CA2147339A1 - Modified overlay shingle - Google Patents
Modified overlay shingleInfo
- Publication number
- CA2147339A1 CA2147339A1 CA 2147339 CA2147339A CA2147339A1 CA 2147339 A1 CA2147339 A1 CA 2147339A1 CA 2147339 CA2147339 CA 2147339 CA 2147339 A CA2147339 A CA 2147339A CA 2147339 A1 CA2147339 A1 CA 2147339A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shingle
- asphalt
- layer
- membrane
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Abstract
MODIFIED OVERLAY SHINGLE
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
A modified asphalt overlay roofing shingle is disclosed. The shingle has multiple layers including one or more membranes, the lower of which is coated with typically available asphalts, while the overlay which may include a second membrane is coated with an asphalt modified with fillers, polymeric additives, or other materials designed to improve the overall performance characteristics of the shingle under extreme weather conditions.
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
A modified asphalt overlay roofing shingle is disclosed. The shingle has multiple layers including one or more membranes, the lower of which is coated with typically available asphalts, while the overlay which may include a second membrane is coated with an asphalt modified with fillers, polymeric additives, or other materials designed to improve the overall performance characteristics of the shingle under extreme weather conditions.
Description
214733~
MODIFIED OVERLAY SHINGLE ~ .
FIELD OF THE INVENTION ~- -This invention relates to roofing shingles, more specificaUy to overlay asphalt roofing shingles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENlION
Shingles are pAmarily used on residential roofs, although shingles also may be used as a siding mateAal for buildings. Typically, shingles are made of fiberglass, wood, asphalt -. ~ -or slate and are attached to a roof in overlapping rows, or courses.
It is preferable that shingles be able to resist a wide variety of continuously changing weather conditions, including the effects of heat and cold, rain, snow, ice, sun and high wind and roof traffic. It is also preferable that shingles be easy to manufacture with relatively ine~pensive mateAals. FinaUy, it is preferable that shingles be lightweight and easy to work with, and aestheticaUy pleasing.
Three basic components of asphalt shingles are:
(l) abase membrane; ;
(~) asphalt, and (3) an aggregate granule coating.
The base meinbrane provides structural strength and directly contributes to the ability of a shingle to resist thermally induced stresses and bending stresses in high winds. The ability to resist thermal and bending stresses varies with the type of membrane used. Generally, membranes are selected to mee~ the demands imposed on shingles by weather conditions in a . ':
geographical region of intended use. The two dominant types of base membranes used today are non-woven fiberglass mats and organic felts.
The rigidity of the shingle also depends on the thickness and composition of the.. ~.: ~ -. :~
asphalt used. The asphalt used generally comprises a blown asphalt mixed with a finely ground aggregate material such as limestone, fly ash, or rock dust. The added aggregate ; ~ -material thermally stabilizes the asphalt and serves as an extending agent or filler for the blown asphalt. The asphalt is applied to the base membrane during the manufacturing process and acts as a binder to hold the granule coating in place.
The granule coating that makes up the top face of an asphalt shingle also contributes to the ove~all rigidity of the shingle. ~Iowever, the granule coating is designed primarily to protect the shingle from the sun's ultraviolet (IJV) rays and other weathering elements. To -protect the shingle from the son, the granules used in a shingle typically are UV opaque. By --~
blocking out the sun's harmful W rays, the granules slow the breakdown of the asphalt shingle and prolong its useful life. The granule coating of a shingle also may be colored or may be applied in various textures and colored patterns to enhance the appearance of a covered roof.
One problem commonly encountered with the use of asphalt shingles is shingle blow-off. Shingle blow-off refers to the failure of shingles in high winds. In its extreme instances entire shingles are "bIown off. " To combat shingle blow-off, a thermo-setting adhesive is typically applied near the upper section or portion of each tab of every shingle. This thermo~
setting adhesive is usually applied during manufacture so that as adjacent courses of shingles are placed on a roof the adhesive is located between the lower edge of the overlaying shingle ~
MODIFIED OVERLAY SHINGLE ~ .
