CA2149283A1 - Pressure balancer for devices to control delivery and mixing of hot and cold water - Google Patents
Pressure balancer for devices to control delivery and mixing of hot and cold waterInfo
- Publication number
- CA2149283A1 CA2149283A1 CA 2149283 CA2149283A CA2149283A1 CA 2149283 A1 CA2149283 A1 CA 2149283A1 CA 2149283 CA2149283 CA 2149283 CA 2149283 A CA2149283 A CA 2149283A CA 2149283 A1 CA2149283 A1 CA 2149283A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- water
- piston
- cavity
- central cavity
- hot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Abstract
A pressure balancer to be inserted along two channels for hot and cold water to be mixed comprising a floating piston (12) in a chamber dependent upon the pressures of the two types of water. The piston is actuated by the pressures at the level of its intermediate portion and it has two opposed terminal flanges for variable closure of the water inlets in response to pressures and for completely shutting the inlet of the one water arriving when the other water is not present.
Description
~ 214~283 PREg8~U3 ~T-"t~R FOR D13VICE~ TO ~.;O~.~A;)I~
DEL.IV13RY AND MIXING OF HOT AND COLD WATER
* * *
The present invention concerns a pressure balancer for mixer valves and/or other devices to deliver hot and cold water to be mixed.
On the one hand, the application of pressure balancers is already known in, or upstream of, valves destined to receive and mix two liquids of different properties, usually hot water and cold water, and to control the flow rate and temperature of the mixed liquid delivered. The basic task of a pressure balancer is to compare the pressures of both fluids, hot water and cold water, from the supply lines, to adjust the flow rates of the ~ 2149283 two fluids delivered to the valve according to the pressure changes in the supply lines and to keep the properties of the mixed fluid delivered by the valve constant, in spite of these changes in pressure.
On the other hand, various embodiments of pressure balancers are known for such an application, which are more or less complex and show disadvantages of various nature of both constructional and functional order, well known to the technicians operating in this sector.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a pressure balancer which can easily and simply be applied to hot and cold water mixer valves and which, on account of a new structure and an original operating method, enables effective and reliable comparison between the pressures of the two types of water delivered, to correctly equalize the pressures of the two types of outflowing water to be mixed and also to fully close the inlet of one water when the other is not present, so as to prevent any dangerous delivery of very hot water.
`- 2149283 Such an object is achieved by a pressure balancer as claimed in claim 1. Further details of the invention will become apparent from the continuation of the description made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the balancer body showing the piston inside;
Fig. 2 shows a cross sectional view of the balancer; and Figs. 3 and 4 respectively show a perspective view of the balancer body viewed from the side of the water inlet holes and from the side of the water outlet passages.
The pressure balancer according to the invention essentially comprises a body 11, a floating piston 12, a ~uiding bush 13 and a piston seal 14.
The body 11 comprises two shell elements, a lower element 15 and an upper element 16, coupled with a seal 11' interposed so as to define a chamber 17 housing the piston 12. Said body is provided with connections 18 at the base of a hot and cold water mixer valve -which is known and not illustrated in the figures - and with feet 19 for positioning thereof in the tap designed to receive it along with the mixer valve. The body 11 moreover comprises a top packing 20 for seal at the base of the mixer valve and a bottom packing 21 for seal in the tap body.
The chamber 17 defined by the body 11 comprises three coaxial cavities: a central cavity 22, a first side cavity 23 and a second side cavity 24, the side cavities being on opposite sides of the central cavity. The side cavities 23, 24 communicate with the central cavity 22 through communicating passages 23', 24' respectively, which are tapered with respect to the diameter of the central cavity 22 and each of which define a valve seat 23~, 24" respectively.
The guiding bush 13 is located and fixed in the central cavity 22 with a packing 25 placed in between.
It is a guide for the movements of the floating piston 12. This piston has an intermediate cylindrical portion 26 and two terminal flanges 27, 28 which are connected to the intermediate portion by means of two tapered necks 29, 29'. The intermediate portion 26 of the piston 12 is provided with the seal 14 and is conducted in the guiding bush 13. The necks 28, 29 of the piston freely extend into the communicating passages 23', 24' and the terminal flanges 27, 28 are respectively in the first side cavity 23 and in the second side cavity 24 and are designed to interact with the valve seats 23~, 24" around the above mentioned passages 23~, 24'.
The intermediate portion 26 of the piston 12 divides the central cavity 22 into two parts A and B: the first of which (to the left in Fig. 2) communicating with the first side cavity 23, the second of which (to the right in Fig. 2) communicating with the second side cavity 24.
