18B therebetween. The neon tube 14C is mounted in a tube holder 20C for holding the neon tube 14C in a stationary position relative to a mounting surface 15C adjacent to the area to be illuminated. The tube holder 20C is translucent so that SUBST~TUrE SHEET (INJ~E 26) WO94/16920 2 PCT~S93/09969 - lS~6æ

light produced by the neon tube 14C can be radiated both axially and radially from the interior of holder 20C.
A power device indicated generally at 21C is fixed to the tube holder 20C, and is more fully described herein. The power device 2lC includes a pair of conductors 25C and 26C respectively, which are adapted to be connected electrically to a power distribution system (not shown), such as the power distribution system of an automobile. This arrangement enables one or more power devices, such as the power device 21C, to be connected in series with a source of direct current low voltage power, such as 12V direct current power.
The power device 2lC includes a power conversion unit 22C to supply high frequency power and a high frequency step up transformer 24C in order to energize the neon tube 14C with high voltage power. The high frequency transformer 24C, which is relatively small in size, is disposed within the space 18C, and is coupled electrically between the neon tube 14C and the power conversion unit 22C. The power conversion unit 22C and the transformer 24C, are mounted behind the neon tube 14C
within the tube holder 20C and spaced apart from the front of tube holder 20C. This arrangement between the electronics and neon tube construction provides a substantially unobstructed end-to-end lighting arrangement. Thus, as will be explained hereinafter in greater detail, when the illumination apparatus lOC is connected in series with one or more like illumination apparatus (not shown), both large and small areas can be illuminated with end-to-end neon lighting.
In use, the illumination apparatus lOC is mounted to a mounting surface, such as the mounting surface 15C. If required, one or more like illumination apparatus (not shown) are connected in series electrically to the illumination apparatus lOC so that the given area to be T~ LE 26) WO94/16920 2 ~S ~ ~ PCT~S93/09969 illuminated is disposed adjacent to the mounted illumination apparatus. Next, the conductors of the illumination apparatus lOC is connected electrically to the source of direct current power, such as the electrical system of a motor vehicle. In this manner, when electrical energy is supplied by the power source to the neon apparatus, the area to be illuminated is radiated with bright glowing light via the neon tube 14C
within the apparatus lOC.
While the power unit 21C has been described as converting direct current power to high frequency alternating current power, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that such a power unit may also convert low frequency alternating current power to high frequency alternating current power.
The method of constructing the illumination apparatus lOC generally comprises mounting the neon tube 14C within the translucent tube holder 20C. Positioning the power conversion unit 22C behind the neon tube 14C, with the transformer 24C disposed within the space 18C.
Sealing the neon tube 14C and the power conversion unit 22C within the tube holder 20C.
In this manner, when the neon tube 14C is energized with high voltage power, via the transformer 24C, the light radiating from the neon tube will be substantially unobstructed axially to provide a source of end to end lighting. In addition, light can be radiated radially unobstructedly in substantially all directions, except toward the mounting surface area occupied by the illumination apparatus lOC, to illuminate fully the surrounding area.
Considering now the construction of the illumination apparatus lOC in greater detail, the neon tube 14C has a pair of electrodes 30C and 32C that are disposed on the distal ends of the end portions 16C and 17C respectively.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO94/16920 PCT~S93/09969 ~S~62 The electrodes 30C and 32C are adapted to be connected to the transformer 24C in order to enable the neon tube 14C
to be energized with high voltage high frequency electrical power.
As best seen in FIG. lC, the end portions 16C and 17C are integrally connected to a central body portion indicated generally at l9C and are reversely bent therefrom in opposite directions extending axially towards one another and behind the body portion l9C. The respective end portions 16C and 17C are U-shaped and slightly smaller in their overall diameter than the body portion l9C. The electrodes 30C and 32C are disposed substantially within the respective end portions 16C and 17C except for their respective distal ends. The electrodes 30C and 32C include body members 34C and 36C
respectively. The body members 34C and 36C are disposed within the interior of the tube 14C. That area of the neon tube 14C occupied by the body members 34C and 36Cis not illuminated when the tube 14Cis energized. However, with the body portion l9C of the neon tube 14C being disposed adjacent to a face portion 42C of the tube holder 20C and with the end portions 16C and 17C being disposed substantially behind the body portion l9C and spaced apart from the face 42C, the entire face 42C from 2 5 end-to-end passes the bright glowing light radiated by the tube 14C. Also, as will be explained hereinafter in greater detail, as the ends of the tube holder 20C are also translucent, the light radiating axially from the tube 14C, also passes through the ends of the holder 20C.