FIELD OF THE INVENTION ~- -This invention relates to roofing shingles, more specificaUy to overlay asphalt roofing shingles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENlION
Shingles are pAmarily used on residential roofs, although shingles also may be used as a siding mateAal for buildings. Typically, shingles are made of fiberglass, wood, asphalt -. ~ -or slate and are attached to a roof in overlapping rows, or courses.
It is preferable that shingles be able to resist a wide variety of continuously changing weather conditions, including the effects of heat and cold, rain, snow, ice, sun and high wind and roof traffic. It is also preferable that shingles be easy to manufacture with relatively ine~pensive mateAals. FinaUy, it is preferable that shingles be lightweight and easy to work with, and aestheticaUy pleasing.
Three basic components of asphalt shingles are:
(l) abase membrane; ;
(~) asphalt, and (3) an aggregate granule coating.
The base meinbrane provides structural strength and directly contributes to the ability of a shingle to resist thermally induced stresses and bending stresses in high winds. The ability to resist thermal and bending stresses varies with the type of membrane used. Generally, membranes are selected to mee~ the demands imposed on shingles by weather conditions in a . ':
geographical region of intended use. The two dominant types of base membranes used today are non-woven fiberglass mats and organic felts.
The rigidity of the shingle also depends on the thickness and composition of the.. ~.: ~ -. :~
asphalt used. The asphalt used generally comprises a blown asphalt mixed with a finely ground aggregate material such as limestone, fly ash, or rock dust. The added aggregate ; ~ -material thermally stabilizes the asphalt and serves as an extending agent or filler for the blown asphalt. The asphalt is applied to the base membrane during the manufacturing process and acts as a binder to hold the granule coating in place.
The granule coating that makes up the top face of an asphalt shingle also contributes to the ove~all rigidity of the shingle. ~Iowever, the granule coating is designed primarily to protect the shingle from the sun's ultraviolet (IJV) rays and other weathering elements. To -protect the shingle from the son, the granules used in a shingle typically are UV opaque. By --~
blocking out the sun's harmful W rays, the granules slow the breakdown of the asphalt shingle and prolong its useful life. The granule coating of a shingle also may be colored or may be applied in various textures and colored patterns to enhance the appearance of a covered roof.
One problem commonly encountered with the use of asphalt shingles is shingle blow-off. Shingle blow-off refers to the failure of shingles in high winds. In its extreme instances entire shingles are "bIown off. " To combat shingle blow-off, a thermo-setting adhesive is typically applied near the upper section or portion of each tab of every shingle. This thermo~
setting adhesive is usually applied during manufacture so that as adjacent courses of shingles are placed on a roof the adhesive is located between the lower edge of the overlaying shingle ~
2 ~ -..
21~7339 and the upper part or headlap area of the underlying shingle. The adhesive helps fasten the tabs down when the shingles are in their final applied configuration. ~ ~ -To further combat shingle blow-off each shingle may be secured to the shingle positioned directly beneath it and to the building roof by nails or staples. Nails or staples 5 typically pass through each shingle near the midpoint of the shingle, preferably close to the location of the therm~setting adhesive, through the upper part or headlap area of the shingle that Is disposed immediately beneath the shingle being fastened, and into the structural part -of the roof deck. Even with these measures, shingles still have a tendency to rip, tear, or break off, particularly in high wind conditions.
Another problem commonly encountered involves roof traffic. It is oftén necessary for individuals to access roof areas and walk on shingles in their final applied configuration.
Por e~cample, during the initial placement of shingles, workers typically begin laying shingles at the lower edge of the roof and work their way to the roof's peak, making it necessary for individuals and materials to pass over newly-placed shingles. Roof, valley and gutter cleaning, roof inspections and Christmas decorations often require roof traffic. Wall~ng on ;
shingles under cold conditions often results in cracking unmodified asphalt. High temperature scuffing limits application peAods in warm weather. Cracking and scuffing of the shingle surface can reduce the useful life of the shingles and destroy the esthetic value of -the roof. ~ ~ ~
~0 The useful life of a typical asphalt shingle is shortened by asphalt embrittlement ~ ;
caused by various chemical changes including o~ddation, loss of plasticizing oils through vaporization, steric hardening and chemical reactions driven by heat, W and moisture ~ ;
- - 21~733~ ~ ~
exposure. Shingles typically become brittle and unable to resist deformation and fatigue -caused by thermally induced and mechanical forces.
