CA2140497A1 - Magnetic fuel treatment device and method - Google Patents
Magnetic fuel treatment device and methodInfo
- Publication number
- CA2140497A1 CA2140497A1 CA 2140497 CA2140497A CA2140497A1 CA 2140497 A1 CA2140497 A1 CA 2140497A1 CA 2140497 CA2140497 CA 2140497 CA 2140497 A CA2140497 A CA 2140497A CA 2140497 A1 CA2140497 A1 CA 2140497A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- magnet
- treatment device
- housing
- fuel treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/04—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism
- F02M27/045—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism by permanent magnets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
A fuel treatment device comprising an inlet through which fuel enters the device; an outlet through which fuel exits the device; an annular fuel filtering element; and a magnet. The annular fuel filtering element comprises an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element. The magnet and the annular fuel filtering element are arranged such that fuel flows from the inlet, through the annular fuel filtering element into the annulus, passes in proximity to the magnet and through the outlet. The fuel treatment device is easily installed in an engine system.
Description
2 2~4~1 MAGNETIC FIJEI. TI~E ATMENT DEVIOE AND MEl~IOD
FiPl~ of Inv~n~;on The present invention relates in general to the treatment of fuel and more particularly to a magnetic fuel treatment device and method .
R~Arl ,r~rolm~l of ~hP Tnv~.nt;nn It is known that fuel combustion efficiency in an internal combu3tion engine can be improved by exposing fuel to a magnetic field. It is also known that this exposure to a magnetic field has the effect of reducing 11yJL~.clLL~Il emissions in gasoline-fueled vehicles, reducing nitrous oxide emissions in diesel-fueled vehicles as well as reducing paraffin gel A~ ;on in diesel and home fuel syAtems. It i8 believed that particles in a fluid, such a3 water or fuel, passing through a magnetic field at right angles become polarized, causing them to be attracted to each other rather than to other surfaces. This magnetic field expoeure or magnetic conditioning maintains the minute minerals contained in a fluid in sll~r~n~;nn clinging to each other instead of A~ lA~;nrJ as scale and causing corrosion in pipes, engine parts and other surfaces through which the fluid passes.
There are many known methods by which fuel is exposed to a magnetic field prior to combustion in car and truck engines. In these methods the magnetic device for rnn~ ;nn;nrJ the fuel is generally placed in such a way so as to treat the fuel which passes through the fuel line. For instance, in II.S. Patent 3,116,726, (Kwartz, issued January 7, 1964), the magnetic device of that invention is placed between the fuel pump and the carburetor to subject the fuel to a high intensity magnetic field. Further examples of inventions in which magnetic devices are either placed around a fuel line or are inserted into the fuel linc include U. 5 . Patent 5,329,911 (Jeong) issued July 19, 1994, U.S. Patent 5,080,080 (Melendrez) issued ~anuary 14, 1992, U.S. Patent 5,129,382 (stamps, Br. et al) issued July 1~, 1992, U.S. Patent 5,243,946 (Dalupan) ~1~0~
FiPl~ of Inv~n~;on The present invention relates in general to the treatment of fuel and more particularly to a magnetic fuel treatment device and method .
R~Arl ,r~rolm~l of ~hP Tnv~.nt;nn It is known that fuel combustion efficiency in an internal combu3tion engine can be improved by exposing fuel to a magnetic field. It is also known that this exposure to a magnetic field has the effect of reducing 11yJL~.clLL~Il emissions in gasoline-fueled vehicles, reducing nitrous oxide emissions in diesel-fueled vehicles as well as reducing paraffin gel A~ ;on in diesel and home fuel syAtems. It i8 believed that particles in a fluid, such a3 water or fuel, passing through a magnetic field at right angles become polarized, causing them to be attracted to each other rather than to other surfaces. This magnetic field expoeure or magnetic conditioning maintains the minute minerals contained in a fluid in sll~r~n~;nn clinging to each other instead of A~ lA~;nrJ as scale and causing corrosion in pipes, engine parts and other surfaces through which the fluid passes.
There are many known methods by which fuel is exposed to a magnetic field prior to combustion in car and truck engines. In these methods the magnetic device for rnn~ ;nn;nrJ the fuel is generally placed in such a way so as to treat the fuel which passes through the fuel line. For instance, in II.S. Patent 3,116,726, (Kwartz, issued January 7, 1964), the magnetic device of that invention is placed between the fuel pump and the carburetor to subject the fuel to a high intensity magnetic field. Further examples of inventions in which magnetic devices are either placed around a fuel line or are inserted into the fuel linc include U. 5 . Patent 5,329,911 (Jeong) issued July 19, 1994, U.S. Patent 5,080,080 (Melendrez) issued ~anuary 14, 1992, U.S. Patent 5,129,382 (stamps, Br. et al) issued July 1~, 1992, U.S. Patent 5,243,946 (Dalupan) ~1~0~
issued September 14, 1993, U.S. Patent 3,349,354 (Miyata) issued october 24, 1967, U.S. Patent 4,930,483 (~Jones~ issued ~une 5, 1990, Canadian Patent ~rrl~rAt~rn No. 2,094,066 (Dalupan) filed April 15, 1993, Canadian Patent A~rrl; rAti l~n No. 2,o50,02s (Dalupan) filed April 27, 1991, Canadian Patent Application 2,047,626 (Melendrez) filed July 23, 1991, Canadian Patent 1,092,917 (Dalupan) i3sued January 6, 1981, Canadian Patent 1,224,747 (Ament et al.) issued ,July 28, 1987, Canadian Patent 1,162,512 (McMahon) filed February 21, 1984, Canadian Patent 1,161,707 (Chow) issued February 7, 1984 and Canadian Patent 0 1,131,171 (Robinson~ issued September 7, 1982.