As best seen in FIG. lC, the end portions 16C and 17C are sufficiently spaced apart from one another to permit the transformer 24C to be disposed therebetween in the space 18C. Also, the U shape of the respective end portions 16C and 17C form another space 18AC between the body l9C and that portion of the respective end portions SUBSrlTUTE SHEFr (RU~E 26) W094tl6920 ~S 42 6~ ~T~S93/09969 16C and 17C disposed spaced apart from the body portion l9C. Space 18AC has a sufficient volume area to receive the transformer 24C therewithin.
Considering now the tube holder 20C in greater detail with reference to FIG. 2C, the tube holder 20C
generally includes an elongated body member 40C for defining a generally C-shaped channel 41C. The channel 4lC has a sufficient volume and diameter to receive the tube 14C therewithin. The tube 14C is mounted within the channel 41C by means not shown, such as by clips or C-ring grommets. The body member 40Cis an extruded part having a unitary construction. The body member 40Cis composed of a translucent material, such as a translucent plastic material. In this regard, light radiating radially from the neon tube 14C passes substantially unobstructedly through the body member 40C.
The body member includes the face 42C, a top portion 43C and a bottom portion 44C. As best seen in FIGS. lC
and 3C, the bottom portion 44C includes an elongated groove 45C that extends across its entire transverse dimension. An oval shaped hole or aperture 46Cis disposed in the center of the groove 45C and is dimensioned for allowing the conductors 25C and 26C to pass therethrough. The conductors 25C and 26C may be routed in the groove 45C.
From the foregoing, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the apparatus lOC may be mounted either with the face 42C being spaced from the mounting surface 15C or with the plate 50C being spaced from the mounting surface 15C. This alternate mounting arrangement is provided to help diffuse the bright glowing light emitted from the holder 40C when required.
In this regard, either the clear translucent face 42C or the opaque plate 50C can face outwardly toward a viewer.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RU~E 2~) wog~/16920 2l s~6~2 PCT~S93/09969 An elongated base plate 50C is dimensioned to be - secured to the rear of the body member 40C. In this regard, the plate 50C seals the neon tube 14C and transformer 24C within the holder 24C when engaged with the body member 40C. The base plate 50C is a molded part and is composed of an opaque material, such as an opaque plastic material.
In order to enable the plate 50C and holder 40C to be secured to a mounting surface, such as the surface lSC, a pair of countersunk apertures 51C and 52C extend through the holder 40C and plate 50C. The apertures 51C
and 52C are dimensioned for receiving a pair of mounting screws (not shown).
Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 4C thereof, there is shown an illumination apparatus llOC which is constructed in accordance with the present invention. The illumination apparatus llOC
is illustrated connected in series between a plurality of like illumination apparatus lllC-117C and a source of direct current power 118C, such as a battery or power supply. The illumination apparatus llOC is substantially similar to apparatus lOC except as will be described hereinafter in greater detail.
In accordance with the method of the present invention, the illumination apparatus llOC can be connected in series with the source of direct current power and as many like units, such as units lllC-117C to illuminate any given area with bright glowing light. For example, a walkway, a ceiling area of a home, or the interior of an automobile.
The illumination apparatus llOC generally comprises a neon tube 114C, a power or energy conversion unit 122C
and a high frequency transformer 124C which are substantially similar to the neon tube 14C, the power conversion unit 22C and the high frequency transformer SUBSrlTUTE SHEET (RU~E 26) WO94/16920 PCT~S93/09969 --~-2~S4~ -24C, respectively. The neon tube 114C, power conversion unit 122C and high frequency transformer are mounted in a tube holder 120C which is adapted to be coupled mechanically and electrically to a like neon illumination apparatus unit, such as the apparatus lllC and the source of direct current power 118C.
Considering now the tube holder 120C in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 4C-6C, the tube holder 120C generally includes an elongated body member 140C for defining a D-shaped channel. The channel has a sufficient volume and diameter to receive the tube 114C
therewithin. The tube 114C is mounted within the channel by means (not shown), such as by clips or C-ring grommets. The body member 140C is an extruded plastic part having a unitary construction and is composed of a translucent material, such as a translucent plastic material. In order to enable the tube holder 120C to be mounted to a stationary surface, such as a stationary surface 115C, a pair of mounting holes 151C and 152C are provided in the body member 140C. Holes 151C and 152C
are each adapted to receive a mounting screw (not shown).
The tube holder 120C also includes a pair of end caps, a male end cap 144C and a female end cap 146C. The female cap 146C is adapted to receive in mating electrical and mechanical engagement a power plug ll9C
connected electrically to the power supply 118C by an electrical conductor cable 119AC. The male cap 144C is adapted to engage another female cap 147C with a like illumination apparatus such as a female cap 147C in like apparatus lllC. The female cap 147C is substantially similar to female cap 146C.
The end caps 144C and 146C are molded parts and are composed of a translucent material, such as a translucent plastic material. In this regard, light radiating axially from the neon tube 114C passes substantially SUBSrltUTE SHEET (RUL~