By placing polymer modified surfacing (overlay) in conjunction with the W resisting granules, as the weathering surface, efficient use of e~cpensive modifying agents and weather 5 resistant materials results. The polymerized asphalt prolongs the elastic character of the surface, preventing the creation of surface cracks and allowing the use of less expensive asphalts in the base portion 10. The surface cracks, if allowed to form, act as points of ~ ~;
stress concentration. These lines of stress concentration propagate through regular blown asphalt coating to cause splits in the shingle tabs. Additions of elastic polymers at the ~ ~ -10 surface efficiently and economicaUy delay this mode of failure.
SUMMARY OF T~13 TNVENllON
The present invention is a modified aspha1t overlay shingle that resists damage resulting from wind induced bending and marring, aUows a greater range of application 15 temperatures without cold cracking or high temperature scuffing, and economically prolongs the functional life of the shingle. The inventive shingle includes an overlay section compdsing in part a modified asphalt. The modified asphalt overlay provides characteristics such as long term retention of elasticity and toughness to the shingle to resist premature failure and marring, without incurdng the material costs that would be incurred when the life 20 e~ctending matedals were used throughout the composition.
The present invention includes base and overlay sections. The base section includes ;
an asphalt coated membrane that is covered on one side with granules. The overlay section -- ; ;
4 `
:
- 214733g is disposed on ~e exposed portion of the granule side of the base section. The overlay section includes a modified asphalt layer and a covering. The covering may include a granule coating or other suitable c~vering. -S BR~EF DESCRIPIION OF 1~ DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a top view of a modified overlay shingle of the present invention.]
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 taken along line A-A.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a circled portion A of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of an altemate embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. S is a cross-sectional view of the shingle of Pig. 4 talcen along line B-B.Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a circled portion B of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is an assembled cross section view of an applied configuration of the present invention.
; ~ :
DEI`AII,EI:) DESCRIPI~ON OF 1 Hti PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Figures 1-3 disclose the preferred modified overlay shingle 1 of the present invention. ;
The preferred shingle includes a base section 2 and an overlay section 4. The base section 2 includes mefnbrane S that is impregnated and coated with an asphalt 10 that is topped with a ~~ .
W resistant surfacing 15. The overlay section 4 is disposed on the normally e~cposed coated portion of the base section 2 and includes a layer of modified asphalt 20 and a covering 25.
The thermaUy activated adhesive 30 is disposed on the covering 25.
2~47~39 Membrane 5 may be made of any suitable material including fiberglass, polyester organic felts or blends of these materials. Preferably, membrane 5 comprises either alone or in combination a fiberglass, organic-fiber, or polymeric mat.
The asphalt 10 generally comprises asphalt blended with a mineral stabilizer andfiller. Preferably, the asphalt 10 used is air blown roofer's coating grade asphalt. Other binding materials may be used either alone or in conjunction with the asphalt 10, including resins, SBS, SEBS, SBR or butyl additives. Overall, the preferred asphalt 10 comprises:
(a) 30 - 50% Blown Asphalt;
(b) 80 - 50% mineral stabilizers.
Polymedc modifier may comprise from 1-10% of the unfilled asphalt coating.
The aggregate surfacing 15 is applied onto the top surface of the asphalt coatedmembrane 5. The surfacing 15 is preferably W-opaque, and may be colored. This layer forms the headlap or top of the shingle. In the applied configuration, the surfacing material IS is exposed only at the cut outs 60 or at spaces between the overlaying shingle. -The modified asphalt layer 20 of the overlay section is inked or extruded onto the exposed portion of the coated side of the base section 2. In a typical strip shingle configuration, this portion generally is about the lower four to seven inches of the twelve inch wide shingle. The modified asphalt 20 generally wiU communicate to some e~ctent through aggregate surface layer lS with the asphalt 10 of the base section 2. -The modified asphalt layer 20 may compAse either ~blown" asphalts or asphalt fluxes and certain modifying agents and stabilizers/fillers. The modifying agents generally serve to ` ~ -improve such performance characteristics as bending elasticity, granule retention, W
- - - 214733~
resistance, asphalt weathering, physical toughness, etc. The fillers or stabilizers generally provide resistance to physical deformation and improved application handling characteristics, including greater resistance to cracking during a cold application and can reduce costs.