Magnetic device3 have also been placed in fuel tank3.
Canadian Patent ~rrl;rAtirn No. 2,014,541 (Sakuma) filed April 12, 1990 describes magnetic metal placed in a fuel tank of a car or stock tank. Canadian Patent Application 2,055,618(Brook6) filed May 23, 1990 describes a specially constructed fuel additive, composed of metals, located within the magnetic field of a magnet, which is placed in a fuel storage tank, fuel filter or fuel line.
The prior art describes special magnetic devices which are difficult to install since they reriuire inAertion into the fuel line or other component of the fuel system. ~rhus a magnetic fuel treatment device which does not rer,uire a specially mAnllfRr~ ed magnetiC device nor involve difficult ~n~tAllpt~rn is desirable.
ry of thf~ Inv~nt; rn According to an aspect of one: ' ' of the invention, a fuel treatment device is provided, comprising an inlet through which fuel enters the device, an outlet through which fuel exits the device, an annular fuel filtering element, and a magnet, the annular fuel filtering element compri~ing an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element, the magnet and the annular fuel filtering element being arranged such that fuel passes in proximity to the magnet at one point as it flows from the inlet, through the annular fuel filtering element into the annulus and through the outlet.
~ 4 2~
Advantageously, the inner wall of the annular fuel filtering element is para-magnetic (a magnet is attracted to the inner wall) and the magnet is affixed to the inner wall by a magnetic S f orce .
Furthermore, the fuel may be diesel fuel and the device mounted in the fuel line of a recirculating diesel fuel engine system Auch that a portion of the fuel passing through the device will pass 0 through more than once .
According to an aspect of another: ' ~;mPnt of the invention there is provided a fuel treatment device comprising a housing, an inlet through which fuel enters the hou~ing, an outlet through which fuel exits the housing, and a magnet within the housing, such that fuel flows from the inlet, passe~ in proximity to the magnet and through the outlet.
Advantageously, the housing is adapted to replace a standard fuel filter for an engine in a motor vehicle.
According to an aspect of another: ' ` m~.nt of the invention a fuel treatment method i9 provided comprising the following steps:
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) pa3sing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises an annular fuel filtering 35 element comprising an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element ~uch that in passing from the inlet to the outlet the fuel passes through the fuel filtering element.
5 21~04~
Rri l~f D~:rr~; nn of th~' nr~
A detailed descrlption of the pref~rred: ' ~;1 is provided herein below with reference to the following drawings, in 5 which:
Figure 1, in a croYs-section elevational view, lllustrates a fuel treatment device in accordance with the preferred : ' ~ ' of the invention.
Figure 2 represent~ a cross-sectional view of figure 1 at 2--2.
Pigure 3, in an elevational cut-away view, illw~trates a fuel treatment device in accordance with the preferred: ' ' m~nt Of the invention.
Det ~ D~.~:cr~t;rn of ~h~ Pr~fl~rrf~l E ' 1~; q Referring to Figure 1, there is illustrated in a cro~-sectional elevational view, a fuel treatment device in a~.,L.la~
with the preferred . ' mont of the present invention. The fuel treatment device 10 includes a housing 20 having an inlet 30 for the fuel to enter into the device and an outlet 40 for the fuel to exit.
~ter entering the device, the fuel passe3 into an outer l~pace so, i~
filtered through the annular fuel filtering element 90, and then pa~ses through holes (not ~hown in Figure 1) in the metallic inner wall 70 to the inner space 60. Within the inner space 60 the fuel comes into physical contact with, or within the magnetic field of, a magnet 80 .^-gn-.t;r~lly attached to the para-magnetic inner wall 70.
The fuel then exits at the outlet 40.
Figure 2, representO a cros~-~ectional view of Figure 1 at 2-2. The magnet 80 is shown ---gn~t;r:llly attached to the metallic inncr wall 70. The magnet in this: ' '; ~ only attaches to a ~egment of the inner wall, however in other _~;m~nt~- the magnet m~y be shaped 80 ns to be attach~!d ~long nn entire ci~ I,ial 6 2~4~97 section of the inner wall or to an entire vertical section of the inner wall.
Referring to Pigure 3, there i9 illl~ctrAt~ in a cut-away S view, a fuel treatment device of the preferred ~ ` ` ' of the pre~ent invention ~ 1 inrJ the perforations 100 of the inner wall 70, which inner wall supports the pleated paper portion o~ fuel filtering element 90.
0 The present invention relate_ to a fuel treatment device for use in a motor vehicle to provide improved fuel efficiency, reduction of 11YdL~ L3J~ emissions in gasoline-fueled vehicles, reduction of nitrous oxide emi_sions in diesel-fueled vehicles and reduction of paraffin gel t~ in diesel-~ueled vehicles. The fuel treatment device comprises a fuel filter having a magnet within it. The magnet in the fuel treatment device may be inserted into an existing fuel filter or included during -~-n~lfArtllre of a fuel filter.
For best performance of the device, the magnet should have a strength of at lea6t 10 gauss.
The fuel filtering element functions to remove impurities from fuel and is comprised of a material suitable for this function, such as a paper filter. The fuel treatment device may be constructed using any type of fuel filter and may be used to condition all types of fuels including gasoline, gacoline-ethanol mixtures, diesel and bio-diesel .