WO94/16920 ~S PCT~S93l09969 unobstructedly through the end caps 144C, 146C and 147C.
Thus, a person viewing two or more of the illumination apparatus connected in series, such as the apparatus llOC
- and lllC, perceives the connected apparatus as a single unit with full end-to-end lighting.
The body member 140C and the end cap members 144C
and 146C are secured together by any conventional technique, such as by gluing.
As best seen in FIG. 5C, the end caps 144C and 146C
each include a set of electrical contacts, such as a set of contacts 144AC and 144BC associated with end cap 144C
and a set of contacts 146AC and 146BC associated with end cap 146C.
A pair of transparent electrical conductor 152C and 153C are disposed within the interior of the holder to provide an electrical path that extends the entire longit~ A 1 length of the holder 120C. The electrical conductors 152C and 153C are connected electrically to the electrical contacts 144AC, 146AC and 144BC and 146BC, respectively. In this regard, the electrical contacts in combination with the electrical conductors 152C and 153C
provide a path for the low voltage direct current power.
Another pair of conductors 154C and 155C connect the conductors 152C and 153C to the power conversion unit 122C. Thus, when direct current power flows along the conductors 152C and 153C, the power conversion unit 122C
is energized.
While a particular embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed, it is to be understood that various different modifications are possible and are contemplated within the true spirit and scope of the appended claims. There is no intention, therefore, of limitations to the exact abstract or disclosure herein presented.

SUBSmUT~ SHEET (RU~E 26)

Claims (18)

What is claimed is:

1. An illuminating apparatus (9A) for use with the electrical system (10A) of a motor vehicle (14A), comprising:
hollow tube means (20A) having a gas disposed therewithin for providing a source of bright glowing light, said tube means having a set of spaced apart electrodes;
a small sized printed circuit board (12AA) disposed near said hollow tube means (20A) for electrical device mounting thereon;
power means (16A) mounted to said printed circuit board (12AA) and coupled to the electrical system (11A) of the motor vehicle (14A) for receiving direct current power from the motor vehicle;
high-voltage high-frequency transformer means (15A) mounted to said printed circuit board and responsive to said power means (16A) for providing high-voltage electrical power to energize said tube means (20A);
low voltage conductor means (27A, 27AA) for helping to couple said high voltage high frequency transformer means (15A) to the electrical system (11A) of the motor vehicle (14A);
tube holder means (18A) adapted to be mounted to the motor vehicle (14A) for receiving and supporting said tube means (20A) in a stationary manner relative to the motor vehicle (14A); and means defining a small space (50AA) for receiving said printed circuit board (12AA) within said tube holder means (18A).

2. An illuminating apparatus (9A) according to claim 1, wherein said tube means (20A) is neon tube means.

3. An illuminating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said neon tube means (20A) is a single neon tube having electrode means (22A-25A) adapted to be electrically connected to said high-voltage high-frequency transformer means (15A).

4. An illuminating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said tube holder means (18A) is composed of a transparent plastic material and includes nonconductive protective cover means (40A) for insulating said tube means (20A) and said high-voltage high-frequency transformer means (15A) within said tube holder means (18A) to substantially prevent electrical short circuits between said high-voltage high-frequency transformer means (15A) and the motor vehicle (14A).

5. An illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein said gas is neon or argon.

6. An illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein said gas is argon.

7. A method of using an illuminating apparatus (9A) for illuminating a vehicle (14A), comprising:
using tube holder means (18A) adapted to be mounted to the vehicle (14A);
placing hollow tube means (20A) in said tube holder means (18A);
connecting a set of conductors (22A-25A) to the electrodes (17A, 19A) of said tube means (18A), said conductors each having a free end;
connecting the free ends of said conductors (22A-25A) to circuit means (12A);
mounting said circuit means (12A) and adjacent to said hollow tube means (20A) in said tube holder means (18A);
coupling said circuit means (12A) to the electrical system (10A) of the vehicle (14A);

whereby the electrical system (10A) of the vehicle (14A) energizing said circuit means (12A), which in turn, energizes said tube means (20A).

8. An illumination apparatus (9B), comprising:
elongated tube means (13B) for illuminating a desired area with bright glowing light;
elongated hollow tube member means (22B) for receiving said elongated tube means (13B) therewithin;
high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) mounted within said tube member means (22B) for supplying said tube means (13B) with sufficient high voltage, high frequency electrical power to cause it to radiate bright glowing light;
power converter means (20B) mounted within said tube member means (22B) for supplying said high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) with low voltage, high frequency electrical power;
said tube member means (22B) including end cap means (24B, 26B) for helping to seal said tube means (13B), said high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B), and said power converter means (20B) within said tube member means (22B);
said end cap means (24B, 26B) including means (28B) for coupling said power converter means (20B) to a source of low voltage, direct current electrical power (10A).