The modifying agents of asphalt 20 generally include one ore more of either SBS, S SEBS, SBR, APP and various resins which are compatible with the chemical and physical balance of the product. Possible other agents include inert stabilizing filler materials such as crushed limestone flour, fly ash, rock dust, calcium carbonates, slate dust, silicone dioxide, fiberglass strands, and organic fibers.
Preferably, the modlfiers and agents used in any particular applicabon wiU vary -10 depending upon the particular circumstances surrounding the appliution. Modifier selection would depend upon the weathering stresses to be imposed on the shingles at the place of use, economic constraints, and the life e~pectancy of the roof assembly. For exarnple, SBS and ; `
SEBS typically would be used in cold climates, while APP would be used in hot climates. If -wind resistance and aesthetics were a major concern, then shingles typicaUy would be thicker 15 to simulate tile or shake appearances than those shingles for which cost savings was of primary importance.
Exarnples of preferred compositions include:
Example l:
(a) 3 - 20% SEBS or SBS or SBR; -(b) 80-97% unblown roofers flu~.
21473~
Example 2~
(~) 1040% APP;
(b) 90-60% unblown roofing flux.
Example 3:
(a~ I - 10% SEBS or SBS;
(b) 1/2 - 4% resins;
(c) 6~85% roofing flux;
(d) 0- 80% mineIal stabilizers.
Once the modified asphalt layer 20 is in place, the covering layer 25 may comprise either a layer of granules or a solid surface film. Preferably, the covering 25 comprises a W opaque material.
Solid surface films include metal films of copper and aluminum and/or those materials typicaUy used to provide aesthetics which are weathering resistant. Metaliæd plastic film which is W resistant also may be used. Esamples of other surface films include copper, aluminum, or other weather resistant metal films or membranes; metalized plastic such as commonly used in packaging applications, rubber-like sheets; or ethylene-dipropylene membranes OEPDM).
Figures 4-6, disclose another or second preferred embodiment. This embodiment ;;
adds an additional layer 40 to the overlay section 4. The additional layer 40 is disposed between the modified asphalt 20 and cover 15 and includes a base membrane 35 coated with modified asphalt 20. The additional layer 40 permits greater fle~cibility in terms of modes of . ~ , . ..
.. .,. ~ , .
manufacture and material formulations, and contributes to the overall performance characteristics of the final product. The spacing between membrane 35 and membrane 5 and the selection of membrane materials is controlled to provide rigidity and structural characteris,ics suitable for windloads and thermally induced forces common to the location of 5 end use.
~. . .
Adhesives 30 and 32 may also be used to hold down the shingle and prevent blow off.
The adhesive may be applied to the front, back or both sides of the shingle. Figures 1 and 4 show the preferred general locations of the adhesives on the front 30 and back 32 of the shingle.
Figure 7 shows a view of an applied preferred configuration or installahon of the inventive modified overlay shingle. Nails or staples 4~ penetrate the thick portion or overlay section of the shingle. These nails pass through the thick section of each shingle, through the thin or headlap section of the shingle directly below, and into the roof deck 5û of the ~ ~
building to which the shingles are applied. ~ -Although a preferred embodiment of this invention has been described, it will be ~ ~
appreciated that a variety of embodiments will be readily available to a person designing such ~ ~ -shingles for a specific end use. The descAption of this invention is not intended to be limiting on this invention, but is simply illustrative of two preferred embodiments.
'''~', ': ~'~ ',, . .:
::~ -, -~
. . ~ ., .
21~7339 and the upper part or headlap area of the underlying shingle. The adhesive helps fasten the tabs down when the shingles are in their final applied configuration. ~ ~ -To further combat shingle blow-off each shingle may be secured to the shingle positioned directly beneath it and to the building roof by nails or staples. Nails or staples 5 typically pass through each shingle near the midpoint of the shingle, preferably close to the location of the therm~setting adhesive, through the upper part or headlap area of the shingle that Is disposed immediately beneath the shingle being fastened, and into the structural part -of the roof deck. Even with these measures, shingles still have a tendency to rip, tear, or break off, particularly in high wind conditions.