There are many advantage~ to the fuel treatment device over the prior art. In one: ` 'i of the invention, the fuel treatment device replaces a regular fuel filter and this is very simply achieved. The fuel treatment device allows a magnet to be in full physical contact with the fuel. Locating the bare magnet within a fuel filter results in the e~tr:~rt;nn of metal particles to the magnet and removal of these metal particles from the fuel. The removal of iron particle~ from the fuel will prevent the iron from lodging in the system where the iron can cau~e ructing.
214~A~7 A further advantage of the present invention is realized when the fuel treatment device is placed in a recirculating system.
The fuel sy3tem of a gasoline engine or a diesel engine has the very important function of supplying filtered fuel to the engine. In a 5 gasoline engine the ueL system is known as a non-recirculating system, that i8, the gas which is drawn for the engine onLy passes through one time before being consumed by the engine. This "single pass~ system i3 also found in the fuel system of diesel engines, but it is an older design which now has limited use. Presently the more 0 common type of uel system in diesel engines is known as a recirculating system. The basic design i9 similar to 8 non-recirculating system, however, an extra fuel line is added to recycle the fuel back to the supply tank. The recirculating system circuLates several times more fuel than is used by the engine. For 5 example, an engine which burns five gallons of fuel may pump 50 gallons through the fuel system during that time.
Using the fuel treatment device as the filter in a recirculating system means that a portion of the fuel will pa~s 20 through the device several times. Thus the fuel is extensively treated and this results in improved fuel efficiency and decreased nitrous oxide emissions. This advantage is an i ~ over the prior art devices, which do not provide for repeated treatment o fuel .
In the ' of the present invention shown in Figure 1, a magnet or multiple magnets may be placed in an existing fuel filter 10. This procedure is easy and inexpensive compared to the installation of a specially built magnetic device into a fuel 30 line or fuel filter, as described in the prior art. In addition, when filter 10 is replaced, magnet 80 can be reused in the new filter. Filters are replaced approximately every 20,000 km for trucks .
Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,~ .l e a possible location of magn~t 80 in a diesel spin-on fuel filter. To install a magnet into an existing fuel filter it may be easier to use two smaller magnets.
The magnet or magnets are inserted through the outlet 40 and into the 2~4~7 inner space 60 . Placing the magnet (8) in the inner space provides the fuel passing through the filter with 100% exposure to the magnetic field. This ;n~ A~;nn of the magnet(s) into the fuel filter does not require the filter to be cut open and as such is 5 fast, easy and inexpensive. The prior art which resluired the magnetic device to be attached to the fuel line or inserted into the fuel line could require the rl; ~ ly of hoges, construction of pipes with fittings, adapter~, or clamps, an aluminum housing for the magnet and other ' ;~1 adjustments.
To produce the fuel treatment device it is also a simple process to place the magnet into a fuel filter during m~n1~fA~-t~re of the filter. The magnet is placed in the filter by affixing it to the inner wall before being closed within the housing 20. The magnet may 15 be m:-~n~;r:~lly affixed to the inner wall if the inner wall is para-magnetic. Figure l and Figure 2 also demon~trate a pos~ible location of a magnet in a diesel spin-on fuel filter for a mAn~lf~ lred fuel treatment device. A magnet shaped to cover a circumferential section or a vertical length section of the inner wall may be used when the 20 magnet is installed during manufacture of the device. Such magnets can provide an even greater amount of exposure to a magnetic field for the fuel. Alternatively, a magnet could be located in the outlet 40 to treat fuel as it exits the device. In another alternative, a magnet could be located in the outer space 50 80 that fuel pauses in 25 proximity to the magnet even before being filtered by the filtering element. The housing wall could be para-magnetic 80 that a magnet in the outer space could be affixed magnetically to the housing wall.
Another advantage of the present invention i9 that the 30 magnet in the fuel treatment device, whether inserted into an existing fuel filter or inserted during ---n~f~-t~lre of a fuel filter, can be in a charged or uncharged condition. An uncharged magnet may be charged when required, for example,; ''s~t~ly before ;na~ ln of .I fuel treatment device.
It should be noted that a brass-body type filter may negate the effect of a m.~gnet in the fuel treatment device and as such the use of brass filters should be avoided.
2~A~7 g ~ he increased fuel efficiency obtained using the present invention is attributed to the polarization of particles in the fuel by the magnetic field. This pnlAri~ti~)n i8 believed to replace the 5 naturally chaotic fuel particlet with evenly charged, uniformly-aligned fuel particles producing a total burn for a complete BTU
output and better fuel efficiency. ~rhe fuel treatment device also attracts and removes previous carbon build-up in jets, in~ectors and engines for even higher efficiency. Generally, fuel is wasted when 0 fuel injectors and other parts are clogged and the prenent invention alleviates and then prevents this condition.
The use of the pret~ent invention provides better performance for motor vehicles. Road tests with a sensitivity of 15 det~ction of 0.01 pounds of fuel, have ~.m~n~trAtl~l a lS~ increase in fuel economy using the fuel treatment device of the present invention. However, i ~t~l y after ingtallation of the fuel treatment device, previous carbon and paraffin build-up ig tiif~lo~-and A- lAtl-~ in the fuel, and thus fuel efficiency may fluctuate 20 until these residues are fully flushed from the system.