9. An illuminating apparatus according to claim 8 further comprising:
a plurality of spaced apart resilient O-rings (31B, 33B), each one of said O-rings surrounding a different portion of said elongated tube means (13B) for securing said tube means (13B) within said hollow tube member means (22B) and for protecting said tube means (13B) from breakage against tube member means (22B).

10. An illuminating apparatus (9B) according to claim 8 wherein said power converter means (20B) includes:
oscillator means (70B) coupled to said source of low voltage, direct current electrical power (10A) for producing a high frequency signal; and power transistor means (72B) responsive to such high frequency signal for supplying said high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) with the low voltage, high frequency electrical power.

11. An illuminating apparatus (9B) according to claim 8 wherein said transformer means (17B) and said power converter means (20B) are encapsulated within said end cap means (24B, 26B).

12. A method of illuminating a desired area with bright glowing light, comprising:
mounting elongated neon tube means (13B) within elongated hollow tube member means (22B);
mounting high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) within said elongated hollow tube member means (22B);
coupling said neon tube means (13B) to said high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) to supply said neon tube means (13B) with sufficient high voltage, high frequency electrical power to cause it to radiate bright glowing light;
mounting power converter means (20B) within said elongated hollow tube member means (22B);
coupling said high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) to said power converter means (20B) to supply said transformer means (17B) with low voltage, high frequency electrical power;
sealing said neon tube means (13B), said high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B), and said power converter means (20B) within said elongated hollow tube member means (22B); and coupling said power converter means to a source of low voltage, direct current electrical power.

13. An illumination apparatus (9B), comprising:
neon tube illuminating means (13B) for radiating bright glowing light;
low voltage power converter means (20B) for energizing said neon tube illuminating means (13B) with high voltage, high frequency power;
said low voltage power converter means (20B) including high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) coupled to said neon tube illumination means (13B) for supplying it with high voltage, high frequency power;
power transistor means (72B) for supplying said high voltage, high frequency transformer means (17B) with low voltage, high frequency electrical power; and oscillator means (70B) coupled to said transistor means (72B) for supplying it with a high frequency electrical signal;
hollow tube member means (22B) for receiving said neon tube means (13B) and said power converter means (20B) therewithin; and end cap means (24B, 26B) adapted to couple a source of low voltage, direct current power to said power converter means (20B) for energizing it and for sealing said neon tube means (13B) and said power converter means (20B) within said hollow tube member means (22B).

14. An illumination apparatus (9B), comprising an elongated neon tube (13B) for radiating bright glowing light;
high voltage power distribution means (21B) responsive to a low voltage, direct current signal; and elongated tube holder means (22B) for receiving said neon tube (13B) and said high voltage distribution means (21B) therewith for protecting them from exterior elements and for forming a unitary neon device.

15. An illumination apparatus (10C), comprising:
elongated tube illuminating means (14C) radiating bright glowing light both axially and radially over substantially the entire axial length thereof, said tube means (14C) having reversely bent end portions (16C, 17C) terminating at a space (18C) therebetween behind a front body portion of tube means (14C);
elongated tube holder means (20C) having a substantially elongated body member (40C) for receiving said tube means therewithin, said body member being sufficiently transparent to enable radiation of bright glowing light outwardly from said tube holder means (20C) to provide illumination over substantially its entire axial length;
power means (22C) mounted at least partially within said holder means (20C) adjacent to said elongated tube illuminating means (14C) within said space (18C) behind said body portion of said tube means (14C) to not block the forwardly directed illumination and coupled electrically thereto for energizing it with high voltage electrical power; and means for mounting said power means (22C) at least partially within said space (18C) whereby bright light radiating radially from that portion of said neon tube illuminating means (14C) adjacent to said power means (22C) is substantially blocked.

16. An illumination apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said neon tube illuminating means includes a pair of spaced apart reversely bend end portions for facilitating axial radiation of the bright light and for defining a space between the corresponding distal ends of said pair of end portions.

17. An illumination apparatus (10C) according to claim 15, wherein said elongated body member (140C) D-shaped and is translucent.

18. An illumination apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said elongated body member (40C) is translucent and includes low voltage conductor means for helping to couple said tube means (14C) to a source of low voltage power;
wherein said connector means includes a male end cap (144BC) and a female end cap (146BC), said male and female end caps being secured at opposite ends of said elongated D-shaped body portion (140C) and being connected electrically to said low voltage conductor means;
wherein one of the male and female end caps includes electrical coupling means (144AC, 146AC), for connection to said source of low voltage power; and wherein another one of the male and female end caps includes end cap coupling means (144AC, 146AC) for electrical connection to another illumination apparatus;
whereby at least two of the illumination apparatus (10C) are connected end-to-end.