Another problem commonly encountered involves roof traffic. It is oftén necessary for individuals to access roof areas and walk on shingles in their final applied configuration.
Por e~cample, during the initial placement of shingles, workers typically begin laying shingles at the lower edge of the roof and work their way to the roof's peak, making it necessary for individuals and materials to pass over newly-placed shingles. Roof, valley and gutter cleaning, roof inspections and Christmas decorations often require roof traffic. Wall~ng on ;
shingles under cold conditions often results in cracking unmodified asphalt. High temperature scuffing limits application peAods in warm weather. Cracking and scuffing of the shingle surface can reduce the useful life of the shingles and destroy the esthetic value of -the roof. ~ ~ ~
~0 The useful life of a typical asphalt shingle is shortened by asphalt embrittlement ~ ;
caused by various chemical changes including o~ddation, loss of plasticizing oils through vaporization, steric hardening and chemical reactions driven by heat, W and moisture ~ ;
- - 21~733~ ~ ~
exposure. Shingles typically become brittle and unable to resist deformation and fatigue -caused by thermally induced and mechanical forces.
By placing polymer modified surfacing (overlay) in conjunction with the W resisting granules, as the weathering surface, efficient use of e~cpensive modifying agents and weather 5 resistant materials results. The polymerized asphalt prolongs the elastic character of the surface, preventing the creation of surface cracks and allowing the use of less expensive asphalts in the base portion 10. The surface cracks, if allowed to form, act as points of ~ ~;
stress concentration. These lines of stress concentration propagate through regular blown asphalt coating to cause splits in the shingle tabs. Additions of elastic polymers at the ~ ~ -10 surface efficiently and economicaUy delay this mode of failure.
SUMMARY OF T~13 TNVENllON
The present invention is a modified aspha1t overlay shingle that resists damage resulting from wind induced bending and marring, aUows a greater range of application 15 temperatures without cold cracking or high temperature scuffing, and economically prolongs the functional life of the shingle. The inventive shingle includes an overlay section compdsing in part a modified asphalt. The modified asphalt overlay provides characteristics such as long term retention of elasticity and toughness to the shingle to resist premature failure and marring, without incurdng the material costs that would be incurred when the life 20 e~ctending matedals were used throughout the composition.
The present invention includes base and overlay sections. The base section includes ;
an asphalt coated membrane that is covered on one side with granules. The overlay section -- ; ;
4 `
:
- 214733g is disposed on ~e exposed portion of the granule side of the base section. The overlay section includes a modified asphalt layer and a covering. The covering may include a granule coating or other suitable c~vering. -S BR~EF DESCRIPIION OF 1~ DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a top view of a modified overlay shingle of the present invention.]
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 taken along line A-A.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a circled portion A of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of an altemate embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. S is a cross-sectional view of the shingle of Pig. 4 talcen along line B-B.Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a circled portion B of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is an assembled cross section view of an applied configuration of the present invention.
; ~ :
DEI`AII,EI:) DESCRIPI~ON OF 1 Hti PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Figures 1-3 disclose the preferred modified overlay shingle 1 of the present invention. ;
The preferred shingle includes a base section 2 and an overlay section 4. The base section 2 includes mefnbrane S that is impregnated and coated with an asphalt 10 that is topped with a ~~ .
W resistant surfacing 15. The overlay section 4 is disposed on the normally e~cposed coated portion of the base section 2 and includes a layer of modified asphalt 20 and a covering 25.
The thermaUy activated adhesive 30 is disposed on the covering 25.
2~47~39 Membrane 5 may be made of any suitable material including fiberglass, polyester organic felts or blends of these materials. Preferably, membrane 5 comprises either alone or in combination a fiberglass, organic-fiber, or polymeric mat.