In the lower shell element, the balancer body 11 has two water inlet holes 30, 31, communicating respectively with parts A and s of the central cavity 22 and, in the upper shell element, two water outlet holes 32, 33 starting out from the side cavities 23, 24.
The inlet holes 30, 31 are respectively connected with the separate hot and cold water `~ 2149283 supply pipes according to arrows C and F in Fig. 2; whereas the outlet holes 32, 33 convey water from the side cavities 23, 24 to the mixer valve associated with the pressure balancer. In the balancer body 11 an opening 34 is also provided to receive the water flowing out of the mixer valve and to channel it towards the points of use. The upper packing 20 and lower packing 21 on the body 11 are configured for hydraulic seal around said holes and opening. Finally, it should be noticed that the necks 29, 29' of the piston 12 may be shaped to form a shutter in order to change the size of the inlet holes 30, 31 according to the movements of the piston.
Hot water and cold water therefore arrive separately, through the inlet holes 30, 31, at parts A and B of the central cavity 22, from opposite sides of the intermediate portion 26 of the piston 12. This piston moves automatically to balance and equalize the pressures of the two types of water directed to the mixer valve through the outlet holes 32, 33.
` 2149283 The piston is operated by the difference in pressure of the water in the cavities at the opposite sides of the intermediate portion 26 of the piston. With one pressure predominating over the other, the piston moves and throttles the flow of water with a greater pressure, thus partially closing the passage of this water from the central cavity to the side cavity and the inlet hole of the same water, if and when the necks of the piston are shaped to perform this shutter function.
If one of the waters is not present, the piston moves and rests its terminal flange on the side of the water still flowing to the corresponding valve seat to completely stop this water flowing in. Since the diameter of the seal 14 on the intermediate portion 26 of the piston in the guiding bush 13 is slightly higher than the diameter of the valve seats 23 n, 24" at the level of the passages between the central cavity and the side cavities and, therefore, it is greater than the diameter of the seal of the closing terminal flange on the valve seat, the closure is maintained by the pressure of the present and intercepted water.
` 21492~3 The difference in the diameters of the intermediate portion of the piston and of the valve seats is in any case small so that a small pressure of the water which was missing is enough to reopen the passage that was previously closed.
DEL.IV13RY AND MIXING OF HOT AND COLD WATER
* * *
The present invention concerns a pressure balancer for mixer valves and/or other devices to deliver hot and cold water to be mixed.
On the one hand, the application of pressure balancers is already known in, or upstream of, valves destined to receive and mix two liquids of different properties, usually hot water and cold water, and to control the flow rate and temperature of the mixed liquid delivered. The basic task of a pressure balancer is to compare the pressures of both fluids, hot water and cold water, from the supply lines, to adjust the flow rates of the ~ 2149283 two fluids delivered to the valve according to the pressure changes in the supply lines and to keep the properties of the mixed fluid delivered by the valve constant, in spite of these changes in pressure.
On the other hand, various embodiments of pressure balancers are known for such an application, which are more or less complex and show disadvantages of various nature of both constructional and functional order, well known to the technicians operating in this sector.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a pressure balancer which can easily and simply be applied to hot and cold water mixer valves and which, on account of a new structure and an original operating method, enables effective and reliable comparison between the pressures of the two types of water delivered, to correctly equalize the pressures of the two types of outflowing water to be mixed and also to fully close the inlet of one water when the other is not present, so as to prevent any dangerous delivery of very hot water.
`- 2149283 Such an object is achieved by a pressure balancer as claimed in claim 1. Further details of the invention will become apparent from the continuation of the description made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the balancer body showing the piston inside;
Fig. 2 shows a cross sectional view of the balancer; and Figs. 3 and 4 respectively show a perspective view of the balancer body viewed from the side of the water inlet holes and from the side of the water outlet passages.
The pressure balancer according to the invention essentially comprises a body 11, a floating piston 12, a ~uiding bush 13 and a piston seal 14.
The body 11 comprises two shell elements, a lower element 15 and an upper element 16, coupled with a seal 11' interposed so as to define a chamber 17 housing the piston 12. Said body is provided with connections 18 at the base of a hot and cold water mixer valve -which is known and not illustrated in the figures - and with feet 19 for positioning thereof in the tap designed to receive it along with the mixer valve. The body 11 moreover comprises a top packing 20 for seal at the base of the mixer valve and a bottom packing 21 for seal in the tap body.