Using dieseL fuel in cold weather is problematic, since the paraffin in th~ fuel will solidify at t, t~lre8 at and below freezing. As fuel t~ t ~ decreases, the fuel first becomes 25 cloudy as the paraffin in the fuel comes out of solution, known as the cloud point. After the cloud point is reached, the paraffin begins to solidify and the solids may become large enough to be lodged in a fuel filter. This solidification of the paraffin is known as the paraffin gel t~ or paraffin gel point which 30 generally occurs at approximately 15F below the cloud point. At the paraffin gel point, the paraffin begins to form a restrictive coating on the filter which results in a 1098 of engine power. Use of the fuel treatment device of the present invention lowers the paraffin gel point of the fuel to avoid the 1088 of engine power. The use of 35 the fuel treatment device of the present invention will result in less need for the diesel fuel additives which address this problem.
lo 2~4~
Using the fuel treatment device of the present invention, - tests have shown that h~dLu~AL~ul~ emissions have been reduced by 100 in gasoline fueled vehicles and nitrous oxide emissions have been decreased by 50~ in die~el fueled vehicles. Almost no soot i9 S emitted from diesel engines when the fuel treatment device is used.
E~ 1~ 1 - pAraff;n ('.~1 ~ r:~t lre A. Diesel fuel filters were filled with diesel oil and placed upright on a tray inside a walk-in freezer at -20F. ~8 the temperature of the filters and the diesel oil decreased, it waG
observed that the diesel fuel gelling occurred at a lower temperature ~approximately 5F difference) in the filters ,-,~ntA;n;n~ magnets than in the filters without magnets.
B. These same filters at -20F were then placed in a room at ambient t~ ' e. As the temperature of both filters increased, the filter with the magnet lost its paraffin gel condition approximately 5 minutes before the filter without the magnet lost its 20 paraffin gel condition. This difference would also e~luate to a delay of approximately 5F in the filter without the magnet.
C. i3y pouring liquid paraffin on a charged magnet and on a non-charged magnet, it is observed that the paraffin on a charged 25 magnet presents a very thin, even and very smooth Arr~rAn~-~, whereas the paraffin on the non-charged magnet appears thick in places, uneven and not smooth.
r 1 e 2 -- Ey~l. u. ~ . 1 ,. .., ~--; AAi r~nA
A. A 1993 Ford Ranger V6 engine vehicle was tested for hyllLu~ LL.ull ~YC) emissiona. Under normal conditions (control) at a high RPM value, the hydrocarbon emissions were 2 ppm (part~ per million) but at a lower RPM were 0 ppm. When a magnet was placed 35 within the fuel filter of the Ranger, the II~ILUU-LIJUI~ emissions at high RPM value were reduced to 0 ~Table 1).
2~4~
B. using a 1993 Lincoln with a magnet placed in the fuel filter, the test emi3sions data showed that the hydrocarbon emissions had been reduced to 0 ppm (Table 2).
S r le 3 - ~;tro~ Y;~ Rm;Qn;onQ
For a test on nitrous oxide emissions, a 1983 GMC 6.2 diesel-fueled vehicle was utilized. When a magnet was inserted lnto the fuel filter of the GMC, the nitrous oxide emissions were reduced 0 approximately 50'~.
Other variations and modifications of the invention are poasible. For example, in a further ~ ' 'mGn~ of the invention, the 5 fuel i ~ c device does not include the fuel filtering element, rather a magnet providea conditioning of the fuel within a housing which is shaped to replace a standard fuel filter. In thi:i fuel treatment device, fuel passes through an inlet into the housing of the device where the magnet is located and exits through an outlet of 20 the device. ~he magnet is located in housing of the device in such a manner that the fuel will pass in proximity to the magnet.
~ he fuel;, ~,~. device without the fuel filtering element may last for the lifetime of a vehicle which will result in 25 rnnQ~ rRhl l~ savings since it will not need to be replaced like regular filter~. For example, a truck lasts an average lifetime of 900,000 km. Over the lifetime of the truck, a regular fuel filter would need to be replaced approximately every 20,000 km, which would equal 45 filter rorl~ Q. In, , r;Qnn, only one fuel 30 i, ~,.. ' device compriaing a magnet as the rnn~;~;nnor i5 reo,uired over the lifetime of the truck. ~hia amounts to a considerable saving of time and expense by avoiding the need to change 45 fuel filters over th~ lifetime of a truck. Commercial trucks and transports often have more than one fuel filter which could each be 35 replaced by the fuel ~ _ .,. ' device compriaing only a magnet as the conditioning unit. ~he advantage of thia fuel treatment device is that it is eaay to install since it merely replaces a regular filter. In addition, it allows ~uel to be treated several timeg when it i~ installed in a recirculating engine ~ystem.
Although preferred ~ c o~ the invention are 5 ae.c~-r~hf~fl, it will be ~d~L.,~ by those skilled in the art that variations may be made without departing ~rom the spirit of the invention or the scope o~ the appended claims.
Magnetic device3 have also been placed in fuel tank3.
Canadian Patent ~rrl;rAtirn No. 2,014,541 (Sakuma) filed April 12, 1990 describes magnetic metal placed in a fuel tank of a car or stock tank. Canadian Patent Application 2,055,618(Brook6) filed May 23, 1990 describes a specially constructed fuel additive, composed of metals, located within the magnetic field of a magnet, which is placed in a fuel storage tank, fuel filter or fuel line.
The prior art describes special magnetic devices which are difficult to install since they reriuire inAertion into the fuel line or other component of the fuel system. ~rhus a magnetic fuel treatment device which does not rer,uire a specially mAnllfRr~ ed magnetiC device nor involve difficult ~n~tAllpt~rn is desirable.
ry of thf~ Inv~nt; rn According to an aspect of one: ' ' of the invention, a fuel treatment device is provided, comprising an inlet through which fuel enters the device, an outlet through which fuel exits the device, an annular fuel filtering element, and a magnet, the annular fuel filtering element compri~ing an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element, the magnet and the annular fuel filtering element being arranged such that fuel passes in proximity to the magnet at one point as it flows from the inlet, through the annular fuel filtering element into the annulus and through the outlet.