The asphalt 10 generally comprises asphalt blended with a mineral stabilizer andfiller. Preferably, the asphalt 10 used is air blown roofer's coating grade asphalt. Other binding materials may be used either alone or in conjunction with the asphalt 10, including resins, SBS, SEBS, SBR or butyl additives. Overall, the preferred asphalt 10 comprises:
(a) 30 - 50% Blown Asphalt;
(b) 80 - 50% mineral stabilizers.
Polymedc modifier may comprise from 1-10% of the unfilled asphalt coating.
The aggregate surfacing 15 is applied onto the top surface of the asphalt coatedmembrane 5. The surfacing 15 is preferably W-opaque, and may be colored. This layer forms the headlap or top of the shingle. In the applied configuration, the surfacing material IS is exposed only at the cut outs 60 or at spaces between the overlaying shingle. -The modified asphalt layer 20 of the overlay section is inked or extruded onto the exposed portion of the coated side of the base section 2. In a typical strip shingle configuration, this portion generally is about the lower four to seven inches of the twelve inch wide shingle. The modified asphalt 20 generally wiU communicate to some e~ctent through aggregate surface layer lS with the asphalt 10 of the base section 2. -The modified asphalt layer 20 may compAse either ~blown" asphalts or asphalt fluxes and certain modifying agents and stabilizers/fillers. The modifying agents generally serve to ` ~ -improve such performance characteristics as bending elasticity, granule retention, W
- - - 214733~
resistance, asphalt weathering, physical toughness, etc. The fillers or stabilizers generally provide resistance to physical deformation and improved application handling characteristics, including greater resistance to cracking during a cold application and can reduce costs.
The modifying agents of asphalt 20 generally include one ore more of either SBS, S SEBS, SBR, APP and various resins which are compatible with the chemical and physical balance of the product. Possible other agents include inert stabilizing filler materials such as crushed limestone flour, fly ash, rock dust, calcium carbonates, slate dust, silicone dioxide, fiberglass strands, and organic fibers.
Preferably, the modlfiers and agents used in any particular applicabon wiU vary -10 depending upon the particular circumstances surrounding the appliution. Modifier selection would depend upon the weathering stresses to be imposed on the shingles at the place of use, economic constraints, and the life e~pectancy of the roof assembly. For exarnple, SBS and ; `
SEBS typically would be used in cold climates, while APP would be used in hot climates. If -wind resistance and aesthetics were a major concern, then shingles typicaUy would be thicker 15 to simulate tile or shake appearances than those shingles for which cost savings was of primary importance.
Exarnples of preferred compositions include:
Example l:
(a) 3 - 20% SEBS or SBS or SBR; -(b) 80-97% unblown roofers flu~.
21473~
Example 2~
(~) 1040% APP;
(b) 90-60% unblown roofing flux.
Example 3:
(a~ I - 10% SEBS or SBS;
(b) 1/2 - 4% resins;
(c) 6~85% roofing flux;
(d) 0- 80% mineIal stabilizers.
Once the modified asphalt layer 20 is in place, the covering layer 25 may comprise either a layer of granules or a solid surface film. Preferably, the covering 25 comprises a W opaque material.
Solid surface films include metal films of copper and aluminum and/or those materials typicaUy used to provide aesthetics which are weathering resistant. Metaliæd plastic film which is W resistant also may be used. Esamples of other surface films include copper, aluminum, or other weather resistant metal films or membranes; metalized plastic such as commonly used in packaging applications, rubber-like sheets; or ethylene-dipropylene membranes OEPDM).
Figures 4-6, disclose another or second preferred embodiment. This embodiment ;;
adds an additional layer 40 to the overlay section 4. The additional layer 40 is disposed between the modified asphalt 20 and cover 15 and includes a base membrane 35 coated with modified asphalt 20. The additional layer 40 permits greater fle~cibility in terms of modes of . ~ , . ..
.. .,. ~ , .
manufacture and material formulations, and contributes to the overall performance characteristics of the final product. The spacing between membrane 35 and membrane 5 and the selection of membrane materials is controlled to provide rigidity and structural characteris,ics suitable for windloads and thermally induced forces common to the location of 5 end use.
~. . .
Adhesives 30 and 32 may also be used to hold down the shingle and prevent blow off.
The adhesive may be applied to the front, back or both sides of the shingle. Figures 1 and 4 show the preferred general locations of the adhesives on the front 30 and back 32 of the shingle.
Figure 7 shows a view of an applied preferred configuration or installahon of the inventive modified overlay shingle. Nails or staples 4~ penetrate the thick portion or overlay section of the shingle. These nails pass through the thick section of each shingle, through the thin or headlap section of the shingle directly below, and into the roof deck 5û of the ~ ~
building to which the shingles are applied. ~ -Although a preferred embodiment of this invention has been described, it will be ~ ~
appreciated that a variety of embodiments will be readily available to a person designing such ~ ~ -shingles for a specific end use. The descAption of this invention is not intended to be limiting on this invention, but is simply illustrative of two preferred embodiments.
'''~', ': ~'~ ',, . .:
::~ -, -~
. . ~ ., .
Claims (12)
1. A roofing shingle having top and bottom faces and upper and lower end portions, comprising:
(a) a membrane having top and bottom faces;
(b) an asphalt coating covering the top and bottom faces of the membrane;
(c) a first covering disposed on the top face of the asphalt coated shingle membrane;
(d) a modified asphalt coating disposed over the first covering on the exposed lower end portion of the top face of the shingle; and (e) a second covering disposed on the modified asphalt coating.
(a) a membrane having top and bottom faces;
(b) an asphalt coating covering the top and bottom faces of the membrane;
(c) a first covering disposed on the top face of the asphalt coated shingle membrane;
(d) a modified asphalt coating disposed over the first covering on the exposed lower end portion of the top face of the shingle; and (e) a second covering disposed on the modified asphalt coating.
2. A roofing shingle, comprising:
(a) a membrane coated with a layer of asphalt;
(b) a first layer of granules disposed on said membrane;
(c) a layer of modified asphalt disposed on the portion of the first layer of normally exposed to weather where the modified asphalt comprises a blend of asphalts, mineral filler/stabilizers and modifiers suitable for the expected physical and weathering stresses; an additional membrane included in the overlayed modified asphalts; and (d) a second layer of granules disposed on said layer of modified asphalt.
(a) a membrane coated with a layer of asphalt;
(b) a first layer of granules disposed on said membrane;
(c) a layer of modified asphalt disposed on the portion of the first layer of normally exposed to weather where the modified asphalt comprises a blend of asphalts, mineral filler/stabilizers and modifiers suitable for the expected physical and weathering stresses; an additional membrane included in the overlayed modified asphalts; and (d) a second layer of granules disposed on said layer of modified asphalt.
3. The roofing shingle of claim 1 where at least one of the coverings is a layer of granules.
4. The roofing shingle of claim 1 where at least one of the coverings is a surface film.
5. The roofing shingle of claim 4 where said surface film is metal film.
6. The roofing shingle of claim 1 where at least one of the coverings is ultraviolet opaque.
7. A method for making a roofing shingle, comprising:
(a) covering a membrane with asphalt;
(b) depositing a first covering on the coated membrane;
(c) placing a layer of modified asphalt on the top of the asphalt coated membrane;
and (d) placing a second covering on the layer of modified asphalt.
(a) covering a membrane with asphalt;
(b) depositing a first covering on the coated membrane;
(c) placing a layer of modified asphalt on the top of the asphalt coated membrane;
and (d) placing a second covering on the layer of modified asphalt.
8. The method of claim 7 where at least one of said first coating and said second coating is a layer of granules.
9. The method of claim 7 where at least one of said first coating and said second coating is a surface film.
10. The method of claim 9 where said surface film is metal film.
11. The method of claim 7 where at least one of said first coating and said second coating is ultraviolet opaque.
12
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23777194A | 1994-05-04 | 1994-05-04 | |
| US08/237,771 | 1994-05-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2147339A1 true CA2147339A1 (en) | 1995-11-05 |
Family
ID=22895096
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2147339 Abandoned CA2147339A1 (en) | 1994-05-04 | 1995-04-19 | Modified overlay shingle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2147339A1 (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-04-19 CA CA 2147339 patent/CA2147339A1/en not_active Abandoned
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