The chamber 17 defined by the body 11 comprises three coaxial cavities: a central cavity 22, a first side cavity 23 and a second side cavity 24, the side cavities being on opposite sides of the central cavity. The side cavities 23, 24 communicate with the central cavity 22 through communicating passages 23', 24' respectively, which are tapered with respect to the diameter of the central cavity 22 and each of which define a valve seat 23~, 24" respectively.
The guiding bush 13 is located and fixed in the central cavity 22 with a packing 25 placed in between.
It is a guide for the movements of the floating piston 12. This piston has an intermediate cylindrical portion 26 and two terminal flanges 27, 28 which are connected to the intermediate portion by means of two tapered necks 29, 29'. The intermediate portion 26 of the piston 12 is provided with the seal 14 and is conducted in the guiding bush 13. The necks 28, 29 of the piston freely extend into the communicating passages 23', 24' and the terminal flanges 27, 28 are respectively in the first side cavity 23 and in the second side cavity 24 and are designed to interact with the valve seats 23~, 24" around the above mentioned passages 23~, 24'.
The intermediate portion 26 of the piston 12 divides the central cavity 22 into two parts A and B: the first of which (to the left in Fig. 2) communicating with the first side cavity 23, the second of which (to the right in Fig. 2) communicating with the second side cavity 24.
In the lower shell element, the balancer body 11 has two water inlet holes 30, 31, communicating respectively with parts A and s of the central cavity 22 and, in the upper shell element, two water outlet holes 32, 33 starting out from the side cavities 23, 24.
The inlet holes 30, 31 are respectively connected with the separate hot and cold water `~ 2149283 supply pipes according to arrows C and F in Fig. 2; whereas the outlet holes 32, 33 convey water from the side cavities 23, 24 to the mixer valve associated with the pressure balancer. In the balancer body 11 an opening 34 is also provided to receive the water flowing out of the mixer valve and to channel it towards the points of use. The upper packing 20 and lower packing 21 on the body 11 are configured for hydraulic seal around said holes and opening. Finally, it should be noticed that the necks 29, 29' of the piston 12 may be shaped to form a shutter in order to change the size of the inlet holes 30, 31 according to the movements of the piston.
Hot water and cold water therefore arrive separately, through the inlet holes 30, 31, at parts A and B of the central cavity 22, from opposite sides of the intermediate portion 26 of the piston 12. This piston moves automatically to balance and equalize the pressures of the two types of water directed to the mixer valve through the outlet holes 32, 33.
` 2149283 The piston is operated by the difference in pressure of the water in the cavities at the opposite sides of the intermediate portion 26 of the piston. With one pressure predominating over the other, the piston moves and throttles the flow of water with a greater pressure, thus partially closing the passage of this water from the central cavity to the side cavity and the inlet hole of the same water, if and when the necks of the piston are shaped to perform this shutter function.
If one of the waters is not present, the piston moves and rests its terminal flange on the side of the water still flowing to the corresponding valve seat to completely stop this water flowing in. Since the diameter of the seal 14 on the intermediate portion 26 of the piston in the guiding bush 13 is slightly higher than the diameter of the valve seats 23 n, 24" at the level of the passages between the central cavity and the side cavities and, therefore, it is greater than the diameter of the seal of the closing terminal flange on the valve seat, the closure is maintained by the pressure of the present and intercepted water.
` 21492~3 The difference in the diameters of the intermediate portion of the piston and of the valve seats is in any case small so that a small pressure of the water which was missing is enough to reopen the passage that was previously closed.
Claims (6)
1. A pressure balancer for devices to control delivery and mixing of hot and cold water comprising a body (11) which defines a chamber (17) housing a floating piston (12) that can move axially in response to the pressures of two types of water entering separately into the chamber through two inlet holes characterized in that:
- said chamber (17) comprises central cylindrical cavity (22) and a first and a second side cavity (23, 24), said side cavities being in fluid communication with the central cavity (22) through tapered communicating passages (23', 24') each of which defines a valve seat (23", 24") with a slightly smaller diameter than the diameter of the central cavity;
- said floating piston (12) has a cylindrical intermediate portion (26) guided in said central cavity (22) and two opposed terminal flanges (27, 28) connected to the central cylindrical portion by means of tapered necks (29, 29'), said tapered necks freely extending in said communicating passages (23', 24') between the central cavity and the side cavities and said terminal flanges (27, 28) resting respectively in said first and second side cavities (23, 24) and interacting with the valve seats (23", 24") for alternating opening/closing of said passages (23', 24') as a result of the axial movements of said floating piston;
- said intermediate cylindrical portion (26) of the piston comprises a peripheral seal (14) and divides the central cavity into two independent parts (A, B) at the opposite sides of the cylindrical portion itself, one first part (A) of the central cavity communicating with the first side cavity (23) and the second part (B) of the central cavity communicating with the second side cavity (24);
- said body (11) is provided with a first inlet hole (30) for the passage of hot water into said first part (A) of the central cavity (22) to flow into said first side cavity (23), a second inlet hole (31) for the passage of cold water into said second part (B) of the central cavity (22) to flow into said second side cavity (24), a first outlet hole (32) for the passage of hot water from said first side cavity (23), a second outlet hole (33) for the passage of cold water from said second side cavity (24) towards the water controlling and mixing device, with an opening (24) channelling the water from said device towards the point of use.