~ 4 2~
Advantageously, the inner wall of the annular fuel filtering element is para-magnetic (a magnet is attracted to the inner wall) and the magnet is affixed to the inner wall by a magnetic S f orce .
Furthermore, the fuel may be diesel fuel and the device mounted in the fuel line of a recirculating diesel fuel engine system Auch that a portion of the fuel passing through the device will pass 0 through more than once .
According to an aspect of another: ' ~;mPnt of the invention there is provided a fuel treatment device comprising a housing, an inlet through which fuel enters the hou~ing, an outlet through which fuel exits the housing, and a magnet within the housing, such that fuel flows from the inlet, passe~ in proximity to the magnet and through the outlet.
Advantageously, the housing is adapted to replace a standard fuel filter for an engine in a motor vehicle.
According to an aspect of another: ' ` m~.nt of the invention a fuel treatment method i9 provided comprising the following steps:
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) pa3sing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises an annular fuel filtering 35 element comprising an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element ~uch that in passing from the inlet to the outlet the fuel passes through the fuel filtering element.
5 21~04~
Rri l~f D~:rr~; nn of th~' nr~
A detailed descrlption of the pref~rred: ' ~;1 is provided herein below with reference to the following drawings, in 5 which:
Figure 1, in a croYs-section elevational view, lllustrates a fuel treatment device in accordance with the preferred : ' ~ ' of the invention.
Figure 2 represent~ a cross-sectional view of figure 1 at 2--2.
Pigure 3, in an elevational cut-away view, illw~trates a fuel treatment device in accordance with the preferred: ' ' m~nt Of the invention.
Det ~ D~.~:cr~t;rn of ~h~ Pr~fl~rrf~l E ' 1~; q Referring to Figure 1, there is illustrated in a cro~-sectional elevational view, a fuel treatment device in a~.,L.la~
with the preferred . ' mont of the present invention. The fuel treatment device 10 includes a housing 20 having an inlet 30 for the fuel to enter into the device and an outlet 40 for the fuel to exit.
~ter entering the device, the fuel passe3 into an outer l~pace so, i~
filtered through the annular fuel filtering element 90, and then pa~ses through holes (not ~hown in Figure 1) in the metallic inner wall 70 to the inner space 60. Within the inner space 60 the fuel comes into physical contact with, or within the magnetic field of, a magnet 80 .^-gn-.t;r~lly attached to the para-magnetic inner wall 70.
The fuel then exits at the outlet 40.
Figure 2, representO a cros~-~ectional view of Figure 1 at 2-2. The magnet 80 is shown ---gn~t;r:llly attached to the metallic inncr wall 70. The magnet in this: ' '; ~ only attaches to a ~egment of the inner wall, however in other _~;m~nt~- the magnet m~y be shaped 80 ns to be attach~!d ~long nn entire ci~ I,ial 6 2~4~97 section of the inner wall or to an entire vertical section of the inner wall.
Referring to Pigure 3, there i9 illl~ctrAt~ in a cut-away S view, a fuel treatment device of the preferred ~ ` ` ' of the pre~ent invention ~ 1 inrJ the perforations 100 of the inner wall 70, which inner wall supports the pleated paper portion o~ fuel filtering element 90.
0 The present invention relate_ to a fuel treatment device for use in a motor vehicle to provide improved fuel efficiency, reduction of 11YdL~ L3J~ emissions in gasoline-fueled vehicles, reduction of nitrous oxide emi_sions in diesel-fueled vehicles and reduction of paraffin gel t~ in diesel-~ueled vehicles. The fuel treatment device comprises a fuel filter having a magnet within it. The magnet in the fuel treatment device may be inserted into an existing fuel filter or included during -~-n~lfArtllre of a fuel filter.
For best performance of the device, the magnet should have a strength of at lea6t 10 gauss.
The fuel filtering element functions to remove impurities from fuel and is comprised of a material suitable for this function, such as a paper filter. The fuel treatment device may be constructed using any type of fuel filter and may be used to condition all types of fuels including gasoline, gacoline-ethanol mixtures, diesel and bio-diesel .
There are many advantage~ to the fuel treatment device over the prior art. In one: ` 'i of the invention, the fuel treatment device replaces a regular fuel filter and this is very simply achieved. The fuel treatment device allows a magnet to be in full physical contact with the fuel. Locating the bare magnet within a fuel filter results in the e~tr:~rt;nn of metal particles to the magnet and removal of these metal particles from the fuel. The removal of iron particle~ from the fuel will prevent the iron from lodging in the system where the iron can cau~e ructing.
214~A~7 A further advantage of the present invention is realized when the fuel treatment device is placed in a recirculating system.
The fuel sy3tem of a gasoline engine or a diesel engine has the very important function of supplying filtered fuel to the engine. In a 5 gasoline engine the ueL system is known as a non-recirculating system, that i8, the gas which is drawn for the engine onLy passes through one time before being consumed by the engine. This "single pass~ system i3 also found in the fuel system of diesel engines, but it is an older design which now has limited use. Presently the more 0 common type of uel system in diesel engines is known as a recirculating system. The basic design i9 similar to 8 non-recirculating system, however, an extra fuel line is added to recycle the fuel back to the supply tank. The recirculating system circuLates several times more fuel than is used by the engine. For 5 example, an engine which burns five gallons of fuel may pump 50 gallons through the fuel system during that time.
Using the fuel treatment device as the filter in a recirculating system means that a portion of the fuel will pa~s 20 through the device several times. Thus the fuel is extensively treated and this results in improved fuel efficiency and decreased nitrous oxide emissions. This advantage is an i ~ over the prior art devices, which do not provide for repeated treatment o fuel .
In the ' of the present invention shown in Figure 1, a magnet or multiple magnets may be placed in an existing fuel filter 10. This procedure is easy and inexpensive compared to the installation of a specially built magnetic device into a fuel 30 line or fuel filter, as described in the prior art. In addition, when filter 10 is replaced, magnet 80 can be reused in the new filter. Filters are replaced approximately every 20,000 km for trucks .
Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,~ .l e a possible location of magn~t 80 in a diesel spin-on fuel filter. To install a magnet into an existing fuel filter it may be easier to use two smaller magnets.
The magnet or magnets are inserted through the outlet 40 and into the 2~4~7 inner space 60 . Placing the magnet (8) in the inner space provides the fuel passing through the filter with 100% exposure to the magnetic field. This ;n~ A~;nn of the magnet(s) into the fuel filter does not require the filter to be cut open and as such is 5 fast, easy and inexpensive. The prior art which resluired the magnetic device to be attached to the fuel line or inserted into the fuel line could require the rl; ~ ly of hoges, construction of pipes with fittings, adapter~, or clamps, an aluminum housing for the magnet and other ' ;~1 adjustments.
To produce the fuel treatment device it is also a simple process to place the magnet into a fuel filter during m~n1~fA~-t~re of the filter. The magnet is placed in the filter by affixing it to the inner wall before being closed within the housing 20. The magnet may 15 be m:-~n~;r:~lly affixed to the inner wall if the inner wall is para-magnetic. Figure l and Figure 2 also demon~trate a pos~ible location of a magnet in a diesel spin-on fuel filter for a mAn~lf~ lred fuel treatment device. A magnet shaped to cover a circumferential section or a vertical length section of the inner wall may be used when the 20 magnet is installed during manufacture of the device. Such magnets can provide an even greater amount of exposure to a magnetic field for the fuel. Alternatively, a magnet could be located in the outlet 40 to treat fuel as it exits the device. In another alternative, a magnet could be located in the outer space 50 80 that fuel pauses in 25 proximity to the magnet even before being filtered by the filtering element. The housing wall could be para-magnetic 80 that a magnet in the outer space could be affixed magnetically to the housing wall.
Another advantage of the present invention i9 that the 30 magnet in the fuel treatment device, whether inserted into an existing fuel filter or inserted during ---n~f~-t~lre of a fuel filter, can be in a charged or uncharged condition. An uncharged magnet may be charged when required, for example,; ''s~t~ly before ;na~ ln of .I fuel treatment device.
It should be noted that a brass-body type filter may negate the effect of a m.~gnet in the fuel treatment device and as such the use of brass filters should be avoided.
2~A~7 g ~ he increased fuel efficiency obtained using the present invention is attributed to the polarization of particles in the fuel by the magnetic field. This pnlAri~ti~)n i8 believed to replace the 5 naturally chaotic fuel particlet with evenly charged, uniformly-aligned fuel particles producing a total burn for a complete BTU
output and better fuel efficiency. ~rhe fuel treatment device also attracts and removes previous carbon build-up in jets, in~ectors and engines for even higher efficiency. Generally, fuel is wasted when 0 fuel injectors and other parts are clogged and the prenent invention alleviates and then prevents this condition.
The use of the pret~ent invention provides better performance for motor vehicles. Road tests with a sensitivity of 15 det~ction of 0.01 pounds of fuel, have ~.m~n~trAtl~l a lS~ increase in fuel economy using the fuel treatment device of the present invention. However, i ~t~l y after ingtallation of the fuel treatment device, previous carbon and paraffin build-up ig tiif~lo~-and A- lAtl-~ in the fuel, and thus fuel efficiency may fluctuate 20 until these residues are fully flushed from the system.
Using dieseL fuel in cold weather is problematic, since the paraffin in th~ fuel will solidify at t, t~lre8 at and below freezing. As fuel t~ t ~ decreases, the fuel first becomes 25 cloudy as the paraffin in the fuel comes out of solution, known as the cloud point. After the cloud point is reached, the paraffin begins to solidify and the solids may become large enough to be lodged in a fuel filter. This solidification of the paraffin is known as the paraffin gel t~ or paraffin gel point which 30 generally occurs at approximately 15F below the cloud point. At the paraffin gel point, the paraffin begins to form a restrictive coating on the filter which results in a 1098 of engine power. Use of the fuel treatment device of the present invention lowers the paraffin gel point of the fuel to avoid the 1088 of engine power. The use of 35 the fuel treatment device of the present invention will result in less need for the diesel fuel additives which address this problem.
lo 2~4~
Using the fuel treatment device of the present invention, - tests have shown that h~dLu~AL~ul~ emissions have been reduced by 100 in gasoline fueled vehicles and nitrous oxide emissions have been decreased by 50~ in die~el fueled vehicles. Almost no soot i9 S emitted from diesel engines when the fuel treatment device is used.
E~ 1~ 1 - pAraff;n ('.~1 ~ r:~t lre A. Diesel fuel filters were filled with diesel oil and placed upright on a tray inside a walk-in freezer at -20F. ~8 the temperature of the filters and the diesel oil decreased, it waG
observed that the diesel fuel gelling occurred at a lower temperature ~approximately 5F difference) in the filters ,-,~ntA;n;n~ magnets than in the filters without magnets.
B. These same filters at -20F were then placed in a room at ambient t~ ' e. As the temperature of both filters increased, the filter with the magnet lost its paraffin gel condition approximately 5 minutes before the filter without the magnet lost its 20 paraffin gel condition. This difference would also e~luate to a delay of approximately 5F in the filter without the magnet.
C. i3y pouring liquid paraffin on a charged magnet and on a non-charged magnet, it is observed that the paraffin on a charged 25 magnet presents a very thin, even and very smooth Arr~rAn~-~, whereas the paraffin on the non-charged magnet appears thick in places, uneven and not smooth.
r 1 e 2 -- Ey~l. u. ~ . 1 ,. .., ~--; AAi r~nA
A. A 1993 Ford Ranger V6 engine vehicle was tested for hyllLu~ LL.ull ~YC) emissiona. Under normal conditions (control) at a high RPM value, the hydrocarbon emissions were 2 ppm (part~ per million) but at a lower RPM were 0 ppm. When a magnet was placed 35 within the fuel filter of the Ranger, the II~ILUU-LIJUI~ emissions at high RPM value were reduced to 0 ~Table 1).
2~4~
B. using a 1993 Lincoln with a magnet placed in the fuel filter, the test emi3sions data showed that the hydrocarbon emissions had been reduced to 0 ppm (Table 2).
S r le 3 - ~;tro~ Y;~ Rm;Qn;onQ
For a test on nitrous oxide emissions, a 1983 GMC 6.2 diesel-fueled vehicle was utilized. When a magnet was inserted lnto the fuel filter of the GMC, the nitrous oxide emissions were reduced 0 approximately 50'~.
Other variations and modifications of the invention are poasible. For example, in a further ~ ' 'mGn~ of the invention, the 5 fuel i ~ c device does not include the fuel filtering element, rather a magnet providea conditioning of the fuel within a housing which is shaped to replace a standard fuel filter. In thi:i fuel treatment device, fuel passes through an inlet into the housing of the device where the magnet is located and exits through an outlet of 20 the device. ~he magnet is located in housing of the device in such a manner that the fuel will pass in proximity to the magnet.
~ he fuel;, ~,~. device without the fuel filtering element may last for the lifetime of a vehicle which will result in 25 rnnQ~ rRhl l~ savings since it will not need to be replaced like regular filter~. For example, a truck lasts an average lifetime of 900,000 km. Over the lifetime of the truck, a regular fuel filter would need to be replaced approximately every 20,000 km, which would equal 45 filter rorl~ Q. In, , r;Qnn, only one fuel 30 i, ~,.. ' device compriaing a magnet as the rnn~;~;nnor i5 reo,uired over the lifetime of the truck. ~hia amounts to a considerable saving of time and expense by avoiding the need to change 45 fuel filters over th~ lifetime of a truck. Commercial trucks and transports often have more than one fuel filter which could each be 35 replaced by the fuel ~ _ .,. ' device compriaing only a magnet as the conditioning unit. ~he advantage of thia fuel treatment device is that it is eaay to install since it merely replaces a regular filter. In addition, it allows ~uel to be treated several timeg when it i~ installed in a recirculating engine ~ystem.
Although preferred ~ c o~ the invention are 5 ae.c~-r~hf~fl, it will be ~d~L.,~ by those skilled in the art that variations may be made without departing ~rom the spirit of the invention or the scope o~ the appended claims.
Claims (27)
1. A fuel treatment device comprising an inlet through which fuel enters the device, an outlet through which fuel exits the device, an annular fuel filtering element, and a magnet, the annular fuel filtering element comprising an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element, the magnet and the annular fuel filtering element being arranged such that fuel passes in proximity to the magnet at one point as it flows from the inlet, through the annular fuel filtering element into the annulus, and through the outlet.
2. The fuel treatment device of claim 1, wherein the magnet is affixed to the inner wall of the annular fuel filtering element.
3. The fuel treatment device of claim 2, wherein the inner wall is para-magnetic and the magnet is affixed to the inner wall by a magnetic force.
4. The fuel treatment device of claim 1, wherein the magnet is affixed to the fuel treatment device in proximity to the outlet.
5. The fuel treatment device of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the fuel is diesel fuel and the device is mounted in the fuel line of a recirculating diesel engine system such that a portion of the fuel passing through the device will pass through the device more than once.
6. The fuel treatment device of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the magnet has a strength of at least 10 gauss.
7. The fuel treatment device of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the magnet is a permanent magnet.
8. The fuel treatment device of claim 1, 2 or 4 wherein the magnet is a permanent magnet which is in an uncharged state until the device is activated by charging the magnet.
9. A fuel treatment device comprising a housing, an inlet in the housing through which fuel enters the housing, an outlet in the housing through which fuel exits the housing, an annular fuel filtering element within the housing, and a magnet within the housing, the annular fuel filtering element comprising an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element, the magnet being located between the housing and the annular fuel filtering element such that fuel flows from the inlet, passes in proximity to the magnet, through the annular fuel filtering element into the annulus and through the outlet.
10. The fuel treatment device of claim 9, wherein the magnet is affixed to the housing.
11. The fuel treatment device of claim 10, wherein the housing is para-magnetic and the magnet is affixed to the housing by magnetic force.
12. The fuel treatment device of claim 9, 10 or 11 wherein the fuel is diesel fuel and the device is mounted in the fuel line of a recirculating diesel engine system such that a portion of the fuel passing through the device will pass through the device more than once.
13. The fuel treatment device of claim 9, 10 or 11 wherein the magnet has a strength of at least 10 gauss.
14. The fuel treatment device of claim 9, 10 or 11 wherein the magnetic is a permanent magnet.
15. The fuel treatment device of claim 9 or 10 wherein the magnet is a permanent magnet which is in an uncharged state until the device is activated by charging the magnet.
16. A fuel treatment device comprising a housing, an inlet through which fuel enters the housing, an outlet through which fuel exits the housing, and ~ magnet within the housing, such that fuel flows from the inlet, passes in proximity to the magnet and through the outlet.
17. The fuel treatment device of claim 16, wherein the magnet is affixed to the housing.
18. The fuel treatment device of claim 17, wherein the housing is para-magnetic and the magnet is affixed to the housing by magnetic force.
19. The fuel treatment device of claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein the fuel is diesel fuel and the device is mounted in the fuel line of a recirculating diesel engine system such that a portion of the fuel passing through the device will pass through the device more than once .
20. The fuel treatment of claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein the housing is adapted to replace a standard fuel filter for an engine in a motor vehicle.
21. The fuel treatment device of claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein the magnet has strength of at least 10 gauss.
22 The fuel treatment device of claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein the magnet is a permanent magnet.
23. A fuel treatment method comprising the following steps:
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) passing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises an annular fuel filtering element comprising an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element such that in passing from the inlet to the outlet the fuel passes through the fuel filtering element.
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) passing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises an annular fuel filtering element comprising an inner wall forming the annulus of the annular fuel filtering element such that in passing from the inlet to the outlet the fuel passes through the fuel filtering element.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the magnet is affixed to the inner wall of the annular fuel filtering element.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the inner wall is para-magnetic and the magnet is affixed to the inner wall by a magnetic force.
26. A fuel treatment method comprising the following steps:
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) passing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises a housing adapted to replace a standard fuel filter for an engine in a motor vehicle.
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) passing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises a housing adapted to replace a standard fuel filter for an engine in a motor vehicle.
27. A fuel treatment method in recirculating diesel engine system comprising the following steps:
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) passing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises a fuel filter in the recirculating diesel engine system such that a portion of the fuel passes through the fuel treatment device more than once.
TABLE I
EMISSIONS TEST DATA
Control CO .01%
HC 2 ppm CO2 15.5%
Oxygen .2%
Engine Temperature 59 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 5016 Vaccuum .0 CO .01%
HC 0 ppm CO2 15.4%
Oxygen .3%
Engine Temperature 59 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 797 Vacuum .0 Magnet in Fuel Filter CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 15.6%
Oxygen .2%
Engine Temperature 80 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 5050 Vacuum 4.8 CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 15.5%
Oxygen .2%
Engine Temperature 80 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 1560 Vacuum 4.8 EMISSIONS TEST DATA WITH MAGNET IN FUEL FILTER
CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 14.8%
Oxygen .2%, Engine Temperature 85 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 4934 Vacuum 4.8 CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 14.4%
Oxygen .8%
Engine Temperature 85 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 717 Vacuum 4.8
a) passing fuel through an inlet into a fuel treatment device, b) passing the fuel in proximity to a magnet within the fuel treatment device, c) passing the fuel through an outlet out of the fuel treatment device, wherein the fuel treatment device comprises a fuel filter in the recirculating diesel engine system such that a portion of the fuel passes through the fuel treatment device more than once.
TABLE I
EMISSIONS TEST DATA
Control CO .01%
HC 2 ppm CO2 15.5%
Oxygen .2%
Engine Temperature 59 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 5016 Vaccuum .0 CO .01%
HC 0 ppm CO2 15.4%
Oxygen .3%
Engine Temperature 59 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 797 Vacuum .0 Magnet in Fuel Filter CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 15.6%
Oxygen .2%
Engine Temperature 80 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 5050 Vacuum 4.8 CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 15.5%
Oxygen .2%
Engine Temperature 80 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 1560 Vacuum 4.8 EMISSIONS TEST DATA WITH MAGNET IN FUEL FILTER
CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 14.8%
Oxygen .2%, Engine Temperature 85 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 4934 Vacuum 4.8 CO .00%
HC 0 ppm CO2 14.4%
Oxygen .8%
Engine Temperature 85 Deg F
Exhaust Temperature 0 Deg F
Engine RPM 717 Vacuum 4.8
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2140497 CA2140497A1 (en) | 1995-01-18 | 1995-01-18 | Magnetic fuel treatment device and method |
| AU22515/95A AU2251595A (en) | 1995-01-18 | 1995-04-18 | Magnetic fuel treatment device and method |
| PCT/CA1995/000223 WO1996022461A1 (en) | 1995-01-18 | 1995-04-18 | Magnetic fuel treatment device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2140497 CA2140497A1 (en) | 1995-01-18 | 1995-01-18 | Magnetic fuel treatment device and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2140497A1 true CA2140497A1 (en) | 1996-07-19 |
Family
ID=4155070
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2140497 Abandoned CA2140497A1 (en) | 1995-01-18 | 1995-01-18 | Magnetic fuel treatment device and method |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2251595A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2140497A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996022461A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999065591A1 (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 1999-12-23 | Pruneda Guerra Raul Roberto | Device for separating and retaining fluid-suspended magnetic particles |
| GB0327643D0 (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2003-12-31 | Betterenergy Ltd | Improvements for fuel combustion |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2795333A (en) * | 1955-05-06 | 1957-06-11 | Fram Corp | Liquid filter employing a magnet |
| US4067810A (en) * | 1976-02-09 | 1978-01-10 | Ofco, Inc. | Fluid filter magnet assembly |
| EP0498085A1 (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1992-08-12 | Dall'Angelo, Daniele | Combined mechanical and magnetical filter for liquids |
-
1995
- 1995-01-18 CA CA 2140497 patent/CA2140497A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-18 WO PCT/CA1995/000223 patent/WO1996022461A1/en active Application Filing
- 1995-04-18 AU AU22515/95A patent/AU2251595A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2251595A (en) | 1996-08-07 |
| WO1996022461A1 (en) | 1996-07-25 |
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