- said chamber (17) comprises central cylindrical cavity (22) and a first and a second side cavity (23, 24), said side cavities being in fluid communication with the central cavity (22) through tapered communicating passages (23', 24') each of which defines a valve seat (23", 24") with a slightly smaller diameter than the diameter of the central cavity;
- said floating piston (12) has a cylindrical intermediate portion (26) guided in said central cavity (22) and two opposed terminal flanges (27, 28) connected to the central cylindrical portion by means of tapered necks (29, 29'), said tapered necks freely extending in said communicating passages (23', 24') between the central cavity and the side cavities and said terminal flanges (27, 28) resting respectively in said first and second side cavities (23, 24) and interacting with the valve seats (23", 24") for alternating opening/closing of said passages (23', 24') as a result of the axial movements of said floating piston;
- said intermediate cylindrical portion (26) of the piston comprises a peripheral seal (14) and divides the central cavity into two independent parts (A, B) at the opposite sides of the cylindrical portion itself, one first part (A) of the central cavity communicating with the first side cavity (23) and the second part (B) of the central cavity communicating with the second side cavity (24);
- said body (11) is provided with a first inlet hole (30) for the passage of hot water into said first part (A) of the central cavity (22) to flow into said first side cavity (23), a second inlet hole (31) for the passage of cold water into said second part (B) of the central cavity (22) to flow into said second side cavity (24), a first outlet hole (32) for the passage of hot water from said first side cavity (23), a second outlet hole (33) for the passage of cold water from said second side cavity (24) towards the water controlling and mixing device, with an opening (24) channelling the water from said device towards the point of use.
2. A pressure balancer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said body (11) comprises two shell elements (15, 16) superimposed and coupled with a seal to define said chamber (17) housing the floating piston (12), said body being connected to a mixer valve and provided with seals at the base and between the balancer and the mixer valve.
3. A pressure balancer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the terminal flanges (27, 28) of the floating piston (12) act as shutters in association with the valve seats (23", 24") defined by tapered passages between the central cavity (22) and the side cavities (23, 24), each terminal flange (27, 28) operating, on closure, a seal on the respective valve seat (23", 24") on a circumference with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the peripheral seal (14) on the piston.
4. A pressure balancer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the necks (29, 29') connecting the terminal flanges to the intermediate cylindrical portion of the piston are shaped to form shutters for variable opening/closing of the hot and cold water inlet holes as a result of axial movements of the piston in response to the pressures of the two types of inflowing water.
5. A pressure balancer as claimed in the previous claims, wherein the lack of one type of water causes the piston to move into a position entirely shutting the passage through which the water that is present flows, since the piston is kept in such a position by the pressure of the water present, until the missing type of water returns.
6. A pressure balancer as claimed in the previous claims which can be used in association with mixer valves and upstream of taps and/or devices designed to deliver two different fluids.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITBS94A000053 | 1994-05-26 | ||
| IT94BS000053A ITBS940053A1 (en) | 1994-05-26 | 1994-05-26 | PRESSURE BALANCER FOR DISPENSING CONTROL DEVICES AND MIXING OF HOT AND COLD WATER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2149283A1 true CA2149283A1 (en) | 1995-11-27 |
Family
ID=11345309
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2149283 Abandoned CA2149283A1 (en) | 1994-05-26 | 1995-05-12 | Pressure balancer for devices to control delivery and mixing of hot and cold water |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2149283A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITBS940053A1 (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-05-26 IT IT94BS000053A patent/ITBS940053A1/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-05-12 CA CA 2149283 patent/CA2149283A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITBS940053A1 (en) | 1995-11-26 |
| ITBS940053A0 (en) | 1994-05